EP0567787B1 - Control valve - Google Patents

Control valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0567787B1
EP0567787B1 EP93105087A EP93105087A EP0567787B1 EP 0567787 B1 EP0567787 B1 EP 0567787B1 EP 93105087 A EP93105087 A EP 93105087A EP 93105087 A EP93105087 A EP 93105087A EP 0567787 B1 EP0567787 B1 EP 0567787B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
housing
valve
chamber
spindle
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93105087A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0567787A1 (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FISHER-GULDE REGELARMATUREN GMBH & CO. KG.
Original Assignee
Fisher-Gulde Regelarmaturen & Co Kg GmbH
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Publication of EP0567787A1 publication Critical patent/EP0567787A1/en
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Publication of EP0567787B1 publication Critical patent/EP0567787B1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/16Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid with a mechanism, other than pulling-or pushing-rod, between fluid motor and closure member
    • F16K31/165Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid with a mechanism, other than pulling-or pushing-rod, between fluid motor and closure member the fluid acting on a diaphragm

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control valve with a particularly pneumatically actuated actuator according to the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a control valve is known from US-A-4 069 839, which is provided for regulating a gas pressure.
  • the valve housing is connected to a pressure chamber, which is acted upon by the gas pressure present behind the valve in the direction of flow.
  • a bolt of an actuator projects into the pressure chamber, the other chamber of which is separated from the pressure chamber in a known manner by means of a membrane.
  • the bolt mentioned is coupled to the valve spindle via a lever within the pressure chamber.
  • a spring is arranged in the other chamber of the actuator, the spring force of which can be predetermined by adjusting a threaded bolt, in order to set a target value of the gas pressure in the flow direction behind the valve.
  • a control valve with a diaphragm actuator is known from US-A-4,343,224, the diaphragm of which is arranged coaxially with the axially displaceable valve spindle and is directly coupled to it.
  • a positioner is arranged on the side of a yoke, which taps the stroke of the valve spindle via a lever.
  • the construction volume and the construction height are comparatively large, especially due to the open adaptation of the diaphragm actuator with the valve housing and due to the freely accessible tap of the spindle position via the lever of the positioner. In practice, this open design can lead to difficulties, in particular due to the application of protective coats and unintentional misalignments.
  • a pressure regulator with an integrated diaphragm drive is known from US Pat. No. 2,895,501, which can be used in particular in gas lines for ovens or water heaters.
  • One chamber of the diaphragm drive is acted upon by the medium flowing through it when the valve is open, while the other chamber can be acted upon in particular by the pressure of the water to be heated to open the valve.
  • the diaphragm actuator uses a lever to adjust the valve body according to the balance of forces on the diaphragm. Pressure changes in the chambers corresponding to the instantaneous pressure of the gas and the water directly change the position of the valve body and an exact specification of the flow cross section through the valve is not readily possible.
  • a flow regulator is known from German Offenlegungsschrift 21 49 915, which has a lever in an externally sealed chamber, which is connected between an electromagnetic actuator and a valve.
  • the actuator contains a bolt which rests with a hemispherical tip on one side of the lever.
  • the valve spindle is also in contact with a rounded tip, whereby the spring is attached to the lever.
  • a tap for the axial position of the valve spindle and a positioner are not available. Since the bolt of the actuator and also the valve spindle only abut the lever, additional measures are necessary so that, for example, the bolt is moved against the lever when the bolt moves away from the lever.
  • valve body is part of a piston which is axially displaceable in a cylinder and is acted upon by a spring.
  • the spring is located in a chamber of the cylinder and this chamber communicates with a vent valve.
  • the Vent valve can be actuated by means of an electromagnetic drive and a lever, with a limitation of the adjustment path being specified by means of screws and springs.
  • the position of the valve body integrated in the piston cannot be specified in a defined manner, especially since the valve designed in this way is either completely open or completely shut off, with defined intermediate positions not being readily specifiable.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a control valve with an actuator of the type mentioned in such a way that a compact and encapsulated design can be achieved with economical production and assembly.
  • a problem-free and reliable positioner adaptation should be ensured, with the disadvantageous effects of external influences being largely avoided.
  • With a functionally reliable design high accuracy and a long service life should be guaranteed.
  • the proposed valve with the integrated actuator and positioner has a compact structure and a small overall volume. Because of the lever connected between the valve spindle and the actuator, which is designed in particular as a diaphragm drive, large forces can be realized with a comparatively small actuator or with small diaphragms.
  • the drive has a high level of accuracy and service life, while ensuring economical manufacture and assembly.
  • the proposed control valve has a large control ratio and a high control accuracy, with a control ratio of up to 1: 100 being realized reliably in a compact and economical construction. Appropriately, the actuator does not have a separate guide, so that low friction is ensured.
  • a compensating coupling can be arranged between the lever and the valve spindle, by means of which an offset between the guide elements and the valve spindle can be compensated for during assembly.
  • the production and assembly effort is reduced, since the guide elements and / or the coupling easily compensate for manufacturing tolerances or alignment errors between the lever housing and the valve housing and, above all, at least considerably reduce those that are directed transversely to the direction of movement of the axially movable valve spindle and ultimately avoid them.
  • the spring contained in the actuator can have a considerably lower rigidity, especially since the square of the ratio must be taken into account for the rigidity of the spring. Due to the considerably softer spring of the actuator, which is designed in particular as a diaphragm drive, in comparison with direct spindle actuation, lateral forces are practically avoided.
  • the mode of operation can be inverted without any problems simply by changing the mounting of the lever mentioned.
  • the lever is mounted in a closed housing, which forms the connection between the valve housing and the actuator.
  • the housing containing the lever which is referred to below as the lever housing, also contains the connecting means for connection to the upper part of the valve housing and, expediently, a spindle coupling for absorbing transverse forces.
  • the lever housing contains an encapsulated chamber for the lever, which is essentially transverse to the axis of the valve spindle and the axis of the actuator lies, these axes are advantageously arranged parallel and spaced from each other.
  • the lever housing contains a further chamber which is oriented essentially parallel to the valve spindle and in which the valve spindle and possibly parts of a guide device and coupling with the lever are arranged.
  • the lever housing with the two chambers has an L-like contour and is formed in one piece at least for smaller valve sizes, namely up to nominal diameters DN 50.
  • the lever housing can also be constructed from two parts, each of which contains one of the chambers mentioned and is detachably connected to one another.
  • the positioner is also directly attached to the lever housing, with the stroke being tapped via the lever and / or its axis of rotation.
  • the positioner is arranged on one side of the lever housing and seals the lever housing there. Additional protection against atmospheric influences of the components on the unpressurized side of the actuator and in the lever housing is ensured by means of the overflow air from the positioner. All interiors of the actuator and the lever housing chamber of the lever housing are expediently protected against outside air, thereby achieving considerable advantages in terms of functional reliability and service life.
  • the control valve is provided with a bellows seal known per se. Since the length of a bellows seal is practically proportional to the stroke of the valve spindle, the proposed combination with the lever ratio and the resulting shortening of the stroke also reduces the bellows length accordingly. Thus, the bellows suitably containing Upper part and overall height can be reduced according to the gear ratio. This creates an inexpensive bellows valve that meets the safety requirements, in particular in accordance with the German TA-LUFT regulation or comparable regulations applicable abroad. Nevertheless, due to the lever ratio, a high degree of positioning accuracy is guaranteed, especially since the positioner is expediently coupled to the side of the actuator, which, taking into account the lever ratio, executes a larger travel range than the valve spindle.
  • valve housing 2 shows in a longitudinal section a forged valve housing 2 with an upper part 4, in which a valve spindle 6 is arranged to be axially movable in the direction of a spindle axis 8.
  • the upper part 4 is connected by means of threaded bolts 10 to a housing flange 12 which is arranged approximately in the middle of the housing 2 and through which the longitudinal axis 14 runs.
  • the valve housing 2 namely in the flow direction behind the valve cone 16 has a relaxation chamber 18 with a large volume.
  • This large expansion chamber enables particularly favorable flow parameters to be achieved.
  • the forming energy available in the forging process is put into the manufacture of the large expansion chamber 18, while the inlet opening 20 and the outlet opening 22 are produced by drilling.
  • the connecting chamber 24 lying coaxially to the expansion chamber 18 at the end of the inlet opening 20 can be produced during the forging process and / or by drilling.
  • the valve upper part 4 contains a bellows 26 for sealing the stem. Since the valve spindle 6 has a small stroke due to the lever ratio to be explained, the bellows has a comparatively short length in the direction of the valve axis 8. The valve upper part and overall the control valve thus have a considerably reduced overall height in comparison with known directly driven bellows valves.
  • a rotation lock is also preferably provided for the valve spindle 6.
  • a pin 28 which is provided for connecting the valve spindle 6 to the valve cone 16, is guided with its two ends in longitudinal grooves 29 with respect to the upper part 4. Due to this rotation lock, torsion forces are kept away from the bellows, which has a favorable influence on its service life and functional reliability.
  • a lever housing 30 is fixedly connected to the valve upper part 4 and contains a first chamber 31 coaxial with the spindle axis 8 as well as a transverse second chamber 32.
  • a safety seal 33 is provided at the lower end of the first chamber 31.
  • a safety seal 33 with sprung roof sleeves is shown here, which has a large proportion in the variety of different types of packaging. Such a design is fundamentally quite reliable as long as there are no transverse forces in the roof seals. Appropriate measures to avoid transverse forces are explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5.
  • a lever 34 is pivotally mounted on a bearing block 36 about an axis 38.
  • the bearing block 36 is expediently fork-shaped, with the lever 34 being arranged between two arms spaced transversely to the plane of the drawing.
  • the connection and articulation of the valve spindle 6 to the lever 34 takes place via a joint part 40 and a coupling 41 with a guide body 42, a first distance or lever arm 46 being present between the articulation axis 44 and the axis of rotation 38.
  • Guide surfaces 45 in the lever housing 30 are assigned to the guide body 42.
  • the guide elements designed in this way ensure that transverse forces are kept away from the coupled valve spindle and essentially only axial forces are exerted by the lever on the valve spindle.
  • the guide elements are expediently arranged in the region of the intermediate wall between the two chambers 31 and 32.
  • a sealing of the encapsulated chamber 32 is ensured at least to the extent that no foreign bodies can get into the chamber 32. Exhaust air flowing into the encapsulated chamber 32 from the positioner may escape, however.
  • the guide means may not be arranged between the two chambers, but instead may be arranged entirely in one or the other chamber, with sealing elements in the form of sealing rings or the like preferably being between the two chambers 31 and 32 are arranged.
  • a joint body 50 is arranged rotatable about a shaft 52 at a second distance 48.
  • the joint body 50 of this fork joint is used to connect to the actuator 51, which is preferably designed here as a diaphragm drive.
  • the second distance 48 is evidently greater than the first distance 46 and consequently large forces are exerted on the valve spindle 6 with a comparatively small actuator 51 by means of this expedient lever transmission.
  • the membrane housing 54 has a lower housing part 55 and an upper housing part 56, which are tightly connected to one another by means of a tension band 58.
  • the upper housing part 56 contains a connection 60 for pressure medium, with a membrane spring plate 62 inside is supported by a compression spring 64.
  • the spring 64 has a comparatively low spring stiffness, taking into account the lever transmission ratio. In this way, transverse forces are largely avoided in a particularly expedient manner. Special measures for guiding the movable drive part, the actuator 51, are therefore not necessary and disadvantageous influences due to friction are avoided.
  • An annular membrane 66 is clamped radially on the outside between the two housing parts 55 and 56 and is fixed radially on the inside by means of a ring 68 on the outer edge 70 of the membrane plate 62.
  • the ring 68 has a high stiffness and is designed in particular as a steel ring. This ring 68 with high tensile rigidity enables the diaphragm 66 to be reliably fixed to the edge of the plate 62.
  • This special construction enables simple assembly and disassembly, with no safety components being required. There is a simple and reliable membrane fastening, it being possible to provide a wire or wires embedded in the inner edge of the membrane instead of the steel ring 68 shown here.
  • the diaphragm spring plate 62 contains an inner part 72 surrounded by the spring 64, in the lower end 74 of which the joint body 50 of the fork joint with an external thread 78 is screwed in by means of a threaded sleeve 76.
  • the diaphragm spring plate 62 is thus supported and guided via the lever 34, an annular gap 80 permitting sufficient transverse mobility of the end 74 of the inner part 72 with respect to the bottom opening of the lower housing part 55 and an opening 82 of the lever housing 30.
  • the positioner the overflow air of which is conducted into the encapsulated second chamber 32, is arranged directly on the lever housing 30.
  • the diaphragm housing 54 with the housing parts 55 and 56 and the diaphragm spring plate 62 can be made from metallic materials as well as from non-metallic materials, such as, in particular, GRP. In this respect, the comparatively small diameters are important, although the required actuating forces can nevertheless be transferred to the valve spindle 6 due to the lever ratio.
  • the membrane 66 is arranged comparatively deep or axially spaced with respect to the lower contact surface 84 of the membrane spring plate 62 for the compression spring 64.
  • an effective surface that is largely constant over the stroke of the diaphragm spring plate 62 is present for the diaphragm, specifically in relation to the actuating force of the diaphragm 66 that is low with respect to the contact surface 84 of the spring 64.
  • the lever 34 has a free bore 86 on the left, while the lever housing 30 has a second bearing block 88 in the chamber 32.
  • the free bore 86 is at a distance 90 from the second bearing block 88 in the direction of the spindle axis 8.
  • This second bearing block 88 like the first bearing block 36, is also a fork formed, between the two arms of which the end of the lever 34 can be arranged with the bore 86.
  • the lever 34 can be pivotably attached to the second bearing block 88 by means of an axis instead of to the first bearing block 36.
  • valve spindle 6 with the valve cone 16 is then raised in the depressurized state, so that the control valve closes when pressure is applied.
  • the direction of action can thus be inverted in a simple manner without disassembling the membrane housing.
  • the second chamber 32 of the lever housing 30 contains a ventilation device 94. This ventilation device 94 is inserted in a bore 96 of the lever housing 30 and enables the overflow air of the positioner introduced into the second chamber to flow away.
  • the bore 96 is expediently arranged with respect to the first adjusting screw 91 in such a way that after removal of the ventilation device 94 containing a plastic stopper, a screwdriver can be passed through the bore 96 to actuate the adjusting screw 91.
  • Fig. 2 shows a section through the chamber 32 of the lever housing 30, without the joint body of the fork joint. Between the two parallel parts of the double-armed Lever 34, the first bearing block 36, the joint part 40 and the associated axes 38 and 44 are clearly visible. By converting the axis 38 into the second bearing block 88 and the free bores 86 of the lever 34, the already explained inversion of the direction of action takes place.
  • the lever housing 30 contains a flange 98 at the bottom, via which the connection to the valve upper part takes place.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged embodiment of the diaphragm 66 and its attachment to the diaphragm spring plate 62.
  • individual wires 100 are integrated in the peripheral direction in the edge 102 of the diaphragm 66.
  • the edge 102 is expediently designed as an annular bead which engages in an annular groove 104 of the plate 62 which opens radially outwards.
  • the diaphragm spring plate 62 has a nose 106 on the unpressurized side, which ensures a functionally reliable fit.
  • the membrane edge 102 is pressed against the nose 106, which protrudes radially outward, in a functionally reliable manner.
  • the outside diameter of the nose 106 and the diameter of the wires 100 mentioned are matched to one another in order to ensure a reliable and tight fit.
  • the upper housing part 56 has an annular groove 108, in which an annular bead 110 of the membrane 66 arranged radially on the outside engages.
  • a turnbuckle 112 for the tensioning strap 58 can also be clearly seen here.
  • Fig. 4 shows a side view of the housing 54 of the actuator 51 and the lever housing 30, to which the Positioner 114 is directly adapted in a particularly compact design.
  • the positioner 114 has a plate 115 which is tightly connected to the lever housing 30.
  • the electropneumatic or pneumatic positioner 114 seals the second chamber of the lever housing 30 on one side.
  • a cover 116 is provided which is fastened with screws 118. With seals not shown here, a good seal of the encapsulated second chamber of the lever housing 30 can be ensured.
  • the second chamber is easily accessible in order, for example, to enable the direction of action to be inverted by implementing the lever bearing.
  • the stroke of the valve spindle is carried out indirectly on the lever in the second chamber.
  • the first chamber of the lever housing 30, however, is not encapsulated but partially open.
  • a cover plate 119 is provided on each side of the chamber. These cover plates 119 only extend over part of the total height of the first chamber. The size or height of the cover plates 119 is specified in order to avoid the risk of accidents such that in particular the insertion of a finger into the first chamber is practically impossible.
  • connection between the positioner 114 and the diaphragm actuator 54 takes place via a line 120, the line 120 being tightly connected to the connection 60 in a known manner.
  • connection to the valve upper part 4 is established via the flange 98. Due to the direct adaptation of the positioner 114 to the lever housing 30, in particular directly in the area of the encapsulated second chamber, its overflow air can be passed into the second chamber for purging without any problems. It should be noted that there is a connection or connection between the positioner 114 and the lever housing 30. If necessary, the flushing of the lever housing and the depressurized parts of the diaphragm drive by means of nitrogen or a pressure medium, for which appropriate connections can easily be provided.
  • FIG. 5 shows the particularly expedient coupling of the valve spindle 6 by means of the guide body 42 to the diaphragm drive via the lever (not shown here).
  • a partition 122 between the first chamber 31 and the second chamber 32 can be seen here from the lever housing.
  • the partition 122 contains a bore with a guide bush 124 with the guide surface 45 for the guide body 42.
  • the guide body 42 has a central bore into which the valve spindle 6 engages with a pin 126.
  • the pin 126 is inserted into the guide body 42 with a precise fit.
  • the guide body 42 is guided exactly in the lever housing, and overall transverse forces are expediently compensated for and kept away from the valve spindle 6 and the safety seal 33.
  • the guide body 42 contains a centering cone 128 at the lower end, which cooperates with a slotted cone nut 130.
  • the cone nut 130 is a slotted and conically turned standard nut, which is screwed onto the external thread 131 of the valve spindle 6.
  • the centering cone 128 and the cone nut 130 are clamped to one another by means of two coupling halves 132 and screws 134, with the slotted cone nut 130 ensuring the rotation and the axial securing.
  • the first chamber 31 is open on its sides parallel to the plane of the drawing, so that the coupling 41 explained can be easily adjusted and checked.
  • the clutch 41 ensures a high center accuracy and is self-centering, whereby simple assembly and adjustment is ensured.
  • a very precise and lateral force-free guidance of the spindle 6 is ensured.
  • Fig. 6 shows a known valve housing 2 in a forged version. Such a housing can be forged from the full and subsequently drilled out.
  • the housing flange 12 required for connecting the upper valve part is arranged on the upper housing edge 136.
  • the expansion chamber 18 has a comparatively small volume, which is disadvantageous for the fluidic parameters.
  • the valve housing 2 according to the invention with the large expansion chamber 18 is shown.
  • the relaxation chamber 18 is surrounded by a substantially cylindrical wall 138.
  • the housing flange 12 is not arranged on the upper edge 136, but in the region of the bottom 140 of the expansion chamber 18.
  • the wall 138 has a largely constant wall thickness over its entire height.
  • the outer diameter 139 of the wall 138 is essentially the same size as the length 142 of the outer edges of the approximately square housing flange 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
  • Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

