EP0491658B1 - Method and apparatus to deform a sheet material into a wave form - Google Patents

Method and apparatus to deform a sheet material into a wave form Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0491658B1
EP0491658B1 EP91810955A EP91810955A EP0491658B1 EP 0491658 B1 EP0491658 B1 EP 0491658B1 EP 91810955 A EP91810955 A EP 91810955A EP 91810955 A EP91810955 A EP 91810955A EP 0491658 B1 EP0491658 B1 EP 0491658B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
row
shaping tools
shaping
tools
rows
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91810955A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0491658A1 (en
Inventor
Roman Traber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koerber Pharma Packaging AG
Original Assignee
Dividella AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dividella AG filed Critical Dividella AG
Publication of EP0491658A1 publication Critical patent/EP0491658A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0491658B1 publication Critical patent/EP0491658B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/42—Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks
    • B65D5/44—Integral, inserted or attached portions forming internal or external fittings
    • B65D5/50—Internal supporting or protecting elements for contents
    • B65D5/5028—Elements formed separately from the container body
    • B65D5/5035—Paper elements
    • B65D5/5078—Pockets whereby the articles are inserted into the pockets, e.g. inverted U-shaped elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D13/00—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form
    • B21D13/02—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form by pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D5/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles
    • B31D5/0004—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making inserts, e.g. partitions, for boxes
    • B31D5/0008—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making inserts, e.g. partitions, for boxes the inserts having recesses for holding ampoules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/20—Corrugating; Corrugating combined with laminating to other layers
    • B31F1/24—Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed
    • B31F1/247—Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed by reciprocating members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F5/00—Attaching together sheets, strips or webs; Reinforcing edges
    • B31F5/04—Attaching together sheets, strips or webs; Reinforcing edges by exclusive use of adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/42—Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks
    • B65D5/44—Integral, inserted or attached portions forming internal or external fittings
    • B65D5/50—Internal supporting or protecting elements for contents
    • B65D5/5028—Elements formed separately from the container body
    • B65D5/5035—Paper elements
    • B65D5/508—Combination of U-shaped and inverted U-shaped elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
    • Y10T156/1025—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina to form undulated to corrugated sheet and securing to base with parts of shaped areas out of contact
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for undulating deformation of a flat material blank according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • BE-A-548 274 describes a device in which two parallel shaft parts can be produced directly within one package. The lower rows of molds are retracted in an arcuate movement or extended again after the deformation, while the upper rows of prismatic molds can be lowered in a vertical movement.
  • a major disadvantage of the known methods and devices is that the distance or the spaces between the individual molding tools of a row always remain the same.
  • the distance corresponds to the size of the finished shaft part, which inevitably leads to a relative displacement between the end faces of the molding tools and the material cut during the deformation process.
  • the absolute length of the material cut shortens with increasing deformation, which leads to friction on the forming tools.
  • the possible uses of the previously known devices were therefore extremely limited.
  • FR-A-1,259,214 (prior art as specified in the preamble of claims 1 and 8) describes a method in which a plurality of shafts are formed simultaneously in a plate, the molding tools being pressed against one another and being pushed together at the same time.
  • the device described is not suitable for deforming small material blanks, for example within a packaging line.
  • the process should also enable high cycle times and be relatively easy to integrate into a higher-level work process.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device for carrying out the method, which works with simple technical means in a small space. From a procedural point of view, this task is accomplished with a method according to the patent claim Tent claim 1 and solved in terms of device with a device according to claim 8.
  • a particularly efficient way of working can be achieved if at least one movable row of molding tools is pushed or pivoted from a loading position, in which a flat material blank is placed on the end faces of the molding tools, into a deformation position, in which the moving row of a stationary row of Forming tools faces, and when after the deformation of the material blank, the movable row with the deformed material blank is pushed or pivoted into at least one delivery position in which the material blank is delivered.
  • the displacement of the molding tools advantageously takes place uniformly relative to a plane of symmetry which runs transversely to the material blank and parallel to the molding tools.
  • the molds are thus moved uniformly from both sides against the plane of symmetry. This considerably simplifies the control of the movement sequence. In certain cases, however, it would also be conceivable to push the molding tools together only in one direction.
  • the pushing together movement for the molds of the two rows is particularly easy to control when they are through one traction mechanism gear with traction mechanisms running in parallel.
  • the traction mechanism gear which can be, for example, a toothed belt, a cable pull or the like, brings about an absolutely uniform movement of the mold tools attached to it.
  • the actual drive of the molds is advantageously carried out indirectly or directly via a crank mechanism.
  • the movement that is carried out in the meandering deformity of the flat blank can thus be mechanically reproduced.
  • the drive could also take place via electronically controlled electric motors, via a cam mechanism or the like.
  • the deformed material blank In many cases it is necessary to stabilize the deformed material blank by connecting it to a carrier blank. This is preferably done in the delivery position, where a carrier blank can be provided in each case.
  • the deformed material blank can be coated with an adhesive in a coating position lying between the deformation position and the dispensing position.
  • the material blank is preferably held in place by vacuum on the front side of the movable row of molding tools.
  • the transport can take place in a rotational movement in that at least one movable row of shaping tools is fastened to a rotor which starts at individual work stations in cycles.
  • the movable row of molding tools could also gradually move to individual work stations in a linear movement and then return to the starting position.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 schematically show a stationary row 2 of molds 4 and a movable row 3 of molds 5.
  • the molds are arranged parallel to each other and have a prismatic configuration.
  • the cross-sectional shape and the length of these molding tools must of course be adapted to the shaft part to be produced.
  • the facing end faces 6, 6 'of the two rows of molds are in the starting position on one level. This level is practically formed by the flat material blank 1, which is not shown here for reasons of better clarity.
  • the reference numeral 8 indicates a plane of symmetry which runs transverse to the flat material blank and parallel to the molding tools.
  • the stationary row 2 is moved in the direction of arrow a, i.e. pressed parallel to the plane of symmetry 8 against the movable row 3 of molding tools.
  • the movable row could also be pressed against the stationary row, or both rows could be moved uniformly against one another. Simultaneously to this movement, however, the two rows of molding tools 4 and 5 are pushed together in the direction of arrow b towards the plane of symmetry 8. The middle movable molding tool 5m remains in the plane of symmetry.
  • FIG. 3 shows the molding tools in the end position in which the material blank is completely deformed.
  • the relative sequence of movements between a movable mold 5 and a stationary mold 4 is shown again in FIG.
  • the flank 10 of the stationary mold 4 with its tool edge 52 moves in a circular arc movement with the radius R against the flank 9 of the movable one Forming tool 5.
  • the radius R corresponds to the distance D between the two forming tools 4 and 5 and at the same time the height H of the desired deformation.
  • a in the plane of the end faces 6 and 6 'lying material cut evidently experiences no relative displacement to the end faces in this movement.
  • a deformation station with the various drive and transmission systems is described with reference to FIG. 5.
  • two parallel guide rods 12 and 12 ' are fixedly mounted.
  • a fixed holder 15 which carries a fixed molding tool 5m.
  • the remaining movable molds 5 are arranged on displaceable lower holders 16 which are displaceable along the guide rods 12 and 12 '.
  • a frame 11 is fixedly arranged in the rotating area of the rotor blade 64.
  • This frame carries the stationary molds 4.
  • the movable guide rods can be moved downward on the parallel guides 14, 14 'in the direction of arrow a.
