EP0503081B1 - Magnetic core - Google Patents
Magnetic core Download PDFInfo
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- EP0503081B1 EP0503081B1 EP91916787A EP91916787A EP0503081B1 EP 0503081 B1 EP0503081 B1 EP 0503081B1 EP 91916787 A EP91916787 A EP 91916787A EP 91916787 A EP91916787 A EP 91916787A EP 0503081 B1 EP0503081 B1 EP 0503081B1
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- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- ribbon
- electrical insulating
- magnetic core
- magnetic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
- H01F41/0213—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits made from strip(s) or ribbon(s)
- H01F41/0226—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits made from strip(s) or ribbon(s) from amorphous ribbons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
- H01F27/245—Magnetic cores made from sheets, e.g. grain-oriented
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/153—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
- H01F1/15308—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals based on Fe/Ni
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/153—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
- H01F1/15316—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals based on Co
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/153—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
- H01F1/15383—Applying coatings thereon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
- H01F27/25—Magnetic cores made from strips or ribbons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
- H01F3/02—Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
- H01F3/04—Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from strips or ribbons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetic core used in apparatuses such as pulse generators and transformers, and more particularly, to a magnetic core used in a large electric power such as a magnetic core for a high output pulse.
- Magnetic pulse compression circuits adapted for generating a pulse having a high output and a short pulse duration have been used in pulse power source apparatuses used in lasers and particle accelerators.
- the magnetic pulse compression circuits compress a current pulse duration utilizing a saturation characteristic of a saturable magnetic core when the charge of a capacitor is shifted to a capacitor of a next stage.
- An induction magnetic core of a linear accelerator essentially operates as a 1:1 transformer and accelerates a charged particle beam which passes through the central portion of the magnetic core by means of a voltage generated in a secondary gap.
- magnetic cores for high output pulse there have been used magnetic cores wherein magnetic material ribbons such as iron-base amorphous alloy ribbons or cobalt-base amorphous alloy ribbons having characteristics such as high saturation magnetic flux density, a high squareness ratio of a magnetization curve and a low core loss and electrical insulating materials composed of a polymeric film such as a polyester film or polyimide film are alternately wound.
- magnetic material ribbons such as iron-base amorphous alloy ribbons or cobalt-base amorphous alloy ribbons having characteristics such as high saturation magnetic flux density, a high squareness ratio of a magnetization curve and a low core loss and electrical insulating materials composed of a polymeric film such as a polyester film or polyimide film are alternately wound.
- an insulating property between magnetic material ribbons is important because the magnetic cores are used in high output pulse applications. Therefore in the prior art in order to ensure layer insulation between magnetic material ribbon edges, the electrical insulating materials and the magnetic material ribbons have been set so that the width of the electrical insulating materials is wider than the width of the magnetic material ribbons.
- FIG. 2 which is a schematic view of a cross-section of the prior art magnetic core
- the edges of an electrical insulating material 2 projects from the edges of a magnetic material ribbon 1.
- the electrical insulating material 2 has a low heat conduction property and therefore the space between the projected portions of the electrical insulating material 2 can be a thermal insulation layer 3. Accordingly, an effect of cooling on the heat generation of magnetic cores in use, in other words, the heat generation of magnetic material ribbons is reduced and thus the temperature of the magnetic cores can rise.
- the temperature rise of the magnetic cores can result in the reduction of the magnetic flux of the magnetic cores and the acceleration of secular change of characteristics and there is inevitably occurred a problem that specific functions are not obtained.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the problems described above and provide a magnetic core having an excellent cooling characteristic.
- a magnetic core of the present invention is a magnetic core obtainable by laminating or winding a magnetic material ribbon and an electrical insulating material wherein it has the relationship of 0.5a ⁇ b ⁇ a in which the width of said magnetic material ribbon is "a”, and the width of said electrical insulating material is "b".
- magnetic alloy ribbons project by using the width of electrical insulating materials 2 less than the width of magnetic material ribbons 1 and the contact area of the magnetic alloy ribbons 1 to a coolant is increased.
- a heat removal property of heat due to heat generation of magnetic cores in use, i.e., heat generation of the magnetic material ribbons is improved.
- the width "b” of an electrical insulating material in order to improve contact area of magnetic material ribbon to coolant such as air, insulating oils, fluorine-containing inert liquids, the width "b" of an electrical insulating material must be less than the width "a” of a magnetic material ribbon. If the width is too narrow, the spacing between layers becomes narrow due to the deflection occurred when the thickness of the magnetic material ribbons is thin. When a high voltage is applied, a short-circuit is liable to be generated, and therefore the width "b" of the electrical insulating material is from 0.5 "a” to less than "a” for the width "a” of the magnetic material ribbon from the standpoint of short-circuit prevention.
