EP0512279A1 - Apparatus for feeding and reversing of trays loaded with kitchen utensils - Google Patents

Apparatus for feeding and reversing of trays loaded with kitchen utensils Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0512279A1
EP0512279A1 EP92106376A EP92106376A EP0512279A1 EP 0512279 A1 EP0512279 A1 EP 0512279A1 EP 92106376 A EP92106376 A EP 92106376A EP 92106376 A EP92106376 A EP 92106376A EP 0512279 A1 EP0512279 A1 EP 0512279A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chain
turning
conveyor belt
belt
chain conveyor
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Granted
Application number
EP92106376A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0512279B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Litterst
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Premark FEG LLC
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Premark FEG Corp
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Publication of EP0512279A1 publication Critical patent/EP0512279A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/24—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware with movement of the crockery baskets by conveyors
    • A47L15/247—Details specific to conveyor-type machines, e.g. curtains

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for feeding, turning and, if necessary, sorting trays loaded with crockery parts into dishwashers, with a loading conveyor feeding the trays to the lower end of an approximately semicircular turning path in cross section, and with removal devices at the upper end of the turning path, which are bent laterally by stationary, curved ones Rails and inside to the center of curvature bounded by an endless inner band and is open to the outside, the inner band being evenly spaced with rods projecting outwards.
  • a machine with the above-mentioned features is in operation in various canteens and restorations and represents an improvement of a clearing device for used dining utensils known from DE-PS 24 43 651.
  • This known clearing device has a clearing drum rotating around a horizontal axis radially placed, attached to the drum, elastic driver fingers, which is opposed by a plurality of fixed, curved rails which form a turning channel with the drum surface.
  • discharge devices in the form of slides, belts or the like are provided behind the upper end of the turning channel in order to separate the trays arriving in the dishwashing position, which is more convenient in terms of flushing technology, from the dishes.
  • the feed device described at the outset is already a simplification of the devices and devices known from the publications, but it is still in need of improvement in that, if possible, all transfer stations at the interfaces between different conveyors should be switched off.
  • the drive and design of the guideways for the trays and the crockery parts often present certain difficulties insofar as in the area of the turning path the feed machines known and used hitherto carry out the workpieces to be turned from the side opposite the loading conveyor .
  • the engagement between the workpiece to be conveyed and the conveyor takes place in the area of the loading conveyor from below and outside, while the engagement in the area of the turning path takes place from the inside via the inner belt and with the rods projecting outwards.
  • Jamming is sometimes unavoidable, and the conveyance takes place partly through the inside of the workpieces, so that the rods can only partially touch and convey the dishes via napkins or food waste.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving the device of the type mentioned in such a way that the trays and dishes are guided more reliably and the drive of the entire turning unit can be made less susceptible to faults and more robust.
  • the feed conveyor is designed as an endlessly rotating chain conveyor belt which is driven in one piece up to the upper end of the turning path and which is guided in the region of the turning path by chain rails attached to the side thereof.
  • the term one-piece refers here to viewing the entire turning device from the side, so that the still straight and generally horizontal loading area is designed without interruption, so to speak seamlessly, into the curved turning path and continuously up to its upper end.
  • the chain conveyor belt which is pulled through in one piece, consists of a pair of chain conveyor belts pulled through in this way, namely a chain conveyor belt on each side of the turning path when the device is viewed in perspective.
  • the turning path has the shape of a half cylinder jacket with two flat sides and the curved jacket surface.
  • Chain rails guide the respective chain conveyor belt on the respective side of the turning track in a new way from the lower loading area to the upper end of the turning track. This measure advantageously eliminates any handover of the workpieces to be conveyed, here the tray loaded with dishes, according to the invention.
  • the trays are only conveyed by this outer chain conveyor belt (which should always be thought of in pairs), while the inner belt only has a holding or supporting function and may not even have to be driven.
  • the rotating inner tether is also driven synchronously with the respective outer chain conveyor belt.
  • the entire turning device in this way has substantially fewer sources of interference and instead the entire structure is more robust.
  • the drive of the turning unit can also be simplified, since the force for conveying the trays and dishes through the turning path essentially only needs to be applied by the outer chain conveyor belt and introduced into the trays, while hardly any effort is required to drive the inner circumferential holding belt got to.
  • the inner belt which is preferably designed as a lattice belt
  • the inner tether will preferably designed as a grid belt in such a way that it rotates, for example, on a pear-shaped track seen in cross section.
  • This endless, circumferentially driven inner mesh belt is composed of crossbars, which are connected to one another in an articulated manner by lugs, similar to a bicycle chain.
  • This inner lattice belt is guided with its cross bars in the shape of a pear because freely rotatable rollers are arranged at the two ends of the respective cross bars, which are guided by correspondingly pear-shaped rails (again in pairs).
  • the mesh belt is driven by a pair of gears.
  • the space between the two guide rails is spanned by the lattice belt, which has only the holding function, and carries it freely.
  • the turning path is open inwards to the center of the curvature, and food remnants can fall between the band rods in the course of turning.
  • This mesh belt with holding function is driven via the gear pair mentioned, the teeth of these gear wheels engaging between the rollers on the cross bars in the edges of the mesh belt.
  • the longitudinal center line of the holding rods is inclined by at least 10 ° with respect to this imaginary radial line in the direction of rotation of the grating retaining band, 15 ° and 20 ° also being used, an inclination of 15 ° is even preferred.
  • Both the chain rails for the chain conveyor belt and the link guide rails for the holding mesh belt are arranged in the area of the turning path on the side of the same and on the side of the holding rods, so that their outer free end can rotate without a counter bearing and without a counterpart.
  • This opposite arises only through the workpieces to be turned themselves, in particular through the trays, which have such a standardized width that they extend from one side of the turning path to the other and are certainly supported laterally by the pair of chain conveyor belts. Crockery items on the trays, like the trays themselves, are prevented from slipping, namely supported and held, by the holding rods. The conveyance and thrust of the parts to be turned, however, is from the outer chain conveyor belt upset.
  • the chain conveyor belt has some outwardly projecting conveyor projections, which are provided on at least some of the chain links. These conveying projections are intended to engage edges already present on the trays or workpieces to be turned, so that a certain type of positive connection is created, so that the entire thrust and conveying force from the outer chain conveyor belt to the workpieces to be turned can be applied.
  • conveyor plates formed according to the invention from plastic or the like are positively connected to the chain links of the chain conveyor belt by means of snap locks or similar devices.
  • This construction allows the use of a simple chain conveyor belt with chain links and articulated links connecting these links to one another, which can even be removed and used from standardized standard programs, only the conveyor plates having to be specially designed and preferably equipped with locking means in order to ensure full functionality for the Provide turning path for trays.
  • the flat sides of the turning track are delimited by supporting cheeks which connect the chain rails of the chain conveyor belt and the link guide rails of the inner lattice holding belt to one another.
  • the construction of the device is evidently simplified and robust as a result, and with correspondingly large supporting cheeks the entire turning area can optionally be closed to the outside, so that spray water can be applied from all sides to the turning track and the workpieces carried therein, with the result of excellent pre-cleaning .
  • each chain rail has a longitudinal groove which is open only towards the turning path and preferably has undercuts for rotatably accommodating it from the outside on the respective chain conveyor belt Casters.
  • chain rails can be provided for the upper run separately from the lower run of the chain conveyor belt, these can also be connected or formed in one piece, provided that a longitudinal groove can only be set up for the respective run.
  • Each chain conveyor belt of the pair is located on one side of the turning path, the flat side mentioned, and the grooves open towards one another, so that each chain conveyor belt allows rollers which project to the side with respect to the turning path to be pushed into these longitudinal grooves.
  • the guides of the pair of the chain conveyor belt are on the sides of the turning path while the space is open to the inside.
  • the advantages resulting from this are the inexpensive supply of splash water to any point in the area of the turning path and also the favorable removal of food scraps, serviettes or other dirt or substances from the trays and dishes to be cleaned.
  • Undisturbed and functionally reliable, the rollers run in the longitudinal grooves of the chain rails and ensure reliable and trouble-free operation.
  • the turning device of the embodiment shown here starting from the loading area I and reaching over a turning path 2 to its upper end X, has a chain conveyor belt 3 which is pulled through in one piece over this entire area.
  • this chain conveyor belt 3 is shown as a chain-link belt, but it goes without saying that a further rear chain conveyor belt of the same construction is arranged at the distance behind the front belt and in synchronism with the front Belt revolves so that only the front visible in Figure 1 for clarity Chain conveyor belt 3 is described.
  • this chain conveyor belt runs horizontally and at the lower end Y of the turning channel 2 merges into a semicircular curved area seen from the side, which ends at the upper, outlet-side end X of the turning channel 2.
  • the inner curved run of the chain conveyor belt 3 is regarded as the curved inner edge 4, which is opposite a second curved inner edge 4 of the other chain conveyor belt 3 behind it at a distance of the width of the turning channel 2 not shown in the drawings. If one were to rotate the viewing direction perpendicular to the paper plane of FIG. 1 from the front curved inner edge 4 to the rear counterclockwise around the center of curvature 5, this would result in an imaginary semi-cylindrical surface, which is actually completely open in the device shown here.
  • stationary curved link guide rails 6 run, also in pairs as described above for the chain conveyor belt, via which link guide rails 6 an inner mesh belt 7 with evenly spaced outwards projecting rods 8 is pulled around.
  • This endless, inner grid belt 7 runs on a pear-shaped path seen in the side view of FIG. 1, including the center of curvature 5, in that a gear pair 9 is rotatably driven to the side of the center of curvature 5 facing away from the turning channel 2, around which the grid belt 7 also rotates, wherein the gears 9 connected to each other by a shaft, not shown, engage with their teeth in the inner mesh belt 7 for driving it.
  • the direction of rotation of the inner lattice belt 7 is shown by the arrow 10 and runs counterclockwise around the center of curvature 5 synchronously with the inner run (inner edge 4) of the chain conveyor belt 3 arranged outside behind the turning track 2, the direction of rotation of which is shown by the two curved arrows 10 ' .
  • FIG. 1 Behind the front curved stationary rail 6 shown in FIG. 1 there is a further curved rail 6 at a distance approximately equal to the width of the turning channel 2, not shown, and the area stretched between them is cantilevered by the grating belt 7.
  • a conveyor belt 11, shown broken off, runs around a deflection roller, which is only drawn in dashed lines and is not designated in any more detail, as a discharge device.
  • a slide 12 is slanted, which also has the function of a discharge device, because the turned trays leave the upper end X of the turning channel 2 with the discharge belt 11, and from the holding rods 8 dishes still held are picked up by the discharge chute 12 when leaving the turning channel 2 and fed to further conveyor devices (not shown here) for the supply to dishwashers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a tray 13 with crockery parts 14 on it with solid lines in the loading area 1 and with dashed lines (without crockery parts) in the lower area of the turning channel 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows one of the chain conveyor belts 3 arranged in pairs, the detailed structure of which will now be described. It is always necessary to refer to only one of the two chain conveyor belts 3, since the other one is mirror-symmetrical to the dash-dotted line 15 shown on the right in FIG.
  • a support cheek 16 opposite the plane of symmetry 15 on the left are two stationary and curved rails 17, 17 ′ arranged one above the other at a radial distance r and located mainly in the region of the turning channel 2.
  • Another embodiment of these rails 17, 17 ' is shown to the left in FIG. 2 (connected by the identification "OR"), the two separate curved rails being combined in a single block 17'.
  • Both the individual chain rails 17, 17 'and the plate-shaped block structure 17' 'for these chain rails have a longitudinal groove 18 which is only open towards the turning path 2, that is to say to the right in FIG. 2, and has a width such that it has the diameter of a Rollers 19 picks up.
  • the latter has an undercut 20 in order to accommodate disks 21 which protrude radially beyond the diameter of the rollers 19, as a result of which the roller 19 is prevented from sliding out of the longitudinal grooves 18.
  • each chain link 22 has the shape of an L, one leg of the L being connected to the axis 24 of the roller 19 and a conveyor plate 25, preferably made of plastic, being positively attached to the other leg of the L.
  • Mushroom-shaped in cross-section, longitudinally for flexible evasion split latches 26 ensure the firm connection between the conveyor plate 25 and chain link 22.
  • every second conveyor plate 25 has at least one conveyor projection 27, which for the positive engagement between the chain conveyor belt 3 and the workpieces to be conveyed , such as trays 13.
  • FIG. 4 The detail denoted by Y in FIG. 1 at the lower entry of the turning channel 2 is shown enlarged in FIG. 4 and shows this positive engagement between the rear edge 13 'of the tray 13 on the one hand and the conveying projection 27 of the conveying plate 25 on the other hand.
  • trays 13 loaded with crockery parts are placed on the chain conveyor belt 3 in the loading area I in such a way that the tray 13 cantileverly spans the free space between the two spaced-apart chain conveyor belts 3. In this way, according to FIG. 1, the loaded tray 13 moves from left to right to the lower end Y of the turning path 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows the alternatives 15 ° and 20 ° in the direction of conveyance 10 of the respective radial direction inclined holding rods 8 with their ends 28 in engagement either with the tray 13 as shown in FIG. 4 or also with dishes and / or the tray 13 located on the tray.
  • the upper free end 28 of the holding rods 8 does not engage the chain conveyor belt 3 but runs past the contour or the curved inner edge 4 of the chain conveyor belt 3.
  • the holding rods 8 are fastened on feet 29 which are arranged between the tabs 30 of the inner retaining grid belt 7.
  • the tabs 30 are in turn connected to one another via transverse rods 31, at the ends of which freely rotatable rollers 32 are arranged. The latter are guided by the link guide rails 6, which with the support cheeks 16 Rails 17, 17 'of the chain conveyor 3 are connected.
  • the inner grating belt 7 run endlessly, but also the chain conveyor belt 3, namely around the two deflection rollers 33 and 34 - partly, namely mainly in the area of the turning path 2, through the chain rails 17, 17 'and 17' '.
  • the holding rods 8 ensure that the workpieces to be conveyed remain relative to one another or the rear pushing edge 13 'with respect to the conveying projection 27, so that lifting and turning without substantial displacement of the workpieces.
  • the trays 13 are gripped and carried away by the discharge conveyor 14, while the rods of the discharge chute 12 which subsequently engage between the holding rods 8 pick up and remove the dishes, if any, are present.

