EP0464036B1 - Process and device for processing monofilaments - Google Patents

Process and device for processing monofilaments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0464036B1
EP0464036B1 EP90903770A EP90903770A EP0464036B1 EP 0464036 B1 EP0464036 B1 EP 0464036B1 EP 90903770 A EP90903770 A EP 90903770A EP 90903770 A EP90903770 A EP 90903770A EP 0464036 B1 EP0464036 B1 EP 0464036B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
monofilaments
flow
air duct
modules
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EP90903770A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0464036A1 (en
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Heinz Reinbold
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
    • F27B9/10—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated heated by hot air or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F27B9/029—Multicellular type furnaces constructed with add-on modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/28—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/04—Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for orienting the thread-like macromolecules of monofilaments in a group with air of a certain temperature.
  • the invention relates to an air duct for treating monofilaments for the stretching, thermofisting process or the like, in particular for carrying out the method according to claim 1, with an air circulation system and a working duct through which the monofilaments pass, which is formed from a lower part and an upper part is that is movable with a fixed arrangement of the lower part.
  • Such air ducts are usually 1,000 mm wide and up to 5,000 mm long and are used for the thermal treatment of monofilaments. They are made in two parts and the monofilaments pass through the air duct between the two halves of the device.
  • the air speed deviations over the width and length of the air duct should be negligibly small.
  • the known air duct which is operated with hot air, has the disadvantage that it requires long temperature compensation distances in order to warm up the large apparatus masses evenly. This creates a long lead time when starting the known air duct.
  • the hot air is guided in two device halves that can be swiveled towards one another and whose air-guiding channels are connected to one another. The connection is made using bellows or specially designed stuffing boxes. This constructive solution is complex and prone to failure.
  • the injection nozzles draw cold air into the known air duct. This affects the surface temperature profile.
  • the temperature profile is also subject to increased fluctuations in the area where warm air is extracted from the air duct and on the side surfaces. These temperature changes have a quality-reducing effect on the monofilaments running there and thus impair the uniformity of the material properties of the monofilament sheet.
  • transverse accumulation ribs generate transverse turbulences in the known air duct, which counteract a uniform air velocity over the width and length of the known air duct.
  • the numerous throttle valves that are required in the known air duct so that the air quantities can be distributed approximately evenly.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing an air duct of the type mentioned in such a way that, with high-precision temperature control, there is a uniform, identical load on the individual monofilament in the family.
  • the air duct is formed from units of any number, each having an upper part and a lower part, an air heater or an air cooler and an air circulation device and can be coupled tightly together on the end faces of the units, the air circulation device in the air Cross flow through the working channel.
  • the air duct according to the invention thus has the essential advantage that the temperature profile in the working duct is subject to smaller fluctuations over its entire width and length than can be achieved by known air ducts at all.
  • an air cushion is built up at the inlet and at the outlet opening of a monofilament share, which closes the free cross section of the working duct from cold air flows from the surroundings.
  • the temperature profile can also be stabilized in the edge area by this measure.
  • the air duct according to the invention can be put together from units of any size, the size can the horizontal area of the working channel can be kept so small that it can be operated with an exact, fluctuation-free temperature profile over the length and width of the working channel.
  • Each unit has an air heater or an air cooler and an air recirculation device, so that depending on the performance of a production system, only one unit has to be coupled more or less to the existing air duct.
  • the temperature profile is independent of length.
  • the air duct according to the invention therefore does not have to be designed for specific process engineering applications, but can be used universally, as required by the market conditions. Monofilaments, which should and must meet the highest demands with regard to their desired diameter and physical data, can be produced more easily with the air duct according to the invention and a possible production scrap due to temperature fluctuations in the working duct can be excluded.
  • the individual units can be operated at different temperatures, so that sections in an air duct can be selected for heating, tempering or drying the monofilaments as required.
  • a further structural change of the monofilaments can be achieved by cooling after stretching.
  • the upper parts of the air duct can be pivoted and / or displaced together or individually in relation to the lower part.
  • the working channel preferably has a cross-sectional area which is delimited at the top and bottom by flow grids.
  • the working channel is also limited on all sides. Up and down from the flow grids that protect the working channel. In the event of a thread break, the monofilament falls onto the lower flow grille and is held there.
  • the working channel is delimited vertically to the running direction of the monofilaments by air cushions of the cross-flow and the side walls of a structural unit close the working channel tightly to the side.
  • the structural units have side walls which consist of one-piece or multi-piece insulation plates and can be fastened to a frame of the structural unit.
  • the structural unit can be assembled inexpensively and quickly even from simple prefabricated elements.
  • the elements are also interchangeable.
  • the necessary insulation of the structural unit so that undesired heat radiation does not occur can be selected, for example by attaching insulation panels of different thicknesses to the frame.
  • the structural units have a fresh air duct and an exhaust air duct, which connect one or both air flow spaces to the surroundings.
  • the air duct according to the invention can also be used as a convection dryer or convection fan.
  • the moisture loading of the air in the unit as well as the throughput of the air flow can be controlled as desired.
  • the H2O-laden air can be dehumidified by means of known devices which are connected to the structural unit either via the fresh air duct or the exhaust air duct.
  • the upper part and the lower part are firmly connected to one another and form a structural unit which has a working channel which is provided along an side wall with an opening which can be tightly covered with a strip by means of manually operated or automatic closing means.
  • the air duct according to the invention thus meets all of the expanded requirements that are placed on the manufacture of monofilaments of the highest precision.
  • the performance of the air duct can be expanded as required, is user-friendly and maintenance-friendly and can maintain a specified temperature field in a self-regulating manner.
  • Individual components of the air duct can be used both for heating and for cooling the monofilaments.
  • the structural units can also be held together on longitudinal beams and the side opening of the working channel can be closed by means of several individually designed flaps.
  • 1 is an air duct as it is composed of individual units 2.
  • a first unit 2 ', a second unit 2 ⁇ and a third unit 2 ′′′ are firmly coupled to each other, while a fourth unit 2 IV is shown spaced apart from the units 2', 2 ⁇ , 2 ′′′ for the sake of clarity.
  • the structural units 2 have a frame 3 in which a working channel 4 is cut out.
  • monofilaments 5 are arranged in a group. The monofilaments 5 are distributed over the entire width of the working channel 4. The monofilament is transported in the direction of the arrow.
  • the individual structural units 2 are composed of a side wall 6, a bottom wall 7, a top wall 8 and a side wall 9 which cannot be seen in the figure.
  • the walls are attached to the frame 3. Every unit 2 is provided with an inlet wall 10 and an outlet wall 11 which delimit the air duct 1 both at the beginning and at the end but also between the individual structural units 2. Insulation plates that prevent heat radiation in the respective direction can be attached or attached to the inlet wall 10 and to the outlet wall 11 at the beginning or at the end.
  • Each assembly 2 is composed of a lower part 12 and an upper part 13.
  • the upper part 13 can be pivoted and / or shifted relative to the lower part 12 in a spatially fixed arrangement.
  • flow grids 14, 15 are displaceably guided, which limit the working channel 4 of the structural unit 2 both upwards and downwards.
  • On the horizontal surfaces of the flow grids 14, 15 to the monofilaments 5 slot plates 14 ', 15' and diametrically to this sieves 14 ⁇ , 15 zu are arranged (see Fig. 5).
  • the flow grids 14, 15 support the slotted perforated plates 14 ', 15' and the sieves 14 ⁇ , 15 ⁇ on the one hand and, on the other hand, distribute and guide the air flowing into the working channel 4.