A control valve contains an actuating drive (51), by means of which a valve spindle (6) can be moved, and a positioner (114). The valve spindle (6) is coupled via a lever (34) to a joint member (50) of the actuating drive. The lever (34) is pivotably mounted in a lever housing (30) which is connected, on the one hand, to the valve housing (2) and, on the other hand, to the housing (54) of the actuating drive, the positioner (114) being arranged on the lever housing (30). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Stellventil mit einem insbesondere pneumatisch betätigbaren Stellantrieb gemäß den im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention relates to a control valve with a particularly pneumatically actuated actuator according to the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiges Stellventil ist aus der US-A-4 069 839 bekannt, welches zur Regelung eines Gasdrucks vorgesehen ist. Das Ventilgehäuse ist mit einer Druckkammer verbunden, welche von dem in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Ventil anstehenden Gasdruck beaufschlagt wird. In die Druckkammer ragt ein Bolzen eines Stellantriebs, dessen andere Kammer mittels einer Membrane von der Druckkammer in bekannter Weise getrennt ist. Innerhalb der Druckkammer ist der genannte Bolzen über einen Hebel mit der Ventilspindel gekoppelt. In der anderen Kammer des Stellantriebs ist eine Feder angeordnet, deren Federkraft durch Verstellen eines Gewindebolzens vorgebbar ist, um so einen Sollwert des Gasdrucks in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Ventil einzustellen.Such a control valve is known from US-A-4 069 839, which is provided for regulating a gas pressure. The valve housing is connected to a pressure chamber, which is acted upon by the gas pressure present behind the valve in the direction of flow. A bolt of an actuator projects into the pressure chamber, the other chamber of which is separated from the pressure chamber in a known manner by means of a membrane. The bolt mentioned is coupled to the valve spindle via a lever within the pressure chamber. A spring is arranged in the other chamber of the actuator, the spring force of which can be predetermined by adjusting a threaded bolt, in order to set a target value of the gas pressure in the flow direction behind the valve.

