EP0512275B1 - Rotary milling tool - Google Patents

Rotary milling tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0512275B1
EP0512275B1 EP92106192A EP92106192A EP0512275B1 EP 0512275 B1 EP0512275 B1 EP 0512275B1 EP 92106192 A EP92106192 A EP 92106192A EP 92106192 A EP92106192 A EP 92106192A EP 0512275 B1 EP0512275 B1 EP 0512275B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
rotation
cutting
cutting edges
cutters
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EP92106192A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0512275A2 (en
EP0512275A3 (en
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Hans Hundegger
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G13/00—Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools
    • B27G13/08—Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools in the shape of disc-like members; Wood-milling cutters
    • B27G13/10—Securing the cutters, e.g. by clamping collars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G19/00—Safety guards or devices specially adapted for wood saws; Auxiliary devices facilitating proper operation of wood saws
    • B27G19/10—Measures preventing splintering of sawn portions of wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing wooden workpieces in woodworking machines with a rotating milling tool, with circumferentially arranged cutting knives with cutting edges which are assigned in opposite directions of rotation, all cutting knives being rigidly connected to the tool body, all cutting edges being at the same distance from the axis of rotation and wherein the workpiece and the tool are moved relative to one another, wherein the workpiece machining is started with a direction of rotation of the tool in which the cutting edges are directed against the beginning of the cut and the direction of rotation of the milling tool is reversed after machining the beginning of the cut, according to DE-U-90 16 128.9.
  • the invention further relates to a milling tool for performing the method.
  • DE-C 117 551 describes a milling tool with which the method specified at the outset can be carried out.
  • the tool body carries a plurality of cutting knife assemblies on the circumference, the cutting knife assemblies being able to carry out limited pivoting movements depending on the direction of rotation.
  • the cutting knife arrangements each carry two cutting edges, each of which is assigned to a direction of rotation. The oscillating suspension of the cutting knife arrangements ensures that one cutting edge is effective in one direction of rotation. In the opposite direction of rotation, the other cutting edge is then effective.
  • a milling tool of the type described it is possible to machine a workpiece, for example a wooden beam or the like, optionally in one of the two directions of rotation.
  • the invention intends to propose a method with which it is possible to improve the workflow.
  • the invention is based on procedures described at the beginning. According to the invention it is proposed that all cutting edges follow one another during rotation.
  • the direction of rotation is reversed when the axis of rotation of the milling tool has passed the plane of the beginning of the cut during the relative movement. In general, it is advisable to reverse the direction of rotation approximately in the middle of the cutting process.
  • the invention further relates to an improved milling tool with which it is possible to achieve precise cutting results when carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the invention proposes a rotating milling tool for woodworking machines for carrying out the method specified above, the milling tool on the tool body preferably being exchangeable on the circumference Carries cutting knives that protrude a small radial dimension above the tool body, with all of the cutting edges of the cutting knives following one another and with some of the cutting edges of the cutting knives being assigned to one direction of rotation of the tool body and the other part being assigned to the opposite direction of rotation, all of the cutting edges being at the same distance from the Have axis of rotation and wherein the cutting blades are rigidly connected to the tool body.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out with a tool in which all cutting edges are arranged on the same diameter, are rigidly connected to the tool body and follow one another during rotation, which has considerable advantages.
  • During the cutting process there is no relative movement between the cutting blades and the tool body. Only those cutting edges that are assigned to the respective direction of rotation are effective.
  • the other cutting edges do not take part in this cutting process at all. As a rule, they do not slide on the cut surface either, so that there is no danger that these cutting knives will have a negative impact on the cutting process.
  • the milling tool With the milling tool according to the invention, it is now possible to adapt the direction of rotation of the milling tool to the respective requirements by simply reversing the drive motor. It is possible that the chips are always carried out in the same direction. Depending on the machining process, the milling tool can perform milling work both on the feed and on the return stroke without reducing the quality of the machined surfaces.
  • a symmetrically designed cutting tool is used which has cutting edges on both sides in the circumferential direction.
  • the manufacturing outlay for a milling tool according to the invention therefore does not have to be increased.
  • the cutting knives using the invention may preferably have a wedge or trapezoidal shape.
  • the invention can also be implemented using known sheet-like cutting knives.
  • a wedge-shaped or trapezoidal holding element is used which fixes the sheet-like cutting knives on both sides.
  • This pre-cutter has the task, for example, of processing the lateral limitation of the gradation when producing a gradation.
  • the invention is primarily applicable to those tool bodies which have a substantially cylindrical shape and the cutting knives are arranged on the cylindrical surface of the tool body.
  • the invention is not restricted to such shapes of tool bodies.
  • the tool body can, for example, also have a conical shape if this appears necessary or expedient for special machining purposes.
  • the cutting knives are then arranged in the conical surface.
  • the invention can also be used if the cutting edges are arranged in the conical or even end face of a rotating tool body.
  • the tool body 6 with the axis of rotation 7 in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 has a plurality of cutting knives 3 on the circumference 12, which in particular have a trapezoidal shape.
  • These cutting knives 3 can be fastened, for example, by screws (not shown in more detail in FIG. 1) which engage radially from the outside in the tool body 6 and hold the cutting knives 3 in place.
  • the cutting knife 3 has the cutting edges 1 and 2.
  • the tool body has recesses 13 and 14 which serve to break the chips and to allow the chips to slide off the cutting edges.
  • the recess 13 cooperates with the cutting edge 1 and the Recess 14 with the cutting edge 2.
  • the axis of rotation of the tool body 6 is designated 7.
  • a pre-cutter can be arranged on the end face 9 of the tool body 6.
  • a trapezoidal holding element 8 is provided, which is held in the tool body 6 by a screw 17.
  • the holding element 8 holds sheet-like cutting knives 4 and 5, which are secured by pins 18.
  • the cutting edges of the cutting knives 4 and 5 are designated 1 and 2 and, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, each cooperate with the recesses 13 and 14, respectively.
  • the roughing cutter 10 has the cutting edges 11, to which recesses 19 are also assigned.
  • the axial length of the cutting knife can be chosen freely. In some cases it is advisable to provide a single cutting knife over the entire length of the milling tool body. In some cases, however, it is better to use a plurality of knives that are offset from one another.
  • Fig. 3 shows a view of the end of the to be machined Workpiece 21.
  • a tenon is to be milled onto this workpiece by means of the milling tool 20, which rotates about the axis 7.
  • the tool 20 consists of the two tool parts 24 and 25 (see FIG. 7). The distance between these two tool parts corresponds to the width of the pin 30 which is to be milled out of the workpiece 21.
  • the parts 24 and 25 of the tool 20 have a configuration such as that shown in FIGS. 1 or 2.
  • the relative movement between the tool 20 and the workpiece 21 takes place in such a way that the tool is guided in a slide and this slide is designed to be displaceable.
  • the workpiece 21 is firmly clamped.
  • the tool can also be relatively stationary while the workpiece is being moved.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Milling, Drilling, And Turning Of Wood (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The rotary milling tool has on the circumference a cutting knife with cutting edges. Some of these cutting edges are aligned to correspond to one direction of rotation of the tool body, other of the cutting edges are aligned to correspond to the other direction of rotation. All the cutting edges have the same distance from the axis of rotation. A milling tool of this form can be used in the same way in both directions of rotation. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Holzwerkstücken in Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen mit einem rotierenden Fräswerkzeug, mit am Umfang angeordneten Schneidmessern mit Schneiden, die entgegengesetzten Drehrichtungen zugeordnet sind, wobei alle Schneidmesser starr mit dem Werkzeugkörper verbunden sind, wobei alle Schneiden den gleichen Abstand von der Rotationsachse aufweisen und wobei das Werkstück und das Werkzeug relativ zueinander bewegt werden, wobei die Werkstückbearbeitung mit einer Drehrichtung des Werkzeuges begonnen wird, bei der die Schneiden gegen den Schnittanfang gerichtet sind und wobei nach Bearbeitung des Schnittanfanges die Drehrichtung des Fräswerkzeuges umgekehrt wird, gemäß DE-U-90 16 128.9.The invention relates to a method for processing wooden workpieces in woodworking machines with a rotating milling tool, with circumferentially arranged cutting knives with cutting edges which are assigned in opposite directions of rotation, all cutting knives being rigidly connected to the tool body, all cutting edges being at the same distance from the axis of rotation and wherein the workpiece and the tool are moved relative to one another, wherein the workpiece machining is started with a direction of rotation of the tool in which the cutting edges are directed against the beginning of the cut and the direction of rotation of the milling tool is reversed after machining the beginning of the cut, according to DE-U-90 16 128.9.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiter ein Fräswerkzeug zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention further relates to a milling tool for performing the method.