Landscapes

  • Washing And Drying Of Tableware (AREA)
  • Framework For Endless Conveyors (AREA)
  • Intermediate Stations On Conveyors (AREA)
  • Branching, Merging, And Special Transfer Between Conveyors (AREA)
  • Structure Of Belt Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

A turning and sorting apparatus for trays (13) loaded with crockery (14) is described. This apparatus is provided with a loading conveyor (I, 3), which feeds the trays (13) to the lower end (Y) of a semicircular turning path (2), and with outgoing conveying apparatuses (11, 12) at the upper end of the conveying path (2) which is bounded laterally by stationary, curved rails and on the inside towards the centre point (5) of curvature by a continuous inner belt (7) and which is open towards the outside. The inner belt (7) is fitted evenly with outwardly projecting bars (8). For more reliable guiding of trays with the crockery and a more sturdy design of the drive of the overall apparatus, provision is made for the loading conveyor (I, 3) to be constructed as a chain conveyor belt (3) which is driven in continuous circulation and is made integrally up to the upper end (X) of the turning path (2). In the region (from Y to X) of the turning path (2), said chain conveyor belt is guided by chain rails mounted on each side of said turning path. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Zuführen, Wenden und gegebenenfalls Sortieren von mit Geschirrteilen beladenen Tabletts zu Spülmaschinen, mit einem die Tabletts dem unteren Ende einer im Querschnitt etwa halbkreisförmigen Wendebahn zuführenden Beschickungsförderer und mit Abfördereinrichtungen am oberen Ende der Wendebahn, welche seitlich durch stationäre, gebogene Schienen und innen zum Krümmungsmittelpunkt hin durch ein endloses inneres Band begrenzt sowie nach außen offen ist, wobei das innere Band in gleichmäßigen Abständen mit nach außen ragenden Stäben besetzt ist.The invention relates to a device for feeding, turning and, if necessary, sorting trays loaded with crockery parts into dishwashers, with a loading conveyor feeding the trays to the lower end of an approximately semicircular turning path in cross section, and with removal devices at the upper end of the turning path, which are bent laterally by stationary, curved ones Rails and inside to the center of curvature bounded by an endless inner band and is open to the outside, the inner band being evenly spaced with rods projecting outwards.

