EP0581140A1 - Clamping device for panels especially glass panes - Google Patents

Clamping device for panels especially glass panes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0581140A1
EP0581140A1 EP93111427A EP93111427A EP0581140A1 EP 0581140 A1 EP0581140 A1 EP 0581140A1 EP 93111427 A EP93111427 A EP 93111427A EP 93111427 A EP93111427 A EP 93111427A EP 0581140 A1 EP0581140 A1 EP 0581140A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clamping element
plate
clamping
sleeve
screw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93111427A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0581140B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Reichert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEYERLE, ANDREAS
Original Assignee
Beyerle Andreas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beyerle Andreas filed Critical Beyerle Andreas
Publication of EP0581140A1 publication Critical patent/EP0581140A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0581140B1 publication Critical patent/EP0581140B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
    • E06B3/5436—Fixing of glass panes or like plates involving holes or indentations in the pane
    • E06B3/5445—Support arms engaging the holes or indentations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K3/00—Baths; Douches; Appurtenances therefor
    • A47K3/28—Showers or bathing douches
    • A47K3/30—Screens or collapsible cabinets for showers or baths
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D5/00—Construction of single parts, e.g. the parts for attachment
    • E05D5/02—Parts for attachment, e.g. flaps
    • E05D5/0246—Parts for attachment, e.g. flaps for attachment to glass panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
    • E06B1/04—Frames for doors, windows, or the like to be fixed in openings
    • E06B1/36—Frames uniquely adapted for windows
    • E06B1/38—Frames uniquely adapted for windows for shop, show, or like large windows
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/02—Wings made completely of glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
    • E06B3/5436—Fixing of glass panes or like plates involving holes or indentations in the pane
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K3/00—Baths; Douches; Appurtenances therefor
    • A47K3/28—Showers or bathing douches
    • A47K3/30—Screens or collapsible cabinets for showers or baths
    • A47K3/302—Screens or collapsible cabinets for showers or baths splash guards
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/67—Materials; Strength alteration thereof
    • E05Y2800/672—Glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/114—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof for showers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a clamping element for plate material, in particular for use in pairs for connecting two plates or for fastening a plate to a wall or the like, with at least one bore for receiving and bracing each having at least one clamping element.
  • Tensioning or connecting elements for flush or angled connection and fixing of plates, in particular glass panes, for the purpose of forming partitions or the like are known in a variety of ways or construction.
  • Exhibition and display case construction can be considered as a special area of application;
  • such elements are also required and used in connection with the establishment of shops or financial institutions, possibly also for shower enclosures or the like.
  • the object on which the present invention is based is to specify a tensioning element of the generic type with which an aesthetically pleasing connection or fixation of plates, in particular glass plates, can be achieved in a simple, ie, installation-friendly manner.
  • the tensioning element according to the invention can also be used for virtually any fixation of plates on walls or the like.
  • the plate to be fixed is equipped with a tensioning element according to the invention and fixed in place in the room by means of the connecting rods adapted or fixed according to the specific application. It is particularly advantageous that any angle and spacing between the plates or between the plate and the wall can be realized to a certain extent via these connecting rods.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first assembly example for two butt, i.e. glass plates 1 to be connected in alignment
  • Fig. 2 shows the sectional view of this assembly example required to explain the details.
  • the (glass) plates 1 which are to be connected to one another or can be fixed to a wall or the like in the space as desired, have bores 2 for inserting the tensioning elements.
  • the clamping elements 3 which are used in pairs in accordance with the assembly example according to FIGS. 1 and 2, consist essentially of four basic elements, which are matched to one another structurally and functionally in such a way that the plates 1 to be connected are fixed via their assignment and bracing.
  • a blind screw 4 is first inserted, each of which rests with its screw head 4 'on one side on the corresponding plate 1; the second side appears as a closed surface.
  • a protective sleeve 6, in particular a plastic sleeve is inserted into the bores 2 in a preferred embodiment, in order to avoid metal and glass being in direct contact with one another.
  • washers 7, in particular made of solid rubber is provided in connection with glass plates 1, between the contact sides of the blind screw 4 and the spacer sleeve 5, on the one hand, and the glass plate 1, on the other hand, to insert washers 7, in particular made of solid rubber.
  • An inner sleeve 9 is screwed onto the spacer sleeve 5 by means of a clamping screw 8, in particular an INBUS screw.
  • the spacer sleeve 5 and the inner sleeve 9 each have a pair of mutually conjugated, parallel eccentric grooves 10, in which a pair of connecting rods 11 is inserted. If the inner sleeve 9 is clamped against the spacer sleeve 5 by means of the clamping screw 8, the connecting rods 11 are thus also clamped. If the connecting rods 11 - as shown in FIGS.
  • the connecting rods 11 are advantageously designed as round rods that can be separated from endless rods, and consequently the grooves 10 are also designed as circular segments.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second assembly example for two plates 1 to be connected at an angle of, for example, 60 ° to each other.
  • the two plates 1 are fixed in the same way as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 via clamping elements 3, but - unlike in first assembly example - the connecting rods 11 'enclose an angle a of 120 o .
  • this angle can have any value between 0 o and 180 o , and that the connecting rods 11 'can be bent or re-bent according to the current angle, particularly on site.
  • FIG. 4 shows a third assembly example for two aligned glass plates 1 of different thickness, which is to be connected to a third glass plate 1 ′ (or also another plate) oriented perpendicularly thereto.
  • the two aligned glass plates 1 are each equipped with a clamping element 3 of the type explained with reference to FIG. 1/2;
  • the blind screws of the two clamping elements 3 are each different in so far as the screw shafts are correspondingly different in length due to the different plate thickness.
  • the connecting rods 11 ' are each bent by 90 o .
  • the third glass plate 1 ' is now fixed by means of a clamping unit 3' each consisting of the spacer sleeve 5 and inner sleeve 9, in such a way that these clamping units 3 'are clamped together with the bent ends of the connecting rods 11' through the bore 2.
  • a clamping unit 3' each consisting of the spacer sleeve 5 and inner sleeve 9, in such a way that these clamping units 3 'are clamped together with the bent ends of the connecting rods 11' through the bore 2.
  • the spacer sleeve 5 ' is drilled out correspondingly to a continuous clamping screw 12, or an inner sleeve 9' is simply used, as shown in the drawing.
  • FIG. 5 shows a fourth assembly example, according to which a plate 1 is to be fixed vertically to a wall 13.
  • the plate 1 has a clamping member 3 is clamped to 90 o bent connecting rods 11 '.
  • These connecting rods 11 ' are in turn now fixed via a clamping unit 3' consisting of a spacer sleeve 5 and an inner sleeve 9, which is firmly connected to the wall 13 by means of a clamping washer 14 screwed to the wall 13 and a threaded pin 16 screwed into a drive-in dowel 15.
  • FIG. 6 shows a fifth assembly example according to which two plates 1 are connected to one another in an overlapping manner.
  • the special embodiment consists in that a spacer sleeve 5 is inserted in the overlap area between the two plates 1, into which a blind screw 4 is screwed in from the outside of the one plate 1, while an inner sleeve 9 is clamped from the second outside.
  • Fig. 7 shows a sixth assembly example, according to which a plate 1 is to be fixed perpendicular to a wall 13.
  • the plate 1 has a tensioning element 3, the special feature of which is that the connecting rods 11 ', which are threaded at the ends, are clamped. These connecting rods 11 'are in turn screwed into a threaded washer 17 screwed to the wall 13.
  • FIG. 8 shows a seventh assembly example, according to which a partition wall consisting of two aligned plates 1 is to be fixed relative to a crossbar, for example a banister 18.
  • the two plates 1 are fixed at a distance from one another by means of the corresponding two connecting rods 11, centered between the two clamping elements 3, a tensioning unit 19 which receives the connecting rods 11 is provided.
  • This preferably consists of an inner sleeve 9 which is braced with a sleeve 20 connected to the banister 18.
  • This sleeve 20 has two cylinder pins 21 for locking, which - after previous processing - are hammered into the banister.
  • the connecting rods 11 are thus fixed opposite the banister 18.
  • FIG. 9 shows an eighth assembly example for a plate 1 to be connected to a hinge, a door hinge or the like which is screwed to a wall, a wall or a door frame.
  • This plate 1 is analogous to the exemplary embodiments explained above by means of a blind screw 4 and the spacer and inner sleeve on the other hand fixes existing clamping element 3.
  • the connecting rods 11 'clamped between the spacer sleeve 5 and the inner sleeve 9 each have a thread at the end. With this thread, the connecting rods 11 'are each screwed into corresponding threaded bores 23 of a pivot 24 of the hinge 22.
  • the pivot pin 24 is in turn in a hinge 25 of a hinge leaf 26 so that the plate 1 can be rotated about the hinge 25 via the screwed-in connecting rods 11 '(see arrow x).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Abstract

