EP0572155A1 - Actionneur bistable magnétique - Google Patents

Actionneur bistable magnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0572155A1
EP0572155A1 EP93303851A EP93303851A EP0572155A1 EP 0572155 A1 EP0572155 A1 EP 0572155A1 EP 93303851 A EP93303851 A EP 93303851A EP 93303851 A EP93303851 A EP 93303851A EP 0572155 A1 EP0572155 A1 EP 0572155A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
actuator
pole pieces
coil
magnets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93303851A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Zygmunt Cetnarowicz
Ralph J. Melhuish
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Publication of EP0572155A1 publication Critical patent/EP0572155A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1669—Armatures actuated by current pulse, e.g. bistable actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • H01H2051/2218—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature having at least one movable permanent magnet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bistable magnetic actuator.
  • Bistable magnetic actuators are used in electric circuit breakers and in other apparatus.
  • the invention consists in a bistable magnetic actuator having a housing of magnetic material within which an armature of magnetic material is axially movable between two stable positions, the ends of the housing being closed by pole pieces, the armature having a push rod axially slidably guided through one or each of the pole pieces, the housing containing a magnet coil which extends inside the housing substantially from one pole piece to the other, the axial dimension of the armature being such that when the actuator is in either of its stable positions, an end of the armature is in abutment with or in close proximity to a corresponding one of the pole pieces and there is an axial gap between the other end of the armature and the other of the pole pieces, permanent magnets being provided which act on the armature and pole pieces in such a way as to cause the armature to be magnetically retained in whichever of the two stable positions it is situated, without energisation of the coil, energisation of the coil by an appropriately directed electric current pulse causing an increase in flux density at the end of
  • the permanent magnets are axially magnetised magnets mounted at the ends of the armature so as to form part of the armature body.
  • the armature may be slidable, with clearance, in a brass tube liner with the coil being disposed between the said liner and the housing.
  • the permanent magnets are axially magnetised magnets stationarily mounted between the armature and the coil.
  • the dimensions of the armature, pole pieces and magnets are such that when the armature engages one pole piece the extended plane of its end engaging with said pole piece passes through the associated magnet between the poles but closer to the pole engaging the pole piece, the extended plane of the other end of the armature passing through the other magnet between the poles thereof but closer to the pole thereof remote from the other pole piece.
  • the magnets are made from sintered neodymium.
  • the bistable magnetic actuator of Fig. 1 comprises an outer shell 1 of magnetic material such as mild steel, within which a brass tube liner 2 is disposed, a magnetic winding 3, herein referred to as a coil, being disposed in the space between the shell 1 and the liner 2.
  • the ends of the shell 1 are closed off by pole pieces 4 and 5 of magnetic material such as mild steel, the pole pieces being secured to the shell by screws 6.
  • an armature 7 is provided, which can slide in the axial direction of the shell and tube, the armature 7 being guided for sliding movement by stainless steel rods 8 and 9 which are secured to the armature 7 and which slide in cylindrical brass bearing liners 10 and 11 mounted centrally in the pole pieces 4 and 5 respectively. There is a small clearance between the armature 7 and the brass tube liner 2.
  • a permanent magnet 12,13 is mounted, the magnets being axially magnetised and arranged, for example, so that the magnetic poles facing away from the body of the armature 7 are the same, for example both North poles.
