EP0489637A1 - Procedure for the fabrication of a fibrous preform made of fire-resistant fibres in order to produce a composite material - Google Patents
Procedure for the fabrication of a fibrous preform made of fire-resistant fibres in order to produce a composite material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0489637A1 EP0489637A1 EP91403260A EP91403260A EP0489637A1 EP 0489637 A1 EP0489637 A1 EP 0489637A1 EP 91403260 A EP91403260 A EP 91403260A EP 91403260 A EP91403260 A EP 91403260A EP 0489637 A1 EP0489637 A1 EP 0489637A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- staple fibers
- covering
- fibers
- preform
- yarn
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
- D02G3/18—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like
Definitions
- refractory fibers are understood here to mean fibers in a state preceding the refractory state, the transition to the latter being most often effected by heat treatment.
- a carbon precursor is preoxidized polyacrylonitrile (PAN), or a pitch
- a silicon carbon precursor is polycarbosilane (PCS).
- Another problem encountered during the production of parts made of composite material is that of the accessibility of the internal porosity of the preform during densification.
- the liquid method consists of impregnating the preform with a precursor liquid of the material constituting the matrix and then transforming the precursor, generally by heat treatment.
- the gas process (chemical vapor infiltration) consists of placing the preform in an enclosure where a gas flow is introduced under determined temperature and pressure conditions to form the matrix material in contact with the fibers of the preform by decomposition of one or more constituents of the gas flow or by reaction between constituents thereof.
- the covering yarn has a low denier compared to that of the assembled staple fibers, so as not to leave too large voids within the preform after elimination of the covering yarn.
- the denier of the covering thread is preferably less than a tenth of that of the assembled staple fibers.
- fugitive material which constitutes the covering yarn, is meant here any material capable of being removed without leaving a residue on the yarn and without alteration of the refractory fibers.
- the fugitive material is a soluble polymer, such as a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), or a polymer capable of being completely removed by heat treatment, such as polyvinyl acetate or polyethylene.
- the supply of the wire comprises a step of obtaining staple fibers, preferably long staple fibers, parallel to each other, in refractory material or in a precursor thereof. This is achieved for example by controlled stretching and cracking of a multifilament cable, as described in particular in document FR-A-2 608 641 for obtaining
- the fibers are left parallel to one another, and not twisted, the integrity of the thread being produced by covering with the thread of fugitive material.
- the covering is carried out by means of a known covering machine, for example the "Parafil” machine from the German company Spindelfabrik Suessen.
- the covering gives the yarn the necessary resistance to undergo textile operations, in particular weaving.
- the method according to the present invention can be implemented for all applications requiring the execution of textile operations on the thread, such as weaving and needling.
- the transformation of the precursor into refractory material is carried out after manufacture of the preform and after elimination of the covering wire.
- the covering thread is made of a removable material by heat, this elimination can be carried out during a rise in temperature carried out with a view to the transformation of the precursor by heat treatment.
- Example 1 Manufacture of a carbon fiber preform.
- the fabric After weaving, the fabric is washed in a water bath at 80 ° C for 10 minutes, then wrung and dried.
- the PVA covering yarn is completely dissolved and the fibers of the preoxidized PAN yarns expand within the fabric allowing direct needling thereof, without adding a layer of felt.
- the carbon fiber preform can then be densified by a material constituting a matrix, for example carbon or a ceramic, in order to obtain the composite material. desired with carbon fiber reinforcement. Densification is carried out by liquid means or by chemical vapor infiltration. The proliferation of fibers within the fibrous texture, resulting from the loosening of the untwisted fibers after elimination of the covering yarn, avoids the formation of dead volumes within the preform and consequently promotes a more complete and more homogeneous densification.
- a material constituting a matrix for example carbon or a ceramic
- Example 2 Manufacture of a ceramic fiber preform.
Abstract
Une préforme fibreuse est fabriquée au moyen d'un fil formé de fibres longues discontinues en matière réfractaire ou en un précurseur de celle-ci, les fibres étant arrangées parallèlement les unes aux autres, en étant non retordues, et l'intégrité du fil est assurée par guipage au moyen d'un fil en matière fugitive. Une pièce en matériau composite est réalisée par densification de la préforme fibreuse après élimination du fil de guipage.A fibrous preform is produced by means of a wire formed of long staple fibers of refractory material or a precursor thereof, the fibers being arranged parallel to each other, being untwisted, and the integrity of the wire is secured by covering with a fleeting thread. A piece of composite material is produced by densification of the fibrous preform after elimination of the covering thread.
