EP0497249B1 - Array antenna, particularly for space application - Google Patents
Array antenna, particularly for space application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0497249B1 EP0497249B1 EP92101287A EP92101287A EP0497249B1 EP 0497249 B1 EP0497249 B1 EP 0497249B1 EP 92101287 A EP92101287 A EP 92101287A EP 92101287 A EP92101287 A EP 92101287A EP 0497249 B1 EP0497249 B1 EP 0497249B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna according
- array antenna
- support structure
- metal
- radiating elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
Definitions
- the invention relates to a network antenna in particular for spatial application.
- the frequencies covered range from UHF and VHF waves to millimeter waves.
- the radiating elements are individually controlled in amplitude and / or in phase, this is called an active antenna: It is indeed possible to choose the shape of the antenna radiation diagram so as, for example, to select zones very different coverage (narrow, wide or formed beam) or perform an electronic scan.
- the radiating elements which form the antenna condition the performance, the technical characteristics (mass, resistance to the environment, reliability) and the cost thereof by their intrinsic radio performance, their capacity to be networked and their technology.
- An antenna being made up of a few tens to a few thousand of such radiating elements, the unit cost of these is decisive in the overall cost of the antenna. This same type of reasoning also applies to other parameters such as mass.
- the choice of technologies is important because it simplifies the problems of adapting the antenna to its environment. For example, for space applications in geostationary orbit, it is important to be able to thermally control the antenna by simple means (thermal blankets, paints) without resorting to a demand for reheating power which affects the energy balance of the system. Under these conditions, temperature ranges as wide as -150 ° C; + 120 ° C can be obtained taking into account the thermo-optical characteristics of the surfaces.
- Such an antenna is, moreover, subjected to flows of charged particles which must neither deteriorate the materials, nor cause electrostatic discharges after accumulation on insulating areas or poorly connected to ground.
- An antenna must retain all its radioelectric qualities after having undergone the strong mechanical stresses due to launching.
- the radiating elements to constitute a network, must be joined on a supporting structure by an interface device.
- Current solutions make it possible to obtain surface masses of the order of 4.5 to 7 kg / m2.
- the object of the invention is to solve these problems.
- a network antenna for spatial application made up of radiating elements having a structure of the laminated type, characterized in that these elements are fixed to an openwork carrier structure under the radiating elements.
- the invention makes it possible to obtain radiating panels for a very low areal mass antenna.
- the proposed invention has technical and economic qualities which are particularly suitable for spatial application, although simple adjustments do not call into question possible applications in other fields.
- the radiating element is commonly called an annular slot.
- annular slot Such an element is described in the article entitled "a new circularly polarized planar antenna fed by electromagnetical coupling and its subarray" by M. Haneishi, Y. Hakura, S. Saito and T. Hasegawa ("18th European microwave conference proceeding" 12 September 15, 1988; Swiss).
- a slot 10 is made in a first ground plane 11. It is supplied by electromagnetic coupling from a propagation line 12, of the triplate type, located at a lower level between the first ground plane 11 and a second ground plane 13; this line 12 being held in position by a dielectric element 14 ′.
- the sub-network 14, shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, is formed by four radiating elements 15.
- Each radiating element 15 is formed of an annular slot 16 produced between a central disc 17 (or "patch") and an upper ground plane 18, a line 19 located at a lower level, supplying said slot 16.
- This sub-network 14 is therefore produced by a stack of conductive or insulating layers, the mass of which is minimized, while providing this sub-network with minimum mechanical characteristics for good operation.
- the ground planes are constituted by a metallic foil or by a metallized dielectric layer. The choice of materials, which constitute the ground plans of the sub-networks, is done so as to obtain, for a lesser mass, the minimum mechanical characteristics for proper operation.
