EP0468214A1 - Schneideeinsatz unter Benutzung von superabrasiven Compacts - Google Patents

Schneideeinsatz unter Benutzung von superabrasiven Compacts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0468214A1
EP0468214A1 EP91110499A EP91110499A EP0468214A1 EP 0468214 A1 EP0468214 A1 EP 0468214A1 EP 91110499 A EP91110499 A EP 91110499A EP 91110499 A EP91110499 A EP 91110499A EP 0468214 A1 EP0468214 A1 EP 0468214A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
support member
insert
attached
carbide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91110499A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Clarence Walen
Luther Lamar White
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of EP0468214A1 publication Critical patent/EP0468214A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
    • B28D1/12—Saw-blades or saw-discs specially adapted for working stone
    • B28D1/124—Saw chains; rod-like saw blades; saw cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1831—Fixing methods or devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1833—Multiple inserts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1835—Chemical composition or specific material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to cutting inserts used in cutting operations, particularly indexable cutting inserts for mining applications.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the invention is an indexable cutting insert for chain saws used in the quarrying of natural stone.
  • the cutting insert is brazed to a holder which is attached to the cutter link.
  • the cutting insert can be debrazed from the holder and replaced by brazing a new cutting insert to the holder, or the cutter link is removable from the chain saw chain so that the cutter link and attached holder and cutting insert can be replaced, or, if the wearing or damage is extensive, the entire chain saw chain can be replaced.
  • the cutting inserts are usually grouped in sets along the chain, each set comprising a multiplicity of cutting inserts having an increasing kerf width.
  • carbide or tungsten carbide cutting inserts It is well known in the prior art to use carbide or tungsten carbide cutting inserts.
  • carbide or tungsten carbide cutting inserts have been primarily useful in quarrying limestone, marble, slate and travertine, and have been found unsuitable for abrasive stone such as sandstone and some highly abrasive limestone.
  • the highly abrasive materials cause excessive wearing of the carbide or tungsten carbide cutting insert, thereby resulting in short tool life and excessive down time in the quarrying operation for cutting insert replacement.
  • Patent No. 4,738,689 which teaches a coated thermally stable PDC, the latter materials being sold by General Electric Company under the trademark GEOSETO.
  • BZN@ Compacts are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,767,371 and 3,743,489. The foregoing General Electric Company patents are assigned to the same assignee as the present invention, and are incorporated herein by this reference.
  • the superabrasive material is typically formed in a thin section having a narrow dimension and a broad dimension.
  • the cutting surface is usually the surface along the broad dimension.
  • the superabrasive material is typically bonded to a metallic substrate, with the metallic substrate oriented to support the cutting surface and minimize stress on the metallic substrate- superabrasive material joint.
  • the superabrasive material is usually backed by and bonded to a metallic substrate which is manufactured of a harder material than the hardened steel of the cutter links. If the superabrasive material is bonded to the metallic substrate in the manufacturing process, the metallic substrate is then brazed to a carrier which is secured to the cutter link. Alternatively, the superabrasive material may be brazed to a carrier which is secured to the cutter link.
  • the metallic substrate or the carrier is typically oriented to provide mechanical support for the superabrasive material to reduce fracturing thereof and to reduce stress on the superabrasive material- metallic substrate bond or superabrasive material- carrier braze joint.
  • Metallic substrate materials which have been used in the past are carbide or a hard cemented metal such as cemented carbide.
  • the prior art superabrasive material cutting inserts are also typically arranged in sets of increasing kerf widths. This also requires an inventory of superabrasive material cutter inserts of various widths to maintain the chain saw.
  • Square PDC blanks have been used as cutting inserts for chain saws in the prior art. Each of the corners of the PDC blank is a cutting surface.
  • the PDC blank is brazed to a holder which is attached to the cutter link of the chain saw chain. After one corner of the PDC blank becomes worn, the PDC blank is debrazed from the holder, rotated ninety degrees and rebrazed to the holder. This operation is repeated until all four corners of one side of the PDC blank have been used as cutting surfaces.
  • the PDC blank is then rotated one hundred eighty degrees to the opposite side and this process repeated. In this process, the PDC blank is repeatedly subjected to elevated temperatures and potential thermal damage. Since only the corners of the PDC blank are used as cutting surfaces, the remaining portions of the PDC blank is waste material.
