EP0481380B1 - Apparatus for intensifying cooling in the casting of metal objects - Google Patents
Apparatus for intensifying cooling in the casting of metal objectsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0481380B1 EP0481380B1 EP91117411A EP91117411A EP0481380B1 EP 0481380 B1 EP0481380 B1 EP 0481380B1 EP 91117411 A EP91117411 A EP 91117411A EP 91117411 A EP91117411 A EP 91117411A EP 0481380 B1 EP0481380 B1 EP 0481380B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooler
- cooling
- cooling agent
- guide member
- guide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/145—Plants for continuous casting for upward casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for intensifying cooling in the casting of metal objects, particularly in essentially vertical continuous casting carried out from bottom to top.
- the cooling of a metal object is normally carried out by using the cooler of figure 1, where the cooling agent is conducted to the bottom part of the cooler through the top, via the inlet located in the vicinity of the outer wall of the cooler. Inside the cooler there is installed an intermediate pipe so that the cooling agent is directed towards its outlet while rising up in the vicinity of the inner wall of the cooler.
- the molten metal is conducted to a nozzle 1; in the nozzle, at the height 2, there is formed a solidification front, where the molten metal turns solid.
- the cooling agent is conducted, by means of the intermediate pipe 4, first downwards, through its inlet, to the bottom part of the cooler, and further back up, to the top part of the cooler, to be discharged from the cooler. It is apparent that the heat content discharged from the nozzle 1 is at its highest essentially at the solidification front 2, because metal, in the course of solidification, changes state and thus emits heat according to its temperature in the change of state.
- the increase in the temperature of the cast wire is observed as a function of time. While casting for instance copper wire at the rate of 6 m/min, the surface temperature of the wire may, after cooling, be over 500°C. Such an increase in the wire temperature generally causes the wire to break, which essentially decreases the operation grade. Reasons for the increase in the temperature are for example the thermal expansion of the lower part in the cooler, which creates a gap in the threading between the nozzle and the cooler. Moreover, a high melting heat capacity at high casting velocities brings about an increase in the temperature of the water surface in the cooler, so that an insulating steam bubble is created on the cooling surface of the cooler.
- DE-B-2 060 451 describes an apparatus for intensifying cooling in the casting of metal objects, the apparatus having a small diameter channel for leading the cooling fluid downwards to the bottom of the cooler. Furthermore, there is provided small diameter intermediate channel for leading the fluid flow upwards to the outlet of the cooler. At the turning direction point of the fluid flow in the bottom part of the cooler the outer channel and the intermediate channel are connected below the edge of a separating wall between the two concentrical fluid flow channels. In this lower region, the velocity of the fluid flow is decreased because of the larger diameter of the connected channels below the edge of the separating wall. This may lead to steam formation because in particular the lower region of the cooler ist the hottest region.
- US-3,746,077 discloses a casting apparatus where the lower edge of a separating member between an upleading and downleading fluid channel is rounded.
- this type of rounding at the turning point does not prevent the decrease of the flowing velocity.
- the diameter in this bottom part below the turning point is larger than the diameter of the upleading outlet channel, Therefore, turbulences of the fluid flow are created and the fluid velocity is reduced thereby causing the conditions for steam formation.
- the object of the present invention is to eliminate some of the drawbacks of the prior art and to achieve a new, improved apparatus, which is more secure in operation, so that the cooling, particularly in continuous vertical upward casting, is made efficient also at essentially high casting velocities.
- the essential novel features of the invention are apparent from the characterising portion of claim 1.
- the flow path of the cooling agent, flowing in the cooler of a continuous casting machine in casting from bottom to top is changed by means of at least one guide member, particularly at the height defined by the solidification front of the apparatus, so that the cooling, particularly at this height at least, is advantageously intensified. At the same time, this prevents the temperature of the cast object from rising, and consequently the created product from breaking.
- the guide member or members of the invention can advantageously be placed in the housing of the cooler, and/or in a separating member defining the flow direction of the cooling agent, which enables the flowing of the cooling agent first from the top part of the cooler down to the bottom, and then further back up.
