EP0539638A1 - Heat exchanger having tubes jointed by expanded sheet metal - Google Patents

Heat exchanger having tubes jointed by expanded sheet metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0539638A1
EP0539638A1 EP91402881A EP91402881A EP0539638A1 EP 0539638 A1 EP0539638 A1 EP 0539638A1 EP 91402881 A EP91402881 A EP 91402881A EP 91402881 A EP91402881 A EP 91402881A EP 0539638 A1 EP0539638 A1 EP 0539638A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
perforated portions
row
tube
portions
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Granted
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EP91402881A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0539638B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Cheron
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Priority to DE1991627199 priority Critical patent/DE69127199T2/en
Publication of EP0539638A1 publication Critical patent/EP0539638A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/04—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular polygonal, e.g. rectangular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/22—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/12—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes expanded or perforated metal plate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to new heat exchangers which can be used in particular for exchanges between two fluids, for example between a liquid and a gas and a method for their production.
  • Liquid-gas heat exchangers generally comprise a set of tubes which are substantially parallel to each other through which the liquid participating in the exchange flows, the gas participating in the exchange circulating between the tubes, generally in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the tubes.
  • each tube can be provided with a plurality of fins, which consist of plates of various shapes arranged around the tube throughout its length, generally in planes substantially perpendicular to the axis of the tube.
  • the fins have the drawback of providing the gas flow transverse to the axis of the tubes with a contact surface such that, even if it increases the efficiency of the heat exchange, it also causes significant pressure losses. for the gas flowing in contact with it.
  • exchangers comprising ds batteries of parallel tubes, arranged in several rows, in which each tube is connected to the two adjacent tubes of the same row by a fabric of heat conductive material, in thermal contact with each of the two tubes along a generator thereof.
  • the heat exchangers of the present invention can be defined in general in that they comprise a plurality of substantially parallel tubes which can be associated in at least one row, for the circulation of a first fluid participating in the exchange (more particularly a liquid), the second fluid (more particularly a gas) circulating outside the tubes in a direction generally perpendicular to the direction of said tubes and characterized in that each tube of one of said rows is connected to the two adjacent tubes of the same row (except for the extreme tubes of the rows, which have only one adjacent tube in the same row) by an expanded metal plate secured or made integral with each of the two tubes it connects, the along a generator thereof;
  • these heat exchangers being further characterized in that the plates connecting the tubes are formed in one piece from one end to the other of the same row of tubes, this piece consisting of a strip of expanded metal 1 ( Fig.
  • the thickness of the metal strips used can be for example about 0.2 to 5 millimeters and the mesh size of the expanded metal from about 0.2 mm to a few centimeters.
  • the non-perforated portions 3 are put in the form of substantially semi-cylindrical surfaces 4, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, for example by stamping, these substantially semi-cylindrical surfaces each receiving a preformed cylindrical tube 5, made integral with the substantially semi-cylindrical surface in contact with which it is by various means allowing the best possible thermal conduction between the metal parts in contact, for example by welding, by brazing or by bonding .
  • the non-perforated portions 3 of the strip 1 are put in the form of half-tubes 6, for example by stamping, and the opposite said half-tubes 6 of the complementary half-tubes 7, made separately, which are made integral with the half-tubes 6 by any means allowing the sealing between the inside and the outside of the tubes thus formed, for example by welding, by brazing or by gluing the edges of the half-tubes facing each other, or even by clamping with interposition of seals all along said edges facing each other.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B combines opposite, for each row of tubes, two strips of expanded metal 8 and 9 comprising, like the strips 1 of FIG. 1A, perforated parts (respectively 10 and 11) and non-perforated parts (respectively 12 and 13), each of these strips 8 and 9 being formed for example by stamping, so as to have a plurality of half-tubes (14 and 15 respectively) with substantially parallel axes, the strip portions between two adjacent half-tubes corresponding to the perforated parts 10 and 11 being shaped, for example during drawing, so that at the level of these perforated portions, the two strips of metal deployed opposite are not in contact with one another, but separated by a distance denoted d, when the two half tubes 14 and 15 facing each other are in contact with each other, by their edges.
  • the two associated bands opposite are reduced to one another by any means allowing the sealing between the inside and the outside of each tube formed by the association of two half-tubes facing each other, for example by welding, by brazing or by bonding of the homologous parts in contact, or even by tightening with interposition of seals along said homologous parts.
  • the heat exchange structures according to the invention comprise a plurality of rows of tubes as described above. These various rows can be parallel to one another as shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C, the rows being able moreover to be arranged with respect to each other so that the tubes are arranged in staggered rows (fig. 6A) or aligned d 'one row to another (fig. 6B and 6C).
  • the strips of expanded metal which are at the base of the rows of tubes of the devices of the invention can be made up of various metals having varied properties, for example thermal conductivity, mechanical resistance , or corrosion resistance.
  • the fluid circulating in the tubes can more particularly be a liquid to be heated or cooled, the fluid circulating outside the tubes can more particularly be air to be cooled or heated, respectively.
  • each of the two fluids will be adapted to the types of exchange considered.
  • the fluid circulating in the tubes must be brought there and be evacuated by a distribution system and by an appropriate collection system.
  • the entire exchange structure can be placed in a sealed enclosure 16 provided with a supply duct 17 and a discharge duct 18 for the fluid which must circulate outside the tubes, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the supply and discharge means of the fluid flowing in the tubes consists of conduits 19 and 20 connected respectively to the two faces 21 and 22 of the enclosure 16, perpendicular to the direction of the tubes 23, said faces 21 and 22 being pierced with holes 24 for communication with the tubes 23 which, in this way, pass through said enclosure 16 right through.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Heat exchanger comprising a plurality of substantially parallel tubes, which can be joined together in rows and are intended for the circulation of a first fluid, a second fluid circulating outside the tubes in a direction which is globally perpendicular to the direction of the said tubes. Each tube in one row is connected to two adjacent tubes in the same row by a sheet (2) of expanded metal which is integral or made integral with the two tubes which it joins, along a generatrix of the latter. The sheets (2) joining the tubes are formed by a single piece from one end to the other in the same row of tubes. The said piece consists of a strip having, after punching and longitudinal stretch-forming, an alternating configuration of perforated portions and non-perforated portions (3) used to form tube portions or to receive preformed tubes in close contact. These heat exchangers can be advantageously used for exchanges between a liquid circulating in the tubes and a gas (for example air) circulating in crossed currents outside the tubes. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne de nouveaux échangeurs de chaleur utilisables notamment pour des échanges entre deux fluides, par exemple entre un liquide et un gaz et une méthode pour leur réalisation.The invention relates to new heat exchangers which can be used in particular for exchanges between two fluids, for example between a liquid and a gas and a method for their production.

