EP0592310A1 - Coating for parts rubbing by rotation of a martesitic steel article - Google Patents

Coating for parts rubbing by rotation of a martesitic steel article Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0592310A1
EP0592310A1 EP93402458A EP93402458A EP0592310A1 EP 0592310 A1 EP0592310 A1 EP 0592310A1 EP 93402458 A EP93402458 A EP 93402458A EP 93402458 A EP93402458 A EP 93402458A EP 0592310 A1 EP0592310 A1 EP 0592310A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
cr3c2
rotation
grains
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93402458A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0592310B1 (en
Inventor
André Coulon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom SA
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom Electromecanique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEC Alsthom Electromecanique SA filed Critical GEC Alsthom Electromecanique SA
Publication of EP0592310A1 publication Critical patent/EP0592310A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0592310B1 publication Critical patent/EP0592310B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12049—Nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12056—Entirely inorganic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a surface coating on martensitic steel for parts rubbing by rotation.
  • Martensitic steels and particularly those containing 9 to 18% chromium have a high sensitivity to seizure. Comparative tests have shown such a difference in the friction behavior of these steels compared to ferritic steels that surface treatment is necessary, particularly when the mechanical part concerned is in rotation and rests on bearings or rests on a stop. The slightest lubrication fault can indeed lead to an almost instantaneous deterioration of the supporting bristles.
  • the coating according to the invention having a low coefficient of friction and good adhesion and easy to deposit is characterized in that it comprises a NiMo matrix in which grains of Cr3C2 are embedded. It is important that the matrix does not contain chromium as this weakens the matrix.
  • the grain of Cr3C2 are used to give hardness to the NiMo ductile matrix.
  • the particle size of the MoNi matrix is 20 to 90 ⁇ m.
  • the Cr3C2 comprises 2% by weight of submicron grains. These grains are found mainly in the vicinity of the surface and play a protective role ensuring a form of dry lubrication.
  • Figure 1 shows the diagram of a device for depositing the coating according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows the coating according to the invention.
  • the torch 1 represented in FIG. 1 comprising a combustion chamber 2 supplied with a gaseous mixture comprising propane, oxygen with hydrogen and nitrogen and a central tube 3 supplied with a mixture of powders.
  • the gas mixture passes from chamber 2 into a conduit 4 surrounding the tube 3.
  • the end of the conduit 4 and the end of the tube 3 open to the outside where a flame 5 occurs.
  • the powder crosses the flame and is projected at high speed by the carrier gas.
  • the part to be coated (not shown) is placed at a short distance (200-400mm) from the torch and it moves in front of the part by an automatic advance system.
  • the preparation of the surfaces to be coated is known to those skilled in the art: degreasing followed by buckling, sandblasting in order to promote the mechanical attachment of the coating.
  • the thermal projection of the powder is carried out in a dynamic mode: rotor in rotation, torch moving horizontally for the bristles of the rotor, or vertically for the faces of the stop.
  • the optimum coating thickness is between 30 and 60 ⁇ m.
  • Powder is a specific alloy, particularly suitable for an application for turbine rotors.
  • the particle size of the powder must be chosen so that at least 90% by weight of the chromium carbide used is obtained from a submicron and spherical Cr3C2 then agglomerated and sintered to a size of 10 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the particle size of the NiMo mixture will be from 20 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m.
  • the coating 6 of the part 7 (see FIG. 2) comprises large sintered grains 8 of Cr3C2 which ensure the hardness of the coating.
  • the NiMo matrix 9 made up of grains from 20 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m is ductile so that if there is a lubrication incident, the coating will reduce friction.
  • the coating comprises submicron grains 10 of Cr3C2, preferably 2% by weight of Cr3C2.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

Surface coating (6) on a martensite steel for parts rubbing in rotation, characterised in that it comprises an NiMo matrix (9) in which are embedded particles of Cr3C2, 90 % by weight of which consist of particles (8) of 10 to 30 mu m. Coating with low friction coefficient and good adhesiveness. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un revêtement de surface sur acier martensitique pour parties frottantes par rotation.The present invention relates to a surface coating on martensitic steel for parts rubbing by rotation.

