EP0531260A1 - Muscle-powered watercraft - Google Patents

Muscle-powered watercraft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0531260A1
EP0531260A1 EP92810665A EP92810665A EP0531260A1 EP 0531260 A1 EP0531260 A1 EP 0531260A1 EP 92810665 A EP92810665 A EP 92810665A EP 92810665 A EP92810665 A EP 92810665A EP 0531260 A1 EP0531260 A1 EP 0531260A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
housing
watercraft
floating bodies
propeller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92810665A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0531260B1 (en
Inventor
August Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CESSIONE EPO;AUGUST SCHMID-STFTUNG ZURICH
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August Schmid-Stiftung Zuerich
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Publication of EP0531260A1 publication Critical patent/EP0531260A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H16/00—Marine propulsion by muscle power
    • B63H16/08—Other apparatus for converting muscle power into propulsive effort
    • B63H16/12—Other apparatus for converting muscle power into propulsive effort using hand levers, cranks, pedals, or the like, e.g. water cycles, boats propelled by boat-mounted pedal cycles
    • B63H16/14—Other apparatus for converting muscle power into propulsive effort using hand levers, cranks, pedals, or the like, e.g. water cycles, boats propelled by boat-mounted pedal cycles for propelled drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/125—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H16/00—Marine propulsion by muscle power
    • B63H16/08—Other apparatus for converting muscle power into propulsive effort
    • B63H16/20—Other apparatus for converting muscle power into propulsive effort using rotary cranking arm
    • B63H2016/202—Other apparatus for converting muscle power into propulsive effort using rotary cranking arm specially adapted or arranged for being actuated by the feet of the user, e.g. using bicycle-like pedals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a watercraft according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object to be achieved with the invention is to create a watercraft that is light and stable and can be disassembled and stored in a space-saving manner when not in use.
  • Damage to the parts protruding into the water can be prevented by two overload clutches, one of which responds to the direction of travel and the other to side obstacles.
  • 1-3 has three floating bodies 2 which are rigidly connected to one another by a frame 3 consisting of pipes and sleeves. To control this watercraft, there is a handlebar 4 with which the front floating body 2 can be pivoted.
  • a saddle 5 in the form of a conventional bicycle saddle is provided as the seat.
  • the frame contains a triangular first lying frame part connected to the floating bodies 2 with the tubes 6, 7 and 8. These tubes 6, 7 and 8 are each detachably inserted into a sleeve 9, 10 and 11.
  • a tube 25 extends vertically or inclined upwards towards the seat 5, into which a handlebar 27 rigidly connected to the handlebar 4 projects.
  • a joint 38 is connected to a horizontal axis 20, which runs transversely to the direction of travel, so that the front floating body 2 can perform a limited movement and thereby adapt to the swell.
  • a support strut 23 rigidly connected to the tube 25 is connected to a tube of the first frame part.
  • the pipe and sleeves are preferably made of light metal.
  • a pedal crank 16 provided with pedals 56, which is connected to a transmission gear 17.
  • This transmission gear 17 is located in a closed housing 26.
  • the gear 17 contains a pedal crank 16 connected large gear 18 which engages in a smaller gear 19.
  • Another headband 20, which drives a pinion 31 and a bevel gear 21 sits rigidly connected on its axis 29.
  • a bevel gear pinion 22 engaging in this is connected to a drive shaft 24 which projects obliquely downwards and carries a propeller 32 at its end.
  • the gear ratio is selected so that with a full revolution of the crank 16 per second on the propeller, a drive speed of about 1350 revolutions per minute arises.
  • To protect the propeller 32 it is surrounded by a drum 44 which is fastened to the horizontal tube by the linkage 46.
  • the three floating bodies 2 which are preferably identical to one another, are designed to be collapsible and preferably contain a collapsible plastic film which, when inflated, assumes the elongated torpedo shape shown in the drawing.
  • the floats 2 are each provided with a keel 40 on their underside. In the middle area, these floating bodies have a round cross-sectional shape, the diameter of which decreases towards the front and towards the rear.
  • the pipes and sleeves according to FIG. 6 - which only shows one of several plug connections - are designed to be pluggable into one another and are fixed by pins 30.
  • a flexible bracket 28 in the interior of the tube is connected to two coaxial pins 30, which are pressed outwards into bores 33 by a spring 41 located therebetween.
  • the pipe connection can be released without tools.
  • the frame can be easily separated and reassembled, the space requirement when disassembled is very small.
  • the floating bodies 2 also take up little space in the folded state. On in this way, a very space-saving design of this watercraft is possible when not in use, so that it can be easily transported and assembled at the desired location with little effort.
  • An embodiment variant consists in that at least one paddle wheel 35 is provided instead of a propeller, as can be seen from FIG. 4.
  • the drive between pedal crank 16 and paddle wheel hub 36 takes place via a chain 37.
  • the individual blades 39 can be inserted into the hub body and can be easily separated therefrom, whereby the space requirement in the disassembled state is small.
  • the formation of the blade wheel 35 is such that only the lower blade ends are in the water.
  • a curved protective hood 45 is provided at the top as protection against water splashes.
  • Another embodiment variant is that when using larger floating bodies, such a watercraft can be built as a tandem version, the seats being arranged side by side.
  • a child seat 48 can be attached to the support rod 25 for the handlebar 4, which can optionally be rotated.
  • a ladder 42 can be connected to the rear cross bar 8, which is preferably designed to be pivotable about the tube 8.
  • FIG. 7 to 9 show an embodiment variant of the drive device for the propeller.
  • a transmission gear which is moved by a pedal crank 16 in Rotation is offset.
  • a pedal 56 is rotatably attached to both sides of a cranked crank arm 54.
  • This pedal crank 16 is rotatably supported in two ball bearings 58 in the housing 50.
  • a first large spur gear 60 is non-rotatably connected to the pedal crank 16 and cooperates via a pinion 61 with a second spur gear 62 which is non-rotatably mounted on a shaft 64 which is rotatably mounted in the housing 50.
  • This spur gear 62 contains two ring gears 57, 59 with different diameters.
  • the one, larger ring gear 57 is in connection with a pinion 66, which is displaceable in the axial direction on a further shaft 68.
  • An axially displaceable sleeve 70 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to this pinion 66 and carries a pinion 72 of larger diameter for switching over to two different transmission ratios.
  • a first bevel gear 74 is located on the same shaft 68 and is in drive connection with a second bevel gear 76. This second bevel gear 76 is rotatably supported in a bearing 78.
  • the assembly 86 of the propeller 23 is rotatably connected to the shaft 80. So that the assembly 86 together with the propeller 23 can be separated from the housing 50, there is a coupling device 81 which contains at least one bolt 90 which can be engaged and disengaged in a bushing 84 by means of a resilient actuating lever 92.
  • the lower end of the shaft 80 engages in a bearing of the assembly 86 and carries a bevel gear 96 which is connected to a further bevel gear 98 of the propeller shaft 100 and is rotatably supported in the propeller housing 44.
  • a change in the transmission ratio is carried out by pivoting a hand lever 110 which is seated on an axle 114.
  • An eccentric 116 protrudes from the axis 114 an axial displacement of the sleeve 70 and thus of the two pinions 66, 72, so that either the pinion 66 or the pinion 72 comes into engagement with one of the ring gears 57, 59 of the spur gear 62.
  • the housing 50 can be pivoted about a horizontal axis 120 which runs transversely to the direction of travel A. There are at least three different locking positions for the position of the housing 50 and thus the propeller, namely a normal first position with the notch 124 for driving the propeller 23 in the water, a second position with the notch 125 in shallow water and one third position with the detent 126, in which the propeller protrudes completely from the water.
  • An extension 122 protrudes from the housing 50 and is provided with at least three notches 124, 125, 126.
  • the other end of the tension spring 130 is suspended in a lever 133 pivotable about an axis 135.
  • the position of this lever 133 and thus the pretension of this tension spring 130 can be adjusted by means of an adjusting screw 132. In this way, the force can be selected which is necessary so that the latch lever 128, which is pivotable about an axis 134, can disengage from the catches.
  • this adjusting screw 132 the release force can be adjusted to the weight of the person on the watercraft.
  • Another overload protection device 145 is that if there is a side obstacle, the housing 50 together with the propeller 23 can pivot away to the side.
  • a horizontal shaft 140 on which a pipe section 142 is located.
  • This shaft 140 extends in the direction of travel B.
  • the housing 50 together with the propeller 23 can be pivoted about this horizontal shaft 140.
  • An arm 144 is rigidly connected to the pipe section 142, at the end of which there is a groove 146, into which - according to FIGS. 12 and 13 - the lug 148 of a coupling piece 150 of a claw coupling 151 engages.
  • This coupling piece 148 is rotatable about an inclined shaft 152 and carries an actuating wing 154 for manual reset.
  • This coupling piece 150 contains cams 160 which engage in corresponding recesses in a sleeve 162.
  • This sleeve 162 is loaded by a helical spring 164 and can be more or less pretensioned by means of a threaded sleeve 166. In this way, the force that is required so that the cams 160 disengage and the coupling piece 150 can pivot can be adjusted.
  • a force acting laterally on the housing 150 or on the propeller housing 44 exceeds a predetermined value, this causes the lug 148 to pivot out of the groove and the entire drive device, including the housing 50 and propeller 23, can therefore perform a pivoting movement in order to damage the Avoid drive device.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)

