EP0472870A2 - Apparatus for pressing wastes, in particular refuse - Google Patents

Apparatus for pressing wastes, in particular refuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0472870A2
EP0472870A2 EP91111547A EP91111547A EP0472870A2 EP 0472870 A2 EP0472870 A2 EP 0472870A2 EP 91111547 A EP91111547 A EP 91111547A EP 91111547 A EP91111547 A EP 91111547A EP 0472870 A2 EP0472870 A2 EP 0472870A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
receiving space
plunger
acute
return stroke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91111547A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0472870B1 (en
EP0472870A3 (en
Inventor
Heinz Bergmann
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HEINZ BERGMANN
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Individual
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Publication of EP0472870A2 publication Critical patent/EP0472870A2/en
Publication of EP0472870A3 publication Critical patent/EP0472870A3/en
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Publication of EP0472870B1 publication Critical patent/EP0472870B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3021—Press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3042—Containers provided with, or connectable to, compactor means
    • B30B9/3046—Containers with built-in compactor means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressing device for waste, in particular for compressible garbage, which has a plunger with a press plate in the lower region of a receiving space for the garbage in the device housing, which is horizontally displaceable and conveys the garbage into a container adjoining the receiving space and compresses it there .
  • the covers which are actuated by the plunger or pulled apart and pushed together in the form of blinds by the plunger, prevent refuse to be filled in from behind the plunger and can hinder the return stroke in the manner described above.
  • the mechanically movable covers of the known arrangements have the disadvantage, however, that on the one hand they are susceptible to failure and on the other hand they are susceptible to wear, so that the service life of such a device is short.
  • Another disadvantage is that the known covers block a larger portion of the receiving space, so that the throughput in the known machines is relatively low.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to design a device of the type mentioned so that a safe and wear-resistant cover is guaranteed, the space used for this should be as small as possible.
  • the receiving space is filled continuously, with a plunger rotatable about a horizontal axis being mounted on the plunger, which has an acute-angled edge facing away from the press plate under the garbage in the receiving space on the return stroke, and wherein the vane at the end of the Return strokes with the acute-angled edge can be folded up about their axis, so that the garbage under the bucket is conveyed in front of the press platen of the plunger.
  • the receiving space located behind the press plate of the plunger is not in the arrangement according to the invention noticeably restricted because the blade takes up relatively little space in the receiving space due to the folding over during the conveying process. Due to the acute-angled configuration of the blade edge, practically the entire space between the acute-angled edge of the blade and the rear end wall of the plunger is available as a receiving space.
  • the blade can expediently have two cheeks which cross the plunger from the outside and which have a triangular shape.
  • the blade is advantageously mounted in the area of one of the corners of the cheeks, which are offset toward the container against the plunger.
  • these corners having the bearing can have a relatively small distance from the bottom of the device in order to facilitate the folding process, i.e. perform with little power.
  • the acute-angled edge is itself used for the folding process.
  • This can be brought about by a corresponding design of the rear wall of the receiving space facing away from the container by a partially circular cross-sectional design and / or a polygonal trajectory of the rear wall on which the acute-angled edge of the blade comes to rest during the return stroke and is thus rotated about its axis.
  • Such an arrangement has the particular advantage that it does not require any additional components for the rotation of the blade, but only a corresponding configuration of the rear wall of the receiving space.
  • the plunger expediently has on its upper side a cover which is partially circular in cross section and whose radius is defined by the Distance to the horizontal axis of the blade is determined, and which adjoins the blade surface of the blade.
  • the part-circular cover can connect the two cheeks.
  • the device according to the invention is therefore excellently suitable for conveyance from a receiving space of any length.
  • the figure shows a schematic, perspective and partially broken view of a device to which the invention is applied.
  • the pressing device consists of a housing 1 which has a receiving space 2 which is open at the top and can optionally be closed by a lid and which is provided with an opening 3 which is open at the top for receiving the garbage to be pressed.
  • a container 4 connects to the housing 1 of the pressing device, the side walls of which are designated by 5 and the upper end cover is designated by 6.
  • the container 4 is separated from the receiving space 2 by an end wall 7 and has one of the receiving space 2 facing and essentially in its lower region opening 8 through which a plunger 9 can pass.
  • the upper edge of the opening 8 is designed as a breaking edge, for which purpose a strong reinforcement 10 can be provided in the area of the upper edge of the opening 8 and can form it.
  • the lower surface of the reinforcement 10 is therefore only a relatively small distance from the upper edge 11 of a press shield 12 of the plunger 9, so that complete comminution is ensured.
  • the drive of the plunger 9 is designated 13 and shown schematically.