Description
La présente invention concerne la fabrication de préformes fibreuses formées de fibres réfractaires pour la réalisation de pièces en matériau composite. L'invention concerne aussi un fil composite adapté à la fabrication de telles préformes.The present invention relates to the manufacture of fibrous preforms formed of refractory fibers for the production of parts made of composite material. The invention also relates to a composite wire suitable for the manufacture of such preforms.
Par fibres réfractaires, on entend ici essentiellement les fibres en carbone et les fibres en céramique. Parmi ces dernières, on peut citer les fibres en carbure, nitrure ou oxyde réfractaire, tel que carbure ou nitrure de silicium, carbure de bore, alumine, ...By refractory fibers is meant here essentially carbon fibers and ceramic fibers. Among the latter, mention may be made of fibers made of carbide, nitride or refractory oxide, such as carbide or silicon nitride, boron carbide, alumina, etc.
Par précurseurs de fibres réfractaires, on entend ici des fibres à un état précédant l'état réfractaire, le passage à ce dernier s'effectuant le plus souvent par traitement thermique. A titre d'exemple, un précurseur du carbone est le polyacrylonitrile (PAN) préoxydé, ou un brai, tandis qu'un précurseur du carbone de silicium est le polycarbosilane (PCS).The expression precursors of refractory fibers is understood here to mean fibers in a state preceding the refractory state, the transition to the latter being most often effected by heat treatment. For example, a carbon precursor is preoxidized polyacrylonitrile (PAN), or a pitch, while a silicon carbon precursor is polycarbosilane (PCS).
Un domaine particulier d'application de l'invention est la fabrication de pièces en matériau composite constituées d'une préforme fibreuse réfractaire densifiée par une matrice. La densification consiste dans le dépôt ou l'infiltration du matériau de la matrice dans la porosité de la préforme, dans tout le volume de celle-ci.A particular field of application of the invention is the manufacture of parts made of composite material consisting of a refractory fibrous preform densified by a matrix. Densification consists in the deposition or infiltration of the matrix material in the porosity of the preform, throughout the volume of the latter.
Il existe divers procédés pour réaliser une préforme en fibres réfractaires. Un procédé classique consiste à superposer des strates d'une texture fibreuse bidimensionnelle, notamment un tissu, et, éventuellement, à lier les strates entre elles par exemple par aiguilletage.There are various methods for making a preform in refractory fibers. A conventional method consists of superimposing strata of a two-dimensional fibrous texture, in particular a fabric, and, optionally, of binding the strata together, for example by needling.
Une difficulté rencontrée avec les fils en fibres réfractaires connus consiste dans leur peu d'aptitude à subir des opérations textiles, comme le tissage, notamment pour les fils en fibres céramiques, et, surtout, l'aiguilletage.A difficulty encountered with known refractory fiber yarns consists in their poor ability to undergo textile operations, such as weaving, in particular for ceramic fiber yarns, and, above all, needling.
Un moyen de surmonter cette difficulté consiste à réaliser les opérations textiles nécessaires sur des fils dont les fibres constitutives sont à l'état de précurseur, mieux apte à subir ces opérations. La transformation du précurseur en matière réfractaire est alors realisée après exécution des opérations textiles.One way of overcoming this difficulty consists in carrying out the necessary textile operations on threads of which the constituent fibers are in the precursor state, better able to undergo these operations. The transformation of the precursor into refractory material is then carried out after execution of the textile operations.
Un autre moyen de surmonter cette difficulté pour l'aiguilletage de strates superposées de tissu en fibres de carbone consiste à intercaler des couches de feutre entre les strates. Avec un tissu formé de fils dans lesquels la cohésion des fibres carbone est assurée par retorsion, l'attaque des fils par les aiguilles a plus pour effet de casser les fibres que de détacher les fibres pour les implanter à travers les strates. L'interposition de couches de feutre permet d'apporter les fibres susceptibles d'être entraînées par les aiguilles.Another way of overcoming this difficulty for the needling of superimposed layers of carbon fiber fabric is to interpose layers of felt between the layers. With a fabric formed of threads in which the cohesion of the carbon fibers is ensured by twisting, the attack of the threads by the needles has the effect of breaking the fibers more than of detaching the fibers to implant them through the strata. The interposition of layers of felt makes it possible to provide the fibers likely to be entrained by the needles.