Les échangeurs de chaleur liquide-gaz comprennent, en général, un ensemble de tubes substantiellement parallèles entre eux à travers lesquels le liquide participant à l'échange s'écoule, le gaz participant à l'échange circulant entre les tubes, en général dans une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe des tubes.Liquid-gas heat exchangers generally comprise a set of tubes which are substantially parallel to each other through which the liquid participating in the exchange flows, the gas participating in the exchange circulating between the tubes, generally in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the tubes.

Pour améliorer l'échange thermique, on peut munir chaque tube d'une pluralité d'ailettes, qui consistent en des plaques de formes diverses disposées autour du tube tout au long de celui-ci, en général dans des plans sensiblement perpendiculaires à l'axe du tube.To improve the heat exchange, each tube can be provided with a plurality of fins, which consist of plates of various shapes arranged around the tube throughout its length, generally in planes substantially perpendicular to the axis of the tube.

Les ailettes présentent l'inconvénient d'offrir à l'écoulement du gaz transversalement à l'axe des tubes une surface de contact telle que, même si elle accroît l'éfficacité de l'échange thermique, elle occasionne également des pertes de charges importantes pour le gaz s'écoulant au contact de celle-ci.The fins have the drawback of providing the gas flow transverse to the axis of the tubes with a contact surface such that, even if it increases the efficiency of the heat exchange, it also causes significant pressure losses. for the gas flowing in contact with it.

On a également proposé de munir les tubes de lanières ou de fils disposés longitudinalement au contact des tubes. Ces lanières ou ces fils présentent à l'écoulement du gaz une faible longeur de contact, qui a pour effet d'entrainer le décollement de la couche limite, permettant en outre un excellent contact gaz-lanière ou gaz-fil avec une perte de charge plus faible que celle rencontrée avec les ailettes.It has also been proposed to provide the tubes with strips or wires arranged longitudinally in contact with the tubes. These strips or these wires have a short contact length at the flow of the gas, which has the effect of causing the separation of the boundary layer, also allowing excellent gas-strap or gas-wire contact with a pressure drop. weaker than that encountered with the fins.

Sur la base de ce principe, on a proposé notamment des échangeurs comprenant ds batteries de tubes parallèles, disposés en plusieurs rangées, dans lesquelles chaque tube est relié aux deux tubes adjacents de la même rangée par un tissu de matériau conducteur de la chaleur, en contact thermique avec chacun des deux tubes tout au long d'une génératrice de celui-ci.On the basis of this principle, it has been proposed in particular exchangers comprising ds batteries of parallel tubes, arranged in several rows, in which each tube is connected to the two adjacent tubes of the same row by a fabric of heat conductive material, in thermal contact with each of the two tubes along a generator thereof.

