EP0521973B1 - Process for laying a nonwoven or the like and nonwoven laying device - Google Patents

Process for laying a nonwoven or the like and nonwoven laying device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0521973B1
EP0521973B1 EP91906799A EP91906799A EP0521973B1 EP 0521973 B1 EP0521973 B1 EP 0521973B1 EP 91906799 A EP91906799 A EP 91906799A EP 91906799 A EP91906799 A EP 91906799A EP 0521973 B1 EP0521973 B1 EP 0521973B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carriage
laying
nonwoven
speed
tensioning
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP91906799A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0521973A1 (en
Inventor
Eduard Hille
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Hollingsworth GmbH
Hergeth Hollingsworth GmbH
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Hollingsworth GmbH
Hergeth Hollingsworth GmbH
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Priority to EP94104338A priority Critical patent/EP0609907B1/en
Publication of EP0521973A1 publication Critical patent/EP0521973A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G25/00—Lap-forming devices not integral with machines specified above
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for depositing a fleece or the like. According to the preamble of the main claim and a method according to the preamble of claim 12.
  • Such fleece tape layers are used, in particular, to lay down nonwovens, fibrous webs, spunbonded fabrics or the like supplied by a card or the like on an outfeed belt moved at a predetermined variable speed.
  • the nonwoven fabric fed by the card is transported on a feed belt driven at a predetermined speed.
  • the nonwoven fabric is usually at least partially transported between two conveyor belts that move at the same speed.
  • These conveyor belts are designed as endless conveyor belts. In order to deposit the fiber fleece as evenly as possible, such fleece belt layers require carriages in which deflection rollers for the conveyor belts are mounted.
  • the sudden change in speed of the wagons can cause an irregular warping of the nonwoven fabric, because of the time-dependent adjustment of the wagon and belt speeds due to the suspension of the frame and the working elements. With a sudden acceleration therefore the fleece cannot immediately follow the conveyor belts.
  • the nonwoven belt layer it is important to control the conveyor belts and carriages relative to one another in such a way that the most uniform possible storage is possible.
  • a nonwoven band layer is known in which the uppercarriage and the laying carriage have a common or separate drive which moves the carriages at different speeds in the opposite direction.
  • the uppercarriage always runs at half the speed of the laying carriage and covers half the distance of the laying carriage.
  • the drive is designed as a servo drive and connected to a freely programmable control. The speed of the cars can thus be changed as desired via their route, the acceleration phases in the reversal points of the travel movement being able to be influenced as desired.
  • the exit speed of the fleece always corresponds to the fleece inlet speed.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a method for depositing nonwoven tapes or the like and a nonwoven tape layer in such a way that the nonwoven also has a delay (positive delay) at laying speeds below the belt infeed speed and also a compression (negative delay) at laying speeds above the belt infeed speed can be filed.
  • the laying carriage speed can be set to a higher or lower speed relative to the running-in speed of the fleece in order to compress or stretch the fleece when it is laid down. Intermediate values or non-uniform warping or upsetting over the laying width can also be set. In extreme cases, it is also possible to change the fleece exit speed on the laying carriage towards zero. It is important here that the fleece can be deposited with delay even at laying speeds below the strip inlet speed and also with compression at laying speeds above the strip inlet speed.
  • the invention advantageously makes it possible to work with a delay even in the reversal areas in which the laying speed of the laying carriage has to be reduced to zero up to the reversal point and from there must be accelerated again, with even a specific thinning of the fleece in the edge area is achievable, which is advantageous for subsequent processing processes.
  • the coupling of the uppercarriage, the laying carriage and the tensioning carriage via a single force transmission element in connection with two drives acting on the force transmission element advantageously makes it possible to control the movement of the uppercarriage and the laying carriage independently of one another.
  • warpage (or compression) for example of ⁇ 15%, can be set smoothly.
  • the two drives for the uppercarriage and laying carriage travel are controlled by a computer. It is possible to lay the pile without warping, compressed or stretched, depending on the specification, with speed differences between the belt speed and the laying carriage speed.
  • the tensioning carriage always keeps the main conveyor belt tensioned.
  • the tension carriage is brought into its respective position by the power transmission element and therefore does not require a separate drive.
  • a deflection roller arranged in front of and behind the laying carriage is driven for the main conveyor belt.
  • a delay can be set directly on the difference in the peripheral speeds on these deflection rollers.
  • Another exemplary embodiment consists of providing an electronically controlled linear drive for the superstructure and the laying carriage and coupling the uppercarriage, the laying carriage and the tensioning carriage to one another via a single power transmission element.
  • the tensioning carriage consists of two carriage parts arranged at a distance from one another, in each of which a deflection roller for one of the conveyor belts is mounted.
  • One or more intermediate carriages are arranged between the uppercarriage and the laying carriage. These intermediate cars have the The advantage of distributing the decelerations and accelerations over several machine elements.
  • the nonwoven belt layer 1 (FIG. 2) has a feed belt 2, via which a pile or nonwoven 4 or the like of a card arranged in front with a uniform one but variable speed of 1.5 m / s is supplied.
  • a discharge belt 6 is arranged transversely to the conveying direction of the feed belt 2 on deflecting rollers 8, on which is deposited transversely and in a zigzag to the delivery direction.
  • a discharge belt 6 running longitudinally, ie also in the same direction as the feed belt 2 can also be provided.
  • the fleece belt layer 1 is equipped with three carriages, namely with an upper carriage 10, a tensioning carriage 12 and a laying carriage 14.
  • the fleece belt layer 1 is provided with two endless conveyor belts 18 and 20 which at least partially absorb, transport and transport the fleece 4 between them to lead.
  • the first conveyor belt 18 takes over the fleece 4 from the feed belt 2 in the area of the fleece inlet 22.
  • a deflection roller 24 is provided which can simultaneously accommodate the belt drive for the first conveyor belt 18.
  • the belt speed of the conveyor belt 18 is predetermined by the card.
  • the conveyor belt 18 first arrives at a deflection roller 26 which is mounted in the to-and-fro uppercarriage 10 and which deflects the conveyor belt 18 by 180 ° and returns it in parallel to a stationary deflection roller 28 for the first conveyor belt 18 which is mounted in a feed-side machine stand 54a
  • the renewed deflection by 180 ° then leads the conveyor belt to the reciprocating laying carriage 14, which is moved back and forth over the set laying width.
  • the laying carriage 14 is provided with a deflection roller 30 for the first conveyor belt, from where the first conveyor belt 18 runs back to the fleece inlet 22.
  • the conveyor belt 18 is moved over at least one stationary, eg Deflection roller 32, 34 mounted in the machine stand 54 a is again deflected by 180 ° and fed to the back and forth tensioning carriage 12.
  • the first conveyor belt is ultimately fed back to the first deflecting roller 24 via the deflecting roller 36 mounted on the tensioning carriage.
  • the second conveyor belt 20 which rotates endlessly at the same speed as the first conveyor belt, is deflected via a deflection roller 38 mounted on the superstructure 10 such that the fleece 4 fed from the fleece inlet 22 is guided and transported between the deflection roller 26 and the deflection roller 38 of the superstructure .
  • the conveyor belt 20 is deflected in the same direction as the first conveyor belt 18 by the deflection roller 26, so that the fleece 4 between the two conveyor belts 18 and 20 around the deflection roller 28 is guided up to the deflection roller 30 of the laying carriage.
  • the conveyor belt 20 is deflected twice via two deflection rollers 42, 44 mounted in the laying carriage 14, the second deflection roller 44 together with the deflection roller 30 of the laying carriage guiding the fleece again at the exit point 46 of the fleece 4 for the last time between the two conveyor belts 18, 20.
  • the return of the conveyor belt 20 to the deflection roller 38 of the uppercarriage then takes place in a manner similar to that of the conveyor belt 18 via at least one stationary deflection roller 48, 50.
  • a drive chain 52 is provided, the ends of which are fixedly anchored to the machine stand 54b.
  • the drive chain 52 is deflected by 180 ° on each carriage via a sprocket 56, 58, 60.
  • the drive chain 52 of two chain wheels 62, 64 each provided with an electronically controlled drive, also deflected by 180 °.
  • the drive chain 52 thus becomes from the attachment point on the machine stand 54b via the sprocket 56 of the superstructure 10 to the sprocket 62 of the drive motor for the uppercarriage, then via the sprocket 58 of the tensioning carriage 12 to the sprocket 64 of the drive for the laying carriage 14 and the sprocket 60 of the laying carriage 14 again led to the second attachment point on the machine stand 54b.
  • the restoring movement of the upper carriage 10, the tensioning carriage 12 and the laying carriage 14 is effected, for example, with a suitable endless conveyor belt, namely the conveyor belt 18.
  • a suitable endless conveyor belt namely the conveyor belt 18.
  • the position of the superstructure can consequently be determined, while the sprocket 64 determines the position of the laying carriage.
  • the position of the tension carriage 12 results from the movement of the two chain wheels 62 and 64, so that the tension carriage does not require its own drive.
  • the two sprockets 62 and 64 in connection with the tensioning carriage 12 allow a completely independent control of the movement of the laying carriage and the movement of the uppercarriage.
  • 4 warping and upsetting for example in the range between ⁇ 15%, can be adjusted continuously and smoothly when the fleece is laid down, also variable over the entire laying width.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a nonwoven belt layer with a divided tension carriage 12, which consists of two carriage parts 11, 13, the deflection roller 36 for the first conveyor belt 18 being mounted in the carriage part 11, while in the carriage part 11 which is arranged at a distance from the carriage part 13 a deflection roller 49 for the second conveyor belt 20 is mounted.
  • a connection is provided between the two car parts 11, 13.
  • the superstructure 10 is arranged, in which the belt guide of the second conveyor belt 20 is changed as follows as compared to FIG - and movable intermediate carriage 16 mounted deflection roller 39 directly to the deflection roller 44 of the laying carriage 14.
  • the laying carriage 14 has only a single deflection drum for the second conveyor belt, which in the return via the stationary deflection rollers 48, 50 and the deflection drum 49 of the carriage part 13 and a further stationary deflection roller 51 mounted in the machine stand 56 is fed back to the deflection roller 38 of the superstructure 10.
  • a further conveyor belt 21 is provided for the intermediate carriage 16, which instead of the second conveyor belt 20 in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2 clamps and transports the fleece between it and the first conveyor belt 18 and guides it over the deflection roller 28.
  • a further deflecting roller 29 is arranged at the end opposite the deflecting roller 28, but still in front of the deflecting roller 39.
  • the intermediate car 16 is provided with a tension chain 31 which is deflected at the ends of the intermediate car 16 via chain wheels 25, 27.
  • the tension chain is fastened on the one hand to the laying carriage 14 and on the other hand to the superstructure 10. In this way, the position of the reciprocating intermediate carriage 16 is determined depending on the movements of the upper carriage 10 and the laying carriage 14.
  • FIG. 4 A third exemplary embodiment of the nonwoven band layer 1 is shown in FIG. 4, the basic band guide corresponding to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2.
  • the deflection roller 26 for the first conveyor belt in the superstructure 10 and the deflection roller 38 for the second conveyor belt 20 in the superstructure 10 two deflection rollers 26 ′, 26 ′′, 38 ′, 38 ′′ each occur, with the fleece 4 between the deflection rollers 26 ′ 'and 38' 'is passed with a smaller radius.
  • the fleece 4 between the deflection rollers 26 ′ 'and 38' ' is passed with a smaller radius.
  • the inlet zone in front of the two deflecting rollers 26 ′′ and 38 ′′ there is therefore a large opening angle between the two conveyor belts 18 and 20, which in the exemplary embodiment is over 90 °.
  • this opening angle can also be only 20 ° with the position of the rollers 26 'and 26' 'unchanged, or can be variably adjustable.
  • the fleece 4 is fed in an arcuate or polygonal form to the stationary deflection roller 28, the diameter of which is enlarged in comparison to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2.
  • a guide roller 41 is mounted above the exit point 46, which guides the second conveyor belt 20.
  • the conveyor belt 20 and the conveyor belt 21 are preferably driven only by friction, but they can also be driven by coupling to the conveyor belt 18 or can be provided with their own drive.
  • the chain guide in the chain wheel 62 differs from FIGS. 2 and 3 in that two additional guide wheels 61, 63 are arranged in front of and behind the chain wheel 62.
  • the sprockets 62 and 64 and the deflecting roller 24 are provided in the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 with suitable rotary encoders in order to transmit speed signals to the electronic control.
  • a synchronous belt or the like can of course also be used.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 the laying width and the center of the laying width are identified by a dash-dotted line.
  • the reversal points for the laying carriage travel are determined by the electronic control, by driving the chain wheel 64 accordingly.
  • FIGS. 5a, 5b, 5c show the paths covered by the superstructure 10, the tensioning carriage 12 and the laying carriage 14 with respect to the center of the laying width.
  • the minus values indicate a movement in the direction of the feed-side machine stand 54a.
  • the tensioning carriage moves back and forth only about half the laying width compared to the laying carriage.
  • the uppercarriage only moves about half the laying width back and forth, but offset by a certain distance in relation to the middle of the laying width.
  • the laying carriage approaches the reversal points at a reduced speed, while the tensioning carriage is moved uniformly in the direction of movement on the feed-side machine stand 54a over the entire travel path. Only the return begins and ends with a slowed down phase.
  • FIGS. 6a to 6c show the corresponding speed diagrams. From Fig. 6a it can be seen that the inlet speed of the fleece 4 is constant. 6b shows the circumferential speed of the sprocket 62 for the superstructure 10. FIGS. 6c, 6d and 6e each show the speed profile of the superstructure 10, the tensioning carriage 12 and the laying carriage 14. The maximum speed achieved after the acceleration and braking phases Laying carriage 14 can be set higher than the running-in speed of the fleece 4.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show path and speed diagrams without taking into account a set delay.
  • the tensioning carriage 12 serves to tension the conveyor belt required for the additional pile storage.
  • the belt speed of the first conveyor belt 18 or the peripheral speed of the deflecting roller is 24 V E. This speed is preferably constant and remains unchanged for the forward and reverse run of the laying carriage.
  • the laying carriage speed in position B is made up of the belt speed V E minus or plus speed components, which take into account a predefined delay that may vary over the laying width.
  • the warping can be positive and then cause the fleece to stretch or be negative and produce a compression, that is to say a thickening of the pile.
  • the laying carriage speed is determined with the aid of the sprocket 64 via an electronic control which controls the laying carriage speed depending on the desired warping or warping course, the laying width, the braking and acceleration phases, etc.
  • the exit speed V A of the fleece 4 is dependent on the belt speed V E and on the superstructure speed and the laying carriage speed.
  • the average laying carriage speed corresponds to the product of the running-in speed of the fleece and the average warping factor.
  • Fig. 7 shows the fleece 4 deposited on the discharge belt 6 in profile.
  • Fig. 7a illustrates the so-called bathtub effect in the fleece storage, which occurs in conventional fleece tape layers by slowing the laying carriage in the edge area.
  • the edge area is not thickened but deliberately thinned.
  • the thinning of the border area is desirable because the edges often become thicker as a result of the further processing, thereby creating a balance.
  • Another drive variant is to set a delay directly by controlling the speed of the conveyor belt 18 at points E and F.
  • the deflecting rollers 28 and 32 or 34 are driven in an electronically controlled manner.
  • a cable pull replaces the drive chain 52, the movement of the upper carriage of the tensioning carriage 12 and the laying carriage 14 resulting solely from the drive of the conveyor belt 18.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

