EP0514580A1 - Converter - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0514580A1
EP0514580A1 EP91108466A EP91108466A EP0514580A1 EP 0514580 A1 EP0514580 A1 EP 0514580A1 EP 91108466 A EP91108466 A EP 91108466A EP 91108466 A EP91108466 A EP 91108466A EP 0514580 A1 EP0514580 A1 EP 0514580A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
converter
arrangement according
converter arrangement
switch
rectifier bridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91108466A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0514580B1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Dr.-Ing. Fuchs
Andreas Dipl.-Ing. Härer
Olaf Dr.-Ing. Niermeyer
Alois Dr.-Ing. Weschta
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Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT91108466T priority Critical patent/ATE126947T1/en
Priority to DE59106324T priority patent/DE59106324D1/en
Priority to EP91108466A priority patent/EP0514580B1/en
Publication of EP0514580A1 publication Critical patent/EP0514580A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0514580B1 publication Critical patent/EP0514580B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L9/00Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B60L9/16Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors
    • B60L9/30Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from different kinds of power-supply lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/443Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M5/45Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26Rail vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a converter arrangement.
  • Such converter arrangements are e.g. used in electric traction vehicles to power the traction motors.
  • each motor is assigned a converter, which consists of an input converter or a four-quadrant actuator (possibility of feeding back into the power grid), an intermediate circuit and a motor-side converter (inverter).
  • the converter arrangement is fed by a transformer which is connected to a single-phase voltage on the primary side.
  • the converter arrangement is located directly on the contact wire.
  • One converter unit with a common DC link is provided for each bogie and feeds two traction motors via inverters.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a converter arrangement in which as much starting torque as possible is retained in the event of a fault.
  • the intermediate circuits are separated in the event of a fault (e.g. short circuit) in one of the converters, so that the converter and thus the motor-side converter (inverter) with the associated traction motor continue to operate.
  • a fault e.g. short circuit
  • inverter motor-side converter
  • the converter arrangement according to the invention is advantageously suitable for both direct current and alternating current feed.
  • the support capacitors in the DC link can be dimensioned smaller, so that there is a particularly space-saving embodiment.
  • the converter arrangement can be designed according to claim 7; the controllable semiconductor elements are advantageously designed as GTO thyristors.
  • Transistors in particular IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors), can also be used for certain applications. With IGBTs in particular, only a small amount of effort is then required for activation.
  • both the four-quadrant actuators and the pulse-controlled inverters can be easily formed from such converter modules. If the converter arrangement is connected to a single-phase voltage, two converter modules are required for each four-quadrant actuator. When using converter modules in the inverter, their number corresponds to the number of phases of the motor.
  • FIG. 1 denotes an input part, which in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is designed as a transformer.
  • the input part 1 is followed by a dash-dotted, framed converter arrangement.
  • the converter arrangement consists of a number of converters corresponding to the number of drive motors (framed in dashed lines in FIG. 1).
  • the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 each include two converters 2, 3 and two drive motors 4, 5.
  • Each converter 2 or 3 consists of at least one input converter 6 or 7 connected to the input part 1, an intermediate circuit ZK1 or ZK2 and a motor-side converter 12 or 13.
  • the two converters 2 and 3 can be connected via at least one switch K4.
  • the intermediate circuits ZK1, ZK2 are separated from one another, so that the undisturbed converter (e.g. converter 3) and thus the motor-side converter (e.g. converter 13) with the associated drive motor (eg drive motor 5) remains in operation.
  • the input converters can e.g. be designed as a rectifier bridges (FIG 2) or as a four-quadrant actuator (FIG 3).
  • the motor-side converters are designed as pulse inverters in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the converter arrangement is fed with alternating current.
  • the transformer 1 has a primary winding connected to a single-phase voltage and first, second and third secondary windings L21, L22, L23.
  • the secondary windings L21, L22, L23 are connected via two converters 2, 3 to a multiphase drive motor 4 or 5, respectively.
  • a number of rectifier bridges 6, 7, 8 (FIG. 2) or four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 (FIG. 3) corresponding to the number of secondary windings L21, L22, L23 are arranged in the inverters 2, 3.
  • Each four-quadrant actuator 9, 10, 11 comprises two converter modules, each of which consists of two GTO thyristors and two diodes connected antiparallel to these.
  • the converter modules 91, 92 are provided with reference numerals and dash-dotted lines only for the four-quadrant actuator 9 bounded.
  • the rectifier bridges 6, 7, 8 or four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 can each be connected to the secondary windings L21, L22, L23 via a switch K1, K2, K3.
  • the first secondary winding L21 is connected to the rectifier bridge 6 of the converter 2 and the second secondary winding L22 is connected to the rectifier bridge 7 of the converter 3.
  • the third secondary winding L23 can be connected via a third switch K3 to the third rectifier bridge 8, which is parallel to the rectifier bridge 6 of the converter 2 as well as to the rectifier bridge 7 of the converter 3.
  • the four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 in FIG. 3 are also connected.
  • the converter modules of the four-quadrant actuator 10, which are not provided with reference symbols, are arranged in the converter 2 and the converter modules of the four-quadrant actuator 11, which are likewise not provided with reference symbols, are arranged in the converter 3.
  • the converter module 91 of the four-quadrant actuator 9 is assigned to the converter 2 and the converter module 92 of the four-quadrant actuator 9 is assigned to the converter 3.
  • a pulse inverter 12 or 13 connected to the drive motor 4 or 5 is also arranged in each converter 2, 3.
  • the pulse inverters 12 and 13 respectively consist of a number of converter modules 14 corresponding to the number of phases of the drive motor 4 and 5, respectively.
  • the structure of the converter modules 14 corresponds to the structure of the converter modules 91 and 92.
  • the rectifier bridges 6, 7, 8 or four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 are coupled to the pulse-controlled inverters 12 and 13 via intermediate circuits ZK1 and ZK2.
  • the intermediate circuits ZK1 and ZK2 each have a backup capacitor C1 or C2, which is connected in parallel to the rectifier bridges 6, 7, 8 (FIG. 2) or to the four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 and the pulse inverters 12, 13 is arranged.
  • the plus poles of the intermediate circuits ZK1 and ZK2 are connected via a connecting line 15, which can be disconnected via a switch K4. Accordingly, the negative poles of the intermediate circuits ZK1 and ZK2 are connected to one another via a connecting line 16, which can be separated by a switch K5.
  • a suction circuit 17 is provided in parallel with the support capacitors C1 and C2, which e.g. is arranged between the positive pole of the intermediate circuit ZK1 and the negative pole of the intermediate circuit ZK2 and which comprises a capacitor C3 and an inductor L3 connected in series therewith.
  • the suction circuit 17 is also connected in parallel with the support capacitor C2 of the intermediate circuit ZK2 via the switch K4.
  • the intermediate circuit ZK1 is then single-pole at the potential of the upper line of the intermediate circuit ZK2 and the rectifier bridges 6,7 (FIG. 2) or the four-quadrant actuators 9,10 (FIG. 3) are inoperative via the open switches K3 or K1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a converter arrangement for producing a multi-phase voltage, whose amplitude and frequency are variable, from a predetermined voltage, in order to supply at least two motors (4, 5), each motor (4, 5) being allocated a converter (2, 3) which consists of an input converter (6, 7, 8), and intermediate circuit (ZK1, ZK2) and a converter (12, 13) on the motor side. In the event of a defect occurring in one of the converters (2, 3), the intermediate circuits (ZK1, ZK2) can be isolated by means of at least one switch (K4, K5) in such a manner that the non-defective converter (2, 3) can continue to operate. As much acceleration torque as possible is therefore still available in the event of a defect. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Umrichteranordnung.The invention relates to a converter arrangement.