Pour réaliser un échangeur de ce type, on a pu par exemple confectionner le tissu de fils de matériau conducteur en y introduisant à intervalles réguliers un tube à la place d'un fil.To make an exchanger of this type, it was possible, for example, to make the fabric of wires of conductive material by introducing a tube at regular intervals in place of a wire.

Au lieu d'un tissu de fils de matériau conducteur, on peut aussi concevoir de placer entre un tube et les deux tubes adjacents de la même rangée une plaque perforée en contact thermique avec chacun des deux tubes qu'elle relie, tout au long d'une génératrice de ceux-ci, ladite plaque perforée étant réalisée dans un matériau conducteur de chaleur.Instead of a wire fabric of conductive material, it is also conceivable to place between a tube and the two adjacent tubes of the same row a perforated plate in thermal contact with each of the two tubes which it connects, throughout 'a generator thereof, said perforated plate being made of a heat conductive material.

Les inconvénients des dispositifs décrits ci-dessus sont principalement :

  • le coût élevé d'un tissu de matériau conducteur; et
  • la perte de matière dans la réalisation d'une plaque perforée de matériau conducteur.
The disadvantages of the devices described above are mainly:
  • the high cost of a fabric of conductive material; and
  • the loss of material in the production of a perforated plate of conductive material.

On a maintenant découvert qu'il était possible de réaliser des échangeurs de chaleurs du type décrit ci-dessus qui ne présentent pas les inconvénients précités, en utilisant comme éléments conducteurs de la chaleur des plaques de métal déployé selon des dispositions qui seront décrites ci-après, le métal déployé ayant un très faible coût comparé aux tisages et permettant, en outre, par rapport aux plaques perforées, d'éviter la perte de matière.It has now been discovered that it is possible to produce heat exchangers of the type described above which do not have the abovementioned drawbacks, by using expanded metal plates as heat conducting elements according to arrangements which will be described below. after, the expanded metal having a very low cost compared to weaving and allowing, in addition, compared to the perforated plates, to avoid the loss of material.

L'invention sera décrite plus particulièrement en liaison avec les figures annexées, dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1A représente une bande de métal servant d'élément de base dans les diverses variantes d'exécution de l'invention; et la figure 1B est une vue en coupe selon B-B d'une partie de la bande representée sur la figure 1A;
  • les figures 2A et 2B, 3A, 4A et 4B représentent diverses variantes d'éxécution d'une rangée de tubes selon l'invention;
  • les figures 5A et 5B représentent en coupes transversales deux formes particulières de la section des tubes;
  • les figures 6A, 6B et 6C représentent plusieurs dispositions particulières des rangées de tubes; et
  • la figure 7 représente schématiquement un mode de réalisation particulière d'un échangeur selon l'invention.
The invention will be described more particularly in conjunction with the appended figures, in which:
  • FIG. 1A represents a metal strip serving as a basic element in the various alternative embodiments of the invention; and FIG. 1B is a sectional view along BB of a part of the strip shown in FIG. 1A;
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B, 3A, 4A and 4B show various alternative embodiments of a row of tubes according to the invention;
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B show in cross sections two particular shapes of the section of the tubes;
  • FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C represent several particular arrangements of the rows of tubes; and
  • FIG. 7 schematically represents a particular embodiment of an exchanger according to the invention.

Les échangeurs de chaleur de la présente invention peuvent être définis d'une manière générale en ce qu'ils comprennent une pluralité de tubes substantiellement parallèles et pouvant être associés en au moins une rangée, pour la circulation d'un premier fluide participant à l'échange (plus particulièrement un liquide), le second fluide (plus particulièrement un gaz) circulant à l'extérieur des tubes dans une direction globalement perpendiculaire à la direction desdits tubes et caractérisés en ce que chaque tube d'une desdites rangées est relié aux deux tubes adjacents de la même rangée (sauf pour les tubes extrêmes des rangées, qui n'ont qu'un tube adjacent dans la même rangée) par une plaque de métal déployé solidaire ou rendue solidaire de chacun des deux tubes qu'elle relie, le long d'une génératrice de celui-ci; ces échangeurs de chaleur étant en outre caractérisés en ce que les plaques reliant les tubes sont formées d'une seule pièce d'un bout à l'autre d'une même rangée de tubes, cette pièce consistant en une bande de métal déployé 1 (fig. 1A) présentant, après poinçonnage et étirage longitudinal, une alternance de portions perforées 2 (métal déployé proprement dit) et de portions non-perforées ou continues 3, ces portions continues étant destinées à former au moins une portion de chacun des tubes ou à recevoir des tubes préformés, pour la circulation du premier fluide (fig. 1A).The heat exchangers of the present invention can be defined in general in that they comprise a plurality of substantially parallel tubes which can be associated in at least one row, for the circulation of a first fluid participating in the exchange (more particularly a liquid), the second fluid (more particularly a gas) circulating outside the tubes in a direction generally perpendicular to the direction of said tubes and characterized in that each tube of one of said rows is connected to the two adjacent tubes of the same row (except for the extreme tubes of the rows, which have only one adjacent tube in the same row) by an expanded metal plate secured or made integral with each of the two tubes it connects, the along a generator thereof; these heat exchangers being further characterized in that the plates connecting the tubes are formed in one piece from one end to the other of the same row of tubes, this piece consisting of a strip of expanded metal 1 ( Fig. 1A) having, after punching and longitudinal stretching, an alternation of perforated portions 2 (expanded metal proper) and non-perforated or continuous portions 3, these continuous portions being intended to form at least one portion of each of the tubes or to receive preformed tubes, for the circulation of the first fluid (fig. 1A).