- the width "b" of the electrical insulating material is from 0.9 “a” to less than “a”. More preferably, the width "b" of the electrical insulating material is from 0.95 “a” to less than "a”.
- both edges in a width direction of the magnetic material ribbon 1 project from both edges in a width direction of the electrical insulating material 2.
- the widths of the magnetic material ribbons and the electrical insulating materials in the case of magnetic cores obtained by laminating the magnetic material ribbons and the electrical insulating materials are 1/2 of the difference in outer diameter and inner diameter of each material.
- the reduction of layer insulation property in ribbon edges due to the fact that the width of the electrical insulating materials is less than the width of the magnetic alloy ribbon can be compensated by insulation property of coolant for magnetic cores such as air, insulating oils and fluorine-containing inert liquids present in ribbon edges. If necessary, an insulation property is further improved by increasing the thickness of the electrical insulating materials.
- the material from which the magnetic material ribbon of the present invention is produced are not particularly limited provided that the magnetic material and the electrical insulating material can be laminated or wound to form magnetic cores.
- iron-base amorphous alloys, cobalt-base amorphous alloys or iron-base magnetic alloys obtained by crystallizing an iron-base amorphous alloy and depositing fine grains have excellent magnetic characteristics and therefore they are preferred.
- iron-base amorphous alloys represented by the general formula: Fe 100-y X y [at.%] 14 ⁇ y ⁇ 21 wherein X is one or more elements selected from Si, B, P, C and Ge have a high saturation magnetic flux density and therefore they are preferred.
- X is Si or B
- the amount of Si be from 7 to 14 at.%
- the amount of B be from 11 to 15 at.%.
- iron-base amorphous alloys represented by the general formula: (Fe 1-x M x ) 100-y X y [at.%] 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.4 14 ⁇ y ⁇ 21 wherein M is one or two elements selected from Co and Ni, and X is one or more elements selected from Si, B, P, C and Ge and wherein a portion of Fe is substituted with Co and/or Ni are particularly preferred because high saturation magnetic flux density and high squareness ratio are obtained.
- magnetic characteristic can be improved by further adding not more than 5 at.% of elements such as Ti, Ta, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Mo, Nb and W.
- cobalt-base amorphous alloys represented by the general formula: (Co 1-x Fe x ) 100-z (Si 1-y B y ) z 0.02 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.1 0.3 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.9 20 ⁇ z ⁇ 30 have a high squareness ratio and a low core loss and therefore they are particularly preferred.
- a magnetic characteristic can be further improved by further adding not more than 8 at.% of elements such as Ti, Ta, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Mo, Nb and W. Of these, Mn, Ni, Mo, and Nb are particularly preferred from the standpoint of a low core loss.
- Fe-base magnetic alloys obtained by crystallizing an iron-base amorphous alloy and depositing fine grains
- Fe-base soft magnetic alloys having the composition represented by the following general formula: (Fe 1-a M a ) 100-x-y-z- ⁇ - ⁇ - ⁇ Cu x Si y B z M - ⁇ M -- ⁇ X ⁇ 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.5 0.1 ⁇ x ⁇ 3 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 30 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 25 0 ⁇ y+z ⁇ 35 0.1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 30 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10 0 ⁇ ⁇ 10 wherein M is one or two elements selected from Co and Ni, and M - is one or more elements selected from Nb, W, Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti and Mo, M -- is one or more elements selected from V, Cr, Mn, Al, platinum group metals, Sc, Y, rare earth elements, Au, Zn, Sn and Re, and
- the amorphous alloy ribbons having the composition described above can be easily produced by applying, for example, methods such as a melt quenching method to alloys having a specific composition. Further, while the thickness of the magnetic material ribbon using these materials is not particularly limited, the thickness of the magnetic material ribbon is preferably, for example, from 3 to 40 ⁇ m and more preferably from 6 to 28 ⁇ m.
- the materials from which the electrical insulating material is produced are not particularly limited, polyester films are inexpensive and therefore they are preferred.
- Polyimide films have excellent heat-resistance and a polyimide film/magnetic material ribbon assembly can be heat treated and therefore, for example, magnetic material ribbons and polyimide films can be alternately wound or laminated and thereafter heat treated. Therefore the polyimide films are preferred.
- the thickness of the electrical insulating material is not particularly limited, it is preferred that the thickness of the electrical insulating material be from 1.5 to 50 ⁇ m from the standpoint of the insulation property. More preferably, the thickness of the electrical insulating material is from 1.5 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the magnetic core according to the present invention can be produced by the following process.
- magnetic material ribbons and electrical insulating materials having a specific composition and shape are alternately wound in a conventional method.
- the punched product obtained by punching magnetic material ribbons having a specific composition into a specific shape in a conventional method and electrical insulating materials are alternately laminated.