  • Final objectives of the invention are to provide a cutting insert which utilizes a relatively thin section of superabrasive material oriented such that a small surface area of the superabrasive material is the cutting surface, which cuts through a slicing action, and which has the larger surface area of the superabrasive material bonded or brazed to a metallic substrate to minimize stress on the superabrasive material-substrate joint and optimize retention of the superabrasive material to the metallic substrate.
  • the invention is a cutting insert having a support member made of a metallic substrate which is bonded to a cutting member made of a superabrasive material, wherein the cutting member is shaped in a thin section and oriented such that at least one surface of the thin dimension of the cutting member is the cutting surface and the cutting action is that of slicing. It is also preferable that the thin section of cutting member be set into a pre-cut slot in the support member.
  • the cutting insert has a multiplicity of cutting surfaces and a means for allowing consecutive indexing of each of the cutting surfaces into the cutting position as a cutting surface becomes dull, fractured or broken.
  • the cutting insert has eight cutting surfaces which are indexed into the cutting position through the loosening of a mounting bolt, rotating of the cutting insert to the new cutting surface and retighting of the mounting bolt.
  • the support member is either carbide or a cemented hard metal such as cemented carbide.
  • the superabrasive material is preferably either a PDC of polycrystalline diamond, thermally stable polycrystaline diamond or coated thermally stable polycrystaline diamond, which are manufactured by General Electric Company and sold under the trademarks STRATAPAXO and GEOSETO; or a BZN@ Compact.
  • the PDC or BZN@ Compact is preferably bonded to the support member by brazing, and it is also preferable to create a strong bond between the PDC or BZN@ Compact and support member through the use of a high temperature brazing alloy.
  • a high temperature brazing alloy can be accomplished if the PDC which is utilized is the coated thermally stable PDC material as taught in recently issued U.S. Patent No. 4,738,689.
  • the use of a high temperature brazing alloy can be accomplished through the brazing techniques and materials taught in General Electric Company's U.S. Patent Nos. 4,850,523, issued July 25, 1989, and 4,899,922, issued February 13, 1990.
  • the foregoing General Electric Company patents are assigned to the same assignee as the present invention, and are incorporated herein by this reference.
  • cutting insert 10 has a support member 11 and at least one cutting member 12 attached to the support member 11.
  • the support member 11 is the portion of the insert 10 which allows for indexing and removable attachment of the insert 10 onto a cutting tool, such as a mining or drilling machine or a chain saw used in a stone quarry.
  • the support member 11 may be of a variety of shapes to accommodate the attaching mechanism of the particular cutting tool.
  • a preferred shape of the support member 11 is a box having a first square surface 13, a second square surface 14 opposite the first square surface 13, and four rectangular sides 15.
  • a preferable attachment means is an attachment hole 16 extending through the support member 11 between the first square surface 13 and the second square surface 14 and which is positioned in the center of the square surfaces 13 and 14.
  • a bolt (not illustrated) extending through the attachment hole 16 is used to attach the support member 11 to the cutting tool such that the planes in which the first square surface 13 and second square surface 14 lie are substantially perpendicular to the direction of the cut being made by the cutting tool.
  • the cutting member 12 has at least one cutting surface.
  • the plane in which the cutting surface lies is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the cut being made by the cutting tool.
  • the cutting member 12 has a first cutting surface 17, which lies substantially parallel to the first square surface 13, and a second cutting surface 18, which lies substantially parallel to the second Square surface 14.
  • the cutting member 12 is attached to the support member 11 such that the first cutting surface 17 is the leading portion of the insert 10 which comes into initial contact with material being cut when the first square surface 13 is the leading surface of the insert 10, and the second cutting surface 18 is the leading portion of the insert 10 which comes into initial contact with material being cut when the second square surface is the leading surface of the insert 10.
  • the cutting member 12 is shaped in the form of a thin section having a width which is substantially less than its depth.
  • the edge of the thin section form the cutting surfaces, preferably with the longitudinal axis of the cutting member 12 oriented between the first cutting surface 17 and the second cutting surface 18.
  • the cutting member 12 is of sufficient length such that the first cutting surface 17 is substantially in the plane in which the first square surface 13 lies and the second cutting surface 18 is substantially in the plane in which the second square surface 14 lies.
  • the longitudinal axis of cutting member 12 is substantially parallel to the direction of the cut being made by the cutting tool.
  • the cutting member 12 be a thin rectangular box.
  • the cutting member 12 be mated to a pre-cut slot 20 in the support member 11.
