EP0549481B1 - Sliding board with vibration damping device - Google Patents
Sliding board with vibration damping device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0549481B1 EP0549481B1 EP92420408A EP92420408A EP0549481B1 EP 0549481 B1 EP0549481 B1 EP 0549481B1 EP 92420408 A EP92420408 A EP 92420408A EP 92420408 A EP92420408 A EP 92420408A EP 0549481 B1 EP0549481 B1 EP 0549481B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- damping device
- visco
- board according
- ski
- sliding board
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
- A63C5/06—Skis or snowboards with special devices thereon, e.g. steering devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
- A63C5/06—Skis or snowboards with special devices thereon, e.g. steering devices
- A63C5/075—Vibration dampers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a board for gliding on snow or the like, such as a ski, a snowboard, etc., this board for gliding being provided with a device for damping vibrations.
- a ski is a relatively complex shaped beam whose centers of gravity of the different sections are not aligned. This position of the centers of gravity is also variable depending on the different structures.
- an assembly subjected to an external disturbance vibrates around one or more natural frequencies which are characteristic of its structure and which result from its stiffness and mass distributions.
- the behavior and the feelings which result from these vibrations are influenced by the sum of the micro-displacements which are generated, in different directions.
- the displacements are minimum at the nodes of vibration and are maximum at the bellies of vibration. These vibrations are damped more or less quickly depending on the damping characteristics of the structure.
- vibrations to which a ski is subjected the flexural vibrations in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the sole of the ski have been the subject of numerous researches. These vibrations essentially belong to the "first mode” of vibrations, that is to say harmonic N ° 1, and to the "third mode", that is to say to harmonic N ° 3.
- Figure 1 shows schematically a ski in side view
- FIGS. 2 and 3 respectively represent the deformations of this ski in maximum amplitude in the first and the third mode of vibrations.
- the first mode is predominant for a special slalom ski, while the third mode is predominant for a giant slalom ski.
- skis comprising, integrated into their structure, bands of visco-elastic material whose position and length are determined according to the vibrations to be damped, and consequently according to the characteristics that the ski must present, depending on whether it is for example a special slalom ski or a giant slalom ski.
- An object of the present invention is to solve, by a simple and inexpensive means, the problem of the damping of this combined flexion-torsion vibration mode.
- Figure 4 of the accompanying drawing schematically shows half of a ski, seen from above. The deformation of this ski in the above-mentioned combined bending-torsion mode is shown in dotted lines in this figure.
- the gliding board according to the invention uses at least one damping device comprising at least one plate of visco-elastic material working in shear and associated with at least one stress element with high elasticity modulus which is either glued to this visco plate - elastic be drowned in the latter.
- a damping device known as a "stress plate", and constituted, in a manner known per se (see for example the document FR-A-2,575,393) on the one hand of a plate of visco-elastic material, for example the damping coefficient is at least 0.5 in an operating range ranging in temperature from -30 to + 30 ° C and in frequency from 0 to 300 Hz, and d on the other hand, a stress plate made of a material with a high modulus of elasticity, for example aluminum alloy.
- the plate of visco-elastic material is then bonded between the upper surface of the gliding board and the stress plate.
- the thickness of this visco-elastic material plate is between 0.5 and 1.2 mm while its damping coefficient is between 0.8 and 1.2, and the thickness of the stress plate is between 0.5 and 1.2 mm.
- each shock absorber comprises a stress plate made of aluminum alloy, with a thickness of 0.6 mm, which is bonded to a strip of visco-elastic material with a thickness of 0.8 mm and a coefficient d damping on the order of 0.8, optimal for a temperature of -10 ° and for vibration frequencies between 10 and 100 Hertz.
- This damping device can also be a device composed of a plate of visco-elastic material in which steel wires are embedded, according for example to document FR-A-2,437,225. Instead of steel wire, it can moreover be glass or carbon wire. Instead of wires, it may be, for example according to document FR-A-2,237,653, a stress plate, for example metallic, which is therefore embedded in a visco-elastic plate, this stress plate preferably being openwork.
- the ski can therefore comprise at least one visco-elastic damping device of the aforementioned type, which is placed in the area where the visco-elastic material is most stressed in shear deformation. It thus absorbs and dissipates an amount of energy which is not returned to the structure. The effect of the vibration is then modified, by "stifling" the amplitude of movement of the structure.
- zones of maximum curvature for a special slalom ski are positioned, for a given structure, in the zone referenced "A" for the simple bending mode and in the zone “D” for the combined flexion-torsion flexion mode.
- An object of the invention is therefore to provide, for a determined area, a unique and effective damping device in the different orientation planes of the ski structure.
- the invention aims to improve the damping of the different modes of vibration developing in the structure of a gliding board, but in planes or surfaces oriented differently.
- the damping device used is positioned locally so that its active zones correspond to the zones of maximum curvature respective to the different modes of vibration.
- This gliding board is of the type comprising at least one vibration damping element which is either attached to the structure of the board or incorporated into this structure, and which comprises on the one hand at least one plate of viscoelastic material working in shear and d on the other hand at least one constraint element whose modulus of elasticity is very high compared to that of this visco-elastic material, this constraint element either being glued to the plate of viscoelastic material or embedded in it, and this damping device being positioned locally on or in the gliding board in determined zones thereof.
- the damping device in these zones at least one damping device of the aforementioned type, but shaped so that its contact surface with the structure of the gliding board, instead of being conventionally planar or perhaps more or less curved, partially conforms to these zones, consequently following, at least in certain places, different planes of the board of slides, this damping device consequently having a three-dimensional shape combining several planes, oriented differently but at least one of which is substantially parallel to the upper plane of the board, the damping device being for example in L-section or in the shape of a U-shaped jumper.
- FIG. 5 there is shown a portion of a snow ski 1, more specifically a piste ski, on the surface of which a vibration damping device 2 is attached.
- This damping device 2 is of course, according to the teaching of the prior art, positioned locally on the ski 1 so that its active zones correspond to the maximum curvatures relating to the vibration modes considered. It is however very special. It is of course and in accordance with the teaching of the prior art, a shock absorber working in shear and comprising a plate of visco-elastic material 3, which is bonded to the surface of the ski 1, and a conjugate plate 4 made of a material with a high modulus of elasticity (for example aluminum alloy). However, the lower part 5 of this damping device 2 with a stress plate does not adopt a continuous planar shape as is the case in this example for its upper part 6: as can be clearly seen in FIGS.