- the spacing between ground planes is given by very low density materials: foam or "honeycomb” (honeycomb structure). These materials can be chosen dielectric or conductive depending on whether they are placed in places where the electromagnetic field is intense or not. These elements are assembled together by gluing to form a laminated structure of the "sandwich” type.
- this support structure 30 is perforated so as to provide interface areas 31 for fixing the sub-networks on their periphery.
- the supporting structure 30, ensuring good overall mechanical behavior of the antenna, is advantageously made using materials with high mechanical performance such as composite materials with carbon reinforcement, beryllium, or light alloys taking into account mechanical and economic constraints .
- This structure 30 can be obtained from a “sandwich” plate the size of the antenna, perforated by machining. This solution simplifies the problems of structural nodes. However, other solutions can be cited such that the assembly of profiled tubes 32 shown in FIG. 4.
- a flexible layer such as honeycomb or foam is advantageously interposed between the sub-networks and the support structure to promote their thermoelastic decoupling.
- the antenna which is a spatial antenna for communication with L-band mobiles, comprises a flat panel of 2.1 m ⁇ 2.1 m fixed at six points on a satellite platform. It is made up of 36 sub-networks of four radiating annular slots 16 each comprising a coaxial access. Each sub-network is made up of an assembly by bonding of very thin sheets of aluminum alloy constituting the ground planes with aluminum "honeycomb" in the zones having no radioelectric functions. In the zones having radioelectric functions, the aluminum "honeycomb" is replaced by dielectric "honeycomb” enclosing a copper track which makes it possible to obtain a propagation in TEM mode from the coaxial access and supply the four radiating elements by electromagnetic coupling. The thickness of aluminum foil is calculated to obtain just the stiffness and strength required.
- the supporting structure 30 is obtained by machining a “sandwich” plate with skins, in carbon fiber “Ultra High Module” (that is to say very stiff) and with an epoxy matrix, bonded to "nest of aluminum bee. The thickness of the skins is minimized to obtain the mechanical characteristics necessary to withstand the launch environment.
- the sub-networks are assembled on the supporting structure by bonding via a layer of "honeycomb".
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne une antenne réseau notamment pour application spatiale.The invention relates to a network antenna in particular for spatial application.
Une antenne réseau a la particularité de présenter une ouverture réalisée par un nombre important d'éléments rayonnants. Le rayonnement de l'antenne est alors la synthèse des rayonnements de chaque élément rayonnant. Le développement de telles antennes est récent et on leur trouve actuellement des applications dans des domaines aussi variés que :
- le contrôle du trafic aérien,
- la réception par satellite (télévision, messagerie, communication avec les mobiles),
- les antennes spatiales : télédétection et observation de la terre (radars), relais de données, antennes de télécommunications.
- air traffic control,
- satellite reception (television, messaging, communication with mobiles),
- space antennas: remote sensing and earth observation (radars), data relays, telecommunications antennas.
Les fréquences couvertes vont des ondes UHF et VHF jusqu'aux ondes millimétriques. Lorsque les éléments rayonnants sont commandés individuellement en amplitude et/ou en phase, on parle alors d'antenne active : Il est en effet possible de choisir la forme du diagramme de rayonnement de l'antenne de manière à, par exemple, sélectionner des zones de couverture très différentes (faisceau étroit, large ou formé) ou effectuer un balayage électronique.The frequencies covered range from UHF and VHF waves to millimeter waves. When the radiating elements are individually controlled in amplitude and / or in phase, this is called an active antenna: It is indeed possible to choose the shape of the antenna radiation diagram so as, for example, to select zones very different coverage (narrow, wide or formed beam) or perform an electronic scan.
Les éléments rayonnants qui forment l'antenne conditionnent les performances, les caractéristiques techniques (masse, tenue à l'environnement, fiabilité) et le coût de celle-ci par leurs performances radioélectriques intrinsèques, leur capacité à être mis en réseau et leur technologie.The radiating elements which form the antenna condition the performance, the technical characteristics (mass, resistance to the environment, reliability) and the cost thereof by their intrinsic radio performance, their capacity to be networked and their technology.
