EP0581707B1 - Struktur zur Energieaufnahme, insbesondere für Eisenbahnfahrzeuge - Google Patents

Struktur zur Energieaufnahme, insbesondere für Eisenbahnfahrzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0581707B1
EP0581707B1 EP93440051A EP93440051A EP0581707B1 EP 0581707 B1 EP0581707 B1 EP 0581707B1 EP 93440051 A EP93440051 A EP 93440051A EP 93440051 A EP93440051 A EP 93440051A EP 0581707 B1 EP0581707 B1 EP 0581707B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
structure according
profiles
cutouts
cross member
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93440051A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0581707A1 (de
Inventor
Marwan Dannawi
Louis Marie Cleon
Aloise Fuchs
Bernard Tritz
Gérard Bich
Paul Preiss
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De Dietrich et Cie SA
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De Dietrich et Cie SA
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Publication of EP0581707A1 publication Critical patent/EP0581707A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D15/00—Other railway vehicles, e.g. scaffold cars; Adaptations of vehicles for use on railways
    • B61D15/06—Buffer cars; Arrangements or construction of railway vehicles for protecting them in case of collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/06—End walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F1/00—Underframes
    • B61F1/08—Details
    • B61F1/10—End constructions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle construction, in particular railway, and in particular the free end structures of all vehicles, and relates to an energy absorbing structure for such vehicles.
  • US-A-4 702 515 and DE-A-2 509 351 disclose deformable structures intended to equip motorized vehicles and absorbing, during an impact, by plastic deformation, a significant part of the energy of said shock.
  • Document DE-A-2 509 351 provides for the mounting of such an absorbent structure at the end of a vehicle.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing an energy-absorbing structure, in particular for railway vehicles, allowing the total deformation of a space, while ensuring the protection of the passenger space.
  • the energy-absorbing structure in a vehicle in particular a rail vehicle, which consists of a zone deformable by dynamic plastic buckling of its structural elements, said zone being provided at at least one or at both ends of the vehicle, is characterized in that the deformable zone by dynamic plastic buckling of its structural elements forms a luggage compartment, an access platform, or the like, with the possibility of bilateral access, between a mobile end frame and a fixed frame delimiting the end of the passenger space, the mobile end frame being constituted by anti-collision uprights, by an upper crossmember and by a head crossmember, on which the coupling and the buffers are fixed and an anti-overlapping device guaranteeing a good distribution of forces.
  • the energy absorbing structure for vehicles in particular rail vehicles, shown by way of example in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings, consists of a zone 1 deformable by dynamic plastic buckling of its structural elements 2, said zone 1 being provided for at least one or both ends of the vehicle 3 and advantageously forming a luggage compartment, an access platform, or the like, with the possibility of bilateral access, between a mobile end frame 4 and a fixed frame 5 delimiting the end of the passenger area.
  • the movable end frame 4 is constituted by anti-collision uprights 6, by an upper cross member 7 and by a head cross member 8, on which the hitch 9 is fixed, as well as the buffers 10 and advantageously a device for anti-overlap ensuring good distribution of forces.
  • the coupling 9 and the buffers 10 are of known type and are shown in the accompanying drawing only by their center line.
  • the anti-overlapping devices are also not shown in the accompanying drawing and may in particular be of the type described in French patent application No. 91 11407.
  • the fixed frame 5 is advantageously in the form of a rigid hoop 11, bearing on the complete section of the vehicle 3 and connected to a lower cross member 12.
  • the latter may, in particular, form a pivot cross member of a railway vehicle.
  • the structural elements 2 are deformable in a predetermined direction and are formed by profiles forming, respectively, central beams 13 and stretchers 14 connecting the head cross member 8 of the movable frame 4 to the lower cross member 12 of the fixed frame 5 and leaves 15 connecting the upper cross member 7 of the movable frame 4 to the arch 11 of the fixed frame 5.