Abstract

Three floating bodies (2) are connected to a tubular frame part (6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14). The front floating body (2) is provided with a pivotable handlebar (4) for steering. The tubes are releasably inserted into sockets (9, 10, 11). A propeller (32) is driven by means of a pedal crank (16) via a transmission (17). The tubular frame can be dismantled and the floating bodies (2) folded up so that the watercraft only takes up a little space when not in use. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Wasserfahrzeug nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a watercraft according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es sind bereits durch Pedalantrieb vorwärtsbewegte Wasserfahrzeuge bekannt, die indessen relativ schwer sind, die sich nicht zusammenlegen lassen und somit sperrig sind.Watercraft which are moved forward by pedal drive are already known, but they are relatively heavy, cannot be folded up and are therefore bulky.

Es ist zudem ein Wasserfahrzeug mit einem Sattel bekannt, bei dem ein vorderer Schwimmkörper lenkbar ist und zwei hintere Schwimmkörper eine luftreifenartige Form haben, an denen zur Fortbewegung Schaufeln befestigt sind, die durch Pedalantrieb über eine kette angetrieben werden.There is also known a watercraft with a saddle, in which a front floating body is steerable and two rear floating bodies have a pneumatic tire-like shape, to which blades are attached for movement, which are driven by a pedal drive via a chain.