Une antenne étant constituée de quelques dizaines à quelques milliers de tels éléments rayonnants, le coût unitaire de ceux-ci est déterminant dans le coût global de l'antenne. Ce même type de raisonnement s'applique aussi à d'autres paramètres tels que la masse. Le choix des technologies est important car il permet de simplifier les problèmes d'adaptation de l'antenne à son environnement. Par exemple, pour des applications spatiales en orbite géostationnaire, il est important de pouvoir contrôler thermiquement l'antenne par des moyens simples (couvertures thermiques, peintures) sans avoir recours à une demande de puissance de réchauffage qui grêve le bilan énergétique du système. Dans ces conditions, des gammes de températures aussi larges que -150°C ; + 120°C peuvent être obtenues en tenant compte des caractéristiques thermo-optiques des surfaces. Une telle antenne est, de plus, soumise à des flux de particules chargées qui ne doivent ni détériorer les matériaux, ni provoquer de décharges électrostatiques après accumulation sur des zones isolantes ou mal reliées à la masse.An antenna being made up of a few tens to a few thousand of such radiating elements, the unit cost of these is decisive in the overall cost of the antenna. This same type of reasoning also applies to other parameters such as mass. The choice of technologies is important because it simplifies the problems of adapting the antenna to its environment. For example, for space applications in geostationary orbit, it is important to be able to thermally control the antenna by simple means (thermal blankets, paints) without resorting to a demand for reheating power which affects the energy balance of the system. Under these conditions, temperature ranges as wide as -150 ° C; + 120 ° C can be obtained taking into account the thermo-optical characteristics of the surfaces. Such an antenna is, moreover, subjected to flows of charged particles which must neither deteriorate the materials, nor cause electrostatic discharges after accumulation on insulating areas or poorly connected to ground.
Une antenne doit conserver toutes ses qualités radioélectriques après avoir subi les fortes contraintes mécaniques dues au lancement.An antenna must retain all its radioelectric qualities after having undergone the strong mechanical stresses due to launching.
Les éléments rayonnants, pour constituer un réseau, doivent être réunis sur une structure porteuse par un dispositif interface. Ces deux derniers éléments, structure porteuse et dispositif interface, doivent être optimisés en masse en tenant compte des performances en rigidité et en résistance mécanique nécessaires au lancement, ainsi que des performances en rigidité et en stabilité dimensionnelle nécessaires aux exigences radioélectriques dans le cas d'un satellite en orbite. Les solutions actuelles permettent d'obtenir des masses surfacique de l'ordre de 4,5 à 7 kg/m².The radiating elements, to constitute a network, must be joined on a supporting structure by an interface device. These last two elements, supporting structure and interface device, must be optimized in terms of mass, taking into account the rigidity and mechanical strength performance required for launching, as well as the rigidity and dimensional stability performance required for radio requirements in the case of a satellite in orbit. Current solutions make it possible to obtain surface masses of the order of 4.5 to 7 kg / m².
L'invention a pour objet de résoudre ces problèmes.The object of the invention is to solve these problems.
Elle propose à cet effet une antenne réseau pour application spatiale constituée d'éléments rayonnants ayant une structure de type stratifié, caractérisé en ce que ces éléments sont fixés sur une structure porteuse ajourée sous les éléments rayonnants.To this end, it proposes a network antenna for spatial application made up of radiating elements having a structure of the laminated type, characterized in that these elements are fixed to an openwork carrier structure under the radiating elements.