In a nonwoven laying device with at least two reciprocating carriages accelerated at their turn-around points, i.e. an upper and a lying carriage, with at least two conveyor belts running around guide rollers on the carriages, i.e. a main and a guide belt, and with an electronic control mechanism for the laying process, whereby the nonwoven can be laid with a stretch, the speed ratio from the speed of the upper carriage VO and that of the laying carriage VL is variously adjusted depending on the positive or negative stretch.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Ablegen eines Vlieses oder dgl. nach dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs sowie ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 12.The invention relates to a device for depositing a fleece or the like. According to the preamble of the main claim and a method according to the preamble of claim 12.

Derartige Vliesbandleger dienen dazu, insbesondere von einer Krempel oder dergleichen angelieferte Faservliese, Faserflore, Spinnvliese oder dgl. auf ein mit einer vorbestimmten variablen Geschwindigkeit bewegtes Abführungsband abzulegen. Dabei wird das von der Krempel zugeführte Faservlies auf einem mit einer vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeit angetriebenen Zuführungsband transportiert. Innerhalb des Vliesbandlegers wird das Faservlies üblicherweise zumindest teilweise zwischen zwei Förderbändern transportiert, die sich mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit bewegen. Diese Förderbänder sind als endlos umlaufende Förderbänder gestaltet. Derartige Vliesbandleger benötigen zum möglichst gleichmäßigen Ablegen des Faservlieses hin- und hergehende Wagen, in denen Umlenkwalzen für die Förderbänder gelagert sind.Such fleece tape layers are used, in particular, to lay down nonwovens, fibrous webs, spunbonded fabrics or the like supplied by a card or the like on an outfeed belt moved at a predetermined variable speed. The nonwoven fabric fed by the card is transported on a feed belt driven at a predetermined speed. Within the nonwoven belt layer, the nonwoven fabric is usually at least partially transported between two conveyor belts that move at the same speed. These conveyor belts are designed as endless conveyor belts. In order to deposit the fiber fleece as evenly as possible, such fleece belt layers require carriages in which deflection rollers for the conveyor belts are mounted.