Un autre problème rencontré lors de la fabrication de pièces en matériau composite est celui de l'accessibilité de la porosité interne de la préforme lors de la densification.Another problem encountered during the production of parts made of composite material is that of the accessibility of the internal porosity of the preform during densification.
Il existe plusieurs techniques de densification, notamment la densification par voie liquide et la densification par voie gazeuse. Le procédé par voie liquide consiste à imprégner la préforme par un liquide précurseur du matériau constitutif de la matrice puis à transformer le précurseur, généralement par traitement thermique. Le procédé par voie gazeuse (infiltration chimique en phase vapeur) consiste à placer la préforme dans une enceinte où un flux gazeux est introduit dans des conditions de température et de pression déterminées pour former le matériau de la matrice au contact des fibres de la préforme par décomposition d'un ou plusieurs constituants du flux gazeux ou par réaction entre constituants de celui-ci.There are several densification techniques, including densification by liquid and densification by gas. The liquid method consists of impregnating the preform with a precursor liquid of the material constituting the matrix and then transforming the precursor, generally by heat treatment. The gas process (chemical vapor infiltration) consists of placing the preform in an enclosure where a gas flow is introduced under determined temperature and pressure conditions to form the matrix material in contact with the fibers of the preform by decomposition of one or more constituents of the gas flow or by reaction between constituents thereof.
Quelle que soit la technique utilisée, il est en pratique impossible de densifier totalement la préforme. En effet, les fils constitutifs de la préforme définissent entre eux des volumes dont certains sont quasi fermés. La densification de ces volumes "morts" ne peut pas être réalisée, même par infiltration chimique en phase vapeur, leur accès réduit éventuel étant très rapidement obstrué.Whatever technique is used, it is in practice impossible to densify the preform completely. Indeed, the constituent wires of the preform define between them volumes, some of which are almost closed. The densification of these "dead" volumes cannot be achieved, even by chemical vapor infiltration, their possible reduced access being very quickly obstructed.
La présente invention a pour objet de fournir un procédé de fabrication d'une préforme fibreuse en fibres réfractaires, le processus de fabrication pouvant comprendre des opérations textiles, y compris l'aiguilletage.The object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a fiber preform made of fibers. refractory, the manufacturing process possibly including textile operations, including needling.
Un autre objet de l'invention est de fournir un procédé permettant la fabrication de préformes fibreuses ne présentant pratiquement pas de volumes "morts", donc susceptibles d'être facilement densifiées.Another object of the invention is to provide a process allowing the manufacture of fibrous preforms having practically no "dead" volumes, therefore capable of being easily densified.
Conformément à l'invention, un procédé de fabrication d'une préforme fibreuse comprend les étapes consistant à :
- fournir un fil composé essentiellement de fibres discontinues en matière réfractaire ou en un précurseur de celle-ci, les fibres discontinues étant arrangées parallèlement les unes aux autres, en étant non retordues, et l'intégrite du fil étant assurée par un fil de guipage en matière fugitive,
- former une préforme fibreuse à partir du fil composé des fibres discontinues et du fil de guipage,
- éliminer le fil de guipage pour permettre aux fibres discontinues de se libérer dans tout le volume de la préforme.
- supplying a yarn composed essentially of staple fibers of refractory material or of a precursor thereof, the staple fibers being arranged parallel to one another, being not twisted, and the integrity of the yarn being ensured by a covering yarn in fleeting matter,
- forming a fibrous preform from the yarn composed of staple fibers and the covering yarn,
- eliminate the covering yarn to allow the staple fibers to be released throughout the volume of the preform.
De préférence, le fil de guipage a un faible denier par rapport à celui des fibres discontinues assemblées, afin de ne pas laisser de vides trop importants au sein de la préforme après élimination du fil de guipage. Le denier du fil de guipage est de préférence inférieur au dizième de celui des fibres discontinues assemblées.Preferably, the covering yarn has a low denier compared to that of the assembled staple fibers, so as not to leave too large voids within the preform after elimination of the covering yarn. The denier of the covering thread is preferably less than a tenth of that of the assembled staple fibers.
