EP0588757B1 - Ski boot - Google Patents

Ski boot Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0588757B1
EP0588757B1 EP93810548A EP93810548A EP0588757B1 EP 0588757 B1 EP0588757 B1 EP 0588757B1 EP 93810548 A EP93810548 A EP 93810548A EP 93810548 A EP93810548 A EP 93810548A EP 0588757 B1 EP0588757 B1 EP 0588757B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lateral
leg part
ski boot
cable
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93810548A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0588757A1 (en
Inventor
Gilles Marmonier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lange International SA
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Lange International SA
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
    • A43C11/00—Other fastenings specially adapted for shoes
    • A43C11/14—Clamp fastenings, e.g. strap fastenings; Clamp-buckle fastenings; Fastenings with toggle levers
    • A43C11/1406—Fastenings with toggle levers; Equipment therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0427—Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details
    • A43B5/0429—Adjustment of the boot to calf or shin, i.e. fibula, tibia
    • A43B5/0433—Adjustment of the boot to calf or shin, i.e. fibula, tibia to the width of calf or shin, i.e. fibula, tibia

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a shell ski boot comprising a variable volume shell bottom intended to wrap the foot and the heel and a rod in two parts forming, in the closed position, a collar articulated on the shell bottom and having , at the front, two superimposed flaps allowing the tightening of the rod around the leg and provided with tightening means, the shoe being further provided with means making it possible to release the tightening of the upper and allowing the upper to occupy a straightened position of rest and walking.
  • a shoe of this type is described in patent application EP 0502 795.
  • Such a shoe combines the advantages of shoes with rear entry and those of shoes with a shoe in the form of a necklace.
  • the upper can indeed be wide open so as to make it easier to put on and take off, while once closed, the upper behaves like a single collar articulated on the shoe allowing a tilting forward and ensuring in all circumstances good footing and good skiing.
  • the two parts of the rod which open and close like a box, are kept closed by means of a rack-and-pinion loop mounted on a tab fixed at the top and on a flane of the anterior part of the rod and surrounding the posterior part of the stem, the loop coming to hang on the opposite blank from the top of the anterior part.
  • a game is created in the closure of the two parts of the rod, a game allowing relaxation and walking.
  • the opening complete of the rod is carried out by dissociating the loop completely.
  • the present invention aims to improve the handling of the ski when taking the edge in the closed position of the rod, while allowing rest and walking when the tightening of the rod is released.
  • the ski boot according to the invention is characterized in that the upper consists of an internal part extending over approximately 3/4 of the periphery of the leg comprising the entire side of the collar located on the internal side of the boot and one of the front flaps and of an external part comprising the other front flap, these two internal and external parts coming to be applied edge to edge one against the other along a closure line situated on the side external of the shoe, and in that the shoe comprises a lateral device for closing the two parts of the upper along said closing line.
  • the front tightening means of the rod consist of a loop having an intermediate position of partial opening, the whole so as to allow a straightening of the rod, that is to say ie rest and walking, when the lateral closing device is open and the front clamping means are in the intermediate position.
  • a front loop can be, for example, a loop of the type described in patent CH 672,400 (US 4,852,222).
  • the lateral device for closing the two parts of the rod may consist of a simple hook.
  • the means front tightening for example a loop
  • the lateral hook are independent and the collar, in the closed position, is held in a ski position slightly inclined towards the front by the part of the shell extending over the neck -foot
  • the shoe is hardly more complicated than a traditional shoe.
  • the upper is made in two pieces, the ski quality is as good as with a one-piece collar, because the continuity and rigidity of the upper are ensured on the internal side of the boot through which are transmitted, the ski leg, the efforts when taking the edge.
  • a mechanical connection is established between the lateral closing device and the front tightening means to cause the passage of these tightening means in the relaxed position when the lateral closing device is opened.
  • This connection can be achieved simply by a bicycle brake cable.
  • this device is unlockable by a cable attached to the lateral closing device and actuated by this device during its opening.
  • Figures 1 to 14 show a first embodiment.
  • Figure 1 is a view of the boot in the ski position.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the shoe of Figure 1 seen from above.
  • Figure 3 shows the same shoe in the walking position.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view corresponding to FIG. 3.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic top view of the shoe in the boot position.
  • Figure 6 shows the shoe after putting on and closing the upper.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view corresponding to FIG. 6.
  • Figure 8 is a sectional view along VIII-VIII of Figure 9, showing the front loop of the rod in the clamping position.
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view along IX-IX of FIG. 9.
  • Figure 10 is a side view of the same loop in the intermediate or relaxation position.
  • FIG. 11 represents the same loop in a first opening phase, according to a section similar to that of FIG. 8.
  • Figure 12 shows the same loop, in section, in a second phase of its opening.
  • Figure 13 shows the same loop, in section, fully open.
  • Figure 14 is a side view of the buckle in the same position as Figure 13 ready to be returned to the clamping position.
  • Figure 15 shows schematically a second embodiment.
  • Figure 16 shows a third embodiment.
  • the shoe shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a shell 1 with variable volume whose flaps rise above the instep and clampable by means of a first double loop 2.
  • a rod 4 in the form of a necklace.
  • This collar consists of a first internal part 5 extending over approximately 3/4 of the periphery of the leg and having a flap 5a at the front and a second part 6 completing the collar and having a flap 6a engaged under the flap 5a.
  • the two parts 5 and 6 come to bear against one another in the closed position along a closing line 7 extending on the outside of the shoe substantially parallel to the axis of the upper.
  • the closure along line 7 can be done by interlocking, step or any other means ensuring the support of the two edges of parts 5 and 6 against each other.
  • the boot further comprises an inner comfort liner 8, a strap 9 for the tibial support and a device 10 mounted at the rear of the upper for locking the upper in the ski position.
  • a device is described, for example, in US patent 4,839,973.
