EP0488423B1 - Flux for use in a dry process for flux treatment for molten metal coating, and a process for manufacturing steel coated with molten metal - Google Patents
Flux for use in a dry process for flux treatment for molten metal coating, and a process for manufacturing steel coated with molten metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0488423B1 EP0488423B1 EP91120665A EP91120665A EP0488423B1 EP 0488423 B1 EP0488423 B1 EP 0488423B1 EP 91120665 A EP91120665 A EP 91120665A EP 91120665 A EP91120665 A EP 91120665A EP 0488423 B1 EP0488423 B1 EP 0488423B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flux
- chloride
- zinc
- group
- steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/30—Fluxes or coverings on molten baths
Definitions
- This invention relates to a water-soluble flux which is used for the treatment of iron or steel to be coated with molten zinc, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum further containing other elements, or molten aluminum.
- the material to be coated is subjected to pretreatment by a process comprising the steps of degreasing, rinsing with water, pickling, rinsing with water, and flux treatment.
- the flux treatment of the steel to be coated is usually carried out by a dry process comprising dipping it in an aqueous flux solution, and drying it, though there is also a wet process.
- a great deal of research work has, therefore, been made to obtain a coating giving a higher degree of corrosion resistance by electroplating or molten metal coating.
- a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum has, among others, drawn attention as being able to form a coating providing a high degree of corrosion resistance, and is already used to some extent or other for coating steel sheets. It is employed in a continuous coating process which is carried out in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
- LU-A-75821 relates to a flux composition to be used in the coating in a molten zinc bath, the flux composition containing as indispensable elements zinc chloride, sodium chloride and magnesium chloride. In LU-A-75821 it is further recommended to add hexamethylenetetramine or tetradecylamine as an anti-corrosive agent to the flux composition.
- WO-A-87 05337 discloses a fluoride-free flux composition for the hot galvanizing in aluminum-containing zinc baths.
- the flux composition contains ammonium chloride as an essential component, and it is further recommended to include hexamethylenetetramine or tetradecylamine in the flux composition.
- US-A-3 030 241 relates to a galvanizing flux composition and treatment.
- the flux composition comprises zinc chloride, sal-ammoniac, an ester-type non-ionic surface active agent, and a quarternary ammonium salt in an aqueous solution.
- An alkyl quaternary ammonium salt with alkyl group having 7 to 18 carbons is preferably used.
- the preferred alkyl quaternary ammonium salts are alkyltrimethylammonium chloride and dialkyldimethylammonium chloride.
- An aqueous flux solution preferably comprises, in an aqueous solution, 10 to 50% by weight of at least one of zinc chloride and stannous chloride, 1 to 20% by weight of at least one of alkali metal chloride and alkaline earth metal chloride, and 0.1 to 30% by weight of at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium salt wherein the alkyl groups have 1 to 18 carbons.
- the flux of this invention is particularly effective for the treatment of the material to be coated with molten zinc, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum further containing other elements, or molten aluminum.
- zinc chloride or stannous chloride dissolves the oxide which remains as a thin layer on the surface of the steel to be coated, and the oxide which forms a film on the surface of a molten bath. If the proportion of the chloride is less than 10 % by weight in solution, the flux does not have a satisfactory power of dissolving the oxides. If it excees 50% by weight in solution, the flux undergoes crystallization at a low temperature and is also too viscous to use easily.
- the alkali metal chloride, or alkaline earth metal chloride maintains the flux in a solution having an appropriate degree of viscosity at a coating temperature. If the proportion of the salt is less than 1% by weight in solution, the flux is too low in viscosity to adhere satisfactorily to the material to be coated. If it exceeds 20% by weight in solution, the flux is so high in viscosity that an undesirably large amount of flux adheres to the material to be coated.
- the aliphatic nitrogen derivative bubbles on the surface of the steel dipped in a molten bath and removes the waste of the flux from the steel surface to improve the wetting of the steel surface with the molten metal. If the proportion of the derivative is less than 0.1% by weight in solution, the flux fails to exhibit any such action. If it exceeds 30% by weight in solution, the flux is too expensive, and what is worse, it leaves bare spots on the steel dipped in a molten bath.
- the flux of this invention is not only suitable for the treatment of the material to be coated with a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum further containing other elements or molten aluminum, but also it can be used for ordinary hot dip galvanizing.
- the treatment of steel with the flux of this invention after its degreasing, rinsing with water, and pickling, enables a good coating to be formed on the steel surface by a single-stage dip-coating process where the steel to be coated is dipped directly in a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum further containing other elements or molten aluminum.
- a single-stage dip-coating process can be employed in an ordinary hot dip galvanizing.
