EP0505722A1 - Process for reclaiming bulk material containing coated grains, in particular used foundry sand - Google Patents

Process for reclaiming bulk material containing coated grains, in particular used foundry sand Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0505722A1
EP0505722A1 EP92102725A EP92102725A EP0505722A1 EP 0505722 A1 EP0505722 A1 EP 0505722A1 EP 92102725 A EP92102725 A EP 92102725A EP 92102725 A EP92102725 A EP 92102725A EP 0505722 A1 EP0505722 A1 EP 0505722A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sand
abrasive
grains
grain size
regenerated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92102725A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernd Dipl.-Ing. Federhen
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Alb Klein GmbH and Co KG
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Alb Klein GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Alb Klein GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Alb Klein GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0505722A1 publication Critical patent/EP0505722A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/10—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by dust separating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
    • Y10S241/10—Foundry sand treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regenerating pebbles from coated grains with an irregular surface, in particular with a jacket of the like or the like. occupied foundry sands, in which the casing is broken down by friction.
  • foundry sands can be found, for example, in the foundry encyclopedia, Berlin 198011, pages 675 to 681. Above all, the regeneration of old sands is essential so that they can be largely reused after a casting process - to save new sand and to reduce the amount of landfill. It is among other things required, the individual grains of sand or the like from the surrounding binder or the like. To clear up impurities, mainly using friction or impact forces; the surface of the grain is cleaned by impacting on a surface or by means of sand grain. The binder casings adhering to the grain surface are removed - depending on the equipment of the process mainly by impact or friction.
  • DE-PS 24 08 981 proposes to accelerate foundry sand by rotation and to drive it at high speed against a bulk material bed serving as an impact cushion; the grains are disrupted or cleaned under the action of centrifugal forces by friction in the bulk bed.
  • DE-OS 22 02 311 discloses sand cleaning with a centrifugal wheel and inclined baffle plates.
  • DE-OS 24 48 333 the sand is hurled against a baffle by means of a pneumatic device which, for example, spans a vertical, inclined or horizontal sand pipe at a distance.
  • DE-PS 25 19 135 also discusses a cleaning system for impact cleaning of granular material by means of a nozzle connected to a gas flow source opposite an impact surface.
  • DE-PS 22 33 111 describes a pneumatic regeneration process in which foundry sand or the like - optionally with admixture of new sand - of prestressed air against an impact bell or the like. is thrown up. Upon impact, the individual quartz grains enveloping binder layers burst, and the quartz grain can then assume a binder coating again. With this treatment, quartz grains can be damaged and then accumulate as dust.
  • the inventor has set itself the goal of offering a method with an increased regeneration effect in which binder residues located in concave areas of the sand grains are removed as far as possible, or at least reduced.
  • the inventor takes advantage of the idea that the dust accumulating in the processing zone is not - as is done in the prior art - extracted and removed from the system, but at least partially used for the digestion of the sand to be cleaned; the sand is treated according to the invention with a granular abrasive, the grain size of which is considerably smaller than the grain size of the sand to be cleaned.
  • the quartz portion of the dust produced by the sand treatment should preferably be separated off, recycled and used for this purpose.
  • the scouring agent can also be a fine-grained material made of quartz, iron or the like. be.
  • a grain size of the so-called abrasive of a maximum of 0.125 mm should be specified for a "Frechen" type quartz sand with the designation F 32 with an average grain size of 0.23 mm, for an F 34 (0.20 mm) from 0.09.
  • F 32 with an average grain size of 0.23 mm
  • F 34 (0.20 mm) from 0.09.
  • the upper grain size limit of the so-called scouring agent preferably corresponds to approximately 50% of the average grain size of the sand to be regenerated.
  • the abrasive effect on the surface of the grain of sand is achieved in that the abrasive to the sand receives a speed which differs in amount and / or direction and thus hits the surface of the grain of sand; it then penetrates into the concave areas of the grain of sand.
  • the treatment can take place, for example, in a rotating field, in a fluidized bed, in channels in cocurrent or countercurrent, the material flows may also cross.
  • the sand can also be heated or cooled for embrittlement and / or drying of the adhesive binder casings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