Derartige Umrichteranordnungen werden z.B. bei elektrischen Triebfahrzeugen zur Speisung der Fahrmotoren eingesetzt. Bei Hochleistungsfahrzeugen, z.B. Lokomotiven oder Triebköpfen, ist jedem Motor ein Umrichter zugeordnet, der aus einem Eingangsstromrichter bzw. einem Vierquadranten-Steller (Rückspeisemöglichkeit in das Stromnetz), einem Zwischenkreis und einem motorseitigen Stromrichter (Wechselrichter) besteht. Die Umrichteranordnung wird bei Wechselspannungslokomotiven von einem Transformator gespeist, der primärseitig an einer einphasigen Spannung anliegt. Bei Gleichstromeinspeisung liegt die Umrichteranordnung direkt am Fahrdraht. Pro Drehgestell ist eine Stromrichtereinheit mit einem gemeinsamen Zwischenkreis vorgesehen, die über Wechselrichter zwei Fahrmotoren speist.Such converter arrangements are e.g. used in electric traction vehicles to power the traction motors. In high performance vehicles, e.g. Locomotives or power heads, each motor is assigned a converter, which consists of an input converter or a four-quadrant actuator (possibility of feeding back into the power grid), an intermediate circuit and a motor-side converter (inverter). In the case of AC locomotives, the converter arrangement is fed by a transformer which is connected to a single-phase voltage on the primary side. In the case of direct current feeding, the converter arrangement is located directly on the contact wire. One converter unit with a common DC link is provided for each bogie and feeds two traction motors via inverters.