For a clamping element for a panel material, in particular for use in pairs for the purpose of connecting in each case two panels or for the purpose of fastening one panel on a wall or the like, in each case at least one bore being provided in the panels in order to receive and brace in each case at least one clamping element, the following functionally interacting structural elements are proposed: a) a masking screw (4) which can be plugged through the bore (2) and rests on one side of the panel (1) with its screw head; b) a spacer sleeve which can be screwed on from the second side of the panel (1) until it comes to rest on the panel (1) on the masking screw (4) and which has two mutually parallel and eccentric grooves (10); c) an inner sleeve (9) which can be connected, by means of a clamping screw (8), to the spacer sleeve (5) and has two grooves (10) which are conjugate to the grooves (10) of the spacer sleeve (5); and d) a pair of connecting bars (11) which are complementary to the shape of the grooves (10), which are inserted into the groove pairings between spacer and inner sleeve and can be braced by means of the clamping screw (8). <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Spannelement für Plattenmaterial, insbesondere zur paarweisen Verwendung zwecks Verbindung jeweils zweier Platten oder zwecks Befestigung einer Platte an einer Wand oder dergleichen, wobei in den Platten jeweils mindestens einer Bohrung zur Aufnahme und Verspannung je mindestens eines Spannelements vorgesehen sind.The present invention relates to a clamping element for plate material, in particular for use in pairs for connecting two plates or for fastening a plate to a wall or the like, with at least one bore for receiving and bracing each having at least one clamping element.