  • the flow grids 14, 15 can be removed from the assembly 2 via a flap 16 in the side wall 6.
  • the fastening strips 17, 18, 19 engage in corresponding recesses in the adjacent structural unit 2 ′′′ and are to be firmly connected to one another via elongated holes through which the screws reach.
  • the individual units 2 are to be adjusted to one another by means of adjusting screws 21 in such a way that the working duct 4 of the air duct 1 forms a plane that is aligned horizontally.
  • two rollers 22 are attached to the assembly 2 as an example.
  • the representation in FIG. 1 conceals one of the rollers 22 on the structural unit 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows the operating principle of the air duct 1 according to the invention in a highly schematic manner.
  • An air flow 25 can be guided in antiparallel arrow directions 26, 26 '.
  • the air flow 25 is heated by an air heater 27.
  • the air heater 27 can be replaced by an air cooler.
  • each assembly 2 has a flow zone 29 to which the monofilaments 5 are exposed.
  • Fig. 3 shows the air duct 1 in a spatial representation with the essential internals.
  • the outlet wall 11 is removed on the structural unit 2.
  • On frame 3 are the outside Fixed walls and insulation mats on the inside, which are covered by air duct surfaces, preferably thin sheets.
  • the air flow 25 runs in the illustrated case in the direction of arrow 30, that is, the air is pressed from below through the flow grille 15, which can be equipped with the sieve 15 ⁇ and the slotted perforated plate 15 'in the working channel 4 and leaves via the flow grille 14 Working channel 4.
  • the running direction of the monofilament 5 is indicated by an arrow drawn with broken lines.
  • the screens 14 ⁇ , 15 ⁇ and the slotted perforated sheets 14 ', 15' are not shown in the figure on the flow grille 14, 15
  • flow baffles 33 are arranged such that they form circular openings 34, 34 'at the upper and lower ends of the air flow space 32 together with the flow body 31.
  • the air flow space 32 forms the flow zone 29.
  • the circular openings 34, 34' preferably in the form of a truncated cone, the circular area of which with the larger diameter merges into a rectangular area , which corresponds to the area of the flow grids 14, 15.
  • the air is circulated in the air flow spaces 32, 32 'by the air circulation device 28 sucks the air through the air heater 27 or an air cooler (not shown) and presses it from below through the opening 34 into the working channel 4.
  • the air is distributed evenly over the surface of the flow grille 15.
  • temperature sensors 35 In the air flow spaces 32, 32 ', temperature sensors 35, humidity sensors 36, pressure sensors, air flow measuring points and air speed measuring points are provided.
  • the temperature sensors 35 and the humidity sensors 36 at the lower and upper ends of the air flow space 32 are shown as examples in FIG. 3.
  • the air heater 27 is encased on both sides at a distance from the top and from below by filter mats 38.
  • the filter mats 38 hold back low-molecular particles, which are circulating in the air flow 25, in the filter mats 38 and ensure that no dirt particles can enter the air heater 27.
  • the air heater 27, like the filter mats 38, is installed in the unit 2 in such a way that it can be quickly and individually removed from the unit 2 so that, for example, the air heater 27 can be replaced by an air cooler.
  • the flow grids 14, 15 can be exchanged, which are held in guide rails in the assembly 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows the assembly 2 in a side view.
  • the monofilaments 5 are guided through the structural unit 2 in the direction of the arrow.
  • the flow guide plates 33 adjoin the inlet wall 10 and the outlet wall 11 from the inside.
  • the air flow space 32 extends between the flow guide plates 33 and the flow body 31.
  • the internal insulation of the structural unit 2 is shown in the figure at 39. If several components 2 are strung together to form an air duct 1, the internal insulation in the area of the inlet wall 10 and the outlet wall 11 can be omitted.
  • the air circulation device 28 is installed in the lower part 12.
  • the flap 16 is still partially shown, which covers the flow grids 14, 15 tightly from the side in the case of the assembly 2.
  • the air heater 27 is shown in dashed lines in the figure.
  • Fig. 5 shows a top view of the flow grille 14 and in the cutout parts of the slotted perforated plate 14 'and the sieve 14 ⁇ .
  • the top view corresponds to the flow grid 15, not shown.
  • the flow grid 14 has the only partially represented channels 40, which are arranged close to one another and have, for example, a circular opening. With the sieve 14 ⁇ , a dynamic pressure is generated in the air flow space 32. The dynamic pressure is so great that the air is evenly distributed on the surface of the sieve 14 ⁇ .
  • FIG. 5a shows a top view of a partial section of the flow grid 14 on an enlarged scale.
  • the channels 40 taper to a circular area, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the circular opening on the surface of the flow grille 14.
  • the circular openings of the surface are covered on one side by the sieve 14 ⁇ and on the other side by the perforated plate 14 ' .
  • Fig. 6 shows the flow grille 14 in the front view of FIG. 5 with the slotted perforated plate 14 'and the sieve 14 ⁇ .
  • a profile strip 41 extends along one side and cooperates with the flap 16 in the installed state of the flow grille 14.
  • the flap 16 lies with the inside on the profile strip 41 on.
  • the profile strip 41 can be made of an insulation material and, in addition to the flap 16, have a sealing strip which is arranged between the profile strip 41 and the flap 16 when the flap 16 is closed and is slightly deformed by the contact pressure of the flap 16.
  • FIG. 6a shows the individual channels 40 enlarged in part and shown spatially.
  • Excerpts of the slotted perforated plate 14 'and the sieve 14 ⁇ limit the channels 40.
  • the channels 40 shown here as examples are two truncated cones which abut one another with their smaller opening diameters.
  • FIG. 7 shows another possible representation of the possible structure of a flow grid 14, 15.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an air duct according to the invention, which in the figure is composed, for example, of two structural units 45.
  • the structural units 45 the upper part and the lower part are firmly connected to one another.
  • a working channel 46 is formed between the upper and lower part.
  • the monofilaments 5 are transported in the working channel 46 in the direction of the arrow.
  • the working channel 46 is open facing a side wall 47 of the respective structural unit 45. It has an opening 48.
  • the opening 48 can be covered with a strip 49.
  • the strip 49 can be moved down by means of manually operated or automatic devices. It is thus possible that the strip 49 only partially or completely clears the opening 48.
  • the strip 49 extends over both structural units 45, so that when the strip 49 is displaced, the opening 48 of both structural units 45 becomes free at the same time.
  • a guide rail 50 is provided on the bar 49 is at the top to the outside directed edge.
  • the guide rail 50 is made of a poorly heat-conductive material and is preferably curved in cross section. The monofilament bundle can be guided along the guide rail 50 when threading.
  • the strip 49 is located on the side walls 47 of the structural units 45 in a position in which the openings 48 are partially free.
  • the side walls 47 also have an operating panel and monitoring display field 51, which is not identified in any more detail and which, for example, is provided on the assembly 45 to accommodate display devices, switching and control buttons.
  • the structural units 45 are guided on a longitudinal beam 53 and fastened to it.
  • the longitudinal members 53 are partially drawn with dashed lines in the figure to indicate that, depending on the length of the longitudinal members 53, further structural units 45 can also be coupled to the existing structural units 45.
  • An outlet wall 54 which prevents heat radiation as an insulation wall, can be fastened to the outside of the structural unit 45, which closes off the air duct.
  • the outlet wall 54 is removed, the further structural units 45 are added, and the outlet wall 54 is plugged on to the last structural unit, i.e. to the outside through which the monofilaments 5 emerge into the environment.
  • FIG. 9 shows a section of a bar 49 on an enlarged scale as it abuts the profile bars 41 of the flow grids 14, 15.
  • the profile strips 41 can, as shown in the figure, also have sealing strips 55 which are easily deformed by the contact pressure of the strip 49 and thus seal the working channel 46 tightly from the side wall 47.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a process for orienting the fibre-like macromolecules of monofilaments in an assembly of monofilaments, using air at a given temperature. The monofilaments are processed using a series of any number of individual flow zones arranged in a row, the flow zones extending at right angles to the direction of motion of the monofilaments. The advantage of the invention is that, with extremely precise control of the temperature, each individual monofilament in the assembly is subjected to the same uniform stress.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zur Orientierung der fadenartigen Makromoleküle von Monofilen in einer Schar mit Luft bestimmter Temperatur.The invention is based on a method for orienting the thread-like macromolecules of monofilaments in a group with air of a certain temperature.

Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung einen Luftkanal zum Behandeln von Monofilen für den Reck-, Thermofisierprozeß o. dgl., insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, mit einem Luftumwälzsystem und einem Arbeitskanal, den die Monofile durchlaufen, der aus einem Unterteil und einem Oberteil gebildet ist, das bei raumfester Anordnung des Unterteils bewegbar ist.Furthermore, the invention relates to an air duct for treating monofilaments for the stretching, thermofisting process or the like, in particular for carrying out the method according to claim 1, with an air circulation system and a working duct through which the monofilaments pass, which is formed from a lower part and an upper part is that is movable with a fixed arrangement of the lower part.

Ein derartiges Verfahren und eine entsprechende Vorrichtung dazu ist durch die DE-PS 26 14 258 bekannt geworden.Such a method and a corresponding device for this is known from DE-PS 26 14 258.

Derartige Luftkanäle sind in der Regel 1.000 mm breit und bis zu 5.000 mm lang und werden zur thermischen Behandlung von Monofilen verwendet. Sie sind zweiteilig ausgeführt und die Monofile durchlaufen den Luftkanal zwischen den beiden Gerätehälften. Um gleichmäßige physikalische Eigenschaften wie Zugfestigkeit, Dehnung, Elastizitätsmodul, Schrumpf, Formstabilität, Verschleißfestigkeit, Flexibilität für das jeweils einzelne Monofil einer Schar zu erreichen, muß nicht nur die Temperatur über die ganze Fläche, die die Schar der Monofile bildet, einheitlich sein, sondern es sollten ferner die Luftgeschwindigkeitsabweichungen über die Breite und die Länge des Luftkanals vernachlässigbar klein sein. Mit zum Stand der Technik zählenden Luftkanälen lassen sich im Arbeitskanal der Monofile Temperaturtoleranzen von T = +/- 1° Celsius und Luftgeschwindigkeitstoleranzen v = +/- 0,5 m/sec erreichen.Such air ducts are usually 1,000 mm wide and up to 5,000 mm long and are used for the thermal treatment of monofilaments. They are made in two parts and the monofilaments pass through the air duct between the two halves of the device. In order to achieve uniform physical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, modulus of elasticity, shrinkage, dimensional stability, wear resistance, flexibility for the individual monofilament of a coulter, not only the temperature over the entire area that forms the coulter of the monofilament must be uniform, but it Furthermore, the air speed deviations over the width and length of the air duct should be negligibly small. With air channels belonging to the state of the art, temperature tolerances of T = +/- 1 ° Celsius and air speed tolerances v = +/- 0.5 m / sec can be achieved in the working channel of the monofilaments.

Es ist einfach zu erkennen, daß die angegebenen Toleranzwerte über einer Fläche von bis zu F = 5 m² nur mit einem hohen apparativen Aufwand zu erreichen sind, d.h., die Wandungen müssen besonders dick sein, die Dichtungen müssen besonders sorgfältig ausgewählt werden und die Fertigung der Apparateflächen, die zumindest beim An- und Abfahren einer Anlage großen Temperaturschwankungen unterworfen sind, ist besonders aufwendig.It is easy to see that the specified tolerance values over an area of up to F = 5 m² can only be achieved with a high level of equipment, ie the walls must be particularly thick, the seals must be selected with particular care and the manufacture of the Apparatus surfaces, which are subject to large temperature fluctuations at least when starting up and shutting down a system, are particularly complex.

Ferner ist bei den bekannten Luftkanälen, die ausschließlich mit Heißluft betrieben werden, schon heute eine maximale Fertigungsgröße erreicht, die den Anforderungen moderner Fertigungsstraßen aber nicht mehr gerecht werden können, die mit immer größeren Laufgeschwindigkeiten arbeiten.Furthermore, the known air ducts, which are operated exclusively with hot air, have already reached a maximum production size that meets the requirements of modern production lines but can no longer do justice to those who work with ever increasing running speeds.

Der bekannte Luftkanal, der mit Heißluft betrieben wird, hat den Nachteil, daß er lange Temperaturausgleichsstrecken benötigt, um die großen Apparatemassen gleichmäßig aufzuwärmen. Es entsteht dadurch ein zeitlich langer Vorlauf beim Anfahren des bekannten Luftkanals. Die Führung der Heißluft erfolgt in zwei zueinander verschwenkbaren Gerätehälften, deren luftführende Kanäle miteinander verbunden sind. Die Verbindung erfolgt über Faltenbälke oder besonders ausgestaltete Stopfbuchsen. Diese konstruktive Lösung ist aufwendig und störungsanfällig.The known air duct, which is operated with hot air, has the disadvantage that it requires long temperature compensation distances in order to warm up the large apparatus masses evenly. This creates a long lead time when starting the known air duct. The hot air is guided in two device halves that can be swiveled towards one another and whose air-guiding channels are connected to one another. The connection is made using bellows or specially designed stuffing boxes. This constructive solution is complex and prone to failure.

Ferner ziehen die Einblasdüsen Kaltluft in den bekannten Luftkanal. Dies beeinträchtigt das Flächentemperaturprofil. Das Temperaturprofil unterliegt auch erhöhten Schwankungen im Abzugsbereich der Warmluft aus dem Luftkanal und an den Seitenflächen. Diese Temperaturänderungen wirken sich qualitätsmindernd auf die dort verlaufenden Monofile aus und beeinträchtigen damit die Einheitlichkeit der Materialeigenschaft der Monofilschar. Zudem erzeugen im bekannten Luftkanal querliegende Staurippen Turbulenzen, die einer gleichmäßigen Luftgeschwindigkeit über die Breite und Länge des bekannten Luftkanals entgegenwirken. Schließlich ist auch noch auf die zahlreichen Drosselklappen hinzuweisen, die bei dem bekannten Luftkanal benötigt werden, damit die Luftmengen annährend gleichmäßig verteilt werden können.Furthermore, the injection nozzles draw cold air into the known air duct. This affects the surface temperature profile. The temperature profile is also subject to increased fluctuations in the area where warm air is extracted from the air duct and on the side surfaces. These temperature changes have a quality-reducing effect on the monofilaments running there and thus impair the uniformity of the material properties of the monofilament sheet. In addition, transverse accumulation ribs generate transverse turbulences in the known air duct, which counteract a uniform air velocity over the width and length of the known air duct. Finally, it should also be noted the numerous throttle valves that are required in the known air duct so that the air quantities can be distributed approximately evenly.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Luftkanal der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß bei hochgenauer Temperaturführung eine einheitliche, gleiche Belastung des einzelnen Monofils in der Schar erfolgt.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing an air duct of the type mentioned in such a way that, with high-precision temperature control, there is a uniform, identical load on the individual monofilament in the family.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Monofile von in beliebiger Anzahl aneinandergereihten einzelnen Strömungszonen behandelt werden, die sich zur Laufrichtung der Monofile orthogonal erstrecken.This object is achieved in that the monofilaments are treated by any number of individual flow zones lined up which extend orthogonally to the running direction of the monofilaments.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß auch dadurch gelöst, daß der Luftkanal aus Baueinheiten beliebiger Anzahl gebildet ist, die jeweils ein Oberteil und ein Unterteil, einen Lufterhitzer oder einen Luftkühler und ein Luftumwälzgerät aufweisen und über Stirnseiten der Baueinheiten dicht aneinanderkoppelbar sind, wobei das Luftumwälzgerät die Luft im Kreuzstrom durch den Arbeitskanal führt.The object is also achieved in that the air duct is formed from units of any number, each having an upper part and a lower part, an air heater or an air cooler and an air circulation device and can be coupled tightly together on the end faces of the units, the air circulation device in the air Cross flow through the working channel.