Unabhängig von der Verschaltung der einzelnen Stromrichter bzw. der Vierquadranten-Steller mit der Sekundärwicklung führt ein Kurzschluß (z.B. Durchlegieren von Halbleiter-Elementen) in der Umrichteranordnung zu einem Totalausfall der diesem Zwischenkreis zugeordneten Fahrmotoren. Bei Abschaltung der Stromrichter in einem der beiden Drehgestelle sind dann nur noch 50 % des Anfahrmoments und der Traktionsleistung verfügbar.Irrespective of the connection of the individual converters or the four-quadrant actuators with the secondary winding, a short circuit (e.g. alloying of semiconductor elements) in the converter arrangement leads to a total failure of the traction motors assigned to this intermediate circuit. When the converters in one of the two bogies are switched off, only 50% of the starting torque and traction power are available.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Umrichteranordnung zu schaffen, bei der im Störungsfall noch möglichst viel Anfahrmoment erhalten bleibt.The object of the present invention is to provide a converter arrangement in which as much starting torque as possible is retained in the event of a fault.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 10 beschrieben.The object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are described in claims 2 to 10.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Umrichteranordnung werden bei einer in einem der Umrichter auftretenden Störung (z.B. Kurzschluß) die Zwischenkreise getrennt, so daß der Umrichter und damit der motorseitige Stromrichter (Wechselrichter) mit zugehörigem Fahrmotor weiter in Betrieb bleibt. Bei einer Lokomotive, bei der beide Fahrmotoren je Drehgestell über eine Umrichteranordnung gespeist werden, ergibt sich - bezogen auf ein Drehgestell - nur eine Verminderung der Anfahrmomente um 50 %. Damit stehen noch 75 % der Anfahrzugkraft der Lokomotive zur Verfügung. Dadurch kann die Lok trotz eines Kurzschlusses in einem der Umrichter ihre Fahrt mit verminderter Geschwindigkeit fortsetzen. Der Einsatz einer Lok zum Abschleppen sowie die dann unvermeidlichen Fahrplanstörungen werden vermieden.In the converter arrangement according to the invention, the intermediate circuits are separated in the event of a fault (e.g. short circuit) in one of the converters, so that the converter and thus the motor-side converter (inverter) with the associated traction motor continue to operate. In the case of a locomotive in which both traction motors are fed per bogie via a converter arrangement, there is only a 50% reduction in starting torque in relation to a bogie. This means that 75% of the locomotive's starting traction is still available. This enables the locomotive to continue its journey at a reduced speed despite a short circuit in one of the inverters. The use of a locomotive for towing and the then unavoidable schedule disturbances are avoided.

Die erfindungsgemäße Umricheranordnung ist in vorteilhafter Weise sowohl für Gleichstrom- als auch für Wechselstromeinspeisung geeignet.The converter arrangement according to the invention is advantageously suitable for both direct current and alternating current feed.

Bei einer Umrichteranordnung gemäß Anspruch 6 können die Stützkondensatoren im Gleichspannungs-Zwischenkreis kleiner dimensiondiert werden, so daß sich eine besonders raumsparende Ausführungsform ergibt.In a converter arrangement according to claim 6, the support capacitors in the DC link can be dimensioned smaller, so that there is a particularly space-saving embodiment.

Ist eine Rückspeisung des Stromes in das Netz erwünscht, so kann der Umrichteranordnung gemäß Anspruch 7 ausgeführt werden; die steuerbaren Halbleiter-Elemente sind hierbei in vorteilhafter Weise als GTO-Thyristoren ausgebildet. Für bestimmte Anwendungfälle können auch Transistoren, insbesondere IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) eingesetzt werden. Speziell bei IGBTs ist dann nur ein geringer Aufwand zur Ansteuerung erforderlich.If the current is to be fed back into the network, the converter arrangement can be designed according to claim 7; the controllable semiconductor elements are advantageously designed as GTO thyristors. Transistors, in particular IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors), can also be used for certain applications. With IGBTs in particular, only a small amount of effort is then required for activation.

Werden jeweils zwei Gleichrichter-Dioden und die dazu antiparallel geschalteten GTO-Thyristoren zu einem baugleichen Stromrichtermodul zusammengefaßt, dann können sowohl die Vierquadranten-Steller als auch die Pulswechselrichter auf einfache Weise aus derartigen Stromrichtermodulen gebildet werden. Liegt die Umrichteranordnung an einer einphasigen Spannung an, dann werden für jeden Vierquadranten-Steller zwei Stromrichtermodule benötigt. Bei Verwendung von Stromrichtermodulen im Wechselrichter entspricht deren Anzahl der Phasenzahl des Motors.If two rectifier diodes and the GTO thyristors connected in antiparallel to each other are combined to form an identical converter module, both the four-quadrant actuators and the pulse-controlled inverters can be easily formed from such converter modules. If the converter arrangement is connected to a single-phase voltage, two converter modules are required for each four-quadrant actuator. When using converter modules in the inverter, their number corresponds to the number of phases of the motor.

Die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen werden im folgenden anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.
Darin zeigen:

FIG 1
eine einpolige Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Umrichteranordnung im Blockschaltbild,
FIG 2
ein Prinzip-Schaltbild einer Ausführungsform der Umrichteranordnung gemäß FIG 1 mit Gleichrichterbrücken in den Umrichtern,
FIG 3
ein Prinzip-Schaltbild gemäß FIG 2 jedoch mit Vierquadranten-Stellern anstelle der Gleichrichterbrücken.
The invention and further advantageous refinements are explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.
In it show:
FIG. 1
2 shows a single-pole representation of the converter arrangement according to the invention in the block diagram,
FIG 2
2 shows a basic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the converter arrangement according to FIG. 1 with rectifier bridges in the converters,
FIG 3
a schematic diagram according to FIG 2 but with four quadrant actuators instead of the rectifier bridges.