  • the rod 4 comprises a lateral closing device for maintaining the closed position of the two parts 5 and 6 of the rod and a double loop 11 for tightening by sliding the two flaps of this rod.
  • This lateral closing device consists of a hook 12 in the shape of an inverted L situated inside the rod and articulated at its lower end at a point 13 on the part 5 of the rod.
  • the end 14 of the hook 12 is hooked into a notch 15 cut in the edge of the part 6 of the rod.
  • the hook 12 is held in the hooked position by a spring not shown in the drawing, for example a hunting horn spring surrounding the axis 13.
  • the hook 12 can be released from the notch 15 by means of a rotary button 16 (figure 3) whose axis crosses the rod and drives a cam 17 whose rotation raises the upper arm of the hook 12.
  • the position of the button 16 is indicated by the marks "SKI” and "ON”.
  • the loop 11 is a loop with three positions, namely: closed position, relaxation position, open position.
  • the loop 11 can be placed in the relaxed position by pulling on a bicycle brake cable 18, that is to say a cable in sheath, one end of which is connected to the vertical arm of the hook 12 at an intermediate point 19
  • a bicycle brake cable 18 that is to say a cable in sheath, one end of which is connected to the vertical arm of the hook 12 at an intermediate point 19
  • the hook 12 is lifted by the cam 17, it pivots towards the rear by exerting traction on the cable 18, traction which places the loop 11 in the relaxed position.
  • the rear locking device 10 being unlocked, the opening of the hook 12 and the relaxation of the tightening on the flaps 5a and 6a make it possible to straighten the part 5 of the rod, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the other part 6 of the rod remaining in its initial position or tilting slightly forward. This position allows rest and walking.
  • the lower leg remains held in the liner 8 by the strap 9.
  • the skier When putting on, the skier first closes the rod and locks it by means of the hook 12 by placing the button 16 in the "SKI” position (FIG. 6), then he closes the loop 11 after having also opened it. widely as possible.
  • the loop 11 is shown in detail in FIGS. 8 to 14.
  • the double loop 11 comprises a lever 20 articulated on a stirrup 21 with several bearings.
  • This lever 20 acts on two cables 22 and 23 anchored on two tabs of the flap 5a.
  • the lever 20 is articulated by three parallel arms 24, 25, 26, the central arm 25 being substantially wider than the lateral arms 24 and 26 and having a recess 27 in which is engaged a locking arm 28 having at its end a groove frontal 44 and whose function will be described later.
  • the cables 22 and 23 are provided with a cable head 29, respectively 30, fixed and articulated on an axis 31, the ends of which are guided in two opposite grooves 32 formed in the internal faces of the lateral arms 24 and 26 and closed at their ends, so that the axis 31 can slide in these grooves 32.
  • the central arm 25 has a clearance 33 allowing this movement of the axis 31.
  • the locking arm 28 is fixed by one of its ends on a transverse axis 34 pivoted on a stirrup mounted on the same base that the stirrup 21.
  • This axis 34 is provided, at its ends, with arms 35 and 36, the ends of which are provided with a stud 37, respectively 38 engaged respectively in two grooves 39 and 40 formed on the outside of the lateral arms 24 and 26.
  • These grooves 39 and 40 are in the form of a circuit having two long parts substantially parallel to the grooves 32 and two short transverse parts oblique relative to the long parts.
  • the locking arm 28 is also engaged, at its base, in a V-shaped part 41, one of the branches of which is crossed by the cable 18, the end of the sheath 42 of which bears against one of the wings of the V-shaped part 41, the end of the cable being provided with an anchoring stud 43 by which it is pivotally anchored in the locking arm 28.
  • This double loop 11 can also be broken down into two independent single juxtaposed loops whose geometry makes it possible to maneuver them separately or together.
  • the components of the buckle 11 occupy the positions represented in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the studs 37 and 38 are at the front end of the upper part of their groove 39 , respectively 40.
  • the axis 31 is engaged in the front groove 44 of the locking arm 28 and is blocked at the anterior end of the grooves 32 due to the traction on the cables 22 and 23 and the orientation of the grooves 32.
  • the traction on the cable 18 has the effect of lowering the arm 28 and therefore the stud 38 along the short oblique anterior part 40a of the groove in circuit 40 , as shown in Figure 10.
  • the axis 31 escapes from the groove 44 and, under the effect of the traction of the cables 22 and 23, slides to the rear end of the grooves 32 near the hinge axis of the loop. The tension on the cables 22 and 23 is thus released and the loop 11 occupies its relaxed position.
  • the passage of the axis 31 from the position shown in FIG. 8 to the position according to FIG. 10, that is to say its release from the groove 44 of the locking arm 28, can be obtained in other ways, for example by exerting a hand pressure on the locking arm 28 or on the arms 35 and 36 or by slightly lifting the lever 20, the ramp formed by the oblique part of the grooves 39 and 40 forcing the studs 37 and 38 to descend along this part. It can be seen that the descent of the studs 37 and 38 has the effect of bringing the arm 28 down and therefore of pushing the cable 18 back into its sheath. It is therefore possible to activate the hook 12 by means of the loop 11, which would make it possible to remove the button 16 and its cam 17.
  • the rear locking device 10 could also be automatically controlled by a cable when the hook 12 is opened.
  • a control device is described in patent FR 2 661 076.
  • the rear locking device 10 can be omitted, the upper 4 being held in the ski position by the upper part of the shell above the instep.
  • the means for opening and tightening the rod could be produced as shown in FIG. 15.
  • the front loop could be a simple lever loop 45 articulated in a stirrup 46 secured to a base 47 mounted sliding in a slide itself pivotally mounted on part 6 of the rod.
  • the loop 45 exerts traction on a cable or a belt 48 connected to the part 5 of the rod.
  • the lateral closing device consists of a conventional loop 49 to which is attached an auxiliary cable 50, the other end of which is fixed to the sliding base 47 of the loop 45.
  • the opening of the loop 49 causes relaxation of the cable 50 and consequently relaxation of the cable 48 and its closure, tightening of the stem.
  • FIG. 16 represents a third embodiment, also simple, in which the lateral closure and the tightening of the front part are ensured by a single and same loop 51 mounted on the external side of the part 5 of the rod.
  • This loop 51 is connected by two cables 52 and 53 to a movable plate 54 carrying two pulleys 55 and 56 over which pass two cables 57 and 58.
  • One end of these cables 57 and 58 is attached to two tabs 59 and 60 integral with the flap 5a of the rod, while the other ends of these cables 57 and 58 are anchored in part 6 by means of screw / nut devices 61, 62 allowing the tension to be adjusted on the cables.
  • the loop 51 may be a loop having an intermediate position of relaxation.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