Die mit der Erfindung zu lösende Aufgabe besteht darin, ein Wasserfahrzeug zu schaffen, das leicht und stabil ist und sich im Nichtgebrauchszustand raumsparend zerlegen und platzsparend aufbewahren lässt.The object to be achieved with the invention is to create a watercraft that is light and stable and can be disassembled and stored in a space-saving manner when not in use.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichen des Patentanspruches 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Dadurch ist es möglich ein fahrradähnliches Wasserfahrzeug zu schaffen, das mit wenigen Handgriffen zusammengebaut und zerlegt werden kann und sich leicht platzsparend transportieren und aufbewahren lässt.This makes it possible to create a bicycle-like watercraft that can be assembled and disassembled in a few simple steps and can be easily transported and stored in a space-saving manner.

Beschädigungen der in das Wasser hineinragenden Teile lassen sich durch zwei Ueberlastkupplungen verhindern, von denen die eine auf in Fahrtrichtung und die andere auf seitliche Hindernisse anspricht.Damage to the parts protruding into the water can be prevented by two overload clutches, one of which responds to the direction of travel and the other to side obstacles.

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 das Wasserfahrzeug von der Seite
  • Fig. 2 das Wasserfahrzeug von oben
  • Fig. 3 das Wasserfahrzeug von hinten
  • Fig. 4 eine Ausführungsvariante mit einem Schaufelrad
  • Fig. 5 eine Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform des Getriebes mit Tretkurbel
  • Fig. 6 einen Schnitt durch lösbar ineinandergreifende Rohre mit federbelasteten Sicherungsstiften
  • Fig. 7 einen Längsschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform des Getriebes mit Tretkurbel
  • Fig. 8 einen Schnitt durch den Propeller mit zugeordnetem Kegelradgetriebe
  • Fig. 9 einen Schnitt durch das Getriebegehäuse
  • Fig. 10 einen Schnitt durch die Ueberlastsicherungsorgane zur seitlichen Verschwenkung der Antriebsorgane
  • Fig. 11 einen Querschnitt durch die Ueberlastsicherungsorgane zur Verschwenkung der Antriebsorgane
  • Fig. 12 einen Schnitt nach der Linie XII - XII in Fig.13
  • Fig. 13 einen Schnitt nach der Linie X - X in Fig. 10
Exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows the watercraft from the side
  • Fig. 2 shows the watercraft from above
  • Fig. 3 shows the watercraft from behind
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment variant with a paddle wheel
  • Fig. 5 is a view of a first embodiment of the transmission with a crank
  • Fig. 6 shows a section through detachably interlocking pipes with spring-loaded locking pins
  • Fig. 7 shows a longitudinal section through a second embodiment of the transmission with crank
  • Fig. 8 shows a section through the propeller with associated bevel gear
  • Fig. 9 shows a section through the gear housing
  • Fig. 10 shows a section through the overload protection members for lateral pivoting of the drive members
  • 11 shows a cross section through the overload protection elements for pivoting the drive elements
  • Fig. 12 is a section along the line XII - XII in Fig.13
  • 13 shows a section along the line X - X in FIG. 10

Das Wasserfahrzeug gemäss den Fig. 1-3 weist drei Schwimmkörper 2 auf, die untereinander durch ein aus Rohren und Muffen bestehendes Gestell 3 starr miteinander verbunden sind. Zur Steuerung dieses Wasserfahrzeuges ist ein Lenker 4 vorhanden, mit dem der vordere Schwimmkörper 2 verschwenkt werden kann. Als Sitz ist ein Sattel 5 in Form eines üblichen Fahrradsattels vorgesehen. DAs Gestellt enthält einen dreieckförmigen ersten liegenden, mit den Schwimmkörpern 2 verbundenen Rahmenteil mit den Rohren 6,7 und 8. Diese Rohre 6,7 und 8 sind je in eine Muffe 9,10 und 11 lösbar eingesteckt. Ferner ist ein zweiter, bockartiger Rahmenteil mit den drei Rohren 12,13 und 14 vorhanden, der von einer Sattelmuffe 15 aus dreibeinig nach unten ragt, wobei die drei Beine - von oben gesehen - je einen Winkel von etwa 120° zueinander einschliessen. Die Enden dieser Rohre 12,13 und 14 sind ebenfalls lösbar in Muffen 9,10 und 11 eingesetzt. Von der Muffe 9 erstreckt sich ein Rohr 25 vertikal oder gegen den Sitz 5 hin geneigt nach oben, in das eine mit dem Lenker 4 starr verbundene Lenkerstange 27 hineinragt. Mit der Muffe 9 ist ein Gelenk 38 mit einer horizontalen Achse 20 verbunden, die quer zur Fahrtrichtung verläuft, sodass der vordere Schwimmkörper 2 eine begrenzte Bewegung ausführen und sich dadurch dem Wellengang anpasen kann. Eine mit dem Rohr 25 starr verbundene Stützstrebe 23 ist mit einem Rohr des ersten Rahmenteiles verbunden. Die Rohr und die Muffen bestehen vorzugsweise aus Leichtmetall.1-3 has three floating bodies 2 which are rigidly connected to one another by a frame 3 consisting of pipes and sleeves. To control this watercraft, there is a handlebar 4 with which the front floating body 2 can be pivoted. A saddle 5 in the form of a conventional bicycle saddle is provided as the seat. The frame contains a triangular first lying frame part connected to the floating bodies 2 with the tubes 6, 7 and 8. These tubes 6, 7 and 8 are each detachably inserted into a sleeve 9, 10 and 11. There is also a second, trestle-like frame part with the three tubes 12, 13 and 14, which projects downwards on three legs from a saddle sleeve 15, the three legs - viewed from above - each forming an angle of approximately 120 ° to one another. The ends of these tubes 12, 13 and 14 are also detachably inserted in sleeves 9, 10 and 11. From the sleeve 9, a tube 25 extends vertically or inclined upwards towards the seat 5, into which a handlebar 27 rigidly connected to the handlebar 4 projects. With the sleeve 9, a joint 38 is connected to a horizontal axis 20, which runs transversely to the direction of travel, so that the front floating body 2 can perform a limited movement and thereby adapt to the swell. A support strut 23 rigidly connected to the tube 25 is connected to a tube of the first frame part. The pipe and sleeves are preferably made of light metal.

