EP0584314B1 - A disposable cartridge for use in machines for extraction and dispensing of hot drinks - Google Patents

A disposable cartridge for use in machines for extraction and dispensing of hot drinks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0584314B1
EP0584314B1 EP93904033A EP93904033A EP0584314B1 EP 0584314 B1 EP0584314 B1 EP 0584314B1 EP 93904033 A EP93904033 A EP 93904033A EP 93904033 A EP93904033 A EP 93904033A EP 0584314 B1 EP0584314 B1 EP 0584314B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rib
cartridge
frusto
end wall
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93904033A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0584314A1 (en
Inventor
Carlo Cordone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Luigi Lavazza SpA
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Luigi Lavazza SpA
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Publication date
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Application filed by Luigi Lavazza SpA filed Critical Luigi Lavazza SpA
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
    • B65D85/804—Disposable containers or packages with contents which are mixed, infused or dissolved in situ, i.e. without having been previously removed from the package
    • B65D85/8043—Packages adapted to allow liquid to pass through the contents
    • B65D85/8049—Details of the inlet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a disposable cartridge comprising a substantially rigid casing which contains a portion of powder, granular or like particulate material for producing a drink by percolation, dissolution or infusion with hot water under pressure, in which the casing comprises a substantially cylindrical hollow body which includes an imperforate side wall, an inlet end wall having a perforated central region and a perforated opposite outlet end wall, and in which the inlet end wall has a compressible outer peripheral annular rib made from plastics material, which surrounds the perforated region and can be engaged under mechanical pressure by a heated plate for introducing hot water under hydraulic pressure into the cartridge through the said central region to produce the drink and dispense it through the outlet end wall.
  • Cartridges of this general type are known from document FR-A-2 041 380.
  • the peripheral annular rib serves as a kind of seal cooperating with the delivery outlet plate of the machine so as peripherally to contain the hot water under pressure which is introduced into the cartridge through the perforated region of its upper wall from the centre of the delivery plate.
  • the plate should press on the annular rib and couple with this in a precise manner to prevent hot water from leaking peripherally before reaching the interior of the cartridge.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a cartridge of the type discussed above in which a perfect sealing coupling between the plate and the annular rib will be guaranteed even in the event that the two parts are not coplanar.
  • this object is achieved by means of a cartridge of the type described above, characterised in that the said annular rib is made from a plastics material having a softening point less than the temperature of boiling water and a melting point greater than that of boiling water such that the rib is partially softenable and deformable under the mechanical pressure exerted by the heated plate (P).
  • the rib has an annular crest which can be flattened under the mechanical pressure of the delivery plate after softening of the plastics material.
  • the rib has a frusto-conical face the vertex of which coincides with the axis of the cartridge and which has an obtuse vertex angle, as well as a radially outer surface forming, with the frusto-conical face, the said flattenable annular crest.
  • the face of the rib has a very shallow inclination towards the centre of the upper wall: gradually as the annular crest softens the plate is able to press on a surface of the rib which rapidly grows as the plate descends and with a corresponding rapid reduction in the specific mechanical pressure on the upper surface of the rib.
  • This reduction in specific pressure corresponds a gradually decreasing softening of the plastics material, and deformation of the rib is finally stopped without the rib becoming entirely softened.
  • a disposable cartridge comprises a hollow body or casing, generally indicated 10.
  • the hollow body 10 has a substantially cylindrical form and is able to contain a portion of a granular, powder or particulate material M (Figure 2) able to produce a drink by percolation, dissolution or infusion with hot water under pressure.
  • Figure 2 a granular, powder or particulate material M
