EP0560955A1 - Filter matting for a reversible-flow filter - Google Patents

Filter matting for a reversible-flow filter

Info

Publication number
EP0560955A1
EP0560955A1 EP92919785A EP92919785A EP0560955A1 EP 0560955 A1 EP0560955 A1 EP 0560955A1 EP 92919785 A EP92919785 A EP 92919785A EP 92919785 A EP92919785 A EP 92919785A EP 0560955 A1 EP0560955 A1 EP 0560955A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
filter mat
mat
base
cake
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92919785A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gustav Dillier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rosenmund AG
Original Assignee
Rosenmund AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rosenmund AG filed Critical Rosenmund AG
Publication of EP0560955A1 publication Critical patent/EP0560955A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
    • B07B1/4618—Manufacturing of screening surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B01D29/012—Making filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
    • B01D29/58—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/76—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating
    • B01D29/80—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying
    • B01D29/84—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying by gases or by heating
    • B01D29/846—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating for drying by gases or by heating by indirect heat-exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/4263—Means for active heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/79—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by liquid process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
    • B07B1/4663—Multi-layer screening surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2275/10—Multiple layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metallic filter mat for use in backwashable filter devices, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the pressure filters commonly used in technology generally contain an exchangeable filter mat which is mounted on the filter base or on parts of the filter housing.
  • the so-called backflushing is used, ie a flushing process with a gas or a liquid against the main direction of flow.
  • the backwashing is intended to extend the life of the filter mat and, when used in a filter nutsche, also to meet strict cleanliness requirements or to completely discharge the filter cake.
  • the backwash process is time consuming and does not always lead to the desired success.
  • Particularly high demands are placed on the residue-free discharge of a Nutsche if the batch sequence is associated with a product change and for sensitive substances, e.g. in the chemical-pharmaceutical field there is a risk of cross-contamination.
  • Known filter mats are multi-layered and consist of metal meshes which, starting from the mesh size required for the respective filtration process, become increasingly coarser in the flow direction. With the coarsest layer of the mat, the filter mat structure is supported on the housing parts. Due to the multi-layer design of the conventional filter mat, a certain static strength is achieved during the pressure filtering process. In the case of particularly strongly solidified filter cakes or stubborn residues in the filter mat, warping or detachment of mat parts in the backwashing direction can occur during rewinding. This not only makes the mat structure unusable. With nut filters in particular, discharge elements, for example stirring and peeling arms, are arranged at a very short distance above the filter surface.
  • object of the present invention to provide a Verbesse ⁇ tion of the filter mats to achieve the effect that a better stability is guaranteed, especially during the backwash and optionally drying process, and that a more effective operation of filter means in the context of production or processing method is possible.
  • the decisive advantage of the filter mat construction according to the invention lies in an extraordinarily high mechanical strength and bending stiffness for the filter mat assembly, which enables a perfect backwashing and drying process.
  • This network has proven itself surprisingly well in stress tests, as will be demonstrated later on using selected test results.
  • the cleaning of the filter cake can be carried out not only by a displacement ash process, but also in countercurrent;
  • the backwashing for cleaning the filter mats can be carried out practically without additional manual intervention.
  • convection or Fluid bed drying ie lifting the solid from the filter mat by means of a gas stream, the filter cake can be dried in a simple manner.
  • a conventional filter device can also be used for combined use as a filter and as a fluidized bed dryer.
  • Thermoplastics such as e.g. Polyolefins, vinyl polymers, polyamides, polyesters, polyacetals, polycarbonates and polyurethanes, in particular steel in question as the metal, the filter mat base containing one or more flow openings depending on the size.
  • Suitable pressures for drying range, for example, between 0-6 bar, but can also be higher if required.
  • the operation of a filter with devices for the automatic discharge of the filter cake is significantly shortened by the measures according to the invention and results in improved product yield and markedly increased operational safety.
  • the shortening of the processing time from, for example, 5 hours to 3 hours means a gentler treatment of the products and thus an improvement in quality.
  • the filter mat constructions according to the invention have in particular the following properties and features:
  • a particular advantage is shown by using the sintered filter mat structure described in the operating sequence of a Nutsche filter.
  • Pressure filters of this type are used to separate filterable suspensions.
  • the aim of the processing operation is to obtain the liquid filtered out or the solid residues or both components.
  • the filter cake that settles on the filter base during the processing process is slurried, coated, dried and discharged from the filter container via an outlet valve in subsequent process steps.
  • the housings of such pressure filters are pressure-tightly closed and in special cases have to ensure sterile conditions for the product in the interior.
  • a heating device is integrated in the bottom of conventional Nutsche filters. Drying the filter cake compactly on the top filter mat layer takes up a considerable part of the total processing time.
  • the drying process for the filter cake in the nutsche filter can be considerably accelerated.
  • a heated gas e.g. with an inert gas (in the case of sterile processing) or with air
  • the remaining layer of the filter cake can be effectively blasted off the filter mat without the risk of warping or even destroying the filter mat.
  • the remaining layer of the filter cake is sprinkled into small pieces and dissolved like a fluidized bed, so that the drying process takes place in a fraction of the time previously required for this. This means a gentler treatment for the product.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section through the conventional, non-backwashable filter structure used in a filter housing
  • Fig. 2 shows a section through a backwashable
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial section through a double-acting backflushable filter structure
  • Fig. 4 is a partial section through a double-acting, heatable and backwashable filter structure
  • FIG. 6 shows the flow rate dependent on the back pressure for the result according to FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 1 A conventional filter structure in the form of a filter nutsche is shown in FIG. 1.
  • a filter housing 1 On the bottom of a filter housing 1 there is a multilayer filter mat 2.
  • the upper, fine-meshed part is supported by the middle and lower part with mats of increasing mesh size when the filter is applied in flow direction A.
  • the partially blocked upper mats act as a flow brake:
  • the filter structure is "inflated" and torn from its anchoring X-X, which leads to the destruction of the filter mat.
  • the layers of the filter mat 20 have been connected to one another both to one another and to a filter mat base 21 by a sintering process.
  • the filter mats with increasing mesh size are layered one above the other and closed on the side of the largest mesh size by the filter mat base 21.
  • the entire package is then fed to a sintering process, the filter mat layers being sintered to one another in a first process step and sintered with the filter mat base or to a second process step. can squeeze.
  • the latter method is due to the use of a filter mat base made of plastic different melting temperatures of metals and plastics are practically inevitable.
  • the package When using a filter mat base made of metal, the package can be placed in a sintering furnace in accordance with known sintering processes and a process temperature can be set which is matched to the filter mat material and / or filter mat base material entered. In addition, the package is subjected to a pressing pressure. Under the influence of the relatively high, near the melting temperature of the filter mat material resp. Filter mat base material lie ⁇ the process temperature and the additional pressure acting on each other parts of the filter mat are connected to each other by interface reaction. The connections at the contact points of the heated and pressed layers are created by atomic bonding due to plastic deformation at these points.
  • the filter mat (20) can also be welded, glued, pressed or connected in some other way in order to increase the stability, or the various production processes can be combined with one another.
  • the shape of the filter mat base 21 can be adapted to practically any desired type of use. It can be round and angular.
  • the filter mat base 21 is provided with a flow opening 3, which as Drain and serves as a backwash inlet.
  • a flow opening 3 which as Drain and serves as a backwash inlet.
  • the sintered filter mat structures 20 can be welded to one another, so that practically any size surface can be covered with it.
  • the structures are welded to the filter mat edges S in order to ensure a sufficiently uniform pressure distribution by cross flow in the filter body.
  • FIGS. 3 to 4 show further selected examples for the use of the described sintered filter mats 20 provided with a filter mat base 21 for multi-layer filters.
  • FIG. 3 there is a lateral connection to the flow channels 22, a plate-shaped round filter mat pair 23 which has only a single filter mat base 21 around a centrally arranged flow channel 22, onto which the filter mat pair 23 is sintered with the coarse-meshed side is.
  • the filter mat body 24 is closed in terms of flow at the outer edges S of the filter mat pair 23. However, it can also be connected to flow channels 22 at the outer edges. This will be the case above all if the filter mat body 24 is not round, but is, for example, angular in shape.
  • the filter mat base 21 is designed as a closed flow channel wall.
  • the solid body can now be cleaned, for example in a countercurrent process, with a fluid dishwashing liquid which is passed via flow channels 22 through the filter mat pair 23 to the solid body, then lifted off, dried and discharged from the filter mat pair 23 with a gas stream, for example with nitrogen as gas.
  • a fluid dishwashing liquid which is passed via flow channels 22 through the filter mat pair 23 to the solid body, then lifted off, dried and discharged from the filter mat pair 23 with a gas stream, for example with nitrogen as gas.
  • FIG. 4 shows a heatable filter arrangement.
  • Two filter mats 31 and 32 each provided with a filter mat base 21, lie with the filter mat base 21 on heating devices, e.g. on heating pipes 33.
  • the heating serves to dry the filter cake before it is discharged. With this structure, significantly better heat transfers and thus shorter drying times can be achieved. This means a gentler treatment for the product.
  • 5 shows the result of a series of measurements for the deflection of a sintered filter mat structure 20 with a fine mesh size of 20 ⁇ m as a function of the back pressure.
  • 6 shows the flow rate dependent on the back pressure as a practically linear rising curve.
  • the rigid filter mat structure 20 provided with a filter mat base 21 can advantageously be used in the following areas:
  • Solid / liquid separators such as filters, centrifuges,
  • Fluidisable plants such as fluidized beds, flowing beds, fumigation devices, conveying devices, silo internals (ventilation), fermentation internals for fumigation etc.
  • Solid / gaseous separation devices such as dust filters (cement separation), vapor filters in drying plants.
  • Solid / solid separation systems such as classifiers, sieves, etc.
  • Liquid / liquid separators such as microfiltration, cross-flow filtration, etc.

