EP0509959B1 - Clockwork movement - Google Patents

Clockwork movement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0509959B1
EP0509959B1 EP92810230A EP92810230A EP0509959B1 EP 0509959 B1 EP0509959 B1 EP 0509959B1 EP 92810230 A EP92810230 A EP 92810230A EP 92810230 A EP92810230 A EP 92810230A EP 0509959 B1 EP0509959 B1 EP 0509959B1
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Prior art keywords
time
month
wheel
cam
equation
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EP92810230A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0509959A1 (en
Inventor
Michel Caspar
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Montres Breguet SA
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Montres Breguet SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/22—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces
    • G04B19/23—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces by means of additional hands or additional pairs of hands
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars

Definitions

  • timepiece equation movements There are also known timepiece equation movements. These watches or clocks with time equation have a pair of hour and minute hands which indicate, as in the generality of the watches, the average or civil time. These watches also indicate the time difference between civil time and real time, thanks to a time equation cam.
  • Documents FR-A-189,677 are also known; CH-A-673.747; and US-A-463.101 timepiece movements with perpetual calendar simultaneously indicating the difference between civil time and real time. It is therefore a movement with a perpetual calendar according to the Gregorian calendar and a perpetual time equation. These movements include a first perpetual calendar mechanism displaying also the civil time and a second mechanism called with time equation, and also a third mechanism cooperating with the two previous ones, to display perpetually the difference between the civil time and the real time.
  • the object of the present invention is to make the third mechanism particularly simple and also to allow, after an indefinite stopping time of the movement, to automatically return the equation cam to the exact position by simply phasing the date, year, month and hour.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the movement.
  • Figure 2 is a view of the dial.
  • the movement shown in Figure 1 has three mechanisms.
  • the first mechanism comprises, at the center of the movement, an hour wheel 1, meshing a 24-hour wheel 2 carrying a drive finger 3 intended to lift a multiple rocker 4, perpetually, once per 24 hours.
  • a beak of the rocker rotates a tooth a star 5 to 7 teeth, indicating the days of the week and simultaneously rotates the date wheel 6 to 31 teeth.
  • the date wheel 6 is angularly integral with a spiral 7.
  • the multiple lever 4 comprises a catch pawl 8, cooperating with the spiral 7 and a lever arm 9 cooperating with the steps of a cam 10 divided into 48 steps whose depths vary according to the length of the months they represent. This cam 10 is angularly secured to a wheel 11 of 48 teeth.
  • the catching ratchet 8 slides around the circumference of the spiral 7 without producing an effect until the lever arm 9 is pressed on the step of the 16 months of 30 days, the 3 months of 28 days or on February 29 leap year. At this moment the tip of the pawl 8 engages in the notch of the spiral 7. The pawl 8 then drives the additional teeth and passes to the first day of the following month. An end-of-month finger 12 then drives the return wheel 13 which, at its turn will advance the 48-month wheel 11 by one tooth integrally with the 48-month cam 10 which itself will cause an intermediate return of the 12-month indicator 14 and, consequently, the 12-month wheel 15. Thanks with this mechanism, the date wheel 6 comprising 31 teeth rotates 360 ° whatever the number of days included in the month.
  • the second mechanism comprises a time equation cam 16 with which a feeler 17 cooperates which is integral with a toothed sector which actuates a pinion 18 carrying a needle 19 indicating the momentary difference between the civil time and the real time.
  • the cam 16 is rotated by the clock mechanism.
  • the third mechanism comprises a succession of pinions and wheels, connecting the date wheel 6 to the time equation cam 16.
  • FIG. 2 An example of the dial of an automatic wristwatch provided with the movement represented by FIG. 1 is represented by FIG. 2.
  • the middle of the display window 24 for the day of the week, the center 25 of rotation of the hand 26 indicating the months, which coincides with the center of rotation 25 of the time hands 27 and 28 , and the center of rotation 29 of a hand 30 indicating the date, are arranged on the median straight line of the dial.
  • a hand 32 indicates the current year with respect to the leap year.
  • two graduated sectors 33 and 34 are provided located laterally and symmetrically on either side of the center line of the dial in its upper part.
  • the sector 33 includes an arc of a circle of 62 °, the center 35 of which is provided with a hand 36 indicating the positive or negative variation of the real time in minutes compared to the civil time indicated by the hour hands 27 and minute 28 the center of rotation of which is located at 25.
  • the sector 34 comprises an arc of a circle of 60 °, the center 37 of which is provided with a needle 38 indicating the remaining running autonomy of the automatic movement.
  • the position of a trademark completing the symmetry of the dial has been indicated at 39.
  • the timepiece movement of the invention is advantageous since it allows, after an indefinite stop time of the movement, to automatically return the equation cam to the exact position and without possible error, by simple resetting of the date, of the year, month and hour.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The clockwork movement comprises a perpetual calendar mechanism (1-15), a time-equating mechanism (16-19), and a third mechanism (20-23) which is actuated by the first in order to modify the angular position of a time equation cam (16) of the second mechanism, as a function of the number of days in the months. Thus, this cam (16) always makes exactly one complete revolution in one year, whatever the number of days in the year. <??>It is therefore a perpetual calendar and perpetual time-equating movement. It also has the advantage that after indeterminate stoppage, the automatic resetting of the exact angular position of the time equation cam (16) is done without any possible error simply by rephasing the date, the year, the month and the time. <IMAGE>

