EP0501565A1 - Process for pressing, dehumidification and conditioning of soaked hides and continuously operating machine for execution of this process - Google Patents

Process for pressing, dehumidification and conditioning of soaked hides and continuously operating machine for execution of this process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0501565A1
EP0501565A1 EP92200463A EP92200463A EP0501565A1 EP 0501565 A1 EP0501565 A1 EP 0501565A1 EP 92200463 A EP92200463 A EP 92200463A EP 92200463 A EP92200463 A EP 92200463A EP 0501565 A1 EP0501565 A1 EP 0501565A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
machine
skin
felt
carpet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92200463A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Giampietro Verza
Luigi Boschetti
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Fbp Planning Srl
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Fbp Planning Srl
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0501565A1 publication Critical patent/EP0501565A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C14B1/30—Pressing or rolling leather
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C14B1/58—Drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F26B15/18—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by endless belts

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a process by which soggy skins which come out of barrels or of continuously operating machines suitable for tanning or dyeing, are dehumidified until the humidity is brought to an acceptable level suitable for allowing their passage subsequent to subsequent treatments.
  • tanned hides To be able to be subjected to subsequent treatments, tanned hides must be brought, using pressing operations, to a relative humidity of around 40 to 50% by weight, while dyed hides, to be susceptible to undergo subsequent treatments, must be brought to a homogeneous relative humidity, of the order of 15 to 20%, and this by means of pressing, dehumidification and conditioning operations.
  • the dehumidification operation is carried out in different ways.
  • one of the most commonly used processes consists in gripping the skins after pressing them, in spreading them manually using appropriate spatulas on heated panels, possibly under vacuum, until bringing said skins skins at a moisture level relative to the order of 25 to 30%, and to hang them on an aerial chain or inside hot air ovens, until obtaining the final relative humidity which allows, as far as one has realized homogeneity over the entire surface of the skin, moving on to subsequent treatments.
  • the skins should be rehumidified using appropriate tanks provided with water jets, these skins being thus left in a stacked state, until '' to obtain sufficient homogeneity.
  • the method according to the invention replaces this current series of operations with a single operation which makes it possible to drastically reduce the space occupied, the time, the manpower and the energy used, being further noted. that operators no longer come in contact with moisture, steam or heat.
  • the invention also relates to the machine for implementing the above-mentioned method, which machine will be described below according to various possible embodiments, all of which fall within the field of patent.
  • the drying machine comprises a first cold pressing operation with felt carpets and then with a canvas or equivalent carpet, which advances at a determined speed, at the same time as a flexible flexible steel carpet or an equivalent steel drum, itself heated and moving at the same speed as the carpet in you in order to transfer the skins which are introduced between the two carpets or between the carpet and the drum in order to bring them at the end of the drying operation until the subsequent treatment, the absorption of humidity being ensured by means of a series of felts or using a unique felt rug.
  • the series of felt mats or the equivalent equivalent felt ensures the compression among the rollers of the skins which advance between the two parallel mats or between the transfer mat and the cylinder, which promotes the transfer of the vapor and operates the progressive dehumidification of the skin.
  • an endless conveyor belt 1 preferably made of a synthetic material and set in motion by a motor 2 (fig. 2), by means of which the skin which is spread manually by the direction of the arrow 3 is pr the enlarged sequence automatically introduced between the pressing rollers 4, 5 and 6, 7 which constitute a device similar to that normally called a press.
  • the lower drums 5 and 7 can be rolled up cloth carpets of the multi-spiral type referenced 8 and 9 or among equivalent carpets, which are stretched and undergo a deflection on the drums 10 and 11.
  • the skin is supported on a canvas mat 12 which, as a result of its particular embodiment in the form of a net capable of bringing no damage or trace to the skin, even if it is pressed, present the characteristic of allowing the liquid medium, vapor or air to pass easily according to the different phases in which it is involved.
  • This mat is driven by the drum 13 itself rotated by the motor 14 (Fig. 2), so as to then pass over a drum 15 mounted mad which also acts as a guide and finally to reach the return drum 16 by passing over the carpet 8 which moves on the drum 5, so as to take the skin which comes from the carpet 1 until bringing it to the exit of the machine.
  • This skin therefore passes over the drum 17 above the steel belt 18 to the return drum 19 to return to the drive roller 13 at which the skin exits in the direction indicated by the arrow 20.
  • the pressing operation is carried out using a series of opposite drums.
  • the upper drums 4 may be covered with rubber in order to prevent any wrinkling or possible deformation of the skin, and they are rotated by the synthetic mat 22 which derives its movement from the drum 23 itself rotated by motor 24 (fig. 2).
  • this carpet in you or felt carpet lets pass instantly the liquid from the skin under the pressing effect and it is represented continuously in the optimal state to receive the next skin .
  • the skin will continue to move towards the dehumidification phase where there is a steel mat 18 mounted on drums 17 and 25, one of which receives its movement motor 27.
  • This carpet is heated using special heat sources, for example by infrared rays 28.
  • the drums 17 and 25 and a series of drums 21 exert a back pressure on a series of rubberized drums 29 which, in association with the return drums 30, drive the felt carpets 31.
  • the skin forced to pass between the steel mat 18 and the mat in you on the 12th being compressed between the different pressure and backpressure drums, will be subjected by the effect of heat to the thermal jump necessary to transform moisture into vapor present in said skin; which humidity, thus compressed, will increase considerably in volume and will be forced to migrate outside the skin, passing through the fabric 12 stretched upwards to be finally absorbed by the felts 31.
  • the skin still held between the canvas carpet 12 and the steel carpet 18, these two being supported by the drum 17, passes into the upper part of the machine for the conditioning phase.
  • a series of drums 35 ensures the inversion of the skin on itself until it penetrates between the cloth carpet 12 in the return phase and the carpet in the form of a net or thread 37 which advances madly, the latter having the function of accompanying the skin until it leaves its machine.
  • the skin is conditioned by the introduction of hot and dry air from the closed circuit installation 38 (fig. 3), which is equipped with a heat pump and a condenser of the type usual.
  • the air is suitably distributed using a series of ducts 39.
  • the machine In its part intended for dehumidification and conditioning, the machine is protected by athermic panels 40, in order to minimize the dispersion of the heat used.
  • the conditioning of the felt is obtained by introduction of hot air coming from radiant elements and being distributed on the felt by a series of guide panels 47.
  • the cloth carpet 48 which starts from the drum 49, arrives at the driving drum 44 and then pass through the drum 50 to the drum 51, these last two drums acting as a reference and one of them also ensuring the guiding of the belts with a view to their return to the drum 49, or else can return after having deposited the skin on drum 42.
  • the skin will come out at the level of the drum 44 and in the event of adhesion to the steel mat 52, provision is made for the intervention of a detachment device 53 of a type known per se.
  • the remaining part of the machine can be produced as in the previous example which has been illustrated in FIG. 1, 2 and 3.
  • the pressing and dehumidification operation can therefore be supplemented by that of packaging, by making the upper part of the steel mat as illustrated in FIG. 1 to 4.
  • the cloth carpet 57 which arrives from the drum 58 passing over the drum 59 is wound up on the roller 54 to then pass over the idler rollers 60 and 61, one of these acting as a guide for the carpet, by completing in this way the path of the latter which is represented on the drum 58.
  • the belt 57 is driven by the cylinder 58 and by counter rollers opposite pressure 62 and 63.
  • a felt mat 65 passing over the drum 66, is wound on the cylinder 64, while the motorized pressure drums 67 advance the pea, providing on the same the necessary pressure.
  • the felt carpet 65 is conditioned continuously by means of the admission of hot air coming from radiant elements 70, as also visible in FIG. 6.
  • the mat 72 set in motion by the motor 73, will take the skin which comes out in the direction indicated by the arrow 74 in order to bring it to subsequent treatments.
  • the process can therefore be considered similar to that which has been previously described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