Ferner ist aus der US-A-4 343 224 ein Stellventil mit einem Membranantrieb bekannt, dessen Membrane koaxial zur axial verschiebbaren Ventilspindel angeordnet und unmittelbar mit dieser gekoppelt ist. Seitlich eines Joches ist ein Stellungsregler angeordnet, welcher über einen Hebel den Hub der Ventilspindel abgreift. Das Bauvolumen sowie die Bauhöhe sind vergleichsweise groß, und zwar vor allem aufgrund der offenen Adaption des Membranantriebs mit dem Ventilgehäuse und aufgrund des frei zugänglichen Abgriffs der Spindelstellung über den Hebel des Stellungsreglers. Diese offene Bauweise kann in der Praxis zu Schwierigkeiten führen, insbesondere durch Aufbringen von Schutzanstrichen und durch unbeabsichtige Dejustierungen.Furthermore, a control valve with a diaphragm actuator is known from US-A-4,343,224, the diaphragm of which is arranged coaxially with the axially displaceable valve spindle and is directly coupled to it. A positioner is arranged on the side of a yoke, which taps the stroke of the valve spindle via a lever. The construction volume and the construction height are comparatively large, especially due to the open adaptation of the diaphragm actuator with the valve housing and due to the freely accessible tap of the spindle position via the lever of the positioner. In practice, this open design can lead to difficulties, in particular due to the application of protective coats and unintentional misalignments.

Aus der US-PS 2 895 501 ist ein Druckregler mit integriertem Membranantrieb bekannt, welcher insbesondere in Gasleitungen für Öfen oder Durchlauferhitzer eingesetzt werden kann. Die eine Kammer des Membranantriebs wird bei geöffnetem Ventil von dem durch dieses strömende Medium beaufschlagt, während die andere Kammer insbesondere vom Druck des zu erwärmenden Wassers zum Öffnen des Ventils beaufschlagbar ist. Der Membranantrieb verstellt über einen Hebel den Ventilkörper entsprechend dem sich einstellenden Gleichgewicht der Kräfte an der Membran. Druckänderungen in den Kammern entsprechend dem momentanen Druck des Gases sowie des Wassers bewirken unmittelbar eine Änderung der Stellung des Ventilkörpers und eine exakte Vorgabe des Durchflußquerschnittes durch das Ventil ist nicht ohne weiteres möglich.A pressure regulator with an integrated diaphragm drive is known from US Pat. No. 2,895,501, which can be used in particular in gas lines for ovens or water heaters. One chamber of the diaphragm drive is acted upon by the medium flowing through it when the valve is open, while the other chamber can be acted upon in particular by the pressure of the water to be heated to open the valve. The diaphragm actuator uses a lever to adjust the valve body according to the balance of forces on the diaphragm. Pressure changes in the chambers corresponding to the instantaneous pressure of the gas and the water directly change the position of the valve body and an exact specification of the flow cross section through the valve is not readily possible.

Ferner ist aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 21 49 915 ein Strömungsregler bekannt, welcher in einer nach außen abgedichteten Kammer einen Hebel aufweist, welcher zwischen einen elektromagnetischen Stellantrieb und ein Ventil geschaltet ist. Der Stellantrieb enthält einen Bolzen, welcher mit einer halbkugelförmig ausgebildeten Spitze an einer Seite des Hebels anliegt. An der anderen Seite des Hebels liegt die Ventilspindel gleichfalls mit einer abgerundeten Spitze an, wobei mittels einer Feder die Anlage am Hebel gewährleistet ist. Ein Abgriff für die axiale Stellung der Ventilspindel und ein Stellungsregler sind nicht vorhanden. Da der Bolzen des Stellantriebs und ebenso die Ventilspindel an dem Hebel nur anliegen sind zusätzliche Maßnahmen notwendig, damit beispielsweise bei einer vom Hebel weggerichteten Bewegung des Bolzens dessen Anlage am Hebel sichergestellt ist.Furthermore, a flow regulator is known from German Offenlegungsschrift 21 49 915, which has a lever in an externally sealed chamber, which is connected between an electromagnetic actuator and a valve. The actuator contains a bolt which rests with a hemispherical tip on one side of the lever. On the other side of the lever, the valve spindle is also in contact with a rounded tip, whereby the spring is attached to the lever. A tap for the axial position of the valve spindle and a positioner are not available. Since the bolt of the actuator and also the valve spindle only abut the lever, additional measures are necessary so that, for example, the bolt is moved against the lever when the bolt moves away from the lever.

Schließlich ist aus der US-PS 2 657 710 eine Vorrichtung zur Betätigung eines Ventils bekannt. Der Ventilkörper ist Bestandteil eines Kolbens, welcher in einem Zylinder axial verschiebbar ist und von einer Feder beaufschlagt ist. Die Feder ist in einer Kammer des Zylinders angeordnet und diese Kammer steht mit einem Entlüftungsventil in Verbindung. Das Entlüftungsventil ist mittels eines elektromagnetischen Antriebs und einem Hebel betätigbar, wobei mittels Schrauben und Federn eine Begrenzung des Verstellweges vorgegeben wird. Die Stellung des in den Kolben integrierten Ventilkörpers kann nicht definiert vorgegeben werden, zumal das derart ausgebildete Ventil entweder vollständig geöffnet ist oder vollständig absperrt, wobei definierte Zwischenstellungen nicht ohne weiteres vorgebbar sind.Finally, a device for actuating a valve is known from US Pat. No. 2,657,710. The valve body is part of a piston which is axially displaceable in a cylinder and is acted upon by a spring. The spring is located in a chamber of the cylinder and this chamber communicates with a vent valve. The Vent valve can be actuated by means of an electromagnetic drive and a lever, with a limitation of the adjustment path being specified by means of screws and springs. The position of the valve body integrated in the piston cannot be specified in a defined manner, especially since the valve designed in this way is either completely open or completely shut off, with defined intermediate positions not being readily specifiable.

Davon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Stellventil mit Stellantrieb der genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß eine kompakte und gekapselte Bauform, bei wirtschaftlicher Fertigung und Montage erreicht werden. Es soll eine problemlose und zuverlässige Stellungsregler-Adaption gewährleistet sein, wobei nachteilige Auswirkungen von äußeren Einflüssen weitgehend vermieden werden sollen. Es soll bei funktionssicherer Bauweise eine hohe Genauigkeit und eine hohe Lebensdauer gewährleistet sein.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to develop a control valve with an actuator of the type mentioned in such a way that a compact and encapsulated design can be achieved with economical production and assembly. A problem-free and reliable positioner adaptation should be ensured, with the disadvantageous effects of external influences being largely avoided. With a functionally reliable design, high accuracy and a long service life should be guaranteed.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt gemäß den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.This object is achieved according to the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Das vorgeschlagene Ventil mit dem integrierten Stellantrieb und Stellungsregler weist einen kompakten Aufbau und ein geringes Bauvolumen auf. Aufgrund des zwischen Ventilspindel und dem Stellantrieb, welcher insbesondere als Membranantrieb ausgebildet ist, geschalteten Hebels können große Kräfte mit einem vergleichsweise kleinen Stellantrieb bzw. mit kleinen Membranen realisiert werden. Der Antrieb weist eine hohe Genauigkeit und Lebensdauer auf, wobei eine wirtschaftliche Herstellung und Montage sichergestellt ist. Das vorgeschlagene Stellventil weist ein großes Stellverhältnis und eine hohe Stellgenauigkeit auf, wobei in kompakter und wirtschaftlicher Bauweise ein Stellverhältnis bis 1:100 funktionssicher realisiert wird. In zweckmäßiger Weise weist der Stellantrieb keine separate Führung auf, so daß eine geringe Reibung gewährleistet ist. Zwischen dem Hebel und der Ventilspindel sind Führungselemente derart angeordnet, daß über den Hebel auf die Ventilspindel im wesentlichen nur axiale Kräfte zu deren Verstellung einwirken. Hierdurch werden Querkräfte von der Ventilspindel ferngehalten, so daß die Dichtungen zur Durchführung der Ventilspindel in das Ventilgehäuse nicht zusätzlich belastet werden und eine hohe Lebensdauer und Funktionssicherheit gewährleistet wird. Des weiteren kann zwischen dem Hebel und der Ventilspindel eine Ausgleichskupplung angeordnet sein, mittels welcher bei der Montage ein Versatz zwischen den Führungselementen und der Ventilspindel ausgleichbar ist. Der Fertigungs- und Montageaufwand wird reduziert, da über die Führungselemente und/oder die Kupplung problemlos ein Ausgleich von Fertigungstoleranzen oder Ausrichtfehler zwischen dem Hebelgehäuse und dem Ventilgehäuse erfolgt und vor allem quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der axialbewegbaren Ventilspindel gerichtete zumindest erheblich reduziert und letztendlich vermieden werden. Aufgrund der Hebelübersetzung kann die im Stellantrieb enthaltene Feder eine erheblich geringere Steifigkeit aufweisen, zumal das Quadrat des Übersetzungsverhältnisses für die Steifigkeit der Feder zu berücksichtigen ist. Durch die im Vergleich mit einer direkten Spindelbetätigung erheblich weichere Feder des Stellantriebs, der insbesondere als Membranantrieb ausgebildet ist, werden Querkräfte praktisch vermieden. Die Invertierung der Wirkungsweise kann problemlos durchgeführt werden, indem lediglich die Lagerung des genannten Hebels verändert wird.The proposed valve with the integrated actuator and positioner has a compact structure and a small overall volume. Because of the lever connected between the valve spindle and the actuator, which is designed in particular as a diaphragm drive, large forces can be realized with a comparatively small actuator or with small diaphragms. The drive has a high level of accuracy and service life, while ensuring economical manufacture and assembly. The proposed control valve has a large control ratio and a high control accuracy, with a control ratio of up to 1: 100 being realized reliably in a compact and economical construction. Appropriately, the actuator does not have a separate guide, so that low friction is ensured. Between the lever and the valve stem guide elements are arranged in such a way that essentially only axial forces act on the valve spindle to adjust them. As a result, transverse forces are kept away from the valve spindle, so that the seals for carrying the valve spindle into the valve housing are not additionally loaded and a long service life and functional reliability are guaranteed. Furthermore, a compensating coupling can be arranged between the lever and the valve spindle, by means of which an offset between the guide elements and the valve spindle can be compensated for during assembly. The production and assembly effort is reduced, since the guide elements and / or the coupling easily compensate for manufacturing tolerances or alignment errors between the lever housing and the valve housing and, above all, at least considerably reduce those that are directed transversely to the direction of movement of the axially movable valve spindle and ultimately avoid them. Due to the lever ratio, the spring contained in the actuator can have a considerably lower rigidity, especially since the square of the ratio must be taken into account for the rigidity of the spring. Due to the considerably softer spring of the actuator, which is designed in particular as a diaphragm drive, in comparison with direct spindle actuation, lateral forces are practically avoided. The mode of operation can be inverted without any problems simply by changing the mounting of the lever mentioned.