In der DE-C 117 551 ist ein Fräswerkzeug beschrieben, mit dem das eingangs angegebene Verfahren durchführbar ist. Bei diesem Fräswerkzeug ist vorgesehen, daß der Werkzeugkörper am Umfang mehrere Schneidmesseranordnungen trägt, wobei die Schneidmesseranordnungen je nach der Drehrichtung begrenzte Schwenkbewegungen ausführen können. Die Schneidmesseranordnungen tragen jeweils zwei Schneiden, die je einer Drehrichtung zugeordnet sind. Durch die pendelnde Aufhängung der Schneidmesseranordnungen wird erreicht, daß bei der einen Drehrichtung die eine Schneide wirksam ist. Bei der entgegengesetzten Drehrichtung ist die andere Schneide dann sinngemäß wirksam.DE-C 117 551 describes a milling tool with which the method specified at the outset can be carried out. In this milling tool it is provided that the tool body carries a plurality of cutting knife assemblies on the circumference, the cutting knife assemblies being able to carry out limited pivoting movements depending on the direction of rotation. The cutting knife arrangements each carry two cutting edges, each of which is assigned to a direction of rotation. The oscillating suspension of the cutting knife arrangements ensures that one cutting edge is effective in one direction of rotation. In the opposite direction of rotation, the other cutting edge is then effective.