According to the process, the soaked hides to be dried are moved between two endless belts made of felt (8, 9) and felt (2) in the pressing operation and of felt (31) and of steel (18) in the dehumidification operation, with optional interposition of a transfer cloth (12) and with compression drums (4, 5, 6, 7, 21, 29); radiant elements (28) are arranged between two adjacent drums (21, 29) in the dehumidification region, the speed of travel of the belts being adjusted as a function of the temperature of the abovementioned radiant elements (28), of the thickness of the hides to be treated and of the desired final degree of humidity. The patent also refers to the machine which is suitable for implementing this process, which machine is described in the patent according to a number of alternative optional forms of embodiment. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un procedé grâce auquel les peaux détrempées qui sortent de barils ou de machines à fonctionnement continu propres à opérer leur tannage ou leur teinture, sont déshumidifiées jusqu'à amener l'humidité à un taux acceptable propre à permettre leur passage ultérieur aux traitements subséquents.The subject of the present invention is a process by which soggy skins which come out of barrels or of continuously operating machines suitable for tanning or dyeing, are dehumidified until the humidity is brought to an acceptable level suitable for allowing their passage subsequent to subsequent treatments.

On sait qu'à leur sortie des barils ou machines à fonctionnement continu pour le tannage ou la teinture, les peaux se présentent à l'état complétement détrempé avec une humidité relative de l'ordre de 100%.It is known that on leaving barrels or machines with continuous operation for tanning or dyeing, the skins are in a completely soggy state with a relative humidity of the order of 100%.

Pour pouvoir être soumises aux traitements subséquents, les peaux tannées doivent être amenées, à l'aide d'opérations de pressage, jusqu'à une humidité relative d'environ 40 à 50% en poids, tandis que les peaux teintes, pour être susceptibles de subir les traitements ultérieurs, doivent être ramenées à une humidité relative homogène, de l'ordre de 15 à 20%, et ce au moyen d'opérations de pressage, de déshumidification et de conditionnement.To be able to be subjected to subsequent treatments, tanned hides must be brought, using pressing operations, to a relative humidity of around 40 to 50% by weight, while dyed hides, to be susceptible to undergo subsequent treatments, must be brought to a homogeneous relative humidity, of the order of 15 to 20%, and this by means of pressing, dehumidification and conditioning operations.

Dans l'état actuel de la technique, l'opération de pressage des peaux est obtenue en faisant passer celles-ci de manière continue entre des tapis transporteurs en feutre, de type en soi connu.In the current state of the art, the pressing operation of the skins is obtained by passing them continuously between conveyor belts of felt, of a type known per se.

Actuellement, l'opération de déhumidification est effectuée de différentes manières. A titre d'exemple, l'un des processus le plus couramment en usage consiste à saisir les peaux après leur pressage, à les étendre manuellement à l'aide de spatules appropriées sur des panneaux chauffés , éventuellement sous vide, jusqu'à amener lesdites peaux à un degré d'humidité relative de l'ordre de 25 à 30%, et à les suspendre à une chaîne aèrienne ou à l'intérieur d'étuves à air chaud, jusqu'à obtenir l'humidité relative finale qui permet, pour autant qu'on ait réalisé une homogénéité sur toute la surface de la peau, de passer aux traitements ultérieurs. S'il s'avère que l'humidité relative n'est pas homogéne, il ya lieu de réhumidifier les peaux à l'aide de cuves appropriées pourvues de jets d'eau, ces peaux étant ainsi laissées à l'état empilé, jusqu'à obtenir une homogénéité suffisante.Currently, the dehumidification operation is carried out in different ways. By way of example, one of the most commonly used processes consists in gripping the skins after pressing them, in spreading them manually using appropriate spatulas on heated panels, possibly under vacuum, until bringing said skins skins at a moisture level relative to the order of 25 to 30%, and to hang them on an aerial chain or inside hot air ovens, until obtaining the final relative humidity which allows, as far as one has realized homogeneity over the entire surface of the skin, moving on to subsequent treatments. If it turns out that the relative humidity is not homogeneous, the skins should be rehumidified using appropriate tanks provided with water jets, these skins being thus left in a stacked state, until '' to obtain sufficient homogeneity.