Unterhalb des Sattels 5 befindet sich eine mit Pedalen 56 versehene Tretkurbel 16, die mit einem Uebersetzungsgetriebe 17 verbunden ist. Dieses Uebersetzungsgetriebe 17 befindet sich in einem geschlossenen Gehäuse 26. Das Getriebe 17 enthält gemäss Figur 5 ein mit der Tretkurbel 16 verbundenes grosses Zahnrad 18, das in ein kleineres Zahnrad 19 eingreift. Auf dessen Achse 29 sitzt starr verbunden ein weiteres Stirnband 20, welches ein Ritzel 31 und ein kegelrad 21 antreibt. Ein in dieses eingreifendes kegelradritzel 22 ist mit einer Antriebswelle 24 verbunden, welche schräg nach unten ragt und an ihrem Ende einen Propeller 32 trägt. Das Uebersetzungsverhältnis ist so gewählt, dass bei einer vollen Umdrehung der Tretkurbel 16 pro Sekunde am Propeller eine Antriebsdrehzahl von etwa 1350 Umdrehungen pro Minute entsteht. Zum Schutz des Propellers 32 ist dieser von einer Trommel 44 umgeben, die durch das Gestänge 46 am horizontalen Rohr befestigt ist.Below the saddle 5 there is a pedal crank 16 provided with pedals 56, which is connected to a transmission gear 17. This transmission gear 17 is located in a closed housing 26. According to FIG. 5, the gear 17 contains a pedal crank 16 connected large gear 18 which engages in a smaller gear 19. Another headband 20, which drives a pinion 31 and a bevel gear 21, sits rigidly connected on its axis 29. A bevel gear pinion 22 engaging in this is connected to a drive shaft 24 which projects obliquely downwards and carries a propeller 32 at its end. The gear ratio is selected so that with a full revolution of the crank 16 per second on the propeller, a drive speed of about 1350 revolutions per minute arises. To protect the propeller 32, it is surrounded by a drum 44 which is fastened to the horizontal tube by the linkage 46.

Die drei untereinander vorzugsweise gleichen Schwimmkörper 2 sind zusammenlegbar ausgebildet und enthalten vorzugsweise eine zusammenfaltbare kunststoff-Folie, die im aufgeblasenen Zustand die aus der Zeichnung ersichtliche längliche Torpedoform annimmt. Die Schwimmkörper 2 sind auf ihrer Unterseite je mit einem kiel 40 versehen. Im Mittelbereich haben diese Schwimmkörper eine runde Querschnittsform, deren Durchmesser sich gegen vorne und gegen hinten vermindert.The three floating bodies 2, which are preferably identical to one another, are designed to be collapsible and preferably contain a collapsible plastic film which, when inflated, assumes the elongated torpedo shape shown in the drawing. The floats 2 are each provided with a keel 40 on their underside. In the middle area, these floating bodies have a round cross-sectional shape, the diameter of which decreases towards the front and towards the rear.

Die Rohre und Muffen gemäss Figur 6 - welche lediglich eine von mehreren Steckverbindungen zeigt - sind ineinandersteckbar ausgebildet und werden durch Stifte 30 fixiert. Ein flexibler Bügel 28 im Innern des Rohres ist mit zwei koaxial verlaufenden Stiften 30 verbunden, die durch eine dazwischen liegende Feder 41 nach aussen in Bohrungen 33 gepresst werden. Durch Eindrücken der beiden Stifte 30 von Hand lässt sich die Rohrverbindung werkzeuglos lösen. Somit kann das Gestell leicht getrennt und wieder zusammengesetzt werden, wobei der Platzbedarf im zerlegten Zustand sehr gering ist. Auch die Schwimmkörper 2 nehmen im zusammengefalteten Zustand nur wenig Platz ein. Auf diese Weise ist eine sehr raumsparende Ausbildung dieses Wasserfahrzeuges im Nichtgebrauchszustand möglich, sodass es sich leicht transportieren und am gewünschten Ort mit geringem Aufwand zusammensetzen lässt.The pipes and sleeves according to FIG. 6 - which only shows one of several plug connections - are designed to be pluggable into one another and are fixed by pins 30. A flexible bracket 28 in the interior of the tube is connected to two coaxial pins 30, which are pressed outwards into bores 33 by a spring 41 located therebetween. By pushing the two pins 30 in by hand, the pipe connection can be released without tools. Thus, the frame can be easily separated and reassembled, the space requirement when disassembled is very small. The floating bodies 2 also take up little space in the folded state. On in this way, a very space-saving design of this watercraft is possible when not in use, so that it can be easily transported and assembled at the desired location with little effort.