L'épaisseur des bandes métalliques utilisées peut être par exemple d'environ 0,2 à 5 millimètres et la dimension de mailles du métal déployé d'environ 0,2mm à quelques centimètres.The thickness of the metal strips used can be for example about 0.2 to 5 millimeters and the mesh size of the expanded metal from about 0.2 mm to a few centimeters.

Selon une première variante d'exécution de l'invention, les portions non-perforées 3 sont mises sous forme de surfaces substantiellement semi-cylindriques 4, comme représenté sur les figures 2A et 2B, par exemple par emboutissage, ces surfaces substantiellement semi-cylindriques recevant chacune un tube cylindrique préformé 5, rendu solidaire de la surface substantiellement semi-cylindrique au contact de laquelle il se trouve par divers moyens permettant la meilleure conduction thermique possible entre les parties métalliques en contact, par exemple par soudage, par brasage ou par collage.According to a first alternative embodiment of the invention, the non-perforated portions 3 are put in the form of substantially semi-cylindrical surfaces 4, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, for example by stamping, these substantially semi-cylindrical surfaces each receiving a preformed cylindrical tube 5, made integral with the substantially semi-cylindrical surface in contact with which it is by various means allowing the best possible thermal conduction between the metal parts in contact, for example by welding, by brazing or by bonding .

Dans une autre variante d'execution de l'invention représentée par les figures 3A et 3B, on met les portions non-perforées 3 de la bande 1 sous la forme de demi-tubes 6, par exemple par emboutissage, et l'on place en regard desdits demi-tubes 6 des demi-tubes complémentaires 7, confectionnés séparément,que l'on rend solidaires des demi-tubes 6 par tout moyen permettant de réaliser l'étanchéité entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur des tubes ainsi formés, par exemple par soudage, par brasage ou par collage des rebords des demi-tubes en vis-à-vis, ou encore par serrage avec interposition de joints tout au long desdits rebords en vis-à-vis.In another alternative embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the non-perforated portions 3 of the strip 1 are put in the form of half-tubes 6, for example by stamping, and the opposite said half-tubes 6 of the complementary half-tubes 7, made separately, which are made integral with the half-tubes 6 by any means allowing the sealing between the inside and the outside of the tubes thus formed, for example by welding, by brazing or by gluing the edges of the half-tubes facing each other, or even by clamping with interposition of seals all along said edges facing each other.

Une autre variante d'exécution de l'invention,représentée par les figures 4A et 4B, associe en vis-à-vis, pour chaque rangée de tubes, deux bandes de métal déployé 8 et 9 comportant, comme les bandes 1 de la figure 1A, des parties perforées (respectivement 10 et 11) et des parties non perforées (respectivement 12 et 13), chacune de ces bandes 8 et 9 étant formée par exemple par emboutissage, de manière à présenter une pluralité de demi-tubes (respectivement 14 et 15) d'axes substantiellement parallèles, les portions de bande entre deux demi-tubes adjacents correspondant aux parties perforées 10 et 11 étant mises en forme, par exemple lors de l'emboutissage, de telle sorte qu'au niveau de ces portions perforées, les deux bandes de métal déployé en vis-à-vis ne soient pas en contact l'une avec l'autre, mais séparées d'une distance notée d, lorsque les deux demi-tubes 14 et 15 en vis-à-vis sont pour leur part en contact l'un avec l'autre, par leurs rebords. Les deux bandes associées en vis-à-vis sont redues solidaires l'une de l'autre par tout moyen permettant de réaliser l'étanchéité entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur de chaque tube formé par l'association de deux demi-tubes en vis-à-vis, par exemple par soudage, par brasage ou par collage des parties homoloques en contact, ou encore par serrage avec interposition de joints tout au long desdites parties homologues.Another alternative embodiment of the invention, represented by FIGS. 4A and 4B, combines opposite, for each row of tubes, two strips of expanded metal 8 and 9 comprising, like the strips 1 of FIG. 1A, perforated parts (respectively 10 and 11) and non-perforated parts (respectively 12 and 13), each of these strips 8 and 9 being formed for example by stamping, so as to have a plurality of half-tubes (14 and 15 respectively) with substantially parallel axes, the strip portions between two adjacent half-tubes corresponding to the perforated parts 10 and 11 being shaped, for example during drawing, so that at the level of these perforated portions, the two strips of metal deployed opposite are not in contact with one another, but separated by a distance denoted d, when the two half tubes 14 and 15 facing each other are in contact with each other, by their edges. The two associated bands opposite are reduced to one another by any means allowing the sealing between the inside and the outside of each tube formed by the association of two half-tubes facing each other, for example by welding, by brazing or by bonding of the homologous parts in contact, or even by tightening with interposition of seals along said homologous parts.