On conçoit sans peine que les nombreaux passages et déplacements que la peau doit subir actuellement au cours de cette série d'opératios, implique une dépense considérable de temps, d'énergie et de main d'oeuvre; les ouvriers sont contraints de travailler dans une atmosphère humide en présence de vapeurs insalubres, engendrées par les plateaux chauffants ou sous vide, la chaleur dégagée par ceux-ci venant au contact direct des opérateurs.It is easy to see that the numerous passages and displacements that the skin must currently undergo during this series of operations, involves a considerable expenditure of time, energy and manpower; workers are forced to work in a humid atmosphere in the presence of unhealthy vapors, generated by the heating plates or under vacuum, the heat given off by these coming into direct contact with operators.

Le procédé suivant l'invention substitue à cette série d'opérations actuelle une opération unique qui permet de reduire d'une façon drastique, l'espace occupé, le temps, la main d'oeuvre et l'énergie employée, étant en outre noté que les opérateurs ne viennet plus au contact de l'umidité, de la vapeur ou de la chaleur.The method according to the invention replaces this current series of operations with a single operation which makes it possible to drastically reduce the space occupied, the time, the manpower and the energy used, being further noted. that operators no longer come in contact with moisture, steam or heat.

L'invention vise également la machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé sus-indiqué, laquelle machine sera décrite ci-après suivant différentes formes de réalisation éventuelles, qui toutes rentrent dans le domaine du brévêt.The invention also relates to the machine for implementing the above-mentioned method, which machine will be described below according to various possible embodiments, all of which fall within the field of patent.

Dans toutes ces formes de réalisation, la machine de séchage comprend une première operation de pressage à froid avec des tapis en feutre et en suite avec un tapis en toile ou équivalent, qui avance à une vitesse déterminée, en même temps qu'un tapis en acier flexible chauffé ou un tambour en acier équivalent, lui-même chauffé et se déplaçant à la même vitesse que le tapis en toi le afin de transférer les peaux qui sont introduites entre les deux tapis ou entre le tapis et le tambour en vue de les amener à la fin de l'opération de séchage jusqu'au traitement subséquent, l'absorption de l'humidité étant assurée moyennant une série de feutres ou à l'aide d'un tapis unique en feutre.In all these embodiments, the drying machine comprises a first cold pressing operation with felt carpets and then with a canvas or equivalent carpet, which advances at a determined speed, at the same time as a flexible flexible steel carpet or an equivalent steel drum, itself heated and moving at the same speed as the carpet in you in order to transfer the skins which are introduced between the two carpets or between the carpet and the drum in order to bring them at the end of the drying operation until the subsequent treatment, the absorption of humidity being ensured by means of a series of felts or using a unique felt rug.

On comprend que la série de tapis en feutre ou le feutre unique équivalent assure la compression parmi des rouleaux des peaux qui avancent entre les deux tapis parallèles ou entre le tapis de transfert et le cylindre, ce qui favorise le transfert de la vapeur et opère la déshumidification progressive de la peau.It is understood that the series of felt mats or the equivalent equivalent felt ensures the compression among the rollers of the skins which advance between the two parallel mats or between the transfer mat and the cylinder, which promotes the transfer of the vapor and operates the progressive dehumidification of the skin.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, on associe à la série de tapis en feutre ou au feutre unique dans la zone de déshumidification, des éléments radiants qui éliminent l'umidité dégagée au cours de l'opération de séchage entre les tapis en feutre ou le tapis unique, cette élimination intervenant avant que les tapis ou le tapis reviennent au contact des peaux à sécher.According to another characteristic of the invention, there are associated with the series of felt carpets or with the single felt in the dehumidification zone, radiant elements which eliminate the moisture released during the drying operation between the felt carpets. or the single carpet, this elimination occurring before the carpets or the carpet come back into contact with the skins to be dried.

La machine va maintenant être décrite de manière plus détaillés dans chacune de ses formes particulières de réalisation structurelle; ces formes de réalisation ayant été décrites ci-après à titre d'exemple non limitatif.The machine will now be described in more detail in each of its particular structural embodiments; these embodiments having been described below by way of nonlimiting example.

Sur les dessins:In the drawings:

  • la fig. 1 (planche I) est une vue de côté montrant une première forme de réalisation de la machine suivant l'invention, avec une première partie constituée par des rouleaux de pression qui remplacent la presse usuelle de type connu.fig. 1 (plate I) is a side view showing a first embodiment of the machine according to the invention, with a first part constituted by pressure rollers which replace the usual press of known type.
  • La fig 2 (planche II) est une vue en plan schématique de l'ensemble suivant la fig. 1.FIG 2 (plate II) is a schematic plan view of the assembly according to FIG. 1.
  • La fig. 3 (planche III) est une vue en élévation.Fig. 3 (plate III) is an elevation view.
  • La fig. 4 (panche IV) illustre en vue de côté une seconde forme de réalisation de la machine suivant l'invention.Fig. 4 (section IV) illustrates a side view of a second embodiment of the machine according to the invention.
  • La fig. 5 (panche V) est une vue de côté d'une autre variante dans laquelle lespeaux détrempées à sécher se déplacent suivant un trajet circulaire.Fig. 5 (panel V) is a side view of another variant in which the soggy skins to be dried move in a circular path.
  • La fig. 6 (planche VI) est une vue en plan schématique de cette troisième forme de réalisation constructive de la machine suivant l'invention.Fig. 6 (plate VI) is a schematic plan view of this third constructive embodiment of the machine according to the invention.
Description particuliere de la machineSpecial description of the machine

