EP0498738B1 - High voltage selection switch with lineair movement - Google Patents

High voltage selection switch with lineair movement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0498738B1
EP0498738B1 EP92400331A EP92400331A EP0498738B1 EP 0498738 B1 EP0498738 B1 EP 0498738B1 EP 92400331 A EP92400331 A EP 92400331A EP 92400331 A EP92400331 A EP 92400331A EP 0498738 B1 EP0498738 B1 EP 0498738B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
contact
insulating
contact member
high voltage
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP92400331A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0498738A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Jedlitschka
Jacques Sireul
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General Electric CGR SA
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General Electric CGR SA
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Publication of EP0498738A1 publication Critical patent/EP0498738A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/06—Insulating body insertable between contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/54—Lever switches with blade-type contact co-operating with one or two spring-clip contacts, e.g. knife switch
    • H01H21/58—Change-over switches without stable intermediate position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high voltage switch according to the preamble of claim 1 and, more particularly, to the switches which are used to alternately supply at least two x-ray tubes from a single high voltage generator.
  • X-ray tubes for medical diagnosis for example, are generally constituted (FIG. 1) like a diode, that is to say with a cathode 11 and an anode 12 or anti-cathode, these two electrodes being enclosed in a envelope 14 vacuum tight and which allows for electrical isolation between these two electrodes.
  • the cathode 11 produces an electron beam 13 and the anode receives these electrons over a small surface which constitutes a focal point from which the X-rays are emitted.
  • a small proportion of the energy expended in producing the electron beam 13 is transformed into X-rays, the rest of this energy being transformed into heat. Also, given also the large instantaneous powers involved (of the order of 100 KW) and the small dimensions of the hearth (of the order of a millimeter), manufacturers have long produced tubes X-ray rotary anode where the anode is rotated to distribute the heat flux over a ring called focal ring, with a much larger area than the focus, the advantage being all the greater as the speed of rotation is high (generally between 3,000 and 12,000 revolutions per minute).
  • the rotary anode of the conventional type has the general shape of a disc having an axis of symmetry 16 around which it is rotated by means of an electric motor 17; the electric motor has a stator 18 located outside the envelope 14 and a rotor 19 mounted in the envelope 14 of the X-ray tube and arranged along the axis of symmetry 16, the rotor being mechanically secured to the anode via a support shaft 20.
  • the high voltage generator 15 which supplies between the terminals -HT and + HT a voltage of between 50 and 160 kilovolts, is an important, bulky and expensive element of an X-ray device. Also, in radiology installations comprising several X-ray tubes, provision is made to use only one high voltage generator which is connected to the various X-ray tubes by means of a high voltage switch, the basic diagram is given by FIG. 2 in the case of a switch 21 for supplying two tubes A and B. It comprises two input terminals 22 and 23 connected respectively to the terminals + HT and -HT of the high generator voltage and two pairs of output terminals 24, 25 and 26, 27 respectively connected to tubes A and B.
  • the switching is carried out by two rotary arms 28 and 29 connected on one side (pads 22 ′ and 23 ′) respectively input terminals 22 and 23 and the other is at output terminals 24 and 25 (pads 24 ′ and 25 ′) for a first position of the arms (supply of tube A), or at the output terminals 26 and 27 (pads 26 ′ and 27 ′) for a second position of the arms (supply of tube B).
  • the distances separating the different pads are large enough to avoid conduction by electric arc.
  • the distances should be of the order of several centimeters, for example 15 centimeters for 150 kilovolts, which leads to switches of large dimensions and therefore very bulky.
  • Document US-A-1833173 describes a high voltage switch comprising an insulating plate interposed between the fixed stud and the movable stud when the movable stud is opened.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to produce a high-voltage switch of reduced size with or without the use of insulating oil by implementing a potential barrier made of insulating material with high dielectric strength, such as a polymer of the polypropylene type. or polyethylene with a breakdown voltage equal to or greater than 80 kilovolts per millimeter.
  • a potential barrier made of insulating material with high dielectric strength such as a polymer of the polypropylene type. or polyethylene with a breakdown voltage equal to or greater than 80 kilovolts per millimeter.
  • the invention relates to a high-voltage linear motion switch for alternately applying a high voltage either to a first X-ray tube or to a second X-ray tube, comprising two identical half-switches, each half-switch comprising two terminals d input and two output terminals and each input terminal being connected to a single output terminal by through a contact device which comprises a fixed stud and a movable stud moving in a linear movement so as to come into contact with or move away from said fixed stud, said linear movement of the two movable studs a half-switch being obtained by the linear displacement of an isolation device in a direction perpendicular to the movement of the movable pads, each half-switch being characterized in that said isolation device cooperates with the two movable pads so that , in a first position of the isolation device, a first contact device is open while the second is closed and that, in a second position of the isolation device, the first contact device is closed while the second is open , the pads facing each open
  • the switch 31 is provided for applying a high voltage taken, for example, between the + HT and -HT terminals of a generator 15 (FIG. 1), either to a tube A, or to a tube B. It comprises two half-switches 32 and 30 which each have two input terminals 33, 33 ′ and 34, 34 ′ and two output terminals 35, 37 and 36, 38 respectively.
  • the input terminals 33 and 33 ′ are, for example, connected to the + HT output terminal of the generator 15 while the input terminals 34 and 34 ′ connected to the -HT output terminal of the same generator.
  • Each half-switch 32 or 30 consists of two contact devices each comprising (FIGS. 3, 4 and 5) a fixed stud f connected, for example, to an input terminal and a movable stud m, connected to an output terminal, which moves linearly along the double arrow 39 (or 40, 41, 42) and a mobile isolation device 43 (or 44), made of polymer with high dielectric strength, which moves linearly along the double arrow 43 ′ (or 44 ′) so as to be interposed (figure 4-b) or not (figure 4-a) between the pads m or f of a contact device.
  • the linear movement of the isolation device is perpendicular to that of the movable studs and these two linear movements are combined with one another by means of mechanisms of the rod type (figure 5-a) or with ramp (figure 5-b).