- Heat treatment is optionally applied.
- the magnetic characteristics such as squareness ratio of the resulting magnetic cores can be improved by heat treating in a direct-current or alternating-current magnetic field.
- the cobalt-base amorphous alloys are used as the magnetic material ribbons, the composition capable of realizing a relatively high squareness ratio after melt quenching is present and therefore they can be used without applying any heat treatment.
- the squareness ratio of the resulting magnetic cores is improved as when a magnetic formed product is heat treated in a magnetic field.
- the size of the magnetic field is preferably of the order of 0.5 to 110 Oe and more preferably of the order of 5 to 20 Oe.
- combinations of the magnetic material ribbons and the electrical insulating materials can be appropriately selected depending upon required characteristics. For example, in uses wherein electrical insulating property is required, two or more layers of the electrical insulating material are used. In uses wherein magnetic characteristic is particularly required, two or more layers of the magnetic material ribbon can be used.
- magnetic cores of the present invention are not limited provided that heat generation occurs in use in the magnetic cores wherein the magnetic material ribbons and the electrical insulating materials are alternately laminated or wound, they are particularly effective for magnetic cores used in a large electric power such as pulse generators and transformers used in lasers, particle accelerators and the like.
- Amorphous alloy ribbons and electrical insulating materials having the compositions and shapes shown in Table 1 were used and they were alternately wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 200 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm.
- the wound magnetic cores obtained were heat treated for 30 minutes at 420°C, and thereafter heat treated for 1 hour at a constant temperature of 200°C in a direct-current constant magnetic field of 1 Oe.
- Amorphous alloy ribbons and electrical insulating materials having the compositions and shapes shown in Table 1 were used and they were alternately wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 230 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm.
- the wound magnetic cores obtained were heat treated for 30 minutes at 420°C, and thereafter heat treated for 1 hour at a constant temperature of 200°C in a direct-current constant magnetic field of 1 Oe.
- Amorphous alloy ribbons having the compositions and shapes shown in Table 1 were alternately wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 200 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm.
- the wound magnetic cores obtained were heat treated for 2 hours at a constant temperature of 400°C in a direct-current constant magnetic field of 1 Oe.
- amorphous alloy ribbons having the compositions and shapes shown in Table 1 were alternately wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 180 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm.
- the amorphous alloy ribbons were heat treated for 2 hours at a constant temperature of 320°C in a direct-current constant magnetic field of 30 Oe.
- the amorphous alloy ribbons obtained and electrical insulating materials shown in Table 1 were used and they were alternately again wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 180 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm.
- Amorphous alloy ribbons and electrical insulating materials having the compositions and shapes shown in Table 1 were used and they were alternately wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 240 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm.
- the wound magnetic cores obtained were heat treated for 1 hour at a constant temperature of 550°C in a direct-current constant magnetic field of 1 Oe to crystallize amorphous alloys to deposit fine grains.
- Amorphous alloy ribbons having the compositions and plate thicknesses shown in Table 1 were punched into annular products having an outer diameter of 60 mm and an inner diameter of 30 mm.
- the annular products obtained and annular electrical insulating materials having an outer diameter of 59.5 mm and an inner diameter of 30.5 mm were alternately laminated to form laminated magnetic cores having a height of 40 mm according to Example 7.
- amorphous alloy ribbons having the compositions and plate thicknesses shown in Table 1 were punched into annular products having an outer diameter of 60 mm and an inner diameter of 30 mm.
- the annular products obtained and annular electrical insulating materials having an outer diameter of 61 mm and an inner diameter of 29 mm were alternately laminated to form laminated magnetic cores having a height of 40 mm according to Comparative Example 7.
- the repetitive frequency is 1 kHz in Examples 1 and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3, and 0.2 kHz in Examples 4, 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 4, 5 and 6.
- the magnetic cores of Examples 2 and 7 and Comparative Examples 2 and 7 were used in KrF excimer laser systems having an equivalent circuit of FIG. 4 whereupon the temperature rise of magnetic cores were measured.
- six magnetic cores were used in L S2 to form a structure cooled by a fluorine-containing inert liquid.
- C 12 20 nF
- C 22 16 nF
- V 0 20 kV
- repetitive frequency 1 kHz.
- Table 1 The results are also shown in Table 1.
- the magnetic cores of the present invention wherein the width of the electrical insulating material is less than the width of magnetic material ribbons have small temperature rise of magnetic cores in use as compared with the prior magnetic cores wherein the width of the electrical insulating material is more than the width of the magnetic material ribbons. Even if the present magnetic cores are used as magnetic cores for high output pulse, they have an excellent cooling effect.
