EP0532394A1 - Circuit breaker device without natural zero crossing for the current - Google Patents
Circuit breaker device without natural zero crossing for the current Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0532394A1 EP0532394A1 EP92402424A EP92402424A EP0532394A1 EP 0532394 A1 EP0532394 A1 EP 0532394A1 EP 92402424 A EP92402424 A EP 92402424A EP 92402424 A EP92402424 A EP 92402424A EP 0532394 A1 EP0532394 A1 EP 0532394A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuit breaker
- arc
- current
- arcing
- breaking capacity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
- H01H33/121—Load break switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
- H01H33/143—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc of different construction or type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/006—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means adapted for interrupting fault currents with delayed zero crossings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrical cut-off device without natural zero current crossing.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of the current after the appearance of a fault; it designating the minimum value taken by the current after a few oscillations around the aperiodic component ip.
- the circuit breaker In the event that the value of the current exceeds 15 to 20 A, the circuit breaker cannot, without an additional device such as an oscillating circuit, cause the current to go through zero.
- An object of the invention is to provide a breaking device making it possible to obtain a zero crossing of the current in all circumstances, thus allowing conventional circuit breakers at SF6 to extinguish the arc.
- the principle of the invention is based on the fact that to achieve the desired goal, it is necessary to increase the arc voltage so as to decrease the aperiodic component of the fault current.
- the subject of the invention is a breaking device without natural zero crossing of the current, characterized in that it comprises the series association of a circuit breaker with good breaking capacity and a circuit breaker with low breaking capacity but having means for lengthening the arc and increasing the arc tension.
- the circuit breaker with low breaking capacity comprises an enclosure filled with gases with good dielectric properties such as sulfur hexafluoride SF6, first and second arcing contacts, the second arcing contact being displaceable by means of an operating mechanism, and a blowing nozzle traversed by said second arcing contact, and means for making the first arcing contact execute, from the instant of separation of the contacts of arc, a displacement in a direction opposite to that of the second arcing contact.
- gases with good dielectric properties such as sulfur hexafluoride SF6
- first and second arcing contacts being displaceable by means of an operating mechanism, and a blowing nozzle traversed by said second arcing contact, and means for making the first arcing contact execute, from the instant of separation of the contacts of arc, a displacement in a direction opposite to that of the second arcing contact.
- the displacement can be obtained by securing the first contact to a piston moving in a cylinder, the piston being displaced by the increase in pressure which occurs in the cutting chamber upstream of the blowing nozzle under the effect of the heating created by the arc.
- FIG. 2 shows that the breaking device according to the invention comprises the association in series of two circuit breakers, one referenced 100, having good breaking capacity, the other referenced 200, having only weak power but having means for increasing the resistance of the arc.
- the circuit breakers are operated simultaneously or with a slight delay of the circuit breaker 100 relative to the circuit breaker 200.
- the circuit breaker 100 is of known type and may for example be the circuit breaker described in French patent n ° 89 00 009 filed on January 2, 1989 in the name of the applicant.
- Such a sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker with self-blowing and low operating energy has an excellent breaking capacity at zero current crossing.
- an auto-pneumatic or oil-filled volume circuit breaker can be used.
- the circuit breaker 200 has a low breaking capacity, but it is provided with a means for increasing the arc voltage; in an exemplary embodiment described in FIG. 3, the means for increasing the arc voltage is a means for lengthening said arc.
- the circuit breaker of FIG. 3 comprises an insulating envelope 1, for example made of porcelain, tight, filled with gases with good dielectric properties such as sulfur hexafluoride SF6, under a pressure of a few bars.
- a metal cylinder 2 defining a blowing volume V1 and serving as a fixed permanent contact; this cylinder is fixed to a metal plate 3 closing one side of the envelope and connected to a first socket 4.
- the cylinder 2 carries a blowing nozzle 5 made of insulating material.
- a metal tube 6 Inside the cylinder 2 is arranged a metal tube 6 in which slides a piston 7 which carries a metal rod 8, the end of which is made of an alloy resistant to the effects of the arc. This rod serves as an arcing contact.
- the piston is pushed by a spring 8 pressing against the plate 3.
- a braid 9 electrically connects the plate 3 and the rod 8.
- the movable assembly connected to an operating mechanism not shown, comprises a movable permanent contact 12 cooperating with the cylinder 2, and an arcing contact consisting of a rod 14 terminated by a tip 14A made of material resistant to the effects of the 'bow.
- Contacts 12 and 14 are electrically connected to a second socket not shown.
- the invention mainly applies to breaking of currents in networks with reactive energy compensation by series capacitors.