  • the combination of movements is such that at no time during the insertion of the isolation device between the contacts m and f, the latter does not touch the contacts in order to avoid any pollution due to friction.
  • the hollow finger 46 is articulated with the isolation device 43 (or 44) either via a crank 51 (Figure 5-a), or via an element 52 (Figure 5-b) secured to the insulation device 43 and having a ramp 53 which cooperates with a lug 54 secured to the hollow finger 46.
  • Figures 6, 7 and 8 show, in detail, a practical embodiment of the half-switch 30 according to the invention, Figure 6 showing in addition a part of the second half-switch 32 and a control device 54 of the of the two half-switches.
  • the support of the two contact devices and of the insulation device comprises two external plates 55 and 56 which sandwich different internal elements which are shaped to produce the bores 49 for sliding of the contact devices as well as the path 57 for movement of the device of insulation 43.
  • This displacement path 57 extends along the thickness of the plates 55 and 56 by a notch 58 in each plate.
  • the isolation device 43 has the form of an elongated plate, the ends of which are bevelled on the side of each movable stud m so as to progressively engage the inter-stud space during the opening of the electrical contact.
  • the aim of such bevelling is to prevent the contacts from touching the insulation device and to increase the bypass path of a possible electric arc.
  • the width of the plate is slightly larger than the thickness of the half-contactor so as to assemble the plate with the two contact devices by means of four arms, three of which are referenced 51, 51 ′ and 51 ⁇ can be seen in the figures, the fourth being the symmetrical arm of the arm 51 ⁇ with respect to a median plane parallel to the plates 55 and 56.
  • the arms of each pair, 51 and 51 ′ for example, are articulated, on the one hand, on the lateral sides of the plate 43 of the isolation device and, on the hollow finger 46 of the movable contact device m by means of a transverse element 59 which is integral with the finger and which has the same width as the insulation plate.
  • the joints are for example made by screws 60 which are screwed into the plate and the transverse element 59 and which have a smooth part to allow rotation of the arms.
  • the plates 55 and 56 have notches 61 and 62 which have a direction perpendicular to that of the path of movement 57 of the isolation device 43.
  • the outer plates 55 and 56 as well as the inner plates are held together by bolts and nuts such as those referenced 63, 64.
  • the fixed studs f are carried by a bar 65 which is inserted between the plates 55 and 56 and which is fixed on the two inner edge plates.
  • the studs 48 are carried by a bar 66 which is inserted between the plates 55 and 56 and which is fixed to the two inner edge plates.
  • the assembly constituted by the plates 55 and 56, the elements sandwiched between said plates, the two contact devices and the isolation device is carried by four legs 67 to 70 which are, for example, fixed to said assembly by means of threaded heads extending outwards the fixed studs f and the metal elements 48 and d 'nuts 71.
  • These tabs can be metallic and can then be used to make the electrical connections 72 and 73 with the high voltage generator and the X-ray tubes respectively as will be described below in relation to FIGS. 9 and 10.
  • These tabs can also be made of insulating material, the electrical connections then being made directly on the threaded heads of the fixed studs f and of the metallic elements 48.
  • the control device 54 of the two half-switches 30 and 32 comprises, for example, a rigid tongue 74 which carries two lugs 75 and 76 and a transverse groove 77 and a rotary rod 78 which cooperates with the groove 77 by an eccentric lug 79 , this rod being terminated by a crank 83.
  • the lug 75 comes to engage, for example, in a blind hole 81 of the plate of the insulation device 44 while the lug 76 comes to engage in a blind hole 82 of the isolation device plate 43.
  • the two half-switches 30 and 32 and their control device 54 are placed in a box 84 and fixed, for example, on the bottom 85 by means of the legs 67 to 70.
  • This box is closed at its upper opening by a cover 86 which serves to support the rotary rod 78, the crank 83 being outside the box, and to female parts of connectors including the male parts, not shown in the figures 9 and 10, are connected to the high voltage generator 15 and to tubes A and B to X-rays.
  • the female parts of the connectors are referenced 87 and 88 for those connected to the high-voltage generator and 89 to 92 for those connected to X-ray tubes and have the form of sleeves in which come fit the male parts.
  • These sleeves end inside the box 84 with metal studs 93 to which the connecting conductors (99) are connected with the fixed studs f for the high voltage coming from the high voltage generator and with the metallic elements 48 for the high voltage applied to X-ray tubes.
  • the box 84 is waterproof and contains dry air, but can be filled with an insulating fluid so as to improve the bypass insulation, the direct insulation being obtained by the polymers with high dielectric strength which constitute the various elements.
  • switch insulators These insulating elements are made of materials of the polymer type such as polyethylene, polypropylene or others.
  • the only metallic elements are the tabs such as that referenced 67, the fixed studs f and the nuts 71, the movable studs m, the springs 47 and the metallic elements 48 with the nuts 71.
  • the operation of the switch according to the invention is as follows; the rotation of the crank 83 in the direction of the arrow 94 rotates the rod 78 and the lug 79 in the same direction (arrow 95) so that the tongue 74 moves to the right (arrow 96) and so is likewise the plates of the isolation devices 43 and 44.
  • the arms such as those referenced 51, 51 ′ and 51 ⁇ rotate in the direction indicated by the arrows 97 so that the movable contact device m on the right of each half switch gradually moves away from the stud fixed f while the movable contact device m on the left comes into progressive contact with the fixed stud f.
  • each insulation device is interposed between the two studs which move apart but leave the space of the two studs which come into contact.
  • Each plate thus provides insulation between the two studs which move away while allowing electrical contact between the two studs which approach.
  • the invention has been described with fixed pads f connected to the high voltage generator and movable pads m connected to the X-ray tubes to be supplied, but the switch can be used in reverse, that is to say the fixed pads f connected to the tubes and the mobile studs m connected to the generator.
  • insulating material with high electrical rigidity which corresponds to a breakdown voltage of the order of several tens of kilovolts per millimeter.
  • This insulating material is preferably a polymer such as polyethylene or polypropylene.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un commutateur haute tension selon le préambule de la revendication 1 et, plus particulièrement, les commutateurs qui sont utilisés pour alimenter alternativement au moins deux tubes à rayons X à partir d'un générateur haute tension unique.The invention relates to a high voltage switch according to the preamble of claim 1 and, more particularly, to the switches which are used to alternately supply at least two x-ray tubes from a single high voltage generator.