Dans une réalisation avantageuse, l'antenne réseau comprend au moins un sous-réseau formé de quatre éléments rayonnants ; chaque élément rayonnant étant formé d'une fente réalisée entre un disque central et un plan de masse supérieur, une ligne située à un niveau inférieur, alimentant ladite fente ; chaque sous-réseau comprenant différentes couches :
- un plan de masse inférieur conducteur ;
- une couche diélectrique de collage ;
- un premier élément diélectrique espaceur sur lequel est disposée une piste conductrice qui se subdivise en quatre lignes alimentant chacun des éléments rayonnants ;
- un second élément diélectrique espaceur ;
- une couche diélectrique de collage ;
- le plan de masse supérieur conducteur.
- a conductive lower ground plane;
- a dielectric bonding layer;
- a first dielectric spacer element on which is arranged a conductive track which is subdivided into four lines supplying each of the radiating elements;
- a second spacer dielectric element;
- a dielectric bonding layer;
- the upper conductive ground plane.
L'invention permet d'obtenir des panneaux rayonnants pour antenne réseau de masse surfacique très faible.The invention makes it possible to obtain radiating panels for a very low areal mass antenna.
L'invention proposée présente des qualités techniques et économiques particulièrement appropriées pour une application spatiale, bien que de simple aménagements ne remettent en cause des applications éventuelles dans d'autres domaines.The proposed invention has technical and economic qualities which are particularly suitable for spatial application, although simple adjustments do not call into question possible applications in other fields.
Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :
- la figure 1 illustre un dispositif de l'art connu ;
- les figures 2 et 3 illustrent le dispositif selon l'invention ;
- la figure 4 illustre une variante du dispositif de l'invention.
- Figure 1 illustrates a device of the known art;
- Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the device according to the invention;
- FIG. 4 illustrates a variant of the device of the invention.
L'élément rayonnant, tel que représenté sur la figure 1, est communément appelé fente annulaire. Un tel élément est décrit dans l'article intitulé "a new circularly polarised planar antenna fed by electromagnetical coupling and its subarray" de M. Haneishi, Y. Hakura, S. Saito et T. Hasegawa ("18th european microwave conference proceeding" 12-15 septembre 1988 ; Stockholm). Dans un tel élément rayonnant une fente 10 est pratiquée dans un premier plan de masse 11. Elle est alimentée par couplage électromagnétique à partir d'une ligne 12 de propagation, de type triplaque, située à un niveau inférieur entre le premier plan de masse 11 et un second plan de masse 13 ; cette ligne 12 étant maintenue en position grâce à un élément diélectrique 14′.The radiating element, as shown in FIG. 1, is commonly called an annular slot. Such an element is described in the article entitled "a new circularly polarized planar antenna fed by electromagnetical coupling and its subarray" by M. Haneishi, Y. Hakura, S. Saito and T. Hasegawa ("18th european microwave conference proceeding" 12 September 15, 1988; Stockholm). In such a radiating element a
Le sous réseau 14, représenté sur les figures 2 et 3, est formé de quatre éléments 15 rayonnants. Chaque élément rayonnant 15 est formé d'une fente annulaire 16 réalisée entre un disque central 17 (ou "patch") et un plan de masse supérieur 18, une ligne 19 située à un niveau inférieur, alimentant ladite fente 16.The
Ce sous-réseau comprend donc différentes couches :
- un plan de masse inférieur 20 (conducteur) ;
- une couche diélectrique de
collage 21 ; - un
élément conducteur espaceur 22 si nécessaire d'un point de vue mécanique ; - un premier élément
diélectrique espaceur 23 sur lequel est disposé une piste conductrice 24 qui se subdivise en quatrelignes 19 alimentant chacun des éléments rayonnants ; - un second élément
diélectrique espaceur 25 ; - une couche diélectrique de
collage 26 ; - le plan de masse supérieur (conducteur) 18.
- a lower ground plane 20 (conductor);
- a
dielectric bonding layer 21; - a
conductive spacer element 22 if necessary from a mechanical point of view; - a first
dielectric spacer element 23 on which is disposed aconductive track 24 which is subdivided into fourlines 19 supplying each of the radiating elements; - a second
dielectric spacer 25; - a
dielectric bonding layer 26; - the upper ground plane (conductor) 18.
