EP0580678A1 - A method and an equipment for adjusting rock drilling. - Google Patents
A method and an equipment for adjusting rock drilling.Info
- Publication number
- EP0580678A1 EP0580678A1 EP92908386A EP92908386A EP0580678A1 EP 0580678 A1 EP0580678 A1 EP 0580678A1 EP 92908386 A EP92908386 A EP 92908386A EP 92908386 A EP92908386 A EP 92908386A EP 0580678 A1 EP0580678 A1 EP 0580678A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- set value
- penetration rate
- rate
- adjusted
- deviation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001526284 Percus <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for optimiz ⁇ ing rock drilling, wherein a penetration rate of a drill bit of a drilling machine into a rock is measured and the operating parameters of a drilling equipment are adjusted to maximize the penetration rate.
- the invention also relates to an equipment for realizing the method described above, comprising control devices for giving set values to a percussion apparatus of a rock drilling equipment, a rotation rate of a drill bit and a feed force, and means for measuring a penetration rate of the drill bit.
- control devices for giving set values to a percussion apparatus of a rock drilling equipment, a rotation rate of a drill bit and a feed force, and means for measuring a penetration rate of the drill bit.
- European Patent Specification 112 810 discloses a method in which the percussion rate and percussion frequency of a percussion hammer is measured and varied until the maximum penetration rate is achieved. The frequency and percussion rate are varied so that the percussion power remains substan ⁇ tially constant all the time.
- a disadvantage of the method is that one attempts to maximize the penetra- tion rate by means of the percussion frequency and the percussion rate, which, in practice, are inter ⁇ dependent control parameters. In practice, the method can thus be regarded as an adjustment based on a single parameter.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting a drilling process, which optimizes the penetration rate as efficiently and reliably as possible irrespective of any distur ⁇ fleecees affecting the measuring result.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the operating parameters are adjusted one at a time while the other operating parameters are kept sub ⁇ stantially constant, that a continuous deviation is caused to occur symmetrically on both sides of the set value of the operating parameter to be ad usted, that a change caused by the deviation in the penetra ⁇ tion rate is measured, that when the change caused by the deviation in the penetration rate is different on different sides of the set value, the set value is adjusted on the basis of the measurements in a direction in which the penetration rate increases, and that when a maximum value of the penetration rate is substantially achieved by adjusting one operating parameter, the operating parameter to be adjusted is changed.
- the equipment according to the invention is characterized in that the control devices comprise automatically operated adjusting means which deviate one operating parameter at a time from its set value, measure variation in the penetration rate, and shift the deviated set value in a direction in which the penetration rate increases, said adjusting means changing the operating parameter to be deviated when the set value being adjusted reaches a value substan ⁇ tially corresponding to a maximum penetration rate.
- the basic idea of the invention is that the operating parameters are monitored one at a time by subjecting each parameter to a continuous, regular deviation occurring reciprocally and symmetrically, so that it can be seen on which side of the set value the penetration rate increases, and so the value of the parameter can be shifted towards a greater penetration rate on the basis of the deviation of the parameter.
- Figure 1 is a graphic representation of the adjusting method according to the invention when realized with respect to one adjustable parameter
- FIGS. 2a to 2c illustrate the adjusting method according to the invention graphically
- Figure 3 is a graphic representation of the method according to the invention when realized with respect to two adjustable parameters
- Figure 4 is a graphic representation of an adjusting equipment for realizing the method accord ⁇ ing to the invention.
- Figure 5 illustrates schematically the connec- tion of the adjusting equipment according to the in ⁇ vention to a rock drilling equipment for performing the drilling.
- Figure 1 is a graphic representation of the adjusting method according to the invention realized with respect to one adjustable parameter Hf.
- the penetration rate reaches its optimum at a point A, which is the highest point of the curve F.
- the po ⁇ sition of the point A is not actually known, because the drilling conditions vary, and so the shape of the curve F, for instance, may change momentarily so that the position of the point A on the axis Kf changes. It is, however, possible to aim at achieving the optimal point Hf 0 _.*-.