  • the stationary molding tools 4 are fastened to the ends of the movable upper holders 20.
  • a drive crank 27 is arranged on the right side. This drive crank engages in a vertical fork 33 which is provided at the top and bottom with thrust elements 65 and 65 '. The function of these thrust elements is explained below with reference to FIG. 9.
  • a lower traction mechanism 17 is arranged in the displacement area of the movable lower holder. This consists of a first parallel belt 18 and a second parallel belt 19. A parallel belt is provided for each symmetrical pair of movable holders. In the present case it two pairs, the diameter of the pulleys 50, 50 'and 53, 53' are determined according to the distance to be covered by the holder. Each pair of holders is connected at a connection point 30 to the upper and the lower run of a parallel belt.
  • a rotary movement of the drive crank 27 obviously causes a pushing movement of the thrust elements 65, the holder 16r being pushed onto a driver 29 and setting the traction mechanism 17 in motion, and thereby all movable lower holders being set in motion simultaneously.
  • the upper traction mechanism 21 is set in motion via the thrust element 65 '.
  • the upper traction mechanism 21 consists of the two pairs of pulleys 54, 54 'and 55, 55', which in turn carry a first and a second parallel belt 22 and 23, respectively.
  • the movable upper holders 20 When the upper traction mechanism transmission is actuated, the movable upper holders 20 likewise perform a uniform collapsing movement, although they can still move downward in the direction of arrow a.
  • the drive crank 27 also engages in a lower horizontal fork 32 which is attached to a vertical transmission rod 36.
  • This transmission rod is guided on the guides 35, 35 '.
  • An upper horizontal fork 31 is arranged at the upper end of the transmission rod 36.
  • This is operatively connected to a rocker arm 26 which is articulated on the frame 11.
  • the rocker arm 26 has the function of a one-sided lever in that it also engages in an angle fork 34. With this gearbox the vertical Thrust movement of the transmission rod 36 with a certain reduction ratio on the movable guide rods 13, 13 'transmitted.
  • Figure 6 shows the position of the molds analogous to the position in Figure 2.
  • the two forks 32 and 33 cause a simultaneous horizontal and vertical pushing movement.
  • the horizontal thrust movement causes all the molds to be pushed together via the two traction mechanism gears, and the vertical thrust movement causes the stationary molds to be lowered between the movable molds.
  • the material blank 1 is already partially deformed, but there is no displacement to the end faces of the molding tools.
  • Figure 7 shows the end position of the molds.
  • the drive crank 27 has a movement of 90 ° from the horizontal to the vertical. With reference to FIG. 4, this movement corresponds to the path that a tool edge 52 travels until the material blank is completely deformed. This route can of course be changed depending on the desired cross-sectional shape of the deformation or the molds. From Figure 7 it can also be seen that above the rocker arm 26, the movable guide rods 13, 13 'in the parallel guide 14, 14' have been moved to the lowest position. Different path lengths are of course also possible here, depending on the gear ratio.
  • the push crank gear allows the adjustment of individual parameters in the simplest way.
  • FIG. 8 shows a device with several work stations, in which a deformation station 39 is constructed approximately according to the principle of the device according to FIG. 5.
  • a total of four movable rows 3 of molds are arranged on the rotor blades 64 of a rotor 37 in a uniform angular division.
  • the rotor can be rotated in the direction of the arrow d and thus leads the moving rows to different work stations in cycles. A certain movement is carried out simultaneously at each work station.
  • the end faces 6 of the movable molding tools 5 are provided with openings 7. These openings are operatively connected to a vacuum source, not shown here. As a result, the material blanks 1 are held on the lower row of molding tools, regardless of the relative position of the molding tools.
  • a loading station 38 flat material blanks 1 are lifted from a stack 46 and placed on the movable row of molding tools in the loading position by a mechanism (not shown here). After a rotation of 90 °, these molding tools arrive at the deformation station 39, where they are exactly parallel under the stationary row 2. In this position, the material cut is deformed according to the principle described above.
  • the now deformed material blank arrives at a coating station 40, at which an adhesive spray head 42 is arranged.
  • This spray head sprays the underside of the blank with an adhesive.
  • the lower mold tools naturally remain in the collapsed position which they have assumed at the deformation station 39.
  • another suitable device for applying an adhesive could also be provided.
  • the material blank arrives at the delivery station 41, which lies in the plane of movement of a conveyor belt 43.
  • carrier blanks 44 are fed in the direction of the arrow and are removed from a stack 45.
  • the pushed-together lower forming tools are lowered somewhat, so that the deformed material blank 1 is pressed onto the carrier blank 44 with the adhesive coating.
  • the active connection to the vacuum source is interrupted by a corresponding control and the molds are withdrawn again.
  • a finished shaft part 47 leaves the work station in the next cycle and can be processed further in a packaging line.
  • the movable molding tools are moved apart again until they have assumed their starting position.
  • This device works extremely efficiently and can be integrated into a packaging line in a space-saving manner, the production of the shaft parts 47 being able to keep up with the filling cycle without further ado.
  • other work stations could also be provided in the area of the rotating body 37. It would also be conceivable to omit the coating station 40 and instead to coat the carrier blanks 44 with adhesive.
  • FIG. 9 shows, in a highly simplified manner, the rotor control, which serves to actuate the molding tools synchronously with the rotary movement of the rotor.
  • each rotor blade 64 is assigned a push rod 28, at the end of which a fork 63 is arranged.
  • Each fork 63 engages in the driver 29 ( Figure 5) for pushing the traction mechanism.
  • the control disc 51 is in total three different Lower segments.
  • a closing segment 60 is fixed and extends over a sector of approximately 180 °.
  • An opening segment 62 is arranged axially offset on the rotor axis, which is also fixed, but which can be adjusted in the direction of arrow f during operation.
  • the opening segment 62 extends over a sector of slightly less than 90 °.
  • the remaining sector area of the control disk 51 is covered by a thrust segment 61 which is firmly connected to the thrust element 65 and to the vertical fork 33.
  • the push segment 61 can be moved from an open position in which it corresponds to the open segment 62 into a closed position in which it corresponds to the closed segment 60.
  • the following process takes place when the rotor is rotated in the direction of arrow d: the engagement element 49 rests on the opening segment 62 at the charging station 38.
  • the movable molding tools 5 then have the position shown in FIG. 5, in which they are equipped with a material blank 1.
  • the molding tools remain in this open position, since the engagement member 49 must first grip the opening segment 62 until it is transferred to the narrow subsector of the thrust segment 61.
  • the rotor blade in question has reached the deformation station 39 and the movable molds are exactly opposite the stationary molds 4.
  • the material blank is now deformed by actuating the drive crank 27 and thereby pushing the push segment 61 from the opening segment 62 to the closing segment 60.
  • the upper and lower traction mechanism gears 17 and 21 are actuated and the molding tools perform the movement already described.
  • the rotor is turned a quarter turn, wherein the engaging member 49 changes over to the closing segment 60, so that the molding tools are held in the closed position.
  • the coating station 40 is reached.
  • the rotor is rotated further by 90 °, the engagement member 49 still abutting the closing segment 60. Only after the deformed material blank 1 has been connected to a carrier blank 44 and after a further rotational movement of the rotor by a few angular degrees is the engagement member 49 in turn transferred to the larger subsector of the thrust segment 61, which still remains in the same position.
  • FIG. 10 shows a typical shaft part 47, which is produced according to the method according to the invention.
  • the material blank 1 has a regular, meandering configuration and is slightly narrower than the carrier blank 44.
  • a honeycomb-shaped structure can be produced by compressing the shafts, as shown in FIG.
  • the individual honeycombs 57 can be filled with objects 56, which are packed in a shockproof manner in this way (FIG. 11).
  • Figure 12 shows a further modified configuration of a shaft part, in which the material blank 1 has sections 58, 58 'with a different cross-sectional shape.
  • the material blank 1 is previously provided with incisions 59 so that the side walls of the sections 58, 58 'can be erected.
  • the molding tools would of course also have to have a corresponding configuration.
  • the incisions 59 can also be used to cut out foldable webs from the individual chambers in order to achieve the fixation of an object.
  • a material web could be cut out close to the two front openings of a chamber, which is folded over after filling against the center of the chamber, as a result of which the object 56 receives a stop at both ends.
  • An example of such webs 66 is shown on the outermost left honeycomb.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