  • the deformable zone 1 is advantageously intended to carry out an energy absorption by plastic buckling of the structural elements 2 without having recourse to energy absorbers added to the structure of the vehicle.
  • the profiles constituting the elements 2 forming the central beams 13, the stretchers 14 and the leaves 15, are double-core profiles I and can be produced by extrusion and machining or by mechanical welding, the cutouts 16 being advantageously produced by machining.
  • the double-core profiles I constituting the elements 2 are shaped to deform by oriented plastic buckling, taking place by successive deformations in the longitudinal axis of said profiles.
  • the profiles forming the central beams 13, the stretchers 14 and the leaves 15, are advantageously made of a ductile material allowing a significant elongation and are provided, in the plane of their preferential deformation , of cutouts 16.
  • These cutouts 16 are preferably in the form of oblong holes. So the forecast holes 16 make it possible to weaken the profiles under a compression load and the existence of circular arcs at the ends of said cutouts 16 makes it possible to direct the plastic buckling of said profiles perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said cutouts 16.
  • These profiles may have, if necessary, a prior plastic buckling of the walls corresponding to the longitudinal edges of the cutouts 16 by bending.
  • these sections 13 to 15 forming the elements 2 no longer fulfill the elastic function of the structure and are only intended to form an energy absorbing element and the peak in force from the start of the buckling is eliminated.
  • the elements 2 can be constituted by a juxtaposition and / or a superposition of several simple sections, the parts of which provided with cutouts 16 extend parallel and / or perpendicularly to each other, in the same plane or in parallel and / or perpendicular planes.
  • cutouts 16 extend parallel and / or perpendicularly to each other, in the same plane or in parallel and / or perpendicular planes.
  • the leaves 15 are assembled together by stiffening connection profiles 17 and the central beams 13 and the stretchers 14 are also assembled together by other stiffening connection profiles 18, these sections 17 and 18 being advantageously connected to sections 13 to 15 at locations corresponding to an interval between two cuts 16 and at a frequency of one or more cuts.
  • cutouts 16 are defined in order to guarantee a preferred plastic buckling order of the different stages, this order being the same for all the elements 2 connected together.
  • the central beams 13 and the stretchers 14 are advantageously embedded and bearing in the head cross member 8 of the movable frame 4 and in the lower cross member 12 of the fixed frame 5 and the leaves 15 are embedded and bearing in the upper cross member 7 of the frame mobile 4 and in the arch 11 of the fixed frame 5, their fixing being provided by welding, by riveting, by bolting or the like.
  • the invention it is possible to carry out an energy absorption, over a considerable length, at one end of a vehicle striking another vehicle or an obstacle, said energy absorption being carried out by progressive plastic buckling of said profiles. in the form of a reduction in length and with a limitation of the transverse deformation.
  • Such buckling is in particular made possible by means of a rigid mobile frame distributing the shock over all of the sections. This distribution can also be improved by the joint implementation of anti-overlapping devices.
  • the elastic behavior of the structure guarantees the resistance to the stresses to which the vehicle is subjected under normal traffic conditions, as well as during light impacts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Energieaufnehmende Anordnung an einem Fahrzeug, insbesondere einem Schienfahrzeug, mit einem durch plastisches, dynamisches Ausknicken ihrer Anordnungsbestandteile (2) verformbaren Bereich (1), wobei der genannte Bereich (1) an mindestens einem oder an beiden Enden des Fahrzeugs (3) vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der durch plastisches, dynamisches Ausknicken seiner Anordnungsbestandteile (2) verformbare Bereich (1) zwischen einem beweglichen Rahmen (4) am Ende und einem stationären Rahmen (5) vorgesehen ist, der das Ende des Fahrgastraums abgrenzt, einen Gepäckraum, einen Einstiegvorraum, oder einem Raum entsprechend mit einer Einstiegmöglichkeit auf zwei Seiten bildet, wobei der bewegliche Rahmen (4) am Ende Stoßdämpfer (6), einen oberen Querträger (7) und einen Pufferträger (8) umfaßt, auf dem die Kuppelvorrichtung (9) sowie die Stoßdämpfer (10) und eine Überlappung verhindernde Einrichtung befestigt sind, die eine gute Verteilung der Belastungen gewährleistet.