Bei den Vliesbandlegern, insbesondere solchen, die mit hoher Geschwindigkeit arbeiten, können die plötzlichen Geschwindigkeitswechsel der Wagen einen unregelmäßigen Verzug des Faservlieses hervorrufen, und zwar wegen zeitlich veränderter Einregulierung der Wagen- und Bandgeschwindigkeiten durch die Auffederung des Rahmens und der Arbeitselemente. Bei einer plötzlichen Beschleunigung der Förderbänder kann das Vlies daher nicht sofort folgen. Es kommt bei den Vliesbandlegern darauf an, die Förderbänder und Wagen relativ zueinander so zu steuern, daß eine möglichst gleichmäßige Ablage möglich ist.In the case of the nonwoven belt layers, especially those that work at high speed, the sudden change in speed of the wagons can cause an irregular warping of the nonwoven fabric, because of the time-dependent adjustment of the wagon and belt speeds due to the suspension of the frame and the working elements. With a sudden acceleration therefore the fleece cannot immediately follow the conveyor belts. In the case of the nonwoven belt layer, it is important to control the conveyor belts and carriages relative to one another in such a way that the most uniform possible storage is possible.

Es sind weiterhin Anordnungen von Vliesbandlegern bekannt, bei denen die hohen Beschleunigungen beim Umlenkvorgang herabgesetzt werden, indem man den Umlenkvorgang langsamer ablaufen läßt. Diese Lösungen sind jedoch nachteilig, da das Vlies dem Leger mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit zugeführt wird und, bedingt durch den gekoppelten Antrieb der Wagen, auch mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit abgegeben werden muß. Die Umlenkzeit muß also theoretisch Null sein, was praktisch nicht durchführbar ist.Arrangements of nonwoven belt layers are also known in which the high accelerations during the deflection process are reduced by letting the deflection process run more slowly. However, these solutions are disadvantageous because the fleece is fed to the layer at a constant speed and, due to the coupled drive of the carriage, must also be dispensed at a constant speed. The deflection time must therefore be theoretically zero, which is practically not feasible.

Aus der EP-A-0 315 930 ist ein Vliesbandleger bekannt, bei dem der Oberwagen und der Legewagen einen gemeinsamen oder auch separaten Antrieb aufweisen, der die Wagen mit unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit in entgegengesetzter Richtung bewegt. Dabei läuft der Oberwagen stets mit der halben Geschwindigkeit des Legewagens und legt dabei den halben Weg des Legewagens zurück. Der Antrieb ist als Servo-Antrieb ausgebildet und mit einer frei programmierbaren Steuerung verbunden. Die Geschwindigkeit der Wagen kann damit über ihren Fahrweg beliebig verändert werden, wobei auch die Beschleunigungsphasen in den Umkehrpunkten der Fahrbewegung beliebig beeinflußbar sind. Die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit des Vlieses entspricht dabei stets der Vlieseinlaufgeschwindigkeit.From EP-A-0 315 930 a nonwoven band layer is known in which the uppercarriage and the laying carriage have a common or separate drive which moves the carriages at different speeds in the opposite direction. The uppercarriage always runs at half the speed of the laying carriage and covers half the distance of the laying carriage. The drive is designed as a servo drive and connected to a freely programmable control. The speed of the cars can thus be changed as desired via their route, the acceleration phases in the reversal points of the travel movement being able to be influenced as desired. The exit speed of the fleece always corresponds to the fleece inlet speed.

Aus der FR-A-2 234 395 ist ein Vliesbandleger mit einem Oberwagen und einem Legewagen sowie mehreren Hilfwagen bekannt, bei dem der Oberwagen mit einer Geschwindigkeit u hin- und herbewegt wird, während der Legewagen mit einer wählbaren Geschwindigkeit w hin- und herbewegt wird. Das Verhältnis der Wagengeschwindigkeiten zueinander unter Einbeziehung der Florzuführungsgeschwindigkeit V ergibt sich aus der Gleichung 2·u-w+|w|=V

Figure imgb0001
. Aufgrund dieser Gesetzmäßigkeit soll keine Stauchung oder Streckung des Flors erfolgen. Eine variable Einstellung des Geschwindigkeitsverhältnisses zwischen Ober- und Legewagen ist nicht beschrieben.From FR-A-2 234 395 a nonwoven belt layer with an uppercarriage and a laying carriage and several auxiliary carriages is known, in which the uppercarriage is moved back and forth at a speed u, while the laying carriage is moved back and forth at a selectable speed w . The ratio of the carriage speeds to one another, including the pile feed speed V, results from the equation 2 · u-w + | w | = V
Figure imgb0001
 . Because of this law, the pile should not be compressed or stretched. A variable setting of the speed ratio between the uppercarriage and the laying carriage is not described.

Aus der DE-A-26 09 396 ist eine endlos umlaufende Steuerkette bekannt, die einen Oberwagen sowie einen Legewagen und einen Speicherwagen miteinander koppelt. Diese Steuerkette ist als endlos umlaufende Kette gestaltet und wird über Kettenräder angetrieben. Der Antrieb und die Steuerung des Legewagens erfolgt allerdings über eine separate Wagenzugkette. Außerdem sind der Legewagen und der Oberwagen über eine Spannkette miteinander verbunden. Schließlich wird zur Steuerung zusätzlich noch eine Meßkette benötigt.From DE-A-26 09 396 an endlessly rotating control chain is known which couples an uppercarriage as well as a laying carriage and a storage carriage. This timing chain is designed as an endless chain and is driven by sprockets. However, the drive and control of the laying carriage takes place via a separate carriage chain. In addition, the laying carriage and the uppercarriage are connected to each other via a tension chain. Finally, an electrode is also required for control.

Der Antrieb und die Steuerung dieses Vliesbandlegers sind in hohem Maße aufwendig und ermöglichen dennoch nicht, frei wählbare Verzüge einzustellen.The drive and the control of this nonwoven banding machine are highly complex and yet do not allow you to set freely selectable delays.

Aus der DE-18 21 234 U ist es bekannt, den Oberwagen und den Legewagen über ein Kraftübertragungselement miteinander zu koppeln.From DE-18 21 234 U it is known to couple the uppercarriage and the laying carriage to one another via a force transmission element.

Aus der DE-25 42 274 B ist es bekannt, einen Legewagen mit einer nach dem Linear-Motor-Prinzip arbeitenden Einrichtung anzutreiben.From DE-25 42 274 B it is known to drive a laying carriage with a device operating according to the linear motor principle.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Ablegen von Vliesbändern oder dgl. sowie einen Vliesbandleger derart auszubilden, daß das Vlies bei Legegeschwindigkeiten unterhalb der Bandeinlaufgeschwindigkeit auch mit Verzug (positiver Verzug) und bei Legegeschwindigkeiten oberhalb der Bandeinlaufgeschwindigkeit auch mit Stauchung (negativer Verzug) abgelegt werden kann.The invention is based on the object of designing a method for depositing nonwoven tapes or the like and a nonwoven tape layer in such a way that the nonwoven also has a delay (positive delay) at laying speeds below the belt infeed speed and also a compression (negative delay) at laying speeds above the belt infeed speed can be filed.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dienen die Merkmale des Hauptanspruchs sowie des Anspruchs 12.The features of the main claim and of claim 12 serve to solve this problem.