  • Figure 2 able to produce a drink by percolation, dissolution or infusion with hot water under pressure.
  • the hollow body 10 includes a cup-shaped part, generally indicated 12, and a part constituting a cover, generally indicated 14. Both the parts 12 and 14 can be made economically in substantially rigid plastics material suitable for use with foods. The use of a plastics material is not however limitative except for the characteristics which will be described further below.
  • a convenient material for producing the parts 12 and 14 is a polypropylene which, in order to achieve the objects of the invention which will be discussed, has a softening temperature around 100°C.
  • the cup-shaped part 12 includes an imperforate substantially cylindrical side wall 16 which constitutes the side wall of the casing 10, and a bottom wall 18 which constitutes an outlet end wall of the casing 10.
  • the bottom wall 18 is surrounded by an annular rib 19 which serves to form a seal on a lower plate or like element on which the cartridge can be supported by its lower wall.
  • the bottom wall 18 is perforated and can have a plurality of holes, as illustrated for example in document EP-A-0 041 931, or a single central hole, as described and illustrated in document EP-A-0 057 671.
  • the cover 14 includes a perforated circular central region 20 which constitutes an inlet end wall of the casing 10.
  • the central region 20 is surrounded outwardly by a peripheral annular flange 22 coupled to a corresponding annular flange 24 formed integrally with the upper edge of the side wall 16 of the cup-shaped part 12.
  • the central region 20 can have a plurality of holes, as shown, or other apertures, or one or more peripheral holes as in document EP-A-0 057 671 to which reference is made.
  • the outer peripheral annular rib 26 which surrounds the perforated central region 20 of the inlet end wall has a frusto-conical face 28 the vertex of which is coincident with the axis of the cartridge.
  • the vertex angle of the frusto-conical face 28 is obtuse. This vertex angle is preferably almost flat, with a value of the order of 175°.
  • the annular rib 26 is delimited by a radially outer surface 30 which forms, with the frusto conical face 28, a circular crest or annular apex 32.
  • a radially outer surface 30 which forms, with the frusto conical face 28, a circular crest or annular apex 32.
  • the front face 28 and radially outer face 30 form between them an angle equal to about 90°.
  • a preferred material at least for the rib 26 and preferably for the whole of the body 10 is a food grade polypropylene having a softening point slightly less than the temperature of boiling water, but a melting point higher than the temperature of boiling water (for example 110°C).
  • the reference letter P indicates a metal plate which forms part of a coffee machine or other machine for the extraction of a drink starting from the material M ( Figure 2) contained in the cartridge.
  • the machine can be of the type described and illustrated in document EP-A-0 041 931.
  • the plate P has a central hole for the delivery of hot water, for example at a temperature of 90°C and at a pressure between 1 and 1,5 MPa (10 and 15 bar respectively).
  • the plate P For delivery of hot water under pressure the plate P has been lowered or otherwise pressed in the direction of the arrow F onto the annular rib 26.
  • the temperature of the plate P is substantially equal to that of the hot water, that is to say of the order of 90°C.
  • the plate P Under the mechanical pressure exerted in the direction of the arrow F the plate P has softened and deformed first the annular apex 32 and then, partially, the upper part of the rib 26.
  • reference numeral 26a represents the integral part of the rib 26 before softening and the reference 26b indicates the bulge deriving from the softened part 28a underlying the apex 32.
  • the flat pressure surface S of the plate P has largely transformed the initially frusto-conical face 28 into a flat face 28a which seals against the surface S of the plate P thus guaranteeing an hermetic seal against the escape of hot water under pressure from the space, indicated 32, lying between the perforated central region 20 of the cover 14 and the corresponding central region of the plate P.
  • the plastics material of the annular rib 26, softened and deformed under the effect of the heat does not melt due to the fact that its temperature does not exceed about 100°C which is the temperature of the water introduced into the cartridge. It remains in what may be called a "rubbery" state and in this state behaves practically as a resilient seal to the advantage of the sealing effect.