The boot comprises a lower shell (1) and an upper (boot leg) (4), articulated on the lower shell and consisting of an inner part (5) extending over approximately 3/4 of the circumference of the leg, on the inner side of the boot, and of an outer part (6). These two parts are applied edge-to-edge, one against the other, along a closure line (7), in order to form a collar. The boot comprises a lateral closure device (12) and gripping means (11) capable of occupying a relaxation position. A mechanical link (18) between the lateral closure device and the gripping means can ensure the simultaneous nature of the transition of the gripping means to the relaxation position and the opening of the lateral closure device. Opening up of the upper and the relaxation or walking position is obtained without reduction in the rigidity of the upper on the inner side. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une chaussure de ski à coque comprenant un bas de coque à volume variable destiné à envelopper le pied et le talon et une tige en deux parties formant, en position fermée, un collier articulé sur le bas de coque et présentant, à l'avant, deux rabats superposés permettant le serrage de la tige autour de la jambe et munis de moyens de serrage, la chaussure étant en outre munie de moyens permettant de relâcher le serrage de la tige et permettant à la tige d'occuper une position redressée de repos et de marche.The present invention relates to a shell ski boot comprising a variable volume shell bottom intended to wrap the foot and the heel and a rod in two parts forming, in the closed position, a collar articulated on the shell bottom and having , at the front, two superimposed flaps allowing the tightening of the rod around the leg and provided with tightening means, the shoe being further provided with means making it possible to release the tightening of the upper and allowing the upper to occupy a straightened position of rest and walking.

Une chaussure de ce type est décrite dans la demande de brevet EP 0502 795. Une telle chaussure allie les avantages des chaussures à entrée arrière et ceux des chaussures à tige en une pièce en forme de collier. La tige peut en effet être largement ouverte de manière à rendre aisés le chaussage et le déchaussage, tandis qu'une fois fermée, la tige se comporte comme un collier unique articulé sur la chaussure en autorisant un basculement vers l'avant et assurant en toutes circonstances une bonne tenue du pied et une bonne conduite du ski. Les deux parties de la tige, qui s'ouvrent et se ferment comme une boîte, sont maintenues fermées au moyen d'une boucle à crémaillère montée sur une patte fixée au haut et sur un flane de la partie antérieure de la tige et entourant la partie postérieure de la tige, la boucle venant s'accrocher sur le flane opposé du haut de la partie antérieurs. En desserrant la boucle, on crée un jeu dans la fermeture des deux parties de la tige, jeu permettant la relaxation et la marche. L'ouverture complète de la tige s'effectue en désolidarisant la boucle complètement.A shoe of this type is described in patent application EP 0502 795. Such a shoe combines the advantages of shoes with rear entry and those of shoes with a shoe in the form of a necklace. The upper can indeed be wide open so as to make it easier to put on and take off, while once closed, the upper behaves like a single collar articulated on the shoe allowing a tilting forward and ensuring in all circumstances good footing and good skiing. The two parts of the rod, which open and close like a box, are kept closed by means of a rack-and-pinion loop mounted on a tab fixed at the top and on a flane of the anterior part of the rod and surrounding the posterior part of the stem, the loop coming to hang on the opposite blank from the top of the anterior part. By loosening the loop, a game is created in the closure of the two parts of the rod, a game allowing relaxation and walking. The opening complete of the rod is carried out by dissociating the loop completely.

La présente invention a pour but d'améliorer la conduite du ski lors de la prise de carre en position fermée de la tige, tout en permettant le repos et la marche quand le serrage de la tige est Relâché.The present invention aims to improve the handling of the ski when taking the edge in the closed position of the rod, while allowing rest and walking when the tightening of the rod is released.

La chaussure de ski selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce que la tige est constituée d'une partie interne s'étendant sur environ 3/4 du pourtour de la jambe comprenant tout le côté du collier situé sur le côté interne de la chaussure et l'un des rabats avant et d'une partie externe comprenant l'autre rabat avant, ces deux parties interne et externe venant s'appliquer bord à bord l'une contre l'autre le long d'une ligne de fermeture située du côté externe de la chaussure, et en ce que la chaussure comprend un dispositif latéral de fermeture des deux parties de la tige selon ladite ligne de fermeture.The ski boot according to the invention is characterized in that the upper consists of an internal part extending over approximately 3/4 of the periphery of the leg comprising the entire side of the collar located on the internal side of the boot and one of the front flaps and of an external part comprising the other front flap, these two internal and external parts coming to be applied edge to edge one against the other along a closure line situated on the side external of the shoe, and in that the shoe comprises a lateral device for closing the two parts of the upper along said closing line.

Selon une forme d'exécution de l'invention, les moyens de serrage avant de la tige sont constitués d'une boucle présentant une position intermédiaire d'ouverture partielle, le tout de manière à permettre un redressement de la tige, c'est-à-dire le repos et la marche, lorsque le dispositif de fermeture latéral est ouvert et que les moyens de serrage avant sont en position intermédiaire. Une telle boucle avant peut être, par exemple, une boucle du type décrit dans le brevet CH 672 400 (US 4 852 222).According to one embodiment of the invention, the front tightening means of the rod consist of a loop having an intermediate position of partial opening, the whole so as to allow a straightening of the rod, that is to say ie rest and walking, when the lateral closing device is open and the front clamping means are in the intermediate position. Such a front loop can be, for example, a loop of the type described in patent CH 672,400 (US 4,852,222).