Die Legewagengeschwindigkeit kann relativ zur Einlaufgeschwindigkeit des Vlieses auf eine höhere bzw. geringere Geschwindigkeit eingestellt werden, um ein Stauchen bzw. Strecken des Vlieses beim Ablegen zu erreichen. Zwischenwerte oder über die Legebreite ungleichförmige Verzüge oder Stauchungen sind ebenfalls einstellbar. Im Extremfall ist es auch möglich, die Vliesaustrittsgeschwindigkeit am Legewagen gegen Null zu ändern. Wesentlich ist dabei, daß das Vlies auch bei Legegeschwindigkeiten unterhalb der Bandeinlaufgeschwindigkeit mit Verzug sowie bei Legegeschwindigkeiten oberhalb der Bandeinlaufgeschwindigkeit auch mit Stauchung abgelegt werden kann.The laying carriage speed can be set to a higher or lower speed relative to the running-in speed of the fleece in order to compress or stretch the fleece when it is laid down. Intermediate values or non-uniform warping or upsetting over the laying width can also be set. In extreme cases, it is also possible to change the fleece exit speed on the laying carriage towards zero. It is important here that the fleece can be deposited with delay even at laying speeds below the strip inlet speed and also with compression at laying speeds above the strip inlet speed.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht es in vorteilhafter Weise selbst in den Umkehrbereichen, in denen die Legegeschwindigkeit des Legewagens bis zum Umkehrpunkt auf Null verringert werden muß und von dort aus wieder hochbeschleunigt werden muß, mit einem Verzug zu arbeiten, wobei sogar eine gezielte Verdünnung des Vlieses im Randbereich erreichbar ist, die für nachfolgende Verarbeitungsprozesse von Vorteil ist.The invention advantageously makes it possible to work with a delay even in the reversal areas in which the laying speed of the laying carriage has to be reduced to zero up to the reversal point and from there must be accelerated again, with even a specific thinning of the fleece in the edge area is achievable, which is advantageous for subsequent processing processes.

Die Kopplung des Oberwagens, des Legewagens und des Spannwagens über ein einziges Kraftübertragungselement in Verbindung mit zwei auf das Kraftübertragungselement einwirkenden Antrieben ermöglicht es in vorteilhafter Weise, die Bewegung des Oberwagens und des Legewagens unabhängig voneinander zu steuern. Insbesondere ist es möglich, die Bandgeschwindigkeit an der Legestelle zu erhöhen oder zu erniedrigen, ohne gleichzeitig auch die Legewagengeschwindigkeit zu erhöhen bzw. zu erniedrigen. Auf diese Weise sind Verzüge (bzw. Stauchungen) z.B. von ±15 % rucklos einstellbar. Die beiden Antriebe für die Oberwagen- und Legewagenfahrt werden über einen Rechner gesteuert. Dabei ist es möglich, den Flor verzugsfrei, gestaucht oder gestreckt je nach Vorgabe gesteuert mit Geschwindigkeitsdifferenzen zwischen Bandgeschwindigkeit und Legewagengeschwindigkeit abzulegen.The coupling of the uppercarriage, the laying carriage and the tensioning carriage via a single force transmission element in connection with two drives acting on the force transmission element advantageously makes it possible to control the movement of the uppercarriage and the laying carriage independently of one another. In particular, it is possible to increase or decrease the belt speed at the laying point without at the same time increasing or reducing the laying carriage speed. In this way, warpage (or compression), for example of ± 15%, can be set smoothly. The two drives for the uppercarriage and laying carriage travel are controlled by a computer. It is possible to lay the pile without warping, compressed or stretched, depending on the specification, with speed differences between the belt speed and the laying carriage speed.

Dabei hält der Spannwagen stets das Hauptförderband gespannt. Der Spannwagen wird durch das Kraftübertragungselement in seine jeweilige Position gebracht und benötigt deshalb keinen separaten Antrieb.The tensioning carriage always keeps the main conveyor belt tensioned. The tension carriage is brought into its respective position by the power transmission element and therefore does not require a separate drive.

Bei einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel kann auch vorgesehen sein, daß anstelle der Wagenantriebe jeweils eine vor und hinter dem Legewagen angeordnete Umlenkwalze für das Hauptförderband angetrieben wird. Dabei kann ein Verzug unmittelbar über die Differenz der Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten an diesen Umlenkwalzen eingestellt werden. Die Wagenbewegungen ergeben sich dabei allein auf Grund des Bandantriebs und der Kopplung über ein den Oberwagen, den Legewagen und den Spannwagen verbindendes Kraftübertragungselement.In an alternative embodiment it can also be provided that instead of the carriage drives, a deflection roller arranged in front of and behind the laying carriage is driven for the main conveyor belt. A delay can be set directly on the difference in the peripheral speeds on these deflection rollers. The carriage movements result solely from the belt drive and the coupling via a power transmission element connecting the superstructure, the laying carriage and the tensioning carriage.

Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel besteht darin, für den Oberwagen und den Legewagen jeweils einen elektronisch gesteuerten Linearantrieb vorzusehen und den Oberwagen, den Legenwagen und den Spannwagen über ein einziges Kraftübertragungselement miteinander zu koppeln. Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß der Spannwagen aus zwei mit Abstand voneinander angeordneten Wagenteilen besteht, in denen jeweils eine Umlenkwalze für eines der Förderbänder gelagert ist.Another exemplary embodiment consists of providing an electronically controlled linear drive for the superstructure and the laying carriage and coupling the uppercarriage, the laying carriage and the tensioning carriage to one another via a single power transmission element. In a further development of the invention it is provided that the tensioning carriage consists of two carriage parts arranged at a distance from one another, in each of which a deflection roller for one of the conveyor belts is mounted.

Dabei sind ein oder mehrere Zwischenwagen zwischen Ober- und Legewagen angeordnet. Diese Zwischenwagen haben den Vorteil, die Verzögerungen und Beschleunigungen auf mehrere Maschinenelemente zu verteilen.One or more intermediate carriages are arranged between the uppercarriage and the laying carriage. These intermediate cars have the The advantage of distributing the decelerations and accelerations over several machine elements.

Im folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Prinzipskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Kopplung zwischen dem Oberwagen, dem Spannwagen, sowie dem Legewagen und den Antrieben;
Fig. 2
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
Fig. 3
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit einem Spannwagen aus zwei Wagenteilen und einem zusätzlichen Zwischenwagen;
Fig. 4
ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit veränderter Bandführung;
Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c
Wegdiagramme für den Oberwagen, Spannwagen und Legewagen,
Fig. 6a bis 6e
Geschwindigkeitsdiagramme für den Vlieseinlauf, die Zahnriemenscheibe des Oberwagens wie für den Oberwagen, Spannwagen und Legewagen, und
Fig. 7a bis 7d
unterschiedliche Vliesprofile.
Show it
Fig. 1
a schematic diagram of the coupling according to the invention between the uppercarriage, the tensioning carriage, and the laying carriage and the drives;
Fig. 2
a first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3
a second embodiment of the invention with a tension car from two car parts and an additional intermediate car;
Fig. 4
a third embodiment of the invention with a modified tape guide;
5a, 5b, 5c
Path diagrams for the uppercarriage, tension car and laying car,
6a to 6e
Speed diagrams for the fleece inlet, the toothed belt pulley of the uppercarriage as for the uppercarriage, tensioning carriage and laying carriage, and
7a to 7d
different fleece profiles.

Der Vliesbandleger 1 (Fig.2) weist ein Zuführungsband 2 auf, über das ein Flor- bzw. ein Vlies 4 oder dgl. von einer davor angeordneten Krempel mit einer gleichmäßigen aber veränderbaren Geschwindigkeit von beispielsweise 1,5 m/s zugeführt wird. Quer zur Förderrichtung des Zuführungsbandes 2 ist ein Abführungsband 6 auf Umlenkwalzen 8 angeordnet, auf dem quer und im Zickzack zur Anlieferungsrichtung abgelegt wird. Statt eines quer verlaufenden Abführungsbandes 6 kann auch ein längs, d.h. auch ein in derselben Richtung wie das Zuführungsband 2 laufendes Abführungsband 6 vorgesehen sein. Der Vliesbandleger 1 ist mit drei Wagen ausgerüstet, und zwar mit einem Oberwagen 10, einem Spannwagen 12 sowie einem Legewagen 14. Der Vliesbandleger 1 ist mit zwei endlos umlaufenden Förderbändern 18 und 20 versehen, die zumindest teilweise das Vlies 4 zwischen sich aufnehmen, transportieren und führen.The nonwoven belt layer 1 (FIG. 2) has a feed belt 2, via which a pile or nonwoven 4 or the like of a card arranged in front with a uniform one but variable speed of 1.5 m / s is supplied. A discharge belt 6 is arranged transversely to the conveying direction of the feed belt 2 on deflecting rollers 8, on which is deposited transversely and in a zigzag to the delivery direction. Instead of a transversely extending discharge belt 6, a discharge belt 6 running longitudinally, ie also in the same direction as the feed belt 2, can also be provided. The fleece belt layer 1 is equipped with three carriages, namely with an upper carriage 10, a tensioning carriage 12 and a laying carriage 14. The fleece belt layer 1 is provided with two endless conveyor belts 18 and 20 which at least partially absorb, transport and transport the fleece 4 between them to lead.