- this device 2 has, in this lower zone 5, an inverted U-shaped section with short flared branches, that is to say in fact a section which, according to the invention, is three-dimensional combining several planes oriented differently , with at least one of these planes (as is the case here for the base of the "U") which is substantially parallel to the plane of the upper surface 7 of the ski.
- This lower part 5 of the damper then allows the damping of vibrations which develop in three different planes or orientations, including the plane 7 of the ski and the planes 8, 9 of the edges of this ski.
- the coupling which is carried out by the junctions 10 and 11 of the multiple faces of the stress plate 4 provides an effect unexpected and much more effective than that which would be provided by several shock absorbers with a practically flat stress plate according to the prior art, and which would be placed, in these same zones close to section VI-VI, on these same adjacent faces of the structure ski.
- the damping device can either be, as is the case for FIG. 5, simply attached to the surface of the ski, or, as illustrated in FIG. 6, placed in a recess provided for this purpose and in at least two different planes in the structure 12 of the ski, so as to be flush with the rest of the surface of this ski, or, according to a hybrid solution, having its lateral parts 13 (FIG. 8) embedded respectively in the edges 8.9 of the ski of so as to be flush with them, and its upper part 14 (that is to say that which covers a portion of the upper face 7 of the ski) simply attached without embedding on this face 7.
- FIG. 8 also illustrates another advantageous form for the shock absorber 2.
- shock absorber (s) could be totally or partially embedded in recesses provided for this purpose in the structure of the ski, instead of being directly attached to the latter.
- the section of the stress plate, and therefore of the damping device could be L-shaped, as illustrated in Figure 7, and not U-shaped. It could, as shown in this same Figure 7, be placed so asymmetrical with respect to the median longitudinal axis of the board. It could also be with more or less rounded junctions, depending on the shape of the structure of the plank in this place.
- this damping device can also take very diverse forms. modulating the damping surfaces according to the intensity and the positioning of the curvature zones of the structure of the board. This form of damping device is adapted to the particular modes to be damped.
- shock absorbers can be multiple, the location of these shock absorbers strongly depending, in general, on the structure of the gliding board.
- the viscoelastic element 3 itself may not continuously conform to the complex shape of the constraint plate, but may be composed of several adjacent plates.
- the same visco-elastic damping element 3 can be composed of several plates, either superimposed or juxtaposed, of different characteristics with respect to each other, and this in the same orientation plane or not.
- the visco-elastic materials may also differ in the same way according to their orientation plane.
- the thickness of the visco-elastic material can vary throughout the same visco-elastic plate: it can for example gradually increase from one end to the other of this plate and be for example of the order of 0, 5 mm at one end and around 2 mm at the other end.
- FIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment according to which on the one hand the damping device 2 used is of another type, in this example of the type according to document FR-A-2,437,225 comprising stress wires 15 made of material to high modulus of elasticity (in steel for example) which are embedded as shown in a plate 16 of viscoelastic material, and on the other hand this damping device 2 is embedded in the structure 12 of the ski 1 as shown.
- the damping device 2 used is of another type, in this example of the type according to document FR-A-2,437,225 comprising stress wires 15 made of material to high modulus of elasticity (in steel for example) which are embedded as shown in a plate 16 of viscoelastic material, and on the other hand this damping device 2 is embedded in the structure 12 of the ski 1 as shown.
- This damping device 2 has a U-shaped section. It could also adopt an inverted U-shaped section according to FIG. 6, or even a coated L-shaped section according to FIG. 7 for example.
- these stress wires 15 could be distributed asymmetrically in the visco-elastic plate 16 instead of being symmetrically and regularly distributed as in FIG. 12.
- stress wires 15 could be replaced by a stress plate 15, according to the aforementioned document FR-A-2,237,653.
- FIGS. 13 to 15 illustrate a last embodiment for which the damping device 2 is placed on the technical structure 17 of the ski 1, but under the decor layer 18 of this ski.
- the shock absorber 2 then forms a visible overhang 19 on the ski, which is advantageous because of its distance from the neutral fiber.
- visco-elastic layer 16 is seen on the edge of the ski, above the edge 20, as shown in Figure 15, which is interesting from a commercial point of view, the user appreciating to visualize the shock absorbers that we praise him.
- the damping device could also, while being placed just under the decor layer 18 as in FIG. 13, be embedded in the structure 17 of the ski as in FIG. 6.
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à une planche de glisse sur neige ou assimilé, tel qu'un ski, un surf des neiges,..., cette planche de glisse étant pourvue d'un dispositif d'amortissement des vibrations.The present invention relates to a board for gliding on snow or the like, such as a ski, a snowboard, etc., this board for gliding being provided with a device for damping vibrations.
En évolution sur la neige, un ski est soumis à des chocs d'origines diverses et de toutes natures qui entraînent des vibrations de ce ski. Si ces vibrations dépassent un certain niveau, elles pénalisent le confort du skieur et le comportement général du ski.In evolution on snow, a ski is subjected to shocks of various origins and of all kinds which cause vibrations of this ski. If these vibrations exceed a certain level, they penalize the comfort of the skier and the general behavior of the ski.
C'est ainsi notamment que certaines vibrations entraînent une perte de contact entre le ski et la neige, ce qui vient pénaliser la stabilité, l'accrochage, et la glisse du ski.Thus, in particular, certain vibrations cause a loss of contact between the ski and the snow, which penalizes the stability, the grip, and the sliding of the ski.
Un ski est une poutre de forme relativement complexe dont les centres de gravité des différentes sections ne sont pas alignés. Cette position des centres de gravité est en outre variable en fonction des différentes structures.A ski is a relatively complex shaped beam whose centers of gravity of the different sections are not aligned. This position of the centers of gravity is also variable depending on the different structures.