- the set value H s is now deviated by a small sinusoidal oscillation from its nominal value to the same extent on its both sides, while measuring the magnitude of variation in the penetration rate.
- the penetration rate thereby increases with the set value H s and correspondingly decreases with the set value H s .
- the set value H s is shifted by means of the adjusting equipment in a direction in which the penetration rate increases, until the value H f 0p t corresponding to the current drilling conditions is achieved.
- a decrease in the set value H s indicates an increase in the penetration rate
- an increase in the set value indicates a decrease in the penetration rate.
- the adjusting equipment shifts the set value H s so that its value decreases until the penetration rate Hf OD .*- optimal in the current conditions is achieved.
- Figures 2a to 2c show control curves corre ⁇ sponding to the points A to C in Figure 1.
- Figure 2a* j _ shows a situation in which the penetration rate is at its optimum, and the deviation value is 0 at this value of the penetration rate.
- Figure 2a2 shows that the penetration rate x is constant, and
- Figure 2a shows the shape of a deviation function V with respect to the set value H s .
- Figure 2b shows a control curve corresponding to the point B.
- Figure 2b-*_ illustrates the product x * V of the penetration rate and the deviation function.
- Figure 2c* j _ shows a curve cor ⁇ responding to the point C, in which the integration obtained on the basis of the product of the penetra ⁇ tion rate x and the deviation function V, i.e., the area of the curve portions on the negative side of the curve is greater than the area of the curve portions on the positive side.
- the penetration rate x varies inversely and, as shown in Figure 2cg, the deviation curve varies similarly as in Figure a3_
- the integration of the set value H g takes place in a negative direction, that is, the set value H s de ⁇ creases until it reaches the point A, that is, the penetration rate Hf--.*..
- Figure 3 illustrates, similarly as Figures 1 and 2, the method according to the invention when applied with respect to two operating parameters H ⁇ and H r .
- the interdependent set values of the feed and the rotation rate form a convex surface with a pre ⁇ determined maximum point, that is, x max with respect to the penetration rate.
- the feed and the rotation are originally set to initial values H£ Q and H ⁇ Q , which give an operating point P Q .
- the point P Q corresponds to a point X Q on the convex surface, which is the starting point.
- the feed for instance, is adjusted first by feed adjust ⁇ ing means, and a set value corresponding to the max ⁇ imum penetration rate is determined for the feed at a predetermined fixed rotation rate by subjecting the set value of the feed force to a sinusoidal deviation and by adjusting the feed force as described above in connection with Figures 1 and 2.
- the feed force is adjusted, its set value is shifted from the point Hf Q to a point H f t , so that the drill penetration rate is correspondingly shifted from the point P Q to a point P-_ , which corresponds to the maximum point of the penetration rate when the rotation rate is set to H ⁇ Q .
- This point corresponds to the point _•_- ⁇ _ on the convex surface representing the penetration rate.
- the feed force is maintained at its set value H f0 _.
- the rotation rate is adjusted according to the invention so that it decreases to a value H r t while the penetration rate increases from the point X j to a point x max , thus obtaining the max ⁇ imum value of the penetration rate in this drilling situation in constant conditions.
- This procedure is continued by again adjusting the feed force and then again the rotation rate, so that the operation can be constantly kept at the point x max , and the adjustment only ensures that this is the case.
- An abrupt change in conditions affects the shape of the convex sur ⁇ face, and the position of the maximum point x max of the penetration rate in the coordinate system changes accordingly.
- the adjustment is continued as de ⁇ scribed above.
- the obtained set value for the feed will be fixed, and the rotation rate is adjusted by the method according to the invention by employing a sinusoidal deviation of the set value of the rotation rate, thus obtaining the maximum point x max of the penetration rate at said set value of the feed force with respect to the rotation rate. Thereafter the rotation rate is again adjusted to a fixed value, and the feed force is again subjected to a sinusoidal deviation, and the maximum feed value is determined at this rotation rate.