Dans le premier exemple de réalisation de la machine telle qu'illustrée en fig. 1 à 3, il est prévu un tapis transporteur sans fin 1 préférablement établi en une matière synthétique et mis en mouvement par un moteur 2 (fig. 2), grâce auquel la peau qui est étalée manuellement dans le sens de la flèche 3 est pr la suite élargie et automatiquement introduite entre les rouleaux de pressage 4, 5 et 6, 7 qui constituent un dispositif analogue à celui normalement dénommé presse.In the first embodiment of the machine as illustrated in FIG. 1 to 3, there is provided an endless conveyor belt 1 preferably made of a synthetic material and set in motion by a motor 2 (fig. 2), by means of which the skin which is spread manually by the direction of the arrow 3 is pr the enlarged sequence automatically introduced between the pressing rollers 4, 5 and 6, 7 which constitute a device similar to that normally called a press.

De manière avantageuse, sur les tambours inférieurs 5 et 7 peuvent être enroulés des tapis en toile du type multispirale référencés 8 et 9 ou parmi des tapis equivalents, qui sont tendus et subissent un renvoi sur les tambours 10 et 11.Advantageously, on the lower drums 5 and 7 can be rolled up cloth carpets of the multi-spiral type referenced 8 and 9 or among equivalent carpets, which are stretched and undergo a deflection on the drums 10 and 11.

Au cours de son avance, la peau prend appui sur un tapis en toile 12 qui, par suite de sa réalisation particulière en forme de filet propre à n'apporter aucun dommage ou trace à la peau, même si celle-ci est pressée, présente la caracteristique de laisser passer facilement le milieu liquide, la vapeur ou l'air en fonction des différentes phases dans lesquelles il est impliqué.During its advance, the skin is supported on a canvas mat 12 which, as a result of its particular embodiment in the form of a net capable of bringing no damage or trace to the skin, even if it is pressed, present the characteristic of allowing the liquid medium, vapor or air to pass easily according to the different phases in which it is involved.

Ce tapis est entraîné par le tambour 13 lui-même mis en rotation par le moteur 14 (fig. 2), de façon à passer ensuite sur un tambour 15 monté fou qui fait également fonction de guide et pour arriver finalement au tambour de renvoi 16 en passant par dessus le tapis 8 qui se déplace sur le tambour 5, de façon à prendre la peau qui provient du tapis 1 jusqu'à l'amener à la sortie de la machine. Cette peau passe en consequence sur le tambour 17 au-dessus du tapis en acier 18 jusqu'au tambour de renvoi 19 pour revenir au rouleau moteur 13 au niveau duquel la peau sort suivant le sens indiqué par la flèche 20.This mat is driven by the drum 13 itself rotated by the motor 14 (Fig. 2), so as to then pass over a drum 15 mounted mad which also acts as a guide and finally to reach the return drum 16 by passing over the carpet 8 which moves on the drum 5, so as to take the skin which comes from the carpet 1 until bringing it to the exit of the machine. This skin therefore passes over the drum 17 above the steel belt 18 to the return drum 19 to return to the drive roller 13 at which the skin exits in the direction indicated by the arrow 20.

L'operation de pressage, prévue réglable, est effectuée à l'aide d'une série de tambours opposés.The pressing operation, provided adjustable, is carried out using a series of opposite drums.

Les tambours supérieurs 4 peuvent être recouverts de caoutchouc en vue d'obvier à des plissage ou déformations éventuelles de la peau, et ils sont mis en rotation par le tapis en matière synthétique 22 qui tire son mouvement du tambour 23 lui-même mis en rotation par le moteur 24 (fig. 2).The upper drums 4 may be covered with rubber in order to prevent any wrinkling or possible deformation of the skin, and they are rotated by the synthetic mat 22 which derives its movement from the drum 23 itself rotated by motor 24 (fig. 2).

Les rouleaux inférieurs 5 prévus fous, combinés avec les tambours de renvoi 10, supportent les tapis en toile multispirale ou tapis en feutres 8 et 9.The idle lower rollers 5, combined with the return drums 10, support the multi-spiral canvas carpets or felt carpets 8 and 9.

Par suite de sa conformation particulière spiralée, ce tapis en toi le ou tapis en feutre laisse passer de manière instantanée le liquide provenant de la peau sous l'effet de pressage et il se représente demanière continue en l'état optimal pour recevoir la peau suivante.Due to its particular spiral conformation, this carpet in you or felt carpet lets pass instantly the liquid from the skin under the pressing effect and it is represented continuously in the optimal state to receive the next skin .

Au cours de cette première phase de pressage, on peut obtenir une extraction maximale du liquide de la peau, moyennant une pression minime exercée sur les tambours 5-7 du fait que par suite de leur conformation, le tapis en toi le 12 et les tapis spiralés ou en feutre 8 et 9 se rélèvent particulièrement aptes à favoriser le passage du liquide provenant de la peau et son élimination immédiate par gravité, de sorte que le liquide se déplacera vers l'écoulement 26.During this first pressing phase, we can obtain a maximum extraction of the liquid from the skin, with minimal pressure exerted on the drums 5-7 because of their conformation, the carpet in you the 12th and the carpets spiral or felt 8 and 9 are particularly suitable for promoting the passage of liquid from the skin and its immediate elimination by gravity, so that the liquid will move towards the flow 26.

Toujours soutenue et transportée par le tapis en toile 12, la peau va poursuivre son déplacement en direction de la phase de déshumidication où on trouve un tapis en acier 18 monté sur des tambours 17 et 25, l'un de ceux-ci recevant son mouvement du moteur 27.Still supported and transported by the canvas mat 12, the skin will continue to move towards the dehumidification phase where there is a steel mat 18 mounted on drums 17 and 25, one of which receives its movement motor 27.

