EP0575470B1 - A solid fuel stoker - Google Patents
A solid fuel stoker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0575470B1 EP0575470B1 EP92907578A EP92907578A EP0575470B1 EP 0575470 B1 EP0575470 B1 EP 0575470B1 EP 92907578 A EP92907578 A EP 92907578A EP 92907578 A EP92907578 A EP 92907578A EP 0575470 B1 EP0575470 B1 EP 0575470B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stoker
- scraper
- combustion air
- bottom part
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
- F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
- F23B1/26—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support using imperforate fuel supports
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
- F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
Definitions
- scraper conveyor of the stoker requires constantly maintenance, as the scraper elements simply are damaged by burning or destroyed by clinkering.
- the document WO-A-89/04 939 discloses a furnace with a scraper conveyor, comprising triangular scraper elements.
- the scraper elements are not, however, protected against overheating
- the invention has for its purpose to provide a stoker of the type described in the introductory part, and by which said problems by simple provisions may be solved.
- the stoker according to the invention furthermore may be provided so that said inlet openings for combustion air in the side walls of the heart are devided into three groups each being connected with separate air inlet channels, namely so that a lowermost group is connected with an air inlet channel for primary combustion air, while middle and upper groups are connected with air inlet channels for propely combustion air, and that - in connection with said air inlet channels - air valve means are present for controlling of the air admittance to the respective groups of inlet openings.
- the scraper elements 30 may be supplied with cooling water, which again may be discharged via upper side openings 44 in the broader discharge pipes 38.
- outwardly open angular recesses 46 are provided, which via air nozzle openings 48 are connected with the air supply pipe 36, so that primary combustion air may be admitted along both sides of the beam 28, when this is reciprocated along the bottom part of the heart, that is under the fuel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Display Devices Of Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a solid fuel stoker and comprising a tunnel shaped combustion chamber or hearth of which the bottom part consists of a water cooled, double walled steel construction with a plane lower part and upwards/outwards inclined side walls, and of which an upper curved part consists of cheramic elements, by said stoker fuel is supplied by means of a worm conveyor through a stoker opening and carried forward in the hearth by a reciprocating scraper conveyor arranged along said bottom part, said side walls - between mutual parallel water filled cooling pipes - are provided with inlet openings for combustion air.
- Known stokers of this type do not exploit the fuel quite optimum, which gives an insufficient fuel economy and may result in environmental problems, because the stoker emits unburnt and/or poisonous gasses to the surroundings.
- Furthermore the scraper conveyor of the stoker requires constantly maintenance, as the scraper elements simply are damaged by burning or destroyed by clinkering.
- The document WO-A-89/04 939 discloses a furnace with a scraper conveyor, comprising triangular scraper elements. The scraper elements are not, however, protected against overheating
- The invention has for its purpose to provide a stoker of the type described in the introductory part, and by which said problems by simple provisions may be solved.
- The stoker according to the invention is distinctive in that the scraper conveyor is provided with transverse mainly triangular, hollow scraper elements being connected with a central beam which in the longitudinal direction is made from sections in such a way that the cooling water may be supplied to the scraper elements via one pipe section and may be discharged from the scraper elements via another pipe section, and that the scraper conveyor moreover comprises inlet openings through which primary combustion air may be admitted along the lower part of the heart.
- By simple provisions a stoker is hereby obtained, by which the scraper elements by means of water cooling in a simple manner are protected against overheating and destruction. Furthermore a more uniform combustion is obtained by the fact that via the scraper conveyor extra primary combustion air at the same time may be admitted a lower center area of the fuel.
- Appropriately the stoker is such provided that the air inlet openings for admittance of primary combustion air along the bottom part of the heart is provided in the central beam and is positioned between the scraper elements in outwardly opened, angular recesses along opposite sides of an underside of the beam. Hereby it is obtained in a simple manner, that the air inlet openings by reciprocating of the beam are kept free from ashes constantly.
- In order to more optimum to control the admittance of combustion air in dependence on the actual type of fuel the stoker according to the invention furthermore may be provided so that said inlet openings for combustion air in the side walls of the heart are devided into three groups each being connected with separate air inlet channels, namely so that a lowermost group is connected with an air inlet channel for primary combustion air, while middle and upper groups are connected with air inlet channels for secundary combustion air, and that - in connection with said air inlet channels - air valve means are present for controlling of the air admittance to the respective groups of inlet openings.
- In the following the invention is described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which:-
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view - partly in section - of an embodiment for a stoker according to the invention,
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view - partly in section - of the heart of the stoker cf. Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3 is a side view of an embodiment for a scraper conveyor of the stoker according to the invention,
- Fig. 4 is a top view of the scraper conveyor cf. Fig. 3,
- Fig. 5 is a view - partly in section - of the scraper conveyor cf. Fig. 3 and 4, and
- Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view through the heart of the stoker according to the invention.