Description

MOUVEMENT D'HORLOGERIEWATCHMAKING MOVEMENT

On connaît déjà des mouvements d'horlogerie à quantième perpétuel. Ces montres ou horloges ont pour but de donner automatiquement la date, en même temps que l'heure. Très généralement, on leur fait indiquer les jours, les mois et le quantième du mois selon le calendrier grégorien. Les montres à quantièmes perpétuels tiennent compte automatiquement des différentes longueurs des mois ainsi que des années bissextiles. Les mécanismes de ces mouvements à quantièmes perpétuels sont basés sur la présence d'une roue pourvue de 48 dents qui est actionnée pour le changement des 48 mois, compris entre deux années bissextiles. Cette roue fait donc un tour en 4 ans. Sur sa surface supérieure, il est fixé une came divisée en 48 échelons, dont les arcs sont égaux, mais leur profondeur varie suivant la longueur du mois qu'ils représentent.We already know watch movements with perpetual calendar. The purpose of these watches or clocks is to automatically give the date, at the same time as the time. Very generally, they are made to indicate the days, the months and the calendar of the month according to the Gregorian calendar. Watches with perpetual calendars automatically take into account the different lengths of the months as well as leap years. The mechanisms of these perpetual calendar movements are based on the presence of a wheel provided with 48 teeth which is actuated for the change of the 48 months, between two leap years. This wheel therefore turns in 4 years. On its upper surface, there is fixed a cam divided into 48 steps, whose arcs are equal, but their depth varies according to the length of the month they represent.

On connaît aussi des mouvements d'horlogerie à équation de temps. Ces montres ou horloges à équation de temps possèdent une paire d'aiguilles d'heures et minutes qui indiquent, comme dans la généralité des montres, le temps moyen ou civil. Ces montres indiquent en outre l'écart de temps entre le temps civil et le temps vrai, grâce à une came d'équation de temps.There are also known timepiece equation movements. These watches or clocks with time equation have a pair of hour and minute hands which indicate, as in the generality of the watches, the average or civil time. These watches also indicate the time difference between civil time and real time, thanks to a time equation cam.

On connaît également des documents FR-A-189.677; CH-A-673.747; et US-A-463.101 des mouvements d'horlogerie à quantième perpétuel indiquant simultanément l'écart entre le temps civil et le temps vrai. Il s'agit donc d'un mouvement à quantième perpétuel selon le calendrier grégorien et à équation de temps perpétuelle. Ces mouvements comprennent un premier mécanisme à quantième perpétuel affichant aussi le temps civil et un deuxième mécanisme dit à équation de temps, et aussi un troisième mécanisme coopérant avec les deux précédents, pour afficher perpétuellement la différence entre le temps civil et le temps vrai. La présente invention a pour but la réalisation particulièrement simple du troisième mécanisme et également de permettre, après un temps d'arrêt indéterminé du mouvement, de remettre automatiquement la came d'équation en position exacte par simple mise en phase du quantième, de l'année, du mois et de l'heure.Documents FR-A-189,677 are also known; CH-A-673.747; and US-A-463.101 timepiece movements with perpetual calendar simultaneously indicating the difference between civil time and real time. It is therefore a movement with a perpetual calendar according to the Gregorian calendar and a perpetual time equation. These movements include a first perpetual calendar mechanism displaying also the civil time and a second mechanism called with time equation, and also a third mechanism cooperating with the two previous ones, to display perpetually the difference between the civil time and the real time. The object of the present invention is to make the third mechanism particularly simple and also to allow, after an indefinite stopping time of the movement, to automatically return the equation cam to the exact position by simply phasing the date, year, month and hour.

