EP0547574B1 - Ligne haute fréquence rayonnante - Google Patents

Ligne haute fréquence rayonnante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0547574B1
EP0547574B1 EP92121385A EP92121385A EP0547574B1 EP 0547574 B1 EP0547574 B1 EP 0547574B1 EP 92121385 A EP92121385 A EP 92121385A EP 92121385 A EP92121385 A EP 92121385A EP 0547574 B1 EP0547574 B1 EP 0547574B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aperture
longitudinal axis
distance
angle
cable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92121385A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0547574A1 (fr
Inventor
André Levisse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexans France SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel Cable SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Cable SA filed Critical Alcatel Cable SA
Publication of EP0547574A1 publication Critical patent/EP0547574A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0547574B1 publication Critical patent/EP0547574B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/203—Leaky coaxial lines

Definitions

  • a high-frequency radiating line is a line made up of a cable or a waveguide capable of radiating outward part of the electromagnetic energy that it transmits. We will focus more particularly here on radiating cables.
  • the radiating cables are intended to be used as elements for transmitting high frequency signals between a transmitter and a receiver under conditions where these signals transmitted from a point source are rapidly attenuated.
  • They generally consist of a coaxial cable comprising a conductive core surrounded by an intermediate insulating envelope for example of a dielectric material, an external conductor provided with regularly spaced openings or slots for the passage of electromagnetic radiation, and an insulating outer protective sheath. Thanks to the openings made in the external conductor, part of the power circulating in the cable and emitted by a transmitting source is coupled to the outside. The cable then functions as an antenna and the power coupled to the outside is called radiated power.
  • One of the performances required of a radiating cable is to provide at least a minimum radiated power at a given distance from its longitudinal axis, specified by the user.
  • the slits When the slits are repeated periodically, according to a suitable period, they are in phase, which makes it possible to obtain good stability of the radiated power at a long distance from the cable, and this over a frequency band called the main radiated mode band, limited by two frequencies called f start and f end .
  • This stability enables the requirements of minimum power required to use the cable. Indeed, when stability is not guaranteed, the significant variations in the radiated power as a function of the reception point along the cable are such that it is difficult to ensure a minimum power value at a given distance from the cable. ; these variations also require the use of receivers having a strong dynamic, and therefore expensive.
  • patent GB-1 481 485 proposes a radiating cable in which the openings are arranged in patterns repeated periodically along the cable.
  • This cable is shown in elevation in FIG. 1, with its protective outer sheath removed to allow the arrangement of the slots in the pattern to be seen.
  • the outer conductor 2 of the radiating cable 1 has slots arranged in patterns M.
  • Each pattern M has two main slots F and F 'and four auxiliary slots Fa, Fb, F'a and F'b, i.e. auxiliary slot on either side of each main slot.
  • the repetition of the M pattern makes it possible to eliminate the first three secondary modes.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to produce a radiating cable capable of operating over wide frequency bands, while guaranteeing the performance required in terms of minimum radiated power at a given distance from the cable.
  • Another object of the present invention is to decrease, with an identical main mode band, the number of slots required by pattern relative to the radiating cables of the prior art.
  • the line according to the invention can be used on a frequency band of desired width with the periodic repetition of a pattern having an optimal number of slots.
  • the range of use of conventional lines is thus increased to a greater extent than in the prior art with performance in terms of minimum required power guaranteed in the range of use.
  • the openings can be for example elliptical or rectangular.
  • the first opening of a pattern has a length preferably making with the longitudinal axis an angle of absolute value between 5 and 90 °; this length is called L.
  • the angle made by an opening with the longitudinal axis is called the angle, counted from the longitudinal axis, made by the projection, in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis, of this opening in a plane containing the longitudinal axis and orthogonal to the direction of projection.
  • the tubular conductor is cylindrical and contains a central conductor surrounded by a protective envelope made of a dielectric material in contact with both the central conductor and with the tubular conductor, and an outer sheath of protection, so as to give the line the structure of a radiating cable.
  • the tubular conductor is empty, so as to give the line the structure of a radiating waveguide.
  • the object of the invention is to determine the number N f and the arrangement of the slits in a pattern when the strip of the main mode is of the type [f r , (N + 1) f r ], where N is a strictly greater integer to 1 (if N is equal to 1, the problem is classic and is solved by means of a single slit pattern).
  • N is a strictly greater integer to 1 (if N is equal to 1, the problem is classic and is solved by means of a single slit pattern).
  • the lengths and inclinations of the different slots of the pattern they are chosen according to the length and the inclination of the first slot by means of models well known to those skilled in the art and to which we will return a little more in detail below.
  • the length, position and inclination of the other slots of the pattern are determined by means of the preceding relationships.
  • the following is understood by the inclination of a slit the angle, counted from the longitudinal axis, made by the projection, in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis, of this opening in a plane containing the longitudinal axis and orthogonal to the direction of projection.