- magnetic cores were produced by varying the ratios of the width (W IN ) of the electrical insulating material and the width (W AM ) of the amorphous alloys (W IN /W AM ), and they were used in a KrF excimer laser system having an equivalent circuit of FIG. 3. In this case, the temperature rise of the magnetic cores was measured.
- the results wherein the amorphous alloys and the electrical insulating materials are the same as those of Example 1 are shown in FIG. 5 and the results wherein the amorphous alloys and the electrical insulating materials are the same as those of Example 5 are shown in FIG. 6.
- the magnetic cores wherein the ratio of the width (W IN ) of the electrical insulating material and the width (W AM ) of the amorphous alloys (W IN /W AM ) is 0.5 ⁇ W IN /W AM ⁇ 1 have a large cooling effect and a small temperature rise and therefore they are preferred.
- magnetic cores comprising the amorphous alloy ribbons having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m and the electrical insulating material having a thickness of 2 ⁇ m were used i.e., magnetic cores having a large ratio of the thickness of the magnetic material ribbon to the thickness of the electrical insulating material have a large influence of the difference in width of the materials on cooling characteristic as compared with FIG. 5 wherein magnetic cores comprising the amorphous alloy ribbons having a thickness of 16 ⁇ m and the electrical insulating material having a thickness of 6 ⁇ m were used. It can be understood from FIG.
- Example 3 In the amorphous alloys and the electrical insulating material used in Example 3, the distance C between the centerline of the amorphous alloys in a width direction and the centerline of the electrical insulating material in a width direction (see FIG. 7) was varied to prepare magnetic cores, and they were used in a KrF excimer laser system having an equivalent circuit of FIG. 3. In this case, the temperature rise of the magnetic cores was measured. The results are shown in FIG. 8.
- both edges of the electrical insulating material which do not project from the magnetic material ribbon are preferred from the standpoint of the contact area of the magnetic material ribbon to a coolant.
- the magnetic cores of the present invention exhibit small temperature rise of the magnetic cores in use and a large cooling effect and therefore they are effective for magnetic cores used in a large electric power such as magnetic cores for high output pulse.
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a magnetic core used in apparatuses such as pulse generators and transformers, and more particularly, to a magnetic core used in a large electric power such as a magnetic core for a high output pulse.
- Magnetic pulse compression circuits adapted for generating a pulse having a high output and a short pulse duration have been used in pulse power source apparatuses used in lasers and particle accelerators. The magnetic pulse compression circuits compress a current pulse duration utilizing a saturation characteristic of a saturable magnetic core when the charge of a capacitor is shifted to a capacitor of a next stage.
- An induction magnetic core of a linear accelerator essentially operates as a 1:1 transformer and accelerates a charged particle beam which passes through the central portion of the magnetic core by means of a voltage generated in a secondary gap.
- Heretofore, as these magnetic cores for high output pulse there have been used magnetic cores wherein magnetic material ribbons such as iron-base amorphous alloy ribbons or cobalt-base amorphous alloy ribbons having characteristics such as high saturation magnetic flux density, a high squareness ratio of a magnetization curve and a low core loss and electrical insulating materials composed of a polymeric film such as a polyester film or polyimide film are alternately wound.
- In such magnetic cores, an insulating property between magnetic material ribbons is important because the magnetic cores are used in high output pulse applications. Therefore in the prior art in order to ensure layer insulation between magnetic material ribbon edges, the electrical insulating materials and the magnetic material ribbons have been set so that the width of the electrical insulating materials is wider than the width of the magnetic material ribbons.
- However, we have now found that the following problems pose in the magnetic cores wherein the width of the electrical insulating materials is wider than the width of the magnetic material ribbons in order to ensure layer insulation between magnetic material ribbons as described above.
- That is, as shown in FIG. 2 which is a schematic view of a cross-section of the prior art magnetic core, the edges of an electrical
insulating material 2 projects from the edges of amagnetic material ribbon 1. Further, in general the electricalinsulating material 2 has a low heat conduction property and therefore the space between the projected portions of the electricalinsulating material 2 can be a thermal insulation layer 3. Accordingly, an effect of cooling on the heat generation of magnetic cores in use, in other words, the heat generation of magnetic material ribbons is reduced and thus the temperature of the magnetic cores can rise. In general, while the magnetic cores are cooled by coolant such as air, insulating oils, and fluorine-containing inert liquids, the temperature rise of the magnetic cores can result in the reduction of the magnetic flux of the magnetic cores and the acceleration of secular change of characteristics and there is inevitably occurred a problem that specific functions are not obtained. - From JP-A-1 290 746 (A) a soft magnetic alloy having high saturation magnetic flux density is known.
- From DE 40 02 999 A1 a lapped magnetic core consisting of a soft magnetic material and a heat resistance isolation layer is known.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the problems described above and provide a magnetic core having an excellent cooling characteristic.