Abstract

Des tissus filtrants à rétrolavage (20) contiennent des couches de tissu filtrant disposées, avec une largeur de maille décroissante, sur une base de filtre statiquement rigide (21). Les tissus sont reliés entre eux et par rapport à la base de préférence au moyen de liaisons par frittage et donc mutuellement entretoisés. L'utilisation de tels tissus filtrants est particulièrement avantageuse pour le fonctionnement d'un filtre sous pression éventuellement muni de dispositifs pour l'évacuation automatique du gâteau de filtre. Grâce à la conception rigide du tissu filtrant, il est possible d'établir, pour le détachement rapide et intégral du gâteau de filtre, une inversion de l'écoulement avec un agent de lavage fluide ou gazeux, sans que le tissu filtrant ne se déforme, ni se déchire. La couche restante du gâteau de filtre est chassée par tourbillonnement hors du tissu filtrant. Avec un agent de lavage gazeux chauffé, il est possible d'obtenir un séchage accéléré des restes du gâteau de filtre.Backwash filter cloths (20) contain layers of filter cloth arranged with decreasing mesh width on a statically rigid filter base (21). The fabrics are connected to each other and relative to the base preferably by means of sintering connections and therefore mutually braced. The use of such filter cloths is particularly advantageous for the operation of a pressure filter possibly provided with devices for the automatic evacuation of the filter cake. Thanks to the rigid design of the filter cloth, it is possible to establish, for the rapid and complete detachment of the filter cake, an inversion of the flow with a fluid or gaseous washing agent, without the filter cloth deforming , nor tears. The remaining layer of the filter cake is swirled out of the filter cloth. With a heated gaseous washing agent, it is possible to obtain accelerated drying of the remnants of the filter cake.