Der Hebel ist in einem geschlossenen Gehäuse gelagert, welches die Verbindung vom Ventilgehäuse und dem Stellantrieb bildet. Das den Hebel enthaltende Gehäuse, welches nachfolgend als Hebelgehäuse bezeichnet wird, enthält ferner die Verbindungsmittel zum Anschluß an das Oberteil des Ventilgehäuses sowie in zweckmäßiger Weise eine Spindel-Kupplung zur Aufnahme von Querkräften. Das Hebelgehäuse enthält für den Hebel eine gekapselte Kammer, welche im wesentlichen quer zur Achse der Ventilspindel sowie der Achse des Stellantriebs liegt, wobei diese Achsen in zweckmäßiger Weise parallel und beabstandet zueinander angeordnet sind. Das Hebelgehäuse enthält eine weitere, im wesentlichen parallel zur Ventilspindel ausgerichtete Kammer, in welcher die Ventilspindel und ggfs. Teile einer Führungseinrichtung und Kupplung mit dem Hebel angeordnet sind. Insgesamt weist das Hebelgehäuse mit den beiden Kammern eine L-artige Kontur auf und ist zumindest für kleinere Ventilgrößen, und zwar bis zu Nennweiten DN 50, einteilig ausgebildet. Für größere Nennweiten kann das Hebelgehäuse auch aus zwei Teilen aufgebaut sein, welche jeweils eine der genannten Kammern enthalten und lösbar miteinander verbunden sind.The lever is mounted in a closed housing, which forms the connection between the valve housing and the actuator. The housing containing the lever, which is referred to below as the lever housing, also contains the connecting means for connection to the upper part of the valve housing and, expediently, a spindle coupling for absorbing transverse forces. The lever housing contains an encapsulated chamber for the lever, which is essentially transverse to the axis of the valve spindle and the axis of the actuator lies, these axes are advantageously arranged parallel and spaced from each other. The lever housing contains a further chamber which is oriented essentially parallel to the valve spindle and in which the valve spindle and possibly parts of a guide device and coupling with the lever are arranged. Overall, the lever housing with the two chambers has an L-like contour and is formed in one piece at least for smaller valve sizes, namely up to nominal diameters DN 50. For larger nominal widths, the lever housing can also be constructed from two parts, each of which contains one of the chambers mentioned and is detachably connected to one another.

An dem Hebelgehäuse ist ferner der Stellungsregler unmittelbar befestigt, wobei der Hubabgriff über den Hebel und/oder dessen Drehachse erfolgt. Es ist eine integrierte Stellungsregler-Adaption mit einem mittelbaren Hubabgriff der Stellung der Ventilspindel vorhanden, wobei das Gehäuse mit dem Hebel zweckmäßig einen Anschluß für die Überströmnluft des Stellungsreglers aufweist. Der Stellungsregler ist auf einer Seite des Hebelgehäuses angeordnet und schließt dort das Hebelgehäuse dicht ab. Ferner wird ein zusätzlicher Schutz gegen atmosphärische Einflüsse der Bauteile auf der drucklosen Seite des Stellantriebes sowie im Hebelgehäuse mittels der Überströmluft des Stellungsreglers gewährleistet. In zweckmäßiger Weise sind alle Innenräume des Stellantriebs und der den Hebel aufweisenden Kammer des Hebelgehäuses gegen Außenluft geschützt, wodurch erhebliche Vorteile hinsichtlich Funktionssicherheit und Lebensdauer erreicht werden.The positioner is also directly attached to the lever housing, with the stroke being tapped via the lever and / or its axis of rotation. There is an integrated positioner adaptation with an indirect stroke tapping of the position of the valve spindle, the housing with the lever expediently having a connection for the overflow air of the positioner. The positioner is arranged on one side of the lever housing and seals the lever housing there. Additional protection against atmospheric influences of the components on the unpressurized side of the actuator and in the lever housing is ensured by means of the overflow air from the positioner. All interiors of the actuator and the lever housing chamber of the lever housing are expediently protected against outside air, thereby achieving considerable advantages in terms of functional reliability and service life.

In einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung ist das Stellventil mit einer an sich bekannten Faltenbalgdichtung versehen. Da die Länge einer Faltenbalgdichtung praktisch proportional dem Hub der Ventilspindel ist, wird durch die vorgeschlagene Kombination mit der Hebelübersetzung und der dadurch bedingten Verkürzung des Hubs auch die Faltenbalglänge entsprechend reduziert. Somit kann das den Faltenbalg zweckmäßig enthaltende Oberteil und insgesamt die Bauhöhe entsprechend dem Übersetzungsverhältnis reduziert werden. Es ist damit ein preisgünstiges Faltenbalgventil geschaffen, welches den Sicherheitsanforderungen, insbesondere gemäß der deutschen Verordnung TA-LUFT oder vergleichbaren im Ausland geltenden Vorschriften, entspricht. Gleichwohl wird aufgrund der Hebelübersetzung eine hohe Stellgenauigkeit gewährleistet, zumal der Stellungsregler in zweckmäßiger Weise auf der Seite des Stellantriebs angekoppelt ist, welcher unter Berücksichtigung der Hebelübersetzung einen größeren Stellweg als die Ventilspindel ausführt.In an expedient embodiment, the control valve is provided with a bellows seal known per se. Since the length of a bellows seal is practically proportional to the stroke of the valve spindle, the proposed combination with the lever ratio and the resulting shortening of the stroke also reduces the bellows length accordingly. Thus, the bellows suitably containing Upper part and overall height can be reduced according to the gear ratio. This creates an inexpensive bellows valve that meets the safety requirements, in particular in accordance with the German TA-LUFT regulation or comparable regulations applicable abroad. Nevertheless, due to the lever ratio, a high degree of positioning accuracy is guaranteed, especially since the positioner is expediently coupled to the side of the actuator, which, taking into account the lever ratio, executes a larger travel range than the valve spindle.

Weiterbildungen und besondere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben und werden nachfolgend im einzelnen beschrieben.Further developments and special refinements of the invention are specified in the subclaims and are described in detail below.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten besonderen Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert, ohne daß insoweit eine Einschränkung der Erfindung erfolgt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch das Ventil, das Hebelgehäuse und den Membranantrieb,
Fig.2
vergrößert einen Schnitt entang Schnittlinie II gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
vergrößert den Ausschnitt III gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
teilweise eine Ansicht in Richtung IV gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 5
vergrößert den Ausschnitt V gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 6
einen Längsschnitt durch ein bekanntes geschmiedetes Ventilgehäuse,
Fig. 7, 8
einen Längsschnitt bzw. eine Aufsicht auf das erfindungsgemäße Ventilgehäuse.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the special exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing, without the invention being restricted in this respect. Show it:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through the valve, the lever housing and the diaphragm drive,
Fig. 2
enlarges a section along section line II according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
enlarges section III according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 4
partly a view in the direction IV according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 5
enlarges the section V according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 6
2 shows a longitudinal section through a known forged valve housing,
7, 8
a longitudinal section or a plan view of the valve housing according to the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt in einem Längsschnitt ein geschmiedetes Ventilgehäuse 2 mit einem Oberteil 4, in welchem eine Ventilspindel 6 in Richtung einer Spindelachse 8 axial bewegbar angeordnet ist. Das Oberteil 4 ist mittels Gewindebolzen 10 mit einem Gehäuseflansch 12 verbunden, welcher etwa in der Mitte des Gehäuses 2 angeordnet ist und durch welchen die Längsachse 14 verläuft. Innen weist das Ventilgehäuse 2, und zwar in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Ventilkegel 16, eine Entspannungskammer 18 mit einem großen Volumen auf. Durch diese große Entspannungskammer werden besonders günstige strömungstechnische Kenngrößen realisiert. Die beim Schmiedevorgang verfügbare Umformenergie wird in die Herstellung der großen Entspannungskammer 18 gelegt, während die Einlaßöffnung 20 und die Auslaßöffnung 22 durch Bohren hergestellt werden. Die koaxial zur Entspannungskammer 18 am Ende der Einlaßöffnung 20 liegende Verbindungskammer 24 kann beim Schmiedevorgang und/oder durch Bohren hergestellt werden.1 shows in a longitudinal section a forged valve housing 2 with an upper part 4, in which a valve spindle 6 is arranged to be axially movable in the direction of a spindle axis 8. The upper part 4 is connected by means of threaded bolts 10 to a housing flange 12 which is arranged approximately in the middle of the housing 2 and through which the longitudinal axis 14 runs. Inside, the valve housing 2, namely in the flow direction behind the valve cone 16, has a relaxation chamber 18 with a large volume. This large expansion chamber enables particularly favorable flow parameters to be achieved. The forming energy available in the forging process is put into the manufacture of the large expansion chamber 18, while the inlet opening 20 and the outlet opening 22 are produced by drilling. The connecting chamber 24 lying coaxially to the expansion chamber 18 at the end of the inlet opening 20 can be produced during the forging process and / or by drilling.

Das Ventiloberteil 4 enthält zur Spindelabdichtung einen Faltenbalg 26. Da die Ventilspindel 6 aufgrund der noch zu erläuternden Hebelübersetzung einen kleinen Hub ausführt, weist der Faltenbalg eine vergleichsweise geringe Länge in Richtung der Ventilachse 8 auf. Damit weist das Ventiloberteil und insgesamt das Stellventil eine im Vergleich mit bekannten direkt angetriebenen Faltenbalgventilen eine erheblich reduzierte Bauhöhe auf. Bevorzugt ist ferner für die Ventilspindel 6 eine Drehsicherung vorgesehen. Hierfür ist ein Stift 28, welcher zur Verbindung der Ventilspindel 6 mit dem Ventilkegel 16 vorgesehen ist, mit seinen beiden Enden in Längsnuten 29 bezüglich des Oberteils 4 geführt. Aufgrund dieser Drehsicherung werden Torsionskräfte vom Faltenbalg ferngehalten, wodurch dessen Lebensdauer und Funktionssicherheit günstig beeinflußt werden. Obgleich mittels der Faltenbalgdichtung den Sicherheitsvorschriften, insbesondere der TA-LUFT, in besonders zweckmäßiger Weise entsprochen wird, kann für geringere Anforderungen auch eine andere Dichtung, beispielsweise eine konventionelle Packung oder ein O-Dichtring zur Spindelabdichtung vorgesehen sein, wobei für derartige Ausgestaltungen die Baulänge des Oberteils 4 und somit des gesamten Stellventils noch weiter reduziert werden kann.The valve upper part 4 contains a bellows 26 for sealing the stem. Since the valve spindle 6 has a small stroke due to the lever ratio to be explained, the bellows has a comparatively short length in the direction of the valve axis 8. The valve upper part and overall the control valve thus have a considerably reduced overall height in comparison with known directly driven bellows valves. A rotation lock is also preferably provided for the valve spindle 6. For this purpose, a pin 28, which is provided for connecting the valve spindle 6 to the valve cone 16, is guided with its two ends in longitudinal grooves 29 with respect to the upper part 4. Due to this rotation lock, torsion forces are kept away from the bellows, which has a favorable influence on its service life and functional reliability. Although by means of the bellows seal, the safety regulations, in particular the TA-LUFT, are met in a particularly expedient manner, another seal, for example a conventional packing or an O-ring for spindle sealing, can be provided for lower requirements, the overall length of the upper part being used for such configurations 4 and thus the entire control valve can be reduced even further.