- This object is solved as defined in
claim 1. - A magnetic core of the present invention is a magnetic core obtainable by laminating or winding a magnetic material ribbon and an electrical insulating material wherein it has the relationship of 0.5a ≤ b < a in which the width of said magnetic material ribbon is "a", and the width of said electrical insulating material is "b".
-
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the cross section of a magnetic core of the present invention;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the cross section of a magnetic core of the prior art;
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are circuit views showing an equivalent circuit of a KrF excimer laser system;
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are graphs showing the temperature rise of magnetic cores wherein the ratios (WIN/WAM) of the width (WIN) of electrical insulating materials to the width (WAM) of amorphous alloys are varied;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the disposition relationship between amorphous alloys and electrical insulating materials;
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance C shown in FIG. 7 and the temperature rise of magnetic cores.
- In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, magnetic alloy ribbons project by using the width of electrical
insulating materials 2 less than the width ofmagnetic material ribbons 1 and the contact area of themagnetic alloy ribbons 1 to a coolant is increased. A heat removal property of heat due to heat generation of magnetic cores in use, i.e., heat generation of the magnetic material ribbons is improved. - Accordingly, in order to improve contact area of magnetic material ribbon to coolant such as air, insulating oils, fluorine-containing inert liquids, the width "b" of an electrical insulating material must be less than the width "a" of a magnetic material ribbon. If the width is too narrow, the spacing between layers becomes narrow due to the deflection occurred when the thickness of the magnetic material ribbons is thin. When a high voltage is applied, a short-circuit is liable to be generated, and therefore the width "b" of the electrical insulating material is from 0.5 "a" to less than "a" for the width "a" of the magnetic material ribbon from the standpoint of short-circuit prevention. Preferably, the width "b" of the electrical insulating material is from 0.9 "a" to less than "a". More preferably, the width "b" of the electrical insulating material is from 0.95 "a" to less than "a". The larger the ratio of the thickness of the magnetic material ribbon to the thickness of the electrical insulating material, the larger an effect due to the difference in the widths of the magnetic material ribbon and electrical insulating material.
- Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, it is preferred that both edges in a width direction of the magnetic material ribbon 1 project from both edges in a width direction of the electrical
insulating material 2. - The widths of the magnetic material ribbons and the electrical insulating materials in the case of magnetic cores obtained by laminating the magnetic material ribbons and the electrical insulating materials are 1/2 of the difference in outer diameter and inner diameter of each material.
- Further, the reduction of layer insulation property in ribbon edges due to the fact that the width of the electrical insulating materials is less than the width of the magnetic alloy ribbon can be compensated by insulation property of coolant for magnetic cores such as air, insulating oils and fluorine-containing inert liquids present in ribbon edges. If necessary, an insulation property is further improved by increasing the thickness of the electrical insulating materials.
- The material from which the magnetic material ribbon of the present invention is produced are not particularly limited provided that the magnetic material and the electrical insulating material can be laminated or wound to form magnetic cores. Of these, iron-base amorphous alloys, cobalt-base amorphous alloys or iron-base magnetic alloys obtained by crystallizing an iron-base amorphous alloy and depositing fine grains have excellent magnetic characteristics and therefore they are preferred.
- Each magnetic material described above will be described in detail. First, iron-base amorphous alloys represented by the general formula:
have a high saturation magnetic flux density and therefore they are preferred. When X is Si or B, it is preferred that the amount of Si be from 7 to 14 at.%, and the amount of B be from 11 to 15 at.%. Of the iron-base amorphous alloys, iron-base amorphous alloys represented by the general formula:
are particularly preferred because high saturation magnetic flux density and high squareness ratio are obtained. In the iron-base amorphous alloys having the composition described above, magnetic characteristic can be improved by further adding not more than 5 at.% of elements such as Ti, Ta, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Mo, Nb and W. - Further, cobalt-base amorphous alloys represented by the general formula:
- Preferred are the iron-base magnetic alloys obtained by crystallizing an iron-base amorphous alloy and depositing fine grains, for example, Fe-base soft magnetic alloys having the composition represented by the following general formula:
- The amorphous alloy ribbons having the composition described above can be easily produced by applying, for example, methods such as a melt quenching method to alloys having a specific composition. Further, while the thickness of the magnetic material ribbon using these materials is not particularly limited, the thickness of the magnetic material ribbon is preferably, for example, from 3 to 40 µm and more preferably from 6 to 28 µm.