In a process for reclaiming bulk material containing coated grains with an irregular surface, in particular used foundry sand with a jacket consisting of binder or the like, the jacket is broken open by friction, the sand to be reclaimed being brought into frictional contact with a granular abrasive, the grain size of which is considerably smaller than that of the sand.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Regenerieren von Haufwerk aus beschichteten Körnern unregelmäßiger Oberfläche, insbesondere von mit einem Mantel aus Bindemittel od.dgl. belegten Gießereialtsanden, bei dem der Mantel durch Reibung aufgeschlossen wird.The invention relates to a method for regenerating pebbles from coated grains with an irregular surface, in particular with a jacket of the like or the like. occupied foundry sands, in which the casing is broken down by friction.

Die verschiedenen Stufen der Aufbereitung von Gießereisanden sind beispielhaft dem Gießereilexikon, Berlin 1980¹¹, Seiten 675 bis 681, zu entnehmen. Wesentlich ist dabei vor allem die Regenerierung von Altsanden, um diese -- zur Einsparung von Neusand sowie zur Reduzierung von Deponiemengen -- nach einem Gießvorgang weitestgehend wieder verwenden zu können. Dazu ist es u.a. erforderlich, die einzelnen Sandkörner von den sie als Hülle umgebenden Bindemitteln od.dgl. Verunreinigungen zu befreien, wozu vor allem Reibungs- oder Prallkräfte eingesetzt werden; die Kornoberfläche wird durch den Aufprall auf eine Fläche oder mittels Reibung von Sandkorn gereinigt. Dabei werden die auf der Kornoberfläche haftenden Binderhüllen -- je nach Ausstattung des Verfahrens überwiegend durch den Prall oder die Reibung -- abgetragen.The various stages in the processing of foundry sands can be found, for example, in the foundry encyclopedia, Berlin 1980¹¹, pages 675 to 681. Above all, the regeneration of old sands is essential so that they can be largely reused after a casting process - to save new sand and to reduce the amount of landfill. It is among other things required, the individual grains of sand or the like from the surrounding binder or the like. To clear up impurities, mainly using friction or impact forces; the surface of the grain is cleaned by impacting on a surface or by means of sand grain. The binder casings adhering to the grain surface are removed - depending on the equipment of the process mainly by impact or friction.

So schlägt etwa die DE-PS 24 08 981 vor, Gießereisand durch Rotation zu beschleunigen sowie mit hoher Geschwindigkeit gegen ein als Prallpolster dienendes Schüttgutbett zu treiben; die Körner werden unter Einwirkung zentrifugaler Kräfte durch Reibung im Schüttgutbett aufgeschlossen bzw. gesäubert. Eine Sandreinigung mit einem Schleuderrad und schräg gestellten Prallplatten offenbart die DE-OS 22 02 311.For example, DE-PS 24 08 981 proposes to accelerate foundry sand by rotation and to drive it at high speed against a bulk material bed serving as an impact cushion; the grains are disrupted or cleaned under the action of centrifugal forces by friction in the bulk bed. DE-OS 22 02 311 discloses sand cleaning with a centrifugal wheel and inclined baffle plates.

Nach der DE-OS 24 48 333 wird der Sand mittels einer pneumatischen Einrichtung gegen eine Prallwand geschleudert, die beispielsweise haubenartig ein vertikales, geneigtes oder auch horizontales Sandführungsrohr in Abstand überspannt. Ebenfalls erörtert die DE-PS 25 19 135 eine Reinigungsanlage zum Prallreinigen von körnigem Material mittels einer an eine Gasstromquelle angeschlossenen Düse gegenüber einer Prallfläche.According to DE-OS 24 48 333, the sand is hurled against a baffle by means of a pneumatic device which, for example, spans a vertical, inclined or horizontal sand pipe at a distance. DE-PS 25 19 135 also discusses a cleaning system for impact cleaning of granular material by means of a nozzle connected to a gas flow source opposite an impact surface.