Par matière fugitive, qui constitue le fil de guipage, on entend ici toute matière susceptible d'être éliminée sans laisser de résidu sur le fil et sans altération des fibres réfractaires. A titre d'exemple, la matière fugitive est un polymère soluble, tel qu'un PVA (alcool polyvinylique), ou un polymère susceptible d'être totalement éliminé par traitement thermique, tel que l'acétate de polyvinyle ou le polyéthylène.By fugitive material, which constitutes the covering yarn, is meant here any material capable of being removed without leaving a residue on the yarn and without alteration of the refractory fibers. For example, the fugitive material is a soluble polymer, such as a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), or a polymer capable of being completely removed by heat treatment, such as polyvinyl acetate or polyethylene.
La fourniture du fil comprend une étape d'obtention de fibres discontinues, de préférence des fibres longues discontinues, parallèles entre elles, en matière réfractaire ou en un précurseur de celle-ci. Ceci est réalisé par exemple par étirage et craquage contrôlé d'un câble de multifilaments, comme décrit notamment dans le document FR-A-2 608 641 pour l'obtentionThe supply of the wire comprises a step of obtaining staple fibers, preferably long staple fibers, parallel to each other, in refractory material or in a precursor thereof. This is achieved for example by controlled stretching and cracking of a multifilament cable, as described in particular in document FR-A-2 608 641 for obtaining
Dans le document précité FR-A-2 608 641, les fibres sont transformées en fil par retorsion sur un matériel de filature classique.In the aforementioned document FR-A-2 608 641, the fibers are transformed into yarn by twisting on conventional spinning equipment.
Par contre, dans le fil utilisé conformément à l'invention, les fibres sont laissées parallèles entre elles, et non retordues, l'intégrité du fil étant réalisée par guipage au moyen du fil en matière fugitive. Le guipage est réalisé au moyen d'une machine de guipage connue, par exemple la machine "Parafil" de la société allemande Spindelfabrik Suessen.On the other hand, in the thread used in accordance with the invention, the fibers are left parallel to one another, and not twisted, the integrity of the thread being produced by covering with the thread of fugitive material. The covering is carried out by means of a known covering machine, for example the "Parafil" machine from the German company Spindelfabrik Suessen.
Le guipage confère au fil la tenue nécessaire pour subir des opérations textiles, notamment le tissage.The covering gives the yarn the necessary resistance to undergo textile operations, in particular weaving.
Après élimination du fil de guipage, l'existence de fibres parallèles discontinues non retordues autorise un aiguilletage avec prélèvement de ces fibres par les aiguilles, sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'apporter une texture du type feutre fournissant les fibres susceptibles d'être entraînées par les aiguilles.After elimination of the covering yarn, the existence of non-twisted discontinuous parallel fibers allows needling with removal of these fibers by the needles, without it being necessary to provide a texture of the felt type supplying the fibers liable to be entrained. by needles.
Ainsi, le procédé selon la présente invention peut être mis en oeuvre pour toutes les applications demandant l'exécution d'opérations textiles sur le fil, comme le tissage et l'aiguilletage.Thus, the method according to the present invention can be implemented for all applications requiring the execution of textile operations on the thread, such as weaving and needling.
Le procédé selon l'invention apporte un avantage supplémentaire en ce qu'il permet la suppression de volumes morts non complètement densifiables. En effet, lorsque la préforme a été réalisée et le fil de guipage éliminé, les fibres libérées ont tendance à occuper les volumes disponibles sous l'effet du "gonflement" du fil. Ceci permet l'obtention d'une préforme dont la porosité est plus facilement et plus uniformément accessible au matériau constitutif de la matrice. Il en résulte une densification plus complète et une moindre inhomogénéité du matériau.The method according to the invention provides an additional advantage in that it allows the elimination of dead volumes which are not completely densifiable. Indeed, when the preform has been made and the covering yarn eliminated, the released fibers tend to occupy the volumes available under the effect of the "swelling" of the yarn. This makes it possible to obtain a preform whose porosity is more easily and more uniformly accessible to the material constituting the matrix. This results in more complete densification and less inhomogeneity of the material.