Description

RÜPCKSPÜLBARE FIILTER ATTE BACKWASHABLE FIILTER ATTE
Die Erfindung betrifft eine metallische Filtermatte zum Einsatz in rückspülbare Filtervorrichtungen, gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a metallic filter mat for use in backwashable filter devices, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Die in der Technik gebräuchlichen Druckfilter enthalten in der Regel eine auswechselbare Filtermatte, die auf dem Filterboden oder an Teilen des Filtergehäuses gelagert ist. Um die Filtermatte vor einem Verstopfen zu bewahren oder um den als Ergebnis des Filtervorgangs anfallenden Filterku¬ chen vollständig aus dem Filter auszutragen, wird die so¬ genannte Rückspülung angewendet, also ein SpülVorgang mit einem Gas oder einer Flüssigkeit entgegen der Haupt-Strö¬ mungsrichtung. Das Rückspülen soll der Verlängerung der Lebensdauer für die Filtermatte und bei Anwendung in einer Filter-Nutsche zusätzlich der Erfüllung strenger Rein¬ haitevorschriften bzw. restloser Austragung des Filterku¬ chens dienen. Der RückspülVorgang ist jedoch zeitraubend und führt nicht immer zum gewünschten Erfolg. Besonders hohe Anforderungen an die rückstandsfreie Austragung einer Nutsche werden dann gestellt, wenn die Chargenfolge mit einem Produktwechsel verbunden ist und bei empfindlichen Stoffen, z.B. im chemisch-pharmazeutischen Bereich die Ge¬ fahr der gegenseitigen Verunreinigung (cross-contamination) besteht.The pressure filters commonly used in technology generally contain an exchangeable filter mat which is mounted on the filter base or on parts of the filter housing. In order to prevent the filter mat from becoming blocked or to completely remove the filter cake resulting from the filtering process from the filter, the so-called backflushing is used, ie a flushing process with a gas or a liquid against the main direction of flow. The backwashing is intended to extend the life of the filter mat and, when used in a filter nutsche, also to meet strict cleanliness requirements or to completely discharge the filter cake. However, the backwash process is time consuming and does not always lead to the desired success. Particularly high demands are placed on the residue-free discharge of a Nutsche if the batch sequence is associated with a product change and for sensitive substances, e.g. in the chemical-pharmaceutical field there is a risk of cross-contamination.
Bekannte Filtermatten sind mehrlagig und bestehen aus Me¬ tallgeweben, die ausgehend von der für den jeweiligen Fil¬ triervorgang erforderlichen Maschenweite in Fliessrichtung zunehmend grobmaschiger werden. Mit der gröbsten Schicht der Matte wird das Filtermattengebilde an den Gehäuseteilen abgestützt. Duch die mehrlagige Ausbildung der herkömmlichen Filtermatte wird eine gewisse statische Festigkeit während des Druckfiltervorgangs erreicht. Bei besonders stark verfestigten Filterkuchen oder hart¬ näckigen Rückständen in der Filtermatte können während des Rückspulens jedoch Verwerfungen oder Ablösungen von Mat¬ tenteilen in Rückspülrichtung auftreten. Damit wird nicht nur das Mattengebilde unbrauchbar. Insbesondere bei Nut¬ schenfiltern sind in nur sehr geringem Abstand über der Filteroberfläche Austragelemente, z.B. Rühr- und Schälarme angeordnet. Ein Verwerfen des Filters hätte zur Folge, dass der Filterkuchen von Hand abgeschält werden muss, um eine Beschädigung der Austragelemente zu vermeiden. Handelt es sich um empfindliche Produkt-Chargen, die z.B. steril ver¬ arbeitet werden müssen, ist dadurch die gesamte Charge verdorben. Die damit verbundenen Verluste sind erheblich. Um in der Praxis obige Probleme zu umgehen, wird der Fil¬ terkuchen insbesondere in herkömmliche Druckfiltern denn auch meist durch Einwirken von Zentrifugalkräften oder mit Hilfe von Unwuchtmotoren entfernt.Known filter mats are multi-layered and consist of metal meshes which, starting from the mesh size required for the respective filtration process, become increasingly coarser in the flow direction. With the coarsest layer of the mat, the filter mat structure is supported on the housing parts. Due to the multi-layer design of the conventional filter mat, a certain static strength is achieved during the pressure filtering process. In the case of particularly strongly solidified filter cakes or stubborn residues in the filter mat, warping or detachment of mat parts in the backwashing direction can occur during rewinding. This not only makes the mat structure unusable. With nut filters in particular, discharge elements, for example stirring and peeling arms, are arranged at a very short distance above the filter surface. Discarding the filter would result in the filter cake having to be peeled off by hand in order to avoid damage to the discharge elements. If there are sensitive product batches that have to be processed sterile, for example, the entire batch is spoiled. The losses involved are considerable. In order to avoid the above problems in practice, the filter cake, in particular in conventional pressure filters, is mostly removed by the action of centrifugal forces or with the aid of unbalance motors.
Es •ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Verbesse¬ rung der Filtermatten dahingehend zu erreichen, dass eine bessere Stabilität insbesondere während des Rückspül- und gegebenenfalls Trocknungsvorganges gewährleistet ist und dass ein effektiverer Betrieb von Filtereinrichtungen im Rahmen von Produktions- oder Verarbeitungsverfahren möglich ist.There • object of the present invention to provide a Verbesse¬ tion of the filter mats to achieve the effect that a better stability is guaranteed, especially during the backwash and optionally drying process, and that a more effective operation of filter means in the context of production or processing method is possible.
Die gestellte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die Merkmale der Patentansprüche 1 und 8 gelöst.The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claims 1 and 8.