- the set values are thus varied one after the other in such a way that the other is fixed and the other is deviated in accordance with a sinusoidal curve, and the deviation is integrated so that the maximum point x max in the current conditions is achieved finally after a sufficient number of alternate deviations.
- a change in the drilling con ⁇ ditions affects the shape of the convex surface and thus the "point x op -
- the adjustment automatically adapts itself to changes in the conditions and adjusts the drilling process continuously so that the drilling takes place as close as possible to the maximum penetration rate, i.e., the point x max on the surface, in the prevail- ing conditions.
- FIG. 4 shows an adjusting equipment for realizing the method according to the invention.
- the adjusting equipment comprises a percussion adjuster 1 forming a closed adjusting circuit and arranged to control a percussion machinery 2.
- the operation of the percussion machinery is measured and the results are applied to a comparator 3.
- a set value R_ for the percussion is also applied to the comparator 3 from adjusting means, and the comparator 3 compares the set value of the percussion with the measured percus ⁇ sion value and controls the percussion adjuster 1 so that the actual value of the percussion is equal to the set value.
- the adjusting equipment further com ⁇ prises a feed adjustment optimizer 4 which is con- nected to a comparator 5.
- the comparator 5 applies an adjustment value E f to a feed adjuster 6 which, in turn, is connected to control a feed apparatus 7.
- the feed apparatus 7 applies a measured value Yf to the comparator 5, which compares the set value of the feed adjuster and the measured value Yf and controls the feed adjuster 6 on the basis of the difference so that the feed rate is kept at a desired value.
- the adjusting equipment also comprises a rotation adjust ⁇ ment optimizer 8 having an output, i.e. a set value R r connected to a comparator 9.
- a difference value E r of the comparator 9 controls a rotation rate adjuster 10, which controls a rotation motor 11.
- a rotation rate value Y r is measured from the rotation motor 11 and applied back to the comparator 9, which determines the difference E r between the set value R r and the actual value Y r .
- a penetration rate x is measured from the feed apparatus.
- the adjusting means further comprise a controller i.e. a control logic 12, which connects deviation adjusters of the feed adjustment optimizer and the rotation adjustment optimizer alternately in operation so that a small sinusoidal deviation is caused to occur alternately in the set value Rf and R r of one adjuster, while the other remains constant. Consequently, it is possible in the feed apparatus to measure variation in the feed rate, i.e.
- FIG. 5 shows schematically the connection of the adjusting equipment according to the invention to a conventional drilling equipment for performing a drilling process.
- Figure 5 shows a drilling machine 13 to which a drill rod 14 is attached.
- a drill bit 15 is attached to the end of the drill rod.
- the drilling machine 13 is mounted on a feed beam 16 longitudinally movably with respect to it.
- Drill rod centralizers 17 and 18 are also mounted on the feed beam so as to support the drill rod during the drilling; they are well known and therefore will not be described in greater detail herein.
- the drilling equipment further comprises a motor 19, which rotates a pump of a hydraulic power unit 20, or if there are several pumps, as is well known, all of the pumps, for supplying hydraulic fluid through conduits 21 to 23 into the percussion machinery 2, the rotation motor 11 and the feed motor 7, of which the last- mentioned forms part of the feed system.
- the drilling machine 13 is displaced on the feed beam forwards, that is, towards the rock during the drilling by means of the feed motor 7.
- the drilling equipment further comprises a control unit 24, which contains e.g. the adjusting means and devices shown in Figure 4, by means of which the drilling process is adjusted.
- the control unit 24 is connected by means of control conduits 25 to 27 to the hydraulic power unit so that each con- duit controls a specific operation as shown in Figure 4 for carrying out the method.
- the conduit 25 is arranged to control the percussion power to the percussion machinery 2
- the conduit 26 is arranged to adjust the amount of hydraulic fluid to be supplied to the rotation motor 11 so as to adjust the rotation rate
- the conduit 27 is arranged to adjust the amount of hydraulic fluid to be supplied to the feed motor 7.