  • the inclination of the first slot will preferably be chosen in the range mentioned above because it is well known that the contribution to the radiation of a slot parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cable is equal to zero. Therefore, it is preferable to choose a tilt relatively distant from 0 °. On the other hand, it is also known to those skilled in the art that the contribution of a slit to the radiation emitted increases with its length. Thus, to have a wide choice of slot lengths without being limited by an impossibility of technological implementation imposed by the outside diameter of the cable, which is also fixed, it is preferable that the inclination of the slots does not exceed a predetermined value, depending on the cable outside diameter. In the present case, for a cable with an outside diameter equal to 25 mm and slots of 150 mm in length, the upper limit of the preferential inclination range is 30 °, the inclination preferably being chosen between 15 and 25 °.
  • a conventionally used model makes it possible to deduce from the value of the polarizability of the k-th slot the inclination and length of the latter as a function of those of the first slot: according to this model, the sign of the polarizability of the k-th slot gives its inclination as a function of that of the first slit, and the ratio between a k and a o makes it possible to determine the length of the k-th slit as a function of the length of the first slit.
  • the k-th slot will have a length greater than that of the reference slot.
  • the k-th slot will have a length less than that of the reference slot.
  • the position of the k-th slot relative to the reference slot is obtained by choosing an integer p k according to the conditions indicated above. Many choices are possible since the set of integers p k contains N + 1 elements, while there are only N-1 positions to be determined once that of the first slot taken as reference. All the possible choices are suitable for achieving the desired goal. However, some of these choices provide maximum radiated power from the main mode. To find them, we look for combinations of integers p k which maximize the modulus of the function: 1 + A 1 e j ⁇ 1 + A 2 e j ⁇ 2 + ... + A N-1 e j ⁇ N-1 1 + AT 1 + AT 2 + ... + AT N-1 .
  • the slot F1 has a length and an inclination identical to that of F0.
  • the slot F2 has a length of 115 mm and is inclined by -18 ° relative to the X axis.
  • the M2 pattern shown in FIG. 4 is obtained, with a slot F'0 of 100 mm in length and inclined at an angle of 18 ° relative to the axis X.
  • the slot F'1 has an identical length and inclination to those of F'0.
  • the slits F'2 and F'3 have a length equal to that of F'0 and are inclined by -18 ° relative to the axis X.
  • patent GB-1 481 485 proposes using a pattern of six slots to allow the operation of the radiating cable on the frequency band [200 MHz, 1000 MHz], the patterns of a cable according to the invention allowing the operating on the same frequency band only have four slots. This makes it possible to reduce the coupling and the losses by linear weakening, and to ensure a better mechanical resistance of the cable, while guaranteeing the minimum power required.
  • the four slots of the pattern M2 can be identical, which simplifies the production of the corresponding cable 20.
  • the pattern M3 shown in FIG. 5 is obtained, with a slot F "0 of 90 mm in length and inclined at an angle of 18 ° relative to the axis X.
  • the slot F" 1 has a length of 77.6 mm and an inclination identical to that of F "0.
  • the slits F" 2 and F “3 both have a length of 70.8 mm and are inclined by -18 ° relative to the axis X.
  • the slit F" 4 has a length identical to that of F "1 and has the same inclination as F" 0.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to produce radiating cables whose band of the main radiated mode is greater than that of cables of the prior art, by virtue of the periodic repetition of patterns comprising an optimal number of slots.
  • FIG. 6 shows the coupling C in dB as a function of the distance x between the end of the cable closest to the transmitting source and the reception point considered along the cable, where the measurement is carried out. It will be recalled that the coupling at a given reception point is proportional to the logarithm of the ratio between the power radiated by this reception point and the power emitted by the source, which is a constant. Thus, if the coupling is practically uniform, the radiated power is also.
  • the curve 60 represented in FIG. 6 corresponds to an operating frequency of 700 MHz of the cable according to the preceding example 1, illustrated in FIG. 3. It is noted that the coupling is almost uniform whatever the reception point along the cable.
  • the curve 70 represented in FIG. 7 corresponds to an operating frequency of 900 MHz of the cable according to the preceding example 2, illustrated in FIG. 4. It is also noted here that the coupling is almost uniform whatever the reception point along the cable.
  • the cable with four slits according to the invention makes it possible to obtain such a result up to at least 900 MHz, and in practice up to 1000 MHz, while to obtain such a limit upper band of the main radiated mode with acceptable coupling, patterns of six slots are necessary according to the prior art.
  • the curve 80 represented in FIG. 8 corresponds to an operating frequency of 1100 MHz for a cable with six slots according to the invention.
  • the curve 100 shown in FIG. 10 is given for information. It corresponds to an operating frequency of 1100 MHz for a cable with repetition of single slots. It can be seen that the coupling varies periodically as a function of the distance.
  • model used for the choice of the lengths and inclinations of the different slits of a pattern is given as an indication, and any other model commonly used by those skilled in the art can be chosen.
  • the invention also applies to radiating waveguides consisting of a conductor tubular of any section possibly surrounded by an external protective sheath.
  • the openings in the outer conductor can be rectangular or elliptical. They are preferably of different length from the width, which gives them increased efficiency.
  • the angle between the slits and the longitudinal axis in each pattern can be arbitrary as long as the contribution of each slit to the radiation is not zero, and the total radiated power obtained is compatible with the specifications given by l 'user.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguides (AREA)
EP92121385A 1991-12-19 1992-12-16 Ligne haute fréquence rayonnante Expired - Lifetime EP0547574B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9115803 1991-12-19
FR9115803A FR2685549B1 (fr) 1991-12-19 1991-12-19 Ligne haute frequence rayonnante.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0547574A1 EP0547574A1 (fr) 1993-06-23
EP0547574B1 true EP0547574B1 (fr) 1996-10-09