Der entscheidende Vorteil des erfindungsgemässen Filter- mattenaufbaus liegt in einer ausserordentlich hohen mecha¬ nischen Festigkeit und Biegesteifigkeit für den Filter¬ mattenverbund, was einen einwandfreien Rückspül- und Trocknungsvorgang ermöglicht. In Belastungstests hat sich dieser Verbund überraschend gut bewährt, wie später, anhand ausgewählter Versuchsergebnisse dargelegt wird. Durch den erfindungsgemässen Aufbau der Filtermatte lässt sich die Reinigung des Filterkuchens nicht nur durch einen Verdrängungs aschVorgang, sondern auch im Gegenstrom durchführen; zudem lässt sich das Rückspülen zur Reinigung der Filtermatten praktisch ohne zusätzliche manuelle Ein¬ griffe erledigen. Durch Konvektions- resp. Wirbelschicht¬ trocknung, d.h. Abheben des Feststoffs von der Filtermatte mittels Gasstrom, kann der Filterkuchen auf einfache Art getrocknet werden. Durch Einbau eines erfindungsgemässen Filtermattengebildes kann auch eine übliche Filtriervor¬ richtung somit einer kombinierten Nutzung als Filter und als Wirbelschichttrockner zugeführt werden.The decisive advantage of the filter mat construction according to the invention lies in an extraordinarily high mechanical strength and bending stiffness for the filter mat assembly, which enables a perfect backwashing and drying process. This network has proven itself surprisingly well in stress tests, as will be demonstrated later on using selected test results. Due to the construction of the filter mat according to the invention, the cleaning of the filter cake can be carried out not only by a displacement ash process, but also in countercurrent; In addition, the backwashing for cleaning the filter mats can be carried out practically without additional manual intervention. By convection or Fluid bed drying, ie lifting the solid from the filter mat by means of a gas stream, the filter cake can be dried in a simple manner. By installing a filter mat structure according to the invention, a conventional filter device can also be used for combined use as a filter and as a fluidized bed dryer.
Nebst mechanischer Festigkeit und Biegefestigkeit der Fil¬ termatte ist eine gleichmässige Druckverteilung des fluiden oder gasförmigen Rückspülmediums über die gesamte Filter¬ matte von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung, um den Rückspül- resp. Trocknungsvorgang einwandfrei durchzuführen. Andern¬ falls müsste dies durch zusätzliche manuelle Eingriffe wie beim Stand der Technik erledigt werden. Durch Sintern der einzelnen Schichten der Filtermatte untereinander sowie mit einer Filtermattenbasis aus Kunststoff oder Metall entste¬ hen in der Filtermatte gleichmässig verteilt Rückspülkanä¬ le, die für eine gleichmässige Druckverteilung besorgt sind.In addition to the mechanical strength and flexural strength of the filter mat, a uniform pressure distribution of the fluid or gaseous backwashing medium over the entire filter mat is of crucial importance in order to ensure the backwashing or Perform the drying process properly. Otherwise, this would have to be done by additional manual interventions as in the prior art. By sintering the individual layers of the filter mat with one another and with a filter mat base made of plastic or metal, backwashing channels are formed in the filter mat in an evenly distributed manner, which ensure a uniform pressure distribution.
Als Kunststoffe für die Filtermattenbasis kommen Thermo¬ plaste, wie z.B. Polyolefine, Vinylpolymere, Polyamide, Polyester, Polyacetale, Polycarbonate und Polyurethane, als Metall insbesondere Stahl in Frage, wobei die Filtermat¬ tenbasis je nach Grosse eine oder auch mehrere Strömungs¬ öffnungen enthält.Thermoplastics such as e.g. Polyolefins, vinyl polymers, polyamides, polyesters, polyacetals, polycarbonates and polyurethanes, in particular steel in question as the metal, the filter mat base containing one or more flow openings depending on the size.
Für die Rückspülung resp. Trocknung geeignete Drücke bewe¬ gen sich z.B. zwischen 0-6 bar, können nach Bedarf aber auch höher sein. Der Betrieb eines Filters mit Vorrichtungen für die selbsttätige Austragung des Filterkuchens wird durch die erfingsgemäsen Massnahmen wesentlich verkürzt und hat ver¬ besserte Produktausbeute sowie markant erhöhte Betriebssi¬ cherheit zur Folge. Bei empfindlichen Produkten bedeutet die Verkürzung der Verarbeitungszeit von z.B. 5 Stunden auf 3 Stunden eine schonendere Behandlung der Produkte und da¬ mit eine Qualitätsverbesserung.For the backwash resp. Suitable pressures for drying range, for example, between 0-6 bar, but can also be higher if required. The operation of a filter with devices for the automatic discharge of the filter cake is significantly shortened by the measures according to the invention and results in improved product yield and markedly increased operational safety. In the case of sensitive products, the shortening of the processing time from, for example, 5 hours to 3 hours means a gentler treatment of the products and thus an improvement in quality.
Die erfindungsgemasse Filtermatten-Konstruktionen weist insbesondere folgende Eigenschaften und Merkmale auf:The filter mat constructions according to the invention have in particular the following properties and features:
keine statische Aufladungno static charge
- eigenstabil- inherently stable
- mechanisch belastbar- mechanically resilient
- weitgehend abriebfrei- largely free of abrasion
- temperaturbeständig von 0° C bis mehr als 600° C sterilisierbar- Temperature resistant from 0 ° C to more than 600 ° C can be sterilized
- fusselfrei verschweissbar- Can be welded without lint
- auch in hochwertigen Materialien herstellbar.- Can also be manufactured in high-quality materials.