  • the axial length of the armature 7, including the magnets 12 and 13 is such that when one of the magnets is in contact with one of the pole pieces, for example the magnet 13 is in contact with the pole piece 5, then there is an axial gap 14 between the other magnet and the other pole pieces. It is the axial length of the gap 14 that determines the stroke of the actuator in moving from one stable position to the other.
  • the actuator Assuming that the actuator is in the position shown in Fig. 1, it will retain that position without the coil being energised.
  • the firmness with which the position is held depends on the magnetic force existing between the magnet 13 and the pole piece 5.
  • the magnets are of neodymium which allows extremely high flux densities to be retained in the permanent magnets 12 and 13.
  • a pulse of electric current is applied to the coil 3.
  • the duration of the pulse, its magnitude and direction is preferably controlled by an electronic switch in order to ensure a controlled velocity and a uniform acceleration of the armature.
  • the pulse of electric current in the coil 3 creates a magnetic flux in such a way as to increase the flux density at the end of the coil adjacent the gap 14 and decrease the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 13 holding the armature to the pole piece 5.
  • the armature is caused to move so as to bring the magnet 12 onto the pole piece 4, at the same time creating an axial gap between the magnet 13 and the pole piece 5.
  • the armature is moved from its first stable position into its other stable position, which it retains without continued actuation of the coil 3.
  • the stainless steel rod 8 serves to transfer the axial movement of the armature 7 onto a switching device, for example a circuit breaker.
  • FIG. 1 The embodiment of Figs 2 to 4, comprises an outer shell 101 of magnetic material such as mild steel within which an annular coil 103 is disposed.
  • the opposite ends of the shell 101 are closed off by pole pieces 104 and 105 of magnetic material such as mild steel, the pole pieces being secured to the shell 101 by screws 106.
  • an armature 107 is provided, which can slide in the axial direction of the shell, the armature 7 being guided for sliding movement by non-magnetic rods 108 and 109, for example of stainless steel, running in bearings 110 and 111 in the pole pieces 104 and 105.
  • the armature 107 slides in a cylindrical brass liner 112 which is coaxial with the coil 103 and the shell 101. There is a small clearance, for example 1mm, between the armature and the inside of the brass tube liner 112.
  • two annular disk magnets 113 and 114 are provided, the magnets being axially magnetised and arranged so that their North pole faces engage the respective pole pieces 104 and 105.
  • the magnets are made of sintered neodymium segments. Such magnetic material enables extremely high magnetic forces to be provided by a small volume of material.
  • filling material 115 and a brass packer 116 are provided.
  • the dimensions of the above-described components are such that when the armature is in one of its stable positions, with the armature abutting for example the pole piece 104, there is an axial air gap 117 between the armature 107 and the other pole piece 105.
  • the armature Because of the magnetic action exerted on the armature by the magnets, the armature will remain stably in the position illustrated in Fig. 2, without the coil 3 being energised, until an appropriate pulse of electric current is applied to the coil 103.
  • the electric current pulse in the coil 103 creates a magnetic flux in such a way as to increase the flux density at the end of the actuator where the air gap 177 is, and decrease the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet holding the armature against the pole piece 104.
  • the armature 107 is caused to move into the other stable position, the air gap 117 no longer being present, but a corresponding air gap appearing between the pole piece 104 and the armature 107.
  • This invention is in respect of the bistable actuator. Any known means for providing the controlling electric current pulses may be used.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
EP93303851A 1992-05-29 1993-05-18 Actionneur bistable magnétique Withdrawn EP0572155A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9211431A GB2271668A (en) 1992-05-29 1992-05-29 Bistable magnetic actuator
GB9211431 1992-05-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0572155A1 true EP0572155A1 (fr) 1993-12-01