Der erfindungsgemäße Luftkanal hat damit den wesentlichen Vorteil, daß das Temperaturprofil im Arbeitskanal über seine gesamte Breite und Länge kleineren Schwankungen unterworfen ist als dies von bekannten Luftkanälen überhaupt erreicht werden kann. Das Temperaturprofil des erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanals läßt Schwankungen von maximal T = +/- 0,5° Celsius zu und verbessert damit die Produktqualität der Monofile entscheidend. Durch den Betrieb des Luftkanals im Kreuzstrom wird an der Eintritts- wie auch an der Austrittsöffnung einer Monofilschar ein Luftpolster aufgebaut, das den freien Querschnitt des Arbeitskanals gegenüber Kaltluftströmungen aus der Umgebung verschließt. Das Temperaturprofil kann durch diese Maßnahme auch im Randbereich stabilisiert werden.The air duct according to the invention thus has the essential advantage that the temperature profile in the working duct is subject to smaller fluctuations over its entire width and length than can be achieved by known air ducts at all. The temperature profile of the air duct according to the invention allows fluctuations of at most T = +/- 0.5 ° Celsius and thus decisively improves the product quality of the monofilaments. By operating the air duct in a cross flow, an air cushion is built up at the inlet and at the outlet opening of a monofilament share, which closes the free cross section of the working duct from cold air flows from the surroundings. The temperature profile can also be stabilized in the edge area by this measure.

Dadurch, daß der erfindungsgemäße Luftkanal aus Baueinheiten beliebiger Größe zusammengestellt werden kann, kann die Größe der horizontalen Fläche des Arbeitskanals so klein gehalten werden, daß sie mit einem exakten, schwankungsfreien Temperaturprofil über der Länge und der Breite des Arbeitskanals betrieben werden kann. Jede Baueinheit weist einen Lufterhitzer oder einen Luftkühler und ein Luftumwälzgerät auf, so daß je nach Leistung einer Produktionsanlage nur eine Baueinheit mehr oder weniger an den bestehenden Luftkanal angekoppelt werden muß. Das Temperaturprofil ist längenunabhängig. Der erfindungsgemäße Luftkanal muß daher nicht für bestimmte verfahrenstechnische Anwendungen konzipiert werden, sondern er läßt sich universell einsetzen, so wie es die Marktgegebenheiten erfordern. Monofile, die höchsten Ansprüchen bezüglich ihrer gewünschten Durchmesser und physikalischen Daten gerecht werden sollen und müssen, lassen sich mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanal problemfreier herstellen und ein möglicher Produktionsausschuß aufgrund von Temperaturschwankungen im Arbeitskanal ist auszuschließen.Because the air duct according to the invention can be put together from units of any size, the size can the horizontal area of the working channel can be kept so small that it can be operated with an exact, fluctuation-free temperature profile over the length and width of the working channel. Each unit has an air heater or an air cooler and an air recirculation device, so that depending on the performance of a production system, only one unit has to be coupled more or less to the existing air duct. The temperature profile is independent of length. The air duct according to the invention therefore does not have to be designed for specific process engineering applications, but can be used universally, as required by the market conditions. Monofilaments, which should and must meet the highest demands with regard to their desired diameter and physical data, can be produced more easily with the air duct according to the invention and a possible production scrap due to temperature fluctuations in the working duct can be excluded.

Die einzelnen Baueinheiten lassen sich mit unterschiedlichen Temperaturen betreiben, so daß je nach Bedarf Abschnitte in einem Luftkanal für die Erwärmung, Temperierung oder auch zur Trocknung der Monofile ausgewählt werden können. In Verbindung mit einem Luftkühler in der Baueinheit kann nach der Verstreckung eine weitere Strukturveränderung der Monofile durch Kühlung erreicht werden.The individual units can be operated at different temperatures, so that sections in an air duct can be selected for heating, tempering or drying the monofilaments as required. In connection with an air cooler in the structural unit, a further structural change of the monofilaments can be achieved by cooling after stretching.

Werden Arbeitskanalflächen von F = 0,5 m² bis zu F = 1 m² ausgewählt, so ist neben dem besonders vorteilhaften Kreuzstrombetrieb des erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanals einfach erkennbar, daß es zur Konstanthaltung des auf der genannten Fläche einzustellenden Temperaturprofils gegenüber bekannten Systemen eines geringeren apparativen Aufwands bedarf.If working channel areas of F = 0.5 m² to F = 1 m² are selected, it is easy to see, in addition to the particularly advantageous cross-flow operation of the air duct according to the invention, that in order to maintain the temperature profile to be set on the area mentioned, less equipment is required compared to known systems.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Oberteile des Luftkanals gemeinsam oder jeweils einzeln gegenüber dem Unterteil verschwenkbar und/oder verschiebbar.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper parts of the air duct can be pivoted and / or displaced together or individually in relation to the lower part.

Dies hat den Vorteil, daß zum Anfahren einer Monofilamentanlage die Monofile einfach durch den Luftkanal hindurchgeführt werden können und daß zu Reinigungszwecken oder im Störfall die einzelne Baueinheit schnell geöffnet werden kann.This has the advantage that the monofilaments can be simply passed through the air duct to start up a monofilament system and that the individual structural unit can be opened quickly for cleaning purposes or in the event of a fault.

Weiterhin weist bevorzugt der Arbeitskanal eine Querschnittsfläche auf, die nach oben und unten von Strömungsgittern begrenzt ist.Furthermore, the working channel preferably has a cross-sectional area which is delimited at the top and bottom by flow grids.

Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die in einer Schar verlaufenden Monofile jeweils einzeln gleichmäßig umströmt werden. Der Arbeitskanal ist auch allseitig begrenzt. Nach oben und unten von den Strömungsgittern, die den Arbeitskanal schützen. Bei einem Fadenbruch fällt das Monofil auf das untere Strömungsgitter und wird dort gehalten. Vertikal zur Laufrichtung der Monofile ist der Arbeitskanal durch Luftpolster des Kreuzstroms begrenzt und seitlich schließen die Seitenwände einer Baueinheit den Arbeitskanal dicht ab.This has the advantage that the monofilaments running in a coulter are individually evenly flowed around. The working channel is also limited on all sides. Up and down from the flow grids that protect the working channel. In the event of a thread break, the monofilament falls onto the lower flow grille and is held there. The working channel is delimited vertically to the running direction of the monofilaments by air cushions of the cross-flow and the side walls of a structural unit close the working channel tightly to the side.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weisen die Baueinheiten Seitenwände auf, die aus ein- oder mehrstückigen Isolationsplatten bestehen und an einem Rahmen der Baueinheit befestigbar sind.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the structural units have side walls which consist of one-piece or multi-piece insulation plates and can be fastened to a frame of the structural unit.

Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Baueinheit selbst aus einfachen vorgefertigten Elementen kostengünstig und schnell aufgebaut werden kann. Die Elemente sind ferner gegeneinander austauschbar. Die notwendige Isolation der Baueinheit, damit eine unerwünschte Wärmeabstrahlung unterbleibt, kann je nach Anwendung gewählt werden, indem zum Beispiel Isolationsplatten unterschiedlicher Dicke am Rahmen befestigt werden.This has the advantage that the structural unit can be assembled inexpensively and quickly even from simple prefabricated elements. The elements are also interchangeable. Depending on the application, the necessary insulation of the structural unit so that undesired heat radiation does not occur can be selected, for example by attaching insulation panels of different thicknesses to the frame.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weisen die Baueinheiten einen Frischluftkanal und einen Abluftkanal auf, die einen oder beide Luftströmungsräume mit der Umgebung verbinden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the structural units have a fresh air duct and an exhaust air duct, which connect one or both air flow spaces to the surroundings.