Eine Maschine mit den vorstehend genannten Merkmalen ist in der Praxis in verschiedenen Kantinen und Restaurationen in Betrieb und stellt eine Verbesserung eines aus dem DE-PS 24 43 651 bekannten Abräumgerätes für benutztes Speisegeschirr dar. Dieses bekannte Abräumgerät weist eine um eine horizontale Achse umlaufende Abräumtrommel mit radial gestellten, an der Trommel angebrachten, elastischen Mitnehmerfingern auf, welcher eine Mehrzahl von ortsfesten, gebogenen Schienen gegenübersteht, die mit der Trommeloberfläche einen Wendekanal bilden. In Laufrichtung der Abräumtrommel gesehen sind hinter dem oberen Ende des Wendekanals Abfördereinrichtungen in Form von Rutschen, Bändern oder dergleichen vorgesehen, um die in spültechnisch günstiger, gewendeter Lage ankommenden Tabletts getrennt von den Geschirrteilen abzuführen.A machine with the above-mentioned features is in operation in various canteens and restorations and represents an improvement of a clearing device for used dining utensils known from DE-PS 24 43 651. This known clearing device has a clearing drum rotating around a horizontal axis radially placed, attached to the drum, elastic driver fingers, which is opposed by a plurality of fixed, curved rails which form a turning channel with the drum surface. When viewed in the direction of travel of the clearing drum, discharge devices in the form of slides, belts or the like are provided behind the upper end of the turning channel in order to separate the trays arriving in the dishwashing position, which is more convenient in terms of flushing technology, from the dishes.

Aus der DE-PS 34 13 480 ist bereits eine ähnliche Abräum-, Sortier- und Zuführvorrichtung wie das zuletzt beschriebene bekannte Abräumgerät bekannt geworden. Diese jüngere Zuführvorrichtung für eine Geschirrspülanlage verwendet nicht mehr die unmittelbar auf der Abräumtrommeloberfläche angebrachten und radial nach außen herausstehenden Mitnehmerfinger, sondern sie verwendet ein endlos umlaufendes Förderband, auf welchem in regelmäßigen Abständen Fingerglieder angeordnet sind zur Übernahme der an die Unterseite des Wendekanals herangeführten Tabletts mit den schmutzigen Geschirrteilen. Dieses Förderband ist um die glatte Oberfläche einer walzenförmigen Wendetrommel gelegt und wird durch Reibschluß von dieser oder einer anderen entfernt davon angeordneten Umlenktrommel angetrieben.From DE-PS 34 13 480 a similar clearing, sorting and feeding device as the known clearing device described last has already become known. This more recent feeding device for a dishwashing system no longer uses the driver fingers which are directly attached to the clearing drum surface and protrude radially outwards, but instead uses an endlessly rotating conveyor belt on which finger links are arranged at regular intervals to take over the trays with the ones brought to the underside of the turning channel dirty dishes. This conveyor belt is placed around the smooth surface of a roller-shaped reversing drum and is driven by frictional engagement of this or another deflection drum arranged away therefrom.

Die eingangs beschriebene Zuführvorrichtung ist bereits eine Vereinfachung der aus den Druckschriften bekannten Geräte und Vorrichtungen, sie ist aber dennoch verbesserungswürdig dahingehend, daß möglichst alle Übergabestationen an den Nahtstellen zwischen verschiedenen Förderern ausgeschaltet werden sollten. Im Hinblick auf die bisherigen Zuführ-und Wendevorrichtungen bereitet Antrieb und Ausgestaltung der Führungsbahnen für die Tabletts und die Geschirrteile häufig gewisse Schwierigkeiten insofern, als im Bereich der Wendebahn die bisher bekannten und verwendeten Zuführmaschinen die Förderung der zu wendenden Werkstücke von der dem Beschickungsförderer gegenüberliegenden Seite durchführt. Mit anderen Worten erfolgt der Eingriff zwischen dem zu fördernden Werkstück und dem Förderer im Bereich des Beschickungsförderers von unten und außen, während der Eingriff im Bereich der Wendebahn von innen her über das innere Band und mit den nach außen ragenden Stäben erfolgt. Verklemmungen sind bisweilen unvermeidbar, und die Förderung erfolgt teilweise über das Innere der Werkstücke nach außen, so daß die Stäbe teilweise das Geschirr nur über Servietten oder Speisereste berühren und fördern können.The feed device described at the outset is already a simplification of the devices and devices known from the publications, but it is still in need of improvement in that, if possible, all transfer stations at the interfaces between different conveyors should be switched off. With regard to the previous feed and turning devices, the drive and design of the guideways for the trays and the crockery parts often present certain difficulties insofar as in the area of the turning path the feed machines known and used hitherto carry out the workpieces to be turned from the side opposite the loading conveyor . In other words, the engagement between the workpiece to be conveyed and the conveyor takes place in the area of the loading conveyor from below and outside, while the engagement in the area of the turning path takes place from the inside via the inner belt and with the rods projecting outwards. Jamming is sometimes unavoidable, and the conveyance takes place partly through the inside of the workpieces, so that the rods can only partially touch and convey the dishes via napkins or food waste.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art so zu verbessern, daß die Tabletts und Geschirrteile zuverlässiger geführt und der Antrieb der gesamten Wendeeinheit weniger störanfällig und robuster gestaltet werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of improving the device of the type mentioned in such a way that the trays and dishes are guided more reliably and the drive of the entire turning unit can be made less susceptible to faults and more robust.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß der Beschickungsförderer als endlos umlaufend angetriebenes und bis zum oberen Ende der Wendebahn einstückig durchgezogenes Kettenförderband ausgebildet ist, welches im Bereich der Wendebahn durch an jeder Seite derselben angebrachte Kettenschienen geführt ist. Der Begriff der Einstückigkeit bezieht sich hier auf die Betrachtung der gesamten Wendevorrichtung von der Seite her, wobei also der noch geradlinige und im allgemeinen horizontal verlaufende Beschickungsbereich ohne Unterbrechung, sozusagen fugenlos, in die gekrümmte Wendebahn und bis zu deren oberem Ende hin durchgehend ausgestaltet ist. Das in diesem Sinne einstückig durchgezogene Kettenförderband besteht bei perspektivischer Betrachtung der Vorrichtung aus einem Paar von derart durchgezogenen Kettenförderbändern, nämlich jeweils ein Kettenförderband auf jeder Seite der Wendebahn. Die Wendebahn hat dabei die Form eines halben Zylindermantels mit zwei ebenen Seiten und der gekrümmten Manteloberfläche. Kettenschienen führen auf der jeweiligen Seite der Wendebahn das jeweilige Kettenförderband in der neuartigen Weise aus dem unteren Beschickungsbereich bis zum oberen Ende der Wendebahn. Durch diese Maßnahme entfällt erfindungsgemäß mit Vorteil jegliche Übergabe der zu fördernden Werkstücke, hier des mit Geschirrteilen beladenen Tabletts. In neuartiger Weise werden die Tabletts nur von diesem äußeren Kettenförderband (welches stets paarweise zu denken ist) gefördert, während das innere Band nur noch Halte- bzw. Stützfunktion hat und gegebenenfalls nicht einmal angetrieben zu sein braucht. Bei einigen bevorzugten Ausführungsformen ist jedoch das umlaufende innere Halteband ebenfalls synchron zu dem jeweiligen äußeren Kettenförderband angetrieben.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the feed conveyor is designed as an endlessly rotating chain conveyor belt which is driven in one piece up to the upper end of the turning path and which is guided in the region of the turning path by chain rails attached to the side thereof. The term one-piece refers here to viewing the entire turning device from the side, so that the still straight and generally horizontal loading area is designed without interruption, so to speak seamlessly, into the curved turning path and continuously up to its upper end. In this sense, the chain conveyor belt, which is pulled through in one piece, consists of a pair of chain conveyor belts pulled through in this way, namely a chain conveyor belt on each side of the turning path when the device is viewed in perspective. The turning path has the shape of a half cylinder jacket with two flat sides and the curved jacket surface. Chain rails guide the respective chain conveyor belt on the respective side of the turning track in a new way from the lower loading area to the upper end of the turning track. This measure advantageously eliminates any handover of the workpieces to be conveyed, here the tray loaded with dishes, according to the invention. In a new way, the trays are only conveyed by this outer chain conveyor belt (which should always be thought of in pairs), while the inner belt only has a holding or supporting function and may not even have to be driven. In some preferred embodiments, however, the rotating inner tether is also driven synchronously with the respective outer chain conveyor belt.