Mit dem Ventiloberteil 4 ist ein Hebelgehäuse 30 fest verbunden, welches eine zur Spindelachse 8 koaxiale erste Kammer 31 sowie eine querliegende zweite Kammer 32 enthält. Am unteren Ende der ersten Kammer 31 ist eine Sicherheitsabdichtung 33 vorgesehen. Es ist hier eine Sicherheitsabdichtung 33 mit angefederten Dachmanschetten dargestellt, welche einen großen Anteil in der Vielfalt unterschiedlicher Packungsarten besitzen. Eine derartige Ausführung ist grundsätzlich recht zuverlässig, solange keine Querkräfte in den Dachmanschetten auftreten. Weiter unten werden anhand von Fig. 5 zweckmäßige Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung von Querkräften näher erläutert. In der zweiten gekapselten Kammer 32 ist ein Hebel 34 auf einem Lagerbock 36 um eine Achse 38 schwenkbar gelagert. Der Lagerbock 36 ist in zweckmäßiger Weise gabelförmig ausgebildet, wobei zwischen zwei quer zur Zeichenebene beabstandet angeordneten Armen der Hebel 34 angeordnet ist. Über ein Gelenkteil 40 und eine Kupplung 41 mit einem Führungskörper 42 erfolgt die Verbindung und Anlenkung der Ventilspindel 6 an den Hebel 34, wobei zwischen der Anlenkachse 44 und der Drehachse 38 ein erster Abstand oder Hebelarm 46 vorhanden ist. Dem Führungskörper 42 sind Führungsflächen 45 im Hebelgehäuse 30 zugeordnet. Durch die derart ausgebildeten Führungselemente wird gewährleistet, daß von der angekoppelten Ventilspindel Querkräfte ferngehalten werden und vom Hebel auf die Ventilspindel im wesentlichen nur axiale Kräfte ausgeübt werden. Mittels der Kupplung 41 wird ein eventueller Achsversatz zwischen den hier als Führungskörper 42 und Führungsflächen ausgebildeten Führungselementen und der Ventilspindel 6 ausgeglichen, so daß selbst bei nicht exakt koaxialer Ausrichtung der Führungselemente und der Ventilspindel 6 auf diese keine Biegemomente oder Querkräfte einwirken.A lever housing 30 is fixedly connected to the valve upper part 4 and contains a first chamber 31 coaxial with the spindle axis 8 as well as a transverse second chamber 32. A safety seal 33 is provided at the lower end of the first chamber 31. A safety seal 33 with sprung roof sleeves is shown here, which has a large proportion in the variety of different types of packaging. Such a design is fundamentally quite reliable as long as there are no transverse forces in the roof seals. Appropriate measures to avoid transverse forces are explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5. In the second encapsulated chamber 32, a lever 34 is pivotally mounted on a bearing block 36 about an axis 38. The bearing block 36 is expediently fork-shaped, with the lever 34 being arranged between two arms spaced transversely to the plane of the drawing. The connection and articulation of the valve spindle 6 to the lever 34 takes place via a joint part 40 and a coupling 41 with a guide body 42, a first distance or lever arm 46 being present between the articulation axis 44 and the axis of rotation 38. Guide surfaces 45 in the lever housing 30 are assigned to the guide body 42. The guide elements designed in this way ensure that transverse forces are kept away from the coupled valve spindle and essentially only axial forces are exerted by the lever on the valve spindle. By means of the coupling 41, a possible axial misalignment between the guide elements designed here as guide bodies 42 and guide surfaces and the Valve spindle 6 balanced, so that even if the guide elements and the valve spindle 6 are not exactly coaxial, no bending moments or transverse forces act on them.

Die Führungselemente, insbesondere der Führungskörper 42 und die Führungsfläche 45, sind in zweckmäßiger Weise im Bereich der Zwischenwand zwischen den beiden Kammern 31 und 32 angeordnet. So wird gleichzeitig eine Abdichtung der gekapselten Kammer 32 zumindest insoweit gewährleistet, daß keine Fremdkörper in die Kammer 32 gelangen können. Vom Stellungsregler ggfs. in die gekapselte Kammer 32 einströmende Abluft kann jedoch entweichen. Es versteht sich, daß im Rahmen der Erfindung die Führungsmittel abweichend hiervon nicht zwischen den beiden Kammern, sondern wahlweise gänzlich in der einen oder in der anderen Kammer angeordnet sein können, wobei zwischen den beiden Kammern 31 und 32 bevorzugt Dichtelemente in Form von Dichtringen oder dergleichen angeordnet sind.The guide elements, in particular the guide body 42 and the guide surface 45, are expediently arranged in the region of the intermediate wall between the two chambers 31 and 32. At the same time, a sealing of the encapsulated chamber 32 is ensured at least to the extent that no foreign bodies can get into the chamber 32. Exhaust air flowing into the encapsulated chamber 32 from the positioner may escape, however. It goes without saying that, within the scope of the invention, the guide means may not be arranged between the two chambers, but instead may be arranged entirely in one or the other chamber, with sealing elements in the form of sealing rings or the like preferably being between the two chambers 31 and 32 are arranged.

Am anderen, hier rechten Ende des Hebels 34 ist in einem zweiten Abstand 48 ein Gelenkkörper 50 um eine Welle 52 drehbar angeordnet. Über den Gelenkkörper 50 dieses Gabelgelenks erfolgt die Verbindung mit dem Stellantrieb 51, welcher hier bevorzugt als Membranantrieb ausgebildet ist. Der zweite Abstand 48 ist ersichtlich größer als der erste Abstand 46 und folglich werden mittels dieser zweckmäßigen Hebelübertragung große Kräfte auf die Ventilspindel 6 mit einem vergleichsweise kleinen Stellantrieb 51 ausgeübt.At the other, here right end of the lever 34, a joint body 50 is arranged rotatable about a shaft 52 at a second distance 48. The joint body 50 of this fork joint is used to connect to the actuator 51, which is preferably designed here as a diaphragm drive. The second distance 48 is evidently greater than the first distance 46 and consequently large forces are exerted on the valve spindle 6 with a comparatively small actuator 51 by means of this expedient lever transmission.

Entsprechend dem Hebel-Übertragungsverhältnis wird vor allem der Durchmesser der Membran und somit des Membrangehäuses 54 wesentlich reduziert. Das Membrangehäuse 54 weist einen unteren Gehäuseteil 55 und einen oberen Gehäuseteil 56 auf, welche mittels eines Spannbandes 58 dicht miteinander verbunden sind. Das obere Gehäuseteil 56 enthält einen Anschluß 60 für Druckmittel, wobei im Inneren ein Membran-Federteller 62 mittels einer Druckfeder 64 abgestützt ist. Die Feder 64 weist, unter Berücksichtigung des Hebel-Übersetzungsverhältnisses, eine vergleichsweise geringe Federsteifigkeit auf. Hierdurch werden in besonders zweckmäßiger Weise Querkräfte weitgehend vermieden. Besondere Maßnahmen zur Führung des bewegbaren Antriebteils, des Stellantriebs 51, sind daher nicht erforderlich und nachteilige Einflüsse infolge von Reibung werden vermieden. Durch den insgesamt reibungsarmen Schwenkantrieb wird eine wesentlich verminderte Hysterese erreicht. Eine ringförmige Membrane 66 ist radial außen zwischen die beiden Gehäuseteile 55 und 56 eingespannt und radial innen mittels eines Ringes 68 am Außenrand 70 des Membrantellers 62 festgelegt. Der Ring 68 weist eine hohe Dehnsteifigkeit auf und ist insbesondere als ein Stahlring ausgebildet. Dieser Ring 68 mit hoher Dehnsteifigkeit ermöglicht eine zuverlässige Fixierung der Membrane 66 am Rand des Tellers 62. Aufgrund dieser besonderen Konstruktion ist eine einfache Montage bzw. Demontage ermöglicht, wobei keine Sicherheitsbauteile erforderlich sind. Es ist eine einfache und zuverlässige Membranbefestigung vorhanden, wobei anstelle des hier dargestellten Stahlringes 68 ein in den Innenrand der Membran eingebetteter Draht oder Drähte vorgesehen werden können.In particular, the diameter of the membrane and thus of the membrane housing 54 is significantly reduced in accordance with the lever transmission ratio. The membrane housing 54 has a lower housing part 55 and an upper housing part 56, which are tightly connected to one another by means of a tension band 58. The upper housing part 56 contains a connection 60 for pressure medium, with a membrane spring plate 62 inside is supported by a compression spring 64. The spring 64 has a comparatively low spring stiffness, taking into account the lever transmission ratio. In this way, transverse forces are largely avoided in a particularly expedient manner. Special measures for guiding the movable drive part, the actuator 51, are therefore not necessary and disadvantageous influences due to friction are avoided. Due to the low-friction swivel drive, a significantly reduced hysteresis is achieved. An annular membrane 66 is clamped radially on the outside between the two housing parts 55 and 56 and is fixed radially on the inside by means of a ring 68 on the outer edge 70 of the membrane plate 62. The ring 68 has a high stiffness and is designed in particular as a steel ring. This ring 68 with high tensile rigidity enables the diaphragm 66 to be reliably fixed to the edge of the plate 62. This special construction enables simple assembly and disassembly, with no safety components being required. There is a simple and reliable membrane fastening, it being possible to provide a wire or wires embedded in the inner edge of the membrane instead of the steel ring 68 shown here.