Les dessins annexés représentent, à titre d'exemple, une forme d'exécution du mouvement selon l'invention.The accompanying drawings show, by way of example, an embodiment of the movement according to the invention.

La figure 1 est une vue schématique du mouvement.Figure 1 is a schematic view of the movement.

La figure 2 est une vue du cadran.Figure 2 is a view of the dial.

Le mouvement représenté sur la figure 1 comporte trois mécanismes. Le premier à quantième perpétuel, le second à équation de temps et un troisième, partie essentielle de l'invention, qui relie fonctionnellement le mécanisme à quantième perpétuel avec le mécanisme à équation de temps pour afficher simultanément et perpétuellement sur le cadran, d'une part le temps civil et d'autre part l'écart entre le temps civil et le temps vrai.The movement shown in Figure 1 has three mechanisms. The first with perpetual calendar, the second with time equation and a third, essential part of the invention, which functionally connects the mechanism with perpetual calendar with the mechanism with time equation to display simultaneously and perpetually on the dial, of a on the one hand the civil time and on the other hand the difference between the civil time and the real time.

Le premier mécanisme comprend, au centre du mouvement, une roue des heures 1, engrenant une roue de 24 heures 2 portant un doigt d'entraînement 3 destiné à soulever une bascule multiple 4, perpétuelle, une fois par 24 heures. Au moment où la bascule 4 est soulevée, un bec de la bascule entraîne en rotation d'une dent une étoile 5 à 7 dents, indicatrice des jours de la semaine et simultanément entraîne en rotation la roue des quantièmes 6 à 31 dents. La roue des quantièmes 6, est solidaire angulairement d'un colimaçon 7. La bascule multiple 4 comporte un cliquet de rattrapage 8, coopérant avec le colimaçon 7 et un bras de levier 9 coopérant avec les échelons d'une came 10 divisée en 48 échelons dont les profondeurs varient en fonction de la longueur des mois qu'ils représentent. Cette came 10 est angulairement solidaire d'une roue 11 de 48 dents. Le cliquet 8 de rattrapage glisse sur le pourtour du colimaçon 7 sans produire d'effet jusqu'à ce que le bras du levier 9 soit appuyé sur l'échelon des 16 mois de 30 jours, les 3 mois de 28 jours ou le 29 février de l'année bissextile. A ce moment la pointe du cliquet 8 s'engage dans le cran du colimaçon 7. Le cliquet 8 entraîne alors les dents supplémentaires et passe au premier jour du mois suivant. Un doigt de fin de mois 12 entraîne alors la roue de renvoi 13 qui à son tour fera avancer la roue 11 de 48 mois d'une dent solidairement avec la came 10 de 48 mois qui elle-même entraînera un renvoi intermédiaire de l'indicateur 14 de 12 mois et, par conséquent, la roue des 12 mois 15. Grâce à ce mécanisme, la roue des quantièmes 6 comportant 31 dents effectue une rotation de 360° quel que soit le nombre de jours compris dans le mois.The first mechanism comprises, at the center of the movement, an hour wheel 1, meshing a 24-hour wheel 2 carrying a drive finger 3 intended to lift a multiple rocker 4, perpetually, once per 24 hours. When the rocker 4 is raised, a beak of the rocker rotates a tooth a star 5 to 7 teeth, indicating the days of the week and simultaneously rotates the date wheel 6 to 31 teeth. The date wheel 6 is angularly integral with a spiral 7. The multiple lever 4 comprises a catch pawl 8, cooperating with the spiral 7 and a lever arm 9 cooperating with the steps of a cam 10 divided into 48 steps whose depths vary according to the length of the months they represent. This cam 10 is angularly secured to a wheel 11 of 48 teeth. The catching ratchet 8 slides around the circumference of the spiral 7 without producing an effect until the lever arm 9 is pressed on the step of the 16 months of 30 days, the 3 months of 28 days or on February 29 leap year. At this moment the tip of the pawl 8 engages in the notch of the spiral 7. The pawl 8 then drives the additional teeth and passes to the first day of the following month. An end-of-month finger 12 then drives the return wheel 13 which, at its turn will advance the 48-month wheel 11 by one tooth integrally with the 48-month cam 10 which itself will cause an intermediate return of the 12-month indicator 14 and, consequently, the 12-month wheel 15. Thanks with this mechanism, the date wheel 6 comprising 31 teeth rotates 360 ° whatever the number of days included in the month.