Eine Ausführungsvariante besteht darin, dass an Stelle eines Propellers mindestens ein Schaufelrad 35 vorgesehen wird, wie dies aus Figur 4 hervorgeht. Vorzugsweise sind zwei auf der gleichen Welle 36 sitzende Schaufelräder 35 vorhanden, zwischen denen sich ein kettenrad 43 befindet. Der Antrieb zwischen Tretkurbel 16 und Schaufelradnabe 36 erfolgt über eine kette 37. Die einzelnen Schaufeln 39 sind in den Nabenkörper einsteckbar und können v on diesem leicht getrennt werden, wodurch der Platzbedarf im zerlegten Zustand gering ist. Die Ausbildung des Schaufelrades 35 ist so getroffen, dass sich jeweils nur die unteren Schaufelenden im Wasser befinden. Als Schutz gegen Wasserspritzer ist oben eine gewölbte Schutzhaube 45 vorhanden.
Eine weitere Ausführungsvariante besteht darin, dass bei Verwendung grösserer Schwimmkörper ein solches Wasserfahrzeug als Tandemausführung gebaut werden kann, wobei die Sitze nebeneinander angeordnet werden.An embodiment variant consists in that at least one paddle wheel 35 is provided instead of a propeller, as can be seen from FIG. 4. There are preferably two paddle wheels 35 seated on the same shaft 36, between which there is a chain wheel 43. The drive between pedal crank 16 and paddle wheel hub 36 takes place via a chain 37. The individual blades 39 can be inserted into the hub body and can be easily separated therefrom, whereby the space requirement in the disassembled state is small. The formation of the blade wheel 35 is such that only the lower blade ends are in the water. A curved protective hood 45 is provided at the top as protection against water splashes.
Another embodiment variant is that when using larger floating bodies, such a watercraft can be built as a tandem version, the seats being arranged side by side.

Auf der Vorderseite kann bei der Stützstange 25 für den Lenker 4 ein kindersitz 48 befestigt werden, der gegebenenfalls drehbar sein kann. Ferner kann - gemäss Figur 3 - mit der hinteren Querstange 8 eine Aufstiegsleiter 42 verbunden werden, die vorzugsweise um das Rohr 8 schwenkbar ausgeführt wird.On the front, a child seat 48 can be attached to the support rod 25 for the handlebar 4, which can optionally be rotated. Furthermore, according to FIG. 3, a ladder 42 can be connected to the rear cross bar 8, which is preferably designed to be pivotable about the tube 8.

In den Fig. 7 bis 9 ist eine Ausführungsvariante der Antriebseinrichtung für den Propeller dargestellt. Im Innern eines zweiteiligen Gehäuses 50 befindet sich ein Uebersetzungsgetriebe, das von einer Tretkurbel 16 in Drehung versetzt wird. An einem abgekröpften kurbelarm 54 ist auf beiden Seiten je eine Pedale 56 drehbar befestigt. Diese Tretkurbel 16 ist in zwei kugellagern 58 im Gehäuse 50 drehbar abgestützt. Mit der Tretkurbel 16 ist ein erstes grosses Stirnrad 60 drehfest verbunden und wirkt über ein Ritzel 61 mit einem zweiten Stirnrad 62 zusammen, welches drehfest auf einer Welle 64 sitzt, die im Gehäuse 50 drehbar gelagert ist. Dieses Stirnrad 62 enthält zwei Zahnkränze 57,59 mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern. Der eine, grössere Zahnkranz 57 ist in Verbindung mit einem Ritzel 66, welches in Axialrichtung verschiebbar auf einer weiteren Welle 68 sitzt. Mit diesem Ritzel 66 ist eine axial verschiebbare Hülse 70 drehfest verbunden und trägt ein im Durchmesser grösseres Ritzel 72 für die Umschaltung auf zwei unterschiedliche Uebersetzungsverhältnisse. Auf der gleichen Welle 68 befindet sich ein erstes kegelrad 74, das mit einem zweiten kegelrad 76 in Antriebsverbindung steht. Dieses zweite kegelrad 76 ist in einem Lager 78 drehbar abgestützt.7 to 9 show an embodiment variant of the drive device for the propeller. In the interior of a two-part housing 50 there is a transmission gear, which is moved by a pedal crank 16 in Rotation is offset. A pedal 56 is rotatably attached to both sides of a cranked crank arm 54. This pedal crank 16 is rotatably supported in two ball bearings 58 in the housing 50. A first large spur gear 60 is non-rotatably connected to the pedal crank 16 and cooperates via a pinion 61 with a second spur gear 62 which is non-rotatably mounted on a shaft 64 which is rotatably mounted in the housing 50. This spur gear 62 contains two ring gears 57, 59 with different diameters. The one, larger ring gear 57 is in connection with a pinion 66, which is displaceable in the axial direction on a further shaft 68. An axially displaceable sleeve 70 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to this pinion 66 and carries a pinion 72 of larger diameter for switching over to two different transmission ratios. A first bevel gear 74 is located on the same shaft 68 and is in drive connection with a second bevel gear 76. This second bevel gear 76 is rotatably supported in a bearing 78.