Les aciers martensitiques et particulièrement ceux qui contiennent 9 à 18% de chrome ont une grande sensibilité au grippage. Des essais comparatifs ont mis en évidence une telle différence de comportement au frottement de ces aciers par rapport aux aciers ferritiques qu'un traitement de surface s'avère nécessaire particulièrement lorsque la pièce mécanique concernée est en rotation et repose sur des coussinets ou s'appuie sur une butée. Le moindre défaut de lubrification peut en effet entrainer une détérioration presque instantanée des soies porteuses.Martensitic steels and particularly those containing 9 to 18% chromium have a high sensitivity to seizure. Comparative tests have shown such a difference in the friction behavior of these steels compared to ferritic steels that surface treatment is necessary, particularly when the mechanical part concerned is in rotation and rests on bearings or rests on a stop. The slightest lubrication fault can indeed lead to an almost instantaneous deterioration of the supporting bristles.

Dans le cas d'un rotor de turbine en acier martensitique, ce traitement est impérieux et préviendra tout risque de grippage.In the case of a martensitic steel turbine rotor, this treatment is imperative and will prevent any risk of seizure.

Il est déjà connu de revêtir les surfaces frottantes de chrome mais le dépôt de ce revêtement est relativement onéreux et nécessite une installation spéciale.It is already known to coat rubbing surfaces with chromium, but depositing this coating is relatively expensive and requires special installation.

Le revêtement selon l'invention présentant un faible coefficient de frottement et une bonne adhérence et facile à déposer est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une matrice NiMo dans laquelle sont noyés des grains de Cr₃C₂. Il est important que la matrice ne comporte pas de chrome car cela fragilise la matrice.The coating according to the invention having a low coefficient of friction and good adhesion and easy to deposit is characterized in that it comprises a NiMo matrix in which grains of Cr₃C₂ are embedded. It is important that the matrix does not contain chromium as this weakens the matrix.

Le grain de Cr₃C₂ servent à donner de la dureté à la matrice ductile NiMo.The grain of Cr₃C₂ are used to give hardness to the NiMo ductile matrix.

De préférence la composition en poids du revêtement est la suivante:

Cr₃C₂
: 15 à 25%
Mo
:15 à 25%
Ni
: 55 à 65%
Preferably the composition by weight of the coating is as follows:
Cr₃C₂
: 15 to 25%
Mo
: 15 to 25%
Or
: 55 to 65%

La granulométrie de la matrice MoNi est de 20 à 90 µm.The particle size of the MoNi matrix is 20 to 90 μm.

Selon un perfectionnement intéressant de l'invention le Cr₃C₂ comporte 2% en poids de grains submicroniques. Ces grains se retrouvent en majeure partie au voisinage de la surface et jouent un rôle protecteur assurant une forme de graissage sec.According to an advantageous improvement of the invention, the Cr₃C₂ comprises 2% by weight of submicron grains. These grains are found mainly in the vicinity of the surface and play a protective role ensuring a form of dry lubrication.

L'invention va maintenant être décrite plus en détail en se référant à un mode de réalisation particulier cité à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté par les dessins annexés.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to a particular embodiment cited by way of nonlimiting example and represented by the accompanying drawings.

La figure 1 représente le schéma d'un dispositif pour déposer le revêtement selon l'invention.Figure 1 shows the diagram of a device for depositing the coating according to the invention.

La figure 2 représente le revêtement selon l'invention.Figure 2 shows the coating according to the invention.

La torche 1 représentée à la figure 1 comportant une chambre de combustion 2 alimentée en un mélange gazeux comportant du propane de l'oxygène de l'hydrogène et de l'azote et un tube central 3 alimenté en mélange de poudres.The torch 1 represented in FIG. 1 comprising a combustion chamber 2 supplied with a gaseous mixture comprising propane, oxygen with hydrogen and nitrogen and a central tube 3 supplied with a mixture of powders.