Le second mécanisme comprend une came 16 d'équation de temps avec laquelle coopère un palpeur 17 qui est solidaire d'un secteur denté qui actionne un pignon 18 portant une aiguille 19 indiquant l'écart momentané entre le temps civil et le temps vrai. La came 16 est entraînée en rotation par le mécanisme d'horlogerie.The second mechanism comprises a time equation cam 16 with which a feeler 17 cooperates which is integral with a toothed sector which actuates a pinion 18 carrying a needle 19 indicating the momentary difference between the civil time and the real time. The cam 16 is rotated by the clock mechanism.

Le troisième mécanisme comporte une succession de pignons et de roues, reliant la roue des quantièmes 6 à la came 16 d'équation de temps. Un pignon 20 de 16 dents, augulairement solidaire de la roue 6 des quantièmes, engrène une roue 21 de 48 dents. Un pignon 22 de renvoi à 14 dents, solidaire de la roue 21, engrène une roue 23 de 56 dents qui est angulairement solidaire de la came 16 d'équation de temps. En conséquence, le pignon 20, solidaire de 12, 6 et 7 fera un tour par mois quel que soit l'année en cours ou le nombre de jours du mois correspondant.The third mechanism comprises a succession of pinions and wheels, connecting the date wheel 6 to the time equation cam 16. A pinion 20 of 16 teeth, augularly secured to the wheel 6 of the dates, meshes a wheel 21 of 48 teeth. A 14-tooth return pinion 22, integral with the wheel 21, meshes with a 56-tooth wheel 23 which is angularly integral with the time equation cam 16. Consequently, the pinion 20, integral with 12, 6 and 7 will do one revolution per month whatever the current year or the number of days of the corresponding month.

Le fait que l'équation de temps est perpétuelle peut être montré de la façon suivante. En considérant que la transmission pour l'affichage de l'équation de temps est effectuée par le pignon 20 de 16 dents, la roue 21 de 48 dents, le pignon 22 de 14 dents et la roue 23 de 56 dents porteuse de la came d'équation 16, on peut poser la formule suivante:

Figure imgb0001
The fact that the equation of time is perpetual can be shown in the following way. Considering that the transmission for displaying the time equation is effected by the pinion 20 of 16 teeth, the wheel 21 of 48 teeth, the pinion 22 of 14 teeth and the wheel 23 of 56 teeth carrying the cam d equation 16, we can ask the following formula:
Figure imgb0001

Ainsi, il est démontré que l'indication de l'équation du temps est perpétuelle, au sens horloger du terme. Cela implique que, quel que soit l'année en cours, la roue 23 de 56 dents porteuse de la came 16 d'équation effectuera une rotation de 360°. L'affichage du temps vrai est donc perpétuel avec la plus grande précision.Thus, it is shown that the indication of the equation of time is perpetual, in the horological sense of the term. This implies that, whatever the current year, the wheel 23 of 56 teeth carrying the cam 16 of equation will rotate 360 °. The display of real time is therefore perpetual with the greatest precision.

Un exemple de cadran d'une montre bracelet automatique munie du mouvement représenté par la figure 1 est représenté par la figure 2.An example of the dial of an automatic wristwatch provided with the movement represented by FIG. 1 is represented by FIG. 2.