- On the other hand, while the materials from which the electrical insulating material is produced are not particularly limited, polyester films are inexpensive and therefore they are preferred. Polyimide films have excellent heat-resistance and a polyimide film/magnetic material ribbon assembly can be heat treated and therefore, for example, magnetic material ribbons and polyimide films can be alternately wound or laminated and thereafter heat treated. Therefore the polyimide films are preferred. While the thickness of the electrical insulating material is not particularly limited, it is preferred that the thickness of the electrical insulating material be from 1.5 to 50 µm from the standpoint of the insulation property. More preferably, the thickness of the electrical insulating material is from 1.5 to 30 µm.
- The magnetic core according to the present invention can be produced by the following process.
- That is, magnetic material ribbons and electrical insulating materials having a specific composition and shape are alternately wound in a conventional method. Alternatively, the punched product obtained by punching magnetic material ribbons having a specific composition into a specific shape in a conventional method and electrical insulating materials are alternately laminated. Heat treatment is optionally applied. The magnetic characteristics such as squareness ratio of the resulting magnetic cores can be improved by heat treating in a direct-current or alternating-current magnetic field. When the cobalt-base amorphous alloys are used as the magnetic material ribbons, the composition capable of realizing a relatively high squareness ratio after melt quenching is present and therefore they can be used without applying any heat treatment.
- Further, when the ribbons are heat treated in a direct-current or alternating-current magnetic field prior to the formation of magnetic cores, the squareness ratio of the resulting magnetic cores is improved as when a magnetic formed product is heat treated in a magnetic field. The size of the magnetic field is preferably of the order of 0.5 to 110 Oe and more preferably of the order of 5 to 20 Oe.
- Further, combinations of the magnetic material ribbons and the electrical insulating materials can be appropriately selected depending upon required characteristics. For example, in uses wherein electrical insulating property is required, two or more layers of the electrical insulating material are used. In uses wherein magnetic characteristic is particularly required, two or more layers of the magnetic material ribbon can be used.
- While the magnetic cores of the present invention are not limited provided that heat generation occurs in use in the magnetic cores wherein the magnetic material ribbons and the electrical insulating materials are alternately laminated or wound, they are particularly effective for magnetic cores used in a large electric power such as pulse generators and transformers used in lasers, particle accelerators and the like.
- Amorphous alloy ribbons and electrical insulating materials having the compositions and shapes shown in Table 1 were used and they were alternately wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 200 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm. The wound magnetic cores obtained were heat treated for 30 minutes at 420°C, and thereafter heat treated for 1 hour at a constant temperature of 200°C in a direct-current constant magnetic field of 1 Oe.
- Amorphous alloy ribbons and electrical insulating materials having the compositions and shapes shown in Table 1 were used and they were alternately wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 230 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm. The wound magnetic cores obtained were heat treated for 30 minutes at 420°C, and thereafter heat treated for 1 hour at a constant temperature of 200°C in a direct-current constant magnetic field of 1 Oe.
- Amorphous alloy ribbons having the compositions and shapes shown in Table 1 were alternately wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 200 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm. The wound magnetic cores obtained were heat treated for 2 hours at a constant temperature of 400°C in a direct-current constant magnetic field of 1 Oe.
- Only amorphous alloy ribbons having the compositions and shapes shown in Table 1 were alternately wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 180 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm. The amorphous alloy ribbons were heat treated for 2 hours at a constant temperature of 320°C in a direct-current constant magnetic field of 30 Oe. The amorphous alloy ribbons obtained and electrical insulating materials shown in Table 1 were used and they were alternately again wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 180 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm.
- Amorphous alloy ribbons and electrical insulating materials having the compositions and shapes shown in Table 1 were used and they were alternately wound to form wound magnetic cores having an outer diameter of 240 mm and an inner diameter of 100 mm. The wound magnetic cores obtained were heat treated for 1 hour at a constant temperature of 550°C in a direct-current constant magnetic field of 1 Oe to crystallize amorphous alloys to deposit fine grains.
- Amorphous alloy ribbons having the compositions and plate thicknesses shown in Table 1 were punched into annular products having an outer diameter of 60 mm and an inner diameter of 30 mm. The annular products obtained and annular electrical insulating materials having an outer diameter of 59.5 mm and an inner diameter of 30.5 mm were alternately laminated to form laminated magnetic cores having a height of 40 mm according to Example 7.
- In Comparative Example, amorphous alloy ribbons having the compositions and plate thicknesses shown in Table 1 were punched into annular products having an outer diameter of 60 mm and an inner diameter of 30 mm. The annular products obtained and annular electrical insulating materials having an outer diameter of 61 mm and an inner diameter of 29 mm were alternately laminated to form laminated magnetic cores having a height of 40 mm according to Comparative Example 7.