- The
stoker 2 shown In Fig. 1, as stoker unit for a not shown heating boiler system, includes a tunnel shaped fuel chamber or heart 4 (Fig. 2), into which fuel from afuel silo 6 is stoked by means of aworm conveyor 8 through a stoker opening 10, and by which the combustion air is supplied by twoblowers 12. Thelongitudinal heart 4 has aplane bottom part 14 and lowerside wall parts 16 stretching slightly inclined (approx. 15° from vertical) upwards/outwards to an uppercurved part 18 consisting of cheramic material. Thebottom part 14 and theside wall parts 16 consist of steel plate and are water cooled (Fig. 6). Between mutualparallel cooling elements 20 having triangular cross section and formed by welding free edge flanges of angle iron to the outsides of theside wall parts 16, there are in theside wall parts 16 provided rows ofair inlet openings 22, which outside the fuel chamber/theheart 4 are connected with air dispersion chambers I, II, or III, as the air inlet openings of each row are divided into three groups, of which the lowermost group of the respective rows are connected with air dispersion chamber I (primary combustion air), while the middle and uppermost groups are connected with the air dispersion chambers II and III (secundary combustion air). Thecooling elements 20 are connected with awater jacket 24 surrounding the cheramic suspendedarch 18. - On the
plane bottom part 14 of the heart 4 areciprocating scraper conveyor 26 is arranged, which is driven by a not shown driving mechanism from which acentral beam 28 stretching along thebottom part 14 of theheart 4 under the stoker opening 10. Thebeam 28 is provided with sidewards projectinghollow scraper elements 30 having such triangular cross section, that afront side 32 of thescraper element 30 by moving forward is pushing fuel, ashes, or clinker forward in theheart 4, and that a sharprear edge 34 of thescraper element 30 during the return stroke bring along a minimum of material. - The
hollow scraper elements 30 are connected by welding to opposite sides of thebeam 28, which in a longitudinal direction include several parallel pipe sections, namely a lower centralair supply pipe 36 with a mainly quadratic cross section, an upperbroader discharge pipe 38, and two narrowwater supply pipes 40 being placed at the outside of thepipe 36, and which are mutually connected, so that the assembledbeam 28 as a whole has a mainly quadratic cross section. - By means of
lower side openings 42 in the narrowwater supply pipes 40 thescraper elements 30 may be supplied with cooling water, which again may be discharged viaupper side openings 44 in thebroader discharge pipes 38. In the lower part of the beam 28 - between thescraper elements 30 outwardly openangular recesses 46 are provided, which viaair nozzle openings 48 are connected with theair supply pipe 36, so that primary combustion air may be admitted along both sides of thebeam 28, when this is reciprocated along the bottom part of the heart, that is under the fuel. When thescraper conveyor 26 is reciprocated in the fuel/ashes theangular recesses 46 along opposite under sides of thebeam 28 will automatically keep theair nozzle openings 48 free from fuel/ashes, so that the supplied primary combustion air unhindered may be admitted along thebottom part 14 of theheart 4. - The
scraper conveyor 26 provides for continously to transport fuel, ashes, and clinker forwards on thebottom part 16 of the heart until ashes and clinker via a brake plate 50 drop into a transverse clinker crushing worm 52 and further out of the stoker by means of a ashes disharging worm 54. - Finally it shall be emphasized, that the stoker according to the invention enables a really effective combustion of almost all solid fuel, including relative humid and possibly comminuted fuel with a little heating value, which just is possible because there is made use of a closed bottom surface and extra supply of primary combustion air via the scraper conveyor.
Claims (3)
- A solid fuel stoker comprising a tunnel shaped combustion chamber or hearth of which the lower part consists of a water cooled, double walled steel construction with a plane bottom part and upwards/outwards inclined side walls, and of which an upper curved part consists of cheramic elements, by said stoker fuel is supplied by means of a worm conveyor through a stoker opening and carried forward in the hearth by a reciprocating scraper conveyor arranged along said bottom part, said side walls - between mutual parallel water filled cooling pipes - are provided with inlet openings for combustion air, characterized in that the scraper conveyor is provided with transverse mainly triangular, hollow scraper elements being connected with a central beam which in the longitudinal direction is made from sections in such a way that the cooling water is supplied to the scraper elements via one pipe section and is discharged from the scraper elements via another pipe section, and that the scraper conveyor moreover comprises inlet openings through which primary combustion air is admitted along the bottom part of the hearth.