Le dispositif latéral de fermeture des deux parties de la tige peut être constitué d'un simple crochet. Dans son exécution la plus simple, dans laquelle les moyens de serrage avant, par exemple une boucle, et le crochet latéral sont indépendants et le collier, en position fermée, est maintenu dans une position de ski légèrement inclinée vers l'avant par la partie de la coque s'étendant sur le cou-de-pied, la chaussure n'est guère plus compliquée qu'une chaussure traditionnelle. Bien que la tige soit réalisée en deux pièces, la qualité de ski est aussi bonne qu'avec un collier en une pièce, car la continuité et la rigidité de la tige sont assurées sur le côté interne de la chaussure par lequel sont transmis, de la jambe au ski, les efforts lors de la prise de carre.The lateral device for closing the two parts of the rod may consist of a simple hook. In its simplest execution, in which the means front tightening, for example a loop, and the lateral hook are independent and the collar, in the closed position, is held in a ski position slightly inclined towards the front by the part of the shell extending over the neck -foot, the shoe is hardly more complicated than a traditional shoe. Although the upper is made in two pieces, the ski quality is as good as with a one-piece collar, because the continuity and rigidity of the upper are ensured on the internal side of the boot through which are transmitted, the ski leg, the efforts when taking the edge.

Dans une forme d'exécution un peu plus évoluée, une liaison mécanique est établie entre le dispositif latéral de fermeture et les moyens de serrage avant pour provoquer le passage de ces moyens de serrage en position de relaxation lorsqu'on ouvre le dispositif latéral de fermeture. Cette liaison peut être réalisée simplement par un câble de frein de bicyclette.In a slightly more advanced embodiment, a mechanical connection is established between the lateral closing device and the front tightening means to cause the passage of these tightening means in the relaxed position when the lateral closing device is opened. . This connection can be achieved simply by a bicycle brake cable.

Dans une exécution plus évoluée comportant, à l'arrière, un dispositif de verrouillage de la tige en position de descente, inclinée vers l'avant, ce dispositif est déverrouillable par un câble attaché au dispositif de fermeture latérale et actionné par ce dispositif lors de son ouverture.In a more advanced version comprising, at the rear, a device for locking the rod in the descent position, inclined towards the front, this device is unlockable by a cable attached to the lateral closing device and actuated by this device during its opening.

Le dessin annexé représente, à titre d'exemple, trois forme d'exécution de l'invention.The accompanying drawing shows, by way of example, three embodiments of the invention.

Les figures 1 à 14 représentent une première forme d'exécution. Figures 1 to 14 show a first embodiment.

La figure 1 est une vue de la chaussure en position de ski.Figure 1 is a view of the boot in the ski position.

La figure 2 représente schématiquement la chaussure de la figure 1 vue de dessus.Figure 2 schematically shows the shoe of Figure 1 seen from above.

La figure 3 représente la même chaussure en position de marche.Figure 3 shows the same shoe in the walking position.

La figure 4 est une vue de dessus correspondant à la figure 3.FIG. 4 is a top view corresponding to FIG. 3.

La figure 5 est une vue schématique de dessus de la chaussure en position de chaussage.Figure 5 is a schematic top view of the shoe in the boot position.

La figure 6 représente la chaussure après chaussage et fermeture de la tige.Figure 6 shows the shoe after putting on and closing the upper.

La figure 7 est une vue de dessus correspondant à la figure 6.FIG. 7 is a top view corresponding to FIG. 6.

La figure 8 est une vue en coupe, selon VIII-VIII de la figure 9, représentant la boucle avant de la tige en position de serrage.Figure 8 is a sectional view along VIII-VIII of Figure 9, showing the front loop of the rod in the clamping position.

La figure 9 est une vue en coupe selon IX-IX de la figure 9.FIG. 9 is a sectional view along IX-IX of FIG. 9.

La figure 10 est une vue latérale de la même boucle en position intermédiaire ou de relaxation.Figure 10 is a side view of the same loop in the intermediate or relaxation position.

La figure 11 représente la même boucle dans une première phase d'ouverture, selon une coupe analogue à celle de la figure 8.FIG. 11 represents the same loop in a first opening phase, according to a section similar to that of FIG. 8.

La figure 12 représente la même boucle, en coupe, dans une seconde phase de son ouverture.Figure 12 shows the same loop, in section, in a second phase of its opening.

La figure 13 représente la même boucle, en coupe, totalement ouverte.Figure 13 shows the same loop, in section, fully open.

La figure 14 est une vue latérale de la boucle dans la même position que la figure 13 prête pour être ramenée en position de serrage.Figure 14 is a side view of the buckle in the same position as Figure 13 ready to be returned to the clamping position.

La figure 15 représente schématiquement une deuxième forme d'exécution.Figure 15 shows schematically a second embodiment.

La figure 16 représente une troisième forme d'exécution. Figure 16 shows a third embodiment.

La chaussure représentée aux figures 1 et 2 comprend une coque 1 à volume variable dont les rabats montent au-dessus du cou-de-pied et serrable au moyen d'une première double boucle 2. Sur cette coque 1 est articulée en 3 une tige 4 en forme de collier. Ce collier est constitué d'une première partie interne 5 s'étendant sur environ 3/4 du pourtour de la jambe et présentant à l'avant un rabat 5a et d'une seconde partie 6 complétant le collier et présentant un rabat 6a engagé sous le rabat 5a. Les deux parties 5 et 6 viennent s'appuyer l'une contre l'autre en position fermée selon une ligne de fermeture 7 s'étendant sur le côté extérieur de la chaussure sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe de la tige. La fermeture selon la ligne 7 peut se faire par emboîtement, redan ou tout autre moyen assurant l'appui des deux bords des parties 5 et 6 l'un contre l'autre. A la figure 2, on distingue la partie la de la coque s'étendant au-dessus du cou-de-pied. La chaussure comprend en outre un chausson intérieur de confort 8, une courroie 9 pour l'appui tibial et un dispositif 10 monté à l'arrière de la tige pour le blocage de la tige en position de ski. Un tel dispositif est décrit, par exemple, dans le brevet américain 4 839 973.The shoe shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a shell 1 with variable volume whose flaps rise above the instep and clampable by means of a first double loop 2. On this shell 1 is articulated in 3 a rod 4 in the form of a necklace. This collar consists of a first internal part 5 extending over approximately 3/4 of the periphery of the leg and having a flap 5a at the front and a second part 6 completing the collar and having a flap 6a engaged under the flap 5a. The two parts 5 and 6 come to bear against one another in the closed position along a closing line 7 extending on the outside of the shoe substantially parallel to the axis of the upper. The closure along line 7 can be done by interlocking, step or any other means ensuring the support of the two edges of parts 5 and 6 against each other. In Figure 2, there is the part la of the shell extending above the instep. The boot further comprises an inner comfort liner 8, a strap 9 for the tibial support and a device 10 mounted at the rear of the upper for locking the upper in the ski position. Such a device is described, for example, in US patent 4,839,973.