Lorsque le fil utilisé pour la fabrication de la préforme est en un précurseur de la matière réfractaire désirée, la transformation du précurseur en matière réfractaire est effectuée après fabrication de la préforme et après élimination du fil de guipage. Lorsque le fil de guipage est en un matériau éliminable par la chaleur, cette élimination peut être réalisée au cours d'une montée en température effectuée en vue de la transformation du précurseur par traitement thermique.When the wire used for the manufacture of the preform is a precursor of the desired refractory material, the transformation of the precursor into refractory material is carried out after manufacture of the preform and after elimination of the covering wire. When the covering thread is made of a removable material by heat, this elimination can be carried out during a rise in temperature carried out with a view to the transformation of the precursor by heat treatment.
Des exemples particuliers de réalisation de préformes fibreuses conformément à l'invention seront maintenant décrits à titre indicatif, mais non limitatif.Particular examples of making fiber preforms in accordance with the invention will now be described for information, but not limitation.
Une texture bidimensionnelle (2D) est formée par tissage d'un fil de fibres non retordues en PAN (polyacrylonitrile) préoxydé guipées par un fil de PVA (alcool polyvinylique). Les caractéristiques du tissu 2D sont les suivantes :
- - titre du fil PAN préoxydé
- : Nm2
- - fil de guipage PVA
- : 45 dtex
- - armure de tissage
- : satin de 8
- - nombre de fils en chaîne
- : 10/cm
- - nombre de fils en trame
- : 10/cm
- - masse surfacique
- : 1050 g/m²
- - title of the pre-oxidized PAN wire
- : Nm2
- - PVA covering wire
- : 45 dtex
- - weaving weave
- : satin 8
- - number of warp threads
- : 10 / cm
- - number of threads in the weft
- : 10 / cm
- - surface mass
- : 1050 g / m²
Après tissage, le tissu est lavé dans un bain d'eau à 80°C pendant 10mn puis essoré et séché. Le fil de guipage PVA est complètement dissous et les fibres des fils de PAN préoxydé s'expansent au sein du tissu permettant un aiguilletage direct de celui-ci, sans apport d'une couche de feutre.After weaving, the fabric is washed in a water bath at 80 ° C for 10 minutes, then wrung and dried. The PVA covering yarn is completely dissolved and the fibers of the preoxidized PAN yarns expand within the fabric allowing direct needling thereof, without adding a layer of felt.
Plusieurs couches de tissu sont alors superposées et aiguilletées pour réaliser une préforme fibreuses. Celle-ci est ensuite soumise à un traitement thermique (carbonisation) pour transformer le PAN préoxydé en carbone. Une préforme fibreuse en fibres de carbone est alors obtenue. Le tissu décrit plus haut permet l'obtention d'une préforme aiguilletée dans laquelle le taux de fibres en carbone est d'environ 30 % (pourcentage du volume apparent de la préforme effectivement occupé par les fibres).Several layers of fabric are then superimposed and needled to make a fibrous preform. This is then subjected to a heat treatment (carbonization) to transform the pre-oxidized PAN into carbon. A fibrous carbon fiber preform is then obtained. The fabric described above makes it possible to obtain a needled preform in which the carbon fiber content is approximately 30% (percentage of the apparent volume of the preform actually occupied by the fibers).
La préforme en fibres de carbone peut ensuite être densifiée par un matériau constitutif d'une matrice, par exemple du carbone ou une céramique, afin d'obtenir le matériau composite désiré à renfort en fibres de carbone. La densification est réalisée par voie liquide ou par infiltration chimique en phase vapeur. Le foisonnement des fibres au sein de la texture fibreuse, résultant du relâchement des fibres non retordues après élimination du fil de guipage, évite la formation de volumes morts au sein de la préforme et favorise par conséquent une densification plus complète et plus homogène.The carbon fiber preform can then be densified by a material constituting a matrix, for example carbon or a ceramic, in order to obtain the composite material. desired with carbon fiber reinforcement. Densification is carried out by liquid means or by chemical vapor infiltration. The proliferation of fibers within the fibrous texture, resulting from the loosening of the untwisted fibers after elimination of the covering yarn, avoids the formation of dead volumes within the preform and consequently promotes a more complete and more homogeneous densification.