- the flux of this invention consists of at least one chloride selected from the group consisting of zinc chloride and stannous chloride, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal chloride and at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium salt wherein the alkyl groups have 1 to 18 carbons.
- the alkali metal chloride may be the chloride, such as lithium, sodium or potassium.
- the alkaline earth metal chloride may be the chloride, such as beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium or barium.
- Preferred examples of the alkyl quaternary ammonium salts are alkyltrimethylammonium chloride and dialkyldimethylammonium chloride. Examples of the alkyl groups which they may contain are octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, octadecenyl, and octadecadienyl.
- An aqueous flux solution preferably comprises, in solution, 10 to 50% by weight of zinc chloride and/or stannous chloride, 1 to 20% by weight of at least one alkali metal chloride or alkaline earth metal chloride and 0.1 to 30 % by weight of at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium salt wherein the alkyl groups have 1 to 18 carbons.
- it comprises, in solution, 30 to 40% by weight of zinc chloride or stannous chloride, or both, 5 to 10% by weight of at least one alkali metal chloride or alkaline earth metal chloride, and 1 to 10% by weight of at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, wherein the alkyl groups have 1 to 18 carbons.
- the flux preferably containes, for example, ZnCl 2 , and NaCl in a molar ratio of 4:1 and ZnCl 2 and CaCl 2 in a molar ratio of 3:1 if it is used for the treatment of the material to be coated in a bath having a temperature of 400 °C to 600 °C, and ZnCl 2 and NaCl in a molar ratio of 3:1 and ZnCl 2 and CaCl 2 in a molar ratio of 2:1 if It is used for the treatment of the material to be coated in a bath having a temperature of 600 °C to 700 °C.
- the process of this invention comprises the steps of pretreating the steel to be coated, treating it with the flux of this invention, coating it with molten metal by dipping it in a bath of the molter metal, and cooling it.
- the process is applicable not only to large structural steel parts or members, as for towers, bridges and buildings, but also to various other materials, such as castings or forgings, steel sheets for automobiles, and wires.
- the pretreatment of the steel to be coated is carried out by dipping it for 30 to 60 minutes in an alkali solution containing sodium hydroxide and sodium orthosilicate in a weight ratio of 1:1, having a concentration of 10 to 15%, and kept at a temperature of 60 °C to 80 °C, rinsing it with water, dipping it for 30 to 60 minutes in a 10 to 15% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid containing 0.5 to 0.7% of a pickling inhibitor, and kept at a temperature of 50 °C to 70 °C to remove scale and rust from it, and rinsing it with water, as is known in the art.
- the flux treatment of the steel is carried out by dipping it for one or two minutes in a tank filled with the flux of this invention and heated to an appropriate temperature, which is at least 20 °C, whereby a layer of the flux is formed on the surface of the steel.
- an appropriate temperature which is at least 20 °C
- the flux solution can be used at ordinary temperature, it had better be heated to an appropriate temperature, so that a smaller amount of the flux solution may be carried over with the steel as treated, and so that a higher efficiency of treatment may be achieved.
- the step of coating it is carried out by dipping it for one to 10 minutes in a bath of molten metal, such as molten zinc, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum further containing other elements, or molten aluminum, which is held at a temperatuer of 400 °C to 700 °C, as is known in the art.
- molten metal such as molten zinc, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum further containing other elements, or molten aluminum, which is held at a temperatuer of 400 °C to 700 °C, as is known in the art.
- This is a single-stage coating process.
- the dipping time depends on the overall size and shape of the material to be coated, and the thickness of the steel, but one to 10 minutes is preferable, since a longer time of dipping results in the undesirable promotion of an alloying reaction between iron, which is the principal constituent of steel, and zinc.
- the melting points of zinc, aluminum and an alloy of zinc and aluminum are as shown by a phase diagram in FIGURE 1, and hardly change, even if a small amount of other metal may be added.
- the temperature of the molten bath depends on the material, construction and heat capacity of the material to be coated, though it is usualy at least 10°C higher than the melting point of the metal or alloy forming the bath. After the passage of an appropriate dipping time, the steel as coated is lifted from the bath at an appropriate speed, so that the liquid metal or alloy may be removed from it.
- the cooling of the coated steel is carried out by dipping it in water having a temperature of 30°C to 50°C for one or two minutes, or alternatively, by exposing it to air if it is a sheet, bar, or other material having a small heat capacity.
- a uniform and beautiful coating which is free from any bare spots, roughness, or lumpiness is formed on the steel surface.
- FIGURE 2 is a graph showing the relation as found between the molten bath temperature and the coating weight when steel sheets each having a width of 75 mm, a length of 150 mm and a thickness of 4.2 mm and treated with the flux of this invention were coated by dipping for two minutes in a bath of a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum containing 5% of aluminum (5Al-Zn).