To deform a sheet material into a wave form, a fixed row (2) of form tools (4) is pressed against a movable row (3) of form tools (5). The form tools of the two rows are in addition simultaneously pushed together, thus reflecting the shortening of the material during the deformation. This ensures that no relative displacement between the material and the end faces (6, 6') of the form tools (4 and 5) takes place even if there are a plurality of shafts with a relatively great height. The movable row of form tools is arranged on a rotor while the fixed row is secured at a work station in the range of rotation of the rotor. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum wellenartigen Deformieren eines flächigen Materialzuschnitts gemäss dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 8.The invention relates to a method for undulating deformation of a flat material blank according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 8.

Die Herstellung wellenartiger Flächengebilde ist seit langer Zeit bekannt und gebräuchlich und wird zu ganz unterschiedlichen Zwecken eingesetzt. Ein Hauptanwendungsgebiet ist die Verpackungstechnik, wo Wellenteile zum Fixieren länglicher Gegenstände wie z.B. Ampullen, Kugelschreiber usw. benötigt werden. Wellenteile können in einem kontinuierlichen Arbeitsprozess aus einem Flächengebilde ab Rolle hergestellt werden. Die einzelnen Wellenteile müssen anschliessend auf eine bestimmte Länge abgelängt werden. Derartige Vorrichtungen lassen sich jedoch nicht in Verpackungslinien integrieren, da der Herstellungstakt für die Wellenteile in der Regel nicht mit dem Abfülltakt der Verpackungslinie übereinstimmt.The production of wave-like flat structures has been known and used for a long time and is used for very different purposes. A main area of application is packaging technology, where shaft parts for fixing elongated objects such as Ampoules, pens, etc. are needed. Shaft parts can be manufactured in a continuous work process from a flat structure from a roll. The individual shaft parts must then be cut to a certain length. However, such devices cannot be integrated into packaging lines, since the production cycle for the shaft parts generally does not match the filling cycle of the packaging line.

Es sind allerdings auch bereits Verfahren und Vorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen das Wellenteil nicht ab Rolle, sondern aus einem Zuschnitt in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang hergestellt wird. So beschreibt z.B. die BE-A-548 274 eine Vorrichtung, bei welcher zwei parallele Wellenteile unmittelbar innerhalb einer Verpackung hergestellt werden können. Die unteren Reihen von Formwerkzeugen werden dabei in einer bogenförmigen Bewegung eingefahren bzw. nach der Deformation wieder ausgefahren, während die oberen Reihen von prismatischen Formwerkzeugen in einer vertikalen Bewegung abgesenkt werden können.However, methods and devices are already known in which the shaft part is not produced from a roll but from a blank in a single operation. For example, BE-A-548 274 describes a device in which two parallel shaft parts can be produced directly within one package. The lower rows of molds are retracted in an arcuate movement or extended again after the deformation, while the upper rows of prismatic molds can be lowered in a vertical movement.

Ein wesentlicher Nachteil der bekannten Verfahren und Vorrichtungen besteht darin, dass die Distanz bzw. die Zwischenräume zwischen den einzelnen Formwerkzeugen einer Reihe stets gleich bleibt. Die Distanz entspricht dem Mass des fertigen Wellenteils, was während des Deformationsprozesses zwangsläufig zu einer Relativverschiebung zwischen den Stirnflächen der Formwerkzeuge und dem Materialzuschnitt führt. Die absolute Länge des Materialzuschnitts verkürzt sich ja mit zunehmender Deformation, was zu einer Reibung auf den Verformungswerkzeugen führt. Je mehr Wellen nebeneinander liegen und je höher die Wellen sind, desto grösser ist ersichtlicherweise die Verkürzung und die Reibung zwischen Werkzeug und Werkstück. Die Einsatzmöglichkeiten der bisher bekannten Vorrichtungen waren daher äusserst beschränkt.A major disadvantage of the known methods and devices is that the distance or the spaces between the individual molding tools of a row always remain the same. The distance corresponds to the size of the finished shaft part, which inevitably leads to a relative displacement between the end faces of the molding tools and the material cut during the deformation process. The absolute length of the material cut shortens with increasing deformation, which leads to friction on the forming tools. The more shafts lie next to each other and the higher the shafts, the greater the reduction and the friction between the tool and the workpiece. The possible uses of the previously known devices were therefore extremely limited.

Zum Herstellen wellenförmiger Blechplatten sind bereits Verfahren und Vorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen eine Reibung zwischen Werkzeug und Werkstück vermieden wird. So zeigt z.B. die FR-A-1,259,214 (Stand der Technik, wie im Oberbegriff der Ansprüche 1 und 8 angegeben) ein Verfahren, bei dem simultan mehrere Wellen in eine Platte geformt werden, wobei die Formwerkzeuge gegeneinander gepresst und gleichzeitig zusammengeschoben werden. Die beschriebene Vorrichtung eignet sich jedoch nicht dazu, kleine Materialzuschnitte beispielsweise innerhalb einer Verpackungslinie zu deformieren.Methods and devices are known for producing corrugated sheet metal plates in which friction between the tool and the workpiece is avoided. For example, FR-A-1,259,214 (prior art as specified in the preamble of claims 1 and 8) describes a method in which a plurality of shafts are formed simultaneously in a plate, the molding tools being pressed against one another and being pushed together at the same time. However, the device described is not suitable for deforming small material blanks, for example within a packaging line.

Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das auf rationelle Weise die Deformation eines flächigen Materialzuschnitts ohne Relativverschiebung zu den prismatischen Formwerkzeugen ermöglicht. Das Verfahren soll ausserdem hohe Taktzeiten ermöglichen und sich relativ leicht in einen übergeordneten Arbeitsprozess integrieren lassen. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zu schaffen, die bei geringem Platzbedarf mit einfachen technischen Mitteln arbeitet. Diese Aufgabe wird in verfahrensmässiger Hinsicht mit einem Verfahren gemäss Patentanspruch tentanspruch 1 und in vorrichtungsmässiger Hinsicht mit einer Vorrichtung gemäss Patentanspruch 8 gelöst.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset which, in a rational manner, enables the deformation of a flat material blank without a displacement relative to the prismatic molding tools. The process should also enable high cycle times and be relatively easy to integrate into a higher-level work process. Another object of the invention is to provide a device for carrying out the method, which works with simple technical means in a small space. From a procedural point of view, this task is accomplished with a method according to the patent claim Tent claim 1 and solved in terms of device with a device according to claim 8.

Durch das simultane Zusammenschieben der Formwerkzeuge beim planparallelen Gegeneinanderbewegen der oberen und der unteren Reihe folgen die Formwerkzeuge praktisch jeder einzelnen Sequenz der Deformation. An den Stirnseiten der Formwerkzeuge erfolgt keine Relativverschiebung, da diese die absolute Verkürzung des Materialzuschnitts nachvollziehen. Ersichtlicherweise können so Wellenteile mit mehreren, relativ hohen Wellen hergestellt werden, ohne dass es zu Zugspannungen im Materialzuschnitt kommt.By simultaneously pushing the molds together while moving the upper and lower rows parallel to each other, the molds follow practically every single sequence of the deformation. There is no relative displacement on the end faces of the molding tools, since they understand the absolute shortening of the material cut. As can be seen, shaft parts with several, relatively high shafts can be produced without tensile stresses in the material blank.

Es lässt sich eine besonders rationelle Arbeitsweise erreichen, wenn wenigstens eine bewegliche Reihe von Formwerkzeugen aus einer Ladeposition, in der ein flächiger Materialzuschnitt auf die Stirnseiten der Formwerkzeuge plaziert wird, in eine Verformungsposition geschoben oder geschwenkt wird, in welcher die bewegliche Reihe einer stationären Reihe von Formwerkzeugen gegenübersteht, und wenn nach der Deformation des Materialzuschnitts die bewegliche Reihe mit dem deformierten Materialzuschnitt in wenigstens eine Abgabeposition geschoben oder geschwenkt wird, in welcher der Materialzuschnitt abgegeben wird.A particularly efficient way of working can be achieved if at least one movable row of molding tools is pushed or pivoted from a loading position, in which a flat material blank is placed on the end faces of the molding tools, into a deformation position, in which the moving row of a stationary row of Forming tools faces, and when after the deformation of the material blank, the movable row with the deformed material blank is pushed or pivoted into at least one delivery position in which the material blank is delivered.

Die Verschiebung der Formwerkzeuge erfolgt vorteilhaft gleichförmig relativ zu einer Symmetrieebene, die quer zum Materialzuschnitt und parallel zu den Formwerkzeugen verläuft. Die Formwerkzeuge werden derart gleichförmig von beiden Seiten her gegen die Symmetrieebene bewegt. Die Steuerung des Bewegungsablaufs wird dadurch erheblich vereinfacht. Es wäre aber in bestimmten Fällen auch denkbar, die Formwerkzeuge nur in eine Richtung zusammenzuschieben.The displacement of the molding tools advantageously takes place uniformly relative to a plane of symmetry which runs transversely to the material blank and parallel to the molding tools. The molds are thus moved uniformly from both sides against the plane of symmetry. This considerably simplifies the control of the movement sequence. In certain cases, however, it would also be conceivable to push the molding tools together only in one direction.