Dies hat den Vorteil, daß der erfindungsgemäße Luftkanal auch als Konvektionstrockner oder Konvektionslüfter eingesetzt werden kann. Die Feuchtigkeitsbeladung der Luft in der Baueinheit kann wie auch der Durchsatz der Luftströmung beliebig gesteuert werden. Die Entfeuchtung der H₂O-beladenen Luft kann mittels bekannter Vorrichtungen erfolgen, die entweder über den Frischluftkanal oder den Abluftkanal mit der Baueinheit verbunden sind.This has the advantage that the air duct according to the invention can also be used as a convection dryer or convection fan. The moisture loading of the air in the unit as well as the throughput of the air flow can be controlled as desired. The H₂O-laden air can be dehumidified by means of known devices which are connected to the structural unit either via the fresh air duct or the exhaust air duct.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind das Oberteil und das Unterteil fest miteinander verbunden und bilden eine Baueinheit, die einen Arbeitskanal aufweist, der längs einer Seitenwand mit einer Öffnung versehen ist, die mit einer Leiste über handbetätigte oder automatische Schließmittel dicht abdeckbar ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, the upper part and the lower part are firmly connected to one another and form a structural unit which has a working channel which is provided along an side wall with an opening which can be tightly covered with a strip by means of manually operated or automatic closing means.

Der erfindungsgemäße Luftkanal entspricht damit allen erweiterten Anforderungen, die bei der Herstellung von Monofilamenten höchster Präzision gestellt werden. Der Luftkanal ist in der Leistung beliebig erweiterbar, ist bedienungs- sowie wartungsfreundlich und kann ein vorgegebenes Temperaturfeld selbstregelnd exakt halten. Einzelne Baueinheiten des Luftkanals können sowohl zum Erwärmen als auch zum Kühlen der Monofile eingesetzt werden. Die Baueinheiten können auch auf Längsträgern geführt zusammengehalten werden und die seitliche Öffnung des Arbeitskanals kann über mehrere einzeln ausgestaltete Klappen verschlossen sein.The air duct according to the invention thus meets all of the expanded requirements that are placed on the manufacture of monofilaments of the highest precision. The performance of the air duct can be expanded as required, is user-friendly and maintenance-friendly and can maintain a specified temperature field in a self-regulating manner. Individual components of the air duct can be used both for heating and for cooling the monofilaments. The structural units can also be held together on longitudinal beams and the side opening of the working channel can be closed by means of several individually designed flaps.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und der beigefügten Zeichnung. Ebenso können die vorstehend genannten und die noch weiter aufgeführten Merkmale erfindungsgemäß jeweils einzeln oder in beliebigen Kombinationen miteinander verwendet werden. Die erwähnten Ausführungsformen sind nicht als abschließende Aufzählung zu verstehen, sondern haben vielmehr beispielhaften Charakter.Further advantages result from the description and the attached drawing. Likewise, the features mentioned above and those listed further can be used according to the invention individually or in any combination with one another will. The mentioned embodiments are not to be understood as an exhaustive list, but rather have an exemplary character.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanal bestehend aus mehreren Baueinheiten;
Fig. 2
ein stark schematisiertes Funktionsprinzip einer einzelnen Baueinheit eines erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanals;
Fig. 3
eine räumliche Darstellung einer Baueinheit eines erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanals im Schnitt;
Fig. 4
eine Seitenansicht einer Baueinheit eines erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanals;
Fig. 5
ein Strömungsgitter einer Baueinheit mit verschiedenen Ausschnitten in Draufsicht;
Fig. 5a
einen Teilausschnitt eines Strömungsgitters nach der Fig. 5 in Draufsicht in vergrößertem Maßstab;
Fig. 6
eine Vorderansicht des Strömungsgitters mit Profilleiste, Schlitzblech und Sieb nach der Fig. 5;
Fig. 6a
einen Teilausschnitt des Schnitts nach Fig. 5a in vergrößertem Maßstab und in räumlicher Darstellung;
Fig. 7
eine beispielhafte Kanalform von Kanälen des Strömungsgitters im Teilausschnitt, vergrößert und räumlich dargestellt;
Fig. 8
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanals bestehend aus beispielsweise zwei Baueinheiten;
Fig. 9
einen Ausschnitt einer Leiste im vergrößterten Maßstab nach Fig. 8.
The invention is illustrated in the drawing and is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
an air duct according to the invention consisting of several units;
Fig. 2
a highly schematic functional principle of a single structural unit of an air duct according to the invention;
Fig. 3
a spatial representation of a unit of an air duct according to the invention in section;
Fig. 4
a side view of a structural unit of an air duct according to the invention;
Fig. 5
a flow grid of a unit with different cutouts in plan view;
Fig. 5a
a partial section of a flow grid according to Figure 5 in plan view on an enlarged scale.
Fig. 6
a front view of the flow grille with profile strip, slotted plate and sieve according to FIG. 5;
Fig. 6a
a partial section of the section of Figure 5a on an enlarged scale and in a spatial representation.
Fig. 7
an exemplary channel shape of channels of the flow grid in partial section, enlarged and shown spatially;
Fig. 8
a further embodiment of an air duct according to the invention consisting, for example, of two structural units;
Fig. 9
a section of a bar on an enlarged scale according to FIG. 8.

Die einzelnen Figuren der Zeichnung zeigen teilweise stark schematisiert den erfindungsgemäßen Gegenstand und sind nicht maßstäblich zu verstehen. Die Gegenstände der einzelnen Figuren sind teilweise stark vergrößert dargestellt, damit ihr Aufbau besser gezeigt werden kann.The individual figures of the drawing show the subject according to the invention in a highly schematic manner and are not to be understood to scale. The objects of the individual figures are partially shown greatly enlarged so that their structure can be shown better.

In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 ein Luftkanal dargestellt, wie er sich aus einzelnen Baueinheiten 2 zusammensetzt. In der Fig. 1 sind eine erste Baueinheit 2′, eine zweite Baueinheit 2˝ und eine dritte Baueinheit 2‴ fest aneinandergekoppelt, während eine vierte Baueinheit 2IV der Übersichtlichkeit halber beabstandet von den Baueinheiten 2′, 2˝, 2‴ eingezeichnet ist. Die Baueinheiten 2 weisen einen Rahmen 3 auf, in dem ein Arbeitskanal 4 ausgespart ist. Im Arbeitskanal 4 sind Monofile 5 in einer Schar angeordnet. Die Monofile 5 sind über die ganzen Breite des Arbeitskanals 4 verteilt. Der Transport der Monofile erfolgt in Pfeilrichtung. Die einzelnen Baueinheiten 2 setzen sich aus einer Seitenwand 6, aus einer Bodenwand 7, einer Deckenwand 8 und einer in der Figur nicht einzusehenden Seitenwand 9 zusammen. Die Wände sind an dem Rahmen 3 befestigt. Jede Baueinheit 2 ist mit einer Eintrittswand 10 und einer Austrittswand 11 versehen, die den Luftkanal 1 sowohl am Anfang wie auch am Ende aber auch zwischen den einzelnen Baueinheiten 2 begrenzen. An der Eintrittswand 10 und an der Austrittswand 11 am Anfang bzw. am Ende sind Isolationsplatten aufsteckbar oder zu befestigen, die eine Wärmeabstrahlung in die jeweilige Richtung verhindern.In Fig. 1, 1 is an air duct as it is composed of individual units 2. In Fig. 1, a first unit 2 ', a second unit 2˝ and a third unit 2 ‴ are firmly coupled to each other, while a fourth unit 2 IV is shown spaced apart from the units 2', 2˝, 2 ‴ for the sake of clarity. The structural units 2 have a frame 3 in which a working channel 4 is cut out. In the working channel 4, monofilaments 5 are arranged in a group. The monofilaments 5 are distributed over the entire width of the working channel 4. The monofilament is transported in the direction of the arrow. The individual structural units 2 are composed of a side wall 6, a bottom wall 7, a top wall 8 and a side wall 9 which cannot be seen in the figure. The walls are attached to the frame 3. Every unit 2 is provided with an inlet wall 10 and an outlet wall 11 which delimit the air duct 1 both at the beginning and at the end but also between the individual structural units 2. Insulation plates that prevent heat radiation in the respective direction can be attached or attached to the inlet wall 10 and to the outlet wall 11 at the beginning or at the end.

