EP0484197A1 - Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with cast metallic insert - Google Patents

Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with cast metallic insert Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0484197A1
EP0484197A1 EP91402790A EP91402790A EP0484197A1 EP 0484197 A1 EP0484197 A1 EP 0484197A1 EP 91402790 A EP91402790 A EP 91402790A EP 91402790 A EP91402790 A EP 91402790A EP 0484197 A1 EP0484197 A1 EP 0484197A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insert
cylinder head
combustion engine
internal combustion
seats
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91402790A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0484197B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Chapelle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Original Assignee
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Automobiles Peugeot SA, Automobiles Citroen SA filed Critical Automobiles Peugeot SA
Publication of EP0484197A1 publication Critical patent/EP0484197A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0484197B1 publication Critical patent/EP0484197B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0009—Cylinders, pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/04—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for air cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/248—Methods for avoiding thermal stress-induced cracks in the zone between valve seat openings

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a metal insert placed in the casting, in an internal combustion engine cylinder head, in the zones subjected to strong temperature gradients, in particular between two valve seats.
  • the invention also relates to a cylinder head fitted with such inserts.
  • inserts are generally of revolution with a cylindrical part, one end of which is arranged in the cylinder head opposite the hot surface has a folded collar intended to avoid the concentration of stresses.
  • This type of insert has the disadvantage of being sometimes driven in rotation by the tool machining the surfaces of the valve seats, hence a large scrap of cylinder heads considerably increasing the manufacturing costs.
  • the invention aims to eliminate this drawback while ensuring a good distribution of the stresses generated in operation.
  • an insert according to the invention is of the type comprising a folded-down circular collar and it is characterized in that the body of the insert, arranged in the hot zone of the cylinder head, is a cylinder of elliptical section connecting to the circular collar gradually.
  • the functional area of the elliptical body of the insert is located in the vicinity of the minor axis of the ellipse, the insert being arranged for casting so that the major axis of the ellipse is aligned with the right joining the centers of the seats of the valve seats between which the insert must establish a double junction.
  • the radius of connection of the elliptical body and the circular collar is constant over the entire periphery of the latter.
  • the angle of folding of the fallen edge constituting the flange is greater than 90 °. Finally the angles of the edge of the collar will be cut down.
  • the insert 1 made of stamped sheet metal has an axis of symmetry defined by two planes of symmetry II-II and in the plane IV-IV.
  • the body 2 of the insert is a cylinder of elliptical section.
  • the minor axis of the base ellipse is located in the II-II plane and the major axis in the IV-IV plane.
  • the body 2 is connected to a circular collar 3 produced by a beaten collar or dropped edge.
  • the radius R of connection of the fallen edge and the elliptical body is constant over the entire periphery.
  • the functional area is distributed symmetrically on either side of the minor axis of the ellipse.
  • zone Z the folding angle ⁇ of the fallen edge is greater than 90 ° and the sharp angles are cut down.
  • the large radius of the fallen edge forming the flange 3 associated with a stamped angle greater than 90 ° makes it possible to avoid peak effects which can cause stresses detrimental to the holding of the cylinder head.
  • the fallen edge 3 is embedded in the metal of the cylinder head 8 opposite the face 9 subjected to the hot gases from the combustion chamber.

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a cast metallic insert for the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, in the zones which are subject to considerable temperature gradients, particularly between two valve seats. The body 2 of the insert 1, arranged in the hot zone of the cylinder head, is a cylinder of elliptical cross-section connected to the circular flange 3 in a progressive manner. This thus prevents the insert being entrained in rotation during machining of the bearing surfaces of valve seats. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention a pour objet un insert métallique disposé à la coulée, dans une culasse de moteur à combustion interne, dans les zones soumises à de forts gradients de température, notamment entre deux sièges de soupapes.The subject of the invention is a metal insert placed in the casting, in an internal combustion engine cylinder head, in the zones subjected to strong temperature gradients, in particular between two valve seats.

L'invention a également pour objet une culasse équipée de tels inserts.The invention also relates to a cylinder head fitted with such inserts.

Pour éviter la formation de criques d'origine thermique on utilise actuellement de façon courante dans les culasses de moteurs diesel des inserts en tôle emboutie noyés dans le sable avant la coulée qui, après usinage des portées des sièges de soupape, constituent deux arcs distincts joignant ces portées dans les zones les plus vulnérables.To avoid the formation of cracks of thermal origin currently used in the cylinder heads of diesel engines inserts in pressed sheet metal embedded in the sand before casting which, after machining the surfaces of the valve seats, constitute two separate arcs joining these litters in the most vulnerable areas.