Das erste Förderband 18 übernimmt im Bereich des Vlieseinlaufs 22 das Vlies 4 von dem Zuführungsband 2. An dieser Stelle ist eine Umlenkwalze 24 vorgesehen, die gleichzeitig den Bandantrieb für das erste Förderband 18 aufnehmen kann. Die Bandgeschwindigkeit des Förderbandes 18 wird von der Krempel vorgegeben. Von dem Vlieseinlauf 22 gelangt das Förderband 18 zunächst auf eine in dem hin- und herbewegten Oberwagen 10 gelagerte Umlenkwalze 26, die das Förderband 18 um 180° umlenkt und parallel zurückführt zu einer in einem zuführungsseitigen Maschinenständer 54a gelagerten ortsfesten Umlenkwalze 28 für das erste Förderband 18. Die erneute Umlenkung um 180° führt dann das Förderband zu dem hin- und herbeweglichen Legewagen 14, der über die eingestellte Legebreite hin- und herbewegt wird.The first conveyor belt 18 takes over the fleece 4 from the feed belt 2 in the area of the fleece inlet 22. At this point, a deflection roller 24 is provided which can simultaneously accommodate the belt drive for the first conveyor belt 18. The belt speed of the conveyor belt 18 is predetermined by the card. From the nonwoven inlet 22, the conveyor belt 18 first arrives at a deflection roller 26 which is mounted in the to-and-fro uppercarriage 10 and which deflects the conveyor belt 18 by 180 ° and returns it in parallel to a stationary deflection roller 28 for the first conveyor belt 18 which is mounted in a feed-side machine stand 54a The renewed deflection by 180 ° then leads the conveyor belt to the reciprocating laying carriage 14, which is moved back and forth over the set laying width.

Der Legewagen 14 ist mit einer Umlenkwalze 30 für das erste Förderband versehen, von wo aus das erste Förderband 18 zurückläuft zum Vlieseinlauf 22. Hierbei wird das Förderband 18 über mindestens eine ortsfeste, z.B. in dem Maschinenständer 54a gelagerte Umlenkwalze 32,34 erneut um 180° umgelenkt und dem hin- und herbeweglichen Spannwagen 12 zugeführt. Über die am Spannwagen gelagerte Umlenkwalze 36 wird das erste Förderband letztlich wieder der ersten Umlenkwalze 24 zugeführt.The laying carriage 14 is provided with a deflection roller 30 for the first conveyor belt, from where the first conveyor belt 18 runs back to the fleece inlet 22. Here, the conveyor belt 18 is moved over at least one stationary, eg Deflection roller 32, 34 mounted in the machine stand 54 a is again deflected by 180 ° and fed to the back and forth tensioning carriage 12. The first conveyor belt is ultimately fed back to the first deflecting roller 24 via the deflecting roller 36 mounted on the tensioning carriage.

Das zweite endlos mit der gleichen Geschwindigkeit wie das erste Förderband umlaufende Förderband 20 wird über eine am Oberwagen 10 gelagerte Umlenkwalze 38 derart umgelenkt, daß das von dem Vlieseinlauf 22 zugeführte Vlies 4 zwischen der Umlenkwalze 26 und der Umlenkwalze 38 des Oberwagens geführt wird und transportiert wird. Über eine weitere Umlenkwalze 40 des Oberwagens wird, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, das Förderband 20 in die gleiche Richtung umgelenkt wie das erste Förderband 18 durch die umlenkwalze 26, so daß das Vlies 4 zwischen den beiden Förderbändern 18 und 20 um die Umlenkwalze 28 bis zur Umlenkwalze 30 des Legewagens geführt wird. Das Förderband 20 wird über zwei in dem Legewagen 14 gelagerte Umlenkwalzen 42,44 zweifach umgelenkt, wobei die zweite Umlenkwalze 44 zusammen mit der Umlenkwalze 30 des Legewagens an der Austrittsstelle 46 des Vlieses 4 das Vlies nochmals letztmalig zwischen den beiden Förderbändern 18,20 führt. Der Rücklauf des Förderbandes 20 zu der Umlenkwalze 38 des Oberwagens erfolgt dann ähnlich wie bei dem Förderband 18 über mindestens eine ortsfeste Umlenkwalze 48,50.The second conveyor belt 20, which rotates endlessly at the same speed as the first conveyor belt, is deflected via a deflection roller 38 mounted on the superstructure 10 such that the fleece 4 fed from the fleece inlet 22 is guided and transported between the deflection roller 26 and the deflection roller 38 of the superstructure . 2, the conveyor belt 20 is deflected in the same direction as the first conveyor belt 18 by the deflection roller 26, so that the fleece 4 between the two conveyor belts 18 and 20 around the deflection roller 28 is guided up to the deflection roller 30 of the laying carriage. The conveyor belt 20 is deflected twice via two deflection rollers 42, 44 mounted in the laying carriage 14, the second deflection roller 44 together with the deflection roller 30 of the laying carriage guiding the fleece again at the exit point 46 of the fleece 4 for the last time between the two conveyor belts 18, 20. The return of the conveyor belt 20 to the deflection roller 38 of the uppercarriage then takes place in a manner similar to that of the conveyor belt 18 via at least one stationary deflection roller 48, 50.

Für den Antrieb des Oberwagens, des Spannwagens und des Legewagens ist, wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, eine Antriebskette 52 vorgesehen, deren Enden ortsfest an dem Maschinenständer 54b verankert sind. Die Antriebskette 52 ist an jedem Wagen über ein Kettenrad 56,58,60 um 180° umgelenkt. Außerdem wird die Antriebskette 52 von zwei jeweils mit einem elektronisch gesteuerten Antrieb versehenen Kettenrädern 62,64 ebenfalls um 180° umgelenkt. Die Antriebskette 52 wird also von der Befestigungsstelle am Maschinenständer 54b über das Kettenrad 56 des Oberwagens 10 zum Kettenrad 62 des Antriebsmotors für den Oberwagen, dann über das Kettenrad 58 des Spannwagens 12 zum Kettenrad 64 des Antriebs für den Legewagen 14 und das Kettenrad 60 des Legewagens 14 wieder zu der zweiten Befestigungsstelle an dem Maschinenständer 54b geführt.For the drive of the uppercarriage, the tensioning carriage and the laying carriage, as can be seen from FIG. 1, a drive chain 52 is provided, the ends of which are fixedly anchored to the machine stand 54b. The drive chain 52 is deflected by 180 ° on each carriage via a sprocket 56, 58, 60. In addition, the drive chain 52 of two chain wheels 62, 64 each provided with an electronically controlled drive, also deflected by 180 °. The drive chain 52 thus becomes from the attachment point on the machine stand 54b via the sprocket 56 of the superstructure 10 to the sprocket 62 of the drive motor for the uppercarriage, then via the sprocket 58 of the tensioning carriage 12 to the sprocket 64 of the drive for the laying carriage 14 and the sprocket 60 of the laying carriage 14 again led to the second attachment point on the machine stand 54b.

Die Rückstellbewegung des Oberwagens 10, des Spannwagens 12 und des Legewagens 14 wird beispielsweise mit einem geeigneten Endlosförderband, nämlich dem Förderband 18 bewirkt. Je nach Steuerung des Kettenrades 62 über den elektronisch gesteuerten Antrieb läßt sich folglich die Position des Oberwagens bestimmen, wahrend das Kettenrad 64 die Position des Legewagens bestimmt.The restoring movement of the upper carriage 10, the tensioning carriage 12 and the laying carriage 14 is effected, for example, with a suitable endless conveyor belt, namely the conveyor belt 18. Depending on the control of the sprocket 62 via the electronically controlled drive, the position of the superstructure can consequently be determined, while the sprocket 64 determines the position of the laying carriage.

Die Position des Spannwagens 12 ergibt sich aus der Bewegung der beiden Kettenräder 62 und 64, so daß der Spannwagen keinen eigenen Antrieb benötigt.The position of the tension carriage 12 results from the movement of the two chain wheels 62 and 64, so that the tension carriage does not require its own drive.

Die beiden Kettenräder 62 und 64 ermöglichen im Zusammenhang mit dem Spannwagen 12 eine völlig unbhängige Steuerung der Bewegung des Legewagens und der Bewegung des Oberwagens.The two sprockets 62 and 64 in connection with the tensioning carriage 12 allow a completely independent control of the movement of the laying carriage and the movement of the uppercarriage.