Ce tapis est chauffé à l'aide de sources de chaleur spéciales par exemple par des rayons infra-rouge 28. Les tambours 17 et 25 et une série de tambours 21 exercent une contre-pression sur une série de tambours caoutchoutés 29 qui, en association avec les tambours de renvoi 30, entraînent les tapis en feutre 31.This carpet is heated using special heat sources, for example by infrared rays 28. The drums 17 and 25 and a series of drums 21 exert a back pressure on a series of rubberized drums 29 which, in association with the return drums 30, drive the felt carpets 31.

A ce moment, la peau, obligée de passer entre le tapis en acier 18 et le tapis en toi le 12 en étant comprimée entre les différents tambours de pression et de contre-pression, sera soumise par l'effet de la chaleur au saut thermique nécessaire à la transformation en vapeur de l'humidité présente dans ladite peau; laquelle humidité, ainsi comprimée, augmentera considérablement de volume et sera obligée d'émigrer en dehors de la peau, en passant à travers la toile 12 tendue vers le haut pour être finalement absorbée par les feutres 31.At this time, the skin, forced to pass between the steel mat 18 and the mat in you on the 12th being compressed between the different pressure and backpressure drums, will be subjected by the effect of heat to the thermal jump necessary to transform moisture into vapor present in said skin; which humidity, thus compressed, will increase considerably in volume and will be forced to migrate outside the skin, passing through the fabric 12 stretched upwards to be finally absorbed by the felts 31.

Au cours de chaque opération de pressage, on obtient ainsi une partie relative d'humidité sous forme de vapeur, laquelle est absorbée par les feutres correspondants; ces derniers sont re-conditionnés de manière continue, par émission d'eau chaude provenant d'un serie d'éléments radiants 32 (fig. 3), cette eau chaude étant distribuée sur les feutres par une serie de conduits 33, si bien que lesdits feutres sont toujours aptes à se présenter dans des conditions optimales pour l'absorption.During each pressing operation, a relative portion of humidity is thus obtained in the form of vapor, which is absorbed by the corresponding felts; the latter are continuously repackaged, by emission of hot water from a series of radiant elements 32 (FIG. 3), this hot water being distributed over the felts by a series of conduits 33, so that said felts are always able to present themselves under optimal conditions for absorption.

Ensuite, la peau, toujours maintenue entre le tapis en toile 12 et le tapis en acier 18, ces deux étant supportés par le tambour 17, passe dans la partie supérieure de la machine pour la phase de conditionnement.Then, the skin, still held between the canvas carpet 12 and the steel carpet 18, these two being supported by the drum 17, passes into the upper part of the machine for the conditioning phase.

Dans le parcours compris entre le tambour 17 e le tambour 25, la peau est maintenue en adhérence par des rouleaux fous de soutien 34 et par des contre-rouleux opposée 36 à garniture de caoutchous, ces derniers assurant également le support du tapis 12 et de la peau dans le trajet de retour.In the path between the drum 17 and the drum 25, the skin is held in adhesion by idle support rollers 34 and by opposite counter rollers 36 with rubber lining, the latter also providing support for the mat 12 and the skin in the return journey.

On observera que ce double trajet peut être repété plus d'une seule fois.It will be observed that this double path can be repeated more than once.

Une série de tambours 35, formée par des disques chevauchants, assure le retournement de la peau sur elle-même jusqu'à la faire pénétrer entre le tapis en toile 12 en phase de retour et le tapis en forme de filet ou de fils 37 qui avance de manière folle, celui-ci ayant pour fonction d'accompagner la peau jusqu'à sa sortie de sa machine. Au cours de ce double trajet, la peau est conditionnée par introduction d'air chaud et sec provenant de l'installation à circuit fermé 38 (fig. 3), laquelle est équipée d'une pompe à chaleur et d'un condenseur du type usuel.A series of drums 35, formed by overlapping disks, ensures the inversion of the skin on itself until it penetrates between the cloth carpet 12 in the return phase and the carpet in the form of a net or thread 37 which advances madly, the latter having the function of accompanying the skin until it leaves its machine. During this double path, the skin is conditioned by the introduction of hot and dry air from the closed circuit installation 38 (fig. 3), which is equipped with a heat pump and a condenser of the type usual.

Le long de ce trajet, l'air est convenablement distribué à l'aide d'une série de conduits 39.Along this path, the air is suitably distributed using a series of ducts 39.

Dans sa partie destinée à la déshumidification et au conditionnement, la machine est protégée par des panneaux athermiques 40, afin de réduire au minimum la dispersion de la chaleur employée.In its part intended for dehumidification and conditioning, the machine is protected by athermic panels 40, in order to minimize the dispersion of the heat used.

Suivant une première variante de la machine suivant l'invention telle qu'illustré en fig. 4, au lieu de la série des feutres 31 illustrés en fig. 1, on a recours à un tapis en feutre unique 41, qui, partant du tambour 42, arrive au tambour 43 qui est entraîné par l'intermédiaire d'une transmission à chaîne par le tambour 44 qui, partant du tambour 42 arrive au tambour 43, lequel est entraîné à travers une transmission à chaîne, par le tambour 44 de façon à passer ensuite sur le tambour 45 et gagner le tambour 46, ces deux tambours faisant office de renvoi et l'un de ceux-ci servant également de guide pour le feutre en retournant ainsi jusqu'au tambour 42.According to a first variant of the machine according to the invention as illustrated in FIG. 4, instead of the series of felts 31 illustrated in FIG. 1, use is made of a single felt mat 41, which, starting from the drum 42, arrives at the drum 43 which is driven via a chain transmission by the drum 44 which, starting from the drum 42 arrives at the drum 43, which is driven through a chain transmission, by the drum 44 so as to then pass over the drum 45 and reach the drum 46, these two drums acting as a reference and one of these also serving as a guide for the felt, thus returning to the drum 42.