Ces inserts sont généralement de révolution avec une partie cylindrique dont une extrémité disposée dans la culasse à l'opposé de la surface chaude présente une collerette rabattue destinée à éviter la concentration des contraintes. Ce type d'insert présente l'inconvénient d'être parfois entrainé en rotation par l'outil usinant les portées des siège de soupape, d'où un rebut important de culasses augmentant considérablement les coût de fabrication.These inserts are generally of revolution with a cylindrical part, one end of which is arranged in the cylinder head opposite the hot surface has a folded collar intended to avoid the concentration of stresses. This type of insert has the disadvantage of being sometimes driven in rotation by the tool machining the surfaces of the valve seats, hence a large scrap of cylinder heads considerably increasing the manufacturing costs.

L'invention a pour but de supprimer cet inconvénient tout en assurant une bonne répartition des contraintes engendrées en fonctionnement.The invention aims to eliminate this drawback while ensuring a good distribution of the stresses generated in operation.

A cet effet un insert selon l'invention est du type comportant une collerette circulaire rabattue et il se caractérise en ce que le corps de l'insert, disposé dans la zone chaude de la culasse, est un cylindre de section elliptique se raccordant à la collerette circulaire de manière progressive.To this end, an insert according to the invention is of the type comprising a folded-down circular collar and it is characterized in that the body of the insert, arranged in the hot zone of the cylinder head, is a cylinder of elliptical section connecting to the circular collar gradually.

De préférence la zone fonctionnelle du corps elliptique de l'insert est située au voisinage du petit axe de l'ellipse, l'insert étant disposé à la coulée de telle sorte que le grand axe de l'ellipse soit aligné avec la droite joignant les centres des portées des sièges de soupapes entre lesquels l'insert doit établir une double jonction.Preferably the functional area of the elliptical body of the insert is located in the vicinity of the minor axis of the ellipse, the insert being arranged for casting so that the major axis of the ellipse is aligned with the right joining the centers of the seats of the valve seats between which the insert must establish a double junction.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention le rayon de raccordement du corps elliptique et de la collerette circulaire est constant sur tout le pourtour de cette dernière.According to another characteristic of the invention, the radius of connection of the elliptical body and the circular collar is constant over the entire periphery of the latter.

Selon une autre caractéristique l'angle de pliage du bord tombé constituant la collerette est supérieur à 90°. Enfin les angles du bord de la collerette seront abattus.According to another characteristic, the angle of folding of the fallen edge constituting the flange is greater than 90 °. Finally the angles of the edge of the collar will be cut down.

D'autres caractéristiques apparaitront à la lecture de la description suivante d'un exemple de réalisation non limitatif illustré par le dessin annexé dans lequel :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue de l'insert coté collerette en projection parallèlement à son axe de symétrie ;
  • la figure 2 montre une vue en coupe de l'insert selon le plan II - II passant par le petit axe de l'ellipse;
  • la figure 3 est un détail agrandi de la section de la collerette dans la zone fonctionnelle;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe de l'insert selon le plan IV-IV passant par le grand axe de l'ellipse;
  • la figure 5 montre de façon schématique la disposition de l'insert avant la coulée;
  • la figure 6 montre la zone de la culasse où est disposée l'insert après l'usinage des portées des sièges de soupape ;
  • la figure 7 est une coupe selon le plan VII-VII de la figure 6 montant l'insert noyé dans la culasse.
Other characteristics will appear on reading the following description of a nonlimiting exemplary embodiment illustrated by the appended drawing in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a view of the insert on the flange side in projection parallel to its axis of symmetry;
  • Figure 2 shows a sectional view of the insert according to the plane II - II passing through the minor axis of the ellipse;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged detail of the section of the flange in the functional area;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of the insert according to the plane IV-IV passing through the major axis of the ellipse;
  • Figure 5 shows schematically the arrangement of the insert before casting;
  • FIG. 6 shows the zone of the cylinder head where the insert is disposed after the machining of the seats of the valve seats;
  • Figure 7 is a section along the plane VII-VII of Figure 6 mounting the insert embedded in the cylinder head.

Tel qu'on peut le voir aux figures 1 à 4, l'insert 1 réalisé en tôle emboutie présente un axe de symétrie défini par deux plans de symétrie II-II et dans le plan IV-IV.
Le corps 2 de l'insert est un cylindre de section elliptique. Le petit axe de l'ellipse de base est situé dans le plan II-II et le grand axe dans le plan IV-IV.As can be seen in Figures 1 to 4, the insert 1 made of stamped sheet metal has an axis of symmetry defined by two planes of symmetry II-II and in the plane IV-IV.
The body 2 of the insert is a cylinder of elliptical section. The minor axis of the base ellipse is located in the II-II plane and the major axis in the IV-IV plane.