- the 5Al-Zn alloy has a melting point of about 380°C, as shown in FIGURE 1. Therefore, it is theoretically possible to carry out dip coating if the molten bath has a temperature which is higher than 380 °C, and lower than the transformation temperature of iron.
- the coating weight is, however, largely dependent or the molten bath temperature, as shown in FIGURE 2, and is too small to be industrially acceptable if the temperature is too low.
- the temperature of 400 °C to 700 °C is, therefore, employed for the purpose of this invention.
- the coating weight reaches the maximum range when the temperature is in the range of about 500 °C to 530 °C, as is obvious from FIGURE 2.
- the molten bath temperature and the dipping time need, therefore, be controlled in accordance with the thickness of the coating to be formed on the steel to be coated.
- a lustrous and smooth coating having a silver white color and free from any bare spots, or other defect could be formed on the surface of the sheet.
- a lustrous and smooth coating having a silver while color and free from any bare spots, or other defect could be formed on the surface of the sheet.
- the flux according to this invention consisting of at least one chloride selected from the group consisting of zinc chloride and stannous chloride, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal chloride and at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium salt wherein the alkyl groups have 1 to 18 carbons, enables a uniform coating giving high corrosion resistance to be formed on a steel surface from a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum by a single-stage dip-coating process without leaving any bare spots, though the single-stage process has hitherto been employed for hot dip galvanizing and considered difficult to employ for coating with a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum.
- the flux of this invention is effective for the treatment of, among others, the material to be coated with a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum.
- the flux of this invention is also useful for the treatment of the material to be coated with molten aluminum, for which it has been usual to employ a wet process for treatment with a flux containing fluoride, etc.
- the flux of this invention is less likely to corrode the pot containing molten aluminum, as it consists mainly of chlorides. Moreover, the dry process improves the efficiency of the flux treatment.
- the flux of this invention is, of course, useful for the treatment of the material to be coated with galvanizing, too. It does not undergo any substantial fuming when the material to be coated is dipped in a zinc bath, as it does not contain any ammonium chloride, unlike the conventional flux, and enables the formation of a good coating.
- a particularly good coating can be formed when an aqueous flux solution comprises, in solution, 10 to 50% by weight of zinc chloride or stannous chloride, or both. 1 to 20% by weight of at least one alkali metal chloride or alkaline earth metal chloride, and 0.1 to 30 % by weight of at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, wherein the alkyl groups have 1 to 18 carbons.
- the process of this invention including treatment with the flux of this invention comprises the steps of pretreating the steel to be coated by dipping it in an alkali bath to degrease it, rinsing it with water, and pickling it; treating the steel by dipping it in an aqueous flux solution consisting of at least one chloride selected from the group consisting of zinc chloride and stannous chloride, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal chloride, and an alkaline earth metal chloride, and at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium salt with alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbons in an aqueous solution; dipping said steel in a bath of molten metal to form a coating of said metal thereon ; and cooling said steel by dipping it in water, or by allowing it to cool in the air.
- this process enables the manufacture of steel coated with a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum, or molten aluminum by a single dipping operation which has hitherto been considered difficult.
- the process is, of course, useful for the manufacture of steels coated with other metals or alloys, too.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Description
Claims (10)
- A flux for use in a dry process for the flux treatment of the material to be coated with molten metal, said flux consisting of (i) at least one chloride selected from the group consisting of zinc chloride and stannous chloride, (ii) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal chloride and (iii) at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium salt wherein the alkyl groups have 1 to 18 carbons.
- The flux according to claim 1, wherein said alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt with alkyl group having 7 to 18 carbons.
- The flux according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is selected from the group consisting of alkyltrimethylammonium chloride and dialkyldimethylammonium chloride.
- An aqueous flux solution consisting of the flux according to any of claims 1 to 3 and water, wherein said flux solution comprises, in aqueous solution, 10 to 50% by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of zinc chloride and stannous chloride, and 0.1 to 30% by weight of said alkyl quaternary ammonium salt.
- An aqueous flux solution consisting of the flux according to any of claims 1 to 3 and water, wherein said flux solution comprises, in aqueous solution, 1 to 20% by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal chloride, and 0.1 to 30% by weight of said alkyl quaternary ammonium salt.
- An aqueous flux solution consisting of the flux according to any of claims 1 to 3 and water, wherein said flux solution comprises, in aqueous solution, 10 to 50% by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of zinc chloride and stannous chloride, 1 to 20% by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal chloride, and 0.1 to 30% by weight of said alkyl quaternary ammonium salt.