Jede Baueinheit 2 ist aus einem Unterteil 12 und einem Oberteil 13 zusammengesetzt. Das Oberteil 13 läßt sich bei raumfester Anordnung des Unterteils 12 gegenüber diesem verschwenken und/oder verschieben. In dem Unterteil 12, wie auch in dem Oberteil 13 sind Strömungsgitter 14, 15 verschiebbar geführt, die den Arbeitskanal 4 der Baueinheit 2 sowohl nach oben wie auch nach unten begrenzen. An den horizontalen Oberflächen der Strömungsgitter 14, 15 sind zu den Monofilen 5 hin Schlitzlochbleche 14′, 15′ und diametral dazu Siebe 14˝, 15˝ angeordnet (siehe Fig. 5). Die Strömungsgitter 14, 15 stützen einerseits die Schlitzlochbleche 14′, 15′ und die Siebe 14˝, 15˝ und andererseits verteilen und führen sie die Luft, die in den Arbeitskanal 4 strömt. Die Strömungsgitter 14, 15 sind über eine Klappe 16 in der Seitenwand 6 aus der Baueinheit 2 herausnehmbar.Each assembly 2 is composed of a lower part 12 and an upper part 13. The upper part 13 can be pivoted and / or shifted relative to the lower part 12 in a spatially fixed arrangement. In the lower part 12, as well as in the upper part 13, flow grids 14, 15 are displaceably guided, which limit the working channel 4 of the structural unit 2 both upwards and downwards. On the horizontal surfaces of the flow grids 14, 15 to the monofilaments 5 slot plates 14 ', 15' and diametrically to this sieves 14˝, 15 zu are arranged (see Fig. 5). The flow grids 14, 15 support the slotted perforated plates 14 ', 15' and the sieves 14˝, 15˝ on the one hand and, on the other hand, distribute and guide the air flowing into the working channel 4. The flow grids 14, 15 can be removed from the assembly 2 via a flap 16 in the side wall 6.

Die Baueinheiten 2 sind, wie beispielhaft in der Fig. 1 an den Baueinheiten 2‴ und 2IV gezeigt, über Befestigungsleisten 17, 18, 19 fest miteinander verbindbar. Die Befestigungsleisten 17, 18, 19 greifen in entsprechende Aussparungen der angrenzenden Baueinheit 2‴ und sind über Langlöcher, durch die Schrauben greifen, fest miteinander zu verbinden.The structural units 2, as shown by way of example in FIG. 1 on the structural units 2 ‴ and 2 IV , can be firmly connected to one another via fastening strips 17, 18, 19. The fastening strips 17, 18, 19 engage in corresponding recesses in the adjacent structural unit 2 ‴ and are to be firmly connected to one another via elongated holes through which the screws reach.

Die einzelnen Baueinheiten 2 sind über Justierschrauben 21 so aneinander anzupassen, daß der Arbeitskanal 4 des Luftkanals 1 eine Ebene bildet, die horizontal ausgerichtet ist. Neben den Justierschrauben 21 sind an der Baueinheit 2 zwei Laufrollen 22 beispielhaft angebracht. Die Darstellung in der Fig. 1 verdeckt an der Baueinheit 2 jeweils eine der Laufrollen 22.The individual units 2 are to be adjusted to one another by means of adjusting screws 21 in such a way that the working duct 4 of the air duct 1 forms a plane that is aligned horizontally. In addition to the adjusting screws 21, two rollers 22 are attached to the assembly 2 as an example. The representation in FIG. 1 conceals one of the rollers 22 on the structural unit 2.

Fig. 2 zeigt stark schematisiert das Funktionsprinzip des erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanals 1. Eine Luftströmung 25 ist in antiparallelen Pfeilrichtungen 26, 26′ führbar. Die Luftströmung 25 wird von einem Lufterhitzer 27 erwärmt. Der Lufterhitzer 27 kann durch einen Luftkühler ersetzt werden. Ein Luftumwälzgerät 28, bevorzugt ein Ventilator, hält die Luft im Umlauf, in dem er sie z.B. von unten in Pfeilrichtung 26′ in den Arbeitskanal 4, den die Monofile 5 in einer Schar durchlaufen, drückt. Ändert sich die Laufrichtung des Luftumwälzgerätes 28, so wird die Luftströmung 25 senkrecht nach oben durch den Lufterhitzer 27 (oder den Luftkühler) gedrückt und strömt von oben kommend in den Arbeitskanal 4. In diesem Fall werden die Monofile 5 von oben nach unten umströmt. Je nach Anwendung ist es auch denkbar, daß in einer Baueinheit 2 die Luftströmung in Pfeilrichtung 26′ geführt wird und in der direkt daran anschließenden Baueinheit 2 die Luftströmung in Pfeilrichtung 26 verläuft. Ferner können in einem Luftkanal 1 eine oder mehrere Baueinheiten 2 als Trockner, als Reck- oder Thermofixiereinheit oder als Kühler eingesetzt werden. Das Luftumwälzgerät 28 kann auch so betrieben werden, daß es in einem Zeitintervall die Luft in Pfeilrichtung 26′ und in einem anderen Zeitintervall in Pfeilrichtung 26 drückt. Jede Baueinheit 2 weist eine Strömungszone 29 auf, der die Monofile 5 ausgesetzt sind.Fig. 2 shows the operating principle of the air duct 1 according to the invention in a highly schematic manner. An air flow 25 can be guided in antiparallel arrow directions 26, 26 '. The air flow 25 is heated by an air heater 27. The air heater 27 can be replaced by an air cooler. An air circulation device 28, preferably a fan, keeps the air in circulation by e.g. from below in the direction of arrow 26 'in the working channel 4, which the monofilaments 5 pass through in a flock. If the direction of rotation of the air circulation device 28 changes, the air flow 25 is pushed vertically upwards by the air heater 27 (or the air cooler) and flows from above into the working channel 4. In this case, the monofilaments 5 are flowed around from top to bottom. Depending on the application, it is also conceivable that in a unit 2, the air flow is guided in the arrow direction 26 'and in the directly adjoining unit 2, the air flow runs in the arrow direction 26. Furthermore, one or more structural units 2 can be used in an air duct 1 as a dryer, as a stretching or heat-setting unit or as a cooler. The air recirculation device 28 can also be operated so that it presses the air in the direction of arrow 26 'in one time interval and in arrow direction 26 in another time interval. Each assembly 2 has a flow zone 29 to which the monofilaments 5 are exposed.