Landscapes
- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un dispositif de coupure électrique sans passage naturel par zéro du courant.The present invention relates to an electrical cut-off device without natural zero current crossing.
Les réseaux électriques modernes font de plus en plus appel à la compensation série par condensateurs pour contrôler le niveau de tension sur les lignes. Ceci a pour conséquence de provoquer, en cas de défaut, ce qu'il est convenu d'appeler des "non-passages" par zéro du courant.Modern electrical networks are increasingly using series compensation by capacitors to control the voltage level on the lines. This has the consequence of causing, in the event of a fault, what is known as "non-crossing" by zero of the current.
On se référera au dessin dans lequel:
- la figure 1 est un diagramme d'un défaut asymétrique,
- la figure 2 est un schéma par blocs du dispositif de l'invention,
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale du disjoncteur à allongement d'arc utilisé dans le dispositif de coupure de l'invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of an asymmetric fault,
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the device of the invention,
- Figure 3 is a schematic view in axial section of the arc elongation circuit breaker used in the breaking device of the invention.
La figure 1 est un diagramme du courant après apparition d'un défaut; il désignant la la valeur minimale prise par le courant après quelques oscillations autour de la composante apériodique ip.FIG. 1 is a diagram of the current after the appearance of a fault; it designating the minimum value taken by the current after a few oscillations around the aperiodic component ip.
Les disjoncteurs actuels à hexafluorure de soufre SF6 ont besoin, pour éteindre l'arc qui se produit à l'ouverture des contacts, d'un passage par zéro du courant. Ce passage peut être naturel et se produit toutes les demi-périodes en régime symétrique. Ce passage peut aussi être provoqué par "hachage" dans le cas où le disjoncteur par son soufflage, peut fixer le passage par zéro du courant.Current SF6 sulfur hexafluoride circuit breakers need a zero current crossing to extinguish the arc that occurs when the contacts open. This transition can be natural and occurs every half period in symmetrical regime. This passage can also be caused by "chopping" in the case where the circuit breaker by its blowing, can fix the passage by zero of the current.
Dans le cas où la valeur du courant il dépasse 15 à 20 A, le disjoncteur ne peut, sans dispositif annexe tel que circuit oscillant, provoquer le passage par zéro du courant.In the event that the value of the current exceeds 15 to 20 A, the circuit breaker cannot, without an additional device such as an oscillating circuit, cause the current to go through zero.
Un but de l'invention est de réaliser un dispositif de coupure permettant d'obtenir en toutes circonstances un passage par zéro du courant, permettant ainsi aux disjoncteurs classiques à SF6 d'éteindre l'arc.An object of the invention is to provide a breaking device making it possible to obtain a zero crossing of the current in all circumstances, thus allowing conventional circuit breakers at SF6 to extinguish the arc.
Le principe de l'invention est fondée sur le fait que pour atteindre le but recherché, il faut augmenter la tension d'arc de manière à diminuer la composante apériodique du courant de défaut.The principle of the invention is based on the fact that to achieve the desired goal, it is necessary to increase the arc voltage so as to decrease the aperiodic component of the fault current.
L'invention a pour objet un dispositif de coupure sans passage naturel par zéro du courant, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend l'association en série d'un disjoncteur à bon pouvoir de coupure et d'un disjoncteur à faible pouvoir de coupure mais possédant des moyens pour allonger l'arc et augmenter la tension d'arc.The subject of the invention is a breaking device without natural zero crossing of the current, characterized in that it comprises the series association of a circuit breaker with good breaking capacity and a circuit breaker with low breaking capacity but having means for lengthening the arc and increasing the arc tension.
Dans un mode particulier de réalisation, le disjoncteur à faible pouvoir de coupure comprend une enceinte remplie de gaz à bonnes propriétés diélectriques tel que l'hexafluorure de soufre SF6, un premier et un second contacts d'arc, le second contact d'arc étant déplaçable au moyen d'un mécanisme de manoeuvre, et une buse de soufflage traversée par ledit second contact d'arc, et des moyens pour pour faire exécuter au premier contact d'arc, à partir de l'instant de séparation des contacts d'arc, un déplacement dans un sens opposé à celui du second contact d'arc.In a particular embodiment, the circuit breaker with low breaking capacity comprises an enclosure filled with gases with good dielectric properties such as sulfur hexafluoride SF6, first and second arcing contacts, the second arcing contact being displaceable by means of an operating mechanism, and a blowing nozzle traversed by said second arcing contact, and means for making the first arcing contact execute, from the instant of separation of the contacts of arc, a displacement in a direction opposite to that of the second arcing contact.