Family

ID=9420237

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92121385A Expired - Lifetime EP0547574B1 (fr) 1991-12-19 1992-12-16 Ligne haute fréquence rayonnante

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5291164A (fi)
EP (1) EP0547574B1 (fi)
JP (1) JP2561786B2 (fi)
AU (1) AU658028B2 (fi)
BR (1) BR9205051A (fi)
DE (1) DE69214408T2 (fi)
FI (1) FI925725A (fi)
FR (1) FR2685549B1 (fi)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1010528A5 (fr) * 1995-04-07 1998-10-06 Inst Scient De Service Public Ligne haute frequence rayonnante.
US5717411A (en) * 1995-04-19 1998-02-10 Andrew Corporation Radiating waveguide and radio communication system using same
US5809429A (en) * 1995-09-22 1998-09-15 Andrew Corporation Radiating coaxial cable and radio communication system using same
CA2239642C (en) * 1997-06-26 2001-05-29 Geza Dienes Antenna for radiating cable-to-vehicle communication systems
DE19738381A1 (de) * 1997-09-03 1999-03-04 Alsthom Cge Alcatel Abstrahlendes koaxiales Hochfrequenz-Kabel
US5898350A (en) * 1997-11-13 1999-04-27 Radio Frequency Systems, Inc. Radiating coaxial cable and method for making the same
US6292072B1 (en) 1998-12-08 2001-09-18 Times Microwave Systems, Division Of Smith Industries Aerospace And Defense Systems, Inc. Radiating coaxial cable having groups of spaced apertures for generating a surface wave at a low frequencies and a combination of surface and radiated waves at higher frequencies
US6480163B1 (en) 1999-12-16 2002-11-12 Andrew Corporation Radiating coaxial cable having helically diposed slots and radio communication system using same
US6686890B2 (en) 2001-04-19 2004-02-03 Fox Broadcasting Company Slot-array antennas with shaped radiation patterns and a method for the design thereof
US6831231B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2004-12-14 Times Microwave Systems, Division Of Smiths Aerospace, Incorporated Coaxial cable with flat outer conductor
US6610931B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2003-08-26 Times Microwave Systems, Division Of Smiths Aerospace, Incorporated Coaxial cable with tape outer conductor defining a plurality of indentations
EP1739789B1 (en) 2005-06-30 2007-10-31 Institut Scientifique de Service Public Radiating coaxial cable
JP4207998B2 (ja) * 2006-08-07 2009-01-14 ソニー株式会社 フラットケーブル装置
WO2008119387A1 (en) * 2007-04-02 2008-10-09 Neurotech Stretchable conductor and method for producing the same
ATE497269T1 (de) 2008-09-30 2011-02-15 Alcatel Lucent Strahlendes kabel
FR3058838B1 (fr) * 2016-11-14 2020-02-14 Nexans Cable rayonnant

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3729740A (en) * 1971-01-20 1973-04-24 Sumitomo Electric Industries Vehicle antenna for vehicular communication system using leaky coaxial cable
US3795915A (en) * 1972-10-20 1974-03-05 Sumitomo Electric Industries Leaky coaxial cable
GB1481485A (en) * 1975-05-29 1977-07-27 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Ultra-high-frequency leaky coaxial cable
JPS527790U (fi) * 1975-07-01 1977-01-20
JPS53116055A (en) * 1977-03-19 1978-10-11 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Leakage coaxial cable
JPS5599803A (en) * 1979-01-24 1980-07-30 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Broad band leakage coaxial cable
FR2552272B1 (fr) * 1983-09-15 1986-04-11 Cables De Lyon Geoffroy Delore Cable electrique coaxial rayonnant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU658028B2 (en) 1995-03-30
AU2999892A (en) 1993-06-24
FR2685549B1 (fr) 1994-01-28
FI925725A0 (fi) 1992-12-16
EP0547574A1 (fr) 1993-06-23
BR9205051A (pt) 1993-06-22
FR2685549A1 (fr) 1993-06-25
DE69214408D1 (de) 1996-11-14
US5291164A (en) 1994-03-01
JPH06125219A (ja) 1994-05-06
FI925725A (fi) 1993-06-20
DE69214408T2 (de) 1997-02-20
JP2561786B2 (ja) 1996-12-11

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