Landscapes

  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)
  • Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Reverberation, Karaoke And Other Acoustics (AREA)
  • Vacuum Packaging (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Preparing Plates And Mask In Photomechanical Process (AREA)
  • Tea And Coffee (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

An inlet end wall of the cartridge has an outer peripheral annular rib (26) which surrounds a perforated region (20) and can be engaged under mechanical pressure by a heated plate (P) for introducing hot water into the cartridge. The annular rib (26) is made of a plastics material, such as polypropylene, which can be softened at the temperature to which the water delivery plate (p) is heated.

Description

  • The present invention relates to a disposable cartridge comprising a substantially rigid casing which contains a portion of powder, granular or like particulate material for producing a drink by percolation, dissolution or infusion with hot water under pressure, in which the casing comprises a substantially cylindrical hollow body which includes an imperforate side wall, an inlet end wall having a perforated central region and a perforated opposite outlet end wall, and in which the inlet end wall has a compressible outer peripheral annular rib made from plastics material, which surrounds the perforated region and can be engaged under mechanical pressure by a heated plate for introducing hot water under hydraulic pressure into the cartridge through the said central region to produce the drink and dispense it through the outlet end wall.
  • Cartridges of this general type are known from document FR-A-2 041 380.
  • The peripheral annular rib serves as a kind of seal cooperating with the delivery outlet plate of the machine so as peripherally to contain the hot water under pressure which is introduced into the cartridge through the perforated region of its upper wall from the centre of the delivery plate.
  • Given that the pressure of the hot water delivered by the delivery plate is of the order of 1-1,5 MPa (10-15 bar), it is desirable that the plate should press on the annular rib and couple with this in a precise manner to prevent hot water from leaking peripherally before reaching the interior of the cartridge.
  • Notwithstanding that the annular rib of document FR-A-2 041 380 is compressible, it often happens that this coupling is not perfect due to the fact that the plate and the top of the rib are not coplanar.
  • The object of the present invention is to provide a cartridge of the type discussed above in which a perfect sealing coupling between the plate and the annular rib will be guaranteed even in the event that the two parts are not coplanar.
  • According to the invention this object is achieved by means of a cartridge of the type described above, characterised in that the said annular rib is made from a plastics material having a softening point less than the temperature of boiling water and a melting point greater than that of boiling water such that the rib is partially softenable and deformable under the mechanical pressure exerted by the heated plate (P).
  • Preferably the rib has an annular crest which can be flattened under the mechanical pressure of the delivery plate after softening of the plastics material.
  • In the preferred embodiment the rib has a frusto-conical face the vertex of which coincides with the axis of the cartridge and which has an obtuse vertex angle, as well as a radially outer surface forming, with the frusto-conical face, the said flattenable annular crest.
  • With this arrangement the deformation of the rib under the effect of the heat accommodates all defects due to the rib and the plate not being coplanar, thus guaranteeing a perfect water tight seal under pressure.
  • In the preferred embodiment the face of the rib has a very shallow inclination towards the centre of the upper wall: gradually as the annular crest softens the plate is able to press on a surface of the rib which rapidly grows as the plate descends and with a corresponding rapid reduction in the specific mechanical pressure on the upper surface of the rib. With this reduction in specific pressure corresponds a gradually decreasing softening of the plastics material, and deformation of the rib is finally stopped without the rib becoming entirely softened.
  • The object of the invention will be understood better from a reading of the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment, given by way non-limitative example and illustrated in the attached drawings.
  • In the drawings:
    • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a cartridge provided with an annular rib according to the invention;
    • Figure 2 is a diametral section on an enlarged scale of the same cartridge;
    • Figure 3 is a partial section, further enlarged, of the region enclosed by the circle III in Figure 2; and
    • Figure 4 is a partial section corresponding to that of Figure 3, in which a part of a water delivery plate pressed on the annular rib is schematically shown, with the rib having been deformed by the effect of the heat and the mechanical pressure exerted by the plate.
  • Referring now to Figures 1 and 2, a disposable cartridge comprises a hollow body or casing, generally indicated 10. The hollow body 10 has a substantially cylindrical form and is able to contain a portion of a granular, powder or particulate material M (Figure 2) able to produce a drink by percolation, dissolution or infusion with hot water under pressure. As far as the machine for use of the cartridge is concerned, reference is made for example to document EP-A-0 041 931 which relates to an automatic coffee machine capable of utilising a cartridge such as that described and illustrated in the attached drawings.