La tige 4 comporte un dispositif de fermeture latéral pour le maintien en position fermée des deux parties 5 et 6 de la tige et une double boucle 11 pour le serrage par coulissement des deux rabats de cette tige. Ce dispositif de fermeture latéral est constitué d'un crochet 12 en forme de L renversé situé à l'intérieur de la tige et articulé à son extrémité inférieure en un point 13 sur la partie 5 de la tige. L'extrémité 14 du crochet 12 vient s'accrocher dans un cran 15 découpé dans le bord de la partie 6 de la tige. Le crochet 12 est maintenu dans la position accrochée par un ressort non représenté au dessin, par exemple un ressort en cor de chasse entourant l'axe 13. Le crochet 12 peut être dégagé du cran 15 au moyen d'un bouton rotatif 16 (figure 3) dont l'axe traverse la tige et entraîne une came 17 dont la rotation vient soulever le bras supérieur du crochet 12. La position du bouton 16 est indiquée par les repères "SKI" et "MARCHE".The rod 4 comprises a lateral closing device for maintaining the closed position of the two parts 5 and 6 of the rod and a double loop 11 for tightening by sliding the two flaps of this rod. This lateral closing device consists of a hook 12 in the shape of an inverted L situated inside the rod and articulated at its lower end at a point 13 on the part 5 of the rod. The end 14 of the hook 12 is hooked into a notch 15 cut in the edge of the part 6 of the rod. The hook 12 is held in the hooked position by a spring not shown in the drawing, for example a hunting horn spring surrounding the axis 13. The hook 12 can be released from the notch 15 by means of a rotary button 16 (figure 3) whose axis crosses the rod and drives a cam 17 whose rotation raises the upper arm of the hook 12. The position of the button 16 is indicated by the marks "SKI" and "ON".

La boucle 11 est une boucle à trois positions soit : position de fermeture, position de relaxation, position d'ouverture. La boucle 11 peut être mise en position de relaxation par la traction sur un câble de frein de bicyclette 18, c'est-à-dire un câble sous gaine, dont une extrémité est reliée au bras vertical du crochet 12 en un point intermédiaire 19. Lorsque le crochet 12 est soulevé par la came 17, il pivote vers l'arrière en exerçant une traction sur le câble 18, traction qui place la boucle 11 en position de relaxation.The loop 11 is a loop with three positions, namely: closed position, relaxation position, open position. The loop 11 can be placed in the relaxed position by pulling on a bicycle brake cable 18, that is to say a cable in sheath, one end of which is connected to the vertical arm of the hook 12 at an intermediate point 19 When the hook 12 is lifted by the cam 17, it pivots towards the rear by exerting traction on the cable 18, traction which places the loop 11 in the relaxed position.

Le dispositif de verrouillage arrière 10 étant déverrouillé, l'ouverture du crochet 12 et la relaxation du serrage sur les rabats 5a et 6a permettent de redresser la partie 5 de la tige, comme représenté à la figure 3. L'autre partie 6 de la tige restant dans sa position initiale ou basculant légèrement vers l'avant. Cette position permet le repos et la marche. Le bas de la jambe reste tenu dans le chausson 8 par la courroie 9.The rear locking device 10 being unlocked, the opening of the hook 12 and the relaxation of the tightening on the flaps 5a and 6a make it possible to straighten the part 5 of the rod, as shown in FIG. 3. The other part 6 of the rod remaining in its initial position or tilting slightly forward. This position allows rest and walking. The lower leg remains held in the liner 8 by the strap 9.

A partir de la position représentée à la figure 3, si l'on ouvre complètement la boucle 11 (position de la boucle représentée à la figure 6), la partie 5 de la tige peut être basculée davantage vers l'arrière. La chaussure est ainsi largement ouverte (figure 5) et le skieur peut chausser aisément.From the position shown in Figure 3, if the loop 11 is fully opened (position of the loop shown in Figure 6), part 5 of the rod can be tilted further back. The shoe is thus wide open (Figure 5) and the skier can easily put on.

Lors du chaussage, le skieur ferme d'abord la tige et verrouille celle-ci au moyen du crochet 12 en plaçant le bouton 16 sur la position "SKI" (figure 6), puis il referme la boucle 11 après l'avoir ouverte aussi largement que possible.When putting on, the skier first closes the rod and locks it by means of the hook 12 by placing the button 16 in the "SKI" position (FIG. 6), then he closes the loop 11 after having also opened it. widely as possible.

La boucle 11 est représentée en détail aux figures 8 à 14.The loop 11 is shown in detail in FIGS. 8 to 14.