- A stoker according to claim 1, characterized in that the air inlet openings for admittance of primary combustion air along the bottom part of the heart is provided in the central beam and positioned between the scraper elements in outwardly opened, angular recesses along opposite sides of an underside of the beam.
- A stoker according to claim 1, characterized in that said inlet openings for combustion air in the side walls of the heart are divided into three groups each being connected with separate air inlet channels, namely so that a lowermost group is connected with an air inlet channel for primary combustion air, while middle and upper groups are connected with air inlet channels for secundary combustion air, and that - in connection with said air inlet channels - air valve means are present for controlling the air admittance to the respective groups of inlet openings.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK460/91 | 1991-03-15 | ||
DK91460A DK46091D0 (en) | 1991-03-15 | 1991-03-15 | BIOENERGY BRANDS WITH ACCESSORIES |
PCT/DK1992/000082 WO1992016791A1 (en) | 1991-03-15 | 1992-03-16 | A solid fuel stoker |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0575470A1 EP0575470A1 (en) | 1993-12-29 |
EP0575470B1 true EP0575470B1 (en) | 1994-09-21 |
Family
ID=8093805
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92907578A Expired - Lifetime EP0575470B1 (en) | 1991-03-15 | 1992-03-16 | A solid fuel stoker |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0575470B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE112031T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1453092A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69200448T2 (en) |
DK (2) | DK46091D0 (en) |
FI (1) | FI100731B (en) |
NO (1) | NO180247C (en) |
PL (1) | PL167766B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992016791A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK154692D0 (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1992-12-23 | Smidth & Co As F L | PROCEDURE AND COOLER FOR COOLING PARTICULATED MATERIAL |
ITVI20040014A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2004-04-28 | Thermorossi Spa | BURNER FOR PELLETS, CHIPPED, CEREALS AND VEGETABLE WASTE GENERAL STOVES IN GENERAL |
DE202004010592U1 (en) | 2004-07-06 | 2005-11-17 | Heizomat-Gerätebau + Energiesysteme GmbH | Heating boilers for burning solid fuel, in particular for biomass |
ITCR20070017A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-04 | Termocabi Srl | REMOVAL DEVICE FOR AGGLOMERATED RESIDUAL MATERIAL DERIVING FROM PELLET COMBUSTION OR SOLID FUEL IN GENERAL |
FI122977B (en) | 2010-11-29 | 2012-09-28 | Topi Kalle Johannes Paemppi | Procedure in a stove |
DE102012107974B3 (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2014-02-27 | M-S Consulting und Beteiligungs GmbH | Furnace for woody lumpable biomass fuels |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3168311D1 (en) * | 1980-08-19 | 1985-02-28 | Suxe Combustion Ltd | Furnace and boiler combination |
WO1984002385A1 (en) * | 1982-12-08 | 1984-06-21 | Dan Trim Aps Maskinfab | A solid fuel stoker |
DE3717579A1 (en) * | 1987-05-25 | 1988-12-08 | Gregor Pollmeier | Boiler |
NO874876L (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1989-07-14 | Saxlund As | OVEN APPLIANCE. |
-
1991
- 1991-03-15 DK DK91460A patent/DK46091D0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1992
- 1992-03-16 DK DK92907578.6T patent/DK0575470T3/en active
- 1992-03-16 DE DE69200448T patent/DE69200448T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-03-16 AU AU14530/92A patent/AU1453092A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-03-16 AT AT92907578T patent/ATE112031T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-03-16 PL PL92300635A patent/PL167766B1/en unknown
- 1992-03-16 WO PCT/DK1992/000082 patent/WO1992016791A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-03-16 EP EP92907578A patent/EP0575470B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-09-14 FI FI934017A patent/FI100731B/en active
- 1993-09-14 NO NO933275A patent/NO180247C/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0575470T3 (en) | 1994-11-14 |
FI934017A (en) | 1993-09-14 |
EP0575470A1 (en) | 1993-12-29 |
NO180247B (en) | 1996-12-02 |
FI100731B (en) | 1998-02-13 |
AU1453092A (en) | 1992-10-21 |
NO933275D0 (en) | 1993-09-14 |
ATE112031T1 (en) | 1994-10-15 |
DE69200448T2 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
PL167766B1 (en) | 1995-11-30 |
NO933275L (en) | 1993-09-14 |
NO180247C (en) | 1997-03-12 |
FI934017A0 (en) | 1993-09-14 |
DK46091D0 (en) | 1991-03-15 |
DE69200448D1 (en) | 1994-10-27 |
WO1992016791A1 (en) | 1992-10-01 |
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