D'une manière générale, un ensemble soumis à une perturbation extérieure vibre autour d'une ou plusieurs fréquences propres qui sont caractéristiques de sa structure et qui résultent de ses répartitions de raideur et de masse. Le comportement et les sensations qui résultent de ces vibrations sont influencés par la somme des micro-déplacements qui sont générés, dans différentes directions. Comme il est bien connu, les déplacements sont minimaux aux noeuds de vibration et sont maximaux aux ventres de vibration. Ces vibrations sont amorties plus ou moins vite selon les caractéristiques d'amortissement de la structure.In general, an assembly subjected to an external disturbance vibrates around one or more natural frequencies which are characteristic of its structure and which result from its stiffness and mass distributions. The behavior and the feelings which result from these vibrations are influenced by the sum of the micro-displacements which are generated, in different directions. As is well known, the displacements are minimum at the nodes of vibration and are maximum at the bellies of vibration. These vibrations are damped more or less quickly depending on the damping characteristics of the structure.
Parmi les vibrations auxquelles un ski est soumis, les vibrations de flexion dans un plan perpendiculaire à la surface de la semelle du ski ont fait l'objet de nombreuses recherches. Ces vibrations appartiennent essentiellement au "premier mode" de vibrations, c'est à dire à l'harmonique N°1, et au "troisième mode", c'est à dire à l'harmonique N°3.Among the vibrations to which a ski is subjected, the flexural vibrations in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the sole of the ski have been the subject of numerous researches. These vibrations essentially belong to the "first mode" of vibrations, that is to say harmonic N ° 1, and to the "third mode", that is to say to harmonic N ° 3.
Sur les figures 1 à 3 jointes, la figure 1 représente schématiquement un ski en vue latérale, tandis que les figures 2 et 3 représentent respectivement les déformées de ce ski en amplitude maximale dans le premier et le troisième mode de vibrations.In Figures 1 to 3 attached, Figure 1 shows schematically a ski in side view, while FIGS. 2 and 3 respectively represent the deformations of this ski in maximum amplitude in the first and the third mode of vibrations.
A noter que le premier mode est prédominant pour un ski de slalom spécial, tandis que le troisième mode est prédominant pour un ski de slalom géant.Note that the first mode is predominant for a special slalom ski, while the third mode is predominant for a giant slalom ski.
Pour minimiser les effets néfastes de ce type de vibrations dans un ski, il a déjà été proposé, selon le document US-A-3.901.522, d'incorporer dans la structure du ski et sur toute sa longueur une bande de matériau visco-élastique. Il a été aussi proposé, selon le document US-A-3.537.717, de placer une telle bande sur la face supérieure du ski et dans toute la zone allant depuis l'emplacement de la fixation de la chaussure jusqu'à la naissance de la spatule. Il s'est toutefois avéré à l'usage que, dans un cas comme dans l'autre, la suppression globale des vibrations n'était pas favorable, car dans de tels cas les vibrations sont supprimées sans aucune sélection : le ski ne vibre certes plus, mais il a perdu ses caractéristiques essentielles de stabilité, d'accrochage, et de vivacité.To minimize the harmful effects of this type of vibration in a ski, it has already been proposed, according to document US-A-3,901,522, to incorporate into the structure of the ski and over its entire length a strip of viscous material. elastic. It has also been proposed, according to document US-A-3,537,717, to place such a strip on the upper face of the ski and in the entire area going from the location of the binding of the boot to the birth of the spatula. However, it turned out in practice that, in one case as in the other, the overall suppression of vibrations was not favorable, because in such cases the vibrations are suppressed without any selection: the ski certainly vibrates more, but it has lost its essential characteristics of stability, grip, and alertness.
Estimant donc que, si certaines vibrations sont néfastes, du moins lorsqu'elles dépassent une certaine amplitude, certaines autres vibrations sont au contraire bénéfiques lorsqu'elles ne dépassent pas un certain niveau, la Demanderesse a décrit, selon les documents US-A-4.405.149 et US-A-4.438.946, des skis comportant, intégrées dans leur structure, des bandes de matériau visco-élastique dont la position et la longueur sont déterminées en fonction des vibrations à amortir, et par suite en fonction des caractéristiques que le ski doit présenter, selon qu'il s'agit par exemple d'un ski de slalom spécial ou d'un ski de slalom géant.Considering therefore that, if certain vibrations are harmful, at least when they exceed a certain amplitude, certain other vibrations are on the contrary beneficial when they do not exceed a certain level, the Applicant has described, according to documents US-A-4,405 .149 and US-A-4,438,946, skis comprising, integrated into their structure, bands of visco-elastic material whose position and length are determined according to the vibrations to be damped, and consequently according to the characteristics that the ski must present, depending on whether it is for example a special slalom ski or a giant slalom ski.
D'autres solutions ont été envisagées pour résoudre le problème de l'amortissement des vibrations de flexion correspondant au premier et autre troisième mode, selon le document FR-A-2.575.393. Il s'agit alors de systèmes amortisseurs constitués par des couches de matériau visco-élastique qui sont contraintes par des plaques à haut module d'élasticité, ces dispositifs amortisseurs étant placés en surface sur le ski et en des emplacements judicieusement choisis, au niveau des zones de courbures maximales.Other solutions have been envisaged to solve the problem of damping the flexural vibrations corresponding to the first and other third modes, according to document FR-A-2,575,393. These are then damping systems constituted by layers of visco-elastic material which are constrained by plates with high elastic modulus, these shock absorbers being placed on the surface of the ski and in judiciously chosen locations, at the level of the zones of maximum curvature.
Ces différents dispositifs connus, qu'ils soient rapportés sur la structure de la planche ou qu'ils soient incorporés à cette structure, sont efficaces pour le mode de flexion simple dans une direction perpendiculaire à la surface de la semelle mais ne sont pas prévus pour répondre au mode vibratoire combiné flexion-torsion.These various known devices, whether they are attached to the structure of the board or whether they are incorporated into this structure, are effective for the simple flexion mode in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the sole but are not intended to respond to the combined flexion-torsion vibration mode.
Un objet de la présente invention est de résoudre, par un moyen simple et peu onéreux, le problème de l'amortissement de ce mode vibratoire combiné flexion-torsion. A ce propos, la figure 4 du dessin annexé représente schématiquement la moitié d'un ski, en vue de dessus. On a représenté en pointillés sur cette figure la déformée de ce ski dans le mode combiné précité flexion-torsion.An object of the present invention is to solve, by a simple and inexpensive means, the problem of the damping of this combined flexion-torsion vibration mode. In this regard, Figure 4 of the accompanying drawing schematically shows half of a ski, seen from above. The deformation of this ski in the above-mentioned combined bending-torsion mode is shown in dotted lines in this figure.