Les tubes à rayons X, pour diagnostic médical par exemple, sont généralement constitués (figure 1) comme une diode, c'est-à-dire avec une cathode 11 et une anode 12 ou anti-cathode, ces deux électrodes étant enfermées dans une enveloppe 14 étanche au vide et qui permet de réaliser l'isolement électrique entre ces deux électrodes. La cathode 11 produit un faisceau d'électrons 13 et l'anode reçoit ces électrons sur une petite surface qui constitue un foyer d'où sont émis les rayons X.X-ray tubes, for medical diagnosis for example, are generally constituted (FIG. 1) like a diode, that is to say with a cathode 11 and an anode 12 or anti-cathode, these two electrodes being enclosed in a envelope 14 vacuum tight and which allows for electrical isolation between these two electrodes. The cathode 11 produces an electron beam 13 and the anode receives these electrons over a small surface which constitutes a focal point from which the X-rays are emitted.

Quand la haute tension d'alimentation est appliquée par un générateur 15 aux bornes de la cathode 11 et de l'anode 12 de façon que la cathode soit au potentiel négatif -HT et l'anode au potentiel +HT, un courant dit courant anodique s'établit dans le circuit au travers du générateur 15 produisant la haute tension; le courant anodique traverse l'espace entre le cathode et l'anode sous la forme du faisceau d'électrons 13 qui bombardent le foyer.When the high supply voltage is applied by a generator 15 at the terminals of the cathode 11 and of the anode 12 so that the cathode is at the negative potential -HT and the anode at the potential + HT, a current known as anodic current is established in the circuit through the generator 15 producing the high voltage; the anode current crosses the space between the cathode and the anode in the form of the electron beam 13 which bombards the hearth.

Une faible proportion de l'énergie dépensée à produire le faisceau d'électrons 13 est transformée en rayons X, le reste de cette énergie étant transformé en chaleur. Aussi, compte tenu également des puissances instantanées importantes mises en jeu ( de l'ordre de 100 KW) et des petites dimensions du foyer (de l'ordre du millimètre), les constructeurs ont depuis longtemps réalisé des tubes à rayons X à anode tournante où l'anode est mise en rotation pour répartir le flux thermique sur une couronne appelée couronne focale, d'aire beaucoup plus grande que le foyer, l'intérêt étant d'autant plus grand que la vitesse de rotation est élevée ( en général entre 3.000 et 12.000 tours par minute).A small proportion of the energy expended in producing the electron beam 13 is transformed into X-rays, the rest of this energy being transformed into heat. Also, given also the large instantaneous powers involved (of the order of 100 KW) and the small dimensions of the hearth (of the order of a millimeter), manufacturers have long produced tubes X-ray rotary anode where the anode is rotated to distribute the heat flux over a ring called focal ring, with a much larger area than the focus, the advantage being all the greater as the speed of rotation is high (generally between 3,000 and 12,000 revolutions per minute).

L'anode tournante de type classique a la forme générale d'un disque ayant un axe de symétrie 16 autour duquel elle est mise en rotation à l'aide d'un moteur électrique 17; le moteur électrique a un stator 18 situé à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe 14 et un rotor 19 monté dans l'enveloppe 14 du tube à rayons X et disposé selon l'axe de symétrie 16, le rotor étant mécaniquement solidarisé à l'anode par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre support 20.The rotary anode of the conventional type has the general shape of a disc having an axis of symmetry 16 around which it is rotated by means of an electric motor 17; the electric motor has a stator 18 located outside the envelope 14 and a rotor 19 mounted in the envelope 14 of the X-ray tube and arranged along the axis of symmetry 16, the rotor being mechanically secured to the anode via a support shaft 20.

Le générateur haute tension 15, qui fournit entre les bornes -HT et +HT une tension comprise entre 50 et 160 kilovolts, est un élément important, volumineux et coûteux d'un appareil radiologique. Aussi, dans les installations de radiologie comportant plusieurs tubes à rayons X, il est prévu de n'utiliser qu'un seul générateur haute tension que l'on connecte aux différents tubes à rayons X par l'intermédiaire d'un commutateur haute tension dont le schéma de principe est donné par la figure 2 dans le cas d'un commutateur 21 d'alimentation de deux tubes A et B. Il comprend deux bornes d'entrée 22 et 23 connectées respectivement aux bornes +HT et -HT du générateur haute tension et deux paires de bornes de sortie 24, 25 et 26, 27 connectées respectivement aux tubes A et B. La commutation est réalisée grâce à deux bras rotatifs 28 et 29 connectés d'un côté (plots 22′ et 23′)respectivement aux bornes d'entrée 22 et 23 et de l'autre soit aux bornes de sortie 24 et 25 (plots 24′ et 25′) pour une première position des bras (alimentation du tube A), soit aux bornes de sortie 26 et 27 (plots 26′ et 27′)pour une deuxième position des bras (alimentation du tube B). Avec un tel mécanisme, il est nécessaire que les distances séparant les différents plots soient suffisamment grandes pour éviter une conduction par arc électrique. Ainsi, dans l'air sec, les distances devront être de l'ordre de plusieurs centimètres, par exemple 15 centimètres pour 150 kilovolts, ce qui conduit à des commutateurs de grandes dimensions et donc très encombrants. Aussi, pour réduire cet encombrement, il est habituel de disposer le ou les commutateurs dans une enceinte remplie d'huile isolante dont la tension de claquage est égale ou supérieure à 10 kilovolts par millimètre au lieu d'un kilovolt par millimètre dans l'air sec. Ceci conduit, bien entendu, à un encombrement réduit mais avec la sujétion de l'utilisation d'une enceinte remplie d'huile.The high voltage generator 15, which supplies between the terminals -HT and + HT a voltage of between 50 and 160 kilovolts, is an important, bulky and expensive element of an X-ray device. Also, in radiology installations comprising several X-ray tubes, provision is made to use only one high voltage generator which is connected to the various X-ray tubes by means of a high voltage switch, the basic diagram is given by FIG. 2 in the case of a switch 21 for supplying two tubes A and B. It comprises two input terminals 22 and 23 connected respectively to the terminals + HT and -HT of the high generator voltage and two pairs of output terminals 24, 25 and 26, 27 respectively connected to tubes A and B. The switching is carried out by two rotary arms 28 and 29 connected on one side (pads 22 ′ and 23 ′) respectively input terminals 22 and 23 and the other is at output terminals 24 and 25 (pads 24 ′ and 25 ′) for a first position of the arms (supply of tube A), or at the output terminals 26 and 27 (pads 26 ′ and 27 ′) for a second position of the arms (supply of tube B). With such a mechanism, it is necessary that the distances separating the different pads are large enough to avoid conduction by electric arc. Thus, in dry air, the distances should be of the order of several centimeters, for example 15 centimeters for 150 kilovolts, which leads to switches of large dimensions and therefore very bulky. Also, to reduce this space requirement, it is usual to place the switch or switches in an enclosure filled with insulating oil, the breakdown voltage of which is equal to or greater than 10 kilovolts per millimeter instead of one kilovolt per millimeter in the air. dry. This leads, of course, to a reduced bulk but with the subjection of the use of an enclosure filled with oil.