Der Membran-Federteller 62 enthält ein von der Feder 64 umgebenes Innenteil 72, in dessen unteren Ende 74 mittels einer Gewindehülse 76 der Gelenkkörper 50 des Gabelgelenks mit einem Außengewinde 78 eingeschraubt ist. Die Abstützung und Führung des Membran-Federtellers 62 erfolgt somit über den Hebel 34, wobei ein Ringspalt 80 eine hinreichende Querbeweglichkeit des Endes 74 des Innenteils 72 bezüglich der Bodenöffnung des unteren Gehäuseteils 55 sowie einer Öffnung 82 des Hebelgehäuses 30 ermöglicht. Wie nachfolgend noch zu erläutern ist, ist am Hebelgehäuse 30 der Stellungsregler unmittelbar angeordnet, dessen Überströmluft in die gekapselte zweite Kammer 32 geleitet wird. Mittels des derart integrierten Stellungsreglers wird in besonders zweckmäßiger Weise ein zusätzlicher Schutz gegen atmosphärische Einflüsse der in der zweiten, gekapselten Kammer 32 angeordneten Bauteile durch die Überströmluft des Stellungsreglers gewährleistet. Aus der zweiten Kammer 32 gelangt die Überströmluft ferner durch den Ringspalt 80 zur drucklosen Seite des Membranantriebs, so daß die dort befindlichen Bauteile gleichfalls gegen atmosphärische Einflüsse und damit verbundene Korrosion geschützt sind.The diaphragm spring plate 62 contains an inner part 72 surrounded by the spring 64, in the lower end 74 of which the joint body 50 of the fork joint with an external thread 78 is screwed in by means of a threaded sleeve 76. The diaphragm spring plate 62 is thus supported and guided via the lever 34, an annular gap 80 permitting sufficient transverse mobility of the end 74 of the inner part 72 with respect to the bottom opening of the lower housing part 55 and an opening 82 of the lever housing 30. As will be explained below, the positioner, the overflow air of which is conducted into the encapsulated second chamber 32, is arranged directly on the lever housing 30. By means of the positioner integrated in this way is particularly expedient An additional protection against atmospheric influences of the components arranged in the second, encapsulated chamber 32 is ensured by the overflow air of the positioner. From the second chamber 32, the overflow air also passes through the annular gap 80 to the unpressurized side of the diaphragm drive, so that the components located there are also protected against atmospheric influences and associated corrosion.

Das Membrangehäuse 54 mit den Gehäuseteilen 55 und 56 sowie der Membran-Federteller 62 können aus metallischen Werkstoffen ebenso hergestellt sein wie aus nichtmetallischen Werkstoffen, wie insbesondere GFK. Wichtig sind insoweit die vergleichsweise kleinen Durchmesser, wobei aufgrund der Hebelübersetzung gleichwohl die erforderlichen Stellkräfte auf die Ventilspindel 6 übertragbar sind. Die Membran 66 ist in bezug auf die untere Anlagefläche 84 des Membran-Federtellers 62 für die Druckfeder 64 vergleichsweise tief bzw. axial beabstandet angeordnet. Somit ist für die Membran eine über den Hub des Membran-Federtellers 62 weitgehend gleichbleibende wirksame Fläche vorhanden, und zwar in bezug auf die hinsichtlich der Auflagefläche 84 der Feder 64 tiefliegende Stellkraft der Membran 66.The diaphragm housing 54 with the housing parts 55 and 56 and the diaphragm spring plate 62 can be made from metallic materials as well as from non-metallic materials, such as, in particular, GRP. In this respect, the comparatively small diameters are important, although the required actuating forces can nevertheless be transferred to the valve spindle 6 due to the lever ratio. The membrane 66 is arranged comparatively deep or axially spaced with respect to the lower contact surface 84 of the membrane spring plate 62 for the compression spring 64. Thus, an effective surface that is largely constant over the stroke of the diaphragm spring plate 62 is present for the diaphragm, specifically in relation to the actuating force of the diaphragm 66 that is low with respect to the contact surface 84 of the spring 64.

Auf der Druckmittelseite des Membran-Federtellers sind keine Führungen vorhanden, während die auf der druckmittelfreien Seite, also im Bereich des unteren Gehäuseteils 56 befindlichen Bauteile aufgrund der auch dorthin gelangenden Überströmluft vor nachteiligen Einwirkungen, insbesondere einer korrosiven Atmosphäre, funktionssicher geschützt sind.There are no guides on the pressure medium side of the diaphragm spring plate, while the components located on the pressure medium-free side, that is to say in the region of the lower housing part 56, are functionally protected against adverse effects, in particular a corrosive atmosphere, due to the overflow air also reaching there.

Der Hebel 34 weist gemäß der Zeichnung links eine freie Bohrung 86 auf, während das Hebelgehäuse 30 einen zweiten Lagerbock 88 in der Kammer 32 besitzt. Wie ersichtlich, weist die freie Bohrung 86 zum zweiten Lagerbock 88 in Richtung der Spindelachse 8 einen Abstand 90 auf. Auch dieser zweite Lagerbock 88 ist ebenso wie der erste Lagerbock 36 als Gabel ausgebildet, zwischen deren beiden Armen das Ende des Hebels 34 mit der Bohrung 86 angeordnet werden kann. Zur Invertierung der Wirkungsrichtung kann der Hebel 34 statt an dem ersten Lagerbock 36 an dem zweiten Lagerbock 88 mittels einer Achse schwenkbar befestigt sein. Entsprechend dem genannten Abstand 90 ist dann in drucklosem Zustand die Ventilspindel 6 mit dem Ventilkegel 16 angehoben, so daß bei Druckbeaufschlagung das Stellventil schließt. Durch diese besondere Ausgestaltung kann somit ohne Zerlegung des Membrangehäuses in einfacher Weise die Wirkungsrichtung invertiert werden. Auch bei Anlenkung des Hebels 34 am zweiten gabelförmigen Lagerbock 88 ist der Hebelarm der Anlenkung der Ventilspindel 6 ersichtlich wesentlich kleiner als der Hebelarm der Anlenkung des Gelenkkörpers 50.According to the drawing, the lever 34 has a free bore 86 on the left, while the lever housing 30 has a second bearing block 88 in the chamber 32. As can be seen, the free bore 86 is at a distance 90 from the second bearing block 88 in the direction of the spindle axis 8. This second bearing block 88, like the first bearing block 36, is also a fork formed, between the two arms of which the end of the lever 34 can be arranged with the bore 86. In order to invert the direction of action, the lever 34 can be pivotably attached to the second bearing block 88 by means of an axis instead of to the first bearing block 36. Corresponding to the distance 90 mentioned, the valve spindle 6 with the valve cone 16 is then raised in the depressurized state, so that the control valve closes when pressure is applied. With this special design, the direction of action can thus be inverted in a simple manner without disassembling the membrane housing. Even when the lever 34 is articulated on the second fork-shaped bearing block 88, the lever arm of the articulation of the valve spindle 6 is evidently significantly smaller than the lever arm of the articulation of the joint body 50.

Ferner sind zwei Einstellschrauben 91, 92 vorgesehen. Mittels der im Hebel 34 über Gewinde drehbaren ersten Einstellschraube 91 erfolgt eine obere Hubbegrenzung während mittels der im Gehäuse 30 drehbaren zweiten Einstellschraube 92 eine untere Hubbegrenzung des Hebels 34 und somit der Ventilspindel 6 vorgebbar ist. Es sind somit integrierte Einstellmöglichkeiten als Minimal- und Maximalbegrenzungen zur Mengenbegrenzung des Stellventils ohne besonderen Bauaufwand realisiert. Die zweite Kammer 32 des Hebelgehäuses 30 enthält eine Entlüftungsvorrichtung 94. Diese Entlüftungsvorrichtung 94 ist in einer Bohrung 96 des Hebelgehäuses 30 eingesetzt und ermöglicht das Abströmen der in die zweite Kammer eingeleiteten Überströmluft des Stellungsreglers. Die Bohrung 96 ist zweckmäßig derart bezüglich der ersten Einstellschraube 91 angeordnet, daß nach dem Entfernen der einen Kunststoffstopfen enthaltenden Entlüftungsvorrichtung 94 ein Schraubenzieher durch die Bohrung 96 zum Betätigen der Einstellschraube 91 durchführbar ist.Two adjusting screws 91, 92 are also provided. By means of the first adjusting screw 91, which can be rotated in the lever 34 via thread, an upper stroke limitation takes place, while by means of the second adjusting screw 92, which is rotatable in the housing 30, a lower stroke limitation of the lever 34 and thus the valve spindle 6 can be predetermined. Integrated setting options as minimum and maximum limits for limiting the quantity of the control valve are thus implemented without any particular construction effort. The second chamber 32 of the lever housing 30 contains a ventilation device 94. This ventilation device 94 is inserted in a bore 96 of the lever housing 30 and enables the overflow air of the positioner introduced into the second chamber to flow away. The bore 96 is expediently arranged with respect to the first adjusting screw 91 in such a way that after removal of the ventilation device 94 containing a plastic stopper, a screwdriver can be passed through the bore 96 to actuate the adjusting screw 91.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch die Kammer 32 des Hebelgehäuses 30, und zwar ohne den Gelenkkörper des Gabelgelenks. Zwischen den beiden zueinander parallelen Teilen des doppelarmigen Hebels 34 sind der erste Lagerbock 36, das Gelenkteil 40 sowie die dazugehörenden Achsen 38 bzw. 44 gut zu erkennen. Durch Umsetzen der Achse 38 in den zweiten Lagerbock 88 sowie die freie Bohrungen 86 des Hebels 34 erfolgt die bereits erläuterte Invertierung der Wirkungsrichtung. Das Hebelgehäuse 30 enthält unten einen Flansch 98, über welchen die Verbindung mit dem Ventiloberteil erfolgt.Fig. 2 shows a section through the chamber 32 of the lever housing 30, without the joint body of the fork joint. Between the two parallel parts of the double-armed Lever 34, the first bearing block 36, the joint part 40 and the associated axes 38 and 44 are clearly visible. By converting the axis 38 into the second bearing block 88 and the free bores 86 of the lever 34, the already explained inversion of the direction of action takes place. The lever housing 30 contains a flange 98 at the bottom, via which the connection to the valve upper part takes place.