In FIG 1 ist mit 1 ein Eingangsteil bezeichnet, das bei den Ausführungsbeispielen gemäß FIG 2 und 3 als Transformator ausgebildet ist. Dem Eingangsteil 1 ist eine strichpunktiert umrahmte Umrichteranordnung nachgeschaltet. Die Umrichteranordnung besteht aus einer der Anzahl der Antriebsmotoren entsprechenden Anzahl von Umrichtern (in FIG 1 gestrichelt umrahmt). Die in den FIG 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele umfassen jeweils zwei Umrichter 2,3 sowie zwei Antriebsmotoren 4,5.In FIG. 1, 1 denotes an input part, which in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is designed as a transformer. The input part 1 is followed by a dash-dotted, framed converter arrangement. The converter arrangement consists of a number of converters corresponding to the number of drive motors (framed in dashed lines in FIG. 1). The exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 each include two converters 2, 3 and two drive motors 4, 5.

Jeder Umrichter 2 bzw.3 besteht aus wenigstens einem an das Eingangsteil 1 geschalteten Eingangs-Stromrichter 6 bzw.7, einem Zwischenkreis ZK1 bzw.ZK2 und einem motorseitigen Stromrichter 12 bzw.13. Die beiden Umrichter 2 bzw.3 sind über wenigstens einen Schalter K4 verbindbar. Bei einer in einem der Umrichter 2,3 auftretenden Störung (z.B. Kurzschluß im Zwischenkreis) werden die Zwischenkreise ZK1,ZK2 voneinander getrennt, so daß der ungestörte Umrichter (z.B. der Umrichter 3) und damit der motorseitige Stromrichter (z.B. Stromrichter 13) mit zugehörigem Antriebsmotor (z.B. Antriebsmotor 5) weiter in Betrieb bleibt.Each converter 2 or 3 consists of at least one input converter 6 or 7 connected to the input part 1, an intermediate circuit ZK1 or ZK2 and a motor-side converter 12 or 13. The two converters 2 and 3 can be connected via at least one switch K4. In the event of a fault in one of the inverters 2, 3 (e.g. short circuit in the intermediate circuit), the intermediate circuits ZK1, ZK2 are separated from one another, so that the undisturbed converter (e.g. converter 3) and thus the motor-side converter (e.g. converter 13) with the associated drive motor (eg drive motor 5) remains in operation.

Die Eingangs-Stromrichter können z.B. als Gleichrichterbrücken (FIG 2) oder als Vierquadranten-Steller (FIG 3) ausgebildet sein. Die motorseitigen Stromrichter sind in den FIG 2 und 3 als Pulswechselrichter ausgebildet.The input converters can e.g. be designed as a rectifier bridges (FIG 2) or as a four-quadrant actuator (FIG 3). The motor-side converters are designed as pulse inverters in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Bei den in FIG 2 und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Umrichteranordnung von Wechselstrom gespeist. Der Transformator 1 weist eine an einer einphasigen Spannung anliegende Primärwicklung sowie eine erste, zweite und dritte Sekundärwicklung L21, L22,L23 auf. Die Sekundärwicklungen L21,L22,L23 sind über zwei Umrichter 2,3 an jeweils einen mehrphasigen Antriebsmotor 4 bzw.5 geschaltet.In the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the converter arrangement is fed with alternating current. The transformer 1 has a primary winding connected to a single-phase voltage and first, second and third secondary windings L21, L22, L23. The secondary windings L21, L22, L23 are connected via two converters 2, 3 to a multiphase drive motor 4 or 5, respectively.

In den Umrichtern 2,3 sind eine der Anzahl der Sekundärwicklungen L21,L22,L23 entsprechende Anzahl von Gleichrichterbrücken 6,7,8 (FIG 2) bzw. Vierquadranten-Stellern 9,10,11 (FIG 3) angeordnet. Jeder Vierquadranten-Steller 9,10,11 umfaßt zwei Stromrichtermodule, die jeweils aus zwei GTO-Thyristoren und zwei zu diesen antiparallel geschalteten Dioden bestehen. In FIG 2 sind aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nur beim Vierquadranten-Steller 9 die Stromrichtermodule 91,92 mit Bezugszeichen versehen und strichpunktiert umgrenzt. Die Gleichrichterbrücken 6,7,8 bzw. Vierquadranten-Steller 9,10,11 sind über jeweils einen Schalter K1,K2,K3 an die Sekundärwicklungen L21,L22,L23 schaltbar.A number of rectifier bridges 6, 7, 8 (FIG. 2) or four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 (FIG. 3) corresponding to the number of secondary windings L21, L22, L23 are arranged in the inverters 2, 3. Each four-quadrant actuator 9, 10, 11 comprises two converter modules, each of which consists of two GTO thyristors and two diodes connected antiparallel to these. In FIG. 2, for reasons of clarity, the converter modules 91, 92 are provided with reference numerals and dash-dotted lines only for the four-quadrant actuator 9 bounded. The rectifier bridges 6, 7, 8 or four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 can each be connected to the secondary windings L21, L22, L23 via a switch K1, K2, K3.

