EP0487551B1 - Electromagnetic rotating actuator - Google Patents
Electromagnetic rotating actuator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0487551B1 EP0487551B1 EP90911275A EP90911275A EP0487551B1 EP 0487551 B1 EP0487551 B1 EP 0487551B1 EP 90911275 A EP90911275 A EP 90911275A EP 90911275 A EP90911275 A EP 90911275A EP 0487551 B1 EP0487551 B1 EP 0487551B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- restoring element
- rotary actuator
- permanent magnet
- actuator according
- magnet segments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
- H01F7/145—Rotary electromagnets with variable gap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
Definitions
- the invention is based on a turntable according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a turntable with a magnetic return element which, in the event of a power failure of the servomotor, causes the armature of the turntable to a defined rest position transferred.
- the known restoring element consists of two further permanent magnets connected to the armature.
- the maximum torque of the restoring element counteracting the control torque is undesirably large.
- the additional magnets also result in high costs.
- the turntable according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the reset element has a much simpler structure, a more favorable torque characteristic and is cheaper to produce.
- Another advantage is the simplification of assembly and the elimination of the need to set the emergency running point in the assembled state of the turntable.
- the angular tolerances remain small enough even in large series production.
- the torque curve can be easily optimized by varying the shape of the air gap, the angle of coverage with the permanent magnets and the thickness of the contour of the restoring element.
- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a turntable
- Figure 2 shows a section through the turntable according to line II-II in Figure 1.
- the rotary actuator 1 has a servomotor 2, the rotor of which acts on a throttle element 3 which is arranged in a bypass line 4 to an intake pipe 5 with a throttle valve for regulating the idle combustion air of an internal combustion engine.
- the throttle element 3 is designed as a rotary slide valve, which more or less closes a control opening 6 in the bypass line 4.
- the servomotor 2 consists of a central stator 7 with field windings 8 and a cup-shaped rotor 9 which has two preferably non-polar permanent magnet segments 10 which are arranged on its wall in the form of a cylinder jacket and lie opposite one another. These permanent magnet segments are bowl-shaped and cover an angular range of approximately 135 ° each.
- the rotor 9 has a shaft 11 which is mounted in two bearings 13, 14 held in a housing 12 with low friction.
- the throttle element 3 is mounted on the shaft 11 in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the stator 7 is mounted on a housing cap 16, which covers the rotor 9 and the stator 7 and is connected to the housing 12.
- the stator 7 carries on its axis 17 facing the housing 12 a restoring element 18 made of ferromagnetic material.
- the reset element 18 is thus, like the stator 7, non-rotatable. It is designed as a thin disk and is located in the effective area of the permanent magnet segments 10 of the rotor 9.
- the restoring element extends radially up to close to the permanent magnets 10 without touching them. In order to avoid edge effects, the permanent magnet segments 10 protrude beyond the restoring element 18 in the axial extent.
- the restoring element can also be arranged on the end of the axis 17 facing away from the housing 12.
- the restoring element 18 (see FIG. 2) consists of a central part 19, for example pressed onto the axis 17, with a central bore 20, which carries two opposite radial extensions 21 extending in the form of spokes. At the outer ends of the extensions 21 there are in each case two arms 22, 23, 24, 25 of equal length, which are directed laterally away and which extend approximately along a circular line forming the circumference of the restoring element 18. Two arms 22 and 25 or 24 and 23 together form magnetic poles 26 and 27 of the restoring element 18.
- the magnetic field lines through the poles 26 and 27 and through the permanent magnet segments 10 are shown in broken lines in FIG.
- the upper permanent magnet segment 10 forms a magnetic north pole on its inside facing the restoring element 18, the lower segment 10 a south pole.
- a magnetic south pole is then formed at the pole 26 of the reset element 18 and a magnetic north pole is formed at the pole 27. Since each pole 26, 27 has two arms, two systems of closed magnetic field lines form at each pole. There is a distance of, for example, 45 ° between two arms 22, 25 and 23, 24, respectively, so that the free ends of the arms 22 to 25 do not touch.
- the restoring element 18 has segments 28, 29 in the form of segments of a circle in the direction of the extensions 21.
- the segments are approximately as wide as the circumferential gaps 30 of the same width, which are formed by the magnet segments 10, each of approximately 45 °.
- the radial width of the arms 22 to 25 is small; it is preferably smaller than the thickness of the restoring element 18 measured in the direction of the axis 17.
- the reset element 18 has the task of transferring the rotor and thus the throttle element 3 in the de-energized state of the servomotor 2 into a defined position, namely the idle idle position and holding it there, in order to open the emergency cross-section by means of the throttle element in the bypass line 4 ensure about the sufficient air can flow for the safe continued operation of the internal combustion engine.