Le corps 2 est raccordé à une collerette circulaire 3 réalisée par un collet battu ou bord tombé. Le rayon R de raccord du bord tombé et du corps elliptique est constant sur tout le pourtour.The body 2 is connected to a circular collar 3 produced by a beaten collar or dropped edge. The radius R of connection of the fallen edge and the elliptical body is constant over the entire periphery.

La zone fonctionnelle est répartie symétriquement de part et d'autre du petit axe de l'ellipse.
Dans la zone Z l'angle pliage α du bord tombé est supérieur à 90° et les angles vifs sont abattus. Ces précautions sont importantes pour éviter une concentration des contraintes. Avant la coulée de la culasse (figure 5) l'insert 1 est en partie noyé dans les noyaux sable 4,5 destinés à ménager les conduits d'admission et d'échappement, le grand axe de l'ellipse du corps 2 étant positionné sur l'axe joignant les centres de ces conduits.The functional area is distributed symmetrically on either side of the minor axis of the ellipse.
In zone Z the folding angle α of the fallen edge is greater than 90 ° and the sharp angles are cut down. These precautions are important to avoid a concentration of stresses. Before casting the cylinder head (Figure 5) the insert 1 is partly embedded in the sand cores 4.5 intended to provide the intake and exhaust ducts, the major axis of the ellipse of the body 2 being positioned on the axis joining the centers of these conduits.

Lors de l'usinage des portées des sièges de soupape 6,7 (fig.6) les parties de l'insert hors la zone fonctionnelle Z sont enlevées par l'outil et, grâce à la forme elliptique de l'insert associée au bord tombé circulaire, on évite l'entrainement en rotation de celui-ci.During the machining of the seats of the valve seats 6,7 (fig. 6) the parts of the insert outside the functional zone Z are removed by the tool and, thanks to the elliptical shape of the insert associated with the edge fallen circular, it avoids the rotational drive thereof.

En fonctionnement, le grand rayon du bord tombé formant la collerette 3 associé à un angle d'embouti supérieur à 90° permet d'éviter les effets de pointe qui peuvent engendrer des contraintes préjudiciables à la tenue de la culasse.In operation, the large radius of the fallen edge forming the flange 3 associated with a stamped angle greater than 90 ° makes it possible to avoid peak effects which can cause stresses detrimental to the holding of the cylinder head.

Le bord tombé 3 est noyé dans le métal de la culasse 8 à l'opposé de la face 9 soumise aux gaz chauds de la chambre de combustion.The fallen edge 3 is embedded in the metal of the cylinder head 8 opposite the face 9 subjected to the hot gases from the combustion chamber.

Claims (5)

Insert métallique disposé à la coulée dans une culasse de moteur à combustion interne, comportant une collerette circulaire rabattue, qui, après usinage des portées des sièges de soupapes, constitue deux arcs distincts joignant ces portées caractérisé en ce que le corps 2 de l'insert 1, disposé dans la zone chaude de la culasse, est un cylindre de section elliptique se raccordant à la collerette circulaire 3 de manière progressive.Metal insert placed for casting in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, comprising a folded-down circular flange, which, after machining the seats of the valve seats, constitutes two separate arcs joining these seats characterized in that the body 2 of the insert 1, arranged in the hot zone of the cylinder head, is a cylinder of elliptical section connecting to the circular collar 3 in a progressive manner. Insert selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone fonctionnelle Z du corps elliptique de l'insert est située au voisinage du petit axe de l'ellipse, l'insert étant disposé à la coulée de telle sorte que le grand axe de l'ellipse soit aligné avec la droite joignant les centres des portées des sièges de soupapes 6, 7 entre lesquels l'insert doit établir une double jonction.Insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the functional zone Z of the elliptical body of the insert is located in the vicinity of the minor axis of the ellipse, the insert being arranged for casting so that the major axis of the the ellipse is aligned with the straight line joining the centers of the spans of the valve seats 6, 7 between which the insert must establish a double junction. Insert selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le rayon de raccordement R du corps elliptique 2 et de la collerette circulaire 3 est constant sur tout le pourtour de cette dernière.Insert according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connection radius R of the elliptical body 2 and of the circular collar 3 is constant over the entire periphery of the latter. Insert selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'angle de pliage du bord tombé constituant la collerette est supérieur à 90°.Insert according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the folding angle of the fallen edge constituting the flange is greater than 90 °. Insert selon la revendication 4 caractérisé en ce que les angles du bord de la collerette sont abattus.Insert according to claim 4 characterized in that the corners of the edge of the collar are cut down.
EP19910402790 1990-10-30 1991-10-18 Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with cast metallic insert Expired - Lifetime EP0484197B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9013435 1990-10-30
FR9013435A FR2668403A1 (en) 1990-10-30 1990-10-30 METALLIC INSERT FOR CASTING IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE HEAD.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0484197A1 true EP0484197A1 (en) 1992-05-06
EP0484197B1 EP0484197B1 (en) 1994-02-16