Besonders einfach lässt sich die Zusammenschiebebewegung für die Formwerkzeuge der beiden Reihen steuern, wenn diese durch je ein Zugmittelgetriebe mit parallel laufenden Zugmitteln verschoben werden. Das Zugmittelgetriebe, das z.B. ein Zahnriemen, ein Seilzug oder dergleichen sein kann, bewirkt eine absolut gleichförmige Bewegung der daran befestigten Formwerkzeuge.The pushing together movement for the molds of the two rows is particularly easy to control when they are through one traction mechanism gear with traction mechanisms running in parallel. The traction mechanism gear, which can be, for example, a toothed belt, a cable pull or the like, brings about an absolutely uniform movement of the mold tools attached to it.

Der eigentliche Antrieb der Formwerkzeuge erfolgt vorteilhaft mittelbar oder unmittelbar über ein Kurbelgetriebe. Damit kann mechanisch die Bewegung nachvollzogen werden, die bei der mäanderförmigen Deformatin des flächigen Zuschnitts ausgeführt wird. Selbstverständlich könnte der Antrieb aber auch über elektronisch gesteuerte Elektromotoren, über ein Kurvengetriebe oder dergleichen erfolgen.The actual drive of the molds is advantageously carried out indirectly or directly via a crank mechanism. The movement that is carried out in the meandering deformity of the flat blank can thus be mechanically reproduced. Of course, the drive could also take place via electronically controlled electric motors, via a cam mechanism or the like.

In vielen Fällen ist es erforderlich, den deformierten Materialzuschnitt durch Verbindung mit einem Trägerzuschnitt zu stabilisieren. Dies erfolgt vorzugsweise in der Abgabeposition, wo jeweils ein Trägerzuschnitt bereitgestellt werden kann. Der deformierte Materialzuschnitt kann dabei in einer zwischen der Verformungsposition und der Abgabeposition liegenden Beschichtungsposition mit einem Klebstoff beschichtet werden. Während des Transportes zu den verschiedenen Positionen wird der Materialzuschnitt vorzugsweise durch Vakuum auf der Stirnseite der beweglichen Reihe von Formwerkzeugen festgehalten. Der Transport kann in einer Rotationsbewegung erfolgen, indem wenigstens eine bewegliche Reihe von Formwerkzeugen an einem Rotor befestigt ist, der taktweise einzelne Arbeitsstationen anläuft. Alternativ könnte die bewegliche Reihe von Formwerkzeugen aber auch in einer linearen Bewegung schrittweise einzelne Arbeitsstationen anlaufen und dann wieder in die Ausgangsstellung zurückkehren.In many cases it is necessary to stabilize the deformed material blank by connecting it to a carrier blank. This is preferably done in the delivery position, where a carrier blank can be provided in each case. The deformed material blank can be coated with an adhesive in a coating position lying between the deformation position and the dispensing position. During the transport to the various positions, the material blank is preferably held in place by vacuum on the front side of the movable row of molding tools. The transport can take place in a rotational movement in that at least one movable row of shaping tools is fastened to a rotor which starts at individual work stations in cycles. Alternatively, the movable row of molding tools could also gradually move to individual work stations in a linear movement and then return to the starting position.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird nachstehend genauer beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Figuren 1 bis 3
den Bewegungsablauf der Formwerkzeuge während der Deformation eines Zuschnitts in drei verschiedenen Positionen,
Figur 4
den Bewegungsablauf an zwei benachbarten Formwerkzeugen in stark vergrösserter Darstellung,
Figuren 5 bis 7
eine Verformungsstation zum Deformieren eines flächigen Materialzuschnitts in stark vereinfachter Darstellungsweise in den drei verschiedenen Arbeitspositionen gemäss den Figuren 1 bis 3,
Figur 8
eine perspektivische Gesamtdarstellung eines Rotors mit mehreren Arbeitsstationen,
Figur 9
eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Rotorsteuerung, und
Figuren 10 bis 12
verschiedene Wellenteile, die nach dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren hergestellt sind.
An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it:
Figures 1 to 3
the movement of the molds during the deformation of a blank in three different positions,
Figure 4
the movement sequence on two adjacent molds in a greatly enlarged representation,
Figures 5 to 7
a deformation station for deforming a flat material blank in a greatly simplified representation in the three different working positions according to Figures 1 to 3,
Figure 8
an overall perspective view of a rotor with several workstations,
Figure 9
a perspective view of a rotor control, and
Figures 10 to 12
various shaft parts that are produced by the inventive method.

In den Figuren 1 bis 3 ist schematisch eine stationäre Reihe 2 von Formwerkzeugen 4 und eine bewegliche Reihe 3 von Formwerkzeugen 5 dargestellt. Die Formwerkzeuge sind parallel zueinander angeordnet und haben eine prismatische Konfiguration. Die Querschnittsform und die Länge dieser Formwerkzeuge ist selbstverständlich dem herzustellenden Wellenteil anzupassen. Die einander zugewandten Stirnseiten 6, 6′ der beiden Reihen von Formwerkzeugen liegen in der Ausgangsposition auf einer Ebene. Diese Ebene wird praktisch durch den flächigen Materialzuschnitt 1 gebildet, welcher hier aus Gründen der besseren Uebersichtlichkeit nicht dargestellt ist. Mit dem Bezugszeichen 8 ist eine Symmetrieebene angedeutet, welche quer zum flächigen Materialzuschnitt und parallel zu den Formwerkzeugen verläuft.1 to 3 schematically show a stationary row 2 of molds 4 and a movable row 3 of molds 5. The molds are arranged parallel to each other and have a prismatic configuration. The cross-sectional shape and the length of these molding tools must of course be adapted to the shaft part to be produced. The facing end faces 6, 6 'of the two rows of molds are in the starting position on one level. This level is practically formed by the flat material blank 1, which is not shown here for reasons of better clarity. The reference numeral 8 indicates a plane of symmetry which runs transverse to the flat material blank and parallel to the molding tools.

Bei der Deformation des Materialzuschnitts wird die stationäre Reihe 2 in Pfeilrichtung a, d.h. parallel zur Symmetrieebene 8 gegen die bewegliche Reihe 3 von Formwerkzeugen gepresst. Selbstverständlich könnte auch die bewegliche Reihe gegen die stationäre Reihe gepresst werden, oder es könnten beide Reihen gleichförmig gegeneinander bewegt werden. Simultan zu dieser Bewegung werden aber auch die beiden Reihen Formwerkzeuge 4 und 5 in Pfeilrichtung b auf die Symmetrieebene 8 hin zusammengeschoben. Das mittlere bewegliche Formwerkzeug 5m bleibt dabei in der Symmetrieebene stehen.When the material cut is deformed, the stationary row 2 is moved in the direction of arrow a, i.e. pressed parallel to the plane of symmetry 8 against the movable row 3 of molding tools. Of course, the movable row could also be pressed against the stationary row, or both rows could be moved uniformly against one another. Simultaneously to this movement, however, the two rows of molding tools 4 and 5 are pushed together in the direction of arrow b towards the plane of symmetry 8. The middle movable molding tool 5m remains in the plane of symmetry.

Figur 3 zeigt die Formwerkzeuge in der Endposition, in welcher der Materialzuschnitt fertig deformiert ist. Der relative Bewegungsablauf zwischen einem beweglichen Formwerkzeug 5 und einem stationären Formwerkzeug 4 ist in Figur 4 nochmals dargestellt. Die Flanke 10 des stationären Formwerkzeugs 4 mit ihrer Werkzeugkante 52 bewegt sich in einer Kreisbogenbewegung mit dem Radius R gegen die Flanke 9 des beweglichen Formwerkzeuges 5. Der Radius R entspricht der Distanz D zwischen den beiden Formwerkzeugen 4 und 5 und gleichzeitig der Höhe H der gewünschten Deformation. Ein in der Ebene der Stirnseiten 6 und 6′ liegender Materialzuschnitt erfährt bei diesem Bewegungsablauf ersichtlicherweise keine Relativverschiebung zu den Stirnseiten.FIG. 3 shows the molding tools in the end position in which the material blank is completely deformed. The relative sequence of movements between a movable mold 5 and a stationary mold 4 is shown again in FIG. The flank 10 of the stationary mold 4 with its tool edge 52 moves in a circular arc movement with the radius R against the flank 9 of the movable one Forming tool 5. The radius R corresponds to the distance D between the two forming tools 4 and 5 and at the same time the height H of the desired deformation. A in the plane of the end faces 6 and 6 'lying material cut evidently experiences no relative displacement to the end faces in this movement.