  • the pre-cut slot 20 is located diagonally on one of the corners of support member 11. The setting of the cutting member 12 into the pre-cut slot 20 in the support member 11 allows for strong bonding between the support member 11 and cutting member 12 because of the increased surface area between the cutting member 12 and the support member 11, and for additional mechanical support which is provided by the partial encasement of the cutting member 12 in the support member 11.
  • the shape of the insert 10 is a box, it is preferable to have four cutting members 12 mated into four pre-cut slots 20 located diagonally on each of the four corners of support member 11. This configuration results in four first cutting surfaces 17 and four second cutting surfaces 18 on insert 10. Assuming that the first square surface 13 is the leading surface of the insert 10, when one of the first cutting surfaces 17 becomes dull, the bolt (not illustrated) extending through attachment hole 16 is loosened and the insert 10 rotated 90 to a new first cutting surface 17 which is adjacent to the dull first cutting surface 17.
  • the bolt extending through attachment hole 16 can be removed, the insert 10 rotated 180° and the bolt replaced so that the second square surface 14 is now the leading surface of the insert 10, thereby allowing for the utilization of the four second cutting surfaces 18 by the same 90° rotation process described above.
  • the support member 11 is made of a metallic substrate and the cutting member 12 is made of a superabrasive compact.
  • the metallic substrate used in the support member 11 is preferably carbide or a cemented hard metal, such as cemented carbide. If the metallic substrate is cemented carbide, it is preferably selected from the group consisting of cemented tungsten carbide, cemented titanium carbide, cemented tungsten-molybdenum carbide, and cemented tantalum carbide.
  • the superabrasive compact used in the cutting member 12 is preferably a PDC or a BZN@ Compact. If the superabrasive compact is a PDC, it is preferably selected from the group consisting of polycrystaline diamond, thermally stable polycrystaline diamond, and coated thermally stable polycrystaline diamond.
  • the cutting member 12 is bonded to the support member 11 by brazing using a brazing alloy 19.
  • a brazing alloy 19 One such method of brazing is disclosed in General Electric Company's U.S. Patent No. 4,850,523, issued July 25, 1989, which has been incorporated herein by reference. That patent teaches a method for bonding a thermally stable PDC or a BZN@ Compact to a carbide substrate wherein the carbide substrate is placed in thermal contact with a neat sink and the thermally stable PDC is placed in thermal contact with a heat source during the brazing operation.
  • Such fabrication technique avoids the residual stresses which otherwise would result by virtue of the differential of the coefficients of thermal expansion between the carbide substrate and the thermally stable PDC.
  • This brazing technique also takes advantage of the high thermal conductivity of the thermally stable PDC.
  • brazing technique is disclosed in General Electric Company's U.S. Patent Serial No. 4,899,922, issued February 13, 1990, which has been incorporated herein by reference. That patent teaches the brazing of a thermally stable PDC to a carbide substrate using a brazing alloy having a liquidus above about 700 C and containing an effective amount of chromium, with the proportion of chromium ranging between 1% to 20% and advantageously being between 5% and 20% by weight of the braze alloy composition.
  • a thermally stable PDC can be bonded to a carbide substrate by disposing the chromium-containing braze alloy between the thermally stable PDC and carbide substrate and furnace brazing the composite.
  • the chromium braze alloy may be placed between the thermally stable PDC and carbide substrate through the use of a disk, wire, or foil; or, in the alternative, either the surface of the thermally stable PDC which is to be mated with the carbide substrate or the entire thermally stable PDC can be coated with the chromium braze alloy through the use of known deposition technology.
  • Kerf width can be obtained using the insert 10 by utilizing a group of the inserts 10 aligned on the longitudinal axis of the cut such that the cutting members 12 of each successively aligned insert 10 are slightly offset from one another.
  • a uniform size of insert 10 can be utilized to obtain varying kerf widths. This reduces the amount of parts inventory required to maintain the cutting tool, thereby reducing the cost of the cutting operation.
  • forming the cutting member 12 in a thin section reduces the cost of manufacture by using less material than in prior art superabrasive material inserts.
  • the use of the removable attachment means for attaching the insert 10 onto the cutting tool, such as the described bolt hole, provides for ease in indexing cutting surfaces or changing inserts with relatively low down time of the cutting tool and cutting operation, and without repeatedly exposing the insert to elevated temperatures and potential thermal damage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
EP91110499A 1990-07-25 1991-06-25 Schneideeinsatz unter Benutzung von superabrasiven Compacts Withdrawn EP0468214A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US55790690A 1990-07-25 1990-07-25
US557906 2000-04-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0468214A1 true EP0468214A1 (de) 1992-01-29