Ce sous-réseau 14 est donc réalisé par un empilement de couches conductrices ou isolantes dont on minimise la masse, tout en procurant à ce sous-réseau des caractéristiques mécaniques minimales de bon fonctionnement. Ainsi les plans de masse sont constitués par une feuille métallique ou par une couche diélectrique métallisée. Le choix des matériaux, qui constituent les plans de masse des sous-réseaux se fait de manière à obtenir pour une moindre masse les caractéristiques mécaniques minimales pour un bon fonctionnement.This
L'écartement entre plans de masse est donné par des matériaux de très faible densité : mousse ou "nid d'abeille" (structure alvéolaire). Ces matériaux peuvent être choisis diélectriques ou conducteurs selon qu'ils sont placés à des endroits où le champ électromagnétique est intense ou non. Ces éléments sont assemblés entre eux par collage pour constituer une structure stratifiée de type "sandwich".The spacing between ground planes is given by very low density materials: foam or "honeycomb" (honeycomb structure). These materials can be chosen dielectric or conductive depending on whether they are placed in places where the electromagnetic field is intense or not. These elements are assembled together by gluing to form a laminated structure of the "sandwich" type.
Plusieurs sous-réseaux peuvent être intégrés dans un même sandwich continu sans que cela modifie l'invention.Several sub-networks can be integrated into the same continuous sandwich without this modifying the invention.
Ces sous-réseaux, dont la masse a été ainsi minimisée, sont fixés sur une structure porteuse 30 elle aussi optimisée. Comme représenté sur la figure 3, cette structure porteuse 30 est ajourée de façon à procurer des zones d'interface 31 pour fixer les sous-réseaux sur leur périphérie.These sub-networks, the mass of which has thus been minimized, are fixed on a
La structure porteuse 30, assurant un bon comportement mécanique d'ensemble de l'antenne, est avantageusement réalisée en utilisant des matériaux à hautes performances mécaniques tels que matériaux composites à renfort carbone, beryllium, ou alliages légers en tenant compte des contraintes mécaniques et économiques. Cette structure 30 peut être obtenue à partir d'une plaque "sandwich" de la dimension de l'antenne, ajourée par usinage. Cette solution simplifie les problèmes des noeuds de structure. Cependant d'autres solutions peuvent être citées telles que l'assemblage de tubes profilés 32 représenté sur la figure 4.The supporting
Les sous-réseaux étant solidarisés par collage à la structure porteuse 30, sur leur périphérie 31, on interpose avantageusement une couche souple telle que du nid d'abeille ou de la mousse entre les sous réseaux et la structure porteuse pour favoriser leur découplage thermoélastique.The sub-networks being secured by bonding to the
Dans un exemple de réalisation l'antenne, qui est une antenne spatiale de communication avec les mobiles en bande L, comporte un panneau plan de 2,1 m x 2,1 m fixé en six points sur une plateforme de satellite. Elle est constituée de 36 sous-réseaux de quatre fentes annulaires 16 rayonnantes comportant chacun un accès coaxial. Chaque sous-réseau est constitué d'un assemblage par collage de feuilles très minces d'alliage d'aluminium constituant les plans de masse avec du "nid d'abeille" aluminium dans les zones n'ayant pas de fonctions radioélectriques. Dans les zones ayant des fonctions radioélectriques, le "nid d'abeille" aluminium est remplacé par du "nid d'abeille" diélectrique enserrant une piste de cuivre qui permet d'obtenir une propagation en mode TEM depuis l'accès coaxial et d'alimenter les quatre éléments rayonnants par couplage électromagnétique. L'épaisseur de feuilles d'aluminium est calculée pour obtenir juste la rigidité et la résistance nécessaire.In an exemplary embodiment, the antenna, which is a spatial antenna for communication with L-band mobiles, comprises a flat panel of 2.1 m × 2.1 m fixed at six points on a satellite platform. It is made up of 36 sub-networks of four radiating
La structure porteuse 30 est obtenue par usinage d'une plaque "sandwich" à peaux, en fibre de carbone "Ultra Haut Module" (c'est-à-dire très raides) et à matrice époxy, collées sur du "nid d'abeille" aluminium. L'épaisseur des peaux est minimisée pour obtenir les caractéristiques mécaniques nécessaires pour la tenue à l'environnement de lancement. Les sous-réseaux sont assemblés sur la structure porteuse par collage par l'intermédiaire d'une couche de "nid d'abeille".The supporting
Ces technologies pouvant supporter une grande variation de températures, un contrôle thermique simple est utilisé : peinture blanche en face avant de l'antenne appliquée sur les sous-réseaux et super-isolation multicouche tendue en face arrière sur la structure porteuse.Since these technologies can withstand a wide variation in temperatures, a simple thermal control is used: white paint on the front face of the antenna applied to the sub-arrays and multilayer super-insulation stretched on the rear face on the supporting structure.