  2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der stationäre Rahmen (5) in Form eines starren Bogens (11) als Auflage auf dem gesamten Querschnitt des Fahrzeugs (3) und verbunden mit einem unteren Querträger (12) ausgelegt ist.
  3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der untere Querträger der Drehgestellquerträger eines Schienfahrzeugs ist.
  4. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anordnungsbestandteile (2) in einer vorbestimmten Richtung verformbar sind und aus doppelwandigen I-Profilträgern bestehen, die jeweils mittlere Längsträger (13) und Längsträger (14), die den Pufferträger (8) des beweglichen Rahmens (4) mit dem unteren Querträger (12) des stationären Rahmens (5) verbinden, und Flügel (15) bilden, die den oberen Querträger (7) des beweglichen Rahmens (4) mit dem Bogen (11) des stationären Rahmens (5) verbinden.
  5. Anordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Profilträger, die die Anordnungselemente (2) bilden, derart ausgebildet sind, daß sie sich durch plastisches, orientiertes Ausknick verformen, das durch aufeinanderfolgende Verformungen in der Längsachse der genannten Profilträger erfolgt.
  6. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Profilträger, die die mittleren Längsträger (13), die Längsträger (14) und die Flügel (15) bilden, aus einem duktilen Material hergestellt sind, das eine beträchtliche Dehnung gestattet, und in der Ebene ihrer bevorzugten Verformung mit Ausstanzungen (16) versehen sind.
  7. Anordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausstanzungen (16) in Form von Langlöchern ausgebildet sind.
  8. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Profilträger, die die Anordnungsbestandteile (2) bilden, welche die mittleren Längsträger (13), die Längsträger (14) und die Flügel (15) bilden, durch Extrusion und maschinelle Bearbeitung oder durch maschinelles Schweißen gefertigt werden, wobei die Ausstanzungen (16) durch maschinelle Bearbeitung hergestellt werden.
  9. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Profilträger, die die Anordnungsbestandteile (2) bilden, ein plastisches, gesteuertes, vorausgehendes Ausknicken der Seitenwände entsprechend den Längskanten der Ausstanzungen (16) durch Biegen ermöglichen.
  10. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 4 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anordnungsbestandteile (2) eine Nebeneinanderanordnung und/oder einer Übereinanderanordnung mehrerer einfacher Profilträger umfassen, deren mit Ausstanzungen (16) versehene Teile in derselben Ebene oder in parallelen und/oder vertikalen Ebenen zueinander parallel und/oder vertikal liegen.
  11. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 4, 6 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flügel (15) durch versteifende Verbindungsprofilträger (17) miteinander verbunden sind und die mittleren Längsträger (13) und die Längsträger (14) durch weitere versteifende Verbindungsprofilträger (18) ebenfalls miteinander verbunden sind, wobei diese Profilträger (17 und 18) mit den Profilträgern (13 bis 15) an Stellen verbunden sind, die einem zwischen zwei Ausstanzungen (16) eingeschlossenen Zwischenraum liegen und einen Abstand von einem oder mehreren Ausschnitten haben.
  12. Anordnung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausstanzungen (16) derart vorgegeben sind, daß das plastische, bevorzugte Ausknicken der Anordnung in mehreren vorbestimmten Stufen erfolgt, wobei diese Anordnung bei allen miteinander verbundenen Anordnungsbestandteile (2) gleich ist.
  13. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 4, 6, 8 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Längsträger (14) um 90° um ihre Längsachse gedreht sind, so daß ihre Verformungsebenen zu jenen der mittleren Längsträger (13) senkrecht sind.
  14. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 4, 6, 8, 11 und 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mittleren Längsträger (13) und die Längsträger (14) sowohl als Auflage in den Pufferträger (8) des beweglichen Rahmens (4) als auch in den unteren Querträger (12) des stationären Rahmens (5) eingelegt sind und die Flügel (15) sowohl als Auflage in den oberen Querträger (7) des beweglichen Rahmens (4) als auch in den Bogen (11) des stationären Rahmens (5) eingelegt sind, sowie zu ihrer Befestigung ein Schweißen, Vernieten, Verschrauben oder dergleichen erfolgt.
EP93440051A 1992-07-28 1993-06-30 Struktur zur Energieaufnahme, insbesondere für Eisenbahnfahrzeuge Expired - Lifetime EP0581707B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9209503A FR2694255B1 (fr) 1992-07-28 1992-07-28 Structure absorbeuse d'énergie, en particulier pour véhicules ferroviaires.
FR9209503 1992-07-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0581707A1 EP0581707A1 (de) 1994-02-02
EP0581707B1 true EP0581707B1 (de) 1997-08-20