Mit der Welle 80 ist das Aggregat 86 des Propellers 23 drehbar verbunden. Damit das Aggregat 86 samt Propeller 23 vom Gehäuse 50 getrennt werden kann, ist eine kupplungsvorrichtung 81 vorhanden, welche mindestens einen Bolzen 90 enthält, der mittels eines federnden Betätigungshebels 92 in eine Buchse 84 ein- und ausrastbar ist.The assembly 86 of the propeller 23 is rotatably connected to the shaft 80. So that the assembly 86 together with the propeller 23 can be separated from the housing 50, there is a coupling device 81 which contains at least one bolt 90 which can be engaged and disengaged in a bushing 84 by means of a resilient actuating lever 92.

Das untere Ende der Welle 80 greift in ein Lager des Aggregates 86 ein und trägt ein kegelrad 96, das mit einem weiteren kegelrad 98 der Propellerwelle 100 verbunden ist und im Propellergehäuse 44 drehbar abgestützt ist.The lower end of the shaft 80 engages in a bearing of the assembly 86 and carries a bevel gear 96 which is connected to a further bevel gear 98 of the propeller shaft 100 and is rotatably supported in the propeller housing 44.

Wie aus Fig. 9 ersichtlich ist, wird ein Wechsel des Uebersetzungsverhältnisses durchgeführt, indem ein Handhebel 110, der auf eine Achser 114 sitzt, verschwenkt wird. Ein von der Achse 114 abragender Exzenter 116 bewirkt dabei eine axiale Verschiebung der Hülse 70 und damit der beiden Ritzel 66,72, sodass entweder das Ritzel 66 oder das Ritzel 72 mit einem der Zahnkränze 57,59 des Stirnrades 62 in Eingriff gelangt.As can be seen from FIG. 9, a change in the transmission ratio is carried out by pivoting a hand lever 110 which is seated on an axle 114. An eccentric 116 protrudes from the axis 114 an axial displacement of the sleeve 70 and thus of the two pinions 66, 72, so that either the pinion 66 or the pinion 72 comes into engagement with one of the ring gears 57, 59 of the spur gear 62.

Das Gehäuse 50 ist um eine horizontale Achse 120 schwenkbar, die quer zur Fahrtrichtung A verläuft. Es sind mindestens drei verschiedene Rast-Stellungen für die Lage des Gehäuses 50 und damit des Propellers vorgesehen, nämlich eine normale erste Stellung mit der Raste 124 für den Antrieb des Propellers 23 im Wasser, eine zweite Stellung mit der Raste 125 bei seichtem Gewässer und eine dritte Stellung mit der Raste 126, bei welcher der Propeller ganz aus dem Wasser herausragt.The housing 50 can be pivoted about a horizontal axis 120 which runs transversely to the direction of travel A. There are at least three different locking positions for the position of the housing 50 and thus the propeller, namely a normal first position with the notch 124 for driving the propeller 23 in the water, a second position with the notch 125 in shallow water and one third position with the detent 126, in which the propeller protrudes completely from the water.

Ferner ist eine Ueberlastsicherung vorhanden, mit welcher bewirkt wird, dass beim Auffahren auf ein Hindernis diese Sicherung ausrastet und dadurch das Gehäuse 50 samt Propeller 23 hochgeschwenkt wird. Diese Ueberlastsicherung ist ind den Fig. 10 und 11 näher erläutert.Furthermore, there is an overload safety device, with which it is caused that this safety device disengages when it hits an obstacle and the housing 50 together with the propeller 23 is thereby pivoted up. This overload protection is explained in more detail in FIGS. 10 and 11.

Vom Gehäuse 50 ragt ein Ansatz 122 ab, der mit mindestens drei Rasten 124,125,126 versehen ist. Mit diesen Rasten 124,125,126 wirkt ein klinkenhebel 128 zusammen, der durch eine Zugfeder 130 belastet ist. Das andere Ende der Zugfeder 130 ist in einen um eine Achse 135 schwenkbaren Hebel 133 eingehängt. Mittels einer Stellschraube 132 kann die Lage dieses Hebels 133 und damit die Vorspannung dieser Zugfeder 130 eingestellt werden. Dadurch kann die kraft gewählt werden, welche notwendig ist, damit der um eine Achse 134 schwenkbare klinkenhebel 128 aus den Rasten ausrasten kann. Mittels dieser Stellschraube 132 kann die Auslösekraft auf das Gewicht der sich auf dem Wasserfahrzeug befindlichen Person eingestellt werden.An extension 122 protrudes from the housing 50 and is provided with at least three notches 124, 125, 126. A ratchet lever 128, which is loaded by a tension spring 130, interacts with these catches 124, 125, 126. The other end of the tension spring 130 is suspended in a lever 133 pivotable about an axis 135. The position of this lever 133 and thus the pretension of this tension spring 130 can be adjusted by means of an adjusting screw 132. In this way, the force can be selected which is necessary so that the latch lever 128, which is pivotable about an axis 134, can disengage from the catches. By means of this adjusting screw 132, the release force can be adjusted to the weight of the person on the watercraft.