- The magnetic cores of Examples 1, 4-6 and Comparative Examples 2, 4-6 were used in KrF excimer laser systems having an equivalent circuit of FIG. 3 whereupon the temperature rise of magnetic cores were measured. In this case, five magnetic cores were used in LS1 to form an oil-cooled structure. C11 = 20 nF, C21 = 16 nF, C31 = 14 nF, and V0 = 30 kV. The repetitive frequency is 1 kHz in Examples 1 and 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3, and 0.2 kHz in Examples 4, 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 4, 5 and 6.
- The results are shown in Table 1.
- The magnetic cores of Examples 2 and 7 and Comparative Examples 2 and 7 were used in KrF excimer laser systems having an equivalent circuit of FIG. 4 whereupon the temperature rise of magnetic cores were measured. In this case, six magnetic cores were used in LS2 to form a structure cooled by a fluorine-containing inert liquid. C12 = 20 nF, C22 = 16 nF, V0 = 20 kV, and repetitive frequency = 1 kHz. The results are also shown in Table 1.
- As can be seen from Table 1 described hereinafter, the magnetic cores of the present invention wherein the width of the electrical insulating material is less than the width of magnetic material ribbons have small temperature rise of magnetic cores in use as compared with the prior magnetic cores wherein the width of the electrical insulating material is more than the width of the magnetic material ribbons. Even if the present magnetic cores are used as magnetic cores for high output pulse, they have an excellent cooling effect.
- Further, magnetic cores were produced by varying the ratios of the width (WIN) of the electrical insulating material and the width (WAM) of the amorphous alloys (WIN/WAM), and they were used in a KrF excimer laser system having an equivalent circuit of FIG. 3. In this case, the temperature rise of the magnetic cores was measured. The results wherein the amorphous alloys and the electrical insulating materials are the same as those of Example 1 are shown in FIG. 5 and the results wherein the amorphous alloys and the electrical insulating materials are the same as those of Example 5 are shown in FIG. 6.
- In this case, an oil-cooled structure was formed wherein 5 magnetic cores were in LS1. C11 = 20 nF, C21 = 16 nF, C31 = 14 nF, V0 = 30 kV and repetitive frequency = 1 kHz.
- As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, the magnetic cores wherein the ratio of the width (WIN) of the electrical insulating material and the width (WAM) of the amorphous alloys (WIN/WAM) is 0.5 ≤ WIN/WAM < 1 have a large cooling effect and a small temperature rise and therefore they are preferred. As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, FIG. 6 wherein magnetic cores comprising the amorphous alloy ribbons having a thickness of 15 µm and the electrical insulating material having a thickness of 2 µm were used i.e., magnetic cores having a large ratio of the thickness of the magnetic material ribbon to the thickness of the electrical insulating material have a large influence of the difference in width of the materials on cooling characteristic as compared with FIG. 5 wherein magnetic cores comprising the amorphous alloy ribbons having a thickness of 16 µm and the electrical insulating material having a thickness of 6 µm were used. It can be understood from FIG. 6 that, in the case of the magnetic cores having a large ratio of the thickness of the magnetic ribbons to the thickness of the electrical insulating material, the more approximate the width of the electrical insulating material is to the width of the magnetic material ribbon, the more excellent the cooling characteristic.
- The reason why the temperature rise of the magnetic cores is large at WIN/WAM < 0.5 is thought due to heat generation by short-circuit between the amorphous alloy ribbons. Heat generation at WIN/WAM ≥ 1 is thought due to the reduction of heat removal property by the electrical insulating material projecting from the amorphous alloy ribbons.
- In the amorphous alloys and the electrical insulating material used in Example 3, the distance C between the centerline of the amorphous alloys in a width direction and the centerline of the electrical insulating material in a width direction (see FIG. 7) was varied to prepare magnetic cores, and they were used in a KrF excimer laser system having an equivalent circuit of FIG. 3. In this case, the temperature rise of the magnetic cores was measured. The results are shown in FIG. 8.
- In Examples and Comparative Examples described above, the centerline of the magnetic material ribbon and the centerline of the electrical insulating material coincide with.
- In this case, an oil-cooled structure was formed wherein 5 magnetic cores were in LS1 of FIG. 3. C11 = 20 nF, C21 = 16 nF, C31 = 14 nF, V0 = 30 kV and repetitive frequency = 1 kHz.
- As can be seen from FIG. 8, when the one edges of the electrical insulating material in a width direction coincides with the one edges of the magnetic material ribbon in a width direction or projects therefrom, the temperature rise of the magnetic core is increased.
- Accordingly, both edges of the electrical insulating material which do not project from the magnetic material ribbon are preferred from the standpoint of the contact area of the magnetic material ribbon to a coolant.