Mit einem Fräswerkzeug der beschriebenen Art ist es möglich, ein Werkstück, beispielsweise ein Holzbalken oder dergleichen wahlweise in einer der beiden Drehrichtungen zu bearbeiten.With a milling tool of the type described, it is possible to machine a workpiece, for example a wooden beam or the like, optionally in one of the two directions of rotation.

In dem Dokument DE-U 90 16 128.9 ist ein anderes Fräswerkzeug beschrieben, das ebenfalls in zwei Drehrichtungen verwendet werden kann. Bei diesem Fräswerkzeug sind auf einer gemeinsamen Welle mehrere verschiedene Teilwerkzeuge angeordnet, deren Schneiden einmal der einen und einmal der anderen Drehrichtung zugeordnet sind. Durch eine axiale Verschiebung des ganzen Werkzeuges ist es möglich, wahlweise das eine oder andere Teilwerkzeug an der gleichen Werkstücksstelle zum Einsatz zu bringen.Another milling tool is described in document DE-U 90 16 128.9, which can also be used in two directions of rotation. In this milling tool, several different sub-tools are arranged on a common shaft, the cutting edges of which are assigned to one direction of rotation and the other. By axially shifting the entire tool, it is possible to use one or the other part tool at the same workpiece location.

Die Erfindung will ein Verfahren vorschlagen, mit dem es möglich ist, den Arbeitsablauf zu verbessern.The invention intends to propose a method with which it is possible to improve the workflow.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe geht die Erfindung aus von dem eingangs beschriebenen Verfahren. Erfindungsgemäß wird vorgeschlagen, daß alle Schneiden bei der Rotation einander nachfolgen.To achieve this object, the invention is based on procedures described at the beginning. According to the invention it is proposed that all cutting edges follow one another during rotation.

Bei der Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gelingt es in einfachster Weise, ohne Wechsel des Werkzeuges die sonst unvermeidbaren Ausrisse am Anfang oder auch am Ende von Schnitten in Holzwerkstücken zu vermeiden. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren sind die wirksamen Schneiden des Fräswerkzeuges immer gegen das Werkstück gerichtet, so daß die Späne gegen das Werkstück gedrückt werden, so daß ein Abreißen vermieden wird.When using the method according to the invention, it is very easy to avoid the otherwise unavoidable tears at the beginning or at the end of cuts in wooden workpieces without changing the tool. In the method according to the invention, the effective cutting edges of the milling tool are always directed against the workpiece, so that the chips are pressed against the workpiece, so that tearing is avoided.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß die Drehrichtungsumkehr dann vorgenommen wird, wenn bei der Relativbewegung die Drehachse des Fräswerkzeuges die Ebene des Schnittanfanges passiert hat. Im allgemeinem empfiehlt es sich, die Umkehr der Drehrichtung etwa in der Mitte des Schneidvorganges vorzunehmen.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention it is provided that the direction of rotation is reversed when the axis of rotation of the milling tool has passed the plane of the beginning of the cut during the relative movement. In general, it is advisable to reverse the direction of rotation approximately in the middle of the cutting process.