Eine weitere Ueberlastsicherung 145 besteht darin, dass bei einem seitlichen Hindernis das Gehäuse 50 samt Propeller 23 seitlich wegschwenken kann. Zu diesem Zwecke ist eine horizontale Welle 140 vorhanden, auf der sich ein Rohrstück 142 befindet. Diese Welle 140 erstreckt sich in Fahrtrichtung B. Das Gehäuse 50 samt dem Propeller 23 sind um diese horizontale Welle 140 schwenkbar. Mit dem Rohrstück 142 ist ein Arm 144 starr verbunden, an dessen Ende sich eine Nut 146 befindet, in die - gemäss den Fig. 12 und 13 - die Nase 148 eines kupplungsstückes 150 einer klauenkupplung 151 einrastet. Dieses kupplungsstück 148 ist um eine schräge Welle 152 drehbar und trägt einen Betätigungsflügel 154 zur Rückstellung von Hand. Die Stirnfläche dieses kupplungsstückes 150 enthält Nocken 160, welche in entsprechende Ausnehmungen einer Hülse 162 eingreifen. Diese Hülse 162 ist durch eine Wendelfeder 164 belastet und kann mittels einer Gewindehülse 166 mehr oder weniger vorgespannt werden. Auf diese Weise lässt sich die kraft einstellen, welche benötigt wird, damit die Nocken 160 ausrasten und sich das kupplungsstück 150 verschwenken kann. Wenn somit eine seitlich auf das Gehäuse 150 oder auf das Propellergehäuse 44 wirkende kraft einen vorbestimmten Wert übersteigt, bewirkt dies, dass die Nase 148 aus der Nut ausschwenkt und dadurch die ganze Antriebsvorrichtung samt Gehäuse 50 und Propeller 23 eine Schwenkbewegung ausführen kann, um Beschädigungen der Antriebsvorrichtung zu vermeiden.Another overload protection device 145 is that if there is a side obstacle, the housing 50 together with the propeller 23 can pivot away to the side. For this purpose there is a horizontal shaft 140 on which a pipe section 142 is located. This shaft 140 extends in the direction of travel B. The housing 50 together with the propeller 23 can be pivoted about this horizontal shaft 140. An arm 144 is rigidly connected to the pipe section 142, at the end of which there is a groove 146, into which - according to FIGS. 12 and 13 - the lug 148 of a coupling piece 150 of a claw coupling 151 engages. This coupling piece 148 is rotatable about an inclined shaft 152 and carries an actuating wing 154 for manual reset. The end face of this coupling piece 150 contains cams 160 which engage in corresponding recesses in a sleeve 162. This sleeve 162 is loaded by a helical spring 164 and can be more or less pretensioned by means of a threaded sleeve 166. In this way, the force that is required so that the cams 160 disengage and the coupling piece 150 can pivot can be adjusted. Thus, if a force acting laterally on the housing 150 or on the propeller housing 44 exceeds a predetermined value, this causes the lug 148 to pivot out of the groove and the entire drive device, including the housing 50 and propeller 23, can therefore perform a pivoting movement in order to damage the Avoid drive device.

Claims (10)