Ces différents éléments ainsi que les câbles coaxiaux d'alimentation étant pris en compte dans le dimensionnement mécanique, on peut obtenir une masse surfacique totale (hors câble coaxiaux) inférieure à 3 kg/m².These different elements as well as the coaxial power cables being taken into account in the mechanical design, a total surface mass (excluding coaxial cables) of less than 3 kg / m² can be obtained.
En utilisant des matériaux encore plus performants tels que le beryllium, des composites à matrice métallique, et des composites fibres de carbone UHM à matrice organique utilisés avec des plis de faible épaisseur (inférieure ou égale à 25 »m), on peut envisager d'obtenir une masse surfacique totale (hors câbles coaxiaux) de l'ordre de 2,3 kg/m².By using even more efficient materials such as beryllium, metal matrix composites, and UHM carbon fiber composites with organic matrix used with thin plies (less than or equal to 25 "m), it is possible to consider obtain a total surface mass (excluding coaxial cables) of the order of 2.3 kg / m².
Claims (12)
- An array antenna, in particular for space applications, the antenna being constituted by radiating elements (15) having a stratified type structure and collected together in groups to form subarrays (14) which are disposed on the surface of a support structure (30), the antenna being characterized in that said support structure (30) has openings beneath the radiating elements (15) and is designed to provide interface zones for fixing to the peripheries of the subarrays.
- An array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that each subarray (14) comprises four radiating elements (15); each radiating element (15) being constituted by a slot (16) extending between a central disk (17) and an upper ground plane (18), with a transmission line (19) situated at a lower level feeding said slot (16).
- An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that each subarray (14) comprises various different layers:
a conductive lower ground plane (20);
a dielectric adhesive layer (21);
a first dielectric spacer (23) on which a conductive track (24) is disposed which is split into four transmission lines (19) each feeding one of the radiating elements;
a second dielectric spacer (25);
a dielectric adhesion layer (26); and
an upper conductive ground plane (18). - An antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the conductive layers are metal layers or metal-plated dielectric layers or composite layers having metal matrices.
- An antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the subarrays (14) are glued to the support structure (30) at their peripheries.
- An array antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that the subarrays (14) are glued to the support structure (30) via an intermediate layer of honeycomb or foam.
- An array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (30) is made from a sandwich plate which is provided with openings by machining.
- An array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that the sandwich plate includes skins of composite material comprising carbon reinforcement and a matrix that is organic or metallic.
- An array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that the sandwich plate has metal skins.
- An array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (30) is obtained by assembling shaped tubes (32).
- An array antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that the shaped tubes (32) are made of composite materials comprising carbon reinforcement and a matrix that is organic or metallic.