Bei drei Sekundärwicklungen L21,L22,L23 und zwei Umrichtern 2,3 ist die erste Sekundärwicklung L21 mit der Gleichrichterbrücke 6 des Umrichters 2 und die zweite Sekundärwicklung L22 mit der Gleichrichterbrücke 7 des Umrichters 3 verbunden. Die dritte Sekundärwicklung L23 ist über eien dritten Schalter K3 an die dritte Gleichrichterbrücke 8 anschaltbar, die sowohl zu der Gleichrichterbrücke 6 des Umrichters 2 als auch zu der Gleichrichterbrücke 7 des Umrichters 3 parallel liegt.With three secondary windings L21, L22, L23 and two inverters 2, 3, the first secondary winding L21 is connected to the rectifier bridge 6 of the converter 2 and the second secondary winding L22 is connected to the rectifier bridge 7 of the converter 3. The third secondary winding L23 can be connected via a third switch K3 to the third rectifier bridge 8, which is parallel to the rectifier bridge 6 of the converter 2 as well as to the rectifier bridge 7 of the converter 3.

Analog zu der Verschaltung der Gleichrichterbrücken 6,7,8 in FIG 2 sind auch die Vierquadranten-Steller 9,10,11 in FIG 3 geschaltet. Die nicht mit Bezugszeichen versehenen Stromrichtermodule des Vierquadranten-Stellers 10 sind im Umrichter 2 und die ebenfalls nicht mit Bezugszeichen versehenen Stromrichtermodule des Vierquadranten-Stellers 11 sind im Umrichter 3 angeordnet. Das Stromrichtermodul 91 des Vierquadranten-Stellers 9 ist dem Umrichter 2 und das Stromrichtermodul 92 des Vierquadranten-Stellers 9 ist dem Umrichter 3 zugeordnet.Analogous to the connection of the rectifier bridges 6, 7, 8 in FIG. 2, the four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 in FIG. 3 are also connected. The converter modules of the four-quadrant actuator 10, which are not provided with reference symbols, are arranged in the converter 2 and the converter modules of the four-quadrant actuator 11, which are likewise not provided with reference symbols, are arranged in the converter 3. The converter module 91 of the four-quadrant actuator 9 is assigned to the converter 2 and the converter module 92 of the four-quadrant actuator 9 is assigned to the converter 3.

In jedem Umrichter 2,3 ist ferner ein mit dem Antriebsmotor 4 bzw.5 verbundener Pulswechselrichter 12 bzw.13 angeordnet. Die Pulswechselrichter 12 bzw.13 bestehen aus einer der Phasenzahl des Antriebsmotors 4 bzw.5 entsprechenden Anzahl von Stromrichtermodulen 14. Der Aufbau der Stromrichtermodule 14 entspricht dem Aufbau der Stromrichtermodule 91 und 92.A pulse inverter 12 or 13 connected to the drive motor 4 or 5 is also arranged in each converter 2, 3. The pulse inverters 12 and 13 respectively consist of a number of converter modules 14 corresponding to the number of phases of the drive motor 4 and 5, respectively. The structure of the converter modules 14 corresponds to the structure of the converter modules 91 and 92.

Die Gleichrichterbrücken 6,7,8 bzw. Vierquadranten-Steller 9,10,11 sind über Zwischenkreise ZK1 und ZK2 mit den Pulswechselrichtern 12 bzw.13 gekoppelt. Die Zwischenkreise ZK1 und ZK2 weisen jeweils einen Stützkondensator C1 bzw.C2 auf, der parallel zu den Gleichrichterbrücken 6,7,8 (FIG 2) bzw. zu den Vierquadranten-Stellern 9,10,11 sowie den Pulswechselrichtern 12,13 angeordnet ist.The rectifier bridges 6, 7, 8 or four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 are coupled to the pulse-controlled inverters 12 and 13 via intermediate circuits ZK1 and ZK2. The intermediate circuits ZK1 and ZK2 each have a backup capacitor C1 or C2, which is connected in parallel to the rectifier bridges 6, 7, 8 (FIG. 2) or to the four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 and the pulse inverters 12, 13 is arranged.

Die Verbindung der Pluspole der Zwischenkreise ZK1 und ZK2 erfolgt über eine Verbindungsleitung 15, die über einen Schalter K4 trennbar ist. Entsprechend sind die Minuspole der Zwischenkreise ZK1 und ZK2 über eine Verbindungsleitung 16, die über einen Schalter K5 trennbar ist, miteinander verbunden.The plus poles of the intermediate circuits ZK1 and ZK2 are connected via a connecting line 15, which can be disconnected via a switch K4. Accordingly, the negative poles of the intermediate circuits ZK1 and ZK2 are connected to one another via a connecting line 16, which can be separated by a switch K5.