La planche de glisse selon l'invention utilise au moins un dispositif amortisseur comportant au moins une plaque en matériau visco-élastique travaillant au cisaillement et associée à au moins un élément de contrainte à haut module d'élasticité qui est soit collé sur cette plaque visco-élastique soit noyé dans cette dernière.The gliding board according to the invention uses at least one damping device comprising at least one plate of visco-elastic material working in shear and associated with at least one stress element with high elasticity modulus which is either glued to this visco plate - elastic be drowned in the latter.
Il peut par exemple s'agir d'un dispositif amortisseur dit "à plaque de contrainte", et constitué, de manière en soi connue (voir par exemple le document FR-A-2.575.393) d'une part d'une plaque en matériau visco-élastique dont par exemple le coefficient d'amortissement est d'au moins 0,5 dans une plage de fonctionnement s'étalant en température de -30 à +30°C et en fréquence de 0 à 300 Hz, et d'autre part d'une plaque de contrainte en matériau à haut module d'élasticité, par exemple en alliage d'aluminium. Pour chacun de ces dispositifs amortisseurs, la plaque en matériau visco-élastique est alors collée entre la surface supérieure de la planche de glisse et la plaque de contrainte. Pour fixer les idées, l'épaisseur de cette plaque en matériau visco-élastique se situe entre 0,5 et 1,2 mm tandis que son coefficient d'amortissement est compris entre 0,8 et 1,2, et l'épaisseur de la plaque de contrainte est comprise entre 0,5 et 1,2 mm.It may for example be a damping device known as a "stress plate", and constituted, in a manner known per se (see for example the document FR-A-2,575,393) on the one hand of a plate of visco-elastic material, for example the damping coefficient is at least 0.5 in an operating range ranging in temperature from -30 to + 30 ° C and in frequency from 0 to 300 Hz, and d on the other hand, a stress plate made of a material with a high modulus of elasticity, for example aluminum alloy. For each of these damping devices, the plate of visco-elastic material is then bonded between the upper surface of the gliding board and the stress plate. To fix the ideas, the thickness of this visco-elastic material plate is between 0.5 and 1.2 mm while its damping coefficient is between 0.8 and 1.2, and the thickness of the stress plate is between 0.5 and 1.2 mm.
Par exemple, chaque amortisseur comporte une plaque de contrainte en alliage d'Aluminium, d'une épaisseur de 0,6 mm, qui est collée sur une bande de matériau visco-élastique d'une épaisseur de 0,8 mm et de coefficient d'amortissement de l'ordre de 0,8, optimal pour une température de -10° et pour des fréquences de vibration comprises entre 10 et 100 Hertz.For example, each shock absorber comprises a stress plate made of aluminum alloy, with a thickness of 0.6 mm, which is bonded to a strip of visco-elastic material with a thickness of 0.8 mm and a coefficient d damping on the order of 0.8, optimal for a temperature of -10 ° and for vibration frequencies between 10 and 100 Hertz.
Ce dispositif amortisseur peut aussi être un dispositif composé d'une plaque en matériau visco-élastique dans laquelle sont noyés des fils d'acier, selon par exemple le document FR-A-2.437.225. Au lieu de fils d'acier, il peut d'ailleurs s'agir de fils de verre ou de carbone. Au lieu de fils, il peut s'agir, selon par exemple le document FR-A-2.237.653, d'une plaque de contrainte par exemple métallique qui est donc noyée dans une plaque visco-élastique, cette plaque de contrainte étant préférentiellement ajourée.This damping device can also be a device composed of a plate of visco-elastic material in which steel wires are embedded, according for example to document FR-A-2,437,225. Instead of steel wire, it can moreover be glass or carbon wire. Instead of wires, it may be, for example according to document FR-A-2,237,653, a stress plate, for example metallic, which is therefore embedded in a visco-elastic plate, this stress plate preferably being openwork.
Le ski peut donc comporter au moins un dispositif amortisseur visco-élastique d'un type précité, qui est placé dans la zone où le matériau visco-élastique est le plus sollicité en déformation de cisaillement. Il absorbe et dissipe ainsi une quantité d'énergie qui n'est pas restituée à la structure. On modifie alors l'effet de la vibration, en "étouffant" l'amplitude de déplacement de la structure.The ski can therefore comprise at least one visco-elastic damping device of the aforementioned type, which is placed in the area where the visco-elastic material is most stressed in shear deformation. It thus absorbs and dissipates an amount of energy which is not returned to the structure. The effect of the vibration is then modified, by "stifling" the amplitude of movement of the structure.
On peut voir sur les figures 2 et 4 que les zones de courbures maximales pour un ski de slalom spécial sont positionnées, pour une structure donnée, dans la zone référencée "A" pour le mode de flexion simple et dans la zone "D" pour le mode de flexion combiné flexion-torsion.It can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 4 that the zones of maximum curvature for a special slalom ski are positioned, for a given structure, in the zone referenced "A" for the simple bending mode and in the zone "D" for the combined flexion-torsion flexion mode.
Sur ce ski, les emplacements optimaux pour positionner un ou des amortisseurs sont donc légèrement décalés. De plus, les plans de sollicitation étant orthogonaux, il parait souhaitable de positionner les dispositifs d'amortissement dans des plans différents.On this ski, the optimal locations for positioning one or more shock absorbers are therefore slightly offset. In addition, the stress planes being orthogonal, it seems desirable to position the damping devices in different planes.
Un raisonnement similaire peut être effectué pour un ski de slalom géant. En comparant les figures 3 et 4, on constate de même un décalage entre les zones de courbures maximales B,C, et D.A similar reasoning can be made for a giant slalom ski. By comparing Figures 3 and 4, we can see even a shift between the zones of maximum curvature B, C, and D.
Cependant, pour que l'amortissement soit suffisant, il est nécessaire d'une part que la surface du dispositif amortisseur soit suffisante, et d'autre part qu'il soit constitué d'une seule partie pour minimiser au maximum le manque d'efficacité des bords. La disposition de plusieurs amortisseurs quasi-plans en divers endroits de la structure ne répond pas à ces exigences de manière assez satisfaisante.However, for the damping to be sufficient, it is necessary on the one hand that the surface of the damping device is sufficient, and on the other hand that it consists of a single part to minimize the lack of efficiency as much as possible. edges. The arrangement of several quasi-planar shock absorbers at various points in the structure does not meet these requirements satisfactorily enough.