Dans les variantes d'exécution des strucutres d'échange de l'invention décrites plus haut, on a essentiellement considéré des tubes de section circulaire. Sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, on peut envisager que les sections des tubes aient toute autre forme, rectangulaire, par exemple carrée, ou hexagonale, comme représenté sur les figures 5A et 5B.In the variant embodiments of the exchange structures of the invention described above, essentially tubes of circular section have been considered. Without departing from the scope of the invention, it is conceivable that the sections of the tubes have any other shape, rectangular, for example square, or hexagonal, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B.

Les structures d'échange thermique selon l'invention comprennent une pluralité de rangées de tubes telles que décrites plus haut. Ces diverses rangées peuvent être parallèles entre elles comme représenté schématiquement sur les figures 6A, 6B et 6C, les rangées pouvant en outre être disposées les unes par rapport aux autres de manière que les tubes soient disposés en quinconce (fig. 6A) ou alignés d'une rangée à l'autre (fig. 6B et 6C).The heat exchange structures according to the invention comprise a plurality of rows of tubes as described above. These various rows can be parallel to one another as shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C, the rows being able moreover to be arranged with respect to each other so that the tubes are arranged in staggered rows (fig. 6A) or aligned d 'one row to another (fig. 6B and 6C).

Dans ce dernier cas, il peut être intéressant de donner aux tubes des sections rectangulaires, par exemple carrées, ou hexagonales, pour permettre au diverses rangées successives d'être juxtaposées les unes aux autres tout au long des faces planes des tubes, lorsque l'on a besoin que la structure d'échange consiste en un empilement. Une telle possibilité est illustrée par la figure 6C.In the latter case, it may be advantageous to give the tubes rectangular sections, for example square, or hexagonal, to allow the various successive rows to be juxtaposed with each other along the flat faces of the tubes, when the we need the exchange structure to consist of a stack. One such possibility is illustrated in Figure 6C.

Dans la description qui précede, on a envisagé l'utilisation de bandes de métal déployé dont les portions perforées 2 ont le profil représenté sur la figure 1B, qui résulte du mode de réalisation du métal déployé, par un poinçonnage suivi d'un étirage longitudinal des plaques de métal. Comme on le voit sur la figure 1B, les parties perforées des plaques ne sont pas planes, chaque lanière étant en décrochement par rapport à la lanière adjacente. On peut utiliser tout métal déployé connu présentant diverses formes de lanières, que l'on pourra adapter à la construction des dispositifs de l'invention selon les caractéristiques d'échange thermique et de perte de charge considérées dans chaque dispositif. De plus, dans le cadre de l'invention, on peut envisager d'utiliser des bandes de métal déployé dans les parties perforées ont été aplaties sous presse.In the foregoing description, the use of strips of expanded metal has been envisaged, the perforated portions 2 of which have the profile shown in FIG. 1B, which results from the embodiment of the expanded metal, by punching followed by longitudinal stretching. metal plates. As can be seen in FIG. 1B, the perforated parts of the plates are not planar, each strap being in an offset relative to the adjacent strap. Any known expanded metal can be used having various forms of strips, which can be adapted to the construction of the devices of the invention according to the characteristics of heat exchange and pressure drop considered in each device. In addition, in the context of the invention, it is possible to envisage using strips of expanded metal in the perforated parts which have been flattened under press.

Le bandes de métal déployé qui sont à la base des rangées de tubes des dispositifs de l'invention (telles que 1 sur la figure 1A), peuvent etre constituées de divers métaux présentant des propriétés variées, par exemple de conductivité thermique, de résistance mécanique, ou de résistance à la corrosion.The strips of expanded metal which are at the base of the rows of tubes of the devices of the invention (such as 1 in FIG. 1A), can be made up of various metals having varied properties, for example thermal conductivity, mechanical resistance , or corrosion resistance.