Le document US-A-1833173 décrit un interrupteur haute tension comportant une plaquette isolante s'interposant entre le plot fixe et le plot mobile lors de l'ouverture du plot mobile.Document US-A-1833173 describes a high voltage switch comprising an insulating plate interposed between the fixed stud and the movable stud when the movable stud is opened.

Le but de la présente invention est donc de réaliser un commutateur haute tension d'encombrement réduit avec ou sans utilisation d'huile isolante en mettant en oeuvre une barrière de potentiel en matériau isolant à haute rigidité diélectrique, tel qu'un polymère du type polypropylène ou polyéthylène dont la tension de claquage est égale ou supérieure à 80 kilovolts par millimètre.The object of the present invention is therefore to produce a high-voltage switch of reduced size with or without the use of insulating oil by implementing a potential barrier made of insulating material with high dielectric strength, such as a polymer of the polypropylene type. or polyethylene with a breakdown voltage equal to or greater than 80 kilovolts per millimeter.

L'invention concerne un commutateur haute tension à mouvement linéaire pour appliquer alternativement une haute tension soit à un premier tube à rayons X, soit à un deuxième tube à rayons X, comprenant deux demi-commutateurs identiques, chaque demi-commutateur comportant deux bornes d'entrée et deux bornes de sortie et chaque borne d'entrée étant connectée à une seule borne de sortie par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de contact qui comprend un plot fixe et un plot mobile se déplaçant selon un mouvement linéaire de manière à venir en contact avec ledit plot fixe ou à s'en éloigner, ledit mouvement linéaire des deux plots mobiles d'un demi-commutateur étant obtenu par le déplacement linéaire d'un dispositif d'isolation selon une direction perpendiculaire au mouvement des plots mobiles, chaque demi-commutateur étant caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif d'isolation coopère avec les deux plots mobiles de manière que, dans une première position du dispositif d'isolation, un premier dispositif de contact soit ouvert tandis que le deuxième est fermé et que, dans une deuxième position du dispositif d'isolation, le premier dispositif de contact soit fermé tandis que le deuxième est ouvert, les plots en regard de chaque dispositif de contact ouvert étant séparés par une plaquette en matériau isolant qui constitue le dispositif d'isolation.The invention relates to a high-voltage linear motion switch for alternately applying a high voltage either to a first X-ray tube or to a second X-ray tube, comprising two identical half-switches, each half-switch comprising two terminals d input and two output terminals and each input terminal being connected to a single output terminal by through a contact device which comprises a fixed stud and a movable stud moving in a linear movement so as to come into contact with or move away from said fixed stud, said linear movement of the two movable studs a half-switch being obtained by the linear displacement of an isolation device in a direction perpendicular to the movement of the movable pads, each half-switch being characterized in that said isolation device cooperates with the two movable pads so that , in a first position of the isolation device, a first contact device is open while the second is closed and that, in a second position of the isolation device, the first contact device is closed while the second is open , the pads facing each open contact device being separated by a plate of insulating material which constitutes the insulation device.

D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante d'un exemple particulier de réalisation, ladite description étant faite en relation avec les dessins joints dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est un schéma de principe d'un tube à rayons X à anode tournante alimenté par un générateur haute tension,
  • la figure 2 est un schéma de principe d'un commutateur haute tension du type à bras rotatifs selon l'art antérieur,
  • la figure 3 est un schéma de principe d'un commutateur haute tension selon la présente invention,
  • les figures 4-a et 4-b sont des vues en coupe d'un des dispositifs de contact du commutateur selon l'invention montrant les deux positions "fermée" ou "ouverte" du contact,
  • les figures 5-a et 5-b sont des vues en coupe d'un des dispositifs de contact du commutateur selon l'invention montrant deux dispositifs de commande du mouvement du contact,
  • la figure 6 est une vue en perspective, partiellement en coupe, d'une partie d'un commutateur selon la présente invention,
  • la figure 7 est une vue en coupe suivant l'axe VII-VII de la figure 6,
  • la figure 8 est une vue de dessus, partiellement en écorché, d'une moitié de commutateur tel qu'il est représenté sur la figure 6,
  • la figure 9 est une vue d'ensemble en perspective, en partie écorchée, d'un commutateur selon l'invention, et
  • la figure 10 est une vue de côté du commutateur représenté sur la figure 10, boîtier enlevé.
Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the following description of a particular embodiment, said description being made in relation to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an X-ray tube with a rotating anode supplied by a high voltage generator,
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a high voltage switch of the type with rotary arms according to the prior art,
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a high voltage switch according to the present invention,
  • Figures 4-a and 4-b are sectional views of one of the switch contact devices according to the invention showing the two "closed" positions or "open" contact,
  • FIGS. 5-a and 5-b are sectional views of one of the contact devices of the switch according to the invention showing two devices for controlling the movement of the contact,
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view, partially in section, of part of a switch according to the present invention,
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view along the axis VII-VII of FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 is a top view, partially cut away, of a switch half as shown in FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 9 is an overall perspective view, partly broken away, of a switch according to the invention, and
  • Figure 10 is a side view of the switch shown in Figure 10, housing removed.