- these members form channels for guiding the cooling agent to essentially near to the surface to be cooled.
- the cooling can be intensified, also and essentially as regards the section located above the height defined by the solidification front.
- the bottom part of the separating member can be provided with the said guide member, for directing the cooling agent in an advantageous fashion towards the surface of the cooler located essentially at the height of the solidification front.
- a groove in the cooler housing essentially at the height of the solidification front, which groove advantageously expands the cooling surface at this most critical point.
- the cooling agent is advantageously made to flow past the most critical point as regards vertical continuous casting, so that essentially the total cooling capacity of the cooling agent can be made use of.
- the cooling agent is advantageously made to flow past the most critical point as regards vertical continuous casting, so that essentially the total cooling capacity of the cooling agent can be made use of.
- the cooler 11 is arranged around a nozzle 12, so that at least the top part of the nozzle 12 is cooled.
- the cooling agent such as water
- the cooling agent flows, in the direction of the arrows of figure 2, first downwards in the space between the outer wall of the cooler 11 and the separating member 14 arranged inside the cooler.
- the cooling agent is conducted, according to the invention, to the height of the solidification front 15 in the nozzle 12, to an essentially horizontal guide channel 16 provided in the housing of the cooler 11, so that the cooling agent flows to essentially near to the inner surface of the cooler 11.
- the guide 16 is further connected to another guide channel 17, which is essentially parallel to the vertical inner wall of the cooler 11.
- the guide channels 16 and 17 bring the cooling agent essentially nearer to the hottest point of the cooler housing, the surface of the cooler housing 11 that is in contact with the cooling agent is also essentially expanded at the hottest point. This brings about a further essential improvement in the cooling power of the cooler 11.
- the heated cooling agent rises in the space between the inner wall of the cooler 11 and the separating member 14, to be discharged from the cooler 11 via the outlet 18.
- the number of guide channels 16 and 17 in one cooler 11 may vary depending on the use of the apparatus of the invention, so that there are either one or several of them.
- the cooler 31 is installed around the top part of the nozzle 32.
- the cooling agent is fed in through the inlet 33 provided in the top part of the cooler, and the cooling agent flows in the space in between the outer wall of the cooler and the separating member 34 to the bottom part of the cooler 31.
- at least one guide or aligning member 36 which guides the cooling agent to at least one groove 37 formed in the inner wall of the cooler housing in an essentially perpendicular position.
- the pressure energy contained in the cooling agent is changed into kinetic energy.
- the cooling capacity of the cooling agent is improved at the same time as the formation of an insulating steam bed, which would reduce the cooling efficiency, is prevented.
- the cooling agent heated in the bottom of the cooler essentially at the hottest point thereof, is discharged from the cooler 31 through the outlet 38 provided in the top part of the cooler.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Executing Machine-Instructions (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an apparatus for intensifying cooling in the casting of metal objects, particularly in essentially vertical continuous casting carried out from bottom to top.
- In continuous vertical bottom casting, known for example from the US patent 3,746,077, the cooling of a metal object is normally carried out by using the cooler of figure 1, where the cooling agent is conducted to the bottom part of the cooler through the top, via the inlet located in the vicinity of the outer wall of the cooler. Inside the cooler there is installed an intermediate pipe so that the cooling agent is directed towards its outlet while rising up in the vicinity of the inner wall of the cooler. In figure 1, the molten metal is conducted to a
nozzle 1; in the nozzle, at theheight 2, there is formed a solidification front, where the molten metal turns solid. In thecooler 3, the cooling agent is conducted, by means of theintermediate pipe 4, first downwards, through its inlet, to the bottom part of the cooler, and further back up, to the top part of the cooler, to be discharged from the cooler. It is apparent that the heat content discharged from thenozzle 1 is at its highest essentially at thesolidification front 2, because metal, in the course of solidification, changes state and thus emits heat according to its temperature in the change of state. - While using the prior art cooler of figure 1 for instance in the casting of wire, where the casting is carried out at essentially high velocities, the increase in the temperature of the cast wire is observed as a function of time. While casting for instance copper wire at the rate of 6 m/min, the surface temperature of the wire may, after cooling, be over 500°C. Such an increase in the wire temperature generally causes the wire to break, which essentially decreases the operation grade. Reasons for the increase in the temperature are for example the thermal expansion of the lower part in the cooler, which creates a gap in the threading between the nozzle and the cooler. Moreover, a high melting heat capacity at high casting velocities brings about an increase in the temperature of the water surface in the cooler, so that an insulating steam bubble is created on the cooling surface of the cooler.