Parallel zu den Stützkondensatoren C1 und C2 ist ein Saugkreis 17 vorgesehen, der z.B. zwischen dem Pluspol des Zwischenkreises ZK1 und dem Minuspol des Zwischenkreises ZK2 angeordnet ist und der einen Kondensator C3 und eine dazu in Reihe geschaltete Induktivität L3 umfaßt.A suction circuit 17 is provided in parallel with the support capacitors C1 and C2, which e.g. is arranged between the positive pole of the intermediate circuit ZK1 and the negative pole of the intermediate circuit ZK2 and which comprises a capacitor C3 and an inductor L3 connected in series therewith.

Aufgrund der getrennten Sekundärwicklungen ist eine versetzte Taktung der steuerbaren Halbleiterelemente in den Gleichrichterbrücken 6,7,8 bzw. den Vierquadranten-Stellern 9,10,11 möglich. Man erhält dadurch sowohl in den Zwischenkreisen ZK1,ZK2 als auch in der Primärwicklung L1 des Transformators 1 geringere Oberschwingungsströme.Due to the separate secondary windings, an offset timing of the controllable semiconductor elements in the rectifier bridges 6, 7, 8 or the four-quadrant actuators 9, 10, 11 is possible. As a result, lower harmonic currents are obtained both in the intermediate circuits ZK1, ZK2 and in the primary winding L1 of the transformer 1.

Im ungestörten Betrieb sind alle Schalter K1 bis K5 geschlossen. Die beiden Stützkondensatoren C1 und C2 mit den angeschlossenen Gleichrichterbrücken (FIG 2) bzw. Stromrichtermodulen (FIG 3) liegen parallel. Tritt nun ein Störfall auf, z.B. Kurzschluß im Zwischenkreis ZK1 des Umrichters 2, so werden die Schalter K1,K3 und K5 geöffnet. Der Umrichter 2 und damit der Antriebsmotor 4 sind dann außer Betrieb. Es ergibt sich damit ein Verlust von 2/3 der Leistung und von 50 % des Anfahrmoments, da nur noch die Gleichrichterbrücke 7 bzw. der Vierquadranten-Steller 11 über den geschlossenen Schalter K2 in den Zwischenkreis ZK2 einspeist, so daß nur noch der Pulswechselrichter 13 des Umrichters 3 in Betrieb ist und den Antriebsmotor 5 mit Spannung versorgt.In undisturbed operation, all switches K1 to K5 are closed. The two support capacitors C1 and C2 with the connected rectifier bridges (FIG 2) or converter modules (FIG 3) are in parallel. If a malfunction occurs, for example a short circuit in the DC link ZK1 of the converter 2, the switches K1, K3 and K5 are opened. The converter 2 and thus the drive motor 4 are then out of operation. This results in a loss of 2/3 of the power and 50% of the starting torque, since only the rectifier bridge 7 or the four-quadrant actuator 11 feeds into the intermediate circuit ZK2 via the closed switch K2, so that only the pulse inverter 13 of the converter 3 is in operation and supplies the drive motor 5 with voltage.

Der Saugkreis 17 ist über den Schalter K4 weiterhin zum Stützkondensator C2 des Zwischenkreises ZK2 parallel geschaltet. Der Zwischenkreis ZK1 liegt dann einpolig auf dem Potential der oberen Leitung des Zwischenkreises ZK2 und die Gleichrichterbrücken 6,7 (FIG 2) bzw. die Vierquadranten-Steller 9,10 (FIG 3) sind über die geöffneten Schalter K3 bzw.K1 außer Funktion.The suction circuit 17 is also connected in parallel with the support capacitor C2 of the intermediate circuit ZK2 via the switch K4. The intermediate circuit ZK1 is then single-pole at the potential of the upper line of the intermediate circuit ZK2 and the rectifier bridges 6,7 (FIG. 2) or the four-quadrant actuators 9,10 (FIG. 3) are inoperative via the open switches K3 or K1.

Bei einem Kurzschluß im Zwischenkreis ZK2 des Umrichters 3 ergeben sich analoge Verhältnisse. In diesem Fall öffnen sich die Schalter K2,K3 und K4 und der Umrichter 3 sowie der Antriebsmotor 5 sind dann außer Betrieb.In the event of a short circuit in the intermediate circuit ZK2 of the converter 3, the situation is similar. In this case, the switches K2, K3 and K4 open and the converter 3 and the drive motor 5 are then out of operation.