On peut citer par exemple : le fer, l'acier et tous ses alliages, des métaux non ferreux tels que le nickel, le cuivre, l'aluminium et tous les produits métallurgiques que l'on peut obtenir sous forme de rouleaux, bandes ou feuilles de faible épaisseur. Il est en outre possible, pour conférer aus dispositifs de l'invention une bonne résistance à la corrosion, notamment au contact de certains gaz, de traiter le métal déployé utilisé par un revêtement protecteur, par exemple en Téflon (marque déposée). L'utilisation de tels revêtements qui peuvent être hydrophobes peut être avantageuse également dans le cas d'échangeurs à condensation, dans lesquels l'eau de condensation pourra s'écouler sans stagnation le long de surfaces ainsi revêtues.We can cite for example: iron, steel and all its alloys, non-ferrous metals such as nickel, copper, aluminum and all metallurgical products which can be obtained in the form of rolls, strips or thin sheets. It is furthermore, to give the devices of the invention good resistance to corrosion, in particular in contact with certain gases, to treat the expanded metal used by a protective coating, for example Teflon (registered trademark). The use of such coatings which can be hydrophobic can also be advantageous in the case of condensing exchangers, in which the water of condensation can flow without stagnation along surfaces thus coated.

Dans les échangeurs de chaleur considérés dans l'invention, on peut réaliser un échange thermique entre deux fluides circulant à courants croisés, l'un dans les tubes, l'autre à l'extérieur des tubes dans une direction globalement perpendiculaire aux parties perforées des plaques de métal déployé, entre les tubes.In the heat exchangers considered in the invention, it is possible to carry out a heat exchange between two fluids circulating at cross currents, one in the tubes, the other outside the tubes in a direction generally perpendicular to the perforated parts of the expanded metal plates between the tubes.

Le fluide circulant dans les tubes peut être plus particulièrement un liquide à rechauffer ou à refroidir, le fluide circulant à l'extérieur des tubes pouvant être plus particulièrement de l'air à refroidir ou à rechauffer, respectivement.The fluid circulating in the tubes can more particularly be a liquid to be heated or cooled, the fluid circulating outside the tubes can more particularly be air to be cooled or heated, respectively.

Les moyens d'amenée et d'évacuation de chacun des deux fluides seront adaptés aux types d'échange considérés. En particulier, le fluide circulant dans les tubes devra y être amené et en être évacué par un système de distribution et par un système de collecte appropriés.The means of supply and evacuation of each of the two fluids will be adapted to the types of exchange considered. In particular, the fluid circulating in the tubes must be brought there and be evacuated by a distribution system and by an appropriate collection system.

D'autre part, mis à part le cas où le fluide circulant à l'extérieur des tubes est l'air ambiant (à rechauffer ou à refroidir), l'ensemble de la structure d'échange pourra être placé dans une enceinte étanche 16 munie d'un conduit d'amenée 17 et d'un conduit d'évacuation 18 du fluide devant circuler à l'extérieur des tubes, comme représenté sur la figure 7. Dans le cas représenté, les moyens d'amenée et d'évacuation du fluide circulant dans les tubes consiste en des conduits 19 et 20 raccordés respectivement aux deux faces 21 et 22 de l'enceinte 16, perpendiculaires à la direction des tubes 23, lesdites faces 21 et 22 étant percées de trous 24 de communication avec les tubes 23 qui, de cette façon, traversent ladite enceinte 16 de part en part.On the other hand, apart from the case where the fluid circulating outside the tubes is ambient air (to be heated or cooled), the entire exchange structure can be placed in a sealed enclosure 16 provided with a supply duct 17 and a discharge duct 18 for the fluid which must circulate outside the tubes, as shown in FIG. 7. In the case shown, the supply and discharge means of the fluid flowing in the tubes consists of conduits 19 and 20 connected respectively to the two faces 21 and 22 of the enclosure 16, perpendicular to the direction of the tubes 23, said faces 21 and 22 being pierced with holes 24 for communication with the tubes 23 which, in this way, pass through said enclosure 16 right through.

Claims (15)