Es ist für den Fachmann ersichtlich, daß die gesamte Wendevorrichtung auf diese Weise wesentlich weniger Störquellen hat und stattdessen der gesamte Aufbau robuster ist. Auch der Antrieb der Wendeeinheit kann vereinfacht werden, denn die Kraft zum Fördern der Tabletts und Geschirrteile durch die Wendebahn braucht im wesentlichen nur durch das äußere Kettenförderband aufgebracht und in die Tabletts eingeleitet zu werden, während für den Antrieb des inneren umlaufenden Haltebandes kaum Aufwand getrieben werden muß.It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the entire turning device in this way has substantially fewer sources of interference and instead the entire structure is more robust. The drive of the turning unit can also be simplified, since the force for conveying the trays and dishes through the turning path essentially only needs to be applied by the outer chain conveyor belt and introduced into the trays, while hardly any effort is required to drive the inner circumferential holding belt got to.

Zweckmäßig ist es erfindungsgemäß ferner, wenn auf dem vorzugsweise als Gitterband ausgestalteten inneren Band in Laufrichtung desselben nach vom um wenigstens 10° geneigte Haltestäbe derart angeordnet sind, daß ihre äußeren freien Enden bis nahe an die Höhe der gekrümmten Innenkante des Kettenförderbandes heranreichen. Das innere Halteband wird vorzugsweise als Gitterband derart ausgestaltet, daß es z.B. auf einer im Querschnitt gesehen birnenförmigen Bahn umläuft. Dieses endlose, umlaufend angetriebene innere Gitterband wird aus Querstangen zusammengesetzt, die ähnlich wie bei einer Fahrradkette durch Laschen gelenkig miteinander verbunden sind. Zwischen den Querstangen sitzen auf Füßen zwischen den Laschen, die den Abstand von Stange zu Stange überbrücken, die Haltestäbe, welche im Bereich der Wendebahn von oben in die Tabletts bzw. die darauf befindlichen Geschirrteile ragen, um Geschirrteile und Tabletts am Herunterfallen oder Wegrutschen zu hindern. Eine besondere Kraft zum Fördern oder Hochheben durch die Wendebahn hindurch, braucht von den Haltestäben nicht aufgebracht zu werden. Dieses innere Gitterband wird mit seinen Querstangen deshalb in der Birnenform geführt, weil an den beiden Enden der jeweiligen Querstangen frei drehbare Rollen angeordnet sind, die von entsprechend birnenförmig gestalteten Schienen (auch hier wieder paarweise) geführt werden. Dabei wird das Gitterband über ein Zahnradpaar angetrieben. Den Raum zwischen den beiden Führungsschienen überspannt das allein Haltefunktion ausübende Gitterband frei tragend. Dadurch ist die Wendebahn nach innen zum Krümmungsmittelpunkt hin offen, und Speisereste können im Verlaufe des Wendens zwischen den Bandstäben hindurchfallen. Der Antrieb dieses Gitterbandes mit Haltefunktion erfolgt über das erwähnte Zahnradpaar, wobei die Zähne dieser Zahnräder zwischen die Rollen an den Querstäben in die Ränder des Gitterbandes eingreifen.It is also expedient according to the invention if, on the inner belt, which is preferably designed as a lattice belt, are arranged in the running direction thereof by holding rods inclined by at least 10 ° in such a way that their outer free ends come close to the height of the curved inner edge of the chain conveyor belt. The inner tether will preferably designed as a grid belt in such a way that it rotates, for example, on a pear-shaped track seen in cross section. This endless, circumferentially driven inner mesh belt is composed of crossbars, which are connected to one another in an articulated manner by lugs, similar to a bicycle chain. Between the crossbars sit on feet between the tabs, which bridge the distance from bar to bar, the holding rods, which protrude from above into the trays or the crockery parts on top of them in order to prevent crockery parts and trays from falling down or slipping away . A special force for conveying or lifting through the turning path need not be applied by the holding rods. This inner lattice belt is guided with its cross bars in the shape of a pear because freely rotatable rollers are arranged at the two ends of the respective cross bars, which are guided by correspondingly pear-shaped rails (again in pairs). The mesh belt is driven by a pair of gears. The space between the two guide rails is spanned by the lattice belt, which has only the holding function, and carries it freely. As a result, the turning path is open inwards to the center of the curvature, and food remnants can fall between the band rods in the course of turning. This mesh belt with holding function is driven via the gear pair mentioned, the teeth of these gear wheels engaging between the rollers on the cross bars in the edges of the mesh belt.

Nach dem vorstehend erwähnten Merkmal der Neigung der Haltestäbe ragen diese also nicht mehr radial nach außen, wie es bei den bekannten Maschinen häufig der Fall ist, sondern erhalten eine bessere Steifigkeit durch ihre Vorausneigung. Denkt man sich im Bereich der Wendebahn von deren Krümmungsmittelpunkt nach außen eine radiale Linie, dann ist die Längsmittellinie der Haltestäbe um wenigstens 10° gegenüber dieser radialen gedachten Linie nach vom in Drehrichtung des Gitterhaltebandes gekippt, wobei auch 15° und 20° verwendet, eine Neigung von 15° sogar bevorzugt ist.According to the above-mentioned feature of the inclination of the holding rods, they no longer protrude radially outwards, as is often the case with the known machines, but instead obtain a better rigidity due to their inclination. If one imagines a radial line in the area of the turning path from the center of its curvature to the outside, then the longitudinal center line of the holding rods is inclined by at least 10 ° with respect to this imaginary radial line in the direction of rotation of the grating retaining band, 15 ° and 20 ° also being used, an inclination of 15 ° is even preferred.

Sowohl die Kettenschienen für das Kettenförderband als auch die Kulissenführungsschienen für das haltende Gitterband sind im Bereich der Wendebahn seitlich derselben und seitlich der Haltestäbe angeordnet, so daß deren äußeres freies Ende ohne Gegenlager und ohne Gegenüber umlaufen kann. Dieses Gegenüber ergibt sich erst durch die zu wendenden Werkstücke selbst, insbesondere durch die Tabletts, die eine solche genormte Breite haben, daß sie von einer Seite der Wendebahn zur anderen reichen und mit Sicherheit seitlich von dem Paar der Kettenförderbänder gestützt werden. Auf den Tabletts befindliche Geschirrteile werden ebenso wie die Tabletts selbst von den Haltestäben am Wegrutschen gehindert, nämlich abgestützt und gehalten. Die Förderung und Schubkraft der zu wendenden Teile hingegen wird von dem äußeren Kettenförderband aufgebracht. Bei der seitlichen Betrachtung des Kettenförderbandes ergibt sich beim Rotieren der Sichtlinie eine gekrümmte Innenkante, das ist derjenige Halbkreis, der sich durch die umlaufende Sichtlinie auf der Höhe der Innenkante des Kettenförderbandes ergibt Bis etwa auf diese Höhe reichen also die äußeren freien Enden der Haltestäbe. Dadurch ergibt sich die besonders gute Halte- und Stützfunktion der Haltestäbe, wenn Tabletts und gegebenenfalls auch auf diesen befindliche Geschirrteile zusammen mit den Tabletts durch die Wendebahn herumgeführt werden.Both the chain rails for the chain conveyor belt and the link guide rails for the holding mesh belt are arranged in the area of the turning path on the side of the same and on the side of the holding rods, so that their outer free end can rotate without a counter bearing and without a counterpart. This opposite arises only through the workpieces to be turned themselves, in particular through the trays, which have such a standardized width that they extend from one side of the turning path to the other and are certainly supported laterally by the pair of chain conveyor belts. Crockery items on the trays, like the trays themselves, are prevented from slipping, namely supported and held, by the holding rods. The conveyance and thrust of the parts to be turned, however, is from the outer chain conveyor belt upset. When the chain conveyor belt is viewed from the side, a curved inner edge results when the line of sight is rotated, that is the semicircle that results from the circumferential line of sight at the level of the inner edge of the chain conveyor belt. The outer free ends of the holding rods therefore extend up to this height. This results in the particularly good holding and supporting function of the holding rods when trays and possibly also crockery parts located thereon are guided through the turning path together with the trays.