Claims (10)

Umrichteranordnung zur Erzeugung einer in Amplitude und Frequenz veränderbaren, mehrphasigen Spannung aus einer vorgegebenen Spannung zur Speisung von wenigstens zwei Motoren (4,5), wobei jedem Motor (4,5) ein aus einem Eingangs-Stromrichter (6,7,8), einem Zwischenkreis (ZK1,ZK2) und einem motorseitigen Stromrichter (12,13) bestehender Umrichter (2,3) zugeordnet ist, wobei die Zwischenkreise (ZK1,ZK2) bei einer auftretenden Störung durch wenigstens einen Schalter (K4,K5) derart trennbar sind, daß der ungestörte Umrichter (2,3) weiterhin betreibbar ist.Converter arrangement for generating a multi-phase voltage which can be varied in amplitude and frequency from a predetermined voltage for supplying at least two motors (4,5), each motor (4,5) having an input converter (6,7,8), an intermediate circuit (ZK1, ZK2) and a motor-side converter (12, 13) are assigned to existing converters (2, 3), the intermediate circuits (ZK1, ZK2) being able to be separated in this way in the event of a fault by at least one switch (K4, K5) that the undisturbed converter (2,3) can still be operated. Umrichteranordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß bei einer Gleichstromeinspeisung der gestörte Stromrichter vom Netz und vom Zwischenkreis vollständig trennbar ist.
Converter arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized by
that with a direct current feed the faulty converter can be completely separated from the mains and the intermediate circuit.
Umrichteranordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß bei Wechselstromeinspeisung die Eingangs-Stromrichter (6,7,8) als Gleichrichterbrücken und die motorseitigen Stromrichter (12,13) als Wechselrichter ausgebildet sind.
Converter arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized by
that the input power converters (6, 7, 8) are designed as rectifier bridges and the motor-side power converters (12, 13) are designed as inverters when AC is fed in.
Umrichteranordnung nach Anspruch 3,
gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale: - zur Speisung der Umrichteranordnung ist ein Transformator (1) vorgesehen, der eine an einer einphasigen Spannung anliegende Primärwicklung (L1) sowie eine erste, zweite und dritte Sekundärwicklung (L21,L22,L23) aufweist; - die erste Sekundärwicklung (L21) ist über einen ersten Schalter (K1) an die Gleichrichterbrücke (6) des einen Umrichters (2) und die zweite Sekundärwicklung (L22) ist über einen zweiten Schalter (K2) an die Gleichrichterbrücke (7) des anderen Umrichters (3) anschaltbar; - die dritte Sekundärwicklung (L23) ist über einen dritten Schalter (K3) an einer weiteren Gleichrichterbrücke (8) anschaltbar, die sowohl zu der Gleichrichterbrücke (6) des einen Umrichters (2) als auch zu der Gleichrichterbrücke (7) des anderen Umrichters (3) parallel liegt; - die gleichnamigen Pole der Zwischenkreise (ZK1,ZK2) der beiden Umrichter (2,3) sind über einen vierten Schalter (K4) und einen fünften Schalter (K5) verbindbar.
Converter arrangement according to claim 3,
characterized by the following features: - To supply the converter arrangement, a transformer (1) is provided, which has a primary winding (L1) applied to a single-phase voltage and a first, second and third secondary winding (L21, L22, L23); - The first secondary winding (L21) is via a first switch (K1) to the rectifier bridge (6) of one Converter (2) and the second secondary winding (L22) can be connected to the rectifier bridge (7) of the other converter (3) via a second switch (K2); - The third secondary winding (L23) can be connected via a third switch (K3) to a further rectifier bridge (8), which connects both to the rectifier bridge (6) of one converter (2) and to the rectifier bridge (7) of the other converter ( 3) is parallel; - The poles of the same name of the intermediate circuits (ZK1, ZK2) of the two converters (2, 3) can be connected via a fourth switch (K4) and a fifth switch (K5).
Umrichteranordnung nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Gleichrichterbrücken (6,7,8) steuerbar sind.
Converter arrangement according to claim 4,
characterized by
that the rectifier bridges (6,7,8) are controllable.
Umrichteranordnung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwischen dem Pluspol des einen Zwischenkreises (ZK1) und dem Minuspol des anderen Zwischenkreises (ZK2) ein Saugkreis (17) angeordnet ist, der wenigstens einen Kondensator (C3) und wenigstens eine dazu in Reihe geschaltete Induktivität (L3) umfaßt.
Converter arrangement according to claim 4 or 5,
characterized by
that a suction circuit (17) is arranged between the positive pole of one intermediate circuit (ZK1) and the negative pole of the other intermediate circuit (ZK2), which comprises at least one capacitor (C3) and at least one inductor (L3) connected in series.
Umrichteranordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß den Dioden der Gleichrichterbrücken (6,7,8) steuerbare Halbleiter-Elemente antiparallel geschaltet sind.
Converter arrangement according to one of Claims 4 to 6,
characterized by
that the diodes of the rectifier bridges (6,7,8) controllable semiconductor elements are connected antiparallel.
Umrichteranordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Wechselrichter (12,13) als Pulswechselrichter ausgebildet ist und zu den steuerbaren Halbleiter-Elementen Dioden antiparallel geschaltet sind.
Converter arrangement according to one of Claims 4 to 7,
characterized by
that the inverter (12, 13) is designed as a pulse inverter and diodes are connected antiparallel to the controllable semiconductor elements.
Umrichteranordnung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die steuerbaren Halbleiter-Elemente als GTO-Thyristoren oder Transistoren ausgebildet sind.
Converter arrangement according to claim 7 or 8,
characterized by
that the controllable semiconductor elements are designed as GTO thyristors or transistors.
Umrichteranordnung nach Anspruch 7 und 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß jeweils eine Gleichrichterbrücke (6,7,8,) mit den dazu antiparallel geschalteten GTO-Thyristoren bzw. Transistoren einen Vierquadranten-Steller (9,10,11) bildet.
Converter arrangement according to claims 7 and 9,
characterized by
that each rectifier bridge (6, 7, 8,) forms a four-quadrant actuator (9, 10, 11) with the GTO thyristors or transistors connected antiparallel to it.
EP91108466A 1991-05-24 1991-05-24 Converter Expired - Lifetime EP0514580B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91108466T ATE126947T1 (en) 1991-05-24 1991-05-24 CONVERTER ARRANGEMENT.
DE59106324T DE59106324D1 (en) 1991-05-24 1991-05-24 Inverter arrangement.
EP91108466A EP0514580B1 (en) 1991-05-24 1991-05-24 Converter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91108466A EP0514580B1 (en) 1991-05-24 1991-05-24 Converter