Echangeur de chaleur comprenant une pluralité de tubes substantiellement parallèles pouvant être associés en au moins une rangée et destinés à la circulation d'un premier fluide participant à l'échange, un second fluide participant à l'échange circulant à l'extérieur desdits tubes dans une direction globalement perpendiculaire à la direction desdits tubes, ledit échangeur de chaleur étant caractérisé en ce que chaque tube d'une rangée est relié aux tubes adjacents de la même rangée par une plaque de métal déployé solidaire ou rendue solidaire de chacun des deux tubes qu'elle relie, le long d'une génératrice de celui-ci, en ce que lesdites plaques reliant lesdits tubes sont formées d'une seule pièce d'un bout à l'autre d'une même rangée de tubes et en ce que ladite pièce consiste en une bande 1 présentant, après poinçonnage et étirage longitudinal, une alternance de portions perforèes 2 et de portions non-perforées 3 servant à former des portions de tubes ou à recevoir des tubes préformés , en contact intime.Heat exchanger comprising a plurality of substantially parallel tubes which can be associated in at least one row and intended for the circulation of a first fluid participating in the exchange, a second fluid participating in the exchange circulating outside said tubes in a direction generally perpendicular to the direction of said tubes, said heat exchanger being characterized in that each tube of a row is connected to the adjacent tubes of the same row by an expanded metal plate integral with or made integral with each of the two tubes that 'it connects, along a generator thereof, in that said plates connecting said tubes are formed in one piece from one end to the other of the same row of tubes and in that said piece consists of a strip 1 having, after punching and longitudinal stretching, an alternation of perforated portions 2 and non-perforated portions 3 used to form portions of tubes or to receive preformed tubes, in intimate contact. Echangeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les portions non-perforées 3 de ladite bande 1 sont mises sous forme de surfaces substantiellement semi-cylindriques 4, recevant chacune, en contact intime, un tube cylindrique préformé 5.Exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-perforated portions 3 of said strip 1 are formed in the form of substantially semi-cylindrical surfaces 4, each receiving, in intimate contact, a preformed cylindrical tube 5. Echangeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les protions non-perforées de ladite bande 1 sont mises sous forme de surfaces semi-cylindriques constituant des demi-tubes 6 en regard desquels sont placés en contact étanche des demi-tubes complémentaires 7, confectionnés séparément.Exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-perforated protections of said strip 1 are formed in the form of semi-cylindrical surfaces constituting half-tubes 6 opposite which are placed in sealed contact the complementary half-tubes 7, made separately. Echangeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un rangée de tubes est formée par mise en vis-à-vis de deux bandes 8 et 9, comportant chacune des portions perforées 10 et 11 et de portions non-perforées 12 et 13, lesdites portions non-perforées 12 et 13 étant mise chacune sous forme de demi-tubes 14 et 15 en contact étanche l'un vis-à-vis de l'autre et lesdites portions perforées 10 et 11 des bandes 8 et 9 en vis-à-vis étant séparées l'une de l'autre.Exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that a row of tubes is formed by facing two bands 8 and 9, each comprising perforated portions 10 and 11 and non-perforated portions 12 and 13, said non-perforated portions 12 and 13 each being put in the form of half-tubes 14 and 15 in sealed contact with one another and said perforated portions 10 and 11 of the bands 8 and 9 facing each other opposite being separated from each other. Echangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les rangées de tubes sont substantiellement parallèles, lesdits tubes étant disposés en quinconce.Exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rows of tubes are substantially parallel, said tubes being staggered. Echangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les rangées de tubes sont substantiellement parallèles, lesdits tubes étant alignés d'une rangée à l'autre.Exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rows of tubes are substantially parallel, said tubes being aligned from one row to another. Echangeur selon l'une des revendication 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des moyens d'amenée et d'évacuation pour le fluide circulant dans les tubes.Exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it further comprises supply and evacuation means for the fluid flowing in the tubes. Echangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la structure d'échange est placée dans une enceinte étanche 16 munie d'un conduit d'amenée 17 et d'un conduit d'évacuation 18 pour le fluide circulant à l'extérieur des tubes 23, ainsi que d'un conduit d'amenée 19 et d'un conduit d'évacuation 20 pour le fluide circulant dans les tubes 23, lesdits conduits 19 et 20 étant raccordés respectivement aux faces 21 et 22 de ladite enceinte 16, perpendiculaires à la direction des tubes 23, lesdites faces 21 et 22 étant percées de trous 24 de communication avec l'intérieur des tubes 23 qui traversent de part en part ladite enceinte 16.Exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the exchange structure is placed in a sealed enclosure 16 provided with a supply pipe 17 and a discharge pipe 18 for the fluid circulating at the outside of the tubes 23, as well as a supply conduit 19 and an evacuation conduit 20 for the fluid circulating in the tubes 23, said conduits 19 and 20 being connected respectively to the faces 21 and 22 of said enclosure 16, perpendicular to the direction of the tubes 23, said faces 21 and 22 being pierced with holes 24 for communication with the interior of the tubes 23 which pass right through said enclosure 16. Méthode de réalisation d'une structure d'échange selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que la confection d'une rangée de tubes comprend le poinçonnage d'une bande de métal 1 en certaines portions de celle-ci et son étirage longitudinal, de manière à constituer des portions perforées 2 alternant avec des portions non-perforées 3, puis la mise sous forme de surfaces substantiellement semi-cylindriques desdites portions non-perforées 3, par emboutissage.Method for producing an exchange structure according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the production of a row of tubes comprises the punching of a metal strip 1 into certain portions thereof and its longitudinal stretching, so as to form perforated portions 2 alternating with non-perforated portions 3, then forming substantially semi-cylindrical surfaces of said non-perforated portions 3, by stamping. Méthode selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que chacune desdites surfaces substantiellement semi-cylindriques 4 reçoit un tube cylindrique préformé 5, en contact intime avec elle.Method according to claim 9, characterized in that each of said substantially semi-cylindrical surfaces 4 receives a preformed cylindrical tube 5, in intimate contact with it. Méthode selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que chaque tube préformé 5 est rendu solidaire de la surface substantiellement semi-cylindrique 4 qui le reçoit par soudage, brasage ou collage.Method according to claim 10, characterized in that each preformed tube 5 is made integral with the substantially semi-cylindrical surface 4 which receives it by welding, brazing or gluing. Méthode selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que chacune desdites surfaces semi-cylindriques constitue un demi-tube 6 en regard duquel on place, en contact étanche, un demi-tube complémentaire 7, confectionné séparément.Method according to claim 9, characterized in that each of said semi-cylindrical surfaces constitutes a half-tube 6 opposite which is placed, in sealed contact, a complementary half-tube 7, made separately. Méthode selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que le contact étanche desdits demi-tubes 6 et 7 est assuré par soudage, brasage, collage ou par serrage avec interposition de joints entre les rebords desdits demi-tubes 6 et 7.Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the sealed contact of said half-tubes 6 and 7 is ensured by welding, brazing, gluing or by clamping with interposition of seals between the flanges of said half-tubes 6 and 7. Méthode selon la revendiation 9, caractérisée en ce que deux bandes 8 et 9 mises en forme sont associées en vis-à-vis de manière que leurs surfaces semi-cylindriques constituant des demi-tubes 14 et 15 soient en contact étanche les unes avec les autres par leurs rebords, et que leurs portions perforées respectives 10 et 11 soient écartées entre elles.Method according to claim 9, characterized in that two shaped bands 8 and 9 are associated opposite one another so that their semi-cylindrical surfaces constituting half-tubes 14 and 15 are in sealed contact with each other others by their edges, and that their respective perforated portions 10 and 11 are spaced apart. Méthode selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que le contact étanche des demi-tubes 14 et 15 est assuré par soudage, brasage, sollage ou par serrage avec interposition de joints entre les rebords desdits demi-tubes 14 et 15.Method according to claim 14, characterized in that the sealed contact of the half-tubes 14 and 15 is ensured by welding, brazing, stressing or clamping with interposition of seals between the flanges of said half-tubes 14 and 15.
EP19910402881 1990-10-22 1991-10-28 Heat exchanger having tubes jointed by expanded sheet metal Expired - Lifetime EP0539638B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1991627199 DE69127199T2 (en) 1991-10-28 1991-10-28 Heat exchangers with pipes connected by expanded metal