Bei weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist das Kettenförderband einige nach außen ragende Fördervorsprünge auf, die nämlich an wenigstens einigen der Kettenglieder vorgesehen sind. Diese Fördervorsprünge sind dafür vorgesehen, mit an den Tabletts oder zu wendenden Werkstücken ohnehin vorhandenen Kanten in Eingriff zu treten, so daß über diese eine gewisse Art Formschluß entsteht, so daß die gesamte Schub- und Förderkraft von eben dem äußeren Kettenförderband auf die zu wendenden Werkstücke aufgebracht werden kann.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the chain conveyor belt has some outwardly projecting conveyor projections, which are provided on at least some of the chain links. These conveying projections are intended to engage edges already present on the trays or workpieces to be turned, so that a certain type of positive connection is created, so that the entire thrust and conveying force from the outer chain conveyor belt to the workpieces to be turned can be applied.

Dabei ist es besonders günstig, wenn erfindungsgemäß aus Kunststoff oder dergleichen gebildete Förderplatten durch Schnappriegel oder ähnliche Einrichtungen mit den Kettengliedern des Kettenförderbandes formschlüssig verbunden sind. Dieser Aufbau gestattet die Verwendung eines einfachen Kettenförderbandes mit Kettengliedern und über Gelenkbolzen diese Glieder miteinander verbindenden Gelenkverbindungen, die sogar aus normierten Standardprogrammen herausgenommen und verwendet werden können, wobei nur die Förderplatten speziell ausgestaltet und vorzugsweise mit Verriegelungsmitteln ausgestattet sein müssen, um die volle Funktionsweise für die Wendebahn für Tabletts zu erbringen.It is particularly advantageous if conveyor plates formed according to the invention from plastic or the like are positively connected to the chain links of the chain conveyor belt by means of snap locks or similar devices. This construction allows the use of a simple chain conveyor belt with chain links and articulated links connecting these links to one another, which can even be removed and used from standardized standard programs, only the conveyor plates having to be specially designed and preferably equipped with locking means in order to ensure full functionality for the Provide turning path for trays.

Weiterhin ist es erfindungsgemäß zweckmäßig, wenn die ebenen Seiten der Wendebahn durch Stützwangen begrenzt sind, welche die Kettenschienen des Kettenförderbandes und die Kulissenführungsschienen des inneren Gitterhaltebandes miteinander verbinden. Die Konstruktion der Vorrichtung wird ersichtlich hierdurch vereinfacht und robuster, und bei entsprechend groß ausgestalteten Stützwangen kann gegebenenfalls der gesamte Wendebereich nach außen abgeschlossen werden, so daß Spritzwasser von allen Seiten auf die Wendebahn und die darin umgeführten Werkstücke aufgebracht werden kann mit der Folge einer hervorragenden Vorreinigung.Furthermore, it is expedient according to the invention if the flat sides of the turning track are delimited by supporting cheeks which connect the chain rails of the chain conveyor belt and the link guide rails of the inner lattice holding belt to one another. The construction of the device is evidently simplified and robust as a result, and with correspondingly large supporting cheeks the entire turning area can optionally be closed to the outside, so that spray water can be applied from all sides to the turning track and the workpieces carried therein, with the result of excellent pre-cleaning .

Die Erfindung ist weiterhin vorteilhaft dadurch ausgestaltet, daß jede Kettenschiene eine nur zur Wendebahn hin geöffnete und vorzugsweise Hinterschneidungen aufweisende Längsnut aufweist zur führenden Aufnahme von außen an dem jeweiligen Kettenförderband drehbar angeordneten Laufrollen. Zwar kann man für das Obertrum getrennt vom Untertrum des Kettenförderbandes Kettenschienen vorsehen, diese können aber auch einstückig miteinander verbunden oder ausgebildet sein, sofern nur für das jeweilige Trum eine Längsnut eingerichtet werden kann. Jedes Kettenförderband des Paares befindet sich an einer Seite der Wendebahn, der erwähnten ebenen Seite, und die Nuten öffnen sich aufeinanderzu, so daß jedes Kettenförderband zur Seite bezüglich der Wendebahn ragende Laufrollen in diese Längsnuten hineinzuschieben erlaubt. Mit anderen Worten sind die Führungen des Paares des Kettenförderbandes an den Seiten der Wendebahn, während der Raum nach innen hin offen ist. Die sich hierdurch ergebenden Vorteile sind das günstige Zuführen von Spritzwasser an beliebige Stellen im Bereich der Wendebahn und auch das günstige Herausfördern von Speiseresten, Servietten oder anderen Schmutzteilen oder Stoffen von den zu reinigenden Tabletts und Geschirrteilen. Ungestört davon und funktionssicher laufen die Laufrollen in den Längsnuten der Kettenschienen und gewährleisten einen zuverlässigen und störungsfreien Betrieb.The invention is furthermore advantageously designed in that each chain rail has a longitudinal groove which is open only towards the turning path and preferably has undercuts for rotatably accommodating it from the outside on the respective chain conveyor belt Casters. Although chain rails can be provided for the upper run separately from the lower run of the chain conveyor belt, these can also be connected or formed in one piece, provided that a longitudinal groove can only be set up for the respective run. Each chain conveyor belt of the pair is located on one side of the turning path, the flat side mentioned, and the grooves open towards one another, so that each chain conveyor belt allows rollers which project to the side with respect to the turning path to be pushed into these longitudinal grooves. In other words, the guides of the pair of the chain conveyor belt are on the sides of the turning path while the space is open to the inside. The advantages resulting from this are the inexpensive supply of splash water to any point in the area of the turning path and also the favorable removal of food scraps, serviettes or other dirt or substances from the trays and dishes to be cleaned. Undisturbed and functionally reliable, the rollers run in the longitudinal grooves of the chain rails and ensure reliable and trouble-free operation.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen in Verbindung mit den anliegenden Zeichnungen. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
schematisch die Seitenansicht des Beschickungs- und Wendebereiches der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit den Abfördereinrichtungen und des birnenförmig umlaufenden inneren Gitterhaltebandes,
Figur 2
eine Querschnittsansicht am oberen Ende X der Wendebahn, wenn man von links nach rechts auf die Darstellung der Figur 3 blickt,
Figur 3
die Einzelheit X im Bereich des strichpunktierten Kreises am oberen Ende der Wendebahn und
Figur 4
abgebrochen und teilweise schematisiert eine Einzelansicht entsprechend dem unteren Ende Y der Wendebahn der Figur 1 im Bereich des unteren strichpunktierten kleineren Kreises.
Further advantages, features and possible applications of the present invention result from the following description of preferred embodiments in conjunction with the attached drawings. Show it:
Figure 1
schematically the side view of the loading and turning area of the device according to the invention with the discharge devices and the pear-shaped inner grid holding belt,
Figure 2
3 shows a cross-sectional view at the upper end X of the turning track, if one looks from left to right at the illustration in FIG. 3,
Figure 3
the detail X in the area of the dash-dotted circle at the upper end of the turning path and
Figure 4
broken off and partially schematized a single view corresponding to the lower end Y of the turning track of Figure 1 in the area of the lower dash-dotted smaller circle.