Family

ID=24227351

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91110499A Withdrawn EP0468214A1 (de) 1990-07-25 1991-06-25 Schneideeinsatz unter Benutzung von superabrasiven Compacts

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0468214A1 (de)
AU (1) AU7917891A (de)
CA (1) CA2046768A1 (de)
IE (1) IE912605A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA915373B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0625416A1 (de) * 1993-05-21 1994-11-23 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited Sägekettenschneidglied

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB655633A (en) * 1948-04-19 1951-07-25 Norman James Muschamp Improvements in or relating to a pick for cutting coal and the like in mining
FR1228288A (fr) * 1959-03-11 1960-08-29 Charbonnages De France Pic de havage à mise rapportée
GB2181472A (en) * 1985-08-22 1987-04-23 Anderson Strathclyde Plc Cutter tools and tip inserts therefor
EP0223896A2 (de) * 1985-10-30 1987-06-03 Maschinenfabrik Korfmann GmbH Schneidkettenglied einer Schrämkette
DE8813731U1 (de) * 1987-11-03 1989-01-05 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Ltd., Johannesburg, Transvaal Schneidwerkzeug für eine Bergbaumaschine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB655633A (en) * 1948-04-19 1951-07-25 Norman James Muschamp Improvements in or relating to a pick for cutting coal and the like in mining
FR1228288A (fr) * 1959-03-11 1960-08-29 Charbonnages De France Pic de havage à mise rapportée
GB2181472A (en) * 1985-08-22 1987-04-23 Anderson Strathclyde Plc Cutter tools and tip inserts therefor
EP0223896A2 (de) * 1985-10-30 1987-06-03 Maschinenfabrik Korfmann GmbH Schneidkettenglied einer Schrämkette
DE8813731U1 (de) * 1987-11-03 1989-01-05 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Ltd., Johannesburg, Transvaal Schneidwerkzeug für eine Bergbaumaschine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0625416A1 (de) * 1993-05-21 1994-11-23 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited Sägekettenschneidglied

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA915373B (en) 1992-07-29
AU7917891A (en) 1992-01-30
CA2046768A1 (en) 1992-01-26
IE912605A1 (en) 1992-01-29

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