Ein besonderer Vorteil zeigt sich durch Anwendung des be¬ schriebenen gesinterten Filtermattengebildes im Betriebs¬ ablauf eines Nutschenfilters. Druckfilter dieser Art dienen der Trennung von filtrierbaren Suspensionen. Ziel des Be¬ arbeitungsvorganges ist die Gewinnung der ausfiltrierten Flüssigkeit oder der festen Rückstände oder beider Be¬ standteile. Der sich während des Bearbeitunsprozesses auf dem Filterboden absetzende Filterkuchen wird in nachgeord- neten Verfahrensschritten aufgeschlämmt, gestrichen, ge¬ trocknet und über ein Auslassventil aus dem Filterbehälter ausgetragen. Die Gehäuse solcher Druckfilter sind druckfest verschlossen und müssen in besonderen Fällen sterile Be¬ dingungen für das Produkt im Innenraum gewährleisten. Zur Trocknung des Filterkuchens vor dessen Austragung ist bei konventionellen Nutschenfiltern im Boden eine Heizvor¬ richtung integriert. Das Trocknen des kompakt auf der obersten Filtermattenschicht aufliegenden Filterkuchens nimmt einen erheblichen Teil der gesamten Verarbeitungszeit in Anspruch.A particular advantage is shown by using the sintered filter mat structure described in the operating sequence of a Nutsche filter. Pressure filters of this type are used to separate filterable suspensions. The aim of the processing operation is to obtain the liquid filtered out or the solid residues or both components. The filter cake that settles on the filter base during the processing process is slurried, coated, dried and discharged from the filter container via an outlet valve in subsequent process steps. The housings of such pressure filters are pressure-tightly closed and in special cases have to ensure sterile conditions for the product in the interior. To dry the filter cake before it is discharged, a heating device is integrated in the bottom of conventional Nutsche filters. Drying the filter cake compactly on the top filter mat layer takes up a considerable part of the total processing time.
Mit dem Einsatz des zuvor beschriebenen gesinterten Fil¬ termattengebildes, welches durch den Sinterprozess eine ausserordentlich hohe Biegefestigkeit erreicht hat, lässt sich der Trocknungsvorgang für den Filterkuchen im Nut¬ schenfilter erheblich beschleunigen. Durch Rückspülen mit einem aufgeheizten Gas, z.B. mit einem inerten Gas (bei steriler Verarbeitung), oder mit Luft lässt sich die Rest¬ schicht des Filterkuchens wirkungsvoll von der Filtermatte absprengen, ohne dass die Gefahr einer Verwerfung oder gar einer Zerstörung der Filtermatte besteht. Dadurch lässt sich überhaupt erst ein wirkungsvoller Spülmitteldurchsatz während des Rückspulens erzielen. Ausserdem wird die Rest¬ schicht des Filterkuchens in kleine Stücke aufgesprengt und wirbelschichtartig aufgelöst, so dass der Trocknungsvorgang in einem Bruchteil der bisher dafür erforderlichen Zeit abläuft. Dies bedeutet eine schonendere Behandlung für das Produkt.With the use of the sintered filter mat structure described above, which has achieved an extraordinarily high bending strength through the sintering process, the drying process for the filter cake in the nutsche filter can be considerably accelerated. By backwashing with a heated gas, e.g. with an inert gas (in the case of sterile processing) or with air, the remaining layer of the filter cake can be effectively blasted off the filter mat without the risk of warping or even destroying the filter mat. This is the only way to achieve an effective detergent throughput during rewinding. In addition, the remaining layer of the filter cake is sprinkled into small pieces and dissolved like a fluidized bed, so that the drying process takes place in a fraction of the time previously required for this. This means a gentler treatment for the product.
Einzelheiten sowie weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbei¬ spielen. In den Figuren zeigen:Details and further advantages of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments. The figures show:
Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch die in ein Filtergehäuse eingesetzte herkömmliche, nicht rückspülbare FilterstrukturFig. 1 shows a section through the conventional, non-backwashable filter structure used in a filter housing
Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch eine rückspülbare, zurFig. 2 shows a section through a backwashable
Verstärkung gesinterte Filterstruktur im gleichen Gehäuseteil, Fig. 3 einen Teilschnitt durch einen doppelt wirkenden rückspülbaren FilteraufbauReinforcement sintered filter structure in the same housing part, Fig. 3 shows a partial section through a double-acting backflushable filter structure
Fig. 4 einen Teilschnitt durch einen doppelt wirkenden, heizbaren und rückspülbaren FilteraufbauFig. 4 is a partial section through a double-acting, heatable and backwashable filter structure
Fig. 5 das Ergebnis einer Messreihe für die Durchbiegung einer gesinterten Filterstruktur in Abhängigkeit vom Gegendruck, und5 shows the result of a series of measurements for the deflection of a sintered filter structure as a function of the back pressure, and
Fig. 6 die vom Gegendruck abhängige Durchflussleistung für das Ergebnis gemäss Fig. 5.6 shows the flow rate dependent on the back pressure for the result according to FIG. 5.
Einen konventionellen Filteraufbau in Form einer Filter- Nutsche zeigt Fig. 1. Auf dem Boden eines Filtergehäuses 1 liegt eine mehrlagige Filtermatte 2. Der obere, feinma¬ schige Teil wird dabei vom mittleren und unteren Teil mit Matten von zunehmender Maschenweite gestützt, wenn das Filter in Durchflussrichtung A beaufschlagt wird. Bei Rückspülung in Richtung B wirken die zum Teil verstopften oberen Matten als Strömungsbremse: Das Filtergebilde wird "aufgeblasen" und aus seiner Verankerung X-X gerissen, was zu einer Zerstörung der Filtermatte führt.A conventional filter structure in the form of a filter nutsche is shown in FIG. 1. On the bottom of a filter housing 1 there is a multilayer filter mat 2. The upper, fine-meshed part is supported by the middle and lower part with mats of increasing mesh size when the filter is applied in flow direction A. When backwashing in direction B, the partially blocked upper mats act as a flow brake: The filter structure is "inflated" and torn from its anchoring X-X, which leads to the destruction of the filter mat.