  • The hollow body 10 includes a cup-shaped part, generally indicated 12, and a part constituting a cover, generally indicated 14. Both the parts 12 and 14 can be made economically in substantially rigid plastics material suitable for use with foods. The use of a plastics material is not however limitative except for the characteristics which will be described further below.
  • A convenient material for producing the parts 12 and 14 is a polypropylene which, in order to achieve the objects of the invention which will be discussed, has a softening temperature around 100°C.
  • The cup-shaped part 12 includes an imperforate substantially cylindrical side wall 16 which constitutes the side wall of the casing 10, and a bottom wall 18 which constitutes an outlet end wall of the casing 10. The bottom wall 18 is surrounded by an annular rib 19 which serves to form a seal on a lower plate or like element on which the cartridge can be supported by its lower wall.
  • The bottom wall 18 is perforated and can have a plurality of holes, as illustrated for example in document EP-A-0 041 931, or a single central hole, as described and illustrated in document EP-A-0 057 671.
  • The cover 14 includes a perforated circular central region 20 which constitutes an inlet end wall of the casing 10. The central region 20 is surrounded outwardly by a peripheral annular flange 22 coupled to a corresponding annular flange 24 formed integrally with the upper edge of the side wall 16 of the cup-shaped part 12.
  • The central region 20 can have a plurality of holes, as shown, or other apertures, or one or more peripheral holes as in document EP-A-0 057 671 to which reference is made.
  • The outer face of the perforated central region 20 of the cover 14 is surrounded by an outer peripheral annular rib 26 the function of which will now be explained with reference to Figures 3 and 4.
  • Referring to Figure 3, the outer peripheral annular rib 26 which surrounds the perforated central region 20 of the inlet end wall has a frusto-conical face 28 the vertex of which is coincident with the axis of the cartridge. The vertex angle of the frusto-conical face 28 is obtuse. This vertex angle is preferably almost flat, with a value of the order of 175°.
  • The annular rib 26 is delimited by a radially outer surface 30 which forms, with the frusto conical face 28, a circular crest or annular apex 32. Preferably, at least in the region of the annular apex 32, the front face 28 and radially outer face 30 form between them an angle equal to about 90°.
  • A preferred material at least for the rib 26 and preferably for the whole of the body 10 is a food grade polypropylene having a softening point slightly less than the temperature of boiling water, but a melting point higher than the temperature of boiling water (for example 110°C).
  • In Figure 4 the reference letter P indicates a metal plate which forms part of a coffee machine or other machine for the extraction of a drink starting from the material M (Figure 2) contained in the cartridge. The machine can be of the type described and illustrated in document EP-A-0 041 931.
  • The plate P has a central hole for the delivery of hot water, for example at a temperature of 90°C and at a pressure between 1 and 1,5 MPa (10 and 15 bar respectively).
  • For delivery of hot water under pressure the plate P has been lowered or otherwise pressed in the direction of the arrow F onto the annular rib 26. The temperature of the plate P is substantially equal to that of the hot water, that is to say of the order of 90°C.
  • Under the mechanical pressure exerted in the direction of the arrow F the plate P has softened and deformed first the annular apex 32 and then, partially, the upper part of the rib 26.
  • In Figure 4 reference numeral 26a represents the integral part of the rib 26 before softening and the reference 26b indicates the bulge deriving from the softened part 28a underlying the apex 32. As can be seen, the flat pressure surface S of the plate P has largely transformed the initially frusto-conical face 28 into a flat face 28a which seals against the surface S of the plate P thus guaranteeing an hermetic seal against the escape of hot water under pressure from the space, indicated 32, lying between the perforated central region 20 of the cover 14 and the corresponding central region of the plate P.
  • The plastics material of the annular rib 26, softened and deformed under the effect of the heat does not melt due to the fact that its temperature does not exceed about 100°C which is the temperature of the water introduced into the cartridge. It remains in what may be called a "rubbery" state and in this state behaves practically as a resilient seal to the advantage of the sealing effect.
  • As can be seen in Figure 4, the contact interface between the plate P and the rib 26, corresponding to the reference 28a, obtained by the thermal deformation of the plastics material of the apex 32 and the remaining part of the rib 26, occupies a major part of the initially frusto-conical surface thus guaranteeing a specific mechanical pressure in the direction of the arrow F such as not to cause complete softening of the rib 26 which would give rise to the loss of the sealing effect.