- DE-B-2 060 451 describes an apparatus for intensifying cooling in the casting of metal objects, the apparatus having a small diameter channel for leading the cooling fluid downwards to the bottom of the cooler. Furthermore, there is provided small diameter intermediate channel for leading the fluid flow upwards to the outlet of the cooler. At the turning direction point of the fluid flow in the bottom part of the cooler the outer channel and the intermediate channel are connected below the edge of a separating wall between the two concentrical fluid flow channels. In this lower region, the velocity of the fluid flow is decreased because of the larger diameter of the connected channels below the edge of the separating wall. This may lead to steam formation because in particular the lower region of the cooler ist the hottest region.
- US-3,746,077 discloses a casting apparatus where the lower edge of a separating member between an upleading and downleading fluid channel is rounded. However, this type of rounding at the turning point does not prevent the decrease of the flowing velocity. The diameter in this bottom part below the turning point is larger than the diameter of the upleading outlet channel, Therefore, turbulences of the fluid flow are created and the fluid velocity is reduced thereby causing the conditions for steam formation.
- The object of the present invention is to eliminate some of the drawbacks of the prior art and to achieve a new, improved apparatus, which is more secure in operation, so that the cooling, particularly in continuous vertical upward casting, is made efficient also at essentially high casting velocities. The essential novel features of the invention are apparent from the characterising portion of
claim 1. - According to the invention, the flow path of the cooling agent, flowing in the cooler of a continuous casting machine in casting from bottom to top, is changed by means of at least one guide member, particularly at the height defined by the solidification front of the apparatus, so that the cooling, particularly at this height at least, is advantageously intensified. At the same time, this prevents the temperature of the cast object from rising, and consequently the created product from breaking.
- The guide member or members of the invention can advantageously be placed in the housing of the cooler, and/or in a separating member defining the flow direction of the cooling agent, which enables the flowing of the cooling agent first from the top part of the cooler down to the bottom, and then further back up. When placing the guide member or members in the cooler housing, these members form channels for guiding the cooling agent to essentially near to the surface to be cooled. Thus the cooling can be intensified, also and essentially as regards the section located above the height defined by the solidification front.
- In order to install the guide member of the present invention in the separating member of the cooling agent, the bottom part of the separating member can be provided with the said guide member, for directing the cooling agent in an advantageous fashion towards the surface of the cooler located essentially at the height of the solidification front. For an advantageous aligning of the cooling agent, it is also possible to arrange a groove in the cooler housing, essentially at the height of the solidification front, which groove advantageously expands the cooling surface at this most critical point.
- By employing the guide member or members of the invention, the cooling agent is advantageously made to flow past the most critical point as regards vertical continuous casting, so that essentially the total cooling capacity of the cooling agent can be made use of. Thus it is possible to increase casting velocities from the current state without causing an increase in the temperature of the cast product and a consequent danger of breaking.
- In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the appended drawings, where
- figure 1
- is a schematical side-view illustration of a prior art cooler of a casting machine applying vertical continuous casting from bottom to top,
- figure 2
- is a schematical side-view illustration of a preferred embodiment of the invention, where the guide member of the cooling agent is located in the cooler housing,
- figure 3
- is a schematical side-view illustration of another preferred embodiment of the invention, where the guide member of the cooling agent is located in the separating member,
- figure 4
- is a schematical side-view illustration of a third preferred embodiment of the invention, where the guide member of the cooling agent is located in the separating member and in the cooler housing.
- Figure 1 was already explained in the description of the prior art.