Le conditionnement du feutre est obtenu par introduction d'air chaud provenant d'éléments radiants et étant distribué sur le feutre par une série de panneaux de guidage 47. Le tapis en toile 48, qui part du tambour 49, arrive au tambour moteur 44 pour ensuite passer par le tambour 50 jusqu'au tambour 51, ces deux derniers tambours faisant office de renvoi et l'un deux assurant également le guidage des tapis en vue de leur retourn au tambour 49, ou bien peut revenir apres avoir deposé la peau sur le tambour 42.The conditioning of the felt is obtained by introduction of hot air coming from radiant elements and being distributed on the felt by a series of guide panels 47. The cloth carpet 48, which starts from the drum 49, arrives at the driving drum 44 and then pass through the drum 50 to the drum 51, these last two drums acting as a reference and one of them also ensuring the guiding of the belts with a view to their return to the drum 49, or else can return after having deposited the skin on drum 42.

La peau sortira au niveau du tambour 44 et en cas d'adhérence sur le tapis en acier 52 il est prévu l'intervention d'un dispositif de détachement 53 de type en soi connu. La partie restante de la machine peut être réalisée comme dans l'exemple précedent qui a été illustré en fig. 1, 2 et 3.The skin will come out at the level of the drum 44 and in the event of adhesion to the steel mat 52, provision is made for the intervention of a detachment device 53 of a type known per se. The remaining part of the machine can be produced as in the previous example which has been illustrated in FIG. 1, 2 and 3.

L'opération de pressage et de déshumidification peut en conséquence être complétée de celle de conditionnement, en réalisant la partie supérieure du tapis en acier à la manière illustrée en fig. 1 à 4.The pressing and dehumidification operation can therefore be supplemented by that of packaging, by making the upper part of the steel mat as illustrated in FIG. 1 to 4.

Dans la variante de la machine qui a été illustrée en fig. 5 et 6, il est prévu en remplacement du tapis 18 en acier monté sur les tambours 17 et 25 et chauffé par des sources de chaleur à rayons infra-rouge 28 comme illustré en fig. 1, un cylindre en acier 64 chauffé intérieurement, par exemple par le moyen d'un liquide chaud renfermé dans la chambre intercalaire 55, ce cylindre 64 étant mis eventuellement en mouvement par le moteur 56 (fig. 6).In the variant of the machine which has been illustrated in FIG. 5 and 6, it is provided to replace the steel belt 18 mounted on the drums 17 and 25 and heated by heat sources with infrared rays 28 as illustrated in FIG. 1, a steel cylinder 64 internally heated, for example by means of a hot liquid contained in the intermediate chamber 55, this cylinder 64 possibly being set in motion by the motor 56 (fig. 6).

Comme visible en fig. 5 le tapis en toile 57 qui arrive du tambour 58 en passant sur le tambour 59 s'enroule sur le ruleau 54 pour passer ensuite sur les rouleaux de renvoi 60 et 61, l'un de ces derniers faisant office de guide pour le tapis, en complétant de la sorte le trajet de celui-ci qui se représente sur le tambour 58.As shown in fig. 5 the cloth carpet 57 which arrives from the drum 58 passing over the drum 59 is wound up on the roller 54 to then pass over the idler rollers 60 and 61, one of these acting as a guide for the carpet, by completing in this way the path of the latter which is represented on the drum 58.

Le tapis 57 est entraîné par le cylindre 58 et par des contre-rouleaux de pression opposés 62 et 63.The belt 57 is driven by the cylinder 58 and by counter rollers opposite pressure 62 and 63.

Autour du cylindre 64 un tapis en feutre 65, en passant sur le tambour 66, s'enroule sur le cylindre 64, tandis que les tambours presseurs 67, motorisés font avancer la pois, en fournissant sur la même la pressione necessaire. Le tapis en feutre 65 est conditionné en continu moyennant l'immission d'air chaude provenant d'element radiants 70, comme visible aussi en fig. 6.Around the cylinder 64 a felt mat 65, passing over the drum 66, is wound on the cylinder 64, while the motorized pressure drums 67 advance the pea, providing on the same the necessary pressure. The felt carpet 65 is conditioned continuously by means of the admission of hot air coming from radiant elements 70, as also visible in FIG. 6.

Le tapis 72, mis en mouvement par le moteur 73, va prélever le peau qui sort suivant le sens indiqué par la flèche 74 afin de l'amener aux traitements subséquents. Le processus peut en conséquence être consideré comme similaire à celui qui a été précedemment décrit.The mat 72, set in motion by the motor 73, will take the skin which comes out in the direction indicated by the arrow 74 in order to bring it to subsequent treatments. The process can therefore be considered similar to that which has been previously described.

Dans la description qui précède, on a dans chaque cas seulement indiqué les opérations de pressage et de déshumidification. Le procedé peut être complété par l'opération de conditionnement des peaux, en prévoyant un tunnel additionnel à la manière qui a déjà été décrite dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré à la fig. 1.In the foregoing description, in each case only the pressing and dehumidification operations have been indicated. The process can be completed by the skin conditioning operation, by providing an additional tunnel in the manner which has already been described in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1.