Spann- beziehungsweise Verbindungselemente zur fluchtenden beziehungsweise winkligen Verbindung und Fixierung von Platten, insbesondere Glasscheiben, zwecks Bildung von Trennwänden oder dergleichen sind in vielfältiger Weise beziehungsweise Konstruktion bekannt. Als besondere Anwendungsgebiete kommen hierbei Messe- und Vitrinenbau in Frage; gleichermaßen werden derartige Elemente auch in Verbindung mit der Einrichtung von Ladengeschäften oder Geldinstituten, gegebenenfalls auch für Duschabtrennungen oder dergleichen benötigt und verwandt.Tensioning or connecting elements for flush or angled connection and fixing of plates, in particular glass panes, for the purpose of forming partitions or the like are known in a variety of ways or construction. Exhibition and display case construction can be considered as a special area of application; Likewise, such elements are also required and used in connection with the establishment of shops or financial institutions, possibly also for shower enclosures or the like.

Die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe besteht darin, ein Spannelement der gattungsgemäßen Art anzugeben, mit dem in einfacher, d.h. montagefreundlicher Art eine ästhetisch ansprechende Verbindung beziehungsweise Fixierung von Platten, insbesondere Glasplatten, erreichbar ist.The object on which the present invention is based is to specify a tensioning element of the generic type with which an aesthetically pleasing connection or fixation of plates, in particular glass plates, can be achieved in a simple, ie, installation-friendly manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das Zusammenwirken der im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Bauelemente gelöst.This object is achieved by the interaction of the components specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Damit steht ein Spann- beziehungsweise Verbindungselement zur Verfügung, mit dem - vom Grundkonzept her - miteinander fluchtende Platten relativ zueinander verspannt werden können, und zwar im frei wählbaren Abstand zueinander. Darüberhinaus ist mit einem Minimum von Abwandlungen und Modifikationen der Grundelemente das erfindungsgemäße Spannelement auch für quasi beliebige Fixationen von Platten an Wänden oder dergleichen verwendbar. Im Grundprinzip wird die zu fixierende Platte mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Spannelement bestückt und mittels der dem spezifischen Anwendungsfall entsprechend angepaßten beziehungsweise fixierten Verbindungsstäbe im Raum ortsfest montiert. Von besonderem Vorteil ist dabei, daß über diese Verbindungsstäbe gewissermaßen beliebige Winkel und Abstände zwischen den Platten beziehungsweise zwischen der Platte und der Wand realisiert werden können.This provides a tensioning or connecting element with which - based on the basic concept - plates that are in alignment with one another can be tensioned relative to one another, at a freely selectable distance from one another. In addition, with a minimum of modifications and modifications to the basic elements, the tensioning element according to the invention can also be used for virtually any fixation of plates on walls or the like. In the basic principle, the plate to be fixed is equipped with a tensioning element according to the invention and fixed in place in the room by means of the connecting rods adapted or fixed according to the specific application. It is particularly advantageous that any angle and spacing between the plates or between the plate and the wall can be realized to a certain extent via these connecting rods.

Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Spannelements im Hinblick auf die Verwendung in Verbindung mit Glasplatten und in Verbindung mit besonderen Anwendungsbeispielen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Further developments of the tensioning element according to the invention with regard to the use in connection with glass plates and in connection with special application examples are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in

Fig. 1
ein erstes Montagebeispiel für zwei fluchtend miteinander verbundene Glasplatten in drei Ansichten;
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht des in Fig. 1 gezeigten Montagebeispiels im Schnitt;
Fig. 3
ein zweites Montagebeispiel für zwei winklig zueinander verbundene Glasplatten;
Fig. 4
ein drittes Montagebeispiel für zwei fluchtende und eine senkrecht hierzu fixierende Glasplatte;
Fig. 5
ein viertes Montagebeispiel für eine an einer Wand zu fixierende Platte;
Fig. 6
ein fünftes Montagebeispiel für zwei sich überlappende Platten;
Fig. 7
ein sechstes Montagebeispiel für eine an einer Wand zu fixierende Platte;
Fig. 8
ein siebtes Montagebeispiel für zwei zum Beispiel mit einem Treppengeländer zu verbindenden Platten;
Fig. 9
ein achtes Montagebeispiel für eine mit einem Scharnier oder dergleichen zu verbindende Platte in zwei Ansichten.
The details of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. This shows in
Fig. 1
a first assembly example for two aligned glass plates in three views;
Fig. 2
a view of the assembly example shown in Figure 1 in section.
Fig. 3
a second assembly example for two glass plates connected at an angle to each other;
Fig. 4
a third assembly example for two aligned and one perpendicularly fixing glass plate;
Fig. 5
a fourth assembly example of a plate to be fixed to a wall;
Fig. 6
a fifth assembly example for two overlapping panels;
Fig. 7
a sixth assembly example of a plate to be fixed to a wall;
Fig. 8
a seventh assembly example for two panels to be connected, for example with a banister;
Fig. 9
an eighth assembly example for a plate to be connected with a hinge or the like in two views.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein erstes Montagebeispiel für zwei sich stumpf gegenüberliegende, d.h. fluchtend miteinander zu verbindende Glasplatten 1; Fig. 2 zeigt die zur Erläuterung der Details erforderliche Schnittdarstellung dieses Montagebeispiels. Auszugehen ist bei den erfindungsgemäß konzipierten Spannelementen davon, daß die (Glas-) Platten 1, die miteinander zu verbinden oder quasi beliebig im Raum an einer Wand oder dergleichen zu fixieren sind, Bohrungen 2 zum Einsetzen der Spannelemente aufweisen.Fig. 1 shows a first assembly example for two butt, i.e. glass plates 1 to be connected in alignment; Fig. 2 shows the sectional view of this assembly example required to explain the details. In the case of the tensioning elements designed according to the invention, it is to be assumed that the (glass) plates 1, which are to be connected to one another or can be fixed to a wall or the like in the space as desired, have bores 2 for inserting the tensioning elements.