Fig. 3 zeigt vergrößert eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Membrane 66 und deren Befestigung am Membran-Federteller 62. Anstelle des eingangs erläuterten Stahlringes sind einzelne Drähte 100 in Umfangsrichtung in den Rand 102 der Membran 66 integriert. Der Rand 102 ist zweckmäßig als ein Ringwulst ausgebildet, welcher in eine radial nach außen sich öffnende Ringnut 104 des Tellers 62 eingreift. Wie ersichtlich, weist der Membran-Federteller 62 auf der drucklosen Seite eine Nase 106 auf, welche einen funktionssicheren Sitz gewährleistet. Wird in die Kammer zwischen dem oberen Gehäuseteil 56 und der Membran 66 Druckmittel eingeleitet, so wird der Membranrand 102 funktionssicher gegen die radial nach außen vorstehende Nase 106 gedrückt. Der Außendurchmesser der Nase 106 sowie der Durchmesser der genannten Drähte 100 sind aufeinander abgestimmt, um einen zuverlässigen und dichten Sitz sicherzustellen. Entsprechendes gilt auch für die anhand von Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsform hinsichtlich des dort vorgesehenen Stahlringes und der gleichfalls vorhandenen radial nach außen gerichteten Nase des Membran-Federtellers. Zur Festlegung des äußeren Randes der Membran 66 weist das obere Gehäuseteil 56 eine Ringnut 108 auf, in welche ein radial außen angeordneter Ringwulst 110 der Membrane 66 eingreift. Auch ist hier ein Spannschloß 112 für das Spannband 58 gut zu erkennen. Die Montage und ggfs. Demontage des Membranantriebs kann problemlos durchgeführt werden, ohne daß hierzu besondere Werkzeuge oder gar Hilfseinrichtungen notwendig sind.3 shows an enlarged embodiment of the diaphragm 66 and its attachment to the diaphragm spring plate 62. Instead of the steel ring explained at the beginning, individual wires 100 are integrated in the peripheral direction in the edge 102 of the diaphragm 66. The edge 102 is expediently designed as an annular bead which engages in an annular groove 104 of the plate 62 which opens radially outwards. As can be seen, the diaphragm spring plate 62 has a nose 106 on the unpressurized side, which ensures a functionally reliable fit. If pressure medium is introduced into the chamber between the upper housing part 56 and the membrane 66, the membrane edge 102 is pressed against the nose 106, which protrudes radially outward, in a functionally reliable manner. The outside diameter of the nose 106 and the diameter of the wires 100 mentioned are matched to one another in order to ensure a reliable and tight fit. The same also applies to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 with regard to the steel ring provided there and the radially outwardly directed nose of the diaphragm spring plate. To fix the outer edge of the membrane 66, the upper housing part 56 has an annular groove 108, in which an annular bead 110 of the membrane 66 arranged radially on the outside engages. A turnbuckle 112 for the tensioning strap 58 can also be clearly seen here. The assembly and, if necessary, disassembly of the diaphragm drive can be carried out without any problems, without the need for special tools or even auxiliary devices.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine seitliche Ansicht des Gehäuses 54 des Stellantriebs 51 und des Hebelgehäuses 30, an welches der Stellungsregler 114 unmittelbar in besonders kompakter Bauweise adaptiert ist. Der Stellungsregler 114 besitzt eine Platte 115, welche dicht mit dem Hebelgehäuse 30 verbunden ist. Der elektropneumatische oder pneumatische Stellungsregler 114 schließt die zweite Kammer des Hebelgehäuses 30 auf der einen Seite dicht ab. Gegenüber auf der anderen Seite ist ein Deckel 116 vorgesehen, der mit Schrauben 118 befestigt ist. Mit hier nicht weiter dargestellten Dichtungen kann ggfs. eine gute Abdichtung der gekapselten zweiten Kammer des Hebelgehäuses 30 gewährleistet werden. Durch Abnahme des Deckels 116 ist die zweite Kammer leicht zugänglich, um beispielsweise durch Umsetzung der Hebellagerung die Invertierung der Wirkungsrichtung zu ermöglichen. Des weiteren erfolgt in der zweiten Kammer mittelbar am Hebel der Hubabgriff der Ventilspindel. Die erste Kammer des Hebelgehäuses 30 ist hingegen nicht gekapselt sondern teilweise offen. Auf beiden Seiten der Kammer ist jeweils ein Abdeckblech 119 vorgesehen. Diese Abdeckbleche 119 erstrecken sich nur über einen Teil der Gesamthöhe der ersten Kammer. Die Größe bzw. Höhe der Abdeckbleche 119 wird zur Vermeidung von Unfallgefahren derart vorgegeben, daß insbesondere das Einführen eines Fingers in die erste Kammer praktisch ausgeschlossen ist.Fig. 4 shows a side view of the housing 54 of the actuator 51 and the lever housing 30, to which the Positioner 114 is directly adapted in a particularly compact design. The positioner 114 has a plate 115 which is tightly connected to the lever housing 30. The electropneumatic or pneumatic positioner 114 seals the second chamber of the lever housing 30 on one side. Opposite on the other side a cover 116 is provided which is fastened with screws 118. With seals not shown here, a good seal of the encapsulated second chamber of the lever housing 30 can be ensured. By removing the cover 116, the second chamber is easily accessible in order, for example, to enable the direction of action to be inverted by implementing the lever bearing. Furthermore, the stroke of the valve spindle is carried out indirectly on the lever in the second chamber. The first chamber of the lever housing 30, however, is not encapsulated but partially open. A cover plate 119 is provided on each side of the chamber. These cover plates 119 only extend over part of the total height of the first chamber. The size or height of the cover plates 119 is specified in order to avoid the risk of accidents such that in particular the insertion of a finger into the first chamber is practically impossible.

Über eine Leitung 120 erfolgt die Verbindung zwischen dem Stellungsregler 114 und dem Membranantrieb 54, wobei die Leitung 120 in bekannter Weise an dem Anschluß 60 dicht angeschlossen ist. Wie ersichtlich, ist über den Flansch 98 die Verbindung mit dem Ventiloberteil 4 hergestellt. Aufgrund der unmittelbaren Adaption des Stellungsreglers 114 am Hebelgehäuse 30, und zwar insbesondere direkt im Bereich der gekapselten zweiten Kammer, kann problemlos dessen Überströmluft in die zweite Kammer zu deren Spülung geleitet werden. Es sei festgehalten, daß insoweit eine Verbindung oder ein Anschluß zwischen den Stellungsregler 114 und dem Hebelgehäuse 30 vorhanden ist. Gegebenenfalls kann die Spülung des Hebelgehäuses sowie der drucklosen Teile des Membranantriebs mittels Stickstoff oder eines Druckmittels erfolgen, wofür problemlos entsprechende Anschlüsse vorgesehen werden können.The connection between the positioner 114 and the diaphragm actuator 54 takes place via a line 120, the line 120 being tightly connected to the connection 60 in a known manner. As can be seen, the connection to the valve upper part 4 is established via the flange 98. Due to the direct adaptation of the positioner 114 to the lever housing 30, in particular directly in the area of the encapsulated second chamber, its overflow air can be passed into the second chamber for purging without any problems. It should be noted that there is a connection or connection between the positioner 114 and the lever housing 30. If necessary, the flushing of the lever housing and the depressurized parts of the diaphragm drive by means of nitrogen or a pressure medium, for which appropriate connections can easily be provided.

Fig. 5 zeigt die besonders zweckmäßige Ankopplung der Ventilspindel 6 mittels des Führungskörpers 42 über den hier nicht dargestellten Hebel an den Membranantrieb. Vom Hebelgehäuse ist hier eine Trennwand 122 zwischen der ersten Kammer 31 und der zweiten Kammer 32 zu erkennen. Die Trennwand 122 enthält eine Bohrung mit einer Führungsbuchse 124 mit der Führungsfläche 45 für den Führungskörper 42. Der Führungskörper 42 weist eine zentrale Bohrung auf, in welche die Ventilspindel 6 mit einem Zapfen 126 eingreift. Der Zapfen 126 ist mit einer genauen Passung in den Führungskörper 42 eingesetzt. Der Führungskörper 42 ist exakt im Hebelgehäuse geführt, und insgesamt werden in zweckmäßiger Weise Querkräfte kompensiert und von der Ventilspindel 6 und der Sicherheitsabdichtung 33 ferngehalten. Der Führungskörper 42 enthält am unteren Ende einen Zentrierkonus 128, welcher mit einer geschlitzten Konusmutter 130 zusammenwirkt. Die Konusmutter 130 ist eine geschlitzte und konisch angedrehte Norm-Mutter, welche auf das Außengewinde 131 der Ventilspindel 6 geschraubt ist. Der Zentrierkonus 128 und die Konusmutter 130 sind mittels zwei Kupplungshälften 132 sowie Schrauben 134 miteinander verspannt, wobei mittels der geschlitzten Konusmutter 130 die Drehsicherung und die axiale Sicherung erfolgt. Im Gegensatz zur zweiten gekapselten Kammer 32 ist die erste Kammer 31 an ihren parallel zur Zeichenebene liegenden Seiten offen, so daß die erläuterte Kupplung 41 leicht eingestellt und überprüft werden kann. Die Kupplung 41 gewährleistet eine hohe Mittengenauigkeit und ist selbstzentrierend, wobei eine einfache Montage und Justage gewährleistet ist. Im Zusammenwirken mit der Passung zwischen dem Zapfen 126 und der zentralen Bohrung des Führungskörpers 42 und ferner dessen Führung im Hebelgehäuse wird eine sehr präzise und querkraftfreie Führung der Spindel 6 sichergestellt.5 shows the particularly expedient coupling of the valve spindle 6 by means of the guide body 42 to the diaphragm drive via the lever (not shown here). A partition 122 between the first chamber 31 and the second chamber 32 can be seen here from the lever housing. The partition 122 contains a bore with a guide bush 124 with the guide surface 45 for the guide body 42. The guide body 42 has a central bore into which the valve spindle 6 engages with a pin 126. The pin 126 is inserted into the guide body 42 with a precise fit. The guide body 42 is guided exactly in the lever housing, and overall transverse forces are expediently compensated for and kept away from the valve spindle 6 and the safety seal 33. The guide body 42 contains a centering cone 128 at the lower end, which cooperates with a slotted cone nut 130. The cone nut 130 is a slotted and conically turned standard nut, which is screwed onto the external thread 131 of the valve spindle 6. The centering cone 128 and the cone nut 130 are clamped to one another by means of two coupling halves 132 and screws 134, with the slotted cone nut 130 ensuring the rotation and the axial securing. In contrast to the second encapsulated chamber 32, the first chamber 31 is open on its sides parallel to the plane of the drawing, so that the coupling 41 explained can be easily adjusted and checked. The clutch 41 ensures a high center accuracy and is self-centering, whereby simple assembly and adjustment is ensured. In cooperation with the fit between the pin 126 and the central bore of the guide body 42 and also its guidance in the lever housing, a very precise and lateral force-free guidance of the spindle 6 is ensured.

Fig. 6 zeigt ein bekanntes Ventilgehäuse 2 in geschmiedeter Ausführung. Ein derartiges Gehäuse kann aus dem vollen geschmiedet und nachfolgend aufgebohrt sein. Der zum Anschluß des Ventiloberteils erforderliche Gehäuseflansch 12 ist am oberen Gehäuserand 136 angeordnet. Die Entspannungskammer 18 besitzt ein vergleichsweise kleines Volumen, was nachteilig für die strömungstechnischen Kenngrößen ist.Fig. 6 shows a known valve housing 2 in a forged version. Such a housing can be forged from the full and subsequently drilled out. The housing flange 12 required for connecting the upper valve part is arranged on the upper housing edge 136. The expansion chamber 18 has a comparatively small volume, which is disadvantageous for the fluidic parameters.