  • This drive can be formed mechanically from a toothed rack, a spindle or the like, but it is advantageous if this drive 13 is a hydraulic unit.
  • the drive 13 moves the plunger 9 in the direction of the double arrow 14 within the receiving space 2 and partly, as shown, within the initial area of the container 4.
  • the movement of the plunger 9 takes place analogously to the double arrow 14 in the direction of a further double arrow 15 above the floor 16 of the housing 1 of the receiving space 3.
  • the plunger 9 thus performs an essentially translational movement during the pressing process, with only at the end At the end of the return stroke, the blade attached to the plunger is folded down.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is thus essentially suitable for pressing devices of the type mentioned at the outset.
  • the plunger 9 has two stands 17 which carry the press plate 12 between them and are displaceable above the bottom 16 of the receiving space 3.
  • the plunger 9 thus formed is overlapped on both sides by cheeks 18 of a blade 19, the cheeks 18 holding between them a blade surface 20 of the blade 19 and a cover 21 which is partially circular in cross section.
  • the blade 19 is mounted on the uprights 17 with its cheeks 18 so as to be pivotable about an axis 22.
  • the bearings are each designated 23.
  • the cheeks have a triangular shape, the corner 24 facing the press plate 12 of the plunger 9, which has the bearing 23, being as close as possible to the bottom 16 of the receiving space 3 in order to tip the blade 19 with one as possible To enter angles under the garbage in the receiving room 3.
  • the edge 25 of the blade 19 facing away from the press shield 12 is, as shown, formed at an acute angle, this configuration contributing to the blade 19 being as light as possible of the garbage which may be located in the receiving space 3 can reach under during its return stroke.
  • the rear wall 26 of the receiving space 3 can be partially circular in cross section or - which is particularly advantageous in sheet metal construction - as shown in cross section, in the form of a polygon, so that there are buckling edges 25 to 29, which are also suitable, the acute-angled edge 25 of the Guide bucket 19 upward to bring about the flipping process.
  • the stands 17 have part-circular upper edges 30, the curvature of which corresponds to the curvature of the cover 21 and the part-circular curvature 31 of the cheeks 18.
  • the arrangement described works as follows: The same plunger 9 is shown on the right and left in the figure, but in different working positions. It is assumed that according to the position of the plunger 9 on the right in the figure, the plunger has just moved into the container to compress the garbage and is now on the way back in the direction of arrow 33. During this return stroke, the acute-angled edge 25 slides along the floor 16 of the receiving space 3 and engages under the garbage which may be present there. As soon as the acute-angled edge 25 reaches the lower, bent wall section 34 on the left in the figure, a first rotational movement of the blade 19 about its axis 22 begins, which increases as the others subsequent and even steeper wall sections 35 and 36 can be achieved.
  • the blade therefore moves upward in the direction of arrow 37 in the illustrated embodiment on a traverse path.
  • This movement becomes a pure partial circular path if, instead of the individual surfaces adjoining one another in the form of a polygon, the rear wall is actually provided with a partial circular curvature in cross section.
  • the garbage in the receiving space 3 is thus initially effortlessly conveyed along the bottom 16 to the rear wall and then lifted upward in accordance with the movement of the blade 19, so that it moves downward in the direction of arrow 38 from the blade surface 20 and thus over the curved surface Cover 21 is conveyed again before the press plate 12.
  • any additional covers can be dispensed with, so that the arrangement according to the invention manages with very few components, which are also arranged to be wear-resistant and enable a large throughput due to the use of the plunger movement during its forward and return stroke.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Refuse Receptacles (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for pressing waste, especially pressable refuse, having a press piston with a press plate in a lower region of a receiving space for the refuse in the apparatus housing, which is arranged horizontally displaceably and which conveys the refuse into a container adjoining the receiving space and compresses it there, is to be so designed that a safe and wear-resistant covering is guaranteed, the space taken up by this being as small as possible. <??>For this, according to the invention, the receiving space is filled continuously, there being mounted on the press piston a shovel which is rotatable about a horizontal axis and which has an acute-angled edge engaging under the refuse in the receiving space during the return stroke and facing away from the press plate, and at the end of the return stroke the shovel being tiltable with the acute-angled edge upwards about its axis, so that the refuse under which the shovel has engaged is conveyed in front of the press plate of the press piston.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Preßvorrichtung für Abfälle, insbesondere für preßbaren Müll, welche einen Preßkolben mit einem Preßschild im unteren Bereich eines Aufnahmeraumes für den Müll im Vorrichtungsgehäuse aufweist, der horizontal verschieblich angeordnet ist und den Müll in einen an den Aufnahmeraum anschließenden Container fördert und dort zusammenpreßt.The invention relates to a pressing device for waste, in particular for compressible garbage, which has a plunger with a press plate in the lower region of a receiving space for the garbage in the device housing, which is horizontally displaceable and conveys the garbage into a container adjoining the receiving space and compresses it there .