Eine Verformungsstation mit den verschiedenen Antriebs- und Transmissionssystemen wird anhand von Figur 5 beschrieben. An einem Rotorflügen 64 sind zwei parallele Führungsstangen 12 und 12′ fest montiert. In der Mitte dieser Führungsstangen ist ein fester Halter 15 angeordnet, der ein festes Formwerkzeug 5m trägt. Die übrigen beweglichen Formwerkzeuge 5 sind an verschiebbaren unteren Haltern 16 angeordnet, welche entlang der Führungsstangen 12 und 12′ verschiebbar sind.A deformation station with the various drive and transmission systems is described with reference to FIG. 5. On a rotor flights 64, two parallel guide rods 12 and 12 'are fixedly mounted. In the middle of these guide rods there is a fixed holder 15 which carries a fixed molding tool 5m. The remaining movable molds 5 are arranged on displaceable lower holders 16 which are displaceable along the guide rods 12 and 12 '.

Im Drehbereich des Rotorflügels 64 ist ein Gestell 11 fest angeordnet. Dieses Gestell trägt die stationären Formwerkzeuge 4. An den beweglichen Führungsstangen 13 und 13′ sind die beweglichen oberen Halter 20 verschiebbar geführt. Die beweglichen Führungsstangen können an den Parallelführungen 14, 14′ in Pfeilrichtung a nach unten bewegt werden. An den Enden der beweglichen oberen Halter 20 sind die stationären Formwerkzeuge 4 befestigt.A frame 11 is fixedly arranged in the rotating area of the rotor blade 64. This frame carries the stationary molds 4. On the movable guide rods 13 and 13 ', the movable upper holder 20 are slidably guided. The movable guide rods can be moved downward on the parallel guides 14, 14 'in the direction of arrow a. The stationary molding tools 4 are fastened to the ends of the movable upper holders 20.

Auf der rechten Seite ist eine Antriebskurbel 27 angeordnet. Diese Antriebskurbel greift in eine Vertikalgabel 33, die oben und unten mit Schubelementen 65 und 65′ versehen ist. Die Funktion dieser Schubelemente wird nachstehend anhand der Figur 9 noch erklärt.A drive crank 27 is arranged on the right side. This drive crank engages in a vertical fork 33 which is provided at the top and bottom with thrust elements 65 and 65 '. The function of these thrust elements is explained below with reference to FIG. 9.

Im Verschiebebereich der beweglichen unteren Halter ist ein unteres Zugmittelgetriebe 17 angeordnet. Dieses besteht aus einem ersten Parallelriemen 18 und einem zweiten Parallelriemen 19. Für jedes symmetrische Paar von beweglichen Haltern ist ein Parallelriemen vorgesehen. Im vorliegenden Fall sind es zwei Paare, wobei die Durchmesser der Riemenscheiben 50, 50′ bzw. 53, 53′ entsprechend dem zurückzulegenden Weg der Halter bestimmt sind. Jedes Halterpaar ist an einer Verbindungsstelle 30 jeweils mit dem oberen bzw. dem unteren Trum eines Parallelriemens verbunden.A lower traction mechanism 17 is arranged in the displacement area of the movable lower holder. This consists of a first parallel belt 18 and a second parallel belt 19. A parallel belt is provided for each symmetrical pair of movable holders. In the present case it two pairs, the diameter of the pulleys 50, 50 'and 53, 53' are determined according to the distance to be covered by the holder. Each pair of holders is connected at a connection point 30 to the upper and the lower run of a parallel belt.

Eine Drehbewegung der Antriebskurbel 27 bewirkt ersichtlicherweise eine Schubbewegung der Schubelemente 65, wobei der Halter 16r an einem Mitnehmer 29 angeschoben wird und das Zugmittelgetriebe 17 in Bewegung setzt und wobei dadurch alle beweglichen unteren Halter simultan in Bewegung gesetzt werden.A rotary movement of the drive crank 27 obviously causes a pushing movement of the thrust elements 65, the holder 16r being pushed onto a driver 29 and setting the traction mechanism 17 in motion, and thereby all movable lower holders being set in motion simultaneously.

Auf ähnliche Weise wird über das Schubelement 65′ auch das obere Zugmittelgetriebe 21 in Bewegung gesetzt. Das obere Zugmittelgetriebe 21 besteht aus den beiden RiemenscheibenPaaren 54, 54′ und 55, 55′, welche wiederum einen ersten und einen zweiten Parallelriemen 22 bzw. 23 tragen. Am oberen und am unteren Trum dieser Parallelriemen sind Mitnehmer 24 befestigt, welche in Führungsschlitze 25 an den beweglichen oberen Haltern 20 eingreifen.In a similar manner, the upper traction mechanism 21 is set in motion via the thrust element 65 '. The upper traction mechanism 21 consists of the two pairs of pulleys 54, 54 'and 55, 55', which in turn carry a first and a second parallel belt 22 and 23, respectively. On the upper and on the lower run of these parallel belts drivers 24 are fastened, which engage in guide slots 25 on the movable upper holders 20.

Die beweglichen oberen Halter 20 führen bei einer Betätigung des oberen Zugmittelgetriebes ebenfalls eine gleichförmige Zusammenschiebebewegung aus, wobei sie sich allerdings auch noch in Pfeilrichtung a nach unten bewegen können.When the upper traction mechanism transmission is actuated, the movable upper holders 20 likewise perform a uniform collapsing movement, although they can still move downward in the direction of arrow a.

Die Antriebskurbel 27 greift auch noch in eine untere Horizontalgabel 32, welche an einer vertikalen Transmissionsstange 36 befestigt ist. Diese Transmissionsstange ist an den Führungen 35, 35′ geführt. Am oberen Ende der Transmissionsstange 36 ist eine obere Horizontalgabel 31 angeordnet. Diese steht in Wirkverbindung mit einem Schwinghebel 26, der am Gestell 11 angelenkt ist. Der Schwinghebel 26 hat die Funktion eines einseitigen Hebels, indem er auch noch in eine Winkelgabel 34 eingreift. Mit diesem Getriebe wird die vertikale Schubbewegung der Transmissionsstange 36 mit einem bestimmten Untersetzungsverhältnis auf die beweglichen Führungsstangen 13, 13′ übertragen.The drive crank 27 also engages in a lower horizontal fork 32 which is attached to a vertical transmission rod 36. This transmission rod is guided on the guides 35, 35 '. An upper horizontal fork 31 is arranged at the upper end of the transmission rod 36. This is operatively connected to a rocker arm 26 which is articulated on the frame 11. The rocker arm 26 has the function of a one-sided lever in that it also engages in an angle fork 34. With this gearbox the vertical Thrust movement of the transmission rod 36 with a certain reduction ratio on the movable guide rods 13, 13 'transmitted.

Bei der Deformation eines flächigen Materialzuschnittes 1 liegt dieser zunächst gemäss Figur 5 auf der beweglichen Reihe 3 von Formwerkzeugen 5 auf. Die stationäre Reihe 2 der Formwerkzeuge 4 liegt dabei annähernd auf dem Materialzuschnitt 1 auf. Anschliessend wird die Antriebskurbel 27 in Pfeilrichtung c nach unten geschwenkt.When a flat material blank 1 is deformed, it initially rests on the movable row 3 of molding tools 5 according to FIG. 5. The stationary row 2 of the molding tools 4 lies approximately on the material blank 1. The drive crank 27 is then pivoted downward in the direction of arrow c.