Un but de l'invention est donc de prévoir, pour une zone déterminée, un dispositif amortisseur unique et efficace dans les différents plans d'orientation de la structure du ski.An object of the invention is therefore to provide, for a determined area, a unique and effective damping device in the different orientation planes of the ski structure.
L'invention vise à améliorer l'amortissement des différents modes de vibrations se développant 'dans la structure d'une planche de glisse, mais dans des plans ou surfaces orientés différemment. Le dispositif amortisseur utilisé est positionné localement de telle façon que ses zones actives correspondent aux zones de courbures maximales respectives aux différents modes de vibration.The invention aims to improve the damping of the different modes of vibration developing in the structure of a gliding board, but in planes or surfaces oriented differently. The damping device used is positioned locally so that its active zones correspond to the zones of maximum curvature respective to the different modes of vibration.
Cette planche de glisse est du type comportant au moins un élément amortisseur de vibrations qui est soit rapporté sur la structure de la planche soit incorporé à cette structure, et qui comporte d'une part au moins une plaque en matériau viscoélastique travaillant au cisaillement et d'autre part au moins un élément de contrainte dont le module d'élasticité est très élevé par rapport à celui de ce matériau visco-élastique, cet élément de contrainte étant soit collé sur la plaque de matériau viscoélastique soit noyé dans cette dernière, et ce dispositif amortisseur étant positionné localement sur ou dans la planche de glisse en des zones déterminées de celle-ci.This gliding board is of the type comprising at least one vibration damping element which is either attached to the structure of the board or incorporated into this structure, and which comprises on the one hand at least one plate of viscoelastic material working in shear and d on the other hand at least one constraint element whose modulus of elasticity is very high compared to that of this visco-elastic material, this constraint element either being glued to the plate of viscoelastic material or embedded in it, and this damping device being positioned locally on or in the gliding board in determined zones thereof.
Selon l'invention, et en particulier afin d'amortir simultanément, et de manière améliorée, des modes de vibrations différents qui se développent dans des zones voisines de la planche de glisse et dans des plans ou surfaces orientés différement, il est prévu dans ces zones au moins un dispositif amortisseur du type précité, mais conformé de sorte que sa surface de contact avec la structure de la planche de glisse, au lieu d'être classiquement plane ou peut-être plus ou moins courbe, épouse partiellement ces zones en suivant en conséquence, au moins en certains endroits, des plans différents de la planche de glisse, ce dispositif amortisseur ayant par suite une forme en trois dimensions combinant plusieurs plans, orientés différemment mais dont au moins l'un d'entre eux est sensiblement parallèle au plan supérieur de la planche, le dispositif amortisseur étant par exemple à section en L ou en forme de cavalier en U.According to the invention, and in particular in order to damp simultaneously, and in an improved manner, different modes of vibration which develop in neighboring areas of the gliding board and in differently oriented planes or surfaces, it is provided in these zones at least one damping device of the aforementioned type, but shaped so that its contact surface with the structure of the gliding board, instead of being conventionally planar or perhaps more or less curved, partially conforms to these zones, consequently following, at least in certain places, different planes of the board of slides, this damping device consequently having a three-dimensional shape combining several planes, oriented differently but at least one of which is substantially parallel to the upper plane of the board, the damping device being for example in L-section or in the shape of a U-shaped jumper.
De toute façon, l'invention sera bien comprise, et ses avantages et autres caractéristiques ressortiront, lors de la description suivante d'un exemple non-limitatif de réalisation, en référence au dessin schématique annexé dans lequel :
- . Figure 5 est une vue en perspective sommaire d'une portion d'un ski de piste équipé d'un dispositif amortisseur selon l'invention, du type à " plaque de contrainte ".
- . Figure 6 est une coupe transversale simplifiée, selon la direction VI-VI de Figure 5, d'une variante de réalisation pour laquelle l'amortisseur est totalement encastré dans la structure de ce ski.
- . Figure 7 est une vue semblable à Figure 6, mais montrant une autre variante de réalisation.
- . Figure 8 est une vue semblable à Figure 5, mais illustrant encore une autre variante de réalisation.
- . Figures 9 à 11 montrent d'autres formes possibles, parmi bien d'autres, pour la plaque de contrainte.
- . Figure 12 est une vue semblable à Figure 6, mais illustrant une forme de réalisation pour laquelle le dispositif amortisseur est d'un autre type et est noyé dans la structure du ski.
- . Figure 13 est une vue semblable à Figure 12, mais illustrant une variante de réalisation pour laquelle ce dispositif amortisseur est placé juste sous la couche de décor du ski.
- . Figure 14 est une coupe longitudinale partielle selon XIV-XIV de Figure 13 ; et
- . Figure 15 est une vue latérale partielle de ce dernier ski, selon la direction XV de Figure 13.
- . Figure 5 is a summary perspective view of a portion of a piste ski equipped with a damping device according to the invention, of the "stress plate" type.
- . Figure 6 is a simplified cross section, in the direction VI-VI of Figure 5, of an alternative embodiment for which the damper is completely embedded in the structure of this ski.
- . Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6, but showing another alternative embodiment.
- . Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 5, but illustrating yet another alternative embodiment.
- . Figures 9 to 11 show other possible shapes, among many others, for the stress plate.
- . Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 6, but illustrating an embodiment for which the damping device is of another type and is embedded in the structure of the ski.
- . Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 12, but illustrating an alternative embodiment for which this damping device is placed just under the decorative layer of the ski.
- . Figure 14 is a partial longitudinal section along XIV-XIV of Figure 13; and
- . FIG. 15 is a partial side view of this latter ski, in the direction XV of FIG. 13.