- a control signal 28 is applied from the feed motor 7 to the control unit 24 in order to indicate the rate of travel of the drilling machine 13 with respect ' to the feed beam 16, that is, the drill penetration rate x, on the basis of which the optimization and adjustment of the drilling process are carried out as described above.
- Drilling can be optimized in various ways, of which the optimization of the penetration rate is one of the most important in many cases.
- Another well known alternative is to calculate the cost of penetration per length unit while allowing for the other parameters and then adjust the drilling process so that the cost is minimized. In practice, however, the maximum penetration rate often cor ⁇ responds to the cost minimum on a certain percussion power level.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Procédé servant à optimaliser le forage de la roche, selon lequel le forage est réglé par l'intermédiaire d'un ou plusieurs paramètres réglables tels que la vitesse d'avance et la vitesse de rotation. Selon le procédé, on modifie une valeur établie (Hs) pour chaque paramètre réglable en fonction d'une courbe sinusoïdale, en intégrant une altération causée par la modification de la vitesse de pénétration (x) et en l'ajoutant à la valeur établie (Hs) de sorte que celle-ci se rapproche d'une vitesse de pénétration optimale (xopt).A method of optimizing rock drilling, wherein the drilling is controlled through one or more adjustable parameters such as feed rate and rotational speed. According to the process, a set value (Hs) is modified for each adjustable parameter as a function of a sinusoidal curve, integrating an alteration caused by the modification of the penetration speed (x) and adding it to the set value ( Hs) so that it approaches an optimal penetration rate (xopt).
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI912010 | 1991-04-25 | ||
FI912010A FI88744C (en) | 1991-04-25 | 1991-04-25 | For the purposes of this Regulation |
PCT/FI1992/000116 WO1992019841A1 (en) | 1991-04-25 | 1992-04-21 | A method and an equipment for adjusting rock drilling |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0580678A1 true EP0580678A1 (en) | 1994-02-02 |
EP0580678B1 EP0580678B1 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
Family
ID=8532389
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92908386A Expired - Lifetime EP0580678B1 (en) | 1991-04-25 | 1992-04-21 | A method and an equipment for adjusting rock drilling |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5458207A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0580678B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH06506741A (en) |
AU (1) | AU665186B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2109070A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69213228T2 (en) |
FI (1) | FI88744C (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992019841A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI95166C (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-12-27 | Tamrock Oy | Arrangement in a pressure-driven rock drilling rig |
US6612382B2 (en) | 1996-03-25 | 2003-09-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Iterative drilling simulation process for enhanced economic decision making |
US7032689B2 (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 2006-04-25 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Method and system for predicting performance of a drilling system of a given formation |
US6408953B1 (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 2002-06-25 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Method and system for predicting performance of a drilling system for a given formation |
US5704436A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 1998-01-06 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Method of regulating drilling conditions applied to a well bit |
US5794720A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 1998-08-18 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Method of assaying downhole occurrences and conditions |
US6109368A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 2000-08-29 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Method and system for predicting performance of a drilling system for a given formation |
US6253860B1 (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 2001-07-03 | Sandvik Tamrock Oy | Method and arrangement for controlling rock drilling |
DE19632401A1 (en) * | 1996-08-12 | 1998-02-19 | Delmag Maschinenfabrik | Drill |
JP2941717B2 (en) * | 1996-08-21 | 1999-08-30 | 中小企業事業団 | Drill drill control system |
US6026912A (en) * | 1998-04-02 | 2000-02-22 | Noble Drilling Services, Inc. | Method of and system for optimizing rate of penetration in drilling operations |
US6155357A (en) * | 1997-09-23 | 2000-12-05 | Noble Drilling Services, Inc. | Method of and system for optimizing rate of penetration in drilling operations |