Fig. 3 zeigt den Luftkanal 1 in einer räumlichen Darstellung mit den wesentlichen Einbauten. Die Austrittswand 11 ist an der Baueinheit 2 entfernt. Am Rahmen 3 sind nach außen die Wände befestigt und nach innen Isolationsmatten, die von Luftkanalflächen, bevorzugt dünnen Blechen, abgedeckt sind. Die Luftströmung 25 verläuft im dargestellten Fall in Pfeilrichtung 30, d.h., die Luft wird von unten durch das Strömungsgitter 15, das mit dem Sieb 15˝ und dem Schlitzlochblech 15′ bestückt sein kann, in den Arbeitskanal 4 gedrückt und verläßt über das Strömungsgitter 14 den Arbeitskanal 4. Die Laufrichtung der Monofile 5 ist durch einen mit unterbrochenen Strichen gezeichneten Pfeil angegeben. Die Siebe 14˝, 15˝ und die Schlitzlochbleche 14′, 15′ sind in der Figur am Strömungsgitter 14, 15 nicht eingezeichnetFig. 3 shows the air duct 1 in a spatial representation with the essential internals. The outlet wall 11 is removed on the structural unit 2. On frame 3 are the outside Fixed walls and insulation mats on the inside, which are covered by air duct surfaces, preferably thin sheets. The air flow 25 runs in the illustrated case in the direction of arrow 30, that is, the air is pressed from below through the flow grille 15, which can be equipped with the sieve 15˝ and the slotted perforated plate 15 'in the working channel 4 and leaves via the flow grille 14 Working channel 4. The running direction of the monofilament 5 is indicated by an arrow drawn with broken lines. The screens 14˝, 15˝ and the slotted perforated sheets 14 ', 15' are not shown in the figure on the flow grille 14, 15

Ein Strömungskörper 31, der zweiteilig aufgebaut ist, und der mit der einen Hälfte im Oberteil 13 und mit der anderen Hälfte im Unterteil 12 befestigt ist, trennt den Innenraum der Baueinheit 2 in Luftströmungsräume 32, 32′. Im Luftströmungsraum 32 sind Strömungsleitbleche 33 derart angeordnet, daß sie am oberen und unteren Ende des Luftströmungsraums 32 zusammen mit dem Strömungskörper 31 kreisförmige Offnungen 34, 34′ bilden. Der Luftströmungsraum 32 bildet die Strömungszone 29. Von der Öffnung 34, 34′ zu den Strömungsgittern 14, 15 hin weiten sich die kreisförmigen Öffnungen 34, 34′, bevorzugt in der Form eines Kegelstumpfes, dessen Kreisfläche mit dem größeren Durchmesser in eine rechteckförmigen Fläche übergeht, die der Fläche der Strömungsgitter 14, 15 entspricht. Die Luft wird umlaufend in den Luftströmungsräumen 32, 32′ geführt, indem das Luftumwälzgerät 28 die Luft durch den Lufterhitzer 27 oder einen Luftkühler (nicht dargestellt) saugt und von unten durch die Offnung 34 hindurch in den Arbeitskanal 4 drückt. Dabei verteilt sich die Luft gleichmäßig auf der Fläche des Strömungsgitters 15.A flow body 31, which is constructed in two parts, and which is fastened with one half in the upper part 13 and with the other half in the lower part 12, separates the interior of the unit 2 into air flow spaces 32, 32 '. In the air flow space 32 flow baffles 33 are arranged such that they form circular openings 34, 34 'at the upper and lower ends of the air flow space 32 together with the flow body 31. The air flow space 32 forms the flow zone 29. From the opening 34, 34 'to the flow grids 14, 15, the circular openings 34, 34', preferably in the form of a truncated cone, the circular area of which with the larger diameter merges into a rectangular area , which corresponds to the area of the flow grids 14, 15. The air is circulated in the air flow spaces 32, 32 'by the air circulation device 28 sucks the air through the air heater 27 or an air cooler (not shown) and presses it from below through the opening 34 into the working channel 4. The air is distributed evenly over the surface of the flow grille 15.

In den Luftströmungsräumen 32, 32′ sind Temperaturfühler 35, Luftfeuchtigkeitsmeßfühler 36, Druckmeßfühler, Luftdurchsatzmeßstellen und Luftgeschwindigkeitsmeßstellen vorgesehen. Beispielhaft sind in die Fig. 3 die Temperaturfühler 35 und die Luftfeuchtigkeitsmeßfühler 36 am unteren und oberen Ende des Luftströmungsraums 32 eingezeichnet.In the air flow spaces 32, 32 ', temperature sensors 35, humidity sensors 36, pressure sensors, air flow measuring points and air speed measuring points are provided. The temperature sensors 35 and the humidity sensors 36 at the lower and upper ends of the air flow space 32 are shown as examples in FIG. 3.

Der Lufterhitzer 27 ist beidseitig sowohl von oben wie von unten von Filtermatten 38 beabstandet umhüllt. Die Filtermatten 38 halten einerseits niedermolekulare Teilchen, die sich im Umlauf in der Luftströmung 25 befinden, in den Filtermatten 38 zurück und gewährleisten, daß in den Lufterhitzer 27 keine Schmutzpartikeln eintreten können. Der Lufterhitzer 27 ist ebenso wie die Filtermatten 38 derart in die Baueinheit 2 eingebaut, daß sie jeweils einzeln schnell aus der Baueinheit 2 herausgenommen werden können, damit beispielsweise der Lufterhitzer 27 durch einen Luftkühler ersetzt werden kann.The air heater 27 is encased on both sides at a distance from the top and from below by filter mats 38. On the one hand, the filter mats 38 hold back low-molecular particles, which are circulating in the air flow 25, in the filter mats 38 and ensure that no dirt particles can enter the air heater 27. The air heater 27, like the filter mats 38, is installed in the unit 2 in such a way that it can be quickly and individually removed from the unit 2 so that, for example, the air heater 27 can be replaced by an air cooler.

Durch das Öffnen der Klappe 16 können die Strömungsgitter 14, 15 ausgetauscht werden, die in Führungsschienen in der Baueinheit 2 gehalten sind.By opening the flap 16, the flow grids 14, 15 can be exchanged, which are held in guide rails in the assembly 2.

Fig. 4 zeigt die Baueinheit 2 in einer Seitenansicht. Dabei sind der Übersicht halber Teile der Seitenwand 6 ausgeschnitten. Die Monofile 5 werden in Pfeilrichtung durch die Baueinheit 2 geführt. Die Strömungsleitbleche 33 grenzen von innen an die Eintrittswand 10 und die Austrittswand 11. Zwischen den Strömungsleitblechen 33 und dem Strömungskörper 31 erstreckt sich der Luftströmungsraum 32. Mit 39 ist die Innenisolation der Baueinheit 2 in der Figur eingezeichnet. Werden mehrere Bauteile 2 zu einem Luftkanal 1 aneinandergereiht, so kann die Innenisolation im Bereich der Eintrittswand 10 und der Austrittswand 11 entfallen. Im Unterteil 12 ist das Luftumwälzgerät 28 eingebaut. Die Klappe 16 ist noch teilweise gezeigt, die bei der Baueinheit 2 die Strömungsgitter 14, 15 seitlicht dicht abdeckt. Das Oberteil 13 ist gegenüber dem Unterteil 12 verschwenkbar und/oder verschiebbar. Beispielhaft sind in der Fig. 4 Laufrollen 22 eingezeichnet, mittels derer sich die Baueinheit 2 verschieben läßt. Gestrichelt ist in der Figur der Lufterhitzer 27 dargestellt.Fig. 4 shows the assembly 2 in a side view. For the sake of clarity, parts of the side wall 6 have been cut out. The monofilaments 5 are guided through the structural unit 2 in the direction of the arrow. The flow guide plates 33 adjoin the inlet wall 10 and the outlet wall 11 from the inside. The air flow space 32 extends between the flow guide plates 33 and the flow body 31. The internal insulation of the structural unit 2 is shown in the figure at 39. If several components 2 are strung together to form an air duct 1, the internal insulation in the area of the inlet wall 10 and the outlet wall 11 can be omitted. The air circulation device 28 is installed in the lower part 12. The flap 16 is still partially shown, which covers the flow grids 14, 15 tightly from the side in the case of the assembly 2. The upper part 13 is pivotable and / or displaceable relative to the lower part 12. 4, casters 22 are shown by way of example, by means of which the structural unit 2 can be moved. The air heater 27 is shown in dashed lines in the figure.