En se reportant à la figure 5, on a représenté une portion d'un ski de neige 1, plus précisément un ski de piste, sur la surface duquel est rapporté un dispositif amortisseur de vibrations 2.Referring to FIG. 5, there is shown a portion of a
Ce dispositif amortisseur 2 est bien-entendu, selon l'enseignement de l'art antérieur, positionné localement sur le ski 1 de façon que ses zones actives correspondent aux courbures maximales relatives aux modes de vibration considérés. Il est cependant très particulier. Il s'agit bien sûr et conformément à l'enseignement de l'art antérieur, d'un amortisseur travaillant au cisaillement et comportant une plaque en matériau visco-élastique 3, qui est collée sur la surface du ski 1, et une plaque conjuguée 4 en matériau à haut module d'élasticité (par exemple en alliage d'aluminium). Cependant, la partie basse 5 de ce dispositif amortisseur 2 à plaque de contrainte n'adopte pas une forme plane continue comme c'est le cas dans cet exemple pour sa partie haute 6: comme on le voit nettement sur les figures 5 et 6, ce dispositif 2 a, dans cette zone basse 5, une section en U renversé à branches courtes et évasées, c'est-à-dire en fait une section qui, conformément à l'invention, est à trois dimensions combinant plusieurs plans orientés différemment, avec au moins un de ces plans (comme c'est le cas ici pour la base du "U") qui est sensiblement parallèle au plan de la surface supérieure 7 du ski.This damping
Cette partie basse 5 de l'amortisseur permet alors l'amortissement de vibrations qui se développent dans trois plans ou orientations différentes, dont le plan 7 du ski et les plans 8,9 des chants de ce ski.This
De plus, du fait du décalage des zones de courbures maximales de chacun des modes vibratoires, on constate, dans cet exemple de réalisation, une différence de positionnement des zones actives constituant l'ensem ble amortisseur à plaque de contrainte pour répondre aux différences de positionnement des zones de courbures maximales des modes de flexion simple et de flexion combinée à la torsion.In addition, due to the offset of the zones of maximum curvature of each of the vibratory modes, there is, in this exemplary embodiment, a difference in positioning of the active zones constituting the shock absorber assembly with a stress plate to respond to the differences in positioning zones of maximum curvature of the modes of simple bending and of bending combined with torsion.
Le couplage qui est réalisé par les jonctions 10 et 11 des faces multiples de la plaque de contrainte 4 procure un effet inattendu et bien plus efficace que celui qui serait procuré par plusieurs amortisseurs à plaque de contrainte pratiquement plane selon l'art antérieur, et qui seraient placés, dans ces mêmes zônes proches de la coupe VI-VI, sur ces mêmes faces adjacentes de la structure du ski.The coupling which is carried out by the
Selon le cas, le dispositif amortisseur peut être soit, comme c'est le cas pour la figure 5, simplement rapporté sur la surface du ski, soit, comme illustré en figure 6, placé dans un évidement prévu à cet effet et dans au moins deux plans différents dans la structure 12 du ski, de manière à affleurer le reste de la surface de ce ski, soit, selon une solution hybride, avoir ses parties latérales 13 (figure 8) encastrées respectivement dans les chants 8,9 du ski de manière à affleurer ceux-ci, et sa partie supérieure 14 (c'est-à-dire celle qui recouvre une portion de la face supérieure 7 du ski) simplement rapportée sans encastrement sur cette face 7.Depending on the case, the damping device can either be, as is the case for FIG. 5, simply attached to the surface of the ski, or, as illustrated in FIG. 6, placed in a recess provided for this purpose and in at least two different planes in the
A noter que la figure 8 illustre aussi une autre forme avantageuse pour l'amortisseur 2.Note that FIG. 8 also illustrates another advantageous form for the
Comme il va de soi, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples qui viennent d'être décrit en référence aux figures 5, 6, et 8.It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described with reference to FIGS. 5, 6 and 8.
On a déjà vu, selon Figures 6 et 8, que le ou les amortisseurs pourraient être totalement ou partiellement encastrés dans des évidements prévus à cet effet dans la structure du ski, au lieu d'être directement rapportés sur ce dernier.We have already seen, according to Figures 6 and 8, that the shock absorber (s) could be totally or partially embedded in recesses provided for this purpose in the structure of the ski, instead of being directly attached to the latter.
La section de la plaque de contrainte, et donc du dispositif amortisseur, pourrait être en forme de L, comme illustré en Figure 7, et non pas en forme de U. Elle pourrait, comme représenté sur cette même Figure 7, être placée de façon dissymétrique par rapport à l'axe longitudinal médian de la planche. Elle pourrait aussi être à jonctions plus ou moins arrondies, en fonction de la forme de la structure de la pIanche en cet endroit.The section of the stress plate, and therefore of the damping device, could be L-shaped, as illustrated in Figure 7, and not U-shaped. It could, as shown in this same Figure 7, be placed so asymmetrical with respect to the median longitudinal axis of the board. It could also be with more or less rounded junctions, depending on the shape of the structure of the plank in this place.
Selon Figures 9 à 11, où les plaques de contrainte 4 sont dessinées à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs, ce dispositif amortisseur peut adopter d'ailleurs des formes très diverses modulant les surfaces d'amortissement en fonction de l'intensité et du positionnement des zones de courbure de la structure de la planche. Cette forme de dispositif amortisseur est adaptée aux modes particuliers à amortir.According to Figures 9 to 11, where the
De tels amortisseurs peuvent être multiples, l'emplacement de ces amortisseurs dépendant fortement, d'une façon générale, de la structure propre de la planche de glisse.Such shock absorbers can be multiple, the location of these shock absorbers strongly depending, in general, on the structure of the gliding board.
L'élément visco-élastique 3 lui-même pourrait ne pas épouser continûment la forme complexe de la plaque de contrainte, mais être composé de plusieurs plaques adjacentes.The viscoelastic element 3 itself may not continuously conform to the complex shape of the constraint plate, but may be composed of several adjacent plates.
Un même élément amortisseur visco-élastique 3 peut être composé de plusieurs plaques, soit superposées soit juxtaposées, de caractéristiques différentes les unes par rapport aux autres, et ceci dans un même plan d'orientation ou non.
Les matériaux visco-élastiques pourront aussi différer de même manière selon leur plan d'orientation.The same visco-elastic damping element 3 can be composed of several plates, either superimposed or juxtaposed, of different characteristics with respect to each other, and this in the same orientation plane or not.
The visco-elastic materials may also differ in the same way according to their orientation plane.