In den Fig. 7 und 8 ist das erfindungsgemäße Ventilgehäuse 2 mit der großen Entspannungskammer 18 dargestellt. Die Entspannungskammer 18 ist von einer im wesentlichen zylindrischen Wand 138 umgeben. Der Gehäuseflansch 12 ist nicht am oberen Rand 136, sondern im Bereich des Bodens 140 der Entspannungskammer 18 angeordnet. Die Wand 138 weist über ihre gesamte Höhe eine weitgehend gleichbleibende Wanddicke auf. Beim Schmieden wird die verfügbare Umform-Energie im wesentlichen zur Herstellung der großen Entspannungskammer genutzt und die Einlaßöffnung 20, die Auslaßöffnung 22 sowie die Verbindungskammer 24 werden durch Bohren nachträglich hergestellt. Aufgrund der Anordnung des Gehäuseflansches 12 in der Mitte des Gehäuses bzw. im Bereich der Längsachse 14 ergeben sich beim Schmieden insoweit keine nachteiligen Einschränkungen. Der Außendurchmesser 139 der Wand 138 ist im wesentlichen gleich groß wie die Länge 142 der Außenkanten des etwa quadratischen Gehäuseflansches 12.7 and 8, the valve housing 2 according to the invention with the large expansion chamber 18 is shown. The relaxation chamber 18 is surrounded by a substantially cylindrical wall 138. The housing flange 12 is not arranged on the upper edge 136, but in the region of the bottom 140 of the expansion chamber 18. The wall 138 has a largely constant wall thickness over its entire height. When forging, the available forming energy is essentially used to produce the large expansion chamber and the inlet opening 20, the outlet opening 22 and the connecting chamber 24 are subsequently produced by drilling. Because of the arrangement of the housing flange 12 in the middle of the housing or in the region of the longitudinal axis 14, there are no disadvantageous restrictions in this regard. The outer diameter 139 of the wall 138 is essentially the same size as the length 142 of the outer edges of the approximately square housing flange 12.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

22nd
VentilgehäuseValve body
44th
OberteilTop
66
VentilspindelValve stem
88th
SpindelachseSpindle axis
1010th
GewindebolzenThreaded bolt
1212th
GehäuseflanschHousing flange
1414
LängsachseLongitudinal axis
1616
VentilkegelValve cone
1818th
EntspannungskammerRelaxation chamber
2020th
EinlaßöffnungInlet opening
2222
AuslaßöffnungOutlet opening
2424th
VerbindungskammerConnecting chamber
2626
FaltenbalgBellows
2828
Stiftpen
2929
LängsnutLongitudinal groove
3030th
HebelgehäuseLever housing
31, 3231, 32
Kammerchamber
3333
SicherheitsabdichtungSafety seal
3434
Hebellever
3636
LagerbockBearing block
3838
Achse von 34Axis of 34
4040
GelenkteilJoint part
4141
Kupplungclutch
4242
FührungskörperGuide body
4444
AnlenkachseArticulation axis
4545
FührungsflächeLeadership area
46, 4846, 48
Abstand, HebelarmDistance, lever arm
5050
GelenkkörperJoint body
5151
StellantriebActuator
5252
Welle von 50Wave of 50
5454
Gehäuse von 51Housing of 51
55, 5655, 56
GehäuseteilHousing part
5858
SpannbandStrap
6060
AnschlußConnection
6262
Membran-FedertellerMembrane spring plate
6464
DruckfederCompression spring
6666
Membranemembrane
6868
Ringring
7070
Außenrand von 62Outer edge of 62
7272
Innenteilinner part
7474
unteres Ende von 72lower end of 72
7676
GewindehülseThreaded sleeve
7878
Außengewinde von 50Male thread of 50
8080
RingspaltAnnular gap
8282
Öffnung in 30Opening in 30
8484
AnlageflächeContact surface
8686
freie Bohrung in 34free hole in 34
8888
zweiter Lagerbocksecond bearing block
9090
Abstanddistance
91, 9291, 92
EinstellschraubeAdjusting screw
9494
EntlüftungsvorrichtungVenting device
9696
Bohrungdrilling
9898
Flansch von 32Flange of 32
100100
Drahtwire
102102
Randedge
104104
RingnutRing groove
106106
Nasenose
108108
RingnutRing groove
110110
Ringwulst von 66Ring bead from 66
112112
SpannschloßTurnbuckle
114114
StellungsreglerPositioner
115115
Platte von 114Plate from 114
116116
Deckelcover
118118
Schraubescrew
119119
AbdeckblechCover plate
120120
Leitungmanagement
122122
Trennwand von 30Partition of 30
124124
FührungsbuchseGuide bushing
126126
Zapfen von 6Cones of 6
128128
ZentrierkonusCentering cone
130130
Konus-MutterCone nut
131131
Außengewinde von 6Male thread from 6
132132
KupplungshälfteCoupling half
134134
Schraubescrew
136136
GehäuserandCase edge
138138
Wandwall
139139
Außendurchmesserouter diameter
140140
Bodenground
142142
KantenlängeEdge length

Claims (13)

  1. A servo valve having an in particular pneumatically actuable servo drive (51) by means of which a valve spindle (6) movable axially within a valve housing (2) is actuable, and having a position controller (114) by way of which the servo drive (51) may be triggered in dependence on the position of the valve spindle (6), the valve spindle (6) being coupled to the servo drive (51) by a lever (34) and a link body (50), characterized in that the lever (34) is pivotally mounted in a lever housing (30), in that the position controller (114) is arranged on the lever housing (30), and in that the lever housing (30) is connected on the one hand to the valve housing (2) and on the other hand to the housing (54) of the servo drive (51).
  2. A servo valve, in particular according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lever (34) is arranged in an enclosed chamber (32) of the lever housing (30), and/or in that there are arranged in the said chamber (32) two bearing blocks (36, 88) within which the lever (34) is pivotally mounted, selectively in dependence on the predeterminable direction of operation.
  3. A servo valve according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the position controller (114), which is directly connected to the lever housing (34), has a plate (115) which tightly closes the second chamber (32) on the one side, in that on the other side of the lever housing (30) there is arranged a cover (116), which similarly tightly closes the second chamber (32), and/or in that travel of the valve spindle (6) is preferably detected indirectly by way of the lever (34) or the pivot pin (38) thereof.
  4. A servo valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that the plate (115) contains a connection for the overflow air from the position controller (114), the overflow air reaching the enclosed second chamber (32) and the unpressurized part of the diaphragm drive through this connection.
  5. A servo valve according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in relation to the pivot pin (38) of the lever (34) the lever arm (46) for articulation of the valve spindle (6) is substantially smaller than the lever arm (48) for articulation of the link body (50) connected to the servo drive, and/or in that adjustable travel limiters associated in particular with the lever (34) are provided and are preferably constructed as adjusting screws (91, 92) rotatably arranged in the lever (34) or in the lever housing (30).
  6. A servo valve according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that guide elements (42, 45) and/or a coupling (31) are provided between the lever (34) and the valve spindle (6).
  7. A servo valve according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the lever housing (30) has a first chamber (31) into which the valve spindle (6) partially projects and which is divided from the second chamber (32) by a dividing wall (122), a guide body (42) coupled both to the valve spindle (6) and to the lever (34) being guided through the dividing wall (122) and being movable in the direction of the spindle axis (8) and guided in relation to the lever housing (30) transverse to the spindle axis (8), preferably by means of a guide bushing (124).
  8. A servo valve according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the valve spindle (6) engages, in particular by means of a peg (126) and/or by way of a fit, in a bore in the guide body (42), and/or in that the guide body (42) has a centring cone (128) against which there bears a slotted cone nut (130), the latter being screwed onto an external thread (131) of the valve spindle (6) and being braced in relation to the centring cone (128) by means of a coupling (132).
  9. A servo valve according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the lever housing (30) is directly connected to the valve upper part (4), the lever housing (30) having a flange (98), and/or in that the diaphragm housing (54) contains a lower and an upper housing part (55, 56) which are connected to a clamping band (58) and a turnbuckle (112).
  10. A servo valve according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that biassing of the spring (64) contained in the diaphragm drive is predetermined such that the diaphragm housing (54) may be opened without mounting or safety tools, and/or in that the in particular annular diaphragm (66) is secured to the edge of the diaphragm spring disc (62) by way of a complete ring (68), in particular having a high resistance to stretching, or by means of wires (100) integrated in the inner rim of the diaphragm, and/or in that the diaphragm spring disc (62) has in the outer rim an annular groove (104) and/or a radially outwardly directed protuberance (106) which is arranged on the side not acted upon by the pressurized medium.
  11. A servo valve according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the valve housing (2) is produced by forging and has downstream of the constriction point a relief chamber (18) of large volume, the relief chamber (18) being surrounded by a substantially cylindrical wall (138) whereof the wall thickness is substantially the same over its height up to the housing rim (136).
  12. A servo valve according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the housing flange (12) provided for connecting the upper part (4) is arranged spaced from the upper housing rim (136) and/or lies substantially in the centre or in the region of the longitudinal axis (14) of the housing (2) and/or in that the external diameter (139) of the wall (138) is substantially the same size as the edge length (142) of the substantially square housing flange (12).
  13. A servo valve according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a bellows (26) is provided for sealing the valve spindle (6), and/or in that the bellows (26) is arranged in the valve upper part (4), which has a comparatively short overall length in the direction of the spindle axis (8).
EP93105087A 1992-04-28 1993-03-27 Control valve Expired - Lifetime EP0567787B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4213957 1992-04-28
DE4213957A DE4213957C2 (en) 1992-04-28 1992-04-28 Control valve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0567787A1 EP0567787A1 (en) 1993-11-03
EP0567787B1 true EP0567787B1 (en) 1997-06-25

Family

ID=6457655

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93105087A Expired - Lifetime EP0567787B1 (en) 1992-04-28 1993-03-27 Control valve

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5346172A (en)
EP (1) EP0567787B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE154842T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4213957C2 (en)

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US6776248B2 (en) * 2001-10-29 2004-08-17 Jeffery D. Campbell Four wheel drive motorized carrier
DE10159510A1 (en) * 2001-12-04 2003-06-12 Welcker F Safety unit for the gas supply to an equipment has a spring loaded valve, kept in the open position by a lever mechanism which can be tripped by levers held by an anchor at a magnet holder
JP4300345B2 (en) * 2002-09-02 2009-07-22 株式会社フジキン Controller
US6776388B2 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-08-17 Hans D. Baumann Valve actuator with internal amplifying means
US8061681B2 (en) * 2008-05-05 2011-11-22 Fisher Controls International, Llc Apparatus and methods to couple actuator stems and rod end bearings
US8096526B2 (en) * 2008-10-31 2012-01-17 Fisher Controls International, Llc Rotary actuator lever apparatus having an annular recess
US9062794B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2015-06-23 Fisher Controls International Llc Locking actuator stem and rod end bearing apparatus for use with fluid valves
WO2012126185A1 (en) * 2011-03-24 2012-09-27 Fisher Regulators (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Fluid regulator having lever cartridge
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59306813D1 (en) 1997-07-31
DE4213957C2 (en) 1994-11-10
US5346172A (en) 1994-09-13
DE4213957A1 (en) 1993-11-04
EP0567787A1 (en) 1993-11-03
ATE154842T1 (en) 1997-07-15

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