Sur cette figure on peut voir que le milieu du guichet d'affichage 24 du jour de la semaine, le centre 25 de rotation de l'aiguille 26 indicatrice des mois, qui coïncide avec le centre de rotation 25 des aiguilles du temps 27 et 28, et le centre de rotation 29 d'une aiguille 30 indicatrice du quantième, sont disposés sur la ligne droite médiane du cadran. Dans un cadran auxiliaire 31 situé latéralement à gauche du cadran, une aiguille 32 indique l'année en cours par rapport à l'année bissextile. De plus, il est prévu deux secteurs gradués 33 et 34 situés latéralement et symétriquement de part et d'autre de la ligne médiane du cadran dans sa partie supérieure. Le secteur 33 comprend un arc de cercle de 62° dont le centre 35 est muni d'une aiguille 36 indiquant la variation positive ou négative du temps vrai en minutes par rapport au temps civil indiqué par les aiguilles d'heure 27 et de minute 28 dont le centre de rotation est situé en 25. Le secteur 34 comprend un arc de cercle de 60° dont le centre 37 est muni d'une aiguille 38 indiquant l'autonomie de marche restante du mouvement automatique. On a indiqué en 39 la position d'une marque de fabrique complétant la symétrie du cadran.In this figure it can be seen that the middle of the display window 24 for the day of the week, the center 25 of rotation of the hand 26 indicating the months, which coincides with the center of rotation 25 of the time hands 27 and 28 , and the center of rotation 29 of a hand 30 indicating the date, are arranged on the median straight line of the dial. In an auxiliary dial 31 located laterally to the left of the dial, a hand 32 indicates the current year with respect to the leap year. In addition, two graduated sectors 33 and 34 are provided located laterally and symmetrically on either side of the center line of the dial in its upper part. The sector 33 includes an arc of a circle of 62 °, the center 35 of which is provided with a hand 36 indicating the positive or negative variation of the real time in minutes compared to the civil time indicated by the hour hands 27 and minute 28 the center of rotation of which is located at 25. The sector 34 comprises an arc of a circle of 60 °, the center 37 of which is provided with a needle 38 indicating the remaining running autonomy of the automatic movement. The position of a trademark completing the symmetry of the dial has been indicated at 39.

Le mouvement d'horlogerie de l'invention est avantageux puisqu'il permet, après un temps d'arrêt indéterminé du mouvement, de remettre automatiquement la came d'équation en position exacte et sans erreur possible, par simple remise en phase du quantième, de l'année, du mois et de l'heure.The timepiece movement of the invention is advantageous since it allows, after an indefinite stop time of the movement, to automatically return the equation cam to the exact position and without possible error, by simple resetting of the date, of the year, month and hour.

Claims (3)

  1. A clockwork including a perpetual mechanism giving the day of the month and a mechanism for obtaining the equation of time, which includes a third mechanism cooperating with two former ones, to permanently display the difference between the civil time given by the first mechanism and the true time, this third mechanism being actuated by the first one to modify the angular position of a cam (16) for obtaining the equation of time belonging to the second mechanism, according to the number of days of the months, so that this cam (16) makes a complete rotation in one year, whatever the number of days in the same; characterized in that the third mechanism includes a pinion (20) angularly locked to the wheel (6) giving the day of the month, a wheel (21) with 48 teeth meshed with said pinion (20) and locked with a setting wheel (22) with 14 teeth, which is in turn meshed with a wheel (23) with 56 teeth which is angularly locked with the cam (16) for obtaining the equation of time.
  2. A clockwork according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle of a window (24) for displaying the day of the week, the center of rotation (25) of a hand giving the month (26) coinciding with the center (25) of rotation of the hands giving the time (27, 28) and the center of rotation (29) of another hand (30) giving the day of the month, are arranged along a median straight line of the clock face.
  3. A wrist watch including a clockwork according to one of the preceding claims.
EP92810230A 1991-04-17 1992-03-30 Clockwork movement Expired - Lifetime EP0509959B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1151/91A CH681674B5 (en) 1991-04-17 1991-04-17 clockwork perpetual calendar.
CH1151/91 1991-04-17

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EP0509959A1 EP0509959A1 (en) 1992-10-21
EP0509959B1 true EP0509959B1 (en) 1996-04-24

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US (1) US5184333A (en)
EP (1) EP0509959B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE137345T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2064947C (en)
CH (1) CH681674B5 (en)
DE (1) DE69210081T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0509959T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2089469T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3020599T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1006880A1 (en)

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US8588031B2 (en) 2011-03-23 2013-11-19 Montres Breguet Sa Timepiece movement comprising a running equation of time device

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Publication number Publication date
CH681674B5 (en) 1993-11-15
DE69210081T2 (en) 1996-12-05
GR3020599T3 (en) 1996-10-31
US5184333A (en) 1993-02-02
ATE137345T1 (en) 1996-05-15
EP0509959A1 (en) 1992-10-21
HK1006880A1 (en) 1999-03-19
CH681674GA3 (en) 1993-05-14
DK0509959T3 (en) 1996-09-02
CA2064947A1 (en) 1992-10-18
DE69210081D1 (en) 1996-05-30
ES2089469T3 (en) 1996-10-01
CA2064947C (en) 1999-12-07

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