Die Spannelemente 3, die dem Montagebeispiel nach den Fig. 1 und 2 entsprechend paarweise verwandt werden, bestehen im wesentlichen aus vier Grundelementen, die konstruktiv und funktional so aufeinander abgestimmt sind, daß über ihre Zuordnung und Verspannung die zu verbindenden Platten 1 fixiert sind.The clamping elements 3, which are used in pairs in accordance with the assembly example according to FIGS. 1 and 2, consist essentially of four basic elements, which are matched to one another structurally and functionally in such a way that the plates 1 to be connected are fixed via their assignment and bracing.

Durch die genannten Bohrungen 2 in den Platten 1 ist je zunächst eine Blendschraube 4 gesteckt, die mit ihrem Schraubenkopf 4' jeweils einseitig an der entsprechenden Platte 1 anliegen; die zweite Seite tritt dabei als geschlossene Fläche in Erscheinung. Auf den Schraubenschaft der Blendschraube 4 ist von der zweiten Seite her eine Distanzmuffe 5 aufgeschraubt, die dicker ist als es dem überstehenden Schraubenschaft der Blendschraube 4 entspricht. Zur Verbindung von Glasplatten 1 ist in die Bohrungen 2 jeweils in bevorzugter Ausführungsform eine Schutzhülse 6, insbesondere eine Kunststoffhülse eingesetzt, um zu vermeiden, daß Metall und Glas unmittelbar aneinander anliegen. Darüberhinaus ist in Verbindung mit Glasplatten 1 vorgesehen, zwischen die Anlageseiten der Blendschraube 4 und der Distanzmuffe 5 einerseits und der Glasplatte 1 andererseits Unterlagscheiben 7, und zwar insbesondere aus Vollgummi einzulegen.Through the bores 2 mentioned in the plates 1, a blind screw 4 is first inserted, each of which rests with its screw head 4 'on one side on the corresponding plate 1; the second side appears as a closed surface. A spacer sleeve 5, which is thicker than the protruding screw shaft of the blind screw 4, is screwed onto the screw shaft of the blind screw 4 from the second side. To connect glass plates 1, a protective sleeve 6, in particular a plastic sleeve, is inserted into the bores 2 in a preferred embodiment, in order to avoid metal and glass being in direct contact with one another. In addition, it is provided in connection with glass plates 1, between the contact sides of the blind screw 4 and the spacer sleeve 5, on the one hand, and the glass plate 1, on the other hand, to insert washers 7, in particular made of solid rubber.