Conformément à la figure 3, le commutateur 31 selon l'invention est prévu pour appliquer une haute tension prise, par exemple, entre les bornes +HT et -HT d'un générateur 15 (figure 1), soit à un tube A, soit à un tube B. Il comprend deux demi-commutateurs 32 et 30 qui comportent chacun respectivement deux bornes d'entrée 33, 33′ et 34, 34′ et deux bornes de sortie 35, 37 et 36, 38. Les bornes d'entrée 33 et 33′ sont, par exemple, connectées à la borne de sortie +HT du générateur 15 tandis que les bornes d'entrée 34 et 34′ connectées à la borne de sortie -HT du même générateur. Avec de telles connexions aux bornes d'entrée, les connexions sur les bornes de sortie sont telles que les bornes 35 et 36 sont connectées au tube A tandis que les bornes 37 et 38 sont connectées au tube B. Chaque demi-commutateur 32 ou 30 est constitué de deux dispositifs de contact comportant chacun (figures 3, 4 et 5) un plot fixe f connecté, par exemple, à une borne d'entrée et un plot mobile m, connecté à une borne de sortie, qui se déplace linéairement suivant la double-flèche 39 (ou 40, 41, 42) et d'un dispositif d'isolation 43 (ou 44) mobile, en polymère à haute rigidité diélectrique, qui se déplace linéairement suivant la double-flèche 43′ (ou 44′) de manière à s'interposer (figure 4-b) ou non (figure 4-a) entre les plots m ou f d'un dispositif de contact. Le mouvement linéaire du dispositif d'isolation est perpendiculaire à celui des plots mobiles et ces deux mouvements linéaires sont combinés entre eux par l'intermédiaire de mécanismes du type à bielle (figure 5-a) ou à rampe (figure 5-b).In accordance with FIG. 3, the switch 31 according to the invention is provided for applying a high voltage taken, for example, between the + HT and -HT terminals of a generator 15 (FIG. 1), either to a tube A, or to a tube B. It comprises two half-switches 32 and 30 which each have two input terminals 33, 33 ′ and 34, 34 ′ and two output terminals 35, 37 and 36, 38 respectively. The input terminals 33 and 33 ′ are, for example, connected to the + HT output terminal of the generator 15 while the input terminals 34 and 34 ′ connected to the -HT output terminal of the same generator. With such connections to the input terminals, the connections to the output terminals are such that terminals 35 and 36 are connected to tube A while terminals 37 and 38 are connected to tube B. Each half-switch 32 or 30 consists of two contact devices each comprising (FIGS. 3, 4 and 5) a fixed stud f connected, for example, to an input terminal and a movable stud m, connected to an output terminal, which moves linearly along the double arrow 39 (or 40, 41, 42) and a mobile isolation device 43 (or 44), made of polymer with high dielectric strength, which moves linearly along the double arrow 43 ′ (or 44 ′) so as to be interposed (figure 4-b) or not (figure 4-a) between the pads m or f of a contact device. The linear movement of the isolation device is perpendicular to that of the movable studs and these two linear movements are combined with one another by means of mechanisms of the rod type (figure 5-a) or with ramp (figure 5-b).

La combinaison des mouvements est telle qu'à aucun moment lors de l'insertion du dispositif d'isolation entre les contacts m et f, ce dernier ne touche les contacts afin d'éviter toute pollution due au frottement.The combination of movements is such that at no time during the insertion of the isolation device between the contacts m and f, the latter does not touch the contacts in order to avoid any pollution due to friction.

Plus précisément, le plot mobile m de chaque dispositif de contact est réalisé en quatre parties 45, 46, 47 et 48 :

  • un doigt creux 46, en matériau isolant par exemple, qui coulisse dans un alésage 49 d'un support qui sera décrit ci-après,
  • un premier élément métallique 45 porté par l'extrémité du doigt creux 46 qui est prévu pour venir en contact avec le plot fixe f,
  • un deuxième élément métallique 48 qui est fixe et est connecté à une borne de sortie, et
  • un ressort 47 en métal conducteur dont une extrémité vient s'appuyer sur le premier élément métallique 45 à l'intérieur du doigt creux 46 et dont l'autre extrémité vient s'appuyer sur le deuxième élément métallique 48 dans un trou borgne de ce dernier.
More specifically, the movable block m of each contact device is produced in four parts 45, 46, 47 and 48:
  • a hollow finger 46, made of insulating material for example, which slides in a bore 49 of a support which will be described below,
  • a first metallic element 45 carried by the end of the hollow finger 46 which is designed to come into contact with the fixed stud f,
  • a second metallic element 48 which is fixed and is connected to an output terminal, and
  • a spring 47 of conductive metal, one end of which is supported on the first metallic element 45 inside the hollow finger 46 and the other end of which is supported on the second element metallic 48 in a blind hole in the latter.

Le doigt creux 46 est articulé avec le dispositif d'isolation 43 (ou 44) soit par l'intermédiaire d'une manivelle 51 (Figure 5-a), soit par l'intermédiaire d'un élément 52 (Figure 5-b) solidaire du dispositif d'isolation 43 et présentant une rampe 53 qui coopère avec un ergot 54 solidaire du doigt creux 46.The hollow finger 46 is articulated with the isolation device 43 (or 44) either via a crank 51 (Figure 5-a), or via an element 52 (Figure 5-b) secured to the insulation device 43 and having a ramp 53 which cooperates with a lug 54 secured to the hollow finger 46.

Les figures 6, 7 et 8 montrent, de manière détaillée, une réalisation pratique du demi-commutateur 30 selon l'invention, la figure 6 montrant en plus une partie du deuxième demi-commutateur 32 ainsi qu'un dispositif de commande 54 de l'ensemble des deux demi-commutateurs. Le support des deux dispositifs de contact et du dispositif d'isolation comprend deux plaques extérieures 55 et 56 qui prennent en sandwich différents éléments intérieurs qui sont conformés pour réaliser les alésages 49 de coulissement des dispositifs de contact ainsi que le chemin 57 de déplacement du dispositif d'isolation 43. Ce chemin de déplacement 57 s'étend suivant l'épaisseur des plaques 55 et 56 par une encoche 58 dans chaque plaque. Le dispositif d'isolation 43 a la forme d'une plaquette allongée dont les extrémités sont biseautées du côté de chaque plot mobile m de manière à engager progressivement l'espace inter-plots lors de l'ouverture du contact électrique. Un tel biseautage a pour but d'éviter que les contacts touchent le dispositif d'isolation et d'augmenter le chemin de contournement d'un arc électrique éventuel.Figures 6, 7 and 8 show, in detail, a practical embodiment of the half-switch 30 according to the invention, Figure 6 showing in addition a part of the second half-switch 32 and a control device 54 of the of the two half-switches. The support of the two contact devices and of the insulation device comprises two external plates 55 and 56 which sandwich different internal elements which are shaped to produce the bores 49 for sliding of the contact devices as well as the path 57 for movement of the device of insulation 43. This displacement path 57 extends along the thickness of the plates 55 and 56 by a notch 58 in each plate. The isolation device 43 has the form of an elongated plate, the ends of which are bevelled on the side of each movable stud m so as to progressively engage the inter-stud space during the opening of the electrical contact. The aim of such bevelling is to prevent the contacts from touching the insulation device and to increase the bypass path of a possible electric arc.