Da der zusammenzupressende Müll auch hinter den Preßkolben, insbesondere bei kontinuierlich fortgesetzter Beschickung des Aufnahmeraumes gelangen kann, wird der Rückhub des Kolbens durch den dort befindlichlichen Müll behindert, was zu einem erhöhten Verschleiß, einem Stillstand der Maschine, aber auch zu deren Beschädigung führen kann. Hierzu ist es bereits bekannt, Abdeckungen des Aufnahmeraumes vorzunehmen, die diesen wenigstens beim Rückhub des Kolbens abdecken.Since the garbage to be compressed can also get behind the plunger, in particular if the receiving space is continuously loaded, the return stroke of the piston is hindered by the garbage located there, which leads to increased wear, downtime of the machine, but also damage. For this purpose, it is already known to make covers of the receiving space, which cover this at least during the return stroke of the piston.

Bei diesen bekannten Anordnungen verhindern also die Abdeckungen, die von dem Preßkolben betätigt bzw. in Form von Jalousien durch den Preßkolben auseinandergezogen und zusammengeschoben werden, daß einzufüllender Müll hinter den Preßkolben gelangen und den Rückhub in der oben beschriebenen Weise behindern kann.In these known arrangements, the covers, which are actuated by the plunger or pulled apart and pushed together in the form of blinds by the plunger, prevent refuse to be filled in from behind the plunger and can hinder the return stroke in the manner described above.

Die mechanisch bewegbaren Abdeckungen der bekannten Anordnungen haben aber den Nachteil, daß sie zum einen störanfällig und zum anderen verschleißanfällig sind, so daß die Standzeit einer derartigen Vorrichtung gering ist. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß die bekannten Abdeckungen einen größeren Abschnitt des Aufnahmeraumes blockieren, so daß der Durchsatz bei den bekannten Maschinen relativ gering ist.The mechanically movable covers of the known arrangements have the disadvantage, however, that on the one hand they are susceptible to failure and on the other hand they are susceptible to wear, so that the service life of such a device is short. Another disadvantage is that the known covers block a larger portion of the receiving space, so that the throughput in the known machines is relatively low.

Der Erfindung liegt demgemäß die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß eine sichere und verschleißfeste Abdeckung gewährleistet ist, wobei der hierfür in Anspruch genommene Raum so klein wie möglich sein soll.The invention is therefore based on the object to design a device of the type mentioned so that a safe and wear-resistant cover is guaranteed, the space used for this should be as small as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Aufnahmeraum kontinuierlich gefüllt wird, wobei an dem Preßkolben eine um eine horizontale Achse drehbare Schaufel gelagert ist, die eine beim Rückhub den Müll im Aufnahmeraum untergreifende dem Preßschild abgewandte spitzwinklige Kante aufweist und wobei die Schaufel beim Ende des Rückhubs mit der spitzwinkligen Kante nach oben um ihre Achse klappbar ist, so daß der von der Schaufel untergriffene Müll vor das Preßschild des Preßkolbens gefördert wird.This object is achieved in that the receiving space is filled continuously, with a plunger rotatable about a horizontal axis being mounted on the plunger, which has an acute-angled edge facing away from the press plate under the garbage in the receiving space on the return stroke, and wherein the vane at the end of the Return strokes with the acute-angled edge can be folded up about their axis, so that the garbage under the bucket is conveyed in front of the press platen of the plunger.

Mit dieser Anordnung wird erreicht, daß beim Rückhub des Kolbens auf seine Rückseite gelangter Müll von der Schaufel untergriffen und wieder noch vorn vor das Preßschild des Preßkolbens gefördert wird, so daß er vom Preßschild erfaßt und dem Container zuführbar ist, ohne daß eine Abdeckung erforderlich ist. Dies hat insbesondere den Vorteil, daß schwer zu fördernder Müll, insbesondere nasser Müll, ohne weiteres in diesen Raum vor das Preßschild förderbar ist, was bei den bekannten Anordnungen nur mit Schwierigkeiten möglich ist, da nasser Müll an den Abdeckungen oder dergleichen haftet.With this arrangement it is achieved that during the return stroke of the piston, garbage reached on its rear side is undercut by the shovel and is again conveyed forward in front of the press plate of the press piston, so that it is gripped by the press plate and can be fed to the container without a cover being required . This has the particular advantage that garbage that is difficult to convey, in particular wet garbage, can easily be conveyed into this space in front of the press plate, which is only possible with difficulty in the known arrangements, since wet garbage adheres to the covers or the like.

Außerdem wird der hinter dem Preßschild des Preßkolbens befindliche Aufnahmeraum bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung nicht nennenswert eingeengt, weil die Schaufel während des Fördervorganges durch das Umklappen in dem Aufnahmeraum relativ wenig Platz beansprucht. Aufgrund der spitzwinkligen Ausbildung der Schaufelkante steht praktisch der gesamte Raum zwischen der spitzwinkligen Kante der Schaufel und der hinteren Stirnwand des Preßkolbens als Aufnahmeraum zur Verfügung.In addition, the receiving space located behind the press plate of the plunger is not in the arrangement according to the invention noticeably restricted because the blade takes up relatively little space in the receiving space due to the folding over during the conveying process. Due to the acute-angled configuration of the blade edge, practically the entire space between the acute-angled edge of the blade and the rear end wall of the plunger is available as a receiving space.

Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Umklappvorgang durch Betätigung der spitzwinkligen Kante eingeleitet und durchgeführt wird.It is advantageous if the folding process is initiated and carried out by actuating the acute-angled edge.

Zweckmäßigerweise kann die Schaufel zwei den Preßkolben von außen übergreifende Wangen aufweisen, die eine dreieckige Form haben.The blade can expediently have two cheeks which cross the plunger from the outside and which have a triangular shape.