-
Claims (13)
- A magnetic core, for high voltage applications, obtainable by laminating or winding a magnetic material ribbon (1) and an electrical insulating ribbon (2),
characterized in that- said magnetic core has the relationship of 0.5a ≤ b < a in which the width of said magnetic material ribbon (1) is "a", and the width of said electrical insulating ribbon (2) is "b", the thickness of said electrical insulating ribbon (2) being sized to withstand high voltages,- said electrical insulating ribbon (2) and said magnetic material ribbon (1) are disposed such that both edges in a width direction of the magnetic material ribbon (1) project from respective edges in a width direction of the electrical insulating ribbon (2), and wherein at least an edge of said magnetic material ribbon is capable of contacting a coolant. - The magnetic core according to claim 1,
wherein the relationship betwen the width "a" of said magnetic material ribbon and the width "b" of said electrical insulating ribbon has the relationship of 0.9 a ≤ b < a. - The magnetic core according to claim 1,
wherein the relationship between the width "a" of said magnetic material ribbon and the width "b" of said electrical insulating ribbon has the relationship of 0.95 a ≤ b < a. - The magnetic core according to claim 1,
wherein said magnetic material ribbon and said electrical insulating ribbon are disposed such that the centerline of the magnetic materialribbon and the centerline of said electrical insulating ribbon substantially coincide. - The magnetic core according to claim 6,
wherein said magnetic material ribbon is composed of an amorphous alloy in which at least 5 at.% of one or more elements selected from Ti, Ta, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Mo, Nb and W are further added to the amorphous alloy of claim 6. - The magnetic core according to claim 8,
wherein said magnetic material ribbon is composed of an amorphous alloy in which at least 5 at.% of one or more elements selected from Ti, Ta, V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Mo, Nb and W are further added to the amorphous alloy of claim 7. - The magnetic core according to claim 10,
wherein said magnetic material ribbon is composed of an Fe-base soft magnetic alloy represented by the following general formula: - The magnetic core according to claim 1,
wherein said magnetic core is used in a large electric power. - The magnetic core according to claim 11,
wherein said magnetic core is used in pulse generators. - The magnetic core according to claim 11,
wherein said magnetic core is used in transformers.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP256966/90 | 1990-09-28 | ||
JP25696690 | 1990-09-28 | ||
PCT/JP1991/001294 WO1992006480A1 (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1991-09-27 | Magnetic core |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0503081A1 EP0503081A1 (en) | 1992-09-16 |
EP0503081A4 EP0503081A4 (en) | 1993-07-28 |
EP0503081B1 true EP0503081B1 (en) | 1996-06-12 |
Family
ID=17299848
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91916787A Expired - Lifetime EP0503081B1 (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1991-09-27 | Magnetic core |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0503081B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3156850B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR970000872B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69120248T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992006480A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5868123A (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1999-02-09 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Magnetic core-coil assembly for spark ignition systems |
US7057489B2 (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 2006-06-06 | Metglas, Inc. | Segmented transformer core |
US7056595B2 (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2006-06-06 | Metglas, Inc. | Magnetic implement using magnetic metal ribbon coated with insulator |
EP3916743A1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-01 | ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG | Hybrid transformer core and method of manufacturing a transformer core |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2103523A1 (en) * | 1971-01-26 | 1972-08-17 | Pfister, Karl Ingolf, 3504 Kaufungen | Laminated core for dynamo-electrical equipment such as electrical machines, transformers or the like |
JPS5482027A (en) * | 1977-12-12 | 1979-06-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Divided magnetic core |
JPS58139408A (en) * | 1982-02-15 | 1983-08-18 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Wound iron core |
JPH01208822A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1989-08-22 | Toshiba Corp | Manufacture of wound core |
JP2823204B2 (en) | 1988-05-17 | 1998-11-11 | 株式会社東芝 | Soft magnetic alloy |
JP2778697B2 (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1998-07-23 | 株式会社東芝 | Fe-based soft magnetic alloy |
JPH0787133B2 (en) | 1989-02-02 | 1995-09-20 | 日立金属株式会社 | Wound magnetic core made of Fe-based microcrystalline soft magnetic alloy and method for manufacturing the same |
JPH03124008A (en) * | 1989-10-07 | 1991-05-27 | Tdk Corp | Coil device |
-
1991
- 1991-09-27 EP EP91916787A patent/EP0503081B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-27 WO PCT/JP1991/001294 patent/WO1992006480A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-09-27 KR KR1019920701209A patent/KR970000872B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-09-27 JP JP51529891A patent/JP3156850B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-27 DE DE69120248T patent/DE69120248T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1992006480A1 (en) | 1992-04-16 |
KR970000872B1 (en) | 1997-01-20 |
EP0503081A1 (en) | 1992-09-16 |
KR920702535A (en) | 1992-09-04 |
DE69120248T2 (en) | 1996-12-05 |
DE69120248D1 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
EP0503081A4 (en) | 1993-07-28 |
JP3156850B2 (en) | 2001-04-16 |
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