Die Wendevorrichtung der hier gezeigten Ausführungsform weist, vom Beschickungsbereich I ausgehend und über eine Wendebahn 2 bis zu deren oberem Ende X reichend, ein über diesen gesamten Bereich einstückig durchgezogenes Kettenförderband 3 auf. In der Seitenansicht der Figuren 1, 3 und 4 ist dieses Kettenförderband 3 als Kettenglieder aufweisendes Band dargestellt, es versteht sich aber, daß über die Breite der Vorrichtung im Abstand hinter dem vorderen Band ein weiteres hinteres Kettenförderband gleichen Aufbaus angeordnet ist und synchron mit dem vorderen Band umläuft, so daß zur klareren Darstellung nur das in Figur 1 sichtbare vordere Kettenförderband 3 beschrieben wird.The turning device of the embodiment shown here, starting from the loading area I and reaching over a turning path 2 to its upper end X, has a chain conveyor belt 3 which is pulled through in one piece over this entire area. In the side view of Figures 1, 3 and 4, this chain conveyor belt 3 is shown as a chain-link belt, but it goes without saying that a further rear chain conveyor belt of the same construction is arranged at the distance behind the front belt and in synchronism with the front Belt revolves so that only the front visible in Figure 1 for clarity Chain conveyor belt 3 is described.

Im Beschickungsbereich I verläuft dieses Kettenförderband horizontal und geht am unteren Ende Y des Wendekanals 2 in einen von der Seite gesehen halbkreisförmigen gebogenen Bereich über, der am oberen, auslaufseitigen Ende X des Wendekanals 2 endet.In the loading area I, this chain conveyor belt runs horizontally and at the lower end Y of the turning channel 2 merges into a semicircular curved area seen from the side, which ends at the upper, outlet-side end X of the turning channel 2.

Das innere gebogene Trum des Kettenförderbandes 3 wird als die gekrümmte Innenkante 4 angesehen, der im Abstand der in den Zeichnungen nicht gezeigten Breite des Wendekanals 2 in Figur 1 dahinter eine zweite gekrümmte Innenkante 4 des anderen Kettenförderbandes 3 gegenübersteht. Würde man die senkrecht auf die Papierebene der Figur 1 fallende Blickrichtung von der vorderen gekrümmten Innenkante 4 auf die hintere im Gegenuhrzeigersinn um den Krümmungsmittelpunkt 5 drehen, dann ergäbe sich eine gedachte halbzylindermantelförmige Fläche, die tatsächlich aber bei der hier gezeigten Vorrichtung vollkommen offen ist.The inner curved run of the chain conveyor belt 3 is regarded as the curved inner edge 4, which is opposite a second curved inner edge 4 of the other chain conveyor belt 3 behind it at a distance of the width of the turning channel 2 not shown in the drawings. If one were to rotate the viewing direction perpendicular to the paper plane of FIG. 1 from the front curved inner edge 4 to the rear counterclockwise around the center of curvature 5, this would result in an imaginary semi-cylindrical surface, which is actually completely open in the device shown here.

In bestimmtem, gleichmäßigem Abstand von der gekrümmten Innenkante 4 nach innen zum Krümmungsmittelpunkt 5 hin verlaufen etwa parallel zum Kettenförderband 3 stationäre gebogene Kulissenführungsschienen 6, ebenso paarweise wie vorstehend für das Kettenförderband beschrieben, über welche Kulissenführungsschienen 6 ein inneres Gitterband 7 mit in gleichmäßigen Abständen nach außen ragenden Stäben 8 herumgezogen wird. Dieses endlose, innere Gitterband 7 läuft auf einer in der Seitenansicht der Figur 1 gesehen birnenförmigen Bahn unter Einschluß des Krümmungsmittelpunktes 5 dadurch um, daß zu der dem Wendekanal 2 abgewandten Seite des Krümmungsmittelpunktes 5 hin ein Zahnradpaar 9 drehbar angetrieben angeordnet ist, um welches das Gitterband 7 ebenfalls umläuft, wobei die durch eine nicht gezeigte Welle miteinander verbundenen Zahnräder 9 mit ihren Zähnen in das innere Gitterband 7 für dessen Antrieb eingreifen. Die Drehrichtung des inneren Gitterbandes 7 ist durch den Pfeil 10 dargestellt und verläuft im Gegenuhrzeigersinn um den Krümmungsmittelpunkt 5 herum synchron zum inneren Trum (Innenkante 4) des außerhalb hinter der Wendebahn 2 angeordneten Kettenförderbandes 3, dessen Umlaufrichtung durch die beiden gekrümmten Pfeile 10' dargestellt ist.At a certain, uniform distance from the curved inner edge 4 inwards to the center of curvature 5, approximately parallel to the chain conveyor belt 3, stationary curved link guide rails 6 run, also in pairs as described above for the chain conveyor belt, via which link guide rails 6 an inner mesh belt 7 with evenly spaced outwards projecting rods 8 is pulled around. This endless, inner grid belt 7 runs on a pear-shaped path seen in the side view of FIG. 1, including the center of curvature 5, in that a gear pair 9 is rotatably driven to the side of the center of curvature 5 facing away from the turning channel 2, around which the grid belt 7 also rotates, wherein the gears 9 connected to each other by a shaft, not shown, engage with their teeth in the inner mesh belt 7 for driving it. The direction of rotation of the inner lattice belt 7 is shown by the arrow 10 and runs counterclockwise around the center of curvature 5 synchronously with the inner run (inner edge 4) of the chain conveyor belt 3 arranged outside behind the turning track 2, the direction of rotation of which is shown by the two curved arrows 10 ' .

Hinter der in Figur 1 gezeigten vorderen gekrümmten stationären Schiene 6 liegt im Abstand etwa gleich der nicht gezeigten Breite des Wendekanals 2 eine weitere gekrümmte Schiene 6, und die dazwischen aufgespannte Fläche wird von dem Gitterband 7 freitragend überspannt.Behind the front curved stationary rail 6 shown in FIG. 1 there is a further curved rail 6 at a distance approximately equal to the width of the turning channel 2, not shown, and the area stretched between them is cantilevered by the grating belt 7.

Am oberen Ende X der Wendebahn 2 läuft ein abgebrochen dargestelltes Förderband 11 um eine nur gestrichelt gezeichnete und nicht näher bezeichnete Umlenkrolle als Abfördereinrichtung um. Etwas tiefer ansetzend und in Umlaufrichtung des Bandes 7 gemäß Pfeil 10 dahinter ist schräg eine Rutsche 12 angesetzt, welche ebenfalls die Funktion einer Abfördereinrichtung hat, denn die gewendeten Tabletts verlassen das obere Ende X des Wendekanals 2 mit dem Abförderband 11, und die von den Haltestäben 8 noch gehaltenen Geschirrteile werden beim Verlassen des Wendekanals 2 von der Abförderrutsche 12 aufgenommen und weiteren, hier nicht gezeigten Fördereinrichtungen für die Zufuhr zu Spülmaschinen hin zugeleitet.At the upper end X of the turning track 2, a conveyor belt 11, shown broken off, runs around a deflection roller, which is only drawn in dashed lines and is not designated in any more detail, as a discharge device. Starting a little deeper and in the direction of rotation of the belt 7 according to arrow 10 behind it, a slide 12 is slanted, which also has the function of a discharge device, because the turned trays leave the upper end X of the turning channel 2 with the discharge belt 11, and from the holding rods 8 dishes still held are picked up by the discharge chute 12 when leaving the turning channel 2 and fed to further conveyor devices (not shown here) for the supply to dishwashers.

In Figur 1 ist ein Tablett 13 mit darauf befindlichen Geschirrteilen 14 mit ausgezogenen Linien im Beschickungsbereich 1 und mit gestrichelten Linien (ohne Geschirrteile) im unteren Bereich des Wendekanals 2 dargestellt.FIG. 1 shows a tray 13 with crockery parts 14 on it with solid lines in the loading area 1 and with dashed lines (without crockery parts) in the lower area of the turning channel 2.

In Figur 2 erkennt man eines der paarweise angeordneten Kettenförderbänder 3, deren näherer Aufbau nun beschrieben wird. Dabei braucht stets nur auf eines der beiden Kettenförderbänder 3 Bezug genommen zu werden, denn das jeweilige andere ist spiegelsymmetrisch zu der in Figur 2 rechts gezeigten strichpunktierten Linie 15 ausgebildet.FIG. 2 shows one of the chain conveyor belts 3 arranged in pairs, the detailed structure of which will now be described. It is always necessary to refer to only one of the two chain conveyor belts 3, since the other one is mirror-symmetrical to the dash-dotted line 15 shown on the right in FIG.