Avantages de l'inventionAdvantages of the invention

Parmi les avantages présentés par le procédé suivant l' invention et la machine pour la mise en oeuvre de celui-ci, on peut citer les suivants:

  • 1 - Il n'est plus nécessaire d'effectuer des opérations manuelles sur des panneaux chauds ou mis sous vide, ce opérations étant très dangereuses et insalubres pour les ouvriers ainsi que pour l'ambiance elle-même du fait que la vapeur reste à l'état libre dans l'air.
  • 2 - L'énergie employée avec le procédé suivant l'invention est réduite d'environ 30 à 40% par rapport aux méthodes en usage à l'heure actuelle.
  • 3 - La réduction du déplacement des peaux comporte des avantages évidents quant a l'espace occupé et quant à la main d'oeuvre employée; cette main d'oeuvre peut être réduite jusqu'à 70% par rapport au procédé actuellement en usage.
  • 4 - Le présent procédé est encore avantageux en ce qui concerne la qualité finale des peaux, et ce aussi bien en ce qui concerne les caractéristiques techniques (la fleur reste plus compacte avec la chair, de sorte que la peau est beaucoup moins soufflée) que l'expansion de la peau (mesurée en pieds²) du fait qu'au cours de tout le processus, la peau reste contrainte et étendue, si bien qu'elle n'est pas soumise à des retraits dûs au séchage comme cela se passe lorsque la peau reste libre.
Among the advantages presented by the process according to the invention and the machine for implementing it, the following may be mentioned:
  • 1 - It is no longer necessary to carry out manual operations on hot or vacuum panels, this operation being very dangerous and unhealthy for the workers as well as for the atmosphere itself because the steam remains at free state in the air.
  • 2 - The energy used with the process according to the invention is reduced by approximately 30 to 40% compared to the methods in use at present.
  • 3 - Reducing the movement of skins has obvious advantages in terms of space occupied and the workforce employed; this labor can be reduced by up to 70% compared to the process currently in use.
  • 4 - The present process is still advantageous as regards the final quality of the skins, and this as well as regards the technical characteristics (the flower remains more compact with the flesh, so that the skin is much less blown) than the expansion of the skin (measured in feet²) due to the fact that during the whole process, the skin remains constrained and extended, so that it is not subjected to shrinkage due to drying as happens when the skin remains free.

Claims (8)

Procédé pour presser, déshumidifier et conditionner des peaux détrempées, en vue de réduire l'humidité jusqu'à un niveau acceptable pour leur passage aux opérations subséquentes, caractérisé en ce que dans une machine opératrice unique, les peaux détrempées transportées par un tapis en toile qui les accompagne tout au long de leur parcours, sont amenées à passer dans un premier dispositif de pressage comprenant une ou plusieurs séries de tambours opposés en pression, pour passer ensuite à une phase de déshumidification au niveau de laquelle est prévu un tapis ou un cylindre en acier convenablement chauffé qui agit en opposition avec une série de feutres tournants ou avec un feutre tournant unique, pour arriver finalement à la phase de conditionnement comprenant l'introduction d'air chaud et sec dans l'ambiance dans laquelle se déplace la peau.Method for pressing, dehumidifying and conditioning soggy skins, with a view to reducing humidity to an acceptable level for their passage to subsequent operations, characterized in that in a single operating machine, the soggy skins transported by a canvas mat which accompanies them throughout their journey, are brought to pass through a first pressing device comprising one or more series of opposing drums under pressure, to then pass to a dehumidification phase at the level of which a carpet or a cylinder is provided. in suitably heated steel which acts in opposition with a series of rotating felts or with a single rotating felt, to finally arrive at the conditioning phase comprising the introduction of hot and dry air into the atmosphere in which the skin moves. Machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un tapis transporteur (12) en toile qui opère en combination avec des tapis multispirales (8), ce tapis en toile (12) servant pour le transport et la protection de la peau du fait qu'il ne laisse aucune trace sur celle-ci même sous pression, tandis qu'en même temps il laisse facilement émigrer le liquide qui sort de ladite peau, les tapis multispirales agissant tout d'abord comme réservoir, jusqu'à prendre appui contre des rouleaux de pression (5), puis à la manière de catalyseurs dès qu'ils assument une autre position, en perdant de manière instantanée tou le liquide pour revenir à l'état libre et propre à soutenir à nouveau le tapis en toi le (12).Machine for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a canvas conveyor belt (12) which operates in combination with multi-spiral belts (8), this canvas carpet (12) serving for the transport and protection of the skin due to the fact that it leaves no trace on it even under pressure, while at the same time it easily allows the liquid which leaves said skin to emigrate, the multi-spiral mats acting first as a reservoir, until pressing against the pressure rollers (5), then in the manner of catalysts as soon as they assume another position, losing instantaneously all the liquid to return to the free state and suitable for support the carpet in you again on (12). Machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 1 et conforme à la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce quele tapis en toile (12) prend appui sur des tapis multispirales (8 e 9) en laissant ainsi émigrer au maximum le liquide provenant de la peau autour de la phase de pressage assurant ainsi la déshumidification tout en laissant passer la vapeur sur la serie subséquente des tambours (29) avec des feutres (31) en permettant ainsi le conditionnement subséquent, tandis que le tapis (12) autorise la transpiration maximale de l'air en direction de la peau.Machine for implementing the process according to the claim 1 and according to claim 2, characterized in that the canvas carpet (12) is supported on multi-spiral carpets (8 e 9) thereby allowing the liquid from the skin to migrate as much as possible around the pressing phase thus ensuring dehumidification while letting the steam pass over the subsequent series of drums (29) with felts (31) thereby allowing subsequent conditioning, while the carpet (12) allows maximum air perspiration towards the skin . Machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 1 et conforme aux revendications 1 et 3, caractérisée en ce qu'un tapis en acier (18), qui est chauffé et sur lequel agit une série de tambours de contre-pression (21) prévus au niveau des rouleaux presseurs (29) placés au-dessous et munis de feutres tournants (31), crée à chaque passage un effet combiné de chaleur et de pression propre à provoquer dans la peau l'expulsion de l'humidité résiduelle sous forme de vapeur, laquelle est absorbée par des feutres inférieurs (31).Machine for carrying out the method according to claim 1 and according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that a steel mat (18), which is heated and on which acts a series of back pressure drums (21 ) provided at the level of the pressure rollers (29) placed below and provided with rotating felts (31), creates on each pass a combined effect of heat and pressure capable of causing the skin to expel the residual moisture under form of vapor, which is absorbed by lower felts (31). Machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 1 et conforme aux revendications 2 à 4, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu une installation pour le reconditionnement des feutres (31) en vue de garantir en permanence à ceux-ci leur pouvoir maximal d'absorption.Machine for implementing the method according to claim 1 and according to claims 2 to 4, characterized in that an installation is provided for the reconditioning of the felts (31) with a view to permanently guaranteeing their power maximum absorption. Machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 1 et conforme aux revendications 2 à5, caractérisée en ce qu'une installation pour le conditionnement des peaux agit en combinaison avec l'installation pour le reconditionnement des feutres en ce moyennant seulement l'adjonction d'une pompe à chaleur et du condenseur correspondant en vue de déshumidifier l'air en circulation et d'introduire cet air à l'état sec pour la phase de conditionnement avec des avantages évidents sur le plan de l'économie d'énergie.Machine for carrying out the method according to claim 1 and according to claims 2 to 5, characterized in that an installation for conditioning the skins acts in combination with the installation for reconditioning the felts in this by only adding a heat pump and the corresponding condenser in view dehumidify the air in circulation and introduce this air in the dry state for the conditioning phase with obvious advantages in terms of energy saving. Machine pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une seul tapis en feutre (41) qui est monté sur une série de tambours (42 et 43) et qui est entraîné à travers une transmission à chaîne par le tambour (44) en vue de passer ensuite sur le tambour (45) et sur le tambour (46) faisant tous deux fonction de renvoi, l'un desdits tambours faisant en outre fonction de guide-feutre, en retournant ensuite sur le tambour (42), avec prévision du conditionnement du feutre par introduction d'eau chaude distribuée sur ce feutre par une série de panneaux de guidage (47), tandis qu'un tapis en toile (48) partant du tambour (49) rejoint finalement le tambour moteur (44) pour passer du tambour (50) au tambour (51), lesquels font tous deux office de renvoi pour revenir sur le tambour (49).Machine for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a single felt mat (41) which is mounted on a series of drums (42 and 43) and which is driven through a transmission to chain by the drum (44) in order to then pass over the drum (45) and over the drum (46) both acting as a return, one of said drums also acting as a felt guide, then returning to the drum (42), with anticipation of the conditioning of the felt by introduction of hot water distributed on this felt by a series of guide panels (47), while a cloth carpet (48) starting from the drum (49) joins finally the motor drum (44) to pass from the drum (50) to the drum (51), which both act as a return to return to the drum (49). Machine fonctionnant en continu pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un cylindre (64) muni par exemple d'un dispositif de chauffage, tandis que le tapis en feutre (65) vient à être disposé en contact de la surface du cylindre (64), afin de produire un effet similaire avec un avantage évident de gain d'espace, tout en maintenant intactes toutes les autres caratéristiques de déshumidification.Machine operating continuously for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a cylinder (64) provided for example with a heating device, while the felt mat (65) comes to be disposed in contact with the surface of the cylinder (64), in order to produce a similar effect with an obvious advantage of gaining space, while keeping intact all the other characteristics of dehumidification.
EP92200463A 1991-02-25 1992-02-17 Process for pressing, dehumidification and conditioning of soaked hides and continuously operating machine for execution of this process Withdrawn EP0501565A1 (en)