Die DE-PS 22 33 111 beschreibt ein pneumatisches Regenerierungsverfahren, bei dem Gießereialtsand -- gegebenenfalls unter Beimischung von Neusand -- von vorgespannter Luft gegen eine Prallglocke od.dgl. hochgeschleudert wird. Beim Aufprall platzen die einzelne Quarzkörner umhüllenden Bindemittelschichten auf, und das Quarzkorn kann dann erneut eine Bindemittelumhüllung annehmen. Bei dieser Behandlung können Quarzkörner beschädigt werden und fallen dann als Staub an.DE-PS 22 33 111 describes a pneumatic regeneration process in which foundry sand or the like - optionally with admixture of new sand - of prestressed air against an impact bell or the like. is thrown up. Upon impact, the individual quartz grains enveloping binder layers burst, and the quartz grain can then assume a binder coating again. With this treatment, quartz grains can be damaged and then accumulate as dust.

Bei den mit Luftdüsen beschleunigenden Verfahren wird empfohlen, die Luftströmung turbulent zu halten und gegebenenfalls zu einem primären Sandstrom einen gleichartigen sekundären zu geben, damit die Scheuerwirkung gesteigert wird.In the case of processes that accelerate with air nozzles, it is recommended to keep the air flow turbulent and, if necessary, to add a secondary flow of the same type to a primary sand stream, so that the abrasive effect is increased.

Mikroskopische Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, daß zwar die konvexen Partien so behandelter Sandkörner gereinigt sind, jedoch in den konkaven Zonen noch beträchtliche Binderreste haften. Bei der Prallbeanspruchung löst sich die Binderhülle nicht vollständig vom Korn, sondern bleibt gerade in den Vertiefungen erhalten, in denen sie relativ fest -- fast formschlüssig -- sitzt; die umgebenden Sandkörner vermögen aufgrund ihrer ähnlichen Größe nicht in diese Vertiefungen einzutreten und die Binderreste abzureiben.Microscopic examinations have shown that although the convex parts of the sand grains treated in this way have been cleaned, considerable binder residues still adhere in the concave zones. In the case of impact loads, the binder casing does not completely detach from the grain, but remains in the recesses, in which it sits relatively firmly - almost positively -; the surrounding grains of sand, due to their similar size, are unable to enter these depressions and rub off the binder residues.

In Kenntnis dieses Standes der Technik hat sich der Erfinder das Ziel gesetzt, ein Verfahren mit erhöhtem Regenerierungseffekt anzubieten, bei dem auch in konkaven Bereichen der Sandkörner befindliche Binderreste möglichst beseitigt, zumindest aber vermindert werden.Knowing this state of the art, the inventor has set itself the goal of offering a method with an increased regeneration effect in which binder residues located in concave areas of the sand grains are removed as far as possible, or at least reduced.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe führt die technische Lehre nach dem unabhängigen Patentanspruch.The technical teaching according to the independent claim leads to solving this problem.

Der Erfinder macht sich den Gedanken zunutze, den in der Aufbereitungszone anfallenden Staub nicht -- wie dies beim Stande der Technik erfolgt -- abzusaugen und dem System zu entziehen, sondern für den Aufschluß des zu reinigenden Sandes zumindest teilweise einzusetzen; der Sand wird erfindungsgemäß mit einem körnigen Scheuermittel behandelt, dessen Korngröße wesentlich kleiner ist als die Korngröße des zu reinigenden Sandes. Vorzugsweise soll der Quarzanteil des durch die Sandbehandlung anfallenden Staubes für diesen Zweck abgetrennt, rückgeführt und eingesetzt werden. Jedoch kann das Scheuermittel auch ein feinkörniger Stoff aus Quarz, Eisen od.dgl. sein.The inventor takes advantage of the idea that the dust accumulating in the processing zone is not - as is done in the prior art - extracted and removed from the system, but at least partially used for the digestion of the sand to be cleaned; the sand is treated according to the invention with a granular abrasive, the grain size of which is considerably smaller than the grain size of the sand to be cleaned. The quartz portion of the dust produced by the sand treatment should preferably be separated off, recycled and used for this purpose. However, the scouring agent can also be a fine-grained material made of quartz, iron or the like. be.