Une texture est formée par tissage multicouche d'un fil de fibres en carbure de silicium (SiC) non retordues guipées par un fil de PVA. Les caractéristiques du tissu sont les suivantes :
- - titre du fil SiC
- : Nm 3
- - fil de guipage PVA
- : 45 dtex
- - armure de tissage
- : Interlock
- - nombre de couches
- : 5
- - nombre de fils en chaîne
- : 40/cm
- - nombre de fils en trame
- : 30/cm
- - épaisseur du tissu
- : 3 mm
- - title of the SiC thread
- : Nm 3
- - PVA covering wire
- : 45 dtex
- - weaving weave
- : Interlock
- - number of layers
- : 5
- - number of warp threads
- : 40 / cm
- - number of threads in the weft
- : 30 / cm
- - fabric thickness
- : 3 mm
Après tissage, la texture est trempée dans un bain d'eau à 80°C pendant 15 mn puis essorée et séchée. On constate que le fil de PVA est dissous et que les fibres SiC s'expansent au sein de la texture. Le taux volumique de fibres dans la texture tissée comme indiquée ci-dessus est d'environ 30%.After weaving, the texture is soaked in a water bath at 80 ° C for 15 minutes, then wrung and dried. It is noted that the PVA yarn is dissolved and that the SiC fibers expand within the texture. The volume content of fibers in the woven texture as indicated above is approximately 30%.
Comme indiquée à propos de l'exemple 1, la texture obtenue se prête particulièrement bien à une densification ultérieure par voie liquide ou gazeuse.As indicated in connection with Example 1, the texture obtained lends itself particularly well to subsequent densification by the liquid or gaseous route.
Une préforme en fibres de carbone peut être fabriquée directement à partir de fibres de carbone, y compris des fibres à haute résistance.A carbon fiber preform can be made directly from carbon fibers, including high strength fibers.
Il est aussi possible de réaliser une préforme en fibres céramique, telles que des fibres SiC, à partir d'un précurseur de SiC, comme le polycarbosilane (PCS).It is also possible to produce a preform in ceramic fibers, such as SiC fibers, from a SiC precursor, such as polycarbosilane (PCS).
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR909015128A FR2669940B1 (en) | 1990-12-03 | 1990-12-03 | WIRE FORMED FROM REFRACTORY FIBERS OR PRECURSORS THEREOF AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE MANUFACTURE OF PARTS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL. |
| FR9015128 | 1990-12-03 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0489637A1 true EP0489637A1 (en) | 1992-06-10 |
| EP0489637B1 EP0489637B1 (en) | 1995-03-29 |
Family
ID=9402850
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91403260A Expired - Lifetime EP0489637B1 (en) | 1990-12-03 | 1991-12-02 | Procedure for the fabrication of a fibrous preform made of fire-resistant fibres in order to produce a composite material |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5228175A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0489637B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2854178B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2056789C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69108530T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2669940B1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996037646A1 (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1996-11-28 | Societe Europeenne De Propulsion | Hybrid yarn for the fabrication of fibre preforms of composite parts, and method for its preparation |
| EP2636776A1 (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2013-09-11 | Goodrich Corporation | Helical woven carbon fiber fabric with reduced yarn crimp and manufacturing method therof |
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| EP0495570B1 (en) * | 1991-01-16 | 1999-04-28 | Sgl Carbon Composites, Inc. | Silicon carbide fiber reinforced carbon composites |
| US6465100B1 (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 2002-10-15 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Densification of composite preforms by liquid resin infiltration assisted by rigid-barrier actinic gelation |
| JP2755361B2 (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1998-05-20 | 徹 糸井 | Method for manufacturing multiple woven fabrics |
| US6248417B1 (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 2001-06-19 | Cytec Technology Corp. | Needled near netshape carbon preforms having polar woven substrates and methods of producing same |
| US5952075A (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 1999-09-14 | Fiberite, Inc. | Needled near netshape carbon preforms having polar woven substrates and methods of producing same |
| FR2770233B1 (en) * | 1997-10-27 | 2000-01-14 | Messier Bugatti | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING CARBON FIBER PREFORMS |
| DE10061028A1 (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-20 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Process for producing multilayer TFP preforms using fusible fixing threads |
| US20030157323A1 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2003-08-21 | Mikhail Khavkine | Hybrid yarns which include oil seed flax plant bast fiber and other fibers and fabrics made with such yarns |
| US6820406B2 (en) | 2001-05-14 | 2004-11-23 | Cargill, Incorporated | Hybrid yarns which include plant bast fiber and thermoplastic fiber, reinforcement fabrics made with such yarns and thermoformable composites made with such yarns and reinforcement fabrics |