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9013161A FR2668250B1 (en) 1990-10-22 1990-10-22 HEAT EXCHANGER WITH TUBES CONNECTED BY DEPLOYED METAL PLATES.

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EP0539638B1 EP0539638B1 (en) 1997-08-06

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Cited By (6)

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EP0683372A1 (en) * 1994-05-16 1995-11-22 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger and method of making heat exchangers
EP0683371A1 (en) * 1994-05-16 1995-11-22 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger
DE19702440A1 (en) * 1997-01-24 1998-07-30 Behr Gmbh & Co Fuel cooler for diesel engine
FR2774635A1 (en) * 1998-02-09 1999-08-13 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Cooler for vehicle engine diesel fuel returned to fuel tank
CN102183166A (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-09-14 福建龙净环保股份有限公司 Heat exchange tube and smoke heat exchanger
US11060801B2 (en) 2015-06-29 2021-07-13 Carrier Corporation Microtube heat exchanger

Families Citing this family (3)

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JPH0618186A (en) * 1992-07-03 1994-01-25 Daikin Ind Ltd Heat exchanger and manufacture thereof
US5398752A (en) * 1993-08-19 1995-03-21 Abbott; Roy W. Strip fin and tube heat exchanger
FR3038975B1 (en) * 2015-07-17 2019-08-09 Valeo Systemes Thermiques HEAT EXCHANGER WITH IMPROVED FINS

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0683372A1 (en) * 1994-05-16 1995-11-22 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger and method of making heat exchangers
EP0683371A1 (en) * 1994-05-16 1995-11-22 Sanden Corporation Heat exchanger
DE19702440A1 (en) * 1997-01-24 1998-07-30 Behr Gmbh & Co Fuel cooler for diesel engine
FR2774635A1 (en) * 1998-02-09 1999-08-13 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Cooler for vehicle engine diesel fuel returned to fuel tank
CN102183166A (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-09-14 福建龙净环保股份有限公司 Heat exchange tube and smoke heat exchanger
CN102183166B (en) * 2011-04-25 2012-05-30 福建龙净环保股份有限公司 Heat exchange tube and smoke heat exchanger
US11060801B2 (en) 2015-06-29 2021-07-13 Carrier Corporation Microtube heat exchanger

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FR2668250B1 (en) 1997-01-10
FR2668250A1 (en) 1992-04-24
EP0539638B1 (en) 1997-08-06

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