US6233498B1 (en) | 1998-03-05 | 2001-05-15 | Noble Drilling Services, Inc. | Method of and system for increasing drilling efficiency |
US6382331B1 (en) | 2000-04-17 | 2002-05-07 | Noble Drilling Services, Inc. | Method of and system for optimizing rate of penetration based upon control variable correlation |
FI115553B (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2005-05-31 | Sandvik Tamrock Oy | Arrangement for drilling control |
FI115037B (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2005-02-28 | Sandvik Tamrock Oy | Method and arrangement for a rock drilling machine |
US7059427B2 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2006-06-13 | Noble Drilling Services Inc. | Automatic drilling system |
GB2413403B (en) | 2004-04-19 | 2008-01-09 | Halliburton Energy Serv Inc | Field synthesis system and method for optimizing drilling operations |
FI116968B (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-04-28 | Sandvik Tamrock Oy | Procedure for control of impactor, program product and impactor |
FI121027B (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2010-06-15 | Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy | Procedure for controlling striking rock drilling, software product and rock drilling device |
AU2006216123B2 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2012-06-21 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | A method and system for controlling an excavating apparatus |
FI120559B (en) * | 2006-01-17 | 2009-11-30 | Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy | Method for measuring a voltage wave, measuring device and rock crushing device |
SE532483C2 (en) | 2007-04-11 | 2010-02-02 | Atlas Copco Rock Drills Ab | Method, apparatus and rock drilling rig for controlling at least one drilling parameter |
US8274399B2 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2012-09-25 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc. | Method and system for predicting performance of a drilling system having multiple cutting structures |
NO2331904T3 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2018-09-15 | ||
SE535585C2 (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2012-10-02 | Spc Technology Ab | Method and apparatus for impact-acting submersible drilling |
SE538622C2 (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2016-10-04 | Atlas Copco Ind Technique Ab | Power tool with output torque compensation and method therefore |
US11448013B2 (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2022-09-20 | Epiroc Drilling Solutions, Llc | Method and apparatus for percussion drilling |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1021726B (en) * | 1973-10-09 | 1978-02-20 | Tampella Oy Ab | DRILLING SYSTEM FOR ROCK DRILLS AND DRILLING MACHINES FOR THE REALIZATION OF THIS SYSTEM |
US3872932A (en) * | 1973-10-23 | 1975-03-25 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Process and apparatus for automatic drilling |
US4195699A (en) * | 1978-06-29 | 1980-04-01 | United States Steel Corporation | Drilling optimization searching and control method |
US4165789A (en) * | 1978-06-29 | 1979-08-28 | United States Steel Corporation | Drilling optimization searching and control apparatus |
SE8207405L (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-06-28 | Atlas Copco Ab | MOUNTAIN DRILLING AND METHOD OF OPTIMIZING MOUNTAIN DRILLING |
US4793421A (en) * | 1986-04-08 | 1988-12-27 | Becor Western Inc. | Programmed automatic drill control |
FR2663680B1 (en) * | 1990-06-26 | 1992-09-11 | Eimco Secoma | ANCHORING EFFORT CONTROL DEVICE FOR A DRILLING SLIDE. |
-
1991
- 1991-04-25 FI FI912010A patent/FI88744C/en active
-
1992
- 1992-04-21 US US08/133,130 patent/US5458207A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-21 EP EP92908386A patent/EP0580678B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-21 WO PCT/FI1992/000116 patent/WO1992019841A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-04-21 DE DE69213228T patent/DE69213228T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-04-21 CA CA002109070A patent/CA2109070A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-04-21 AU AU15493/92A patent/AU665186B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-04-21 JP JP4507676A patent/JPH06506741A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9219841A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI912010A0 (en) | 1991-04-25 |
FI88744B (en) | 1993-03-15 |
FI88744C (en) | 1993-06-28 |
DE69213228T2 (en) | 1997-03-27 |
DE69213228D1 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
CA2109070A1 (en) | 1992-10-26 |
JPH06506741A (en) | 1994-07-28 |
US5458207A (en) | 1995-10-17 |
AU665186B2 (en) | 1995-12-21 |
EP0580678B1 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
FI912010A (en) | 1992-10-26 |
AU1549392A (en) | 1992-12-21 |
WO1992019841A1 (en) | 1992-11-12 |
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