Le mélange gazeux passe de la chambre 2 dans un conduit 4 entourant le tube 3.The gas mixture passes from chamber 2 into a conduit 4 surrounding the tube 3.

L'extrémité du conduit 4 et l'extrémité du tube 3 débouchent à l'extérieur ou se produit une flamme 5. La poudre traverse la flamme et est projetée à grande vitesse par le gaz porteur.The end of the conduit 4 and the end of the tube 3 open to the outside where a flame 5 occurs. The powder crosses the flame and is projected at high speed by the carrier gas.

La pièce a revêtir (non représentée) est disposée à faible distance (200-400mm) de la torche et celle-ci se déplace devant la pièce par un système automatique d'avance.The part to be coated (not shown) is placed at a short distance (200-400mm) from the torch and it moves in front of the part by an automatic advance system.

Dans l'application à un rotor de turbine, celui-ci est monté sur un tour horizontal, et est entraîné à une faible vitesse de rotation.In the application to a turbine rotor, this is mounted on a horizontal lathe, and is driven at a low speed of rotation.

La préparation des surfaces à revêtir est connue de l'homme de l'art: dégraissage suivi de flambage, sablage en vue de favoriser l'accrochage mécanique du revêtement.The preparation of the surfaces to be coated is known to those skilled in the art: degreasing followed by buckling, sandblasting in order to promote the mechanical attachment of the coating.

La projection thermique de la poudre est réalisée selon un mode dynamique: rotor en rotation, torche se déplaçant horizontalement pour les soies du rotor, ou verticalement pour les faces de la butée. L'épaisseur optimale du revêtement est comprise entre 30 et 60 µm.The thermal projection of the powder is carried out in a dynamic mode: rotor in rotation, torch moving horizontally for the bristles of the rotor, or vertically for the faces of the stop. The optimum coating thickness is between 30 and 60 µm.

La poudre est un alliage spécifique, particulièrement adapté à une application pour des rotors de turbine.Powder is a specific alloy, particularly suitable for an application for turbine rotors.

Les proportions au mélange de poudres sont les suivants (en % du poids).

Cr₃C₂
: 20% ± 5%
Ni
: 60% ± 5%
Mo
: 20% ± 5%
The proportions of the powder mixture are as follows (in% of the weight).
Cr₃C₂
: 20% ± 5%
Or
: 60% ± 5%
Mo
: 20% ± 5%

La granulométrie de la poudre doit être choisie pour qu'au moins 90% en poids du carbure de chrome utilisé soit obtenu à partir d'un Cr₃C₂ submicronique et sphérique puis aggloméré et fritté à une taille de 10 à 30 µm.The particle size of the powder must be chosen so that at least 90% by weight of the chromium carbide used is obtained from a submicron and spherical Cr₃C₂ then agglomerated and sintered to a size of 10 to 30 μm.

La granulométrie du mélange NiMo sera de 20 µm à 90 µm.The particle size of the NiMo mixture will be from 20 µm to 90 µm.

Le revêtement 6 de la pièce 7 (voir figure 2) comporte des gros grains frittés 8 de Cr₃C₂ qui assurent la dureté du revêtement. La matrice 9 de NiMo constitués de grains de 20µm à 90µm est ductile si bien que s'il y a un incident de graissage le revêtement réduira le frottement. De plus selon une réalisation préférentielle de l'invention le revêtement comporte des grains submicroniques 10 de Cr₃C₂ de préférence 2% en poids du Cr₃C₂.The coating 6 of the part 7 (see FIG. 2) comprises large sintered grains 8 of Cr₃C₂ which ensure the hardness of the coating. The NiMo matrix 9 made up of grains from 20 μm to 90 μm is ductile so that if there is a lubrication incident, the coating will reduce friction. In addition, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coating comprises submicron grains 10 of Cr₃C₂, preferably 2% by weight of Cr₃C₂.