Günstig ist es beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren, wenn die Relativbewegung zwischen dem Werkzeug und dem Werkstück abgestoppt wird, daß die Relativbewegung ein geringes Maß in entgegengesetzter Richtung erfolgt und daß anschließend die Umsteuerung des Fräswerkzeuges in die andere Drehrichtung vorgenommen und die Relativbewegung in ursprünglicher Richtung fortgesetzt wird. Das Abstoppen des Fräswerkzeuges zum Zwecke der Umsteuerung erfolgt hierbei ohne Einwirkung auf das Werkstück.It is advantageous in the method according to the invention if the relative movement between the tool and the workpiece is stopped, that the relative movement takes place to a small extent in the opposite direction and that the milling tool is then reversed in the other direction of rotation and the relative movement is continued in the original direction. The milling tool is stopped for the purpose of reversal without affecting the workpiece.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiter ein verbessertes Fräswerkzeug, mit dem es möglich wird, bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens genaue Schneidergebnisse zu erzielen. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung ein rotierendes Fräswerkzeug für Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen zur Durchführung des vorstehend angegebenen Verfahrens vor, wobei das Fräswerkzeug am Werkzeugkörper am Umfang vorzugsweise auswechselbare Schneidmesser trägt, die ein geringes radiales Maß über den Werkzeugkörper vorstehen, wobei alle Schneiden der Schneidmesser einander nachfolgen und wobei ein Teil der Schneiden der Schneidmesser einer Drehrichtung des Werkzeugkörpers und der andere Teil der entgegengesetzten Drehrichtung zugeordnet sind, wobei alle Schneiden den gleichen Abstand von der Rotationsachse aufweisen und wobei die Schneidmesser starr mit dem Werkzeugkörper verbunden sind.The invention further relates to an improved milling tool with which it is possible to achieve precise cutting results when carrying out the method according to the invention. To achieve this object, the invention proposes a rotating milling tool for woodworking machines for carrying out the method specified above, the milling tool on the tool body preferably being exchangeable on the circumference Carries cutting knives that protrude a small radial dimension above the tool body, with all of the cutting edges of the cutting knives following one another and with some of the cutting edges of the cutting knives being assigned to one direction of rotation of the tool body and the other part being assigned to the opposite direction of rotation, all of the cutting edges being at the same distance from the Have axis of rotation and wherein the cutting blades are rigidly connected to the tool body.

Es ist gefunden worden, daß das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit einem Werkzeug durchführbar ist, bei dem alle Schneiden auf dem gleichen Durchmesser angeordnet sind, starr mit dem Werkzeugkörper verbunden sind und bei der Rotation einander nachfolgen, was erhebliche Vorteile mit sich bringt. Beim Schneidvorgang ergibt sich keine Relativbewegung zwischen den Schneidmessern und dem Werkzeugkörper. Dabei sind nur diejenigen Schneiden wirksam, die der jeweiligen Drehrichtung zugeordnet sind. Die anderen Schneiden nehmen an diesem Schneidvorgang überhaupt nicht teil. Sie gleiten in der Regel auch nicht auf der geschnittenen Fläche, so daß keine Gefahr besteht, daß sich diese Schneidmesser beim Schneidvorgang nachteilig bemerkbar machen.It has been found that the method according to the invention can be carried out with a tool in which all cutting edges are arranged on the same diameter, are rigidly connected to the tool body and follow one another during rotation, which has considerable advantages. During the cutting process, there is no relative movement between the cutting blades and the tool body. Only those cutting edges that are assigned to the respective direction of rotation are effective. The other cutting edges do not take part in this cutting process at all. As a rule, they do not slide on the cut surface either, so that there is no danger that these cutting knives will have a negative impact on the cutting process.

Das überraschende Ergebnis der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung kommt offenbar dadurch zustande, daß beim Schneidvorgang wegen der Nachgiebigkeit des Werkstoffes Holz, die Frästiefe jeweils etwas größer ist, als es der theoretischen Bahn der betreffenden Schneide entsprechen würde. Die Schneide zieht offenbar den Span und die dem Span benachbarten Holzteile etwas heran. Nach dem Abheben des Spanes weicht das nichtgeschnittene Holz wieder zurück, so daß es mit der nachfolgenden "nichtschneidenden" Schneide nicht in Kontakt kommt.The surprising result of the arrangement according to the invention Obviously comes from the fact that during the cutting process, due to the resilience of the material wood, the milling depth is somewhat greater than it would correspond to the theoretical path of the cutting edge in question. The cutting edge apparently pulls up the chip and the wooden parts adjacent to the chip. After the chip has been lifted off, the uncut wood shrinks back so that it does not come into contact with the subsequent "non-cutting" cutting edge.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Fräswerkzeug ist es nun möglich, durch einfache Umsteuerung des Antriebsmotors die Drehrichtung des Fräswerkzeuges den jeweiligen Wünschen anzupassen. Es ist möglich, daß die Späne immer in die gleiche Richtung ausgetragen werden. Das Fräswerkzeug kann, je nach dem Bearbeitungsablauf, sowohl beim Vorschub als auch beim Rückhub Fräsarbeit leisten, ohne daß die Qualität der bearbeiteten Flächen verringert wird.With the milling tool according to the invention, it is now possible to adapt the direction of rotation of the milling tool to the respective requirements by simply reversing the drive motor. It is possible that the chips are always carried out in the same direction. Depending on the machining process, the milling tool can perform milling work both on the feed and on the return stroke without reducing the quality of the machined surfaces.

In einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß ein symmetrisch ausgebildetes Schneidwerkzeug verwendet wird, das in der Umfangsrichtung beidseitig Schneiden besitzt. Der Herstellungsaufwand für ein Fräswerkzeug gemäß der Erfindung muß also nicht vergrößert werden.In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that a symmetrically designed cutting tool is used which has cutting edges on both sides in the circumferential direction. The manufacturing outlay for a milling tool according to the invention therefore does not have to be increased.

Die Schneidmesser, die die Erfindung verwendet, können vorzugsweise eine keil- oder trapezförmige Gestalt besitzen.The cutting knives using the invention may preferably have a wedge or trapezoidal shape.

Die Erfindung ist auch unter Verwendung von vorbekannten blattartigen Schneidmessern realisierbar. In diesem Fall wird vorgeschlagen, daß ein keil- oder trapezförmiges Halteelement benutzt wird, das beidseitig die blattartigen Schneidmesser fixiert.The invention can also be implemented using known sheet-like cutting knives. In this case it is proposed that a wedge-shaped or trapezoidal holding element is used which fixes the sheet-like cutting knives on both sides.

In manchen Fällen empfiehlt es sich, an der Stirnseite des Werkzeugkörpers einen Vorschneider anzuordnen, der Schneiden für beide Drehrichtungen aufweist. Dieser Vorschneider hat beispielsweise die Aufgabe, beim Herstellen einer Abstufung die seitliche Begrenzung der Abstufung jeweils zu bearbeiten.In some cases it is advisable to arrange a pre-cutter on the front of the tool body, the cutting for both directions of rotation. This pre-cutter has the task, for example, of processing the lateral limitation of the gradation when producing a gradation.

Die Erfindung ist in erster Linie bei solchen Werkzeugkörpern anwendbar, die im wesentlichen eine zylinderische Gestalt besitzen, und wobei die Schneidmesser auf der Zylinderfläche des Werkzeugkörpers angeordnet sind. Die Erfindung ist aber nicht auf solche Formen von Werkzeugkörpern beschränkt. Der Werkzeugkörper kann beispielsweise auch eine konische Gestalt besitzen, falls dies für besondere Bearbeitungszwecke notwendig oder zweckmäßig erscheint. In diesem Fall sind dann die Schneidmesser in der Kegelfläche angeordnet. In Sonderfällen kann die Erfindung auch dann angewandt werden, wenn die Schneiden in der konischen oder auch ebenen Stirnfläche eines rotierenden Werkzeugkörpers angeordnet sind.The invention is primarily applicable to those tool bodies which have a substantially cylindrical shape and the cutting knives are arranged on the cylindrical surface of the tool body. However, the invention is not restricted to such shapes of tool bodies. The tool body can, for example, also have a conical shape if this appears necessary or expedient for special machining purposes. In this case, the cutting knives are then arranged in the conical surface. In special cases, the invention can also be used if the cutting edges are arranged in the conical or even end face of a rotating tool body.

In der Zeichnung sind einige Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine teilweise Stirnansicht eines Fräswerkzeuges gemäß der Erfindung,
Fig. 2
die Darstellung einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
Fig. 3 bis Fig. 6
schematische Darstellung der verschiedenen Stellungen während der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
Fig. 7
eine Seitenansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Fräswerkzeuges, das in den Betriebsstellungen der Fig. 3 bis 6 Verwendung findet und
Fig. 8
eine Seitenansicht des bearbeiteten Werkstückes.
In the drawing, some embodiments of the invention are shown schematically. Show it:
Fig. 1
2 shows a partial end view of a milling tool according to the invention,
Fig. 2
the representation of a modified embodiment of the invention,
3 to 6
schematic representation of the various positions during the implementation of the method according to the invention,
Fig. 7
a side view of the milling tool according to the invention, which is used in the operating positions of FIGS. 3 to 6 and
Fig. 8
a side view of the machined workpiece.

Der Werkzeugkörper 6 mit der Rotationsachse 7 im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 besitzt am Umfang 12 eine Mehrzahl von Schneidmessern 3, die insbesondere trapezförmige Gestalt besitzten. Die Befestigung dieser Schneidmesser 3 kann beispielsweise durch in der Fig. 1 nicht näher gezeigte Schrauben erfolgen, die radial von außen nach innen in den Werkzeugkörper 6 eingreifen und die Schneidmesser 3 festhalten.The tool body 6 with the axis of rotation 7 in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 has a plurality of cutting knives 3 on the circumference 12, which in particular have a trapezoidal shape. These cutting knives 3 can be fastened, for example, by screws (not shown in more detail in FIG. 1) which engage radially from the outside in the tool body 6 and hold the cutting knives 3 in place.