Durch eine entsprechende Steuerung der Antriebe der Kettenräder 62 und 64 lassen sich beim Ablegen des Vlieses 4 Verzüge und Stauchungen, beispielsweise im Bereich zwischen ± 15 % stufenlos und ruckfrei einstellen, auch über die gesamte Legebreite variabel.By appropriately controlling the drives of the sprockets 62 and 64, 4 warping and upsetting, for example in the range between ± 15%, can be adjusted continuously and smoothly when the fleece is laid down, also variable over the entire laying width.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Vliesbandlegers mit einem geteilten Spannwagen 12, der aus zwei Wagenteilen 11,13 besteht, wobei in dem Wagenteil 11 die Umlenkwalze 36 für das erste Förderband 18 gelagert ist, während in dem mit Abstand von dem Wagenteil 11 angeordneten Wagenteil 13 eine Umlenkwalze 49 für das zweite Förderband 20 gelagert ist. Zwischen den beiden Wagenteilen 11,13 ist eine Verbindung vorgesehen. Zwischen diesen beiden Wagenteilen ist der Oberwagen 10 angeordnet, bei dem die Bandführung des zweiten Förderbandes 20 wie folgt gegenüber Fig. 2 geändert ist: Von der Umlenkwalze 38 des Oberwagens 10 gelangt das zweite Förderband 20 über eine an dem der Umlenkwalze 28 gegenüberliegenden Ende eines hin- und herbeweglichen Zwischenwagens 16 gelagerte Umlenkwalze 39 direkt zur Umlenkwalze 44 des Legewagens 14. Dabei weist der Legewagen 14 nur noch eine einzige Umlenkwalze für das zweite Förderband auf, das im Rücklauf über die ortsfesten Umlenkwalzen 48,50 und die Umlenkwalze 49 des Wagenteils 13 und eine weitere ortsfeste, im Maschinenständer 56 gelagerte Umlenkwalze 51 wieder der Umlenkwalze 38 des Oberwagens 10 zugeführt wird.Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a nonwoven belt layer with a divided tension carriage 12, which consists of two carriage parts 11, 13, the deflection roller 36 for the first conveyor belt 18 being mounted in the carriage part 11, while in the carriage part 11 which is arranged at a distance from the carriage part 13 a deflection roller 49 for the second conveyor belt 20 is mounted. A connection is provided between the two car parts 11, 13. Between these two carriage parts, the superstructure 10 is arranged, in which the belt guide of the second conveyor belt 20 is changed as follows as compared to FIG - and movable intermediate carriage 16 mounted deflection roller 39 directly to the deflection roller 44 of the laying carriage 14. Here, the laying carriage 14 has only a single deflection drum for the second conveyor belt, which in the return via the stationary deflection rollers 48, 50 and the deflection drum 49 of the carriage part 13 and a further stationary deflection roller 51 mounted in the machine stand 56 is fed back to the deflection roller 38 of the superstructure 10.

Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein weiteres Förderband 21 für den Zwischenwagen 16 vorgesehen, das anstelle des zweiten Förderbandes 20 im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 das Vlies zwischen sich und dem ersten Förderband 18 einklemmt und transportiert und über die Umlenkwalze 28 führt. Für das endlos umlaufende Förderband 21 ist eine weitere Umlenkwalze 29 an dem der Umlenkwalze 28 entgegengesetzten Ende, aber noch vor der Umlenkwalze 39 angeordnet.In this exemplary embodiment, a further conveyor belt 21 is provided for the intermediate carriage 16, which instead of the second conveyor belt 20 in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2 clamps and transports the fleece between it and the first conveyor belt 18 and guides it over the deflection roller 28. For the endlessly rotating conveyor belt 21, a further deflecting roller 29 is arranged at the end opposite the deflecting roller 28, but still in front of the deflecting roller 39.

Der Zwischenwagen 16 ist mit einer Spannkette 31 versehen, die an den Enden des Zwischenwagens 16 über Kettenräder 25,27 umgelenkt wird. Die Spannkette ist einerseits an dem Legewagen 14 und andererseits an dem Oberwagen 10 befestigt. Auf diese Weise wird in Abhängigkeit der Bewegungen des Oberwagens 10 und des Legewagens 14 die Position des hin- und herbeweglichen Zwischenwagens 16 festgelegt.The intermediate car 16 is provided with a tension chain 31 which is deflected at the ends of the intermediate car 16 via chain wheels 25, 27. The tension chain is fastened on the one hand to the laying carriage 14 and on the other hand to the superstructure 10. In this way, the position of the reciprocating intermediate carriage 16 is determined depending on the movements of the upper carriage 10 and the laying carriage 14.

Ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel für den Vliesbandleger 1 ist in Fig. 4 gezeigt, wobei die grundsätzliche Bandführung dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 entspricht. Anstelle der Umlenkwalze 26 für das erste Förderband im Oberwagen 10 sowie die Umlenkwalze 38 für das zweite Förderband 20 im Oberwagen 10 treten jeweils zwei Umlenkwalzen 26',26'',38',38'', wobei das Vlies 4 zwischen den Umlenkwalzen 26'' und 38'' mit kleinerem Radius hindurchgeführt wird. In der Einlaufzone vor den beiden Umlenkwalzen 26'' und 38'' besteht dadurch ein großer Öffnungswinkel zwischen den beiden Förderbändern 18 und 20, der im Ausführungsbeispiel über 90° beträgt. Dieser Öffnungswinkel kann aber auch nur 20° bei unveränderter Position der Walzen 26' und 26'' betragen, oder variabel einstellbar sein. Dabei sind die Umlenkwalzen 26' und 26'' derart zueinander versetzt angeordnet, daß der absinkende Abschnitt des ersten Förderbandes 18 einen spitzen Winkel zur Horizontalen einnimmt.A third exemplary embodiment of the nonwoven band layer 1 is shown in FIG. 4, the basic band guide corresponding to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2. Instead of the deflection roller 26 for the first conveyor belt in the superstructure 10 and the deflection roller 38 for the second conveyor belt 20 in the superstructure 10, two deflection rollers 26 ′, 26 ″, 38 ′, 38 ″ each occur, with the fleece 4 between the deflection rollers 26 ′ 'and 38' 'is passed with a smaller radius. In the inlet zone in front of the two deflecting rollers 26 ″ and 38 ″ there is therefore a large opening angle between the two conveyor belts 18 and 20, which in the exemplary embodiment is over 90 °. However, this opening angle can also be only 20 ° with the position of the rollers 26 'and 26' 'unchanged, or can be variably adjustable. The deflecting rollers 26 'and 26' 'are arranged offset from one another in such a way that the sinking section of the first conveyor belt 18 assumes an acute angle to the horizontal.

Im weiteren Verlauf der Vliesführung wird das Vlies 4 bogenförmig oder auch polygonförmig der ortsfesten Umlenkwalze 28 zugeführt, deren Durchmesser im Vergleich zu dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 vergrößert ist.In the further course of the fleece guidance, the fleece 4 is fed in an arcuate or polygonal form to the stationary deflection roller 28, the diameter of which is enlarged in comparison to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2.

Im Legewagen 14 ist zusätzlich zu den Umlenkwalzen 30 und 44 oberhalb der Austrittsstelle 46 eine Führungswalze 41 gelagert, die das zweite Förderband 20 lenkt.In the laying carriage 14, in addition to the deflecting rollers 30 and 44, a guide roller 41 is mounted above the exit point 46, which guides the second conveyor belt 20.

Das Förderband 20 und das Förderband 21 werden vorzugsweise nur durch Friktion angetrieben, sie können aber auch durch Kopplung mit dem Förderband 18 angetrieben sein oder mit einem eigenen Antrieb versehen sein.The conveyor belt 20 and the conveyor belt 21 are preferably driven only by friction, but they can also be driven by coupling to the conveyor belt 18 or can be provided with their own drive.

Hinsichtlich der Antriebskette 52 ist die Kettenführung bei dem Kettenrad 62 insofern abweichend gegenüber Fig.2 und 3, als zwei zusätzliche Führungsräder 61,63 vor und hinter dem Kettenrad 62 angeordnet sind.With regard to the drive chain 52, the chain guide in the chain wheel 62 differs from FIGS. 2 and 3 in that two additional guide wheels 61, 63 are arranged in front of and behind the chain wheel 62.

Die Kettenräder 62 und 64 sowie die Umlenkwalze 24 sind in den gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen der Fig. 2 bis 4 mit geeigneten Drehgebern versehen, um der elektronischen Steuerung Geschwindigkeitssignale zu übertragen.The sprockets 62 and 64 and the deflecting roller 24 are provided in the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 with suitable rotary encoders in order to transmit speed signals to the electronic control.