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Family Applications (1)

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EP19910402790 Expired - Lifetime EP0484197B1 (en) 1990-10-30 1991-10-18 Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine with cast metallic insert

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EP (1) EP0484197B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69101210T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2668403A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2697291A1 (en) * 1992-10-28 1994-04-29 Peugeot Arrangement of metal inserts for cylinder head expansion joints of an internal combustion engine.
FR2736968A1 (en) * 1995-07-18 1997-01-24 Renault Housing area for valve seats in IC engine cylinder head - has thermal screen fitted over landing area between adjacent valve seat housings, with screen held in place by side panels, fitting between valve seat housings
FR2736967A1 (en) * 1995-07-18 1997-01-24 Renault Housing area for valve seats in IC engine cylinder head - has thin section metal insert fitted into landing area, between adjacent valve seat housings, with insert embedded into cylinder head during casting process
FR2883043A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2006-09-15 Renault Sas Internal combustion engine cylinder head for motor vehicle, has inserts constituted by hollow body, where each insert has semi-circle section whose concavity is oriented towards fire side of head

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1051598A (en) * 1952-02-04 1954-01-18 Process for obtaining reinforced composite metals, and products obtained by this process
US3359615A (en) * 1963-03-06 1967-12-26 Nat Lead Co Method of making a die cast cylinder for internal combustion engines
DE1508934A1 (en) * 1966-02-04 1970-03-05 Lodovico Raggi Process for influencing the thermal expansion in a completely or partially hollow solid with a circular cross-section and a device for carrying out the process
DE2533058A1 (en) * 1975-07-24 1977-02-10 Buderus Eisenwerk Cast iron components for motor vehicle brakes - contain steel rods which reinforce highly stressed zones
EP0126922A1 (en) * 1983-04-27 1984-12-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 Insert for expansion joints in the combustion chamber-facing bottom part of a cast light alloy cylinder head for internal-combustion engines, particularly diesel engines

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1051598A (en) * 1952-02-04 1954-01-18 Process for obtaining reinforced composite metals, and products obtained by this process
US3359615A (en) * 1963-03-06 1967-12-26 Nat Lead Co Method of making a die cast cylinder for internal combustion engines
DE1508934A1 (en) * 1966-02-04 1970-03-05 Lodovico Raggi Process for influencing the thermal expansion in a completely or partially hollow solid with a circular cross-section and a device for carrying out the process
DE2533058A1 (en) * 1975-07-24 1977-02-10 Buderus Eisenwerk Cast iron components for motor vehicle brakes - contain steel rods which reinforce highly stressed zones
EP0126922A1 (en) * 1983-04-27 1984-12-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 Insert for expansion joints in the combustion chamber-facing bottom part of a cast light alloy cylinder head for internal-combustion engines, particularly diesel engines

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2697291A1 (en) * 1992-10-28 1994-04-29 Peugeot Arrangement of metal inserts for cylinder head expansion joints of an internal combustion engine.
EP0595676A1 (en) * 1992-10-28 1994-05-04 Automobiles Peugeot Fitting of metallic inserts for expansion joint in cylinderhead of an internal combustion engine
FR2736968A1 (en) * 1995-07-18 1997-01-24 Renault Housing area for valve seats in IC engine cylinder head - has thermal screen fitted over landing area between adjacent valve seat housings, with screen held in place by side panels, fitting between valve seat housings
FR2736967A1 (en) * 1995-07-18 1997-01-24 Renault Housing area for valve seats in IC engine cylinder head - has thin section metal insert fitted into landing area, between adjacent valve seat housings, with insert embedded into cylinder head during casting process
FR2883043A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2006-09-15 Renault Sas Internal combustion engine cylinder head for motor vehicle, has inserts constituted by hollow body, where each insert has semi-circle section whose concavity is oriented towards fire side of head

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0484197B1 (en) 1994-02-16
FR2668403B1 (en) 1994-12-02
DE69101210T2 (en) 1994-06-16
DE69101210D1 (en) 1994-03-24
FR2668403A1 (en) 1992-04-30

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