| US6833399B2 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2004-12-21 | Cargill, Limited | Flowable flax bast fiber and flax shive blend useful as reinforcing agent |
| WO2005090664A1 (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2005-09-29 | Otas Company, Limited | Spun isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber yarn, composite yarn and woven fabric made by using the same; and processes for the production of them |
| FR2902802B1 (en) * | 2006-06-21 | 2008-12-12 | Snecma Propulsion Solide Sa | FIBROUS REINFORCING STRUCTURE FOR A PIECE OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND PART COMPRISING THE SAME |
| ES2431539T3 (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2013-11-26 | Gessner Ag | Textile substrate from a plurality of different disposable and / or recyclable materials, use of a textile substrate of this type and process for processing a textile substrate of this type |
| ITUB20152386A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2017-01-22 | Freni Brembo Spa | SHAPED MATERIAL AND MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE |
| JP6652000B2 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2020-02-19 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Preform for fiber reinforced composite material and fiber reinforced composite material |
| JP6620771B2 (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2019-12-18 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Fiber structure and fiber reinforced composite |
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| GB2021660A (en) * | 1978-04-26 | 1979-12-05 | Tba Industrial Products Ltd | Cored staple-fibre yarns |
| FR2608641A1 (en) * | 1986-12-18 | 1988-06-24 | Schappe Sa | FILE OF CARBON FIBERS |
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| US3994762A (en) * | 1972-07-21 | 1976-11-30 | Hyfil Limited | Carbon fiber composites |
| JPS5898443A (en) * | 1981-12-02 | 1983-06-11 | 新興機械株式会社 | Yarn comprising staple carbon fiber |
| US4482601A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1984-11-13 | Albany International Corp. | Wet press papermakers felt and method of fabrication |
| US4885973A (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1989-12-12 | Airfoil Textron Inc. | Method of making composite articles |
| JPH02210036A (en) * | 1989-02-09 | 1990-08-21 | Gunze Ltd | Conjugated yarn for reinforcement |
| JPH07316144A (en) * | 1994-03-29 | 1995-12-05 | Sankyo Co Ltd | Diphenylmethylpiperazine derivative |
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- 1991-12-02 DE DE69108530T patent/DE69108530T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-02 CA CA002056789A patent/CA2056789C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-02 US US07/801,700 patent/US5228175A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-03 JP JP3318953A patent/JP2854178B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| GB2021660A (en) * | 1978-04-26 | 1979-12-05 | Tba Industrial Products Ltd | Cored staple-fibre yarns |
| FR2608641A1 (en) * | 1986-12-18 | 1988-06-24 | Schappe Sa | FILE OF CARBON FIBERS |
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| Title |
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| JAPANESE PATENTS GAZETTE SECTION CH, WEEK 8329,11 JUNE 1983 DERWENT PUBLICATIONS LIMITED.,LONDON GB * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 509 (C-0776)7 Novembre 1990 & JP-A-02 210 036 ( SATO AKIHIRO ) 21 Août 1990 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996037646A1 (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1996-11-28 | Societe Europeenne De Propulsion | Hybrid yarn for the fabrication of fibre preforms of composite parts, and method for its preparation |
| FR2734581A1 (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1996-11-29 | Europ Propulsion | HYBRID WIRE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FIBROUS PREFORMS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PIECES AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME |
| US6051313A (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 2000-04-18 | Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation | Hybrid yarn for the fabrication of fibre preforms of composite parts, and method for its preparation |
| US6228786B1 (en) | 1995-05-24 | 2001-05-08 | Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation | Hybrid yard for the fabrication of fiber preforms of composite parts, and method for its preparation |
| EP2636776A1 (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2013-09-11 | Goodrich Corporation | Helical woven carbon fiber fabric with reduced yarn crimp and manufacturing method therof |
| US10648106B2 (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2020-05-12 | Goodrich Corporation | Systems and methods for reduced crimp carbon fiber helical fabric |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2669940B1 (en) | 1994-10-21 |
| JP2854178B2 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
| JPH0586534A (en) | 1993-04-06 |
| DE69108530D1 (en) | 1995-05-04 |
| EP0489637B1 (en) | 1995-03-29 |
| FR2669940A1 (en) | 1992-06-05 |
| US5228175A (en) | 1993-07-20 |
| CA2056789A1 (en) | 1992-06-04 |
| CA2056789C (en) | 1999-01-05 |
| DE69108530T2 (en) | 1995-12-21 |
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