Die Schaufel ist in vorteilhafter Weise im Bereich einer der Ecken der Wangen gelagert, die gegen den Preßkolben zum Container hin versetzt sind.The blade is advantageously mounted in the area of one of the corners of the cheeks, which are offset toward the container against the plunger.

Diese die Lagerung aufweisenden Ecken können in besonders vorteilhafter Weise einen relativ geringen Abstand zum Boden der Vorrichtung haben, um den Umklappvorgang zu erleichtern, d.h. mit geringem Kraftbedarf durchzuführen.In a particularly advantageous manner, these corners having the bearing can have a relatively small distance from the bottom of the device in order to facilitate the folding process, i.e. perform with little power.

Obwohl es ohne weiteres möglich ist, den Umklappvorgang durch ein Getriebe, einen Seilzug oder dergleichen herbeizuführen, die an den Wangen in den Flächen angreifen, oder auch durch Anschlagzapfen, die an den Wangen der Schaufel angeordnet sind und nach außen weisen und beim Rückhub auf entsprechende den Umklappvorgang bewirkende gehäusefeste Führungen treffen, ist es besonders zweckmäßig, wenn der Umklappvorgang durch einen Kraftangriff im Bereich der spitzwinkligen Kante der Schaufel herbeigeführt wird, indem in dem Bereich der Rückwand des Aufnahmeraumes eine Führung oder dergleichen am Gehäuse im Bereich des Endes des Rückhubes des Preßkolbens angeordnet ist, welche die Schaufel entsprechend dreht.Although it is easily possible to bring about the folding process by means of a gear, a cable or the like, which attack the cheeks in the surfaces, or also by stop pins, which are arranged on the cheeks of the blade and point outwards and meet corresponding guides fixed to the housing during the return stroke, it is particularly expedient if the folding process by a force application in the Area of the acute-angled edge of the blade is brought about by arranging a guide or the like on the housing in the area of the rear wall of the receiving space in the area of the end of the return stroke of the plunger, which rotates the blade accordingly.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es aber, wenn die spitzwinklige Kante selbst für den Umklappvorgang herangezogen wird. Dies kann durch eine entsprechende Ausbildung der dem Container abgewandten Rückwand des Aufnahmeraumes durch eine im Querschnitt teilkreisförmige Ausbildung und/oder einen Polygonzug der Rückwand herbeigeführt werden, an welcher die spitzwinklige Kante der Schaufel beim Rückhub zur Anlage kommt und so um ihre Achse gedreht wird. Eine solche Anordnung hat insbesondere den Vorteil, daß sie zur Drehung der Schaufel keinerlei zusätzliche Bauteile benötigt, sondern lediglich eine entsprechende Ausgestaltung der Rückwand des Aufnahmeraumes.However, it is particularly advantageous if the acute-angled edge is itself used for the folding process. This can be brought about by a corresponding design of the rear wall of the receiving space facing away from the container by a partially circular cross-sectional design and / or a polygonal trajectory of the rear wall on which the acute-angled edge of the blade comes to rest during the return stroke and is thus rotated about its axis. Such an arrangement has the particular advantage that it does not require any additional components for the rotation of the blade, but only a corresponding configuration of the rear wall of the receiving space.

Der Preßkolben hat zweckmäßigerweise auf seiner Oberseite eine im Querschnitt teilkreisförmige Abdeckung, deren Radius durch den Abstand zur horizontalen Achse der Schaufel bestimmt wird, und die an die Schaufelfläche der Schaufel anschließt. Die teilkreisförmige Abdeckung kann die beiden Wangen verbinden.The plunger expediently has on its upper side a cover which is partially circular in cross section and whose radius is defined by the Distance to the horizontal axis of the blade is determined, and which adjoins the blade surface of the blade. The part-circular cover can connect the two cheeks.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist also in hervorragender Weise zur Förderung aus einem Aufnahmeraum an sich beliebiger Länge geeignet.The device according to the invention is therefore excellently suitable for conveyance from a receiving space of any length.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles in der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment in the drawing.

Die Figur zeigt in schematischer, perspektivischer und teilweise aufgebrochener Darstellung eine Vorrichtung, auf welche die Erfindung Anwendung findet.The figure shows a schematic, perspective and partially broken view of a device to which the invention is applied.

Die Preßvorrichtung besteht aus einem Gehäuse 1, welches einen nach oben offenen und gegebenenfalls durch einen Deckel verschließbaren Aufnahmeraum 2 aufweist, der mit einer nach oben offenen Öffnung 3 zur Aufnahme des zu pressenden Mülls versehen ist.The pressing device consists of a housing 1 which has a receiving space 2 which is open at the top and can optionally be closed by a lid and which is provided with an opening 3 which is open at the top for receiving the garbage to be pressed.