- a sufficient restoring torque must be available in every operating position of the throttle element 3.
- the maximum of the restoring torque must not exceed the control torque of the servomotor.
- the reset element 18 In the idle idle position of the rotor, the reset element 18 is in its magnetic latching point shown in FIG. 2.
- the cutouts 28, 29 of the restoring element 18 lie exactly opposite the circumferential gaps 30 of the permanent magnet segments 10 at this latching point.
- the torque curve of the restoring element 18 over the angle of rotation is flatter compared to a conventional turntable and steeper in the locking position, so that this remains limited to a narrow angular range of 2 ° to 3 °.
- the latching of the cutouts 28, 29 on the gaps 30 of the permanent magnet segments 10 contributes significantly to the great accuracy with which the rest position is maintained, which is more precise than in the case of restoring elements without cutouts, whose uninterrupted poles snap onto the magnet center.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Drehsteller nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1. Aus der JP-GM-OS 60-88044 ist bereits ein solcher Drehsteller mit einem magnetischen Rückstellelement bekannt, das bei Ausfall der Stromversorgung des Stellmotors den Anker des Drehstellers in eine definierte Ruhelage überführt. Das bekannte Rückstellelement besteht neben den gehäusefesten Permanentmagneten aus zwei weiteren, mit dem Anker verbundenen Permanentmagneten. Dies führt infolge des kleinen Drehmomentgradienten in der Ruhelage zu einer relativ geringen Rückstellkraft. Andererseits ist das dem Regeldrehmoment entgegenwirkende Maximaldrehmoment des Rückstellelements unerwünscht groß. Außerdem entstehen hohe Kosten durch die zusätzlichen Magnete.The invention is based on a turntable according to the preamble of
Der erfindungsgemäße Drehsteller mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß das Rückstellelement bei einem wesentlich vereinfachten Aufbau eine günstigere Drehmomentenkennlinie aufweist und preiswerter herstellbar ist.The turntable according to the invention with the characterizing features of
Ein weiterer Vorteil ist in der Montageerleicherung und dem Wegfall einer Einstellung des Notlaufpunktes in montiertem Zustand des Drehstellers zu sehen. Darüberhinaus bleiben die Winkeltoleranzen auch bei Großserienfertigung klein genug. Weiterhin läßt sich durch Formvariation von Luftspalt, Überdeckungswinkel mit den Permanentmagneten und Dicke der Kontur des Rückstellelements der Drehmomentenverlauf leicht optimieren.Another advantage is the simplification of assembly and the elimination of the need to set the emergency running point in the assembled state of the turntable. In addition, the angular tolerances remain small enough even in large series production. Furthermore, the torque curve can be easily optimized by varying the shape of the air gap, the angle of coverage with the permanent magnets and the thickness of the contour of the restoring element.
Durch die in den Ansprüchen 2ff aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Drehstellers möglich. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Anpassung der Ausschnitte in den Polen des Rückstellelements an die Breite der Umfangslücken zwischen den Permanentmagnetsegmenten. Dadurch wird eine sehr genaue Einhaltung der Raststellung erreicht, in die sich das Rückstellelement in stromlosem Zustand des Stellmotors zurückdreht. Durch die Verwendung der Permanentmagneten des Antriebs auch für die Rückstelleinrichtung werden Teile gespart. Die scheibenförmige Bauform reduziert die axiale Baulänge der Rückstelleinrichtung. Durch die geringe radiale Breite der Arme des Rückstellelements wird die magnetische Remanenz gering gehalten und ein genaueres Einhalten der Raststellung erreicht.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the rotary actuator specified in
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Figur 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch einen Drehsteller, Figur 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch den Drehsteller gemäß Linie II-II in Figur 1.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a turntable, Figure 2 shows a section through the turntable according to line II-II in Figure 1.