An einer der Symmetrieebene 15 links gegenüberliegenden Stützwange 16 sind im oberen Bereich zwei in radialem Abstand r übereinander angeordnete, stationäre und gebogene Schienen 17, 17' vorgesehen, die sich hauptsächlich im Bereich des Wendekanals 2 befinden. Eine andere Ausführungsform dieser Schienen 17, 17' ist in Figur 2 links daneben (durch die Kennzeichnung "ODER" verbunden) dargestellt, wobei die zwei getrennten gebogenen Schienen in einem einheitlichen Block 17' zusammengefaßt sind. Sowohl die einzelnen Kettenschienen 17, 17' als auch der plattenförmige Blockaufbau 17'' für diese Kettenschienen weist eine nur zur Wendebahn 2 hin, in Figur 2 also nach rechts hin geöffnete Längsnut 18 auf, die eine solche Breite hat, daß sie den Durchmesser einer Laufrolle 19 aufnimmt. Zum Grund der jeweiligen Längsnut 18 hin hat letztere eine Hinterschneidung 20, um radial über den Durchmesser der Laufrollen 19 hinausstehende Scheiben 21 aufzunehmen, wodurch die Laufrolle 19 am Herausgleiten aus den Längsnuten 18 gehindert werden.Provided on a support cheek 16 opposite the plane of symmetry 15 on the left are two stationary and curved rails 17, 17 ′ arranged one above the other at a radial distance r and located mainly in the region of the turning channel 2. Another embodiment of these rails 17, 17 'is shown to the left in FIG. 2 (connected by the identification "OR"), the two separate curved rails being combined in a single block 17'. Both the individual chain rails 17, 17 'and the plate-shaped block structure 17' 'for these chain rails have a longitudinal groove 18 which is only open towards the turning path 2, that is to say to the right in FIG. 2, and has a width such that it has the diameter of a Rollers 19 picks up. At the bottom of the respective longitudinal groove 18, the latter has an undercut 20 in order to accommodate disks 21 which protrude radially beyond the diameter of the rollers 19, as a result of which the roller 19 is prevented from sliding out of the longitudinal grooves 18.

An der jeweiligen Laufrolle 18 befindet sich auf der dem Wendekanal 2 zugewandten Seite das Kettenglied 22 des inneren (Innenkante 4) bzw. äußeren Trums des Kettenförderbandes 3. Diese Kettenglieder 22 sind über Gelenkverbindungen 23 ähnlich einer Fahrradkette miteinander verbunden, wie auch in den Figuren 3 und 4 veranschaulicht ist. Im Querschnitt der Figur 2 hat jedes Kettenglied 22 die Gestalt eines L, wobei der eine Schenkel des L mit der Achse 24 der Laufrolle 19 verbunden ist und an dem anderen Schenkel des L eine vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff gefertigte Förderplatte 25 formschlüssig angesetzt ist. Im Querschnitt pilzförmige, in Längsrichtung zum flexiblen Ausweichen gespaltene Schnappriegel 26 sorgen für die feste Verbindung zwischen Förderplatte 25 und Kettenglied 22. In Laufrichtung 10' des Kettenförderbandes 3 gesehen weist jede zweite Förderplatte 25 wenigstens einen Fördervorsprung 27 auf, der für den formschlüssigen Eingriff zwischen Kettenförderband 3 und den zu fördernden Werkstücken, wie z.B. Tabletts 13 sorgt.The chain link 22 of the inner (inner edge 4) or outer run of the chain conveyor belt 3 is located on the respective roller 18 on the side facing the turning channel 2. These chain links 22 are connected to one another via articulated connections 23 similar to a bicycle chain, as also in FIGS. 3 and Figure 4 is illustrated. In the cross-section of FIG. 2, each chain link 22 has the shape of an L, one leg of the L being connected to the axis 24 of the roller 19 and a conveyor plate 25, preferably made of plastic, being positively attached to the other leg of the L. Mushroom-shaped in cross-section, longitudinally for flexible evasion split latches 26 ensure the firm connection between the conveyor plate 25 and chain link 22. Seen in the running direction 10 'of the chain conveyor belt 3, every second conveyor plate 25 has at least one conveyor projection 27, which for the positive engagement between the chain conveyor belt 3 and the workpieces to be conveyed , such as trays 13.

Die in Figur 1 mit Y bezeichnete Einzelheit am unteren Eintritt des Wendekanals 2 ist in Figur 4 vergrößert dargestellt und zeigt diesen formschlüssigen Eingriff zwischen der Hinterkante 13' des Tabletts 13 einerseits und dem Fördervorsprung 27 der Förderplatte 25 andererseits.The detail denoted by Y in FIG. 1 at the lower entry of the turning channel 2 is shown enlarged in FIG. 4 and shows this positive engagement between the rear edge 13 'of the tray 13 on the one hand and the conveying projection 27 of the conveying plate 25 on the other hand.

Im Betrieb werden mit Geschirrteilen 14 beladene Tabletts 13 im Beschickungsbereich I auf das Kettenförderband 3 derart aufgelegt, daß das Tablett 13 den zwischen den zwei im Abstand angeordneten Kettenförderbändern 3 freien Raum freitragend überspannen. Auf diese Weise bewegt sich gemäß Figur 1 das beladene Tablett 13 von links nach rechts zum unteren Ende Y der Wendebahn 2 hin.In operation, trays 13 loaded with crockery parts are placed on the chain conveyor belt 3 in the loading area I in such a way that the tray 13 cantileverly spans the free space between the two spaced-apart chain conveyor belts 3. In this way, according to FIG. 1, the loaded tray 13 moves from left to right to the lower end Y of the turning path 2.

Dort, d.h. am unteren Ende Y der Wendebahn 2 erfolgt keine Transportübernahme durch einen zweiten Förderer von einem ersten Förderer, sondern das Kettenförderband 3 behält seine Förderfunktion auch im Verlaufe des gebogenen Wendekanals 2 bis zum oberen Ende X bei. Während Reibschluß zwischen Kettenförderband 3 und Tablett 13 im Bereich der Beschickung I zur Förderung vollständig genügt, ist ab dem unteren Eintrittsende des Wendekanals 2 im Bereich Y (siehe Figur 4) ein Formschluß zusätzlich zweckmäßig, zumal das Tablett 13 im wesentlichen nur noch an seinem hinteren und vorderen Ende mit dem inneren Trum des Kettenförderers 3 in Berührung steht. Damit das Tablett und erst recht auf ihm befindliche Geschirrteile 14 nicht nach unten rutschen oder am Hochsteigen im Bereich der Wendebahn 2 gehindert werden, stehen die um vorzugsweise 15° (Figur 3 zeigt die Alternativen 15° und 20°) nach vorn in Förderrichtung 10 gegenüber der jeweils radialen Richtung geneigten Haltestäbe 8 mit ihren Enden 28 im Eingriff entweder mit dem Tablett 13 gemäß Darstellung der Figur 4 oder auch mit auf dem Tablett befindlichen Geschirrteilen und/oder dem Tablett 13.There, i.e. At the lower end Y of the turning track 2, there is no transport takeover by a second conveyor from a first conveyor, but the chain conveyor belt 3 maintains its conveying function even in the course of the curved turning channel 2 up to the upper end X. While frictional engagement between the chain conveyor belt 3 and tray 13 in the area of the feeder I is completely sufficient for conveying, a positive fit is additionally expedient from the lower entry end of the turning channel 2 in the area Y (see FIG. 4), especially since the tray 13 is essentially only at its rear and the front end is in contact with the inner run of the chain conveyor 3. So that the tray and especially the crockery parts 14 on it do not slide down or are prevented from climbing up in the area of the turning path 2, they are preferably 15 ° (FIG. 3 shows the alternatives 15 ° and 20 °) in the direction of conveyance 10 of the respective radial direction inclined holding rods 8 with their ends 28 in engagement either with the tray 13 as shown in FIG. 4 or also with dishes and / or the tray 13 located on the tray.