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EP0514580A1 true EP0514580A1 (en) 1992-11-25
EP0514580B1 EP0514580B1 (en) 1995-08-23

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DE (1) DE59106324D1 (en)

Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0655363A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-05-31 ABBPATENT GmbH Traction power converter for a railway vehicle
EP0657321A1 (en) * 1993-12-13 1995-06-14 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa High availability multi-current supply system for a locomotive
EP0666640A1 (en) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Supply circuit for a DC locomotive
EP0666641A1 (en) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Supply circuit for a multisystem locomotive
DE19547465C1 (en) * 1995-12-19 1996-12-19 Siemens Ag Static converter arrangement with coupled voltage links e.g. for traction drives
WO2008031587A2 (en) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-20 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Drive energy supply in rail vehicles
WO2017207498A1 (en) * 2016-06-01 2017-12-07 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Electrical system of a rail vehicle, rail vehicle and method for operating an electrical system
CN111095766A (en) * 2017-09-14 2020-05-01 西门子股份公司 Intermediate circuit coupling in driver groups
EP3823133A4 (en) * 2018-09-06 2022-04-27 Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co., Ltd. Train rescue power supply circuit, control method and device

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0655363A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-05-31 ABBPATENT GmbH Traction power converter for a railway vehicle
US5629591A (en) * 1993-12-13 1997-05-13 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa High-availability multicurrent power supply system for the traction unit of a railway locomotive
EP0657321A1 (en) * 1993-12-13 1995-06-14 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa High availability multi-current supply system for a locomotive
FR2713565A1 (en) * 1993-12-13 1995-06-16 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa High availability multicurrent power system for railway locomotive.
EP0666640A1 (en) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Supply circuit for a DC locomotive
EP0666641A1 (en) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Supply circuit for a multisystem locomotive
EP0780959A3 (en) * 1995-12-19 1999-01-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Converter system with coupled DC link circuits
EP0780959A2 (en) * 1995-12-19 1997-06-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Converter system with coupled DC link circuits
DE19547465C1 (en) * 1995-12-19 1996-12-19 Siemens Ag Static converter arrangement with coupled voltage links e.g. for traction drives
WO2008031587A2 (en) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-20 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Drive energy supply in rail vehicles
WO2008031587A3 (en) * 2006-09-14 2008-08-28 Bombardier Transp Gmbh Drive energy supply in rail vehicles
WO2017207498A1 (en) * 2016-06-01 2017-12-07 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Electrical system of a rail vehicle, rail vehicle and method for operating an electrical system
CN109219534A (en) * 2016-06-01 2019-01-15 庞巴迪运输有限公司 Electric system, rail vehicle and the method for running electric system of rail vehicle
RU2729108C2 (en) * 2016-06-01 2020-08-04 Бомбардир Транспортацион Гмбх Electric system of rail vehicle, rail vehicle and method of operating electric system
US10857888B2 (en) 2016-06-01 2020-12-08 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Electrical system of a rail vehicle, rail vehicle, and process for operating an electrical system
CN109219534B (en) * 2016-06-01 2022-03-22 庞巴迪运输有限公司 Electrical system of a rail vehicle, rail vehicle and method for operating an electrical system
CN111095766A (en) * 2017-09-14 2020-05-01 西门子股份公司 Intermediate circuit coupling in driver groups
CN111095766B (en) * 2017-09-14 2023-10-17 西门子股份公司 Intermediate circuit coupling in a driver bank
EP3823133A4 (en) * 2018-09-06 2022-04-27 Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co., Ltd. Train rescue power supply circuit, control method and device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE126947T1 (en) 1995-09-15
DE59106324D1 (en) 1995-09-28
EP0514580B1 (en) 1995-08-23

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