L'épaisseur du matériau visco-élastique peut varier tout au long d'une même plaque visco-élastique : elle peut par exemple augmenter progressivement d'un bout à l'autre de cette plaque et être par exemple de l'ordre de 0,5 mm à une extrémité et de l'ordre de 2 mm à l'autre extrémité.The thickness of the visco-elastic material can vary throughout the same visco-elastic plate: it can for example gradually increase from one end to the other of this plate and be for example of the order of 0, 5 mm at one end and around 2 mm at the other end.
La figure 12 illustre une forme de réalisation selon laquelle d'une part le dispositif amortisseur 2 utilisé est d'un autre type, dans cet exemple du type selon le document FR-A-2.437.225 comportant des fils de contrainte 15 en matériau à haut module d'élasticité (en acier par exemple) qui sont noyés comme représenté dans une plaque 16 en matériau viscoélastique, et d'autre part ce dispositif amortisseur 2 est noyé dans la structure 12 du ski 1 comme représenté.FIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment according to which on the one hand the damping
Ce dispositif amortisseur 2 a une section en U. Il pourrait aussi adopter une section en U renversé selon Figure 6, ou encore une section en L couché selon Figure 7 par exemple.This damping
En variante, ces fils de contrainte 15 pourraient être répartis de façon asymétrique dans la plaque visco-élastique 16 au lieu d'être symétriquement et régulièrement répartis comme en Figure 12.As a variant, these
Bien entendu, les fils de contrainte 15 pourraient être remplacés par une plaque de contrainte 15, selon le document FR-A-2.237.653 précité.Of course, the
Enfin, les Figures 13 à 15 illustrent une dernière forme de réalisation pour laquelle le dispositif amortisseur 2 est placé sur la structure technique 17 du ski 1, mais sous la couche de décor 18 de ce ski.Finally, FIGS. 13 to 15 illustrate a last embodiment for which the damping
Comme le montre en particulier la Figure 14, l'amortisseur 2 forme alors un surplomb visible 19 sur le ski, ce qui est avantageux en raison de son éloignement de la fibre neutre.As shown in particular in Figure 14, the
En outre, la couche visco-élastique 16 se voit sur le chant du ski, au-dessus de la carre 20, comme le montre la figure 15, ce qui est intéressant du point de vue commercial, l'utilisateur appréciant de visualiser les amortisseurs qu'on lui vante.In addition, the visco-
A noter qu'en variante, le dispositif amortisseur pourrait aussi, tout en étant placé juste sous la couche de décor 18 comme en Figure 13, être encastré dans la structure 17 du ski comme en Figure 6.Note that as a variant, the damping device could also, while being placed just under the
Claims (14)
- Board for sliding over snow, of the ski, surf or like type, this board (1) comprising at least one vibration damping device (2) which is either added on its structure or incorporated in this structure, anti which comprises, on the one hand, at least one plate (3, 16) of visco-elastic material working in shear and, on the other hand, at least one stress element (4, 15) with high modulus of elasticity, this stress element being either stuck on the visco-elastic plate or embedded therein, and this damping device (2) being positioned locally on the board (1) on a surface and in a determined zone thereof, characterized in that, in order in particular to dampen simultaneously different modes of vibrations which are developed in adjacent zones of the board (1) but in differently oriented planes, there is provided in these zones (6, 7) at least one damping device (2) of this type, but shaped so that its contact surface with the sliding board structure, instead of being conventionally plane or perhaps more or less curved, partially follows the shape of these zones, consequently following, at least in certain places, different planes (7, 8, 9) of the board, this damping device (2) consequently having an enveloping shape in three dimensions combining several planes, oriented differently but of which at least one of them is substantially parallel to the upper plane (7) of the board, the damping device (2) being for example of L-shaped section or in the form of a U-shaped staple.
- Sliding board according to Claim 1, characterized in that the visco-elastic material (3, 16) of this damping device (2) is a continuous plate which follows the same complex shape mentioned above as its stress element (4, 15).
- Sliding board according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that this damping element (2) comprises a plurality of continuous parts, of which at least one (5) has the complex shape mentioned above and at least one (6) has a conventional, substantially plane shape.
- Sliding board according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of these dampers comprises a plurality of plates of visco-elastic materials of different characteristics, these plates being superposed.
- Sliding board according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one of these dampers comprises a plurality of juxtaposed visco-elastic plates of different characteristics.
- Sliding board according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of these dampers comprises plates of visco-elastic materials of different characteristics depending on their plane of orientation.
- Sliding board according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that this damping device (2) is embedded in a recess provided to that end in at least two different planes of the structure of the board.
- Sliding board according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that this damping device (2) is placed dissymmetrically with respect to the median longitudinal axis of the board.
- Sliding board according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the damping device (2) is placed just beneath the decorative layer (18) of the board (1).
- Sliding board according to Claim 9, characterized in that this damper (2), being placed on the technical structure (17) of the board (1) but beneath this decorative layer (18), is the cause of a visible overhang (19) on this board (1).
- Sliding board according to one of Claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the visco-elastic layer (16) of this damper (2) is left visible on each edge of the ski.
- Sliding board according to one of Claims 1, 3 to 11, characterized in that said stress element is constituted by wires (15) with high modulus of elasticity, such as steel wires.
- Sliding board according to Claim 12, characterized in that the stress wires (15) are distributed symmetrically in the visco-elastic plate (16).