An das Gehäuse 1 der Preßvorrichtung schließt ein Container 4 an, dessen Seitenwände mit 5 und dessen oberer Abschlußdeckel mit 6 bezeichnet sind. Der Container 4 ist durch eine Stirnwand 7 von dem Aufnahmeraum 2 getrennt und weist eine dem Aufnahmeraum 2 zugewandte und im wesentlichen in seinem unteren Bereich liegende Öffnung 8 auf, durch welche ein Preßkolben 9 hindurchtreten kann. Die obere Kante der Öffnung 8 ist als Brechkante ausgebildet, wobei hierzu beispielsweise eine kräftige Verstärkung 10 im Bereich der oberen Kante der Öffnung 8 vorgesehen sein und diese bilden kann. Die Unterfläche der Verstärkung 10 hat demzufolge nur einen relativ geringen Abstand zu der Oberkante 11 eines Preßschildes 12 des Preßkolbens 9, damit für eine vollständige Zerkleinerung Sorge getragen ist.A container 4 connects to the housing 1 of the pressing device, the side walls of which are designated by 5 and the upper end cover is designated by 6. The container 4 is separated from the receiving space 2 by an end wall 7 and has one of the receiving space 2 facing and essentially in its lower region opening 8 through which a plunger 9 can pass. The upper edge of the opening 8 is designed as a breaking edge, for which purpose a strong reinforcement 10 can be provided in the area of the upper edge of the opening 8 and can form it. The lower surface of the reinforcement 10 is therefore only a relatively small distance from the upper edge 11 of a press shield 12 of the plunger 9, so that complete comminution is ensured.

Der Antrieb des Preßkolbens 9 ist mit 13 bezeichnet und schematisch dargestellt. Dieser Antrieb kann mechanisch aus einer Zahnstange, einer Spindel oder dergleichen gebildet sein, vorteilhaft ist es aber, wenn dieser Antrieb 13 ein Hydraulikaggregat ist.The drive of the plunger 9 is designated 13 and shown schematically. This drive can be formed mechanically from a toothed rack, a spindle or the like, but it is advantageous if this drive 13 is a hydraulic unit.

Der Antrieb 13 bewegt den Preßkolben 9 in Richtung des Doppelpfeiles 14 innerhalb des Aufnahmeraumes 2 und teilweise auch, wie dargestellt, innerhalb des Anfangsbereiches des Containers 4. Die Bewegung des Preßkolbens 9 erfolgt analog zum Doppelpfeil 14 in Richtung eines weiteren Doppelpfeiles 15 oberhalb des Bodens 16 des Gehäuses 1 des Aufnahmeraumes 3.The drive 13 moves the plunger 9 in the direction of the double arrow 14 within the receiving space 2 and partly, as shown, within the initial area of the container 4. The movement of the plunger 9 takes place analogously to the double arrow 14 in the direction of a further double arrow 15 above the floor 16 of the housing 1 of the receiving space 3.

Der Preßkolben 9 führt also während des Preßvorganges eine im wesentlichen translatorische Bewegung aus, wobei erst beim Ende Ende des Rückhubes die am Preßkolben angelängte Schaufel umgeklappt wird. Damit ist die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung im wesentlichen für Preßvorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art geeignet.The plunger 9 thus performs an essentially translational movement during the pressing process, with only at the end At the end of the return stroke, the blade attached to the plunger is folded down. The arrangement according to the invention is thus essentially suitable for pressing devices of the type mentioned at the outset.

Der Preßkolben 9 weist zwei Ständer 17 auf, die zwischen sich das Preßschild 12 tragen und oberhalb des Bodens 16 des Aufnahmeraumes 3 verschiebbar sind. Der so gebildete Preßkolben 9 wird beidseits von Wangen 18 einer Schaufel 19 übergriffen, wobei die Wangen 18 zwischen sich eine Schaufelfläche 20 der Schaufel 19 und eine im Querschnitt teilkreisförmige Abdeckung 21 haltern.The plunger 9 has two stands 17 which carry the press plate 12 between them and are displaceable above the bottom 16 of the receiving space 3. The plunger 9 thus formed is overlapped on both sides by cheeks 18 of a blade 19, the cheeks 18 holding between them a blade surface 20 of the blade 19 and a cover 21 which is partially circular in cross section.

Die Schaufel 19 ist mit ihren Wangen 18 um eine Achse 22 schwenkbar an den Ständern 17 gelagert. Die Lagerstellen sind jeweils mit 23 bezeichnet. Wie aus der Figur hervorgeht, haben die Wangen eine dreieckige Form, wobei die dem Preßschild 12 des Preßkolbens 9 zugewandte Ecke 24, welche die Lagerung 23 aufweist, möglichst nah zum Boden 16 des Aufnahmeraumes 3 gerückt ist, um die Schaufel 19 mit einem möglichst spitzen Winkel unter den im Aufnahmeraum 3 befindlichen Müll eintreten zu lassen.The blade 19 is mounted on the uprights 17 with its cheeks 18 so as to be pivotable about an axis 22. The bearings are each designated 23. As can be seen from the figure, the cheeks have a triangular shape, the corner 24 facing the press plate 12 of the plunger 9, which has the bearing 23, being as close as possible to the bottom 16 of the receiving space 3 in order to tip the blade 19 with one as possible To enter angles under the garbage in the receiving room 3.