Figur 6 zeigt die Position der Formwerkzeuge analog zur Position in Figur 2. Die beiden Gabeln 32 und 33 bewirken eine simultane horizontale und vertikale Schubbewegung. Die horizontale Schubbewegung bewirkt über die beiden Zugmittelgetriebe ein Zusammenschieben sämtlicher Formwerkzeuge, und die vertikale Schubbewegung bewirkt ein Absenken der stationären Formwerkzeuge zwischen die beweglichen Formwerkzeuge. Wie in Figur 6 dargestellt ist der Materialzuschnitt 1 bereits teilweise deformiert, wobei jedoch keine Verschiebung zu den Stirnseiten der Formwerkzeuge stattfindet.Figure 6 shows the position of the molds analogous to the position in Figure 2. The two forks 32 and 33 cause a simultaneous horizontal and vertical pushing movement. The horizontal thrust movement causes all the molds to be pushed together via the two traction mechanism gears, and the vertical thrust movement causes the stationary molds to be lowered between the movable molds. As shown in FIG. 6, the material blank 1 is already partially deformed, but there is no displacement to the end faces of the molding tools.

Figur 7 zeigt die Endstellung der Formwerkzeuge. Die Antriebskurbel 27 hat eine Bewegung von 90° aus der Horizontalen in die Vertikale ausgeführt. Bezogen auf Figur 4 entspricht diese Bewegung dem Weg, welcher eine Werkzeugkante 52 zurücklegt, bis der Materialzuschnitt fertig deformiert ist. Je nach der gewünschten Querschnittsform der Deformation bzw. der Formwerkzeuge kann dieser Weg selbstverständlich verändert werden. Aus Figur 7 ist auch ersichtlich, dass über dem Schwinghebel 26 die beweglichen Führungsstangen 13, 13′ in der Parallelführung 14, 14′ in die unterste Position verschoben wurden. Auch hier sind selbstverständlich je nach Uebersetzungs- bzw. Untersetzungsverhältnis verschiedene Weglängen möglich. Das Schubkurbelgetriebe erlaubt auf einfachste Weise eine Justierung einzelner Parameter.Figure 7 shows the end position of the molds. The drive crank 27 has a movement of 90 ° from the horizontal to the vertical. With reference to FIG. 4, this movement corresponds to the path that a tool edge 52 travels until the material blank is completely deformed. This route can of course be changed depending on the desired cross-sectional shape of the deformation or the molds. From Figure 7 it can also be seen that above the rocker arm 26, the movable guide rods 13, 13 'in the parallel guide 14, 14' have been moved to the lowest position. Different path lengths are of course also possible here, depending on the gear ratio. The push crank gear allows the adjustment of individual parameters in the simplest way.

Figur 8 zeigt eine Vorrichtung mit mehreren Arbeitsstationen, bei der eine Verformungsstation 39 etwa nach dem Prinzip der Vorrichtung gemäss Figur 5 aufgebaut ist. Es sind insgesamt vier bewegliche Reihen 3 von Formwerkzeugen in gleichmässiger Winkelteilung an den Rotorflügeln 64 eines Rotors 37 angeordnet. Der Rotor ist in Pfeilrichtung d drehbar und führt somit die beweglichen Reihen taktweise an verschiedene Arbeitsstationen. An jeder Arbeitsstation wird dabei simultan eine bestimmte Bewegung ausgeführt.FIG. 8 shows a device with several work stations, in which a deformation station 39 is constructed approximately according to the principle of the device according to FIG. 5. A total of four movable rows 3 of molds are arranged on the rotor blades 64 of a rotor 37 in a uniform angular division. The rotor can be rotated in the direction of the arrow d and thus leads the moving rows to different work stations in cycles. A certain movement is carried out simultaneously at each work station.

Die Stirnseiten 6 der beweglichen Formwerkzeuge 5 sind mit Oeffnungen 7 versehen. Diese Oeffnungen stehen in Wirkverbindung mit einer hier nicht näher dargestellten Vakuumquelle. Dadurch werden die Materialzuschnitte 1 auf der unteren Reihe von Formwerkzeugen festgehalten, gleichgültig in welcher Relativlage die Formwerkzeuge stehen.The end faces 6 of the movable molding tools 5 are provided with openings 7. These openings are operatively connected to a vacuum source, not shown here. As a result, the material blanks 1 are held on the lower row of molding tools, regardless of the relative position of the molding tools.

An einer Ladestation 38 werden von einem Stapel 46 flächige Materialzuschnitte 1 abgehoben und durch einen hier nicht näher dargestellten Mechanismus auf die bewegliche Reihe von Formwerkzeugen in Ladeposition plaziert. Nach einer Drehung von 90° gelangen diese Formwerkzeuge zur Verformungsstation 39, wo sie genau parallel unter der stationären Reihe 2 stehen. In dieser Position erfolgt die Deformation des Materialzuschnitts gemäss dem vorher beschriebenen Prinzip.At a loading station 38, flat material blanks 1 are lifted from a stack 46 and placed on the movable row of molding tools in the loading position by a mechanism (not shown here). After a rotation of 90 °, these molding tools arrive at the deformation station 39, where they are exactly parallel under the stationary row 2. In this position, the material cut is deformed according to the principle described above.

Nach einer weiteren Drehung des Drehkörpers um 90° gelangt der jetzt deformierte Materialzuschnitt zu einer Beschichtungsstation 40, an der ein Klebstoff-Sprühkopf 42 angeordnet ist. Dieser Sprühkopf besprüht die Unterseite des Zuschnitts mit einem Klebstoff. Die unteren Formwerkzeuge verbleiben selbstverständlich in der zusammengeschobenen Position, die sie an der Verformungsstation 39 eingenommen haben. Anstelle des Klebstoff-Sprühkopfes könnte auch eine andere geeignete Vorrichtung zum Auftragen eines Klebstoffes vorgesehen sein.After a further rotation of the rotating body by 90 °, the now deformed material blank arrives at a coating station 40, at which an adhesive spray head 42 is arranged. This spray head sprays the underside of the blank with an adhesive. The lower mold tools naturally remain in the collapsed position which they have assumed at the deformation station 39. Instead of the adhesive spray head, another suitable device for applying an adhesive could also be provided.

Nach einer nochmaligen Drehung von 90° gelangt der Materialzuschnitt zur Abgabestation 41, welche in der Bewegungsebene eines Förderbandes 43 liegt. Auf diesem Förderband werden in Pfeilrichtung e Trägerzuschnitte 44 zugeführt, die einem Stapel 45 entnommen werden. An der Abgabestation 41 werden die zusammengeschobenen unteren Formwerkzeuge etwas abgesenkt, so dass der deformierte Materialzuschnitt 1 mit der Klebstoffbeschichtung auf den Trägerzuschnitt 44 gepresst wird. Gleichzeitig wird durch eine entsprechende Steuerung die Wirkverbindung zur Vakuumquelle unterbrochen und die Formwerkzeuge werden wieder zurückgenommen. Ein fertiges Wellenteil 47 verlässt im nächsten Takt die Arbeitsstation und kann in einer Verpackungslinie weiterverarbeitet werden.After a further rotation of 90 °, the material blank arrives at the delivery station 41, which lies in the plane of movement of a conveyor belt 43. On this conveyor belt e carrier blanks 44 are fed in the direction of the arrow and are removed from a stack 45. At the delivery station 41, the pushed-together lower forming tools are lowered somewhat, so that the deformed material blank 1 is pressed onto the carrier blank 44 with the adhesive coating. At the same time, the active connection to the vacuum source is interrupted by a corresponding control and the molds are withdrawn again. A finished shaft part 47 leaves the work station in the next cycle and can be processed further in a packaging line.

Zwischen der Abgabestation 41 und der Ladestation 38 werden die beweglichen Formwerkzeuge wieder auseinander gefahren, bis sie ihre Ausgangsposition eingenommen haben. Diese Vorrichtung arbeitet äusserst rationell und lässt sich platzsparend in eine Verpackungslinie integrieren, wobei die Herstellung der Wellenteile 47 ohne weiteres mit dem Abfülltakt schritthalten kann. Selbstverständlich könnten im Bereich des Drehkörpers 37 auch noch andere Arbeitsstationen vorgesehen sein. Es wäre auch denkbar, die Beschichtungsstation 40 wegzulassen und dafür die Trägerzuschnitte 44 mit Klebstoff zu beschichten.Between the delivery station 41 and the loading station 38, the movable molding tools are moved apart again until they have assumed their starting position. This device works extremely efficiently and can be integrated into a packaging line in a space-saving manner, the production of the shaft parts 47 being able to keep up with the filling cycle without further ado. Of course, other work stations could also be provided in the area of the rotating body 37. It would also be conceivable to omit the coating station 40 and instead to coat the carrier blanks 44 with adhesive.