- An array antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that the shaped tubes (32) are made of metal or metal alloy.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9101153 | 1991-02-01 | ||
| FR9101153A FR2672438B1 (en) | 1991-02-01 | 1991-02-01 | NETWORK ANTENNA IN PARTICULAR FOR SPATIAL APPLICATION. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0497249A1 EP0497249A1 (en) | 1992-08-05 |
| EP0497249B1 true EP0497249B1 (en) | 1995-04-05 |
Family
ID=9409277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92101287A Expired - Lifetime EP0497249B1 (en) | 1991-02-01 | 1992-01-27 | Array antenna, particularly for space application |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5724048A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0497249B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04312003A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69201885T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2072028T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2672438B1 (en) |
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| US5870063A (en) * | 1996-03-26 | 1999-02-09 | Lockheed Martin Corp. | Spacecraft with modular communication payload |
| FR2753569B1 (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1998-10-09 | Alcatel Espace | RADIANT ELEMENT DEVICE |
| JP3014675B2 (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2000-02-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Antenna device |
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| US6825817B2 (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2004-11-30 | Raytheon Company | Dielectric interconnect frame incorporating EMI shield and hydrogen absorber for tile T/R modules |
| US7461444B2 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2008-12-09 | Deaett Michael A | Method for constructing antennas from textile fabrics and components |
| US7342801B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2008-03-11 | Harris Corporation | Printed wiring board with enhanced structural integrity |
| US7619571B2 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2009-11-17 | Nokia Corporation | Antenna component and assembly |
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| US7671696B1 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2010-03-02 | Raytheon Company | Radio frequency interconnect circuits and techniques |
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| US11437731B2 (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2022-09-06 | Metawave Corporation | Method and apparatus for a passive radiating and feed structure |
| US11437732B2 (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2022-09-06 | Raytheon Company | Modular and stackable antenna array |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4208660A (en) * | 1977-11-11 | 1980-06-17 | Raytheon Company | Radio frequency ring-shaped slot antenna |
| FR2523376A1 (en) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-09-16 | Labo Electronique Physique | RADIATION ELEMENT OR HYPERFREQUENCY SIGNAL RECEIVER WITH LEFT AND RIGHT CIRCULAR POLARIZATIONS AND FLAT ANTENNA COMPRISING A NETWORK OF SUCH JUXTAPOSED ELEMENTS |
| JPS6010806A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-01-21 | Natl Space Dev Agency Japan<Nasda> | Microstrip array antenna |
| JPS6010805A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-01-21 | Natl Space Dev Agency Japan<Nasda> | Microstrip array antenna |
| US5086304A (en) * | 1986-08-13 | 1992-02-04 | Integrated Visual, Inc. | Flat phased array antenna |
| US4829309A (en) * | 1986-08-14 | 1989-05-09 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Planar antenna |
| JPH01103006A (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1989-04-20 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Plane antenna |
| DE3738506A1 (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1989-06-01 | Dornier System Gmbh | ANTENNA STRUCTURE |
| US5030961A (en) * | 1990-04-10 | 1991-07-09 | Ford Aerospace Corporation | Microstrip antenna with bent feed board |
-
1991
- 1991-02-01 FR FR9101153A patent/FR2672438B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-01-27 EP EP92101287A patent/EP0497249B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-01-27 ES ES92101287T patent/ES2072028T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-01-27 DE DE69201885T patent/DE69201885T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-01-30 JP JP4015489A patent/JPH04312003A/en active Pending
- 1992-01-30 US US07/828,012 patent/US5724048A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2672438A1 (en) | 1992-08-07 |
| DE69201885T2 (en) | 1995-08-03 |
| ES2072028T3 (en) | 1995-07-01 |
| US5724048A (en) | 1998-03-03 |
| FR2672438B1 (en) | 1993-09-17 |
| DE69201885D1 (en) | 1995-05-11 |
| EP0497249A1 (en) | 1992-08-05 |
| JPH04312003A (en) | 1992-11-04 |
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