Grundsätzlich sind für die Befestigung der Schneidmesser beim erfindungsgemäßen Fräswerkzeug 20 alle Befestigungsarten anwendbar die für Schneidmesser herkömmlicher Ausbildung angewandt werden.Basically, all types of fastening that can be used for cutting knives of conventional design can be used for fastening the cutting knives in the milling tool 20 according to the invention.

Das Schneidmesser 3 besitzt die Schneiden 1 und 2. Im Bereich dieser Schneiden 1 und 2 besitzt der Werkzeugkörper Ausnehmungen 13 und 14, die dazu dienen, die Späne zu brechen und ein Abgleiten der Späne von den Schneiden zuzulassen. Die Ausnehmung 13 wirkt dabei mit der Schneide 1 zusammen und die Ausnehmung 14 mit der Schneide 2. Die Rotationsachse des Werkzeugkörpers 6 ist mit 7 bezeichnet.The cutting knife 3 has the cutting edges 1 and 2. In the area of these cutting edges 1 and 2, the tool body has recesses 13 and 14 which serve to break the chips and to allow the chips to slide off the cutting edges. The recess 13 cooperates with the cutting edge 1 and the Recess 14 with the cutting edge 2. The axis of rotation of the tool body 6 is designated 7.

Wenn nun der Werkzeugkörper in Richtung des Pfeiles 15 angetrieben ist, ist nur die Schneide 1 mit der Ausnehmung 13 wirksam. Die nachfolgende Schneide 2 ist bei dieser Drehrichtung ohne Wirkung. Sie kommt in aller Regel auch nicht mit dem Werkstück in Kontakt.If the tool body is now driven in the direction of arrow 15, only the cutting edge 1 with the recess 13 is effective. The subsequent cutting edge 2 has no effect in this direction of rotation. As a rule, it does not come into contact with the workpiece.

Bei einer Drehrichtung des Werkzeugkörpers in Richtung des Pfeiles 16, ist die Schneide 2 mit der Ausnehmung 14 wirksam, während die Schneide 1 und die zugehörige Ausnehmung 13 ohne Funktion sind.With a direction of rotation of the tool body in the direction of arrow 16, the cutting edge 2 with the recess 14 is effective, while the cutting edge 1 and the associated recess 13 have no function.

An der Stirnseite 9 des Werkzeugkörpers 6 kann ein Vorschneider angeordnet sein.A pre-cutter can be arranged on the end face 9 of the tool body 6.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Fig. 2 ist ein trapezförmiges Halteelement 8 vorgesehen, das durch eine Schraube 17 im Werkzeugkörper 6 gehalten ist. Das Halteelement 8 hält blattartige Schneidmesser 4 und 5 fest, die durch Zapfen 18 gesichert sind. Die Schneiden der Schneidmesser 4 und 5 sind mit 1 und 2 bezeichnet und wirken wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Fig. 1 jeweils mit den Ausnehmungen 13 bzw. 14 zusammen.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, a trapezoidal holding element 8 is provided, which is held in the tool body 6 by a screw 17. The holding element 8 holds sheet-like cutting knives 4 and 5, which are secured by pins 18. The cutting edges of the cutting knives 4 and 5 are designated 1 and 2 and, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, each cooperate with the recesses 13 and 14, respectively.

Der Vorschneider 10 besitzt die Schneiden 11, denen jeweils auch Ausnehmungen 19 zugeordnet sind.The roughing cutter 10 has the cutting edges 11, to which recesses 19 are also assigned.