Avantageusement, le déplacement peut être obtenu en solidarisant le premier contact à un piston se déplaçant dans un cylindre, le piston étant déplacé par l'augmentation de pression qui se produit dans la chambre de coupure en amont de la buse de soufflage sous l'effet de l'échauffement créé par l'arc.Advantageously, the displacement can be obtained by securing the first contact to a piston moving in a cylinder, the piston being displaced by the increase in pressure which occurs in the cutting chamber upstream of the blowing nozzle under the effect of the heating created by the arc.
On ne confondra pas l'invention avec le dispositif décrit dans le document EP-A2-0239783 qui décrit l'association de deux disjoncteurs dont l'un coupe les charges ohmiques et inductives et dont l'autre, qui s'ouvre un peu après le premier, coupe les courants capacitifs. Dans ce montage, il n'est pas question de couper un courant qui ne passe pas par zéro.The invention should not be confused with the device described in document EP-A2-0239783 which describes the association of two circuit breakers, one of which cuts the ohmic and inductive loads and the other, which opens a little after the first, cuts the capacitive currents. In this arrangement, there is no question of cutting a current which does not go through zero.
De même, on écartera le document DPS 641604 qui décrit un dispositif comprenant en série un sectionneur et un disjoncteur, le sectionneur s'ouvrant plus tôt que le disjoncteur. Ce dispositif n'est pas adapté pour couper les courants qui ne passent pas par zéro.Similarly, we will discard the document DPS 641604 which describes a device comprising in series a disconnector and a circuit breaker, the disconnector opening earlier than the circuit breaker. This device is not suitable for cutting currents which do not pass through zero.
La figure 1 a déjà été commentée et on n'y reviendra pas.Figure 1 has already been commented on and we will not return to it.
La figure 2 montre que le dispositif de coupure selon l'invention comprend l'association en série de deux disjoncteurs, l'un référencé 100, ayant un bon pouvoir de coupure, l'autre référencé 200, n'ayant qu'un faible pouvoir de coupure mais étant doté de moyens pour augmenter la résistance de l'arc. Les disjoncteurs sont manoeuvrés simultanément ou avec un léger retard du disjoncteur 100 par rapport au disjoncteur 200.FIG. 2 shows that the breaking device according to the invention comprises the association in series of two circuit breakers, one referenced 100, having good breaking capacity, the other referenced 200, having only weak power but having means for increasing the resistance of the arc. The circuit breakers are operated simultaneously or with a slight delay of the
Le disjoncteur 100 est de type connu et peut être par exemple le disjoncteur décrit dans le brevet français n° 89 00 009 déposé le 2 janvier 1989 au nom de la demanderesse. Un tel disjoncteur à hexafluorure de soufre à autosoufflage et à faible énergie de manoeuvre possède un excellent pouvoir de coupure au passage par zéro du courant. On peut, en variante, utiliser un disjoncteur autopneumatique ou à volume rempli d'huile.The
Le disjoncteur 200 a un faible pouvoir de coupure, mais il est doté d'un moyen pour augmenter la tension d'arc; dans un exemple de réalisation décrit dans la figure 3, le moyen pour augmenter la tension d'arc est un moyen d'allongement dudit arc.The
Le disjoncteur de la figure 3 comprend une enveloppe isolante 1, par exemple en porcelaine, étanche, remplie de gaz à bonnes propriétés diélectriques tel que l'hexafluorure de soufre SF6, sous une pression de quelques bars.The circuit breaker of FIG. 3 comprises an insulating envelope 1, for example made of porcelain, tight, filled with gases with good dielectric properties such as sulfur hexafluoride SF6, under a pressure of a few bars.
A l'intérieur de l'enveloppe, on trouve un cylindre métallique 2 définissant un volume de soufflage V1 et servant de contact permanent fixe; ce cylindre est fixé à une plaque métallique 3 fermant un côté de l'enveloppe et reliée à une première prise de courant 4. Le cylindre 2 porte une buse de soufflage 5 en matériau isolant.Inside the envelope, there is a
A l'intérieur du cylindre 2 est disposé un tube métallique 6 dans lequel coulisse un piston 7 qui porte une tige métallique 8 dont l'extrémité est réalisée en alliage résistant aux effets de l'arc. Cette tige sert de contact d'arc. Le piston est poussé par un ressort 8 s'appuyant contre la plaque 3. Une tresse 9 relie électriquement la plaque 3 et la tige 8.Inside the
L'équipage mobile, relié à un mécanisme de manoeuvre non représenté, comprend un contact permanent mobile 12 coopérant avec le cylindre 2, et un contact d'arc constitué d'une tige 14 terminée par un embout 14A en matériau résistant aux effets de l'arc.The movable assembly, connected to an operating mechanism not shown, comprises a movable
Les contacts 12 et 14 sont reliés électriquement à une seconde prise de courant non représentée.