Die dem Preßschild 12 abgewandte Kante 25 der Schaufel 19 ist, wie dargestellt, spitzwinklig ausgebildet, wobei diese Ausbildung dazu beiträgt, daß die Schaufel 19 möglichst leicht dem gegebenenfalls im Aufnahmeraum 3 befindlichen Müll während ihres Rückhubes untergreifen kann.The edge 25 of the blade 19 facing away from the press shield 12 is, as shown, formed at an acute angle, this configuration contributing to the blade 19 being as light as possible of the garbage which may be located in the receiving space 3 can reach under during its return stroke.

Die Rückwand 26 des Aufnahmeraumes 3 kann im Querschnitt teilkreisförmig oder - was im Blechbau besonders vorteilhaft ist - wie dargestellt im Querschnitt, in Form eines Polygonzuges ausgebildet sein, so daß sich Knickkanten 25 bis 29 ergeben, welche ebenfalls geeignet sind, die spitzwinklige Kante 25 der Schaufel 19 nach oben zu führen, um den Umklappvorgang herbeizuführen. Die Ständer 17 haben teilkreisförmige Oberkanten 30, deren Krümmung der Krümmung der Abdeckung 21 und der teilkreisförmigen Krümmung 31 der Wangen 18 entspricht.The rear wall 26 of the receiving space 3 can be partially circular in cross section or - which is particularly advantageous in sheet metal construction - as shown in cross section, in the form of a polygon, so that there are buckling edges 25 to 29, which are also suitable, the acute-angled edge 25 of the Guide bucket 19 upward to bring about the flipping process. The stands 17 have part-circular upper edges 30, the curvature of which corresponds to the curvature of the cover 21 and the part-circular curvature 31 of the cheeks 18.

Die Wirkungsweise der beschriebenen Anordnung ist folgende:
In der Figur ist rechts und links jeweils derselbe Preßkolben 9, allerdings in verschiedenen Arbeitslagen dargestellt. Es sei angenommen, daß sich gemäß der Lage des Preßkolbens 9 rechts in der Figur der Preßkolben gerade zum Zusammenpressen des Mülls in den Container hineinbewegt habe und sich nunmehr auf dem Rückweg in Richtung des Pfeiles 33 befindet. Während dieses Rückhubes gleitet die spitzwinklige Kante 25 auf dem Boden 16 des Aufnahmeraumes 3 entlang und untergreift den dort gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Müll. Sobald die spitzwinklige Kante 25 den unteren abgelnickten Wandungsabschnitt 34 links in der Figur erreicht, setzt eine erste Drehbewegung der Schaufel 19 um ihre Achse 22 ein, die zunimmt, wenn die weiteren anschließenden und noch steileren Wandungsabschnitte 35 und 36 erreicht werden. Die Schaufel bewegt sich mithin in Richtung des Pfeiles 37 beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel auf einer Polygonzugbahn nach oben. Diese Bewegung wird zur reinen Teilkreisbahn, wenn anstelle der in Form eines Polygonzuges aneinander anschließenden Einzelflächen tatsächlich die Rückwand im Querschnitt mit einer teilkreisförmigen Krümmung versehen ist.The arrangement described works as follows:
The same plunger 9 is shown on the right and left in the figure, but in different working positions. It is assumed that according to the position of the plunger 9 on the right in the figure, the plunger has just moved into the container to compress the garbage and is now on the way back in the direction of arrow 33. During this return stroke, the acute-angled edge 25 slides along the floor 16 of the receiving space 3 and engages under the garbage which may be present there. As soon as the acute-angled edge 25 reaches the lower, bent wall section 34 on the left in the figure, a first rotational movement of the blade 19 about its axis 22 begins, which increases as the others subsequent and even steeper wall sections 35 and 36 can be achieved. The blade therefore moves upward in the direction of arrow 37 in the illustrated embodiment on a traverse path. This movement becomes a pure partial circular path if, instead of the individual surfaces adjoining one another in the form of a polygon, the rear wall is actually provided with a partial circular curvature in cross section.

Der im Aufnahmeraum 3 befindliche Müll wird also zunächst mühelos entlang des Bodens 16 bis zur Rückwand gefördert und dann entsprechend der Bewegung der Schaufel 19 nach oben gehoben, so daß er in Richtung des Pfeiles 38 von der Schaufelfläche 20 sich abwärts bewegt und damit über die gekrümmte Abdeckung 21 wieder vor das Preßschild 12 gefördert wird.The garbage in the receiving space 3 is thus initially effortlessly conveyed along the bottom 16 to the rear wall and then lifted upward in accordance with the movement of the blade 19, so that it moves downward in the direction of arrow 38 from the blade surface 20 and thus over the curved surface Cover 21 is conveyed again before the press plate 12.

Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur der Rückhub des Preßkolbens nicht beeinträchtigt, sondern gleichzeitig dieser Rückhub ausgenutzt, um die Preßförderung zu begünstigen.In this way, not only is the return stroke of the plunger not impaired, but at the same time this return stroke is used to favor the promotion of the press.