Demgegenüber sind in dem Beispiel gemäss Fig. 2 die Schich¬ ten der Filtermatte 20 sowohl untereinander sowie mit einer Filtermattenbasis 21 aus Metall durch einen Sinterprozess miteinander verbunden worden. Dabei werden zunächst die Filtermatten mit steigender Maschenweite übereinander geschichtet und auf der Seite der grössten Maschenweite durch die Filtermattenbasis 21 abgeschlossen. Das gesamte Paket wird nun einem Sinterprozess zugeführt, wobei man in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt auch zuerst die Filter¬ mattenschichten untereinander sintern und erst in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt diese mit der Filtermattenbasis sintern resp. verpressen kann. Letzteres Verfahren ist bei Benützung einer Filtermattenbasis aus Kunststoff wegen der verschieden hohen Schmelztemperaturen von Metallen und Kunststoffen praktisch unausweichlich.In contrast, in the example according to FIG. 2, the layers of the filter mat 20 have been connected to one another both to one another and to a filter mat base 21 by a sintering process. First, the filter mats with increasing mesh size are layered one above the other and closed on the side of the largest mesh size by the filter mat base 21. The entire package is then fed to a sintering process, the filter mat layers being sintered to one another in a first process step and sintered with the filter mat base or to a second process step. can squeeze. The latter method is due to the use of a filter mat base made of plastic different melting temperatures of metals and plastics are practically inevitable.
Bei Verwendung einer Filtermattenbasis aus Metall kann man gemäss an sich bekannten Sinterverfahren das Paket in einen Sinterofen geben und eine Verfahrenstemperatur einstellen, welche auf das eingegebene Filtermatten-Material und/oder Filtermattenbasis-Material abgestimmt ist. Zusätzlich wird das Paket einem Pressdruck ausgesetzt. Unter dem Einfluss der relativ hohen, nahe der Schmelztemperatur des Filter¬ matten-Materials resp. Filtermattenbasis-Materials liegen¬ den Verfahrenstemperatur sowie des zusätzlich wirkenden Drucks werden aufeinanderliegende Teile der Filtermatten durch Grenzflächenreaktion miteinander verbunden. Die Ver¬ bindungen an den Berührungsstellen der aufgeheizten und aufeinandergepressten Schichten entstehen durch atomare Bindung aufgrund plastischer Verformung an diesen Stellen.When using a filter mat base made of metal, the package can be placed in a sintering furnace in accordance with known sintering processes and a process temperature can be set which is matched to the filter mat material and / or filter mat base material entered. In addition, the package is subjected to a pressing pressure. Under the influence of the relatively high, near the melting temperature of the filter mat material resp. Filter mat base material lie¬ the process temperature and the additional pressure acting on each other parts of the filter mat are connected to each other by interface reaction. The connections at the contact points of the heated and pressed layers are created by atomic bonding due to plastic deformation at these points.
Als Ergebnis bildet sich ein mechanischer Verbund von aus- serordentlich hoher mechanischer Festigkeit und Biegestei- figkeit, vergleichbar einem statischen Raumfachwerk, mit einem zusammenhängenden Porenskelett. In Belastungstests hat sich dieser Verbund überraschend gut bewährt, wie später anhand ausgewählter Versuchsergebnisse dargelegt wird. Eine Ablösung der feineren Filtermattenschichten ist bei diesem gesinterten Gebilde nicht mehr zu befürchten.The result is a mechanical bond of extraordinarily high mechanical strength and bending stiffness, comparable to a static space framework, with a coherent pore skeleton. This network has proven itself surprisingly well in stress tests, as will be demonstrated later with selected test results. A detachment of the finer filter mat layers is no longer to be feared with this sintered structure.
Die Filtermatte (20) kann statt durch Sintern auch verschweisst, verklebt, verpresst oder auf andere Weise verbunden sein, um die Stabilität zu erhöhen, oder es können die verschiedenen Herstellungsverfahren miteinander kombiniert werden.Instead of sintering, the filter mat (20) can also be welded, glued, pressed or connected in some other way in order to increase the stability, or the various production processes can be combined with one another.
Die Form der Filtermattenbasis 21 lässt sich an praktisch jede gewünschte Verwendungsart anpassen. Sie kann rund und eckig sein. Im Beispiel nach Fig. 2 ist die Filtermatten¬ basis 21 mit einer Strömungsöffnung 3 versehen, welche als Ablauf und als Rückspül-Einlass dient. Wegen des gleich- massigen Porenskeletts in und zwischen den Filtermatten¬ schichten findet in diesem Fall beim Rückspülen eine aus¬ reichende Gleichverteilung des Spülmitteldrucks auf den kritischen oberen Mattenbereich statt. Bei besonders grossflächigen Filtermattengebilden 20 kann es zweckmässig sein, die Filtermattenbasis 21 mit weiteren Öffnungen zu versehen.The shape of the filter mat base 21 can be adapted to practically any desired type of use. It can be round and angular. In the example according to FIG. 2, the filter mat base 21 is provided with a flow opening 3, which as Drain and serves as a backwash inlet. In this case, due to the uniform pore skeleton in and between the filter mat layers, there is sufficient uniform distribution of the detergent pressure over the critical upper mat area during backwashing. In the case of filter mat structures 20 with a particularly large surface area, it may be expedient to provide the filter mat base 21 with further openings.