La largeur de la plaquette est légèrement plus grande que l'épaisseur du demi-contacteur de manière à réaliser l'assemblage de la plaquette avec les deux dispositifs de contact par l'intermédiaire de quatre bras dont trois référencés 51, 51′ et 51˝ peuvent être vus sur les figures, le quatrième étant le bras symétrique du bras 51˝ par rapport à un plan médian parallèle aux plaques 55 et 56. Les bras de chaque paire, 51 et 51′ par exemple, sont articulés, d'une part, sur les côtés latéraux de la plaquette 43 du dispositif d'isolation et, d'autre part, sur le doigt creux 46 du dispositif de contact mobile m par l'intermédiaire d'un élément transversal 59 qui est solidaire du doigt et qui a la même largeur que la plaquette d'isolation. Les articulations sont par exemple réalisés par des vis 60 qui sont vissés dans la plaquette et l'élément transversal 59 et qui présentent une partie lisse pour permettre la rotation des bras.The width of the plate is slightly larger than the thickness of the half-contactor so as to assemble the plate with the two contact devices by means of four arms, three of which are referenced 51, 51 ′ and 51˝ can be seen in the figures, the fourth being the symmetrical arm of the arm 51˝ with respect to a median plane parallel to the plates 55 and 56. The arms of each pair, 51 and 51 ′ for example, are articulated, on the one hand, on the lateral sides of the plate 43 of the isolation device and, on the other hand, on the hollow finger 46 of the movable contact device m by means of a transverse element 59 which is integral with the finger and which has the same width as the insulation plate. The joints are for example made by screws 60 which are screwed into the plate and the transverse element 59 and which have a smooth part to allow rotation of the arms.

Pour permettre le déplacement de l'élément transversal 59, les plaques 55 et 56 présentent des encoches 61 et 62 qui ont une direction perpendiculaire à celle du chemin de déplacement 57 du dispositif d'isolation 43. Il en est de même des éléments qui sont pris en sandwich entre les deux plaques 55 et 56 et qui n'ont pas été représentés sur les figures. Ils peuvent être réalisés par trois plaques rectangulaires isolantes, l'une interne séparant les deux dispositifs de contact et les deux autres externes bordant, à l'extérieur, les deux dispositifs de contact. Les plaques extérieures 55 et 56 ainsi que les plaques intérieures sont maintenues entre elles par des boulons et écrous tels que ceux référencés 63, 64.To allow the displacement of the transverse element 59, the plates 55 and 56 have notches 61 and 62 which have a direction perpendicular to that of the path of movement 57 of the isolation device 43. The same is true of the elements which are sandwiched between the two plates 55 and 56 and which have not been shown in the figures. They can be produced by three rectangular insulating plates, one internal separating the two contact devices and the other two external bordering, on the outside, the two contact devices. The outer plates 55 and 56 as well as the inner plates are held together by bolts and nuts such as those referenced 63, 64.

Les plots fixes f sont portés par une barrette 65 qui est insérée entre les plaques 55 et 56 et qui est fixée sur les deux plaques intérieures de bordure. De même, les plots 48 sont portés par une barrette 66 qui est insérée entre les plaques 55 et 56 et qui est fixée sur les deux plaques intérieures de bordure.The fixed studs f are carried by a bar 65 which is inserted between the plates 55 and 56 and which is fixed on the two inner edge plates. Likewise, the studs 48 are carried by a bar 66 which is inserted between the plates 55 and 56 and which is fixed to the two inner edge plates.

L'ensemble constitué par les plaques 55 et 56, les éléments pris en sandwich entre lesdites plaques, les deux dispositifs de contact et le dispositif d'isolation est porté par quatre pattes 67 à 70 qui sont, par exemple, fixées audit ensemble par l'intermédiaire de têtes filetées prolongeant vers l'extérieur les plots fixes f et les éléments métalliques 48 et d'écrous 71. Ces pattes peuvent être métalliques et être alors utilisées pour réaliser les connexions électriques 72 et 73 avec respectivement le générateur haute tension et les tubes à rayons X comme cela sera décrit ci-après en relation avec les figures 9 et 10. Ces pattes peuvent aussi être en matériau isolant, les connexions électriques étant alors réalisées directement sur les têtes filetées des plots fixes f et des éléments métalliques 48.The assembly constituted by the plates 55 and 56, the elements sandwiched between said plates, the two contact devices and the isolation device is carried by four legs 67 to 70 which are, for example, fixed to said assembly by means of threaded heads extending outwards the fixed studs f and the metal elements 48 and d 'nuts 71. These tabs can be metallic and can then be used to make the electrical connections 72 and 73 with the high voltage generator and the X-ray tubes respectively as will be described below in relation to FIGS. 9 and 10. These tabs can also be made of insulating material, the electrical connections then being made directly on the threaded heads of the fixed studs f and of the metallic elements 48.

Le dispositif de commande 54 des deux demi-commutateurs 30 et 32 comprend, par exemple, une languette rigide 74 qui porte deux ergots 75 et 76 et une rainure transversale 77 et une tige tournante 78 qui coopère avec la rainure 77 par un ergot excentré 79, cette tige étant terminée par une manivelle 83. L'ergot 75 vient s'enclencher, par exemple, dans un trou borgne 81 de la plaquette du dispositif d'isolation 44 tandis que l'ergot 76 vient s'enclencher dans un trou borgne 82 de la plaquette du dispositif d'isolation 43.The control device 54 of the two half-switches 30 and 32 comprises, for example, a rigid tongue 74 which carries two lugs 75 and 76 and a transverse groove 77 and a rotary rod 78 which cooperates with the groove 77 by an eccentric lug 79 , this rod being terminated by a crank 83. The lug 75 comes to engage, for example, in a blind hole 81 of the plate of the insulation device 44 while the lug 76 comes to engage in a blind hole 82 of the isolation device plate 43.