Figur 9 zeigt stark vereinfacht die Rotorsteuerung, welche dazu dient, die Formwerkzeuge synchron zur Drehbewegung des Rotors zu betätigen. Zu diesem Zweck ist jedem Rotorflügel 64 eine Schubstange 28 zugeordnet, an deren Ende eine Gabel 63 angeordnet ist. Jede Gabel 63 greift in den Mitnehmer 29 (Figur 5) zum Anschieben des Zugmittelgetriebes. Am gegenüberliegenden Ende jeder Schubstange 28 ist ein Eingriffsglied 49 angeordnet, das eine Steuerscheibe 51 abtastet.FIG. 9 shows, in a highly simplified manner, the rotor control, which serves to actuate the molding tools synchronously with the rotary movement of the rotor. For this purpose, each rotor blade 64 is assigned a push rod 28, at the end of which a fork 63 is arranged. Each fork 63 engages in the driver 29 (Figure 5) for pushing the traction mechanism. At the opposite end of each push rod 28 there is an engagement member 49 which scans a control disk 51.

Die Steuerscheibe 51 ist insgesamt in drei verschiedene Segmente unterteil. Ein Schliessegment 60 ist fest angeordnet und erstreckt sich über einen Sektor von ca. 180°. Auf der Rotorachse axial versetzt ist ein Oeffnungssegment 62 angeordnet, das ebenfalls feststeht, das jedoch in Pfeilrichtung f während des Betriebes verstellt werden kann. Das Oeffnungssegment 62 erstreckt sich über einen Sektor von etwas weniger als 90°.The control disc 51 is in total three different Lower segments. A closing segment 60 is fixed and extends over a sector of approximately 180 °. An opening segment 62 is arranged axially offset on the rotor axis, which is also fixed, but which can be adjusted in the direction of arrow f during operation. The opening segment 62 extends over a sector of slightly less than 90 °.

Die verbleibende Sektorfläche der Steuerscheibe 51 wird durch ein Schubsegment 61 abgedeckt, das fest mit dem Schubelement 65 und mit der Vertikalgabel 33 verbunden ist. Durch Drehen der Antriebskurbel 27 um 90° in Pfeilrichtung c kann das Schubsegment 61 aus einer Oeffnungsstellung, in der es mit dem Oeffnungssegment 62 korrespondiert, in eine Schliessstellung, in der es mit dem Schliessegment 60 korrespondiert, verschoben werden.The remaining sector area of the control disk 51 is covered by a thrust segment 61 which is firmly connected to the thrust element 65 and to the vertical fork 33. By rotating the drive crank 27 through 90 ° in the direction of arrow c, the push segment 61 can be moved from an open position in which it corresponds to the open segment 62 into a closed position in which it corresponds to the closed segment 60.

Beim Drehen des Rotors in Pfeilrichtung d spielt sich folgender Vorgang ab: An der Ladestation 38 liegt das Eingriffselement 49 am Oeffnungssegment 62 an. Die beweglichen Formwerkzeuge 5 haben dann die in Figur 5 dargestellte Position, in der sie mit einem Materialzuschnitt 1 bestückt werden. Beim Weiterdrehen des Rotors verbleiben die Formwerkzeuge in dieser geöffneten Position, da das Eingriffsglied 49 zunächst das Oeffnungssegment 62 abgreifen muss, bis es auf den schmalen Teilsektor des Schubsegmentes 61 übergeführt wird. In dieser Position hat der betreffende Rotorflügel die Verformungsstation 39 erreicht und die beweglichen Formwerkzeuge stehen exakt den stationären Formwerkzeugen 4 gegenüber. Jetzt erfolgt die Deformation des Materialzuschnitts, indem die Antriebskurbel 27 betätigt wird und dadurch das Schubsegment 61 vom Oeffnungssegment 62 an das Schliessegment 60 geschoben wird. Bei dieser Linearbewegung werden das obere und das untere Zugmittelgetriebe 17 bzw. 21 betätigt und die Formwerkzeuge führen die bereits beschriebene Bewegung aus. Jetzt wird der Rotor um eine Vierteldrehung weitergedreht, wobei das Eingriffsglied 49 auf das Schliessegment 60 überwechselt, so dass die Formwerkzeuge in der geschlossenen Position festgehalten werden. Am Ende dieses Taktes ist die Beschichtungsstation 40 erreicht. Nach der Beschichtung erfolgt eine weitere Drehung des Rotors um 90°, wobei das Eingriffsglied 49 immer noch am Schliessegment 60 anliegt. Erst nach der Verbindung des deformierten Materialzuschnitts 1 mit einem Trägerzuschnitt 44 und nach einer weiteren Drehbewegung des Rotors um ein paar Winkelgrade wird das Eingriffsglied 49 wiederum auf den grösseren Teilsektor des Schubsegmentes 61 übergeführt, das immer noch in der gleichen Stellung ausharrt. Sobald jedoch das Eingriffsglied 49 das Schubsegment 61 wiederum erreicht hat, wird das Schubsegment simultan mit der Drehbewegung des Rotors wiederum zurückgefahren, so dass sich die Formwerkzeuge während der Drehbewegung des Rotors wiederum öffnen, bis sie ihre Ausgangsposition wiederum erreicht haben. Diese Getriebesteuerung ist äusserst effizient und präzise und es lassen sich damit kurze Arbeitstakte erzielen. Ueber hier nicht näher dargestellte, dem Fachmann jedoch an sich bekannte Ueberlagerungsgetriebe können einzelne Parameter des Getriebes während der Drehung des Rotors verändert werden, um beispielsweise die gegenseitige Eindringtiefe der Formwerkzeuge zu verändern.The following process takes place when the rotor is rotated in the direction of arrow d: the engagement element 49 rests on the opening segment 62 at the charging station 38. The movable molding tools 5 then have the position shown in FIG. 5, in which they are equipped with a material blank 1. As the rotor continues to rotate, the molding tools remain in this open position, since the engagement member 49 must first grip the opening segment 62 until it is transferred to the narrow subsector of the thrust segment 61. In this position, the rotor blade in question has reached the deformation station 39 and the movable molds are exactly opposite the stationary molds 4. The material blank is now deformed by actuating the drive crank 27 and thereby pushing the push segment 61 from the opening segment 62 to the closing segment 60. During this linear movement, the upper and lower traction mechanism gears 17 and 21 are actuated and the molding tools perform the movement already described. Now the rotor is turned a quarter turn, wherein the engaging member 49 changes over to the closing segment 60, so that the molding tools are held in the closed position. At the end of this cycle, the coating station 40 is reached. After coating, the rotor is rotated further by 90 °, the engagement member 49 still abutting the closing segment 60. Only after the deformed material blank 1 has been connected to a carrier blank 44 and after a further rotational movement of the rotor by a few angular degrees is the engagement member 49 in turn transferred to the larger subsector of the thrust segment 61, which still remains in the same position. However, as soon as the engaging member 49 has reached the thrust segment 61 again, the thrust segment is simultaneously retracted simultaneously with the rotary movement of the rotor, so that the molds open again during the rotational movement of the rotor until they have reached their starting position again. This transmission control is extremely efficient and precise and short work cycles can be achieved with it. Individual parameters of the transmission can be changed during the rotation of the rotor via a superposition gearing, which is not shown in detail here, but is known per se to the person skilled in the art, for example in order to change the mutual penetration depth of the molding tools.

Figur 10 zeigt ein typisches Wellenteil 47, das gemäss dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren hergestellt ist. Der Materialzuschnitt 1 hat eine regelmässige, mäanderförmige Konfiguration und ist geringfügig schmaler als der Trägerzuschnitt 44.FIG. 10 shows a typical shaft part 47, which is produced according to the method according to the invention. The material blank 1 has a regular, meandering configuration and is slightly narrower than the carrier blank 44.