Um eine Größenordnung der Sandverhältnisse anzubieten, sei bei einem Quarzsand des Typs "Frechen" mit der Bezeichnung F 32 mittlerer Korngröße von 0,23 mm eine Korngröße des sog. Scheuermittels von höchstens 0,125 mm vorgegeben, bei einem F 34 (0,20 mm) von 0,09. Eine Übersicht über die Sande entnehme man dem Gießereilexikon (s.o.), S. 281, 282. Die obere Korngrößengrenze des sog. Scheuermittels entspricht bevorzugt etwa 50 % der mittleren Korngröße des zu regenerierenden Sandes.In order to offer an order of magnitude of the sand conditions, a grain size of the so-called abrasive of a maximum of 0.125 mm should be specified for a "Frechen" type quartz sand with the designation F 32 with an average grain size of 0.23 mm, for an F 34 (0.20 mm) from 0.09. An overview of the sands can be found in the foundry encyclopedia (see above), pp. 281, 282. The upper grain size limit of the so-called scouring agent preferably corresponds to approximately 50% of the average grain size of the sand to be regenerated.

Die Scheuerwirkung an der Sandkornoberfläche wird dadurch erreicht, daß das Scheuermittel zum Sand eine nach Betrag und/oder Richtung verschiedene Geschwindigkeit erhält und so auf die Sandkornoberfläche trifft; es dringt dann auch in die konkaven Stellen des Sandkornes ein.The abrasive effect on the surface of the grain of sand is achieved in that the abrasive to the sand receives a speed which differs in amount and / or direction and thus hits the surface of the grain of sand; it then penetrates into the concave areas of the grain of sand.

Zum Beschleunigen können an sich bekannte Mittel wie Schleuderteller, Luftstrahlen, Rührer od.dgl. Verwendung finden. Die Behandlung kann beispielsweise im Rotationsfeld, im Fließbett, in Kanälen im Gleich- oder Gegenstrom erfolgen, die Stoffströme mögen sich auch kreuzen.To accelerate known means such as spinner, air jets, stirrers or the like. Find use. The treatment can take place, for example, in a rotating field, in a fluidized bed, in channels in cocurrent or countercurrent, the material flows may also cross.

Als besonders günstig hat es sich erwiesen, daß für das erfindungsgemäße Reinigen sowohl chargenweise arbeitende Verfahren als auch Durchlaufverfahren geeignet sind.It has proven to be particularly favorable that both batch processes and continuous processes are suitable for the cleaning according to the invention.

Es ist vorteilhaft, aus dem bei der Behandlung anfallenden Staub die vorwiegend scharfkantigen, schwereren Quarzteilchen von den weicheren, leichteren Binderresten zu trennen und zur Behandlung der Sandkornoberfläche einzusetzen, die anderen Anteile des Staubes hingegen auzuscheiden.It is advantageous to separate the predominantly sharp-edged, heavier quartz particles from the softer, lighter binder residues from the dust obtained during the treatment and to use them to treat the surface of the grain of sand, while eliminating the other portions of the dust.

Abschließend sei darauf hingewiesen, daß zum Verspröden und/oder Trocknen der anhaftenden Binderhüllen der Sand auch erwärmt oder gekühlt werden kann.Finally, it should be pointed out that the sand can also be heated or cooled for embrittlement and / or drying of the adhesive binder casings.