Wie ersichtlich, können irgendwelche zusätzlichen Abdeckungen entfallen, so daß die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung mit sehr wenig Bauteilen auskommt, die überdies verschleißsicher angeordnet sind und einen großen Durchsatz infolge der Nutzung der Preßkolbenbewegung während seines Vor- und Rückhubes ermöglichen.As can be seen, any additional covers can be dispensed with, so that the arrangement according to the invention manages with very few components, which are also arranged to be wear-resistant and enable a large throughput due to the use of the plunger movement during its forward and return stroke.

Claims (15)

Preßvorrichtung für Abfälle, insbesondere für preßbaren Müll, welche einen Preßkolben mit einem Preßschild im unteren Bereich eines Aufnahmeraumes für den Müll im Vorrichtungsgehäuse aufweist, der horizontal verschieblich angeordnet ist und den Müll in einen an den Aufnahmeraum anschließenden Container fördert und dort zusammenpreßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Aufnahmeraum (3) kontinuierlich gefüllt wird, wobei an dem Preßkolben (9) eine um eine horizontale Achse (22) drehbare Schaufel (19) gelagert ist, die eine beim Rückhub (33) den Müll im Aufnahmeraum (3) untergreifende dem Preßschild (12) abgewandte spitzwinklige Kante (25) aufweist und wobei die Schaufel (19) am Ende des Rückhubs (33) mit der spitzwinkligen Kante (25) nach oben um ihre Achse (22) klappbar ist, so daß der von der Schaufel (19) untergriffene Müll vor das Preßschild (12) des Preßkolbens (9) gefördert wird.Press device for waste, in particular for pressable waste, which has a plunger with a press plate in the lower region of a receiving space for the waste in the device housing, which is arranged to be horizontally displaceable and conveys the waste into a container adjoining the receiving space and compresses it there, characterized in that that the receiving space (3) is continuously filled, on the plunger (9) a rotatable about a horizontal axis (22) blade (19) is mounted, the one on the return stroke (33) the garbage in the receiving space (3) under the press plate (12) facing away from the acute-angled edge (25) and wherein the blade (19) at the end of the return stroke (33) with the acute-angled edge (25) can be folded upwards about its axis (22), so that the garbage caught by the shovel (19) is conveyed in front of the press plate (12) of the plunger (9). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Umklappvorgang durch Betätigung der spitzwinkligen Kante (25) eingeleitet und durchgeführt wird.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the folding process is initiated and carried out by actuating the acute-angled edge (25). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaufel (19) zwei den Preßkolben (9) von außen übergreifende Wangen (18) aufweist.Device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the blade (19) has two cheeks (18) which overlap the plunger (9) from the outside. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wangen (18) eine dreieckige Form haben.Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cheeks (18) have a triangular shape. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaufel (19) im Bereich einer der Ecken (24) der Wangen (18) gelagert ist, die gegen den Preßkolben (9) zum Container (4) hin versetzt sind.Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the blade (19) is mounted in the region of one of the corners (24) of the cheeks (18) which are offset towards the container (4) against the plunger (9). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die die Lagerung (23) aufweisenden Ecken (24) einen relativ geringen Abstand (A) zum Boden (16) der Vorrichtung bzw. des Aufnahmeraumes (3) haben.Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the corners (24) having the bearing (23) are at a relatively small distance (A) from the floor (16) of the device or the receiving space (3). Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Umklappvorgang durch ein Getriebe, einen Seilzug oder dergleichen herbeiführbar ist, die an den Wangen (18) in deren Flächen angreifen.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the folding process can be brought about by a gear, a cable or the like, which act on the cheeks (18) in their surfaces. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Anschlagzapfen vorgesehen sind, die an den Wangen (18) der Schaufel (19) angeordnet sind und nach außen weisen und beim Rückhub (33) auf entsprechende den Umklappvorgang bewirkende gehäusefeste Führungen treffen.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that stop pins are provided, which are arranged on the cheeks (18) of the blade (19) and point outwards and meet corresponding guides fixed to the housing during the return stroke (33) and causing the folding process. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Umklappvorgang durch einen Kraftangriff im Bereich der spitzwinkligen Kante (25) der Schaufel (19) herbeiführbar ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the folding process can be brought about by a force application in the region of the acute-angled edge (25) of the blade (19). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Bereich der Rückwand (26) des Aufnahmeraumes (3) eine Führung oder dergleichen am Gehäuse (1) im Bereich des Endes des Rückhubes (33) des Preßkolbens (9) angeordnet ist, welche die Schaufel (19) entsprechend dreht.Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that a guide or the like is arranged on the housing (1) in the region of the rear wall (26) of the receiving space (3) in the region of the end of the return stroke (33) of the plunger (9), which is the blade (19) rotates accordingly. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die spitzwinklige Kante (25) selbst für den Umklappvorgang herangezogen wird.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the acute-angled edge (25) itself is used for the folding process. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dem Container (4) abgewandte Rückwand (26) eine im Querschnitt teilkreisförmige Ausbildung und/oder im Querschnitt einen Polygonzug aufweist, an welcher die spitzwinklige Kante (25) der Schaufel (19) beim Rückhub (33) zur Anlage kommt und so um ihre Achse (22) gedreht wird.Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the rear wall (26) facing away from the container (4) has a partially circular cross-section and / or a polygonal cross-section on which the acute-angled edge (25) of the blade (19) during the return stroke ( 33) comes to rest and is thus rotated about its axis (22). Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Preßkolben (9) auf seiner Oberseite eine im Querschnitt teilkreisförmige Abdeckung (21) aufweist, deren Radius durch den Abstand zur horizontalen Achse (22) der Schaufel (19) bestimmt wird.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure piston (9) has on its upper side a cover (21) which is partially circular in cross section, the radius of which is determined by the distance from the horizontal axis (22) of the blade (19). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die teilkreisförmige Abdeckung (21) an die Schaufelfläche (20) der Schaufel (19) anschließt.Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the part-circular cover (21) adjoins the blade surface (20) of the blade (19). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die teilkreisförmige Abdeckung (21) die beiden Wangen (18) verbindet.Device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the part-circular cover (21) connects the two cheeks (18).
EP91111547A 1990-08-31 1991-07-11 Apparatus for pressing wastes, in particular refuse Expired - Lifetime EP0472870B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4027717A DE4027717A1 (en) 1990-08-31 1990-08-31 PRESSING DEVICE FOR WASTE, ESPECIALLY FOR MUELL
DE4027717 1990-08-31