Lors de l'ouverture du disjoncteur, les contacts permanents 2 et 12 se séparent et le courant est commuté sur les contacts d'arc 8 et 14. Lorsque ceux-ci se séparent, un arc jaillit entre les embouts 8A et 14A. La chaleur dégagée par l'arc produit une élévation de température qui provoque une augmentation de pression dans le volume V1. Le piston 7 est repoussé contre l'action du ressort, ce qui a pour conséquence d'allonger l'arc et d'augmenter sa résistance et sa tension d'arc, provoquant le passage par zéro du courant. Le disjoncteur 100, qui a été ouvert en même temps que le disjoncteur 200, ou quelques millisecondes après, assure la coupure du courant.When the circuit breaker opens, the
L'invention s'applique principalement à la coupure des courants dans les réseaux à compensation d'énergie réactive par condensateurs série.The invention mainly applies to breaking of currents in networks with reactive energy compensation by series capacitors.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9111220 | 1991-09-11 | ||
FR9111220A FR2681185B1 (en) | 1991-09-11 | 1991-09-11 | CURRENT DEVICE WITHOUT NATURAL PASSAGE BY ZERO OF THE CURRENT. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0532394A1 true EP0532394A1 (en) | 1993-03-17 |
Family
ID=9416847
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92402424A Withdrawn EP0532394A1 (en) | 1991-09-11 | 1992-09-04 | Circuit breaker device without natural zero crossing for the current |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0532394A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH05205581A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1070512A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9203516A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2077928A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2681185B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0758137A1 (en) * | 1995-08-08 | 1997-02-12 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Circuit breaking device |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006032121A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-02 | Japan Ae Power Systems Corp | High voltage circuit breaker with large capacity |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE641604C (en) * | 1934-03-22 | 1937-02-06 | Frida Strauss Geb Ruppel | Switching arrangement |
DE689916C (en) * | 1938-05-17 | 1940-04-09 | Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges | High-performance liquid switch with two interruption points in series |
FR905775A (en) * | 1943-07-05 | 1945-12-13 | Licentia Gmbh | Electrical switch with several cut-off points, in particular a compressed gas switch |
DE1465375A1 (en) * | 1964-06-13 | 1969-01-16 | Calor Emag Elek Zitaets Ag | Voltage separation point |
DE3030367A1 (en) * | 1980-07-18 | 1982-02-18 | BBC AG Brown, Boveri & Cie., 5401 Baden, Aargau | HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS |
EP0239783A2 (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-07 | AEG Sachsenwerk GmbH | High-tension electrical switch installation |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60167221A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1985-08-30 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Dc breaker |
-
1991
- 1991-09-11 FR FR9111220A patent/FR2681185B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-09-04 EP EP92402424A patent/EP0532394A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-09-08 JP JP23950592A patent/JPH05205581A/en active Pending
- 1992-09-10 BR BR929203516A patent/BR9203516A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-09-10 CA CA 2077928 patent/CA2077928A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-09-11 CN CN 92110512 patent/CN1070512A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE641604C (en) * | 1934-03-22 | 1937-02-06 | Frida Strauss Geb Ruppel | Switching arrangement |
DE689916C (en) * | 1938-05-17 | 1940-04-09 | Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges | High-performance liquid switch with two interruption points in series |
FR905775A (en) * | 1943-07-05 | 1945-12-13 | Licentia Gmbh | Electrical switch with several cut-off points, in particular a compressed gas switch |
DE1465375A1 (en) * | 1964-06-13 | 1969-01-16 | Calor Emag Elek Zitaets Ag | Voltage separation point |
DE3030367A1 (en) * | 1980-07-18 | 1982-02-18 | BBC AG Brown, Boveri & Cie., 5401 Baden, Aargau | HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS |
EP0239783A2 (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-07 | AEG Sachsenwerk GmbH | High-tension electrical switch installation |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0758137A1 (en) * | 1995-08-08 | 1997-02-12 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Circuit breaking device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9203516A (en) | 1993-04-13 |
CN1070512A (en) | 1993-03-31 |
JPH05205581A (en) | 1993-08-13 |
CA2077928A1 (en) | 1993-03-12 |
FR2681185A1 (en) | 1993-03-12 |
FR2681185B1 (en) | 1995-01-13 |
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