Comme le montre les figures 9 et 10, les deux demi-commutateurs 30 et 32 et leur dispositif de commande 54 sont placés dans une boîte 84 et fixés, par exemple, sur le fond 85 par l'intermédiaire des pattes 67 à 70. Cette boîte est fermée à son ouverture supérieure par un couvercle 86 qui sert de support à la tige tournante 78, la manivelle 83 étant à l'extérieur de la boîte, et à des parties femelles de connecteurs dont les parties mâles,non représentées sur les figures 9 et 10, sont connectées au générateur haute tension 15 et aux tubes A et B à rayons X. Les parties femelles des connecteurs sont référencées 87 et 88 pour celles connectées au générateur haute tension et 89 à 92 pour celles connectées aux tubes à rayons X et ont la forme de manchons dans lesquels viennent s'emmancher les parties mâles. Ces manchons se terminent à l'intérieur de la boîte 84 par des plots métalliques 93 sur lesquels sont connectés les conducteurs de liaison (99) avec les plots fixes f pour la haute tension provenant du générateur haute tension et avec les éléments métalliques 48 pour la haute tension appliquée aux tubes à rayons X.As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the two half-switches 30 and 32 and their control device 54 are placed in a box 84 and fixed, for example, on the bottom 85 by means of the legs 67 to 70. This box is closed at its upper opening by a cover 86 which serves to support the rotary rod 78, the crank 83 being outside the box, and to female parts of connectors including the male parts, not shown in the figures 9 and 10, are connected to the high voltage generator 15 and to tubes A and B to X-rays. The female parts of the connectors are referenced 87 and 88 for those connected to the high-voltage generator and 89 to 92 for those connected to X-ray tubes and have the form of sleeves in which come fit the male parts. These sleeves end inside the box 84 with metal studs 93 to which the connecting conductors (99) are connected with the fixed studs f for the high voltage coming from the high voltage generator and with the metallic elements 48 for the high voltage applied to X-ray tubes.

La boîte 84 est étanche et contient de l'air sec, mais peut être remplie d'un fluide isolant de manière à améliorer l'isolation de contournement, l'isolation directe étant obtenue par les polymères à forte rigidité diélectrique qui constituent les différents éléments isolants du commutateur. Ces éléments isolants sont réalisés en des matériaux du type polymères tels que le polyéthylène, le polypropylène ou autres. Les seuls éléments métalliques sont les pattes telles que celle référencée 67, les plots fixes f et les écrous 71, les plots mobiles m, les ressorts 47 et les éléments métalliques 48 avec les écrous 71.The box 84 is waterproof and contains dry air, but can be filled with an insulating fluid so as to improve the bypass insulation, the direct insulation being obtained by the polymers with high dielectric strength which constitute the various elements. switch insulators. These insulating elements are made of materials of the polymer type such as polyethylene, polypropylene or others. The only metallic elements are the tabs such as that referenced 67, the fixed studs f and the nuts 71, the movable studs m, the springs 47 and the metallic elements 48 with the nuts 71.

Le fonctionnement du commutateur selon l'invention est le suivant; la rotation de la manivelle 83 dans le sens de la flèche 94 fait tourner la tige 78 et l'ergot 79 dans le même sens (flèche 95) de sorte que la languette 74 se déplace vers la droite (flèche 96) et il en est de même des plaquettes des dispositifs d'isolation 43 et 44. Les bras tels que ceux référencés 51, 51′ et 51˝ tournent dans le sens indiqué par les flèches 97 de sorte que le dispositif de contact mobile m de droite de chaque demi-commutateur s'écarte progressivement du plot fixe f tandis que le dispositif de contact mobile m de gauche vient en contact progressivement avec le plot fixe f. En même temps, la plaquette isolante de chaque dispositif d'isolation vient s'interposer entre les deux plots qui s'écartent mais quittent l'espace des deux plots qui viennent en contact. Chaque plaquette assure ainsi l'isolation entre les deux plots qui s'éloignent tout en permettant le contact électrique entre les deux plots qui se rapprochent.The operation of the switch according to the invention is as follows; the rotation of the crank 83 in the direction of the arrow 94 rotates the rod 78 and the lug 79 in the same direction (arrow 95) so that the tongue 74 moves to the right (arrow 96) and so is likewise the plates of the isolation devices 43 and 44. The arms such as those referenced 51, 51 ′ and 51˝ rotate in the direction indicated by the arrows 97 so that the movable contact device m on the right of each half switch gradually moves away from the stud fixed f while the movable contact device m on the left comes into progressive contact with the fixed stud f. At the same time, the insulating plate of each insulation device is interposed between the two studs which move apart but leave the space of the two studs which come into contact. Each plate thus provides insulation between the two studs which move away while allowing electrical contact between the two studs which approach.

L'invention a été décrite avec des plots fixes f connectés au générateur haute tension et des plots mobiles m connectés aux tubes à rayons X à alimenter mais le commutateur peut être utilisé de manière inverse, c'est-à-dire les plots fixes f connectés aux tubes et les plots mobiles m connectés au générateur.The invention has been described with fixed pads f connected to the high voltage generator and movable pads m connected to the X-ray tubes to be supplied, but the switch can be used in reverse, that is to say the fixed pads f connected to the tubes and the mobile studs m connected to the generator.

Comme on l'a indiqué dans la description, tous les éléments, à l'exception de ceux participant à la conduction électrique, sont en matériau isolant à grande rigidité électrique qui correspond à une tension de claquage de l'ordre de plusieurs dizaines de kilovolts par millimètre. Ce matériau isolant est, de préférence, un polymère tel qu'une polyéthylène ou un polypropylène.As indicated in the description, all the elements, with the exception of those participating in the electrical conduction, are made of insulating material with high electrical rigidity which corresponds to a breakdown voltage of the order of several tens of kilovolts per millimeter. This insulating material is preferably a polymer such as polyethylene or polypropylene.