- In figure 2, the
cooler 11 is arranged around a nozzle 12, so that at least the top part of the nozzle 12 is cooled. The cooling agent, such as water, is brought into thecooler 11 through theinlet 13 located at the top end of the cooler. In thecooler 11, the cooling agent flows, in the direction of the arrows of figure 2, first downwards in the space between the outer wall of thecooler 11 and the separatingmember 14 arranged inside the cooler. Thereafter the cooling agent is conducted, according to the invention, to the height of thesolidification front 15 in the nozzle 12, to an essentiallyhorizontal guide channel 16 provided in the housing of thecooler 11, so that the cooling agent flows to essentially near to the inner surface of thecooler 11. Consequently the cooling agent meets the inner wall of thecooler 11 essentially at the hottest point, which advantageously improves the efficiency of the cooling. Theguide 16 is further connected to anotherguide channel 17, which is essentially parallel to the vertical inner wall of the cooler 11. In addition to the fact that theguide channels cooler housing 11 that is in contact with the cooling agent is also essentially expanded at the hottest point. This brings about a further essential improvement in the cooling power of the cooler 11. - Through the
guide channel 17, the heated cooling agent rises in the space between the inner wall of the cooler 11 and the separatingmember 14, to be discharged from thecooler 11 via theoutlet 18. The number ofguide channels cooler 11 may vary depending on the use of the apparatus of the invention, so that there are either one or several of them. - In figure 3, around the
nozzle 21 there is arranged thecooler 22, where the flowing direction of the cooling agent is indicated with arrows in similar fashion as in figure 2. The cooling agent is fed into thecooler 22 through theinlet 23, and the cooling agent flows, in the space between the outer wall of thecooler 11 and the separatingmember 24, to the bottom part of the cooler. According to the invention, in the bottom part of the separatingmember 24, essentially at the height of thesolidification front 25 located in thenozzle 21, there is installed at least one guide or aligningmember 26 for guiding the cooling agent towards the inner wall of the cooler, advantageously at the point in the wall which requires most intensive cooling. The heated cooling agent is further conducted, through a flow space formed by the separatingmember 24 and the inner wall of the cooler, to theoutlet 27. By employing theguide member 26 of the invention, a higher flow rate and thus a better cooling capacity is obtained for the cooling agent. Likewise the turbulence of the cooling agent is increased, so that the creation of a steam bed on the cooler surface is advantageously prevented. - In the embodiment of figure 4, the
cooler 31 is installed around the top part of the nozzle 32. The cooling agent is fed in through theinlet 33 provided in the top part of the cooler, and the cooling agent flows in the space in between the outer wall of the cooler and the separatingmember 34 to the bottom part of thecooler 31. In order to direct the cooling agent towards the inner wall of the cooler, in the bottom part of the separatingmember 34, essentially at the height of thesolidification front 35 located in the nozzle 32, there is connected, according to the invention, at least one guide or aligningmember 36, which guides the cooling agent to at least onegroove 37 formed in the inner wall of the cooler housing in an essentially perpendicular position. Owing to the effect of theguide member 36 and thegroove 37, the pressure energy contained in the cooling agent is changed into kinetic energy. Thus the cooling capacity of the cooling agent is improved at the same time as the formation of an insulating steam bed, which would reduce the cooling efficiency, is prevented. The cooling agent heated in the bottom of the cooler, essentially at the hottest point thereof, is discharged from thecooler 31 through theoutlet 38 provided in the top part of the cooler. - The above drawings 2 - 4 illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention, each provided with a guide member of a different form, but it is naturally clear that when necessary, these various forms of the guide members can be applied simultaneously in one and the same cooler.
Claims (4)
- An apparatus for intensifying cooling in the vertical continuous casting of metal objects from bottom to top, a nozzle (12,21,32) of the continuous casting machine being at least in the top part surrounded by a cooler (11,22,31) divided into two parts by a separating member (14,24,34) arranged therein, and at least one guide member being arranged in the fluid flow,
characterized in
that the guide member is at least one aligning member (26,36,16) being connected to the lower edge of separating member (24,34) and/or being formed in the bottom part of cooler (11), which aligning member alignes the cooling fluid flow in the turning point of the fluid flow direction to obtain a higher flow rate. - The apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that the guide member (16, 26, 36) is installed essentially at the height defined by the solidification front (15, 25, 35) located in the nozzle (12, 21, 32).