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ITVI910032A IT1247075B (en) 1991-02-25 1991-02-25 CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR PRESSING DEHUMIDIFYING AND CONDITIONING WET LEATHER AND MACHINE TO OBTAIN THIS PROCEDURE
ITVI910032 1991-02-25

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108715908A (en) * 2018-06-14 2018-10-30 安徽申泉化工有限公司 A kind of leather drier
CN108981351A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-11 绍兴中纺联检验技术服务有限公司 Textile fabric drying device

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FR1275070A (en) * 1960-10-07 1961-11-03 Aulson Tanning Machinery Compa Method and apparatus for drying and softening leather
FR1425914A (en) * 1964-10-27 1966-01-24 Device capable of advancing, extending, heating, pressing in a continuous manner, objects of limited thickness and of considerable superficial extension, particularly skin during treatment
GB1221165A (en) * 1969-02-20 1971-02-03 Turner Ag Maschf Method and apparatus for the continuous demoisturising of leather and like fibrous materials
FR2461907A1 (en) * 1979-07-16 1981-02-06 Remonato Giancarlo Continuous drying appts. partic. for tanned hides - with air flow between adjacent stages controlled by dampers
EP0303168A1 (en) * 1987-08-12 1989-02-15 Turner Maschinenbau GmbH Continuous drawing press
DE3942101A1 (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-28 Tampella Oy Ab Web drying assembly - has suction roller as second press roller for efficient transfer of water to blanket

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1275070A (en) * 1960-10-07 1961-11-03 Aulson Tanning Machinery Compa Method and apparatus for drying and softening leather
FR1425914A (en) * 1964-10-27 1966-01-24 Device capable of advancing, extending, heating, pressing in a continuous manner, objects of limited thickness and of considerable superficial extension, particularly skin during treatment
GB1221165A (en) * 1969-02-20 1971-02-03 Turner Ag Maschf Method and apparatus for the continuous demoisturising of leather and like fibrous materials
FR2461907A1 (en) * 1979-07-16 1981-02-06 Remonato Giancarlo Continuous drying appts. partic. for tanned hides - with air flow between adjacent stages controlled by dampers
EP0303168A1 (en) * 1987-08-12 1989-02-15 Turner Maschinenbau GmbH Continuous drawing press
DE3942101A1 (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-28 Tampella Oy Ab Web drying assembly - has suction roller as second press roller for efficient transfer of water to blanket

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108715908A (en) * 2018-06-14 2018-10-30 安徽申泉化工有限公司 A kind of leather drier
CN108981351A (en) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-11 绍兴中纺联检验技术服务有限公司 Textile fabric drying device

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IT1247075B (en) 1994-12-12
ITVI910032A1 (en) 1992-08-25

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