Auf die Distanzmuffe 5 ist mittels einer Klemmschraube 8, insbesondere einer INBUS-Schraube eine Innenmuffe 9 aufgeschraubt. Die Distanzmuffe 5 und die Innenmuffe 9 weisen je ein Paar von zueinander konjugierten, parallel zueinander außermittig verlaufenden Nuten 10 auf, in die ein Paar von Verbindungsstäben 11 eingelegt ist. Wird die Innenmuffe 9 mittels der Klemmschraube 8 gegen die Distanzmuffe 5 verspannt, so werden damit auch die Verbindungsstäbe 11 verspannt. Sofern nun die Verbindungsstäbe 11 - wie in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 dargestellt - an beiden Seiten verspannt sind, liegen auch die Glasscheiben 1 relativ zueinander fest; der Abstand der Glasplatten 1 kann dabei - in Abstimmung mit den Verbindungsstäben 11 - beliebig eingestellt werden, beispielsweise auch um ganz bewußt einen Seh- und Sprechschlitz zwischen den Platten 1 zu erhalten. Die Verbindungsstäbe 11 sind vorteilhaft als von Endlosstäben abtrennbare Rundstäbe ausgebildet, und demzufolge sind auch die Nuten 10 als Kreissegmente ausgebildet.An inner sleeve 9 is screwed onto the spacer sleeve 5 by means of a clamping screw 8, in particular an INBUS screw. The spacer sleeve 5 and the inner sleeve 9 each have a pair of mutually conjugated, parallel eccentric grooves 10, in which a pair of connecting rods 11 is inserted. If the inner sleeve 9 is clamped against the spacer sleeve 5 by means of the clamping screw 8, the connecting rods 11 are thus also clamped. If the connecting rods 11 - as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 - are now braced on both sides, the glass panes 1 are also fixed relative to one another; the distance between the glass plates 1 can be adjusted as desired, in coordination with the connecting rods 11, for example by deliberately creating a viewing and speaking slot between the plates 1 to obtain. The connecting rods 11 are advantageously designed as round rods that can be separated from endless rods, and consequently the grooves 10 are also designed as circular segments.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein zweites Montagebeispiel für zwei im Winkel von zum Beispiel 60o zueinander zu verbindenden Platten 1. Die beiden Platten 1 sind gleichermaßen wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 über Spannelemente 3 fixiert, wobei jedoch - anders als beim ersten Montagebeispiel - die Verbindungsstäbe 11' einen Winkel a von 120o einschließen. Es versteht sich von selbst, daß dieser Winkel beliebige Werte zwischen 0o und 180o einnehmen kann, und daß die Verbindungsstäbe 11' insbesondere vor Ort dem aktuellen Winkel entsprechend ab- beziehungsweise nachgebogen werden können.FIG. 3 shows a second assembly example for two plates 1 to be connected at an angle of, for example, 60 ° to each other. The two plates 1 are fixed in the same way as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 via clamping elements 3, but - unlike in first assembly example - the connecting rods 11 'enclose an angle a of 120 o . It goes without saying that this angle can have any value between 0 o and 180 o , and that the connecting rods 11 'can be bent or re-bent according to the current angle, particularly on site.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein drittes Montagebeispiel für zwei fluchtende Glasplatten 1 unterschiedlicher Stärke, die mit einer senkrecht dazu orientierten dritten Glasplatte 1' (oder auch einer anderen Platte) verbunden werden soll. Die beiden miteinander fluchtenden Glasplatten 1 sind je mit einem Spannelement 3 der anhand von Fig. 1 / 2 erläuterten Art bestückt; die Blendschrauben der beiden Spannelemente 3 sind dabei jeweils insoweit unterschiedlich, als aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Plattenstärke die Schraubschäfte entsprechend unterschiedlich lang sind. Die Verbindungsstäbe 11' sind jeweils um 90o abgebogen. Die dritte Glasplatte 1' wird nun mittels je einer aus den Elementen Distanzmuffe 5 und Innenmuffe 9 bestehenden Spanneinheit 3' fixiert, und zwar derart, daß diese Spanneinheiten 3' zusammen mit den abgebogenen Enden der Verbindungsstäbe 11' durch die Bohrung 2 miteinander verspannt werden. Dabei ist die Distanzmuffe 5' einer durchgehenden Klemmschraube 12 entsprechend aufgebohrt, oder es wird - wie in der Zeichnung dargestellt - einfach eine Innenmuffe 9' verwandt.FIG. 4 shows a third assembly example for two aligned glass plates 1 of different thickness, which is to be connected to a third glass plate 1 ′ (or also another plate) oriented perpendicularly thereto. The two aligned glass plates 1 are each equipped with a clamping element 3 of the type explained with reference to FIG. 1/2; The blind screws of the two clamping elements 3 are each different in so far as the screw shafts are correspondingly different in length due to the different plate thickness. The connecting rods 11 'are each bent by 90 o . The third glass plate 1 'is now fixed by means of a clamping unit 3' each consisting of the spacer sleeve 5 and inner sleeve 9, in such a way that these clamping units 3 'are clamped together with the bent ends of the connecting rods 11' through the bore 2. In this case, the spacer sleeve 5 'is drilled out correspondingly to a continuous clamping screw 12, or an inner sleeve 9' is simply used, as shown in the drawing.

Fig. 5 zeigt ein viertes Montagebeispiel, gemäß dem eine Platte 1 senkrecht an einer Wand 13 fixiert werden soll. Die Platte 1 weist hierzu ein Spannelement 3 auf, das mit um 90o abgebogenen Verbindungsstäben 11' verspannbar ist. Diese Verbindungsstäbe 11' werden nun ihrerseits über eine aus einer Distanzmuffe 5 und einer Innenmuffe 9 bestehenden Spanneinheit 3' fixiert, die über eine an die Wand 13 angeschraubte Spannscheibe 14 und einen in einen Einschlagdübel 15 eingedrehten Gewindestift 16 fest mit der Wand 13 verbunden ist.5 shows a fourth assembly example, according to which a plate 1 is to be fixed vertically to a wall 13. For this purpose the plate 1 has a clamping member 3 is clamped to 90 o bent connecting rods 11 '. These connecting rods 11 'are in turn now fixed via a clamping unit 3' consisting of a spacer sleeve 5 and an inner sleeve 9, which is firmly connected to the wall 13 by means of a clamping washer 14 screwed to the wall 13 and a threaded pin 16 screwed into a drive-in dowel 15.

Fig. 6 zeigt ein fünftes Montagebeispiel gemäß dem zwei Platten 1 sich überlappend miteinander verbunden sind. Die besondere Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß im Überlappungsbereich zwischen die beiden Platten 1 eine Distanzmuffe 5 eingesetzt ist, in die von der Außenseite der einen Platte 1 her eine Blendschraube 4 eingedreht wird, während von der zweiten Außenseite her eine Innenmuffe 9 verspannt wird.6 shows a fifth assembly example according to which two plates 1 are connected to one another in an overlapping manner. The special embodiment consists in that a spacer sleeve 5 is inserted in the overlap area between the two plates 1, into which a blind screw 4 is screwed in from the outside of the one plate 1, while an inner sleeve 9 is clamped from the second outside.