Claims (6)

  1. A disposable cartridge comprising a substantially rigid casing (10) which contains a portion of granular, powder or like particulate material (M) for producing a drink by percolation, dissolution or infusion with hot water under pressure, in which the casing comprises a substantially cylindrical hollow body (10) which includes an imperforate side wall (16), an inlet end wall having a perforated central region and an opposite, perforated outlet end wall (18), and in which the inlet end wall has a compressible outer peripheral annular rib (26) made from plastics material, which surrounds the perforated region (20) and can be engaged under mechanical pressure by a heated plate (P) for introduction of hot water under hydraulic pressure into the cartridge through the said central region (20) for production of the drink and its delivery through the outlet end wall (18), characterised in that the said annular rib (26) is made from a plastics material having a softening point less than the temperature of boiling water and a melting point greater than that of boiling water such that the rib (26) is partially softenable and deformable under the mechanical pressure exerted by the heated plate (P).
  2. A cartridge according to Claim 1, characterised in that the face of the rib (26) has an annular crest (32) flattenable, due to the softening effect of the plastics material, under the mechanical pressure of the delivery plate (P).
  3. A cartridge according to Claim 2, characterised in that the rib (26) has a frusto-conical face (28) the vertex of which lies on the axis of the cartridge and has an obtuse vertex angle, and a radially outer surface (30) forming, with the frusto-conical front face (28), the said flattenable annular crest (32).
  4. A cartridge according to Claim 3, characterised in that the obtuse vertex angle of the frusto-conical front face (28) is of the order of 175°C.
  5. A cartridge according to Claim 3 or Claim 4, characterised in that at least in the region of the flattenable annular crest (32) the said frusto-conical front face (28) and radially outer face (30) form between them an angle of or close to 90°C.
  6. A cartridge according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the material of the rib (26) is polypropylene.
EP93904033A 1992-03-04 1993-03-02 A disposable cartridge for use in machines for extraction and dispensing of hot drinks Expired - Lifetime EP0584314B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO920180 1992-03-04
ITTO920180A IT1256690B (en) 1992-03-04 1992-03-04 DISPOSABLE CAPSULE FOR USE IN THE MACHINES FOR THE EXTRACTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF HOT DRINKS.
PCT/EP1993/000465 WO1993017932A1 (en) 1992-03-04 1993-03-02 A disposable cartridge for use in machines for extraction and dispensing of hot drinks

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0584314A1 EP0584314A1 (en) 1994-03-02
EP0584314B1 true EP0584314B1 (en) 1996-07-10

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ID=11410155

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93904033A Expired - Lifetime EP0584314B1 (en) 1992-03-04 1993-03-02 A disposable cartridge for use in machines for extraction and dispensing of hot drinks

Country Status (23)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0584314B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3222137B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100245232B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE140200T1 (en)
AU (1) AU652688B2 (en)
BG (1) BG61177B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2108753C (en)
CZ (1) CZ281932B6 (en)
DE (1) DE69303555T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0584314T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2090968T3 (en)
FI (1) FI109988B (en)
GR (1) GR3021255T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1005177A1 (en)
HU (1) HU215487B (en)
IT (1) IT1256690B (en)
NO (1) NO300766B1 (en)
PL (1) PL171494B1 (en)
RO (1) RO112018B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2088133C1 (en)
SK (1) SK278637B6 (en)
TR (1) TR27136A (en)
WO (1) WO1993017932A1 (en)