Der Drehsteller 1 hat einen Stellmotor 2, dessen Rotor auf ein Drosselorgan 3 wirkt, das in einer Bypassleitung 4 zu einem Ansaugrohr 5 mit Drosselklappe für die Regelung der Leerlaufverbrennungsluft einer Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet ist. Das Drosselorgan 3 ist als Drehschieber ausgebildet, der eine Steueröffnung 6 in der Bypassleitung 4 mehr oder weniger verschließt. Der Stellmotor 2 besteht aus einem zentralen Stator 7 mit Feldwicklungen 8 und einem becherförmigen Rotor 9, der zwei an seiner zylindermantelförmigen Wand angeordnete, einander gegenüberliegende vorzugsweise ungleichpolige Permanentmagnetsegmente 10 aufweist. Diese Permanentmagnetsegmente sind schalenförmig und bedecken einen Winkelbereich von je etwa 135°. Der Rotor 9 besitzt eine Welle 11, die in zwei in einem Gehäuse 12 gehaltenen Lagern 13, 14 reibungsarm gelagert ist. An der Welle 11 ist das Drosselorgan 3 drehfest angebracht.The
Der Stator 7 ist an einer Gehäusekappe 16 montiert, die den Rotor 9 und den Stator 7 überdeckt und mit dem Gehäuse 12 verbunden ist. Der Stator 7 trägt auf seiner Achse 17 dem Gehäuse 12 zugewandt ein Rückstellelement 18 aus ferromagnetischem Werkstoff. Das Rückstellelement 18 ist somit, wie der Stator 7 undrehbar. Es ist als dünne Scheibe ausgebildet und befindet sich im Wirkungsbereich der Permanentmagnetsegmente 10 des Rotors 9. Das Rückstellelement erstreckt sich radial bis nahe an die Permanentmagnete 10, ohne diese zu berühren. Um Randeffekte zu vermeiden, überragen die Permanentmagnetsegmente 10 das Rückstellelement 18 in axialer Erstreckung. Das Rückstellelement kann auch auf dem dem Gehäuse 12 abgewandten Ende der Achse 17 angeordnet sein.The
Das Rückstellelement 18 besteht (siehe Figur 2) aus einem auf die Achse 17 z.B. aufgepressten Mittelteil 19 mit zentraler Bohrung 20, das zwei gegenüberliegende speichenförmig sich erstreckende radiale Fortsätze 21 trägt. An den äußeren Enden der Fortsätze 21 sind radkranzförmig jeweils zwei seitlich weggerichtete gleichlange Arme 22, 23, 24, 25 angebracht, die sich etwa entlang einer den Umfang des Rückstellelements 18 bildenden Kreislinie erstrecken. Jeweils zwei Arme 22 und 25 bzw. 24 und 23 bilden zusammen magnetische Pole 26 und 27 des Rückstellelements 18.The restoring element 18 (see FIG. 2) consists of a central part 19, for example pressed onto the
In Figur 2 sind gestrichelt die Mangnetfeldlinien durch die Pole 26 und 27 und durch die Permanentmagnetsegmente 10 eingezeichnet. Das obere Permanentmagnetsegment 10 bildet an seiner dem Rückstellelement 18 zugewandten Innenseite einen magnetischen Nordpol, das untere Segment 10 einen Südpol. Am Pol 26 des Rückstellelements 18 bildet sich dann ein magnetischer Südpol und am Pol 27 ein magnetischer Nordpol aus. Da jeder Pol 26, 27 zwei Arme aufweist, bilden sich zwei Systeme von geschlossenen Magnetfeldlinien an jedem Pol aus. Zwischen jeweils zwei Armen 22, 25 beziehungsweise 23, 24 besteht ein Abstand von beispielsweise 45°, so daß sich die freien Enden der Arme 22 bis 25 nicht berühren.The magnetic field lines through the
Zwischen den Polen 26, 27 hat das Rückstellelement 18 in Richtung der Fortsätze 21 kreissegmentförmige Ausschnitte 28, 29. Die Ausschnitte sind etwa so breit, wie die von den Magnetsegmenten 10 gebildeten gegenüberliegenden gleichbreiten Umfangslücken 30 von jeweils ca. 45°. Die radiale Breite der Arme 22 bis 25 ist gering; sie ist vorzugsweise kleiner als die in Richtung der Achse 17 gemessene Dicke des Rückstellelements 18.Between the
Das Rückstellelement 18 hat die Aufgabe, den Rotor und damit das Drosselorgan 3 in stromlosem Zustand des Stellmotors 2 in eine definierte Lage, nämlich die Leerlauf-Ruhestellung zu überführen und dort zu halten, um mittels des Drosselorgans in der Bypassleitung 4 die Öffnung eines Notlaufquerschnittes zu gewährleisten, über den ausreichend Luft für den sicheren Weiterlauf der Brennkraftmaschine strömen kann. Dazu muß in jeder Betriebslage des Drosselorgans 3 ein ausreichendes Rückstelldrehmoment zur Verfügung stehen. Gleichzeitig darf das Maximum des Rückstelldrehmoments nicht das Regeldrehmoment des Stellmotors überschreiten.The
In der Leerlauf-Ruhestellung des Rotors befindet sich das Rückstellelement 18 in seinem in Figur 2 gezeigten magnetischen Rastpunkt. In diesem Rastpunkt liegen die Ausschnitte 28, 29 des Rückstellelements 18 genau gegenüber den Umfangslücken 30 der Permanentmagnetsegmente 10.In the idle idle position of the rotor, the
Der Drehmomentenverlauf des Rückstellelements 18 über dem Drehwinkel ist gegenüber einem herkömmlichen Drehsteller im Maximum flacher und in der Raststellung steiler, sodaß diese auf einen engen Winkelbereich von 2° bis 3° begrenzt bleibt. Zu der großen Genauigkeit, mit der die Ruhestellung eingehalten wird, trägt maßgeblich die Rastung der Ausschnitte 28, 29 auf den Lücken 30 der Permanentmagnetsegmente 10 bei, die genauer ist als bei Rückstellelementen ohne Ausschnitte, deren ununterbrochene Pole auf Magnetmitte rasten.The torque curve of the
Claims (8)