- A process for manufacturing steel coated with molten metal comprising the steps of:pretreating the steel to be coated by dipping it in an alkali bath to degrease it, rinsing it with water, and pickling it;treating said steel by dipping it in an aqueous flux solution consisting of (i) at least one chloride selected from the group consisting of zinc chloride and stannous chloride, (ii) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal chloride and an alkaline earth metal chloride, and (iii) at least one alkyl quaternary ammonium salt with alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbons, in an aqueous solution;dipping said steel in a bath of molten metal to form a coating of said metal thereon; andcooling said steel by dipping it in water, or by allowing it to cool in the air.
- The process according to claim 7, wherein said alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt with alkyl group having 7 to 18 carbons.
- The process according to claim 7 or 8, wherein said alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is selected from the group consisting of alkyltrimethylammonium chloride and dialkyldimethylammonium chloride.
- The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, wherein said molten metal is selected from the group consisting of molten zinc, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum, a molten alloy of zinc and aluminum further containing other elements, and molten aluminum.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2339495A JPH079056B2 (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Flux for hot-dip metal plating by dry flux method and method for producing hot-dip metal plated steel material using this flux |
JP339495/90 | 1990-11-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0488423A1 EP0488423A1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
EP0488423B1 true EP0488423B1 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
Family
ID=18328011
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91120665A Expired - Lifetime EP0488423B1 (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1991-12-02 | Flux for use in a dry process for flux treatment for molten metal coating, and a process for manufacturing steel coated with molten metal |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0488423B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH079056B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100392565B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU639843B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2056666C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69129180T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2116991T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU7554394A (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-02-28 | Ferro Technologies, Inc. | Lead-free galvanizing technique |
TW374096B (en) * | 1995-01-10 | 1999-11-11 | Nihon Parkerizing | Process for hot dip-coating a steel material with a molten aluminum alloy according to an one-stage metal alloy coating method using a flux |
KR100413376B1 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2004-01-03 | 김정섭 | Flux compositions for hot dip galvanizing |
CA2628470C (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2011-10-18 | Teck Cominco Metals Ltd. | Flux and process for hot dip galvanization |
US9243315B2 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2016-01-26 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | High-strength Zn—Al coated steel wire for bridges with excellent corrosion resistance and fatigue properties and method for manufacturing the same |
GB2507311B (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2018-08-29 | Fontaine Holdings Nv | Flux compositions for steel galvanization |
GB2507310B (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2018-08-29 | Fontaine Holdings Nv | Flux compositions for hot dip galvanization |
GB2507309A (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2014-04-30 | Fontaine Holdings Nv | Continuous single dip galvanisation process |
PL2915607T3 (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2019-11-29 | Fontaine Holdings Nv | Galvanized metal objects and their manufacturing process |
CN107525739B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2023-08-29 | 山东交通学院 | Test device and test method for determining minimum use temperature of liquid snow-melting agent |
JP7311767B2 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2023-07-20 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | FLUX AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING Zn-Al-Mg-BASED PLATED STEEL PRODUCT USING THE SAME |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2813044A (en) * | 1954-03-29 | 1957-11-12 | Poor & Co | Galvanizing process and flux composition |
US3030241A (en) * | 1959-02-24 | 1962-04-17 | Jr Frederick C Brightly | Galvanizing flux composition and treatment |
US3816188A (en) * | 1972-12-18 | 1974-06-11 | Du Pont | Low-fuming galvanizing fluxes |
LU75821A1 (en) * | 1976-09-17 | 1977-05-04 | ||
LU86339A1 (en) * | 1986-03-04 | 1987-11-11 | Foridienne Chimie N V | FLUORIDE-FREE FLOW COMPOSITIONS FOR HOT GALVANIZATION IN ALUMINUM ZINC BATHS |
DE3834733A1 (en) * | 1988-10-12 | 1990-04-19 | Basf Ag | FLUID FOR FIRE GALVANIZATION |
-
1990
- 1990-11-30 JP JP2339495A patent/JPH079056B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-11-29 AU AU88285/91A patent/AU639843B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-11-30 KR KR1019910021847A patent/KR100392565B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-02 DE DE69129180T patent/DE69129180T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-02 ES ES91120665T patent/ES2116991T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-02 EP EP91120665A patent/EP0488423B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-02 CA CA002056666A patent/CA2056666C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100392565B1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
DE69129180D1 (en) | 1998-05-07 |
AU8828591A (en) | 1992-06-04 |
EP0488423A1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
ES2116991T3 (en) | 1998-08-01 |
DE69129180T2 (en) | 1998-11-12 |
AU639843B2 (en) | 1993-08-05 |
JPH079056B2 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
CA2056666C (en) | 1995-05-30 |
CA2056666A1 (en) | 1993-06-03 |
JPH04202751A (en) | 1992-07-23 |
KR920010014A (en) | 1992-06-26 |
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