Die axiale Länge der Schneidmesser kann frei gewählt werden. In manchen Fällen empfiehlt es sich, über die ganze Länge des Fräswerkzeugkörpers ein einziges Schneidmesser vorzusehen. In manchen Fällen ist es jedoch besser, eine Mehrzahl von Messern zu verwenden, die gegeneinander versetzt sind.The axial length of the cutting knife can be chosen freely. In some cases it is advisable to provide a single cutting knife over the entire length of the milling tool body. In some cases, however, it is better to use a plurality of knives that are offset from one another.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt eine Ansicht des Endes des zu bearbeitenden Werkstückes 21. An dieses Werkstück soll mittels des Fräswerkzeuges 20, das um die Achse 7 umläuft, ein Zapfen angefräst werden. Das Werkzeug 20 besteht hierzu aus den beiden Werkzeugteilen 24 und 25 (s. Fig. 7). Der Abstand dieser beiden Werkzeugteile voneinander entspricht dabei der Breite des Zapfens 30, der aus dem Werkstück 21 herausgefräst werden soll. Die Teile 24 und 25 des Werkzeuges 20 besitzen eine Ausbildung, wie diese z.B. in den Fig. 1 oder 2 dargestellt ist. Im allgemeinen erfolgt die Relativbewegung zwischen dem Werkzeug 20 und dem Werkstück 21 in der Weise, daß das Werkzeug in einem Schlitten geführt und dieser Schlitten verschiebbar ausgebildet ist. Das Werkstück 21 ist dabei fest eingespannt. In besonderen Fällen kann beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren das Werkzeug auch relativ ortsfest sein, während das Werkstück verschoben wird.Fig. 3 shows a view of the end of the to be machined Workpiece 21. A tenon is to be milled onto this workpiece by means of the milling tool 20, which rotates about the axis 7. For this purpose, the tool 20 consists of the two tool parts 24 and 25 (see FIG. 7). The distance between these two tool parts corresponds to the width of the pin 30 which is to be milled out of the workpiece 21. The parts 24 and 25 of the tool 20 have a configuration such as that shown in FIGS. 1 or 2. In general, the relative movement between the tool 20 and the workpiece 21 takes place in such a way that the tool is guided in a slide and this slide is designed to be displaceable. The workpiece 21 is firmly clamped. In special cases, in the method according to the invention, the tool can also be relatively stationary while the workpiece is being moved.

In der Fig. 3 ist angenommen, daß sich das Werkzeug in Richtung des Pfeiles 26 voranbewegt, während die Drehrichtung durch den Pfeil 27 angedeutet ist. Die Schneiden am Umfang des Werkstückes 20 sind somit gegen das Werkstück 21 gerichtet.In Fig. 3 it is assumed that the tool moves in the direction of arrow 26, while the direction of rotation is indicated by arrow 27. The cutting edges on the circumference of the workpiece 20 are thus directed against the workpiece 21.

Diese Bewegung wird fortgesetzt bis etwa die Stellung der Fig. 4 erreicht ist. Der Schnittanfang 22 ist auf diese Weise einwandfrei bearbeitet, und die Achse 7 hat die Ebene 23, der der Schnittanfang angehört, passiert. In dieser Stellung des Werkzeuges wird das Werkzeug etwas gegen die Vorschubrichtung 26 zurückgezogen (s. Fig. 5), so daß die Schneiden vom Werkstück freikommen, und die Drehrichtung des Werkzeuges wird umgesteuert. Das Werkzeug dreht sich jetzt in Richtung des Pfeiles 28.This movement continues until approximately the position of FIG. 4 is reached. The beginning of the cut 22 is processed perfectly in this way, and the axis 7 has passed the plane 23 to which the beginning of the cut belongs. In this position of the tool, the tool is withdrawn somewhat against the feed direction 26 (see FIG. 5), so that the cutting edges are released from the workpiece, and the direction of rotation of the tool is reversed. The tool now rotates in the direction of arrow 28.

Diese Umsteuerung geht sehr rasch vor sich, da es leicht möglich ist, durch geeignete Bremsen den Antriebsmotor rasch anzuhalten.This changeover takes place very quickly, since it is easily possible to stop the drive motor quickly by means of suitable brakes.

Nun wird der Schneidvorgang wieder in Richtung des Pfeiles 26 fortgesetzt. Die Schneiden greifen wieder in das Werkstück ein, und das Werkzeug 20 kommt schließlich vom Werkstück frei. Dies ist in der Fig. 6 gezeigt. Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur der Schnittanfang 22 einwandfrei und ohne Ausrisse bearbeitet. Auch das Schnittende 29 ist einwandfrei bearbeitet, da bei der Drehrichtung gemäß Pfeil 28 die Schneiden auf die äußeren Holzfasern derart einwirken, daß diese gegen das Werkstück 21 gepreßt werden.Now the cutting process is again in the direction of arrow 26 continued. The cutting edges engage the workpiece again, and the tool 20 is finally released from the workpiece. This is shown in FIG. 6. In this way, not only the beginning of the cut 22 is processed properly and without tears. The cut end 29 is also machined perfectly, since in the direction of rotation according to arrow 28 the cutting edges act on the outer wood fibers in such a way that they are pressed against the workpiece 21.