Ces grains 10 jouent un rôle protecteur assurant une forme de graissage "sec" au voisinage des surfaces de contacts en rotation (arbre-coussinet).These grains 10 play a protective role ensuring a form of "dry" lubrication in the vicinity of the rotating contact surfaces (shaft-bearing).

Claims (4)

1/ Revêtement de surface sur acier martensitique pour parties frottantes par rotation caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une matrice NiMo (9) dans laquelle sont noyés des grains de Cr₃C₂ dont 90% en poids sont constitués de grains de 10 à 30 µm. 1 / Surface coating on martensitic steel for rubbing parts by rotation characterized in that it comprises a NiMo matrix (9) in which grains of Cr₃C₂ are embedded, 90% by weight of which consist of grains from 10 to 30 μm. 2/ Revêtement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il a la composition suivante en poids: Cr₃C₂   : 15 à 25% Mo   : 15 à 25% Ni   : 55 à 65% 2 / coating according to claim 2, characterized in that it has the following composition by weight: Cr₃C₂: 15 to 25% MB: 15 to 25% Ni: 55 to 65% 3/ Revêtement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la granulométrie de la matrice NiMo (9) est de 20 à 90 µm. 3 / coating according to claim 2, characterized in that the particle size of the NiMo matrix (9) is from 20 to 90 µm. 4/ Revêtement selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'environ 2% en poids du Cr₃C₂ est constitué de grains submicroniques (10) dont la majeure partie est voisine de la surface du revêtement (6). 4 / coating according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that about 2% by weight of Cr₃C₂ consists of submicron grains (10) the major part of which is close to the surface of the coating (6).
EP93402458A 1992-10-09 1993-10-06 Coating for parts rubbing by rotation of a martesitic steel article Expired - Lifetime EP0592310B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9212021 1992-10-09
FR9212021A FR2696760B1 (en) 1992-10-09 1992-10-09 Coating for rubbing parts by rotation of a piece of matensitic steel.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0592310A1 true EP0592310A1 (en) 1994-04-13
EP0592310B1 EP0592310B1 (en) 1995-09-06

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US (1) US5449562A (en)
EP (1) EP0592310B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06212448A (en)
DE (1) DE69300449T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2696760B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19630149A1 (en) * 1995-07-25 1997-01-30 Riken Kk Sliding component and method for its production
US5897947A (en) * 1995-01-31 1999-04-27 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Method of coating and thread guiding elements produced thereby

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7479630B2 (en) * 2004-03-25 2009-01-20 Bandura Dmitry R Method and apparatus for flow cytometry linked with elemental analysis
US20050241896A1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-03 Gerald Martino Brake rotors with heat-resistant ceramic coatings
GB0821459D0 (en) 2008-11-24 2008-12-31 Icera Inc Active power management
US8906130B2 (en) 2010-04-19 2014-12-09 Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. Coatings and powders, methods of making same, and uses thereof

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DE3515107C1 (en) * 1985-04-26 1986-07-31 Goetze Ag, 5093 Burscheid Spray powder for the production of wear-resistant and escape-proof coatings

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JPS6033364A (en) * 1983-08-01 1985-02-20 Koei Seikou Kk Hearth roll for heat treating furnace and preparation thereof
DE3515107C1 (en) * 1985-04-26 1986-07-31 Goetze Ag, 5093 Burscheid Spray powder for the production of wear-resistant and escape-proof coatings

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5897947A (en) * 1995-01-31 1999-04-27 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Method of coating and thread guiding elements produced thereby
DE19630149A1 (en) * 1995-07-25 1997-01-30 Riken Kk Sliding component and method for its production
DE19630149C2 (en) * 1995-07-25 2001-11-29 Riken Tokio Tokyo Kk Sliding component and its use as a piston ring

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69300449D1 (en) 1995-10-12
FR2696760A1 (en) 1994-04-15
US5449562A (en) 1995-09-12
JPH06212448A (en) 1994-08-02
DE69300449T2 (en) 1996-02-22
FR2696760B1 (en) 1994-11-04
EP0592310B1 (en) 1995-09-06

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