La double boucle 11 comprend un levier 20 articulé sur un étrier 21 à plusieurs paliers. Ce levier 20 agit sur deux câbles 22 et 23 ancrés sur deux languettes du rabat 5a. Le levier 20 est articulé par trois bras parallèles 24, 25, 26, le bras central 25 étant sensiblement plus large que les bras latéraux 24 et 26 et présentant une creusure 27 dans laquelle est engagé un bras de verrouillage 28 présentant à son extrémité une gorge frontale 44 et dont la fonction sera décrite plus loin. Les câbles 22 et 23 sont munis d'une tête de câble 29, respectivement 30, fixée et articulée sur un axe 31 dont les extrémités sont guidées dans deux rainures opposées 32 ménagées dans les faces internes des bras latéraux 24 et 26 et fermées à leurs extrémités, de telle sorte que l'axe 31 peut coulisser dans ces rainures 32. Le bras central 25 présente un dégagement 33 permettant ce déplacement de l'axe 31. Le bras de verrouillage 28 est fixé par l'une de ses extrémités sur un axe transversal 34 pivoté sur un étrier monté sur la même embase que l'étrier 21. Cet axe 34 est muni, à ses extrémités, de bras 35 et 36 dont les extrémités sont munies d'un plot 37, respectivement 38 engagés respectivement dans deux rainures 39 et 40 ménagées sur le côté extérieur des bras latéraux 24 et 26. Ces rainures 39 et 40 sont en forme de circuit présentant deux parties longues sensiblement parallèles aux rainures 32 et deux parties transversales courtes obliques relativement aux parties longues. Le bras de verrouillage 28 est en outre engagé, à sa base, dans une pièce en V 41 dont l'une des branches est traversée par le câble 18 dont l'extrémité de la gaine 42 vient s'appuyer contre l'une des ailes de la pièce en V 41, l'extrémité du câble étant munie d'un plot d'ancrage 43 par lequel il est ancré, de manière pivotante, dans le bras de verrouillage 28.The double loop 11 comprises a lever 20 articulated on a stirrup 21 with several bearings. This lever 20 acts on two cables 22 and 23 anchored on two tabs of the flap 5a. The lever 20 is articulated by three parallel arms 24, 25, 26, the central arm 25 being substantially wider than the lateral arms 24 and 26 and having a recess 27 in which is engaged a locking arm 28 having at its end a groove frontal 44 and whose function will be described later. The cables 22 and 23 are provided with a cable head 29, respectively 30, fixed and articulated on an axis 31, the ends of which are guided in two opposite grooves 32 formed in the internal faces of the lateral arms 24 and 26 and closed at their ends, so that the axis 31 can slide in these grooves 32. The central arm 25 has a clearance 33 allowing this movement of the axis 31. The locking arm 28 is fixed by one of its ends on a transverse axis 34 pivoted on a stirrup mounted on the same base that the stirrup 21. This axis 34 is provided, at its ends, with arms 35 and 36, the ends of which are provided with a stud 37, respectively 38 engaged respectively in two grooves 39 and 40 formed on the outside of the lateral arms 24 and 26. These grooves 39 and 40 are in the form of a circuit having two long parts substantially parallel to the grooves 32 and two short transverse parts oblique relative to the long parts. The locking arm 28 is also engaged, at its base, in a V-shaped part 41, one of the branches of which is crossed by the cable 18, the end of the sheath 42 of which bears against one of the wings of the V-shaped part 41, the end of the cable being provided with an anchoring stud 43 by which it is pivotally anchored in the locking arm 28.

Cette double boucle 11 peut également se décomposer en deux boucles simples indépendantes juxtaposées dont la géométrie permet de les manoeuvrer séparément ou ensemble.This double loop 11 can also be broken down into two independent single juxtaposed loops whose geometry makes it possible to maneuver them separately or together.

Compte tenu du dessin, le fonctionnement de la boucle 11 sera décrit en se référant tantôt au bras latéral 35, tantôt au bras latéral 36.Given the drawing, the operation of the loop 11 will be described with reference sometimes to the lateral arm 35, sometimes to the lateral arm 36.

Dans la position fermée et serrée de la chaussure représentée à la figure 1, les composants de la boucle 11 occupent les positions représentées aux figures 8 et 9. Les plots 37 et 38 sont à l'extrémité avant de la partie supérieure de leur rainure 39, respectivement 40. L'axe 31 est engagé dans la gorge frontale 44 du bras de verrouillage 28 et se trouve bloqué à l'extrémité antérieure des rainures 32 en raison de la traction sur les câbles 22 et 23 et de l'orientation des rainures 32.In the closed and tight position of the shoe represented in FIG. 1, the components of the buckle 11 occupy the positions represented in FIGS. 8 and 9. The studs 37 and 38 are at the front end of the upper part of their groove 39 , respectively 40. The axis 31 is engaged in the front groove 44 of the locking arm 28 and is blocked at the anterior end of the grooves 32 due to the traction on the cables 22 and 23 and the orientation of the grooves 32.

Lorsque l'utilisateur ouvre le crochet 12 comme représenté à la figure 3, la traction sur le câble 18 a pour effet de faire descendre le bras 28 et partant le plot 38 le long de la partie courte oblique antérieure 40a de la rainure en circuit 40, comme représenté à la figure 10. Simultanément, l'axe 31 s'échappe de la gorge 44 et, sous l'effet de la traction des câbles 22 et 23, coulisse jusqu'à l'extrémité postérieure des rainures 32 proche de l'axe d'articulation de la boucle. La tension sur les câbles 22 et 23 est ainsi relâchée et la boucle 11 occupe sa position de relaxation.When the user opens the hook 12 as shown in FIG. 3, the traction on the cable 18 has the effect of lowering the arm 28 and therefore the stud 38 along the short oblique anterior part 40a of the groove in circuit 40 , as shown in Figure 10. Simultaneously, the axis 31 escapes from the groove 44 and, under the effect of the traction of the cables 22 and 23, slides to the rear end of the grooves 32 near the hinge axis of the loop. The tension on the cables 22 and 23 is thus released and the loop 11 occupies its relaxed position.

Lors de l'ouverture de la boucle 11, soit à partir de la position de relaxation représentée à la figure 10, soit à partir de la position serrée représentée à la figure 8, les plots 37 et 38 se déplacent dans la partie inférieure de leur rainure 39 et 40 en occupant successivement les positions du plot 37 représentées aux figures 11, 12, 13. Une fois parvenus à l'autre extrémité de la partie inférieure des rainures 39 et 40, les plots 37 et 38 se déplacent le long de l'autre partie transversale de leur rainure, telle que 40b pour le plot 38, sous l'effet du ressort agissant sur le bras de verrouillage 28 et la gorge frontale 44 de ce bras vient se placer en face de l'axe 31, comme représenté à la figure 14.When the loop 11 is opened, either from the relaxation position shown in FIG. 10, or from the tight position shown in FIG. 8, the studs 37 and 38 move in the lower part of their groove 39 and 40, successively occupying the positions of the pad 37 shown in Figures 11, 12, 13. Once arrived at the other end of the lower part of the grooves 39 and 40, the pads 37 and 38 move along the other transverse part of their groove, such as 40b for the stud 38, under the effect of the spring acting on the locking arm 28 and the front groove 44 of this arm comes to be placed opposite the axis 31, as shown in Figure 14.