Family

ID=9432495

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93440051A Expired - Lifetime EP0581707B1 (de) 1992-07-28 1993-06-30 Struktur zur Energieaufnahme, insbesondere für Eisenbahnfahrzeuge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0581707B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE157057T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69313214T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2108853T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2694255B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016004866A1 (zh) * 2014-07-10 2016-01-14 姜立平 弹性结构防撞框体

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2765543B1 (fr) 1997-07-02 2005-01-07 Alstom Ddf Vehicule ferroviaire comportant au moins un module d'extremite interchangeable
AT408875B (de) * 2000-02-18 2002-03-25 Siemens Sgp Verkehrstech Gmbh Deformationselement eines schienenfahrzeuges
JP4912559B2 (ja) * 2002-09-11 2012-04-11 株式会社日立製作所 軌条車両
GB2411630A (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-09-07 Bombardier Transp Gmbh Vehicle cabin frame with yieldable regions
GB2411631A (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-09-07 Bombardier Transp Gmbh Shock absorbing girder for supporting a railway vehicle body
JP4912614B2 (ja) * 2005-05-09 2012-04-11 株式会社日立製作所 軌条車両
JP5179053B2 (ja) * 2006-05-10 2013-04-10 株式会社日立製作所 衝突エネルギー吸収装置及びそれを備えた軌条車両
EP1873037B1 (de) * 2006-05-10 2011-12-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Vorrichtung zur Absorption von Kollisionsenergie und Schienenfahrzeug mit der Vorrichtung
JP5092323B2 (ja) 2006-09-08 2012-12-05 株式会社日立製作所 軌条車両
JP4845688B2 (ja) * 2006-11-21 2011-12-28 株式会社日立製作所 車両
JP5161251B2 (ja) * 2010-03-25 2013-03-13 株式会社日立製作所 衝撃吸収構造を備える鉄道車両
JP5209666B2 (ja) * 2010-05-10 2013-06-12 日本車輌製造株式会社 鉄道車両
WO2011142208A1 (ja) * 2010-05-10 2011-11-17 日本車輌製造株式会社 鉄道車両
WO2013161610A1 (ja) * 2012-04-25 2013-10-31 株式会社 日立製作所 衝撃吸収構造を備える鉄道車両構体
WO2014010001A1 (ja) * 2012-07-12 2014-01-16 川崎重工業株式会社 鉄道車両
DE102012221564A1 (de) * 2012-11-26 2014-05-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wagenkastenteil

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB318133A (en) * 1928-08-28 1930-08-07 Max Tessmer Improved means for lessening the effects of collisions between railway vehicles
US3912295A (en) * 1974-03-04 1975-10-14 Budd Co Crash energy-attenuating means for a vehicle frame construction
JPS61287871A (ja) * 1985-06-17 1986-12-18 Toyota Motor Corp 自動車のサイドメンバ

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016004866A1 (zh) * 2014-07-10 2016-01-14 姜立平 弹性结构防撞框体

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2694255B1 (fr) 1994-10-28
ATE157057T1 (de) 1997-09-15
DE69313214D1 (de) 1997-09-25
FR2694255A1 (fr) 1994-02-04
ES2108853T3 (es) 1998-01-01
EP0581707A1 (de) 1994-02-02
DE69313214T2 (de) 1998-04-30

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