Wird an den Seitenwänden der Wellen eine zusätzliche Falzkante 48 vorgesehen, so lässt sich durch Zusammenpressen der Wellen ein wabenförmiges Gebilde herstellen, wie es in Figur 10 dargestellt ist. Die einzelnen Waben 57 können mit Gegenständen 56 gefüllt werden, die auf diese Weise stossicher verpackt sind (Fig. 11).If an additional fold edge 48 is provided on the side walls of the shafts, a honeycomb-shaped structure can be produced by compressing the shafts, as shown in FIG. The individual honeycombs 57 can be filled with objects 56, which are packed in a shockproof manner in this way (FIG. 11).

Figur 12 zeigt eine nochmals abgewandelte Konfiguration eines Wellenteils, bei dem der Materialzuschnitt 1 Abschnitte 58, 58′ mit unterschiedlicher Querschnittsform aufweist. Dies bedingt selbstverständlich, dass der Materialzuschnitt 1 vorher mit Einschnitten 59 versehen wird, damit die Seitenwände der Abschnitte 58, 58′ aufgerichtet werden können. In einem derartigen Fall müssten selbstverständlich auch die Formwerkzeuge eine entsprechende Konfiguration aufweisen.Figure 12 shows a further modified configuration of a shaft part, in which the material blank 1 has sections 58, 58 'with a different cross-sectional shape. Of course, this means that the material blank 1 is previously provided with incisions 59 so that the side walls of the sections 58, 58 'can be erected. In such a case, the molding tools would of course also have to have a corresponding configuration.

Die Einschnitte 59 können aber auch dazu dienen, aus den einzelnen Kammern umklappbare Stege auszuschneiden, um damit die Fixierung eines Gegenstandes zu erreichen. So könnte beispielsweise bei einer Wabenverpackung gemäss Figur 11 nahe an den beiden stirnseitigen Oeffnungen einer Kammer je ein Materialsteg ausgeschnitten sein, der nach dem Füllen gegen das Zentrum der Kammer umgeklappt wird, wodurch der Gegenstand 56 an beiden Enden einen Anschlag erhält. Ein Beispiel derartiger Stege 66 ist an der äussersten linken Wabe dargestellt.The incisions 59 can also be used to cut out foldable webs from the individual chambers in order to achieve the fixation of an object. For example, in the case of a honeycomb packaging according to FIG. 11, a material web could be cut out close to the two front openings of a chamber, which is folded over after filling against the center of the chamber, as a result of which the object 56 receives a stop at both ends. An example of such webs 66 is shown on the outermost left honeycomb.

Claims (18)

  1. A process for producing wave-like deformation of a flat blank of material (1) by moving towards each other a first and a second row (2, 3) of approximately prismatic shaping tools (4, 5) which are arranged at a spacing from each other and whose front faces (6, 6'), for each row, are disposed in a plane, wherein the individual shaping tools (4, 5) of the two rows (2, 3) are arranged parallel and in the movement towards each other engage into each other and in so doing are simultaneously pushed together in such a way that the interengaging shaping tools of the two rows relatively approach each other along an arcuate path, characterised in that the first row (3) of shaping tools (5) is moved along a transport path from a loading position in which the flat blank of material (1) is placed on to the front face (6) of the shaping tools (5), into a shaping position in which the first row (3) of shaping tools is disposed opposite the second row (2) of shaping tools (4), the second row (2) being stationary relative to the transport path, that in the shaping position the two oppositely disposed rows are moved towards each other, and that after deformation of the blank of material (1) the first row with the deformed blank of material is moved along the transport path into at least one discharge position in which the blank of material is discharged.
  2. A process according to claim 1 characterised in that the deformed blank of material is connected to a carrier blank (44) in the discharge position.
  3. A process according to claim 2 characterised in that the deformed blank of material is coated with an adhesive in a coating position which is between the shaping position and the discharge position.
  4. A process according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that during transportation to the various positions the blanks of material are held fast by vacuum on the front faces of the movable row of shaping tools.
  5. A process according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the shaping tools (4, 5) of the two rows (2, 3) are displaced by a respective traction means transmission (17, 21) having traction means (18, 19, 22, 23) which run parallel.
  6. A process according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the shaping tools (4, 5) of the two rows (2, 3) are driven directly or indirectly by way of a crank transmission.
  7. A process according to one of claims 1 to 6 characterised in that the first row (3) of shaping tools is rotated on a rotor cyclically into the various positions.
  8. Apparatus for producing wave-like deformation of a flat blank of material (1) comprising a first and a second row of approximately prismatic shaping tools (4, 5) which are arranged at a spacing from each other and whose front faces, for each row, are disposed in a plane, wherein the individual shaping tools of the two rows are arranged parallel and in the movement towards each other engage into each other and in so doing can be simultaneously pushed together in such a way that the interengaging shaping tools of the two rows relatively approach each other along an arcuate path, characterised in that at least one row of shaping tools is mounted stationarily and at least one row of complementary shaping tools is mounted movably along a transport path relative to the stationary row, wherein the movable row of shaping tools is movable cyclically to different operating stations and one of the operating stations is a shaping station at which the stationary row of shaping tools (4) is arranged.
  9. Apparatus according to claim 8 characterised in that the movable row (3) of shaping tools (5) is arranged on a rotor (37) which is rotatable cyclically in the region of the operating stations.
  10. Apparatus according to claim 9 characterised in that arranged in the rotational region of the movable row upstream of the shaping station (39) is a loading station (38) for placing the flat blanks of material (1) on the front faces (6) of the shaping tools (5) and downstream of the shaping station (39) is a discharge station (41) for discharge of the deformed blanks of material.
  11. Apparatus according to claim 10 characterised in that the discharge station (41) is arranged above a conveyor means (43) for the feed of a carrier blank (44).
  12. Apparatus according to claim 10 or claim 11 characterised in that a coating station (40) for coating the blanks of material with an adhesive is arranged between the shaping station (39) and the discharge station (41).
  13. Apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 12 characterised in that at least four movable rows of shaping tools are arranged in a regular angular distribution on the rotor (37) and that a respective operating step can be simultaneously performed at each operating station.
  14. Apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 13 characterised in that the front faces (6) of the movable row (3) of shaping tools (5) are provided with openings (7) which are operatively connected to a vacuum source.
  15. Apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 14 characterised in that the shaping tools of the two rows are guided in a respective linear guide (12, 13) and that they are connected to a respective traction means transmission (17, 21) having traction bans (18, 19, 22, 23) which run parallel.
  16. Apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 15 characterised in that the shaping tools of the two rows are drivable by way of at least one crank transmission which co-ordinates the movement with which the individual shaping tools are pushed together and/or the movement with which the two rows are moved towards each other.
  17. Apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 16 characterised in that a relative position of the shaping tools on the rotor is controllable by way of a control disc (51) which is arranged at a right angle to the axis of rotation and which is subdivided into at least three separate segments (60-62) and which at its peripheral region can be sensed by an engagement member associated with each row of shaping tools, wherein two fixed segments (60, 61) for an open position and a closed position respectively of the shaping tools are arranged in mutually axially displaced relationship on the axis of rotation of the rotor and a segment (62) for producing the opening and closing movement respectively and for transferring the engagement member on to the fixed segments is arranged axially displaceably.
  18. Apparatus according to claim 17 characterised in that the distance between the segments which are arranged in axially displaced relationship is adjustable.
EP91810955A 1990-12-18 1991-12-09 Method and apparatus to deform a sheet material into a wave form Expired - Lifetime EP0491658B1 (en)

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CH401690 1990-12-18
CH4016/90 1990-12-18

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EP (1) EP0491658B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2502233B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE134539T1 (en)
AU (1) AU645870B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2057152A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59107470D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0491658T3 (en)
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ATE134539T1 (en) 1996-03-15
AU8981791A (en) 1992-06-25
ES2083556T3 (en) 1996-04-16
EP0491658A1 (en) 1992-06-24
JPH04294135A (en) 1992-10-19
JP2502233B2 (en) 1996-05-29
CA2057152A1 (en) 1992-06-19
DE59107470D1 (en) 1996-04-04
DK0491658T3 (en) 1996-06-24
US5200013A (en) 1993-04-06
AU645870B2 (en) 1994-01-27

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