A partir de cette position, si la boucle 11 est rabattue (vers la droite dans le dessin), les plots 37 et 38 sont guidés dans la partie supérieure de leur rainure et le bras 28 pousse l'axe 31 en direction de l'extrémité opposée de la boucle et on se retrouve dans la position serrée représentée à la figure 8.From this position, if the loop 11 is folded down (to the right in the drawing), the studs 37 and 38 are guided in the upper part of their groove and the arm 28 pushes the axis 31 towards the end opposite of the loop and we find ourselves in the tight position shown in Figure 8.

Le passage de l'axe 31 de la position représentée à la figure 8 à la position selon la figure 10, c'est-à-dire sa libération de la gorge 44 du bras de verrouillage 28, peut être obtenu d'autres manières, par exemple en exerçant une pression de la main sur le bras de verrouillage 28 ou sur les bras 35 et 36 ou en soulevant légèrement le levier 20, la rampe constituée par la partie oblique des rainures 39 et 40 obligeant les plots 37 et 38 à descendre le long de cette partie. On constate que la descente des plots 37 et 38 a pour effet de faire descendre le bras 28 et par conséquent de repousser le câble 18 dans sa gaine. Il est dès lors possible d'actionner le crochet 12 au moyen de la boucle 11, ce qui permettrait de supprimer le bouton 16 et sa came 17.The passage of the axis 31 from the position shown in FIG. 8 to the position according to FIG. 10, that is to say its release from the groove 44 of the locking arm 28, can be obtained in other ways, for example by exerting a hand pressure on the locking arm 28 or on the arms 35 and 36 or by slightly lifting the lever 20, the ramp formed by the oblique part of the grooves 39 and 40 forcing the studs 37 and 38 to descend along this part. It can be seen that the descent of the studs 37 and 38 has the effect of bringing the arm 28 down and therefore of pushing the cable 18 back into its sheath. It is therefore possible to activate the hook 12 by means of the loop 11, which would make it possible to remove the button 16 and its cam 17.

Le dispositif de verrouillage arrière 10 pourrait être également commandé automatiquement par un câble lors de l'ouverture du crochet 12. Un tel dispositif de commande est décrit dans le brevet FR 2 661 076.The rear locking device 10 could also be automatically controlled by a cable when the hook 12 is opened. Such a control device is described in patent FR 2 661 076.

Dans une exécution simplifiée de la chaussure, le dispositif de verrouillage arrière 10 peut être supprimé, la tige 4 étant maintenue en position de ski par la partie haute de la coque au-dessus du cou-de-pied. Dans cette même version simplifiée, les moyens d'ouverture et de serrage de la tige pourraient être réalisés comme représenté à la figure 15. La boucle avant pourrait être une simple boucle à levier 45 articulée dans un étrier 46 solidaire d'une embase 47 montée coulissante dans une glissière elle-même montée pivotante sur la partie 6 de la tige. La boucle 45 exerce une traction sur un câble ou une courroie 48 reliée à la partie 5 de la tige. Le dispositif de fermeture latéral est constitué d'une boucle conventionnelle 49 à laquelle est attaché un câble auxiliaire 50 dont l'autre extrémité est fixée à l'embase coulissante 47 de la boucle 45. L'ouverture de la boucle 49 provoque une relaxation du câble 50 et par conséquent une relaxation du câble 48 et sa fermeture, le serrage de la tige.In a simplified embodiment of the boot, the rear locking device 10 can be omitted, the upper 4 being held in the ski position by the upper part of the shell above the instep. In this same simplified version, the means for opening and tightening the rod could be produced as shown in FIG. 15. The front loop could be a simple lever loop 45 articulated in a stirrup 46 secured to a base 47 mounted sliding in a slide itself pivotally mounted on part 6 of the rod. The loop 45 exerts traction on a cable or a belt 48 connected to the part 5 of the rod. The lateral closing device consists of a conventional loop 49 to which is attached an auxiliary cable 50, the other end of which is fixed to the sliding base 47 of the loop 45. The opening of the loop 49 causes relaxation of the cable 50 and consequently relaxation of the cable 48 and its closure, tightening of the stem.

La figure 16 représente une troisième forme d'exécution, également simple, dans laquelle la fermeture latérale et le serrage de la partie avant sont assurés par une seule et même boucle 51 montée sur le côté extérieur de la partie 5 de la tige. Cette boucle 51 est reliée par deux câbles 52 et 53 à une plaquette mobile 54 portant deux poulies 55 et 56 sur lesquelles passent deux câbles 57 et 58. Une extrémité de ces câbles 57 et 58 est attachée à deux languettes 59 et 60 solidaires du rabat 5a de la tige, tandis que les autres extrémités de ces câbles 57 et 58 sont ancrées dans la partie 6 au moyen de dispositifs vis/écrou 61, 62 permettant le réglage de la tension sur les câbles. Lors de l'ouverture de la boucle 51, la relaxation des câbles 52 et 53 est multipliée par deux sur les câbles 57 et 58 par les poulies 55 et 56, permettant l'écartement des parties 5 et 6 de la tige et le redressement de la partie 5. Inversement, lors de la fermeture de la boucle 51, la course des câbles 52 et 53 est multipliée par deux par les poulies 55 et 56, assurant un bon serrage de la partie avant.FIG. 16 represents a third embodiment, also simple, in which the lateral closure and the tightening of the front part are ensured by a single and same loop 51 mounted on the external side of the part 5 of the rod. This loop 51 is connected by two cables 52 and 53 to a movable plate 54 carrying two pulleys 55 and 56 over which pass two cables 57 and 58. One end of these cables 57 and 58 is attached to two tabs 59 and 60 integral with the flap 5a of the rod, while the other ends of these cables 57 and 58 are anchored in part 6 by means of screw / nut devices 61, 62 allowing the tension to be adjusted on the cables. When opening the loop 51, the relaxation of the cables 52 and 53 is multiplied by two on the cables 57 and 58 by the pulleys 55 and 56, allowing the spacing of the parts 5 and 6 of the rod and the straightening of part 5. Conversely, when the loop 51 is closed, the travel of the cables 52 and 53 is doubled by the pulleys 55 and 56, ensuring good tightening of the front part.