Claims (8)

  1. Process for machining workpieces of wood in wood working machines with a rotating cutting tool (20), with cutters (3,4,5) arranged around the circumference, said cutters having cutting edges (1,2) assigned to opposite directions of rotation, with all cutters (3,4,5) being rigidly mounted on the tool body (6), with all cutting edges being equidistant from the axis of rotation and with the workpiece (21) and the tool (20) being moved relative to each other, the machining of the workpiece being started in the direction of rotation of the tool (20) with the cutting edges positioned against the direction of the beginning of the cut and the direction of rotation of the cutting tool (20) being reversed after the beginning of the cut has been effected, characterized in that all cutting edges(1,2) follow each other in succession during rotation.
  2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that reversal of the direction of rotation is effected when the axis of rotation (7) of the cutting tool has passed the plane (23) of the beginning of the cut (22) during the relative movement of workpiece and tool.
  3. Process according to either claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the relative movement between the tool (20) and the workpiece (21) is stopped, that the relative movement is effected to a small extent in the opposite direction and that afterwards the reversal of the direction of rotation of the cutting tool (20) is effected and the relative movement is continued in the original direction.
  4. Rotating cutting tool (20) for wood working machines for effecting the process according to one of the preceding claims, the cutting tool on the tool body (6) around the circumference bearing preferably replaceable cutters (3,4,5) projecting radially to a slight extent from the tool body, all cutting edges(1,2) of the cutters (3,4,5) following each other in succession and one portion (1) of the cutting edges of the cutters (3,4,5) being assigned to one direction of rotation of the tool body (6) and the other portion (2) to the opposite direction of rotation, all cutting edges (1,2) being equidistant from the axis of rotation (7) and all cutters (3,4,5) being rigidly mounted on the tool body (6).
  5. Cutting tool according to claim 4, characterized by a symmetrically designed cutter (3) having in the circumferential direction cutting edges (1,2) on either side.
  6. Cutting tool according to either claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the cutters (3) are wedge-like or trapezoidal in shape.
  7. Cutting tool according to one of the claims 4 to 6, characterized by a wedge-like or trapezoidal holding element (8) fixing blade-like cutters (4,5) on either side.
  8. Cutting tool according to one of the claims 4 to 7, characterized in that arranged on the front face of the tool body (6) are pre-cutting tools (10) having cutting edges (11) for both directions of rotation.
EP92106192A 1991-05-08 1992-04-10 Rotary milling tool Expired - Lifetime EP0512275B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4115095 1991-05-08
DE4115095A DE4115095A1 (en) 1991-05-08 1991-05-08 ROTATING MILL TOOL

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0512275A2 EP0512275A2 (en) 1992-11-11
EP0512275A3 EP0512275A3 (en) 1993-03-03
EP0512275B1 true EP0512275B1 (en) 1996-09-25

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ID=6431288

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92106192A Expired - Lifetime EP0512275B1 (en) 1991-05-08 1992-04-10 Rotary milling tool

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EP (1) EP0512275B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE143303T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4115095A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1818151A1 (en) * 2006-02-08 2007-08-15 Blastrac B.V. Rotatory reversible milling tool
DE102006009203A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-30 Arntz Beteiligungs Gmbh & Co. Kg Rotary-driven cutting/milling tool for machining endless drive/conveyor belts has cutting teeth on its periphery for machining leathery, flexible or plastic materials
DE102014008645B4 (en) 2014-06-13 2018-07-19 Audi Ag face milling

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE480625C (en) * 1929-08-06 Ernst Mehring For right and left turning usable milling cutter for woodworking
DE117551C (en) * 1900-01-01
GB191009820A (en) * 1910-04-22 1910-10-06 John Elsworth And Sons Ltd Improvements in Cutter-holders for Wood-working Machinery.
DE824257C (en) * 1950-08-18 1951-12-10 Friedrich Grupp Precutter, especially for milling tools
US2840128A (en) * 1957-05-10 1958-06-24 George L Slusser Reversible action cutting bit assembly
AT249980B (en) * 1964-06-01 1966-10-25 Josef Ing Reinberg Device for edge processing of wooden parts using milling tools
US3672417A (en) * 1970-05-12 1972-06-27 Roberto Lugo Combination shaper blade and support therefor
SU1524999A1 (en) * 1988-03-23 1989-11-30 Львовский Лесотехнический Институт Wood cutter
IT1238935B (en) * 1990-05-23 1993-09-07 Bacci Paolino Di Giuseppe Bacc MACHINE TOOL FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF JOINTS ON FURNITURE AND SIMILAR CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59207219D1 (en) 1996-10-31
EP0512275A2 (en) 1992-11-11
EP0512275A3 (en) 1993-03-03
ATE143303T1 (en) 1996-10-15
DE4115095A1 (en) 1992-11-12

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