Claims (10)

Verfahren zum Regenerieren von Haufwerk aus beschichteten Körnern unregelmäßiger Oberfläche, insbesondere von mit einem Mantel aus Bindemittel od.dgl. belegten Gießereialtsanden, bei dem der Mantel durch Reibung aufgeschlossen wird,

dadurch gekennzeichnet,

daß der zu regenerierende Sand mit einem körnigen Scheuermittel in reibende Berührung gebracht wird, dessen Korngröße wesentlich geringer ist als die des Sandes.Process for the regeneration of piles from coated grains of irregular surface, in particular with a jacket of the like or the like. occupied foundry sands, in which the casing is broken down by friction,

characterized,

that the sand to be regenerated is brought into rubbing contact with a granular abrasive, the grain size of which is considerably smaller than that of the sand. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß feinkörniger Anteil aus einer ersten Behandlungsstufe zu regenerierenden Sandes als Scheuermittel eingesetzt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that fine-grained fraction from a first treatment stage of sand to be regenerated is used as an abrasive. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen feinkörnigen Rieselstoff aus oder mit Quarz, Eisen od.dgl. als Scheuermittel.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a fine-grained pouring material made of or with quartz, iron or the like. as an abrasive. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Scheuermittel mit einer zum Sand unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeit an dessen Partikeln vorbeigeführt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the abrasive is passed past the particles at a different speed than the sand. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, gekennzeichnet durch eine gegenüber dem bewegten Sand höhere Geschwindigkeit der Scheuerpartikel.A method according to claim 4, characterized by a higher speed of the abrasive particles compared to the moving sand. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Scheuermittel an den Partikeln des aufzubereitenden Sandes im Gegenstrom oder quer zu dessen Strömungsrichtung vorbeigeführt wird.Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the abrasive agent is guided past the particles of the sand to be treated in countercurrent or transversely to its direction of flow. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus dem feinkörnigen Staub aus der ersten Behandlungsstufe zu regenerierenden Sandes die weicheren und leichteren staubartigen Verunreinigungen abgetrennt und zur Behandlung der Sandkornoberfläche eingesetzt werden.Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the softer and lighter dust-like impurities are separated from the fine-grained dust from the first treatment stage to be regenerated and used to treat the sand grain surface. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere Korngrößengrenze des Scheuermittels etwa der halben mittleren Korngröße des Gießereisandes entspricht.Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the upper grain size limit of the abrasive corresponds approximately to half the average grain size of the foundry sand. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Körner des aufzubereitenden Sandes mit der ihnen anhaftenden Binderhülle erwärmt werden.Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the grains of the sand to be processed are heated with the binder casing adhering to them. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Körner des aufzubereitenden Sandes mit der ihnen anhaftenden Binderhülle gekühlt werden.Method according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the grains of the sand to be prepared are cooled with the binder casing adhering to them.
EP92102725A 1991-03-27 1992-02-19 Process for reclaiming bulk material containing coated grains, in particular used foundry sand Withdrawn EP0505722A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4109993 1991-03-27
DE4109993A DE4109993A1 (en) 1991-03-27 1991-03-27 METHOD FOR REGENERATING PUMP FROM COATED GRAIN, IN PARTICULAR FROM FOUNDRY SAND

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0505722A1 true EP0505722A1 (en) 1992-09-30

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ID=6428280

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EP92102725A Withdrawn EP0505722A1 (en) 1991-03-27 1992-02-19 Process for reclaiming bulk material containing coated grains, in particular used foundry sand

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5259434A (en)
EP (1) EP0505722A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0576986A (en)
CN (1) CN1065225A (en)
CS (1) CS91792A3 (en)
DE (1) DE4109993A1 (en)
HU (1) HUT65812A (en)

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CA2121047C (en) * 1992-08-13 1998-01-06 Scott P. Crafton Heat treatment of metal castings and in-furnace sand reclamation
CN104379275B (en) * 2012-08-23 2016-05-25 新东工业株式会社 The regenerating unit of molding sand
DE102013001801B4 (en) * 2013-02-01 2014-12-18 Bernd Federhen Method and device for the mechanical treatment of foundry sand
CN109954833A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-02 十堰长江造型材料有限公司 Tide mould sand regenerates equipment for after-treatment

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Publication number Publication date
US5259434A (en) 1993-11-09
DE4109993C2 (en) 1993-06-17
DE4109993A1 (en) 1992-10-01
CN1065225A (en) 1992-10-14
HU9200930D0 (en) 1992-08-28
HUT65812A (en) 1994-07-28
JPH0576986A (en) 1993-03-30
CS91792A3 (en) 1992-10-14

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