Family

ID=10716239

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93303851A Withdrawn EP0572155A1 (fr) 1992-05-29 1993-05-18 Actionneur bistable magnétique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0572155A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0638485A (fr)
KR (1) KR930024033A (fr)
GB (1) GB2271668A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2107333A1 (es) * 1994-05-20 1997-11-16 Univ Catalunya Politecnica Dispositivo electromecanico biestable de despalzamiento lineal y enclavamiento magnetico.
WO2010007052A2 (fr) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-21 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Actionneur pour un système de dosage
WO2019020260A1 (fr) * 2017-07-26 2019-01-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Électrovanne bistable pour système de freinage hydraulique, procédé de commande et procédé de montage associés, ainsi que système de freinage comprenant ladite électrovanne
ES2706538A1 (es) * 2017-09-29 2019-03-29 Merino Luis Alvarez Sistema de maniobras de conmutación todo o nada de mínimo consumo

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19958888A1 (de) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-13 Sheng Chih Sheng Magnetvorrichtung mit wechselbarem Magnetkreis und mit beiden Befestigungsstellen
JP4066040B2 (ja) * 2001-01-18 2008-03-26 株式会社日立製作所 電磁石およびそれを用いた開閉装置の操作機構
JP2007318859A (ja) * 2006-05-24 2007-12-06 Shinko Electric Co Ltd アクチュエータ
FI20145100L (fi) * 2014-01-30 2015-07-31 Ixtur Oy Magneetti
CN104361973B (zh) * 2014-08-29 2016-06-15 浙江工业大学 直动式双向比例电磁铁
GB201615379D0 (en) * 2016-09-09 2016-10-26 Camcon Medical Ltd Electromagnetic actuator
CN106787934B (zh) * 2016-11-24 2018-05-25 上海交通大学 磁力式多稳态介电弹性体换能器
FR3079014B1 (fr) * 2018-03-16 2020-04-17 Serac Group Actionneur de vanne, vanne et machine correspondantes

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3040217A (en) * 1959-08-10 1962-06-19 Clary Corp Electromagnetic actuator
US3461412A (en) * 1966-08-19 1969-08-12 Lucas Industries Ltd Solenoid having two-part sintered body and integral pole piece
FR2031901A5 (fr) * 1969-02-12 1970-11-20 Valroger Pierre De
DE3241254A1 (de) * 1981-11-16 1983-05-19 Moog Inc Elektromechanisches stellglied
DE3206687A1 (de) * 1982-02-25 1983-10-06 Corneliu Lungu Dipl Ing Hubmagnetantriebe mit den an die jeweiligen antriebserfordernisse angepassten kennlinien

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1008735A (en) * 1961-03-21 1965-11-03 Elliott Brothers London Ltd Improvements relating to electrical devices for producing a controlled and reversibleforce or movement in a linear direction
US3202886A (en) * 1962-01-11 1965-08-24 Bulova Watch Co Inc Bistable solenoid
US3634735A (en) * 1969-04-03 1972-01-11 Mikio Komatsu Self-holding electromagnetically driven device
US3728654A (en) * 1970-09-26 1973-04-17 Hosiden Electronics Co Solenoid operated plunger device
GB1591471A (en) * 1977-06-18 1981-06-24 Hart J C H Electromagnetic actuators
DE3323982A1 (de) * 1983-07-02 1985-01-10 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Bistabile, elektromagnetische betaetigungsvorrichtung
US4779582A (en) * 1987-08-12 1988-10-25 General Motors Corporation Bistable electromechanical valve actuator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3040217A (en) * 1959-08-10 1962-06-19 Clary Corp Electromagnetic actuator
US3461412A (en) * 1966-08-19 1969-08-12 Lucas Industries Ltd Solenoid having two-part sintered body and integral pole piece
FR2031901A5 (fr) * 1969-02-12 1970-11-20 Valroger Pierre De
DE3241254A1 (de) * 1981-11-16 1983-05-19 Moog Inc Elektromechanisches stellglied
DE3206687A1 (de) * 1982-02-25 1983-10-06 Corneliu Lungu Dipl Ing Hubmagnetantriebe mit den an die jeweiligen antriebserfordernisse angepassten kennlinien

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2107333A1 (es) * 1994-05-20 1997-11-16 Univ Catalunya Politecnica Dispositivo electromecanico biestable de despalzamiento lineal y enclavamiento magnetico.
WO2010007052A2 (fr) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-21 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Actionneur pour un système de dosage
WO2010007052A3 (fr) * 2008-07-15 2010-03-25 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Actionneur pour un système de dosage
EP3059480A1 (fr) * 2008-07-15 2016-08-24 Henkel AG & Co. KGaA Appareil de dosage
WO2019020260A1 (fr) * 2017-07-26 2019-01-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Électrovanne bistable pour système de freinage hydraulique, procédé de commande et procédé de montage associés, ainsi que système de freinage comprenant ladite électrovanne
US11351973B2 (en) 2017-07-26 2022-06-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bistable solenoid valve and method for assembling a bistable solenoid valve
ES2706538A1 (es) * 2017-09-29 2019-03-29 Merino Luis Alvarez Sistema de maniobras de conmutación todo o nada de mínimo consumo

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0638485A (ja) 1994-02-10
GB9211431D0 (en) 1992-07-15
GB2271668A (en) 1994-04-20
KR930024033A (ko) 1993-12-21

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