Anstelle einer Antriebskette kann selbstverständlich auch ein Synchronriemen oder dgl. verwendet werden.Instead of a drive chain, a synchronous belt or the like can of course also be used.

In den Zeichnungen Fig. 2 bis 4 ist durch eine strichpunktierte Linie jeweils die Legebreite und die Mitte der Legebreite gekennzeichnet. Die Umkehrpunkte für die Legewagenfahrt werden von der elektronischen Steuerung, durch entsprechenden Antrieb des Kettenrades 64, festgelegt.In the drawings FIGS. 2 to 4, the laying width and the center of the laying width are identified by a dash-dotted line. The reversal points for the laying carriage travel are determined by the electronic control, by driving the chain wheel 64 accordingly.

Die Figuren 5a,5b,5c zeigen die von dem Oberwagen 10, dem Spannwagen 12 und dem Legewagen 14 zurückgelegten Wege in bezug auf die Mitte der Legebreite. Die Minuswerte kennzeichnen eine Bewegung in Richtung auf den zuführungsseitigen Maschinenständer 54a.FIGS. 5a, 5b, 5c show the paths covered by the superstructure 10, the tensioning carriage 12 and the laying carriage 14 with respect to the center of the laying width. The minus values indicate a movement in the direction of the feed-side machine stand 54a.

Aus den Figuren ist entnehmbar, daß der Spannwagen im Vergleich zum Legewagen nur etwa die halbe Legebreite hin- und herfährt. Auch der Oberwagen fährt nur etwa die halbe Legebreite hin und her, allerdings in bezug auf die Mitte der Legebreite um einen bestimmten Weg versetzt.From the figures it can be seen that the tensioning carriage moves back and forth only about half the laying width compared to the laying carriage. The uppercarriage only moves about half the laying width back and forth, but offset by a certain distance in relation to the middle of the laying width.

Wie aus Fig. 5c ersichtlich, erfolgt die Annäherung des Legewagens an die Umkehrpunkte mit reduzierter Geschwindigkeit, während der Spannwagen in Bewegungsrichtung auf den zuführungsseitigen Maschinenständer 54a über den gesamten Verfahrweg gleichförmig bewegt wird. Erst der Rücklauf beginnt und endet mit einer verlangsamten Phase.As can be seen from FIG. 5c, the laying carriage approaches the reversal points at a reduced speed, while the tensioning carriage is moved uniformly in the direction of movement on the feed-side machine stand 54a over the entire travel path. Only the return begins and ends with a slowed down phase.

Wie aus Fig. 5a ersichtlich, gilt für den Oberwagen das Gegenteil, d.h. in Bewegungsrichtung zu dem zuführungsseitigen Maschinenständer sind verlangsamte Anfangs- und Endphasen vorgesehen.As can be seen from Fig. 5a, the opposite applies to the superstructure, i.e. in the direction of movement to the feed-side machine stand, slower start and end phases are provided.

Die Figuren 6a bis 6c zeigen die entsprechenden Geschwindigkeitsdiagramme. Aus Fig. 6a ist ersichtlich, daß die Einlaufgeschwindigkeit des Vlieses 4 konstant ist. Fig. 6b stellt die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des Kettenrades 62 für den Oberwagen 10 dar. Die Figuren 6c, 6d und 6e zeigen jeweils das Geschwindigkeitsprofil des Oberwagens 10, des Spannwagens 12 bzw. des Legewagens 14. Die nach den Beschleunigungs- und Bremsphasen erreichte maximale Geschwindigkeit des Legewagens 14 kann höher eingestellt sein als die Einlaufgeschwindigkeit des Vlieses 4. Die Figuren 5 und 6 zeigen Weg- und Geschwindigkeitsdiagramme ohne Berücksichtigung eines eingestellten Verzuges.Figures 6a to 6c show the corresponding speed diagrams. From Fig. 6a it can be seen that the inlet speed of the fleece 4 is constant. 6b shows the circumferential speed of the sprocket 62 for the superstructure 10. FIGS. 6c, 6d and 6e each show the speed profile of the superstructure 10, the tensioning carriage 12 and the laying carriage 14. The maximum speed achieved after the acceleration and braking phases Laying carriage 14 can be set higher than the running-in speed of the fleece 4. FIGS. 5 and 6 show path and speed diagrams without taking into account a set delay.

Der Spannwagen 12 dient dazu, das für die zusätzliche Florspeicherung benötigte Förderband zu spannen.The tensioning carriage 12 serves to tension the conveyor belt required for the additional pile storage.

In der Position A beträgt die Bandgeschwindigkeit des ersten Förderbandes 18 bzw. die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Umlenkwalze 24 VE. Diese Geschwindigkeit ist vorzugsweise konstant und bleibt für Vor- und Rücklauf des Legewagens unverändert.In position A, the belt speed of the first conveyor belt 18 or the peripheral speed of the deflecting roller is 24 V E. This speed is preferably constant and remains unchanged for the forward and reverse run of the laying carriage.

Die Legewagengeschwindigkeit in Position B setzt sich zusammen aus der Bandgeschwindigkeit VE abzüglich bzw. zuzüglich Geschwindigkeitskomponenten, die einen vorgegebenen evtl. über die Legebreite veränderlichen Verzug berücksichtigen. Der Verzug kann positiv sein und dann ein Verstrecken des Vlieses bewirken oder negativ sein und eine Stauchung, also eine Florverdickung erzeugen.The laying carriage speed in position B is made up of the belt speed V E minus or plus speed components, which take into account a predefined delay that may vary over the laying width. The warping can be positive and then cause the fleece to stretch or be negative and produce a compression, that is to say a thickening of the pile.

Die Legewagengeschwindigkeit wird mit Hilfe des Kettenrades 64 über eine elektronische Steuerung bestimmt, die die Legewagengeschwindigkeit in Abhängigkeit von dem gewünschten Verzug oder Verzugsverlauf, der Legebreite, der Brems- und Beschleunigungsphasen usw. steuert.The laying carriage speed is determined with the aid of the sprocket 64 via an electronic control which controls the laying carriage speed depending on the desired warping or warping course, the laying width, the braking and acceleration phases, etc.

Die Oberwagengeschwindigkeit in Position C wird über das Kettenrad 62 gemäß folgender Beziehung gesteuert: V O = 1/2 x (V E - (K + 1) / K x V L ) ,

Figure imgb0002
wobei K ein Verzugsfaktor ist, der sich aus dem Verhältnis zwischen der Legewagengeschwindigkeit VL und der Austrittsgeschwindigkeit VA des Vlieses 4 mit K = V L / V A
Figure imgb0003
 ergibt.The superstructure speed in position C is controlled via the sprocket 62 according to the following relationship: V O = 1/2 x (V E - (K + 1) / K x V L ),
Figure imgb0002
 where K is a warpage factor, which results from the ratio between the laying carriage speed V L and the exit speed V A of the fleece 4 K = V L / V A
Figure imgb0003
 results.

Die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit VA des Vlieses 4 ist abhängig von der Bandgeschwindigkeit VE sowie von der Oberwagengeschwindigkeit und der Legewagengeschwindigkeit.The exit speed V A of the fleece 4 is dependent on the belt speed V E and on the superstructure speed and the laying carriage speed.

Die mittlere Legewagengeschwindigkeit entspricht dem Produkt aus Einlaufgeschwindigkeit des Vlieses und mittlerem Verzugsfaktor.The average laying carriage speed corresponds to the product of the running-in speed of the fleece and the average warping factor.

Die Geschwindigkeit VSp des Spannwagens 12 (Pos. D) kann relativ zu den Geschwindigkeiten VO, VL des Oberwagens bzw. des Legewagens durch folgende Beziehung ausgedrückt werden: V Sp = -(V L + V O ) .

Figure imgb0004
The speed V Sp of the tensioning carriage 12 (item D) can be expressed relative to the speeds V O , V L of the uppercarriage or the laying carriage by the following relationship: V Sp = - (V L + V O ).
Figure imgb0004

Die Geschwindigkeiten in den Positionen B, G, C und H werden von elektronischen Steuerungen bestimmt, während sich die Geschwindigkeiten in den Positionen D, E, F und K aus der mechanischen Abhängigkeit zwangsläufig ergeben.The speeds in positions B, G, C and H are determined by electronic controls, while the speeds in positions D, E, F and K inevitably result from the mechanical dependency.