- Electromagnetic rotary actuator (1), particularly for controlling a throttle cross section in a line (4,5), carrying operating fluid, of an internal combustion engine, comprising an actuating motor (2) with a stator (7) which is fixed with respect to a housing, and a rotatable rotor (9), one of which exhibits oppositely located permanent magnet segments (10) arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation and the other one of which exhibits field windings (8) through which current flows, and with a magnetically acting contactless restoring element (18) which is located in the field of two oppositely polarised permanent magnets (10), characterised in that the restoring element (18) consists of a magnetisable material which is not permanently magnetic and has two poles (26, 27) which extend until they are close to the permanent magnet segments (10) and in that the poles (26, 27) are separated from one another by cutouts (28, 29) arranged on the circumference of the restoring element (18), which at least weaken its magnetic effect compared with the permanent magnet segments (10).
- Rotary actuator according to Claim 1, characterised in that the cutouts (28, 29) at the restoring element (18) are of approximately the same width as the circumferential gaps (30) formed between the permanent magnet segments (10).
- Rotary actuator according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the restoring element (18) is located in the field of the permanent magnet segments (10) of the actuating motor (2), which have been extended for this purpose.
- Rotary actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the restoring element (18) consists of a disc which is thin in the axial extent.
- Rotary actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the restoring element (18), starting from its radial axis, in each case exhibits four arms (22 to 25) extending approximately along a circular line and two arms (22 and 25) and (23 and 24), respectively, in each case form a magnetic pole (26) and (27), respectively.
- Rotary actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the arms (22 to 25) are constructed to be only thin in the radial extent.
- Rotary actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the field windings (10) and the restoring element (18) are arranged at the stator (7) of the actuating motor (2).
- Rotary actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rotor (9) of the actuating motor (2) is constructed to be cup-shaped and encircling the stator (7) and the permanent magnet segments (10) are arranged on the cylindrical walls of the rotor (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3926909A DE3926909A1 (en) | 1989-08-16 | 1989-08-16 | ELECTROMAGNETIC TURNTABLE |
DE3926909 | 1989-08-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0487551A1 EP0487551A1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
EP0487551B1 true EP0487551B1 (en) | 1993-11-24 |
Family
ID=6387149
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90911275A Expired - Lifetime EP0487551B1 (en) | 1989-08-16 | 1990-08-03 | Electromagnetic rotating actuator |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0487551B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH04507328A (en) |
KR (1) | KR920704321A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6048190A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9007598A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3926909A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991003063A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3234436A (en) * | 1962-09-12 | 1966-02-08 | Daco Instr Company Inc | Rotary electromagnetic actuator |
GB1237383A (en) * | 1968-09-17 | 1971-06-30 | Ferranti Ltd | Improvements relating to rotary electromagnetic actuators |
FR2209246B1 (en) * | 1972-12-05 | 1978-03-03 | Fresard Freres Sa | |
US4500861A (en) * | 1983-02-17 | 1985-02-19 | Nelson Victor H | Sector motor having latching means for rotor in multiple positions |
-
1989
- 1989-08-16 DE DE3926909A patent/DE3926909A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-08-03 WO PCT/DE1990/000597 patent/WO1991003063A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-08-03 AU AU60481/90A patent/AU6048190A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-08-03 JP JP2510494A patent/JPH04507328A/en active Pending
- 1990-08-03 KR KR1019920700343A patent/KR920704321A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-08-03 EP EP90911275A patent/EP0487551B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-03 BR BR909007598A patent/BR9007598A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-08-03 DE DE90911275T patent/DE59003633D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR920704321A (en) | 1992-12-19 |
AU6048190A (en) | 1991-04-03 |
JPH04507328A (en) | 1992-12-17 |
EP0487551A1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
BR9007598A (en) | 1992-06-30 |
DE59003633D1 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
DE3926909A1 (en) | 1991-02-21 |
WO1991003063A1 (en) | 1991-03-07 |
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