Wie das Beispiel nach Fig. 2 weiter zeigt, lassen sich die gesinterten Filtermattengebilde 20 miteinander verschweis- sen, so dass sich praktisch beliebig grosse Flächen damit abdecken lassen. Verschweisst werden die Gebilde an den Filtermattenrändern S, um eine genügend gleichmässige Druckverteilung durch Querströmung im Filterkörper sicher¬ zustellen.As the example according to FIG. 2 further shows, the sintered filter mat structures 20 can be welded to one another, so that practically any size surface can be covered with it. The structures are welded to the filter mat edges S in order to ensure a sufficiently uniform pressure distribution by cross flow in the filter body.
In den Figuren 3 bis 4 sind weitere ausgewählte Beispiele für die Anwendung der beschriebenen, mit einer Filter¬ mattenbasis 21 versehenen gesinterten Filtermatten 20 für mehrschichtige Filter gezeigt.FIGS. 3 to 4 show further selected examples for the use of the described sintered filter mats 20 provided with a filter mat base 21 for multi-layer filters.
Nach Fig. 3 erfolgt ein seitlicher Anschluss an die Strö¬ mungskanäle 22, wobei ein plattenförmiges rundes Filter¬ mattenpaar 23, das rings um einen zentral angeordneten Strömungskanal 22 nur eine einzige Filtermattenbasis 21 aufweist, auf welche das Filtermattenpaar 23 je mit der grobmaschigen Seite aufgesintert ist. An den Aussenrändern S des Filtermattenpaars 23 ist der Filtermattenkörper 24 strömungsmässig verschlossen. Er kann aber auch an den Aussenrändern an Strömungskanäle 22 angeschlossen sein. Dies wird vor allem dann der Fall sein, wenn der Filter¬ mattenkörper 24 nicht rund, sondern z.B. eckig geformt ist. In diesem Beispiel ist die Filtermattenbasis 21 als eine geschlossene Strömungskanalwand ausgebildet. Durch Anlegen von Druck wird die in den Druckfilter einge¬ brachte Suspension in Festkörper und Filtrat getrennt und das Filtrat durch die Strömungskanäle 22 entfernt. Nun kann der Festkörper z.B. im Gegenstromverfahren mit einem flu- iden Spülmittel gereinigt, das via Strömungskanäle 22 durch das Filtermattenpaar 23 auf den Festkörper geleitet wird, dann mit einem Gasstrom, z.B. mit Stickstoff als Gas, vom Filtermattenpaar 23 abgehoben, getrocknet und ausgetragen werden.According to FIG. 3, there is a lateral connection to the flow channels 22, a plate-shaped round filter mat pair 23 which has only a single filter mat base 21 around a centrally arranged flow channel 22, onto which the filter mat pair 23 is sintered with the coarse-meshed side is. The filter mat body 24 is closed in terms of flow at the outer edges S of the filter mat pair 23. However, it can also be connected to flow channels 22 at the outer edges. This will be the case above all if the filter mat body 24 is not round, but is, for example, angular in shape. In this example, the filter mat base 21 is designed as a closed flow channel wall. By applying pressure, the suspension introduced into the pressure filter is separated into solids and filtrate and the filtrate is removed through the flow channels 22. The solid body can now be cleaned, for example in a countercurrent process, with a fluid dishwashing liquid which is passed via flow channels 22 through the filter mat pair 23 to the solid body, then lifted off, dried and discharged from the filter mat pair 23 with a gas stream, for example with nitrogen as gas.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine heizbare Filteranordnung. Zwei mit je einer Filtermattenbasis 21 versehene Filtermatten 31 und 32 liegen mit der Filtermattenbasis 21 auf Heizvorrichtungen, z.B. auf Heizrohren 33. Die Heizung dient zur Trocknung des Filterkuchens vor dessen Austragung. Mit diesem Gebilde lassen sich erheblich bessere Wäremübergänge und damit kürzere Trocknungszeiten erreichen. Dies bedeutet eine schonendere Behandlung für das Produkt.4 shows a heatable filter arrangement. Two filter mats 31 and 32, each provided with a filter mat base 21, lie with the filter mat base 21 on heating devices, e.g. on heating pipes 33. The heating serves to dry the filter cake before it is discharged. With this structure, significantly better heat transfers and thus shorter drying times can be achieved. This means a gentler treatment for the product.
In Fig. 5 ist das Ergebnis einer Messreihe für die Durch¬ biegung eines gesinterten Filtermattengebildes 20 mit 20 μm feinster Maschenweite in Abhängikeit vom Gegendruck ge¬ zeigt. Es ist die vorteilhafte Begrenzung der Durchbiegung bei steigendem Gegendruck beim Rückspülen gut zu erkennen. Fig. 6 zeigt die vom Gegendruck abhängige Durchfluss¬ leistung als praktisch linear ansteigende Kurve.5 shows the result of a series of measurements for the deflection of a sintered filter mat structure 20 with a fine mesh size of 20 μm as a function of the back pressure. The advantageous limitation of the deflection with increasing back pressure during backwashing can be clearly seen. 6 shows the flow rate dependent on the back pressure as a practically linear rising curve.
Grundsätzlich lässt sich das starre und mit einer Filter¬ mattenbasis 21 versehene Filtermattengebilde 20 mit Vorteil in folgenden Gebieten einsetzen:In principle, the rigid filter mat structure 20 provided with a filter mat base 21 can advantageously be used in the following areas:
Fest/Flüssig-Trennapparate wie Filter, Zentrifugen,Solid / liquid separators such as filters, centrifuges,
Nutschen etc.Nutsche etc.
Fluidisierbare Anlagen, wie Wirbelschichten, Fliess- betten, Begasungseinrichtungen, Fördereinrichtungen, Siloeinbauten (Belüftungen), Fermentiereinbauten zur Begasung etc. Fest/gasförmige Trenneinrichtungen, wie Staubfilter (Zementabtrennung), Brüdenfilter bei Trocknungsan¬ lagen.Fluidisable plants, such as fluidized beds, flowing beds, fumigation devices, conveying devices, silo internals (ventilation), fermentation internals for fumigation etc. Solid / gaseous separation devices, such as dust filters (cement separation), vapor filters in drying plants.
Fest/fest Trennanlagen wie Klassierer, Siebe, etc. Flüssig/flüssig-Trennapparate wie Mikrofiltrationen, Querstromfiltrationen, etc. Solid / solid separation systems such as classifiers, sieves, etc. Liquid / liquid separators such as microfiltration, cross-flow filtration, etc.