- Sliding board according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the thickness of said visco-elastic plate (3, 16) is variable along said plate.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9114760 | 1991-11-25 | ||
| FR9114760A FR2684011B1 (en) | 1991-11-25 | 1991-11-25 | SLIDING BOARD PROVIDED WITH A VIBRATION DAMPING DEVICE. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0549481A1 EP0549481A1 (en) | 1993-06-30 |
| EP0549481B1 true EP0549481B1 (en) | 1995-03-15 |
Family
ID=9419473
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92420408A Expired - Lifetime EP0549481B1 (en) | 1991-11-25 | 1992-11-10 | Sliding board with vibration damping device |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5333889A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0549481B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2601035Y2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE119796T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69201722T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2684011B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2698012B1 (en) * | 1992-11-19 | 1994-12-16 | Rossignol Sa | Ski structure. |
| FR2702387B1 (en) * | 1993-03-11 | 1995-04-28 | Rossignol Sa | Plate for mounting on an alpine ski, a binding for a shoe. |
| FR2703596B1 (en) * | 1993-04-08 | 1995-07-07 | Salomon Sa | SNOWBOARD, ESPECIALLY SKIING FOR ALPINE SKIING. |
| FR2706741B1 (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1995-10-20 | Rossignol Sa | |
| FR2709673B1 (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-10-06 | Rossignol Sa | Process for the manufacture of a shaped ski. |
| FR2711540B1 (en) * | 1993-10-28 | 1995-11-24 | Rossignol Sa | Ski. |
| FR2729086B1 (en) * | 1995-01-11 | 1997-03-21 | Rossignol Sa | SNOW SURF EQUIPPED WITH A VIBRATION DAMPING DEVICE |
| FR2734492B1 (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1997-06-27 | Rossignol Sa | SNOW BOARD FEATURING A DEVICE FOR MOUNTING A BINDING OF A SHOE |
| FR2734489B1 (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1997-07-04 | Rossignol Sa | "HALF-SHELL" SNOWBOARD ON SNOW, PROVIDED WITH HULL SUPPORT EDGES |
| FR2737129B1 (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 1997-09-05 | Rossignol Sa | SLIDING BOARD COMPRISING A PLATFORM FOR RECEIVING AND RAISING SHOE MOUNTS |
| US6095547A (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 2000-08-01 | K-2 Corporation | Active piezoelectric damper for a snow ski or snowboard |
| US5775715A (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1998-07-07 | K-2 Corporation | Piezoelectric damper for a board such as a snow ski or snowboard |
| AT405139B (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 1999-05-25 | Atomic Austria Gmbh | SLIDER |
| FR2739300B1 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-11-21 | Rossignol Sa | CROSS-COUNTRY SKIING, PARTICULARLY FOR THE PRACTICE OF SKATING |
| FR2742344B1 (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1998-01-16 | Rossignol Sa | GLIDING BOARD EQUIPPED WITH A DEVICE INTENDED TO MODIFY THE STIFFNESS OF THE BOARD UNDER THE EFFECT OF A VERTICAL THRUST GIVEN BY THE USER |
| US6267402B1 (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2001-07-31 | Nitinol Technologies, Inc. | Nitinol ski structures |
| FR2820983B1 (en) | 2001-02-20 | 2004-04-16 | Rossignol Sa | SLIDING BOARD |
| FR2820982B1 (en) | 2001-02-20 | 2003-03-28 | Rossignol Sa | SLIDING BOARD |
| FR2820984B1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2003-06-06 | Rossignol Sa | PLATFORM FOR INCREASING THE ATTACHMENT OF A SLIDING BOARD, AND SLIDING BOARD EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A PLATFORM |
| FR2834906B1 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2004-04-02 | Rossignol Sa | IMPROVEMENT FOR SNOW SNOWBOARD |
| DE10254471A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2004-06-03 | Madsus A/S | Ski with binding assembly aid, process for producing such a ski and corresponding assembly aid |
| FR2854333B1 (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2005-07-22 | Rossignol Sa | IMPROVEMENT FOR SNOWBOARD BOARD ON SNOW |
| CN101111293B (en) * | 2005-01-10 | 2011-04-27 | 罗特费尔拉公司 | Skis including fixer and installation aids or similar ski device |
| AT504800B1 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2010-05-15 | Atomic Austria Gmbh | SCHI OR SNOWBOARD WITH A PLATE-TYPE POWER TRANSMISSION ELEMENT |
| FR2912065B1 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2009-03-06 | Skis Rossignol Soc Par Actions | SNOWBOARD BOARD ON SNOW |
| KR101601850B1 (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-03-09 | 동아대학교 산학협력단 | Dual ball valve assembly |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3537717A (en) * | 1968-11-29 | 1970-11-03 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Damped ski and method of making |
| DE2033845A1 (en) * | 1970-07-01 | 1972-01-20 | ||
| US3901522A (en) * | 1973-07-18 | 1975-08-26 | Olin Corp | Vibration damped ski |
| CA995265A (en) * | 1973-07-18 | 1976-08-17 | Olin Corporation | Vibration damped ski |
| FR2437225A1 (en) * | 1978-09-28 | 1980-04-25 | Bekaert Sa Nv | ADVANCED SKIING |
| FR2503570A2 (en) * | 1980-02-21 | 1982-10-15 | Rossignol Sa | SKI |
| FR2503569A1 (en) * | 1981-04-09 | 1982-10-15 | Rossignol Sa | SKI |
| FR2575393A1 (en) * | 1984-12-27 | 1986-07-04 | Rossignol Sa | SNOW SKI |
| FR2615404B1 (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1989-09-01 | Salomon Sa | DISTRIBUTED DAMPING SKI |
| FR2616340B1 (en) * | 1987-06-12 | 1990-04-13 | Salomon Sa | SNOW SKIING |
| DE3840553A1 (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1990-06-07 | Blizzard Gmbh | SKIING WITH A DAMPING ELEMENT |
| EP0454655B1 (en) * | 1990-04-05 | 1994-12-21 | Head Sport Aktiengesellschaft | Ski |
| FR2664823A1 (en) * | 1990-07-19 | 1992-01-24 | Rossignol Sa | Alpine ski |
| FR2665081B1 (en) * | 1990-07-30 | 1992-11-06 | Rossignol Sa | SNOW SURF WITH ASYMMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS. |
-
1991
- 1991-11-25 FR FR9114760A patent/FR2684011B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-11-05 US US07/971,588 patent/US5333889A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-10 EP EP92420408A patent/EP0549481B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-10 DE DE69201722T patent/DE69201722T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-10 AT AT92420408T patent/ATE119796T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-25 JP JP1992081223U patent/JP2601035Y2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5333889A (en) | 1994-08-02 |
| ATE119796T1 (en) | 1995-04-15 |
| JPH063377U (en) | 1994-01-18 |
| JP2601035Y2 (en) | 1999-11-02 |
| FR2684011A1 (en) | 1993-05-28 |
| DE69201722T2 (en) | 1995-10-19 |
| FR2684011B1 (en) | 1994-01-07 |
| EP0549481A1 (en) | 1993-06-30 |
| DE69201722D1 (en) | 1995-04-20 |
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