Claims (14)

  1. High voltage selector switch with linear movement for the alternative application of a high voltage either to a first x-ray tube (A) or to a second x-ray tube (B), comprising two identical half switches (32, 30), of which each half switch comprises two input terminals and two output terminals, each input terminal being connected to a single output terminal by the intermediary of a contact device, which includes a fixed contact member (f) and a moving contact member (m), which is linearly moved into contact with the said fixed contact member (f) or is moved away from the same, the said linear movement of the two moving contact members (m) of one half switch being produced by the linear displacement of an insulating device (43, 44) in a direction perpendicular to the movement of the moving contact members (m), each half switch being characterized in that the said insulating device (43, 44) cooperates with the two moving contact members (m) in such a manner that in a first position of the insulating device a first contact device is open, whereas the second one is closed and in that in a second position of the insulating device the first contact device is closed whereas the second one is open, the opposite contact members of each open contact device being separated by a plate of insulating material which constitutes the insulating device.
  2. The switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that each insulating device is constituted by an insulating plate whose ends are chamfered in such a manner as to move into the space between the fixed contact member and the moving contact member without friction.
  3. The switch as claimed in claim 1 or in claim 2, characterized in that the two insulating devices (43, 44) of a switch are moved in synchronism by a control device (54).
  4. The switch as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the control device (54) comprises a rigid lug (74) or rod, which is fixed to the two insulating devices (43, 44), the said rod (74) being moved in one or the other direction in accordance with the x-ray tube to be supplied.
  5. The switch as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that the moving contact member (m) of each contact device of a half switch (30 or 32) is connected to the insulating device (44 or 43) by at least one arm whose ends each pivot on a shaft borne in the one case by the moving contact member and in the other case by the insulating device.
  6. The switch as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that the moving contact member (m) of each contact device of a half switch (30 or 32) cooperates with the insulating device (44 or 43) by the intermediary of a pin (54) integral with the said moving switch member (m) and an element (52) integral with the insulating device which possesses a ramp (53) in engagement with the said pin.
  7. The switch as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the moving contact member (m) of each contact device comprises a finger (46) which slides in a bearing hole (49), the end of the finger bearing the metallic contact member (45) for contact with the fixed contact member (f), whereas the base of the finger cooperates with a metallic element (48) connected with an output terminal by the intermediary of a metallic spring (47) which ensures on the one hand the thrusting movement of the finger (46) toward the fixed contact member and on the other hand the electrical connection between the contact member and the metallic element.
  8. The switch as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the finger (46) is manufactured of an insulating material and is hollow to serve to accommodate the spring (47) which comes into contact, in the interior of the finger, with the contact member (45).
  9. The switch as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two contact devices of each half switch (30 or 32) are held by two rigid insulating plates (55 and 56) which between them define an internal space filled by an insulating material.
  10. The switch as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the insulating support plates (55, 56) possess notches (58, 61) for the passage and the displacement of the insulating device (43, 44) and for the passage and the displacement of a fastener (59) for connecting the moving contact member (m) with the insulating device (43, 44).
  11. The switch as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixed contact members (f) are connected with the high voltage input terminals whereas the moving contact members (m) are connected with the input terminals of the first and of the second x-ray tubes.
  12. The switch as claimed in any one of the claims 1 through 9, characterized in that the moving contact members (m) are connected with the high voltage terminals whereas the fixed input contact members (f) are connected with the input terminals of the first and of the second x-ray tubes.
  13. The switch as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the different elements, but for those which constitute the contact means, are manufactured of a polymer.
  14. The switch as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the polymer is polyethylene or polypropylene.
EP92400331A 1991-02-08 1992-02-07 High voltage selection switch with lineair movement Expired - Lifetime EP0498738B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9101441A FR2672726B1 (en) 1991-02-08 1991-02-08 HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCH WITH LINEAR MOTION.
FR9101441 1991-02-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0498738A1 EP0498738A1 (en) 1992-08-12
EP0498738B1 true EP0498738B1 (en) 1995-03-22

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EP92400331A Expired - Lifetime EP0498738B1 (en) 1991-02-08 1992-02-07 High voltage selection switch with lineair movement

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US (1) US5197604A (en)
EP (1) EP0498738B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3294307B2 (en)
DE (1) DE69201737T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2672726B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2700657B1 (en) * 1993-01-15 1995-02-17 Gen Electric Cgr X-ray unit.
US5525769A (en) * 1994-05-16 1996-06-11 General Electric Company Inverter cut-out switch
SE9901150D0 (en) * 1999-03-30 1999-03-30 Asea Brown Boveri A switching device and its use
CN105632804A (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-06-01 通用电气公司 Switching device and power transfer and distribution system therewith

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1833173A (en) * 1928-07-10 1931-11-24 Metropolitan Device Corp Circuit breaking apparatus
FR2385216A1 (en) * 1977-03-25 1978-10-20 Stopcircuit Sa MINIATURIZED SWITCH-CIRCUIT BREAKER
DE2829860A1 (en) * 1978-07-07 1980-01-17 Hartmann & Braun Ag Rotary switch with opposite contacts - has insulating element inserted between contacts during their breaking
DE3041634A1 (en) * 1980-11-05 1982-06-09 Fritz Driescher Spezialfabrik für Elektrizitätswerksbedarf, 5144 Wegberg Breaker switch for medium voltage with arc extinction - has wall of extinction chamber which provides one of two facing extinction faces
FR2597206B1 (en) * 1986-04-15 1988-06-17 Thomson Cgr DEVICE FOR FIXING AND ADJUSTING A CHUCK HOLDER OF GRADIENT COILS
FR2601579A1 (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-01-22 Thomson Cgr EXAMINATION BED, ESPECIALLY FOR AN NMR OR TOMODENSITOMETRY APPARATUS.
FR2623996A1 (en) * 1987-12-08 1989-06-09 Thomson Csf PATIENT MONITORING DEVICE IN MEDICAL EXAMINING APPARATUS
DE3802623A1 (en) * 1988-01-29 1989-08-10 Gen Electric Cgr Deutschland G High-voltage generator
FR2643534B1 (en) * 1989-02-02 1993-09-17 Gen Electric Cgr HIGH VOLTAGE SUPPLY DEVICE FOR X-RAY TUBE
FR2655231B1 (en) * 1989-11-24 1992-02-14 Gen Electric Cgr HIGH VOLTAGE BLOCK FOR X-RAY TUBE WITH COOLING TANK INTEGRATED IN THE SECONDARY CIRCUIT.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69201737D1 (en) 1995-04-27
FR2672726A1 (en) 1992-08-14
JPH05114334A (en) 1993-05-07
EP0498738A1 (en) 1992-08-12
US5197604A (en) 1993-03-30
JP3294307B2 (en) 2002-06-24
DE69201737T2 (en) 1995-07-13
FR2672726B1 (en) 1996-09-13

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