Fig. 7 zeigt ein sechstes Montagebeispiel, gemäß dem eine Platte 1 senkrecht zu einer Wand 13 fixiert werden soll. Die Platte 1 weist ein Spannelement 3 auf, dessen Besonderheit darin liegt, das endseitig mit einem Gewinde versehene Verbindungsstäbe 11' eingespannt sind. Diese Verbindungsstäbe 11' sind ihrerseits in eine mit der Wand 13 verschraubte Gewindescheibe 17 eingedreht.Fig. 7 shows a sixth assembly example, according to which a plate 1 is to be fixed perpendicular to a wall 13. The plate 1 has a tensioning element 3, the special feature of which is that the connecting rods 11 ', which are threaded at the ends, are clamped. These connecting rods 11 'are in turn screwed into a threaded washer 17 screwed to the wall 13.

Fig. 8 zeigt ein siebtes Montagebeispiel, gemäß dem eine aus zwei fluchtenden Platten 1 bestehende Trennwand relativ zu einem Quersteg, beispielsweise einem Treppengeländer 18 fixiert werden soll. Die beiden Platten 1 sind mittels der entsprechenden beiden Verbindungsstäbe 11 im Abstand zueinander fixiert, wobei mittig zwischen den beiden Spannelementen 3 eine die Verbindungsstäbe 11 aufnehmende Spanneinheit 19 vorgesehen ist. Diese besteht vorzugsweise aus einer Innenmuffe 9, die mit einer mit dem Treppengeländer 18 verbundene Muffe 20 verspannt ist. Diese Muffe 20 besitzt zur Arretierung zwei Zylinderstifte 21, die - nach vorheriger Bearbeitung - ins Treppengeländer eingeschlagen werden. Die Verbindungsstäbe 11 sind so dem Treppengeländer 18 gegenüber fixiert.8 shows a seventh assembly example, according to which a partition wall consisting of two aligned plates 1 is to be fixed relative to a crossbar, for example a banister 18. The two plates 1 are fixed at a distance from one another by means of the corresponding two connecting rods 11, centered between the two clamping elements 3, a tensioning unit 19 which receives the connecting rods 11 is provided. This preferably consists of an inner sleeve 9 which is braced with a sleeve 20 connected to the banister 18. This sleeve 20 has two cylinder pins 21 for locking, which - after previous processing - are hammered into the banister. The connecting rods 11 are thus fixed opposite the banister 18.

Fig. 9 zeigt ein achtes Montagebeispiel für eine mit einem an einer Wand, einer Mauer oder einer Türzarge verschraubtes Scharnier, einem Türband oder dergleichen 22 zu verbindende Platte 1. Diese Platte 1 ist analog zu den vorstehend erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen über ein aus der Blendschraube 4 einerseits und der Distanz- und Innenmuffe andererseits bestehendes Spannelement 3 fixiert. Die zwischen der Distanzmuffe 5 und der Innenmuffe 9 eingespannten Verbindungsstäbe 11' weisen je endseitig ein Gewinde auf. Mit diesem Gewinde sind die Verbindungsstäbe 11' jeweils in entsprechende Gewindebohrungen 23 eines Drehzapfens 24 des Scharniers 22 eingedreht. Der Drehzapfen 24 steckt seinerseits in einer Angel 25 eines Scharnierblatts 26, so daß die Platte 1 über die eingedrehten Verbindungsstäbe 11' um die Angel 25 drehbar ist (vgl. Pfeil x).FIG. 9 shows an eighth assembly example for a plate 1 to be connected to a hinge, a door hinge or the like which is screwed to a wall, a wall or a door frame. This plate 1 is analogous to the exemplary embodiments explained above by means of a blind screw 4 and the spacer and inner sleeve on the other hand fixes existing clamping element 3. The connecting rods 11 'clamped between the spacer sleeve 5 and the inner sleeve 9 each have a thread at the end. With this thread, the connecting rods 11 'are each screwed into corresponding threaded bores 23 of a pivot 24 of the hinge 22. The pivot pin 24 is in turn in a hinge 25 of a hinge leaf 26 so that the plate 1 can be rotated about the hinge 25 via the screwed-in connecting rods 11 '(see arrow x).

Claims (10)