Das obere freie Ende 28 der Haltestäbe 8 tritt mit dem Kettenförderband 3 nicht in Eingriff sondern läuft neben der Höhenlinie oder der gekrümmten Innenkante 4 des Kettenförderbandes 3 vorbei. Die Haltestäbe 8 sind auf Füßen 29 befestigt, welche zwischen den Laschen 30 des inneren Haltegitterbandes 7 angeordnet sind. Die Laschen 30 ihrerseits sind über Querstangen 31 miteinander verbunden, an deren Enden frei drehbare Rollen 32 angeordnet sind. Letztere werden von den Kulissenführungsschienen 6 geführt, die über die Stützwangen 16 mit den Schienen 17, 17' des Kettenförderbandes 3 verbunden sind.The upper free end 28 of the holding rods 8 does not engage the chain conveyor belt 3 but runs past the contour or the curved inner edge 4 of the chain conveyor belt 3. The holding rods 8 are fastened on feet 29 which are arranged between the tabs 30 of the inner retaining grid belt 7. The tabs 30 are in turn connected to one another via transverse rods 31, at the ends of which freely rotatable rollers 32 are arranged. The latter are guided by the link guide rails 6, which with the support cheeks 16 Rails 17, 17 'of the chain conveyor 3 are connected.

Nicht nur das innere Haltegitterband 7 läuft endlos um, sondern auch das Kettenförderband 3, nämlich um die beiden Umlenkrollen 33 und 34 - teilweise, nämlich hauptsächlich im Bereich der Wendebahn 2, durch die Kettenschienen 17, 17' bzw. 17'' geführt.Not only does the inner grating belt 7 run endlessly, but also the chain conveyor belt 3, namely around the two deflection rollers 33 and 34 - partly, namely mainly in the area of the turning path 2, through the chain rails 17, 17 'and 17' '.

Nach Eintritt des Tabletts 13 und gegebenenfalls der darauf befindlichen Geschirrteile 14 in die Wendebahn 2 sorgen die Haltestäbe 8 für ein Verbleiben der zu fördernden Werkstücke relativ zueinander bzw. der hinteren Schubkante 13' bezüglich des Fördervorsprunges 27, so daß ein Hochführen und Wenden ohne wesentliche Verschiebung der Werkstücke erfolgt.After the tray 13 and possibly the crockery parts 14 thereon have entered the turning path 2, the holding rods 8 ensure that the workpieces to be conveyed remain relative to one another or the rear pushing edge 13 'with respect to the conveying projection 27, so that lifting and turning without substantial displacement of the workpieces.

Nach Erreichen des oberen Endes X des Wendekanals 2 werden die Tabletts 13 vom Abförderband 14 erfaßt und weggeführt, während die zwischen die Haltestäbe 8 nachfolgend eingreifenden Stäbe der Abförderrutsche 12 die Geschirrteile aufnehmen und abführen, sofern welche vorhanden sind.After reaching the upper end X of the turning channel 2, the trays 13 are gripped and carried away by the discharge conveyor 14, while the rods of the discharge chute 12 which subsequently engage between the holding rods 8 pick up and remove the dishes, if any, are present.

Claims (6)

Vorrichtung zum Zuführen, Wenden und gegebenenfalls Sortieren von mit Geschirrteilen (14) beladenen Tabletts (13) zu Spülmaschinen, mit einem die Tabletts (13) dem unteren Ende (Y) einer im Querschnitt etwa halbkreisförmigen Wendebahn (2) zuführenden Beschickungsförderer (I, 3) und mit Abfördereinrichtungen (11, 12) am oberen Ende der Wendebahn (2), welche seitlich durch stationäre, gebogene Schienen (17, 17'; 17'') und innen zum Krümmungsmittelpunkt (5) hin durch ein endloses inneres Band (7) begrenzt sowie nach außen offen ist, wobei das innere Band (7) in gleichmäßigen Abständen mit nach außen ragenden Stäben (8) besetzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Beschickungsförderer (I, 3) als endlos umlaufend angetriebenes und bis zum oberen Ende (X) der Wendebahn (2) einstückig durchgezogenes Kettenförderband (3) ausgebildet ist, welches im Bereich (von Y bis X) der Wendebahn (2) durch an jeder Seite derselben angebrachte Kettenschienen (17, 17'; 17'') geführt ist.Device for feeding, turning and, if necessary, sorting trays (13) loaded with crockery parts (14) into dishwashers, with a loading conveyor (I, 3) feeding the trays (13) to the lower end (Y) of an approximately semicircular turning path (2) in cross section ) and with discharge devices (11, 12) at the upper end of the turning track (2), which laterally through stationary, curved rails (17, 17 ';17'') and inside to the center of curvature (5) through an endless inner belt (7 ) is limited and open to the outside, the inner belt (7) being evenly spaced with rods (8) projecting outwards, characterized in that the feed conveyor (I, 3) is driven as an endlessly rotating and up to the upper end ( X) the turning track (2) is formed in one piece through the chain conveyor belt (3), which is guided in the area (from Y to X) of the turning track (2) by chain rails (17, 17 ';17'') attached to each side thereof. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem vorzugsweise als Gitterband ausgestalteten inneren Rand (7) in Laufrichtung (10) desselben nach vorn um wenigstens 10° geneigte Haltestäbe (8) derart angeordnet sind, daß ihre äußeren freien Enden (28) bis nahe an die Höhe der gekrümmten Innenkante (4) des Kettenförderbandes (3) heranreichen.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that on the inner edge (7), which is preferably designed as a lattice belt, in the direction of travel (10) of the same are arranged holding rods (8) inclined forwards by at least 10 ° such that their outer free ends (28) to Reach close to the height of the curved inner edge (4) of the chain conveyor belt (3). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kettenförderband (3) von wenigstens einigen der Kettenglieder (22) nach außen ragende Fördervorsprünge (27) aufweist.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the chain conveyor belt (3) of at least some of the chain links (22) has outwardly projecting conveyor projections (27). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus Kunststoff oder dergleichen gebildete Förderplatten (25) durch Schnappriegel (26) mit den Kettengliedern (22) des Kettenförderbandes (3) formschlüssig verbunden sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that conveyor plates (25) formed from plastic or the like are positively connected to the chain links (22) of the chain conveyor belt (3) by snap locks (26). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ebenen Seiten der Wendebahn (2) durch Stützwangen (16) begrenzt sind, welche die Kettenschienen (17, 17'; 17'') des Kettenförderbandes (3) und die Kulissenführungsschienen (6) des inneren Gitterhaltebandes (7) miteinander verbinden.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the flat sides of the turning track (2) are delimited by support cheeks (16) which the chain rails (17, 17 '; 17' ') of the chain conveyor belt (3) and the link guide rails (6) of the inner grid retaining band (7) connect to each other. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Kettenschiene (17, 17'; 17'') eine nur zur Wendebahn (2) hin geöffnete und vorzugsweise Hinterschneidungen (20) aufweisende Längsnut (18) aufweist zur führenden Aufnahme von außen an dem jeweiligen Kettenförderband (3) drehbar angeordneten Laufrollen (19).Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each chain rail (17, 17 ';17'') is an open and preferably open only towards the turning track (2) The undercut (20) has a longitudinal groove (18) for the guiding reception from the outside on the respective chain conveyor belt (3) rotatably arranged rollers (19).
EP92106376A 1991-05-04 1992-04-14 Apparatus for feeding and reversing of trays loaded with kitchen utensils Expired - Lifetime EP0512279B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE4114552A DE4114552A1 (en) 1991-05-04 1991-05-04 DEVICE FOR FEEDING AND TURNING TABLETS LOADED WITH DISHWARE
DE4114552 1991-05-04

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EP0512279A1 true EP0512279A1 (en) 1992-11-11
EP0512279B1 EP0512279B1 (en) 1995-10-25

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EP (1) EP0512279B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE129394T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4114552A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2078575T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2078575T3 (en) 1995-12-16
DE59204093D1 (en) 1995-11-30
US5564882A (en) 1996-10-15
US5421690A (en) 1995-06-06
ATE129394T1 (en) 1995-11-15
EP0512279B1 (en) 1995-10-25
DE4114552A1 (en) 1992-11-05

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