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FR2970242B1 (en) * 2011-01-11 2013-01-11 Klein Philippe Solenne Rateau REUSABLE CAPSULE FOR USE IN A MACHINE USING HOT PRESSURE WATER, EQUIPPED WITH A CAPSULE CAGE, FOR PRODUCING A BEVERAGE
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PL225608B1 (en) 2015-04-30 2017-04-28 Mokate Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością Capsule for beverages
PL236781B1 (en) 2015-04-30 2021-02-22 Mokate Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Capsule for beverages and method for obtaining beverages
GB2550106B (en) 2016-03-24 2018-08-29 Cambdev Ltd Coffee brewing system
GB201708215D0 (en) 2017-05-23 2017-07-05 Cambdev Ltd Apparatus for preparing herbal infusions
GB201715365D0 (en) 2017-09-22 2017-11-08 Cambdev Ltd Coffee brewing apparatus
GB201719682D0 (en) 2017-11-27 2018-01-10 Cambdev Ltd Improved extraction sleeve coffee brewing apparatus
GB201719683D0 (en) 2017-11-27 2018-01-10 Cambdev Ltd Improved extraction sleeve coffee infusion
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CN111713977A (en) * 2019-03-18 2020-09-29 黄发荣 Ward water dispenser module equipment belt

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WO2012164521A1 (en) 2011-05-31 2012-12-06 Luigi Lavazza S.P.A. Capsule, machine, system and method for preparing beverage, particularly espresso coffee
WO2013150480A1 (en) 2012-04-06 2013-10-10 Luigi Lavazza S.P.A. Positioning and extraction assembly for a machine for the preparation of a beverage using capsules
US10743707B2 (en) 2012-12-14 2020-08-18 Luigi Lavazza S.P.A Capsule or cartridge and infusion assembly for the preparation of a beverage, in particular coffee
US9783361B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-10-10 Starbucks Corporation Stretchable beverage cartridges and methods
WO2015002563A1 (en) 2013-07-04 2015-01-08 Novadelta - Comércio E Indústria De Cafés S.A. Capsule for edible product and method for using said capsule
US9877495B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2018-01-30 Starbucks Corporation Method of making a sweetened soluble beverage product
US10820607B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2020-11-03 Starbucks Corporation Soluble beverages with enhanced flavors and aromas
CN107922108A (en) * 2015-08-19 2018-04-17 路易吉·拉瓦扎股份公司 It is used to prepare the cylinder and method for the production thereof of fluid product
CN107922108B (en) * 2015-08-19 2020-05-19 路易吉·拉瓦扎股份公司 Cartridge for preparing a liquid product and method for the production thereof

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CA2108753A1 (en) 1993-09-05
BG98193A (en) 1994-12-02
DE69303555D1 (en) 1996-08-14
NO300766B1 (en) 1997-07-21
SK278637B6 (en) 1997-12-10
FI934860A (en) 1993-11-03
PL171494B1 (en) 1997-05-30
CZ234993A3 (en) 1994-03-16
GR3021255T3 (en) 1997-01-31
IT1256690B (en) 1995-12-12
JPH06507568A (en) 1994-09-01
ITTO920180A0 (en) 1992-03-04
DE69303555T2 (en) 1996-12-12
ATE140200T1 (en) 1996-07-15
FI109988B (en) 2002-11-15
HU215487B (en) 1999-01-28
FI934860A0 (en) 1993-11-03
NO933952D0 (en) 1993-11-02
NO933952L (en) 1993-11-02
RO112018B1 (en) 1997-04-30
JP3222137B2 (en) 2001-10-22
AU3499693A (en) 1993-10-05
HK1005177A1 (en) 1998-12-24
HUT66119A (en) 1994-09-28
CZ281932B6 (en) 1997-04-16
SK119893A3 (en) 1994-04-06
AU652688B2 (en) 1994-09-01
KR100245232B1 (en) 2000-03-02
BG61177B1 (en) 1997-02-28
ITTO920180A1 (en) 1993-09-04
CA2108753C (en) 2004-05-25
HU9303132D0 (en) 1994-01-28
WO1993017932A1 (en) 1993-09-16
DK0584314T3 (en) 1996-11-18
RU2088133C1 (en) 1997-08-27
EP0584314A1 (en) 1994-03-02
ES2090968T3 (en) 1996-10-16
TR27136A (en) 1994-11-09

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