- The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide member is formed of at least one guide channel (16, 17) arranged inside the cooler housing.
- The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide member is formed of at least one aligning member (36) connected to the separating member (34), and of at least one groove (37) formed in the cooler housing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI905102 | 1990-10-17 | ||
FI905102A FI87894C (en) | 1990-10-17 | 1990-10-17 | ANORDINATION FOR EFFECTIVE KYLNING VID GJUTNING AV ETT METALLSTYCKE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0481380A1 EP0481380A1 (en) | 1992-04-22 |
EP0481380B1 true EP0481380B1 (en) | 1996-02-28 |
Family
ID=8531257
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91117411A Expired - Lifetime EP0481380B1 (en) | 1990-10-17 | 1991-10-11 | Apparatus for intensifying cooling in the casting of metal objects |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0481380B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3276381B2 (en) |
CN (2) | CN1046876C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE134543T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69117422T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2084749T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI87894C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI90210C (en) * | 1991-11-14 | 1994-01-10 | Outokumpu Castform Oy | Device for effecting cooling when casting metal bodies |
FI112447B (en) * | 1997-04-29 | 2003-12-15 | Outokumpu Oy | Method and apparatus for upward casting of metal wires, rods and pipes |
CN100348346C (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2007-11-14 | 陈健美 | Semi-continuous casting method for light alloy and dedicated apparatus for implementing the same |
CN103103622B (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2015-10-21 | 中国科学院沈阳科学仪器研制中心有限公司 | A kind of water jacket that can work under the hot environment of single crystal furnace equipment for a long time |
CN109290534B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-08-04 | 徐州诚凯知识产权服务有限公司 | Crystallizer for manufacturing copper bars |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2553921A (en) * | 1949-04-12 | 1951-05-22 | Jordan James Fernando | Continuous casting apparatus |
FI46810C (en) * | 1969-12-15 | 1973-07-10 | Outokumpu Oy | Device for upward drainage of rods, plates, pipes, etc. |
FI46693C (en) * | 1970-05-19 | 1973-06-11 | Outokumpu Oy | Equipment arrangement for upward and continuous casting of pipes, rods, plates, etc. |
JPS5027032A (en) * | 1973-07-12 | 1975-03-20 | ||
JPS6121740A (en) * | 1984-07-09 | 1986-01-30 | 井関農機株式会社 | Dehulling detection method of hulling machine |
CN86203074U (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1986-12-17 | 机械工业部上海电缆研究所 | Continually casting crystallizer operated by a drawing-up method |
JPH02182351A (en) * | 1989-01-06 | 1990-07-17 | Kubota Ltd | Drawing-up continuous casting method for tube with different diameters |
-
1990
- 1990-10-17 FI FI905102A patent/FI87894C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-10-11 ES ES91117411T patent/ES2084749T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-10-11 AT AT91117411T patent/ATE134543T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-10-11 DE DE69117422T patent/DE69117422T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-11 EP EP91117411A patent/EP0481380B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-10-16 CN CN91109722A patent/CN1046876C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-17 JP JP29668691A patent/JP3276381B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-02-03 CN CN97102416A patent/CN1066365C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH04262836A (en) | 1992-09-18 |
DE69117422T2 (en) | 1996-08-08 |
EP0481380A1 (en) | 1992-04-22 |
JP3276381B2 (en) | 2002-04-22 |
DE69117422D1 (en) | 1996-04-04 |
CN1066365C (en) | 2001-05-30 |
FI905102A0 (en) | 1990-10-17 |
ES2084749T3 (en) | 1996-05-16 |
CN1166392A (en) | 1997-12-03 |
FI87894B (en) | 1992-11-30 |
FI87894C (en) | 1993-03-10 |
CN1046876C (en) | 1999-12-01 |
ATE134543T1 (en) | 1996-03-15 |
FI905102A (en) | 1992-04-18 |
CN1060802A (en) | 1992-05-06 |
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