Fig. 7 zeigt das auf dem Abführungsband 6 abgelegte Vlies 4 im Profil.Fig. 7 shows the fleece 4 deposited on the discharge belt 6 in profile.

Fig. 7a verdeutlicht den sogenannten Badewanneneffekt bei der Vliesablage, der bei herkömmlichen Vliesbandlegern durch Verlangsamung des Legewagens im Randbereich entsteht.Fig. 7a illustrates the so-called bathtub effect in the fleece storage, which occurs in conventional fleece tape layers by slowing the laying carriage in the edge area.

Fig. 7b zeigt einen Vliesquerschnitt, wie er durch die beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele erreicht werden kann. Dabei ist der Randbereich nicht verdickt sondern gezielt verdünnt. Die Verdünnung des Randbereichs ist erwünscht, weil die Ränder durch die weitere Verarbeitung oft dicker werden und dadurch ein Ausgleich geschaffen wird.7b shows a fleece cross-section as can be achieved by the described exemplary embodiments. The edge area is not thickened but deliberately thinned. The thinning of the border area is desirable because the edges often become thicker as a result of the further processing, thereby creating a balance.

Es ist aber auch möglich, das Vlies kontinuierlich gleichförmig abzulegen, wie in Fig. 7c gezeigt oder wie in Fig. 7d gezeigt` ein gezielt unregelmäßiges Ablageprofil zu erzeugen.However, it is also possible to lay down the nonwoven continuously in a uniform manner, as shown in FIG. 7c or as shown in FIG. 7d, to produce a specifically irregular placement profile.

Alternativ zu der beschriebenen Antriebskette 52 mit den separat antreibbaren Kettenrädern 62,64 ist es auch möglich, den Oberwagen 10 und den Legewagen 14 unmittelbar über Linearantriebe zu steuern. In diesem Fall wird keine Antriebskette 52 benötigt, allerdings wird mit gleichem Verlauf wie die Antriebskette 52 ein Seilzug eingesetzt, um die Spannwagenbewegung zu steuern.As an alternative to the drive chain 52 described with the separately drivable sprockets 62, 64, it is also possible to control the superstructure 10 and the laying carriage 14 directly via linear drives. In this case, no drive chain 52 is required, but a cable pull is used with the same course as the drive chain 52 in order to control the tensioning carriage movement.

Eine weitere Antriebsvariante besteht darin, einen Verzug unmittelbar durch Steuerung der Geschwindigkeit des Förderbandes 18 an den Stellen E und F einzustellen. Hierzu werden die Umlenkwalzen 28 und 32 bzw. 34 elektronisch gesteuert angetrieben. Anstelle der Antriebskette 52 tritt ein Seilzug, wobei sich die Bewegung des Oberwagens des Spannwagens 12 und des Legewagens 14 allein aus dem Antrieb des Förderbands 18 ergibt.Another drive variant is to set a delay directly by controlling the speed of the conveyor belt 18 at points E and F. For this purpose, the deflecting rollers 28 and 32 or 34 are driven in an electronically controlled manner. A cable pull replaces the drive chain 52, the movement of the upper carriage of the tensioning carriage 12 and the laying carriage 14 resulting solely from the drive of the conveyor belt 18.

Claims (15)

  1. A nonwoven laying device having at least two reciprocating carriages to be accelerated at the reversal points of their moving path, namely an upper carriage (10) and a laying carriage (14) each having a drive means (62,64) associated thereto, and having at least two circulating conveyer belts (18,20) to be guided by guide rollers of the carriages, namely a main conveyer belt and a guiding conveyer belt, and having an electronic control means for the moving process, the laying of the nonwoven being effected with a possible stretching,
    characterized in
    that means (28,32,34;52,62,64) are provided for variably controlling the speed VO of the upper carriage (10) independently of the speed VL of the laying carriage so as to influence the thickness of the nonwoven, and that a tensioning carriage (12) is provided for tensioning the conveyer belt (18) required for the additional nonwoven storage.
  2. The nonwoven laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control means sets the speed VO of the upper carriage to a value corresponding to half the difference between the nonwoven intake speed VE and the product of a factor K' and the laying speed VL, wherein K' = (K+1) / K , with K being a stretching factor.
  3. The nonwoven laying device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper carriage (10), the laying carriage (14) and the tensioning carriage (12) are coupled to each other by a single power transmission element (52), and that a drive means (62) for the upper carriage (10), arranged between the upper carriage (10) and the tensioning carriage (12), and a drive means (64) for the laying carriage (14), arranged between the tensioning carriage (12) and the laying carriage (14), act on the power transmission element (52) independently of each other.
  4. The nonwoven laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the power transmission element consists of a drive chain (52).
  5. The nonwoven laying device according to claim 4, characterized in that each carriage (10,12,14) is driven by a wheel (56,58,60) guiding the drive chain (52).
  6. The nonwoven laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the upper carriage (10), the laying carriage (14) and the tensioning carriage (12) are coupled to each other by a single power transmission element (52) and that the stretching can be set by a respective guide roller (28 or 32,34, respectively) for the main conveyer belt (18), arranged before and behind the laying carriage (14).
  7. The nonwoven laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the upper carriage (10), the laying carriage (14) and the tensioning carriage (12) are coupled to each other by a single power transmission element (52), and that the upper carriage and the laying carriage are driven by an electronically controlled linear drive.
  8. The nonwoven laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the tensioning carriage (12) is provided with a respective guide roller (36,49) for each conveyer belt (18,20).
  9. The nonwoven laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the tensioning carriage (12) consists of two mutually spaced carriage members (11,13) having supported therein the respective guide roller (36,49) for one of the conveyer belts (18,20).
  10. The nonwoven laying device according to claim 9, characterized in that the upper carriage (10) is arranged between the carriage members (11,13) of the tensioning carriage (12).
  11. The nonwoven laying device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the upper and laying carriages (10,14) have one or a plurality of intermediate carriages (16) arranged therebetween.
  12. A process for laying a nonwoven or the like by taking up the nonwoven by a reciprocating upper carriage (10) being guided at least partially between two conveyer belts (18,20) and by releasing the fibrous nonwoven by a laying carriage (14) to be reciprocated over the entire laying width, the laying of the nonwoven being effected with a possible stretching depending on the speed of the laying carriage,
    characterized in
    that the thickness of the nonwoven is influenced through a positive or negative stretching by controlling the speed of the upper carriage independently of the speed of the laying carriage, the conveyer belt (18) required for the additional nonwoven storage being tensioned by a tensioning carriage (12).
  13. The process according to claim 12, characterized in that the thickness of the nonwoven is reduced in the edge region.
  14. The process according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the speed VO of the upper carriage is set to a value corresponding to half the difference between the nonwoven intake speed VE and the product of a factor K' and the speed VL of the laying carriage, wherein K' = (K+1) / K
    Figure imgb0008
    Figure imgb0009
     , with K being the stretching factor.
  15. The process according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the stretching factor is varied over the laying width corresponding to a predetermined function.
EP91906799A 1990-03-30 1991-03-27 Process for laying a nonwoven or the like and nonwoven laying device Expired - Lifetime EP0521973B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94104338A EP0609907B1 (en) 1990-03-30 1991-03-27 Laying device and method for making a non-woven

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4010174A DE4010174A1 (en) 1990-03-30 1990-03-30 METHOD FOR DEPOSITING A FLEECE OR THE LIKE, AND FLEECE STRAP
DE4010174 1990-03-30
PCT/EP1991/000590 WO1991015618A1 (en) 1990-03-30 1991-03-27 Process for laying a nonwoven or the like and nonwoven laying device

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94104338A Division EP0609907B1 (en) 1990-03-30 1991-03-27 Laying device and method for making a non-woven
EP94104338.2 Division-Into 1994-03-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0521973A1 EP0521973A1 (en) 1993-01-13
EP0521973B1 true EP0521973B1 (en) 1995-11-02

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EP94104338A Expired - Lifetime EP0609907B1 (en) 1990-03-30 1991-03-27 Laying device and method for making a non-woven

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US5353477A (en) 1994-10-11
EP0609907A3 (en) 1994-08-31
DE4010174C2 (en) 1992-04-02
EP0609907B1 (en) 2004-11-10
WO1991015618A1 (en) 1991-10-17
EP0609907A2 (en) 1994-08-10
JPH05505858A (en) 1993-08-26
EP0521973A1 (en) 1993-01-13
DE4010174A1 (en) 1991-10-02
DE59109265D1 (en) 2004-12-16
US5400475A (en) 1995-03-28
DE59106828D1 (en) 1995-12-07

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