Spannelement für Plattenmaterial,
insbesondere zur paarweisen Verwendung zwecks Verbindung jeweils zweier Platten oder zwecks Befestigung einer Platte an einer Wand oder dergleichen,
wobei in den Platten jeweils mindestens eine Bohrung zur Aufnahme und Verspannung je mindestens eines Spannelements vorgesehen sind,
gekennzeichnet durch das Zusammenwirken folgender Bauelemente: a) eine durch die Bohrung (2) steckbare und mit ihrem Schraubenkopf an einer Seite der Platte (1) anliegende Blendschraube(4); b) eine von der zweiten Seite der Platte (1)her bis zum Anschlag an der Platte (1) auf der Blendschraube (4) aufschraubbare Distanzmuffe mit zwei außermittig und parallel zueinander verlaufenden Nuten (10); c) eine mittels einer Klemmschraube (8) mit der Distanzmuffe (5) verbindbare Innenmuffe (9) mit zwei zu den Nuten (10) der Distanzmuffe (5) konjugierten Nuten (10), und d) ein Paar von zur Form der Nuten (10) komplementären Verbindungsstäben (11), die in die Nutpaarungen zwischen Distanz- und Innenmuffe eingelegt und mittels der Klemmschraube (8) verspannbar sind. Clamping element for sheet material,
in particular for use in pairs for the purpose of connecting two plates in each case or for fastening a plate to a wall or the like,
wherein at least one bore for receiving and bracing each at least one clamping element is provided in the plates,
characterized by the interaction of the following components: a) a blind screw (4) which can be inserted through the bore (2) and with its screw head on one side of the plate (1); b) a spacer sleeve that can be screwed onto the blind screw (4) from the second side of the plate (1) up to the stop on the plate (1) with two eccentric and parallel grooves (10); c) an inner sleeve (9) which can be connected to the spacer sleeve (5) by means of a clamping screw (8) and has two grooves (10) conjugated to the grooves (10) of the spacer sleeve (5), and d) a pair of connecting rods (11) complementary to the shape of the grooves (10), which are inserted into the pair of grooves between the spacer and inner sleeve and can be clamped by means of the clamping screw (8). Spannelement nach Anspruch 1,
insbesondere zur Verwendung für Glasscheiben,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im Bereich der Bohrungen (2) eine auf den Schaft der Blendschraube (4) aufsteckbare Schutzhülse (6), insbesondere Kunststoffhülse, vorgesehen ist.Clamping element according to claim 1,
especially for use with glass panes,
characterized,
that in the area of the bores (2) a protective sleeve (6), in particular a plastic sleeve, can be fitted onto the shaft of the blind screw (4). Spannelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß auf der Anlageseite der Blendschraube (4) und der Distanzmuffe (5) je eine elastische, insbesondere aus Vollgummi bestehende, Unterlagscheibe (7) vorgesehen ist.Clamping element according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized,
that on the contact side of the blind screw (4) and the spacer sleeve (5) an elastic washer, in particular made of solid rubber, is provided (7). Spannelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Verbindungsstäbe (11) Rundstäbe sind.Clamping element according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the connecting rods (11) are round rods. Spannelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur abgewinkelten Verbindung zweier Platten (1) abgebogene Verbindungsstäbe (11') vorgesehen sind (Fig. 3).Clamping element according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that bent connecting rods (11 ') are provided for the angled connection of two plates (1) (Fig. 3). Spannelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur Fixierung zweier miteinander fluchtender Platten (1) relativ zu einer senkrechten Platte (1') deren Blendschraube durch eine aus einer Distanzmuffe und einer Innenmuffe bestehende Spanneinheit ersetzt ist (Fig. 4).Clamping element according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that to fix two aligned plates (1) relative to a vertical plate (1 ') whose blind screw is replaced by a clamping unit consisting of a spacer sleeve and an inner sleeve (Fig. 4). Spannelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur Verbindung zweier sich überlappender Platten (1) eine mit den Bohrungen (2) fluchtende Distanzmuffe (5) von den relativ zueinander außen liegenden Seiten der Platten (1) über je eine Blendschraube (4) und eine Innenmuffe (9) verspannt ist (Fig. 6).Clamping element according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that to connect two overlapping plates (1), a spacer sleeve (5) aligned with the bores (2) is clamped from the sides of the plates (1) lying on the outside relative to each other via a blind screw (4) and an inner sleeve (9) ( Fig. 6). Spannelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur Fixierung einer Platte (1) gegenüber einer Wand (13) oder dergleichen eine aus einer Distanzmuffe (5) und einer Innenmuffe (9) bestehende Spanneinheit (3') über eine Spannscheibe (14) an der Wand (13) verschraubbar ist (Fig. 5).Clamping element according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that to fix a plate (1) to a wall (13) or the like, a clamping unit (3 ') consisting of a spacer sleeve (5) and an inner sleeve (9) can be screwed to the wall (13) via a clamping washer (14) ( Fig. 5). Spannelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur Fixierung einer Platte (1) gegenüber einer Wand (13) oder dergleichen die Verbindungsstäbe (11') an einem Ende ein Gewinde aufweisen, und
daß eine an der Wand (13) anschraubbare Gewindescheibe (17) mit die Verbindungsstäbe (11') aufnehmenden Gewindebohrungen vorgesehen ist (Fig. 7).Clamping element according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that for fixing a plate (1) against a wall (13) or the like, the connecting rods (11 ') have a thread at one end, and
that a threaded washer (17) which can be screwed onto the wall (13) is provided with threaded bores receiving the connecting rods (11 ') (FIG. 7). Spannelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur Fixierung einer Platte (1) mit einem Scharnier bzw. Türband oder dergleichen (22) endseitig mit einem Gewinde versehene Verbindungsstäbe (11') vorgesehen sind, die in konjugierte Gewindebohrungen des Scharniers bzw. Türbands eingedreht sind (Fig. 9)Clamping element according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that for fixing a plate (1) with a hinge or door hinge or the like (22) provided at the end with threaded connecting rods (11 ') which are screwed into conjugated threaded holes in the hinge or door hinge (Fig. 9)
EP93111427A 1992-07-22 1993-07-16 Clamping device for panels especially glass panes Expired - Lifetime EP0581140B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9209806U DE9209806U1 (en) 1992-07-22 1992-07-22 Clamping element for sheet material, especially for glass sheets
DE9209806U 1992-07-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0581140A1 true EP0581140A1 (en) 1994-02-02
EP0581140B1 EP0581140B1 (en) 1996-12-04