Claims

PATENTANSPRPÜCHE PATENT CLAIMS
1. Filtermatte zum Einsatz in rückspülbare Filtervor¬ richtungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine Filtermatte (20), bestehend aus mindestens 2 Filtermatten¬ schichten und einer statisch starren Filtermattenbasis (21), untereinander und gegenüber der Filtermattenbasis (21) starr verbunden sind.1. Filter mat for use in backwashable Filtervor¬ devices, characterized in that at least one filter mat (20) consisting of at least 2 Filtermatten¬ layers and a statically rigid filter mat base (21) are rigidly connected to each other and with respect to the filter mat base (21).
2. Filtermatte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ausgehend von der Filtermattenbasis (21 ) Filter¬ mattenschichten mit sinkender Maschenweite auf einer sta¬ tisch starren Filtermattenbasis (21) angeordnet sind.2. Filter mat according to claim 1, characterized in that, starting from the filter mat base (21), filter mat layers with decreasing mesh size are arranged on a statically rigid filter mat base (21).
3. Filtermatte nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekenn- zeichent, dass die Filtermattenschichten untereinander und gegenüber der Filtermattenbasis (21) durch Sinterverbin¬ dungen verstrebt sind.3. Filter mat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the filter mat layers are braced with one another and with respect to the filter mat base (21) by sintered connections.
4. Filtermatte nach einem der Anspruch 1-3, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, dass die Filtermattenbasis (21) und/oder die Filtermattenschichten aus massivem metallischem Material oder einem Thermoplasten bestehen.4. Filter mat according to one of claims 1-3, characterized ge indicates that the filter mat base (21) and / or the filter mat layers consist of solid metallic material or a thermoplastic.
5. Filtermatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1-4, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, dass die Filtermattenbasis (21) als eine ge¬ schlossene Strömungskanalwand mit vorzugsweise einem beid- seitig angeordneten Filtermattenpaar (23) ausgebildet ist (Fig. 3).5. Filter mat according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the filter mat base (21) is designed as a closed flow channel wall with preferably a pair of filter mats (23) arranged on both sides (FIG. 3).
6. Filtermatte nach einem der- Anspruch 1-4, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, dass die Filtermattenbasis (21) mit minde¬ stens einer Strömungsöffnung (3) versehen ist.6. Filter mat according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the filter mat base (21) is provided with at least one flow opening (3).
7. Filtermatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1-6, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, dass in und/oder unter der Filtermattenbasis (21) Heiz orrichtungen, insbesondere Heizrohre (33), ange¬ bracht sind.7. Filter mat according to one of claims 1-6, characterized ge indicates that in and / or under the filter mat base (21) heating devices, in particular heating pipes (33), are attached.
8. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Filters, insbesondere ei¬ nes Druckfilters vorzugsweise mit Vorrichtungen für die selbsttätige Austragung des Filterkuchens, mit mindestens einer Filtermatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Ablösung des Filterkuchens von der Filtermatte eine Rückströmung mit einem fluiden oder gas¬ förmigen Spülmittel aufgebaut wird, bis die Restschicht des Filterkuchens aus der Filtermatte herausgewirbelt wird.8. A method for operating a filter, in particular a pressure filter, preferably with devices for the automatic discharge of the filter cake, with at least one filter mat according to one of claims 1-7, characterized in that a backflow with a for detaching the filter cake from the filter mat fluid or gaseous detergent is built up until the remaining layer of the filter cake is whirled out of the filter mat.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit aufgeheiztem gasförmigem Spülmittel eine be¬ schleunigte Trocknung der Filterkuchenreste vorgenommen wird.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that accelerated drying of the filter cake residues is carried out with heated gaseous washing-up liquid.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Filterkuchen vor Ablösung von der Filtermatte mittels Verdrängungs- resp. Gegenstromwäsche durch Beauftragung mit einem Spülmittel gereinigt wird.10. The method according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the filter cake before detachment from the filter mat by means of displacement or. Counter-current washing is cleaned by commissioning with a detergent.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8-10, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, dass das Spülmittel mit einem Gegendruck von 0-6 bar, insbesondere 2-4 bar, von der Rückseite der Fil¬ termatte her aufgebaut wird.11. The method according to any one of claims 8-10, characterized ge indicates that the detergent with a back pressure of 0-6 bar, in particular 2-4 bar, is built up from the back of the filter mat.
12. Verwendung der Filtermatten nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7 in Druckfiltern oder Mehrschichtfiltern.12. Use of the filter mats according to one of claims 1-7 in pressure filters or multi-layer filters.
13. Verwendung der Filtermatten nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7 in Wirbeltrocknungsvorrichtungen.13. Use of the filter mats according to one of claims 1-7 in vortex drying devices.
14. Verwendung der Filtermatten nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7 zum kombinierten Filtrieren von Suspensionen und gegebenenfalls nach einem Trocknungsschritt Ablösen von der Filtermatte und Austragen des Filterkuchens im Gegenstrom- verfahren. 14. Use of the filter mats according to any one of claims 1-7 for the combined filtering of suspensions and if necessary, after a drying step, detach from the filter mat and discharge the filter cake in a countercurrent process.
EP92919785A 1991-10-04 1992-10-01 Filter matting for a reversible-flow filter Withdrawn EP0560955A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2936/91 1991-10-04
CH293691 1991-10-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0560955A1 true EP0560955A1 (en) 1993-09-22

Family

ID=4244961

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92919785A Withdrawn EP0560955A1 (en) 1991-10-04 1992-10-01 Filter matting for a reversible-flow filter

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0560955A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06503269A (en)
AU (1) AU2579392A (en)
WO (1) WO1993006908A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3019177A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-02 Eurenco France METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE RECOVERY, FROM SUSPENSIONS CONTAINING EXPLOSIVE LOADS, OF SUCH EXPLOSIVE, DRY LOADS

Family Cites Families (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL15178C (en) * 1923-06-27
US4138303A (en) * 1977-04-21 1979-02-06 Taylor Sr John J Method of forming screen packs
GB2004762B (en) * 1977-09-22 1982-03-10 Davy Loewy Ltd Production of metal powder
US4446352A (en) * 1980-08-11 1984-05-01 United States Filter Fluid Systems Corp. Filter leaf
US4414172A (en) * 1982-05-21 1983-11-08 Filtertek, Inc. Process and apparatus for sealing a plurality of filter elements
GB2161715B (en) * 1984-07-21 1988-06-22 Thule United Ltd Improvements in filtering screens

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO9306908A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2579392A (en) 1993-05-03
WO1993006908A1 (en) 1993-04-15
JPH06503269A (en) 1994-04-14

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