Wasserfahrzeug mit Muskelantrieb und mit einem Gestell, an dem mindestens drei Schwimmkörper befestigt sind, von denen deren zwei zueinander parallel verlaufen und der dritte lenkbar ist und mit mindestens einem über den Schwimmkörpern angeordneten, mit dem Gestell verbundenen Sitz, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schwimmkörper als längliche, mit dem Gestell lösbar verbundene Körper ausgebildet sind und das Gestell ein zerlegbares Gestell, insbesondere ein Rohrgestell (3) ist.Watercraft with muscle drive and with a frame on which at least three floating bodies are fastened, two of which run parallel to one another and the third is steerable and with at least one seat arranged above the floating bodies and connected to the frame, characterized in that the floating bodies as elongated bodies are formed which are detachably connected to the frame and the frame is a frame which can be dismantled, in particular a tubular frame (3). Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gestell einen ersten, liegenden, dreieckförmigen, die Schwimmkörper (2) verbindenden Rahmenteil (6,7,8) sowie einen den Sitz (5) tragenden, bockartigen Rahmenteil mit mindestens drei Beinen (12,13,14) aufweist und die Rahmenteile durch Muffen (9,10,11) miteinander verbunden sind.Watercraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame has a first, lying, triangular frame part (6, 7, 8) connecting the floating bodies (2) and a trestle-like frame part with at least three legs (12, 12) supporting the seat (5). 13, 14) and the frame parts are connected to one another by sleeves (9, 10, 11). Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Muskelantrieb ein Tretkurbelantrieb (16) ist, der mit einem Uebersetzungsgetriebe (17) verbunden ist, das mit einer einen Propeller (23) tragenden, zwischen zwei hinteren Schwimmkörpern (2) befindlichen Welle (24) zusammenwirkt.Watercraft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the muscle drive is a pedal crank drive (16) which is connected to a transmission gear (17) which is connected to a shaft (2) carrying a propeller (23) and located between two rear floating bodies (2). 24) interacts. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Muffen werkzeuglos lösbare Steckmuffen (9,10,11,15) sind und im Rohrinnern federnd abgestützte Bolzen (30) vorhanden sind, die in Bohrungen (33) der Rohr und Muffen eingreifen und diese lösbar miteinander verbinden.Watercraft according to one of claims 1-3, characterized characterized in that the sleeves are plug-in sleeves (9, 10, 11, 15) which can be detached without tools and there are resiliently supported bolts (30) in the interior of the tube which engage in bores (33) in the tube and sleeves and releasably connect them to one another. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schwimmkörper (2) zusammenlegbar sind und eine torpedoartige Form mit einem Kiel (40) haben.Watercraft according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the floating bodies (2) are collapsible and have a torpedo-like shape with a keel (40). Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1,2,4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tretkurbelantrieb (16) über eine Kette (37) mit mindestens einem zwischen den hinteren Schwimmkörpern (2) angeordnetes Schaufelrad (35) bewegungsverbunden ist, und lösbar auf eine Nabe (36) eingesetzte Schaufeln (39) vorhanden sind.Watercraft according to one of claims 1, 2, 4 or 5, characterized in that the pedal crank drive (16) is motionally connected via a chain (37) to at least one paddle wheel (35) arranged between the rear floating bodies (2), and releasably to one Hubs (36) inserted blades (39) are present. Wasserfahrzeug insbesondere nach einem der Ansprüche 1-6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein in einem Gehäuse (50) angeordnetes Uebersetzungsgetriebe (17) vorhanden ist, das über eine Antriebswelle (80) mit einem Propeller (23) antriebsverbunden ist und das Gehäuse (50) samt Propeller (23) um eine horizontale, quer zur Fortbewegungsrichtung verlaufende Schwenkachse (120) in Vertikalrichtung schwenkbar istWatercraft in particular according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that there is a transmission gear (17) arranged in a housing (50), which is drive-connected to a propeller (23) via a drive shaft (80) and the housing (50) together with the propeller (23) can be pivoted in the vertical direction about a horizontal pivot axis (120) extending transversely to the direction of travel Wasserfahrzeug, insbesondere nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit dem Gehäuse (50) eine mit Rasten (124) versehene Scheibe (122) starr verbunden ist, in welche ein federbelasteter Rasthebel (128) eingreift, dessen Vorspannung zur Veränderung der Ausrastbelastung durch Verstellorgane (132) einstellbar ist und die Schwenkachse (120) des Gehäuses (50) von der Achse der Tretkurbel (16) distanziert ist.Watercraft, in particular according to claim 7, characterized in that the housing (50) is rigidly connected to a disc (122) which is provided with catches (124) and into which a spring-loaded latching lever (128) engages, the pretensioning of which for changing the disengagement load by adjusting members (132) is adjustable and the pivot axis (120) of the housing (50) is distanced from the axis of the pedal crank (16). Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennnet, das das Gehäuse (50) mit einer zweiten Ueberlastsicherung versehen ist, die eine Schwenkbewegung um eine quer zur ersten Achse (120) angeordnete horizontale zweite Achse (14) ermöglicht.Vessel according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the housing (50) is provided with a second overload protection device which enables a pivoting movement about a horizontal second axis (14) arranged transversely to the first axis (120). Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (50) samt Propeller (23) um eine Schwenkachse (120) für die Vertikalbewegung quer verlaufende Achse (140) drehbar ist, und mit dem Gehäuse (50) ein Arm (144) starr verbunden ist, dessen freies Ende mit einer einstellbaren Ausrasteinrichtung (145) zusammenwirkt, wobei die Ausrastvorrichtung (145) zwischen dem Arm (144) und einem drehbaren Kupplungsteil (150) eine lösbare Kupplung (146,148) aufweist und mit dem drehbaren Kupplungsteil (150) eine federbelastete Klauenkupplung (151) zusammenwirkt, wobei die Vorspannung der Feder (164) durch eine Verstelleinrichtung (166) zur Einstellung der Ausrastbelastung veränderbar ist.Watercraft according to claim 9, characterized in that the housing (50) together with the propeller (23) is rotatable about a pivot axis (120) for the vertical movement transverse axis (140), and with the housing (50) an arm (144) rigid is connected, the free end of which cooperates with an adjustable latching device (145), the latching device (145) having a releasable coupling (146, 148) between the arm (144) and a rotatable coupling part (150) and one with the rotatable coupling part (150) spring-loaded claw coupling (151) cooperates, the pretensioning of the spring (164) being adjustable by an adjusting device (166) for setting the disengagement load.
EP92810665A 1991-09-02 1992-08-31 Muscle-powered watercraft Expired - Lifetime EP0531260B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2566/91 1991-09-02
CH256691 1991-09-02
CA002080100A CA2080100C (en) 1991-09-02 1992-10-07 Humanly operable, recreational, readily disassemblable water cycle
AU26304/92A AU656029B2 (en) 1991-09-02 1992-10-08 Humanly operable, recreational, readily disassemblable water cycle
US07/963,114 US5308268A (en) 1991-09-02 1992-10-19 Humanly operable, recreational, readily disassemblable water cycle

Publications (2)

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EP0531260A1 true EP0531260A1 (en) 1993-03-10
EP0531260B1 EP0531260B1 (en) 1995-05-17

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EP92810665A Expired - Lifetime EP0531260B1 (en) 1991-09-02 1992-08-31 Muscle-powered watercraft

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US (1) US5308268A (en)
EP (1) EP0531260B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE122629T1 (en)
AU (1) AU656029B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2080100C (en)
DE (1) DE59202216D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2073902T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE122629T1 (en) 1995-06-15
EP0531260B1 (en) 1995-05-17
ES2073902T3 (en) 1995-08-16
US5308268A (en) 1994-05-03
AU2630492A (en) 1994-04-21
CA2080100C (en) 1998-01-20
CA2080100A1 (en) 1994-04-08
DE59202216D1 (en) 1995-06-22
AU656029B2 (en) 1995-01-19

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