Family

ID=6881863

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93111427A Expired - Lifetime EP0581140B1 (en) 1992-07-22 1993-07-16 Clamping device for panels especially glass panes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0581140B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE145962T1 (en)
DE (1) DE9209806U1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1009254A3 (en) * 1995-04-06 1997-01-07 Verre Atel Sal Device for joining together glazing units suspended by means of point clips
US5642959A (en) * 1994-08-29 1997-07-01 Temotrans, B.V. Support device for a substantially panel-like component
EP0841032A2 (en) * 1996-11-12 1998-05-13 Joachim Fischbach Device for adjustably mounting panels, in particular glass panels or the like
EP1036945A2 (en) * 1999-03-11 2000-09-20 Joh. Sprinz GmbH &amp; Co. Device for adjustably attaching stationary or movable plates
WO2001009469A1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2001-02-08 Societa' Italiana Progetti S.R.L. Fitting assembly
EP1319784A1 (en) * 2001-12-08 2003-06-18 Chan Hong Enterprise Co., Ltd. Connector for glass
EP1359279A1 (en) * 2002-04-23 2003-11-05 Hawa Ag Device for supporting plates and partition element

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2716503A1 (en) * 1994-02-24 1995-08-25 Rouzieres Andre Francois Joining unit between support structure and panel used for false ceilings and facades
DE19539614C1 (en) * 1995-10-25 1997-02-13 Kermi Gmbh Partition stabilization system

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GB630409A (en) * 1947-10-23 1949-10-12 W & J George And Becker Ltd Improvements in clamping means for apparatus for use in scientific demonstrations
GB2178471A (en) * 1985-07-31 1987-02-11 Pilkington Brothers Plc Structural glass unit
EP0282809A2 (en) * 1987-03-17 1988-09-21 VEGLA Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH Mounting system for the fastening or the bearing of frameless glass panes
AT387061B (en) * 1987-03-20 1988-11-25 Eckelt Josef Suspended glazing, in particular for glass facades
EP0350925A1 (en) * 1988-07-13 1990-01-17 KARL LEIBINGER MEDIZINTECHNIK GMBH &amp; CO. External clamping device for a bone fracture
NL8802764A (en) * 1988-11-10 1990-06-01 Octatube Space Structures Bv Transparent roof panel-securing system - uses panels with corners chamfered to form thrust edges
EP0448820A1 (en) * 1990-03-26 1991-10-02 Paul-Jean Munch Partition wall for shower with adjustable panel

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB630409A (en) * 1947-10-23 1949-10-12 W & J George And Becker Ltd Improvements in clamping means for apparatus for use in scientific demonstrations
GB2178471A (en) * 1985-07-31 1987-02-11 Pilkington Brothers Plc Structural glass unit
EP0282809A2 (en) * 1987-03-17 1988-09-21 VEGLA Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH Mounting system for the fastening or the bearing of frameless glass panes
AT387061B (en) * 1987-03-20 1988-11-25 Eckelt Josef Suspended glazing, in particular for glass facades
EP0350925A1 (en) * 1988-07-13 1990-01-17 KARL LEIBINGER MEDIZINTECHNIK GMBH &amp; CO. External clamping device for a bone fracture
NL8802764A (en) * 1988-11-10 1990-06-01 Octatube Space Structures Bv Transparent roof panel-securing system - uses panels with corners chamfered to form thrust edges
EP0448820A1 (en) * 1990-03-26 1991-10-02 Paul-Jean Munch Partition wall for shower with adjustable panel

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5642959A (en) * 1994-08-29 1997-07-01 Temotrans, B.V. Support device for a substantially panel-like component
BE1009254A3 (en) * 1995-04-06 1997-01-07 Verre Atel Sal Device for joining together glazing units suspended by means of point clips
EP0841032A2 (en) * 1996-11-12 1998-05-13 Joachim Fischbach Device for adjustably mounting panels, in particular glass panels or the like
EP0841032A3 (en) * 1996-11-12 1999-09-01 Joachim Fischbach Device for adjustably mounting panels, in particular glass panels or the like
EP1036945A2 (en) * 1999-03-11 2000-09-20 Joh. Sprinz GmbH &amp; Co. Device for adjustably attaching stationary or movable plates
EP1036945A3 (en) * 1999-03-11 2001-08-16 Joh. Sprinz GmbH &amp; Co. Device for adjustably attaching stationary or movable plates
WO2001009469A1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2001-02-08 Societa' Italiana Progetti S.R.L. Fitting assembly
EP1319784A1 (en) * 2001-12-08 2003-06-18 Chan Hong Enterprise Co., Ltd. Connector for glass
EP1359279A1 (en) * 2002-04-23 2003-11-05 Hawa Ag Device for supporting plates and partition element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE145962T1 (en) 1996-12-15
DE9209806U1 (en) 1992-11-26
EP0581140B1 (en) 1996-12-04

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