Publications (3)

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EP0472870A2 true EP0472870A2 (en) 1992-03-04
EP0472870A3 EP0472870A3 (en) 1992-07-01
EP0472870B1 EP0472870B1 (en) 1994-11-30

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EP91111547A Expired - Lifetime EP0472870B1 (en) 1990-08-31 1991-07-11 Apparatus for pressing wastes, in particular refuse

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US (1) US5195432A (en)
EP (1) EP0472870B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2801980B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100212595B1 (en)
AR (1) AR245075A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE114551T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2050411C (en)
DE (2) DE4027717A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0472870T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2067094T3 (en)
FI (1) FI95447C (en)
PL (1) PL167189B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2018449C1 (en)
TR (1) TR25378A (en)
ZA (1) ZA916769B (en)

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NL1001039C2 (en) * 1995-08-24 1997-02-25 Kiggen Beheer Bv Receptacle for waste material
DE102005054986B3 (en) * 2005-11-16 2007-05-03 Heinz Bergmann Maschinen für die Abfallwirtschaft e.Kfm Press device for waste, has plunger and power transmitting unit with proximal and distal end whereby power transmitting unit is facing along common longitudinal axis in direction of container part at essentially right angles to plunger
DE202017103126U1 (en) 2017-05-23 2018-08-24 Heinz Bergmann Gmbh Stationary waste press unit for connection to a swap body

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US6739535B2 (en) 2002-06-17 2004-05-25 Labarbera Salvatore P. Mobile trash pulverizer
KR20040024229A (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-03-20 윤병기 Manufacture method of noodles with blackish bean sauce vessel
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US10029434B2 (en) 2011-04-20 2018-07-24 Compaction Technologies, Inc. Trash compactor
US11273613B2 (en) 2008-06-23 2022-03-15 Compaction Technologies, Inc. Trash compactor
ITRE20120093A1 (en) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-14 Cesare Bonfiglioli CRUSHING GROUP FOR SCRAP
US20180010309A1 (en) * 2016-07-11 2018-01-11 John S. Gilbert Snow compacting and removal apparatus
DE202019103366U1 (en) 2019-06-14 2020-09-15 Husmann Umwelt-Technik Gmbh Container with a compressor unit

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NL1001039C2 (en) * 1995-08-24 1997-02-25 Kiggen Beheer Bv Receptacle for waste material
DE102005054986B3 (en) * 2005-11-16 2007-05-03 Heinz Bergmann Maschinen für die Abfallwirtschaft e.Kfm Press device for waste, has plunger and power transmitting unit with proximal and distal end whereby power transmitting unit is facing along common longitudinal axis in direction of container part at essentially right angles to plunger
DE202017103126U1 (en) 2017-05-23 2018-08-24 Heinz Bergmann Gmbh Stationary waste press unit for connection to a swap body
EP3415305A1 (en) 2017-05-23 2018-12-19 Heinz Bergmann GmbH Stationary waste compression unit for connection with a mobile interchangeable container

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2018449C1 (en) 1994-08-30
AR245075A1 (en) 1993-12-30
TR25378A (en) 1993-03-01
DE4027717A1 (en) 1992-03-05
JP2801980B2 (en) 1998-09-21
ATE114551T1 (en) 1994-12-15
EP0472870B1 (en) 1994-11-30
JPH04251697A (en) 1992-09-08
CA2050411A1 (en) 1992-03-01
ES2067094T3 (en) 1995-03-16
PL167189B1 (en) 1995-08-31
ZA916769B (en) 1992-07-29
KR920004256A (en) 1992-03-27
US5195432A (en) 1993-03-23
FI95447B (en) 1995-10-31
FI95447C (en) 1996-02-12
EP0472870A3 (en) 1992-07-01
KR100212595B1 (en) 1999-08-02
FI914089A0 (en) 1991-08-30
CA2050411C (en) 2002-11-05
DE59103651D1 (en) 1995-01-12
FI914089A (en) 1992-03-01
DK0472870T3 (en) 1995-01-23

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