La boucle 51 peut être une boucle présentant une position intermédiaire de relaxation.The loop 51 may be a loop having an intermediate position of relaxation.

Claims (9)

  1. Shell-type ski boot comprising a lower shell part (1), of variable volume, intended to encase the foot and the heel, and a leg part (4) in two parts forming, in the closed position, a collar articulated on the lower shell part and having, at the front, two superposed flaps (5a, 6a) permitting tightening of the leg part around the leg and equipped with tightening means (11; 45; 55 to 58), the boot also being equipped with means (12, 18, 28; 47, 49, 50; 51, 55, 56) making it possible to release the tightening of the leg part and enabling the leg part to occupy an upright rest and walk position, characterized in that the leg part consists of an inner part (5) extending over approximately 3/4 of the circumference of the leg, comprising all the side of the collar located on the inner side of the boot and one of the front flaps (5a), and of an outer part (6) comprising the other front flap (6a), these two inner and outer parts being applied edge to edge, one against the other, along a closure line (7) located on the outer side of the boot, and in that the boot comprises a lateral device (12; 49; 51) for closing the two parts of the leg part along the said closure line.
  2. Ski boot according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a mechanical link (18; 50; 52, 53) between the lateral closure device and the front tightening means, this link ensuring that the front tightening means move into the relaxation position and the lateral closure device opens at the same time.
  3. Ski boot according to Claim 2, characterized in that the lateral closure device consists of a buckle with a lever/tensioner (49) and in that the front tightening means consist of a buckle comprising a lever (45) articulated on a stirrup piece mounted on a base (47) mounted slidably on the outer part (6) of the leg part, this base being connected to the lateral buckle (49) by a cable (50) or a semi-rigid strip so as to permit a displacement of the base in the direction of relaxation when the lateral buckle is opened.
  4. Ski boot according to Claim 3, characterized in that the base (47) is mounted in a slideway which is itself mounted pivotably on the boot.
  5. Ski boot according to Claim 2, characterized in that it includes, at the rear, a device (10) for locking the leg part in the descent position, inclined forwards, it being possible for this locking device to be actuated by a cable connected to the closure member mounted on the leg part, the said cable being attached to the lateral closure device (12) and actuated by this device when it opens.
  6. Ski boot according to Claim 1, characterized in that the front tightening means consist of a buckle (11) comprising a lever (20) articulated at one of its ends on a support (21) and including at least a first groove (32), closed at its ends, in which a pin (31) connected to a traction member (22, 23) and capable of being displaced from one end to the other of the first groove is engaged, and at least one second groove (39, 40) in the form of a circuit extending at least approximately parallel to the first groove and in which at least one stud (37, 38), integral with a locking arm (28) articulated on the support at a point located under the said lever and subject to the action of a spring pushing the arm in the direction of the lever, is engaged, the first and second grooves being arranged in such a manner that, when the buckle (11) is completely open, the stud of the arm moves from the lower part to the upper part of the circuit (39, 40) and the arm (28) pushes the sliding pin (31) of the traction element and locks it at the end of the first groove (32) opposite the end of the lever and in that the stud (37, 38) moves into the lower part of the circuit-shaped groove (39, 40) when the lever (20) of the buckle and the locking arm (28) are separated from each other, freeing the pin (31) of the traction element which occupies the partially open position.
  7. Ski boot according to Claims 2 and 6, characterized in that the said mechanical link consists of a bicycle cable (18) connecting the lateral closure device (12) to the locking arm (28).
  8. Ski boot according to Claim 7, characterized in that the lateral closure device consists of an L-shaped hook (12) located inside the leg part and controlled by a cam (17) which can be actuated from the outside by a rotary button (16).
  9. ski boot according to Claim 1, characterized in that the closure and front tightening means consist of at least one cable (57) connecting, at the front, the two parts of the leg part (5, 6) and passing over a movable pulley (55) fastened to the end of a cable (52) connected to the lateral closure device (51) and actuated by this device.
EP93810548A 1992-09-17 1993-08-03 Ski boot Expired - Lifetime EP0588757B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2928/92 1992-09-17
CH02928/92A CH688071A5 (en) 1992-09-17 1992-09-17 ski boot.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0588757A1 EP0588757A1 (en) 1994-03-23
EP0588757B1 true EP0588757B1 (en) 1996-01-03

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EP93810548A Expired - Lifetime EP0588757B1 (en) 1992-09-17 1993-08-03 Ski boot

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EP (1) EP0588757B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE132333T1 (en)
CH (1) CH688071A5 (en)
DE (1) DE69301215T2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2922780B1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2010-04-16 Rossignol Sa ARRANGEMENT FOR A CLOSURE AND SECURE CLAMPING DEVICE
ITUD20130089A1 (en) 2013-06-24 2014-12-25 Calzaturificio Dal Bello S R L SKI BOOT, OR SIMILAR FOOTWEAR
ITUB20156243A1 (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-04 Scarpa Calzaturificio Spa SKI BOOT
ITUB20156282A1 (en) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-04 Scarpa Calzaturificio Spa SKI BOOT
ITUB20160338A1 (en) * 2016-01-20 2017-07-20 Am Teknostampi S P A "Lever closure device for sports shoes"

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH424538A (en) * 1963-04-30 1966-11-15 Acfa Accessori Calzature Fibbi Tension clamping device for closing footwear and in particular ski shoes
CH569438A5 (en) * 1974-06-20 1975-11-28 Martin Hans Ski shoe with closing flaps and fastener - has guide section in shaft part and tensioning mechanism fixed to tensioning plate
US4998358A (en) * 1988-08-22 1991-03-12 Aluxa Ag Size-adjustable ski boot
CH682879A5 (en) * 1990-04-24 1993-12-15 Lange Int Sa ski boot.
CH686162A5 (en) * 1992-01-29 1996-01-31 Lange Int Sa ski boot.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69301215T2 (en) 1996-08-14
CH688071A5 (en) 1997-05-15
ATE132333T1 (en) 1996-01-15
DE69301215D1 (en) 1996-02-15
EP0588757A1 (en) 1994-03-23

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