Fig. 5 zeigt in Draufsicht das Strömungsgitter 14 und im Ausschnitt Teile des Schlitzlochblechs 14′ und des Siebs 14˝. Die Draufsicht entspricht dem nicht dargestellten Strömungsgitter 15. Das Strömungsgitter 14 weist ganzflächig die nur teilweise dargestellten Kanäle 40 auf, die dicht aneinanderliegend angeordnet sind und beispielhaft eine kreisförmige Öffnung aufweisen. Mit dem Sieb 14˝ wird ein Staudruck im Luftströmungsraum 32 erzeugt. Der Staudruck ist so groß, daß sich die Luft gleichmäßig auf der Oberfläche des Siebs 14˝ verteilt.Fig. 5 shows a top view of the flow grille 14 and in the cutout parts of the slotted perforated plate 14 'and the sieve 14˝. The top view corresponds to the flow grid 15, not shown. The flow grid 14 has the only partially represented channels 40, which are arranged close to one another and have, for example, a circular opening. With the sieve 14˝, a dynamic pressure is generated in the air flow space 32. The dynamic pressure is so great that the air is evenly distributed on the surface of the sieve 14˝.

Fig. 5a zeigt in Draufsicht einen Teilausschnitt des Strömungsgitters 14 in vergrößertem Maßstab. Die Kanäle 40 verjüngen sich auf eine kreisförmige Fläche, deren Durchmesser kleiner ist als der Durchmesser der kreisförmigen Öffnung an der Oberfläche des Strömungsgitters 14. Die kreisförmigen Öffnungen der Oberfläche sind auf einer Seite vom Sieb 14˝ und auf der anderen Seite vom Schlitzlochblech 14′ verdeckt.FIG. 5a shows a top view of a partial section of the flow grid 14 on an enlarged scale. The channels 40 taper to a circular area, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the circular opening on the surface of the flow grille 14. The circular openings of the surface are covered on one side by the sieve 14˝ and on the other side by the perforated plate 14 ' .

Fig. 6 zeigt das Strömungsgitter 14 in Vorderansicht der Fig. 5 mit dem Schlitzlochblech 14′ und dem Sieb 14˝. Längs einer Seite erstreckt sich eine Profilleiste 41, die im eingebauten Zustand des Strömungsgitters 14 mit der Klappe 16 zusammenwirkt. Die Klappe 16 liegt mit der Innenseite auf der Profilleiste 41 auf. Die Profilleiste 41 kann aus einem Isolationsmaterial gefertigt sein und zusätzlich zur Klappe 16 weisend einen Dichtstreifen aufweisen, der bei geschlossener Klappe 16 zwischen der Profilleiste 41 und der Klappe 16 angeordnet ist und vom Anpreßdruck der Klappe 16 leicht verformt wird.Fig. 6 shows the flow grille 14 in the front view of FIG. 5 with the slotted perforated plate 14 'and the sieve 14˝. A profile strip 41 extends along one side and cooperates with the flap 16 in the installed state of the flow grille 14. The flap 16 lies with the inside on the profile strip 41 on. The profile strip 41 can be made of an insulation material and, in addition to the flap 16, have a sealing strip which is arranged between the profile strip 41 and the flap 16 when the flap 16 is closed and is slightly deformed by the contact pressure of the flap 16.

Fig. 6a zeigt die einzelnen Kanäle 40 im Teilausschnitt vergrößert und räumlich dargestellt. Ausschnitte des Schlitzlochblechs 14′ und des Siebs 14˝ begrenzen die Kanäle 40. Von den beiden Oberflächen ausgehend sind die hier beispielhaft dargestellten Kanäle 40 zwei Kegelstümpfe, die mit ihren kleineren Öffnungsdurchmessern aneinander anliegen.FIG. 6a shows the individual channels 40 enlarged in part and shown spatially. Excerpts of the slotted perforated plate 14 'and the sieve 14˝ limit the channels 40. Starting from the two surfaces, the channels 40 shown here as examples are two truncated cones which abut one another with their smaller opening diameters.

Fig. 7 zeigt nochmals in anderer Darstellung den möglichen Aufbau eines Strömungsgitters 14, 15.7 shows another possible representation of the possible structure of a flow grid 14, 15.

Fig. 8 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanals der in der Figur beispielsweise aus zwei Baueinheiten 45 zusammengesetzt ist. Bei den Baueinheiten 45 ist das Oberteil und das Unterteilt fest miteinander verbunden. Zwischen dem Ober- und Unterteil ist ein Arbeitskanal 46 ausgebildet. Der Transport der Monofile 5 im Arbeitskanal 46 erfolgt in Pfeilrichtung. Zu einer Seitenwand 47 der jeweiligen Baueinheit 45 weisend ist der Arbeitskanal 46 geöffnet. Er weist eine Öffnung 48 auf. Die Öffnung 48 ist mit einer Leiste 49 verdeckbar. Die Leiste 49 kann nach unten mittels handbetätigter oder automatischer Vorrichtungen verschoben werden. Damit ist es möglich, daß die Leiste 49 die Öffnung 48 nur teilweise oder ganz freigibt. In der Figur erstreckt sich die Leiste 49 über beide Baueinheiten 45, so daß bei dem Verschieben der Leiste 49 die Öffnung 48 beider Baueinheiten 45 gleichzeitig frei werden. Auf der Leiste 49 ist an der oberen nach außen gerichteten Kante eine Führungsschiene 50 vorgesehen. Die Führungsschiene 50 ist aus einem schlecht wärmeleitfähigen Material und im Querschnitt bevorzugt gewölbt. Längs der Führungsschiene 50 kann das Monofilbündel beim Einfädeln geführt werden. Dabei befindet sich die Leiste 49 an den Seitenwänden 47 der Baueinheiten 45 in einer Stellung, in der die Öffnungen 48 teilweise frei sind.8 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an air duct according to the invention, which in the figure is composed, for example, of two structural units 45. In the case of the structural units 45, the upper part and the lower part are firmly connected to one another. A working channel 46 is formed between the upper and lower part. The monofilaments 5 are transported in the working channel 46 in the direction of the arrow. The working channel 46 is open facing a side wall 47 of the respective structural unit 45. It has an opening 48. The opening 48 can be covered with a strip 49. The strip 49 can be moved down by means of manually operated or automatic devices. It is thus possible that the strip 49 only partially or completely clears the opening 48. In the figure, the strip 49 extends over both structural units 45, so that when the strip 49 is displaced, the opening 48 of both structural units 45 becomes free at the same time. On the bar 49 is at the top to the outside directed edge, a guide rail 50 is provided. The guide rail 50 is made of a poorly heat-conductive material and is preferably curved in cross section. The monofilament bundle can be guided along the guide rail 50 when threading. The strip 49 is located on the side walls 47 of the structural units 45 in a position in which the openings 48 are partially free.

In der Fig. 8 weisen die Seitenwände 47 noch ein nicht näher gekennzeichnetes Bedienungstableau und Überwachungsanzeigefeld 51 auf, das z.B. an der Baueinheit 45 vorgesehen ist, um Anzeigegeräte, Schalt- und Bedienungsknöpfe aufzunehmen. Die Baueinheiten 45 sind auf einem Längsträger 53 geführt und an ihm befestigt. Die Längsträger 53 sind in der Figur teilweise mit gestrichelten Linien gezeichnet, um anzudeuten, daß je nach Länge der Längsträger 53 auch weitere Baueinheiten 45 an die schon bestehenden Baueinheiten 45 ankoppelbar sind. An die Außenseite der Baueinheit 45, die den Luftkanal abschließt, ist eine Austrittswand 54 befestigbar, die als Isolationswand Wärmeabstrahlungen verhindert. Sollen weitere Baueinheiten 45 aneinandergekoppelt werden, so wird die Austrittswand 54 abgenommen, die weiteren Baueinheiten 45 werden hinzugefügt und an die letzte Baueinheit, d.h., auf die Außenseite, durch die die Monofile 5 in die Umgebung austreten, wird die Austrittswand 54 wieder aufgesteckt.In FIG. 8, the side walls 47 also have an operating panel and monitoring display field 51, which is not identified in any more detail and which, for example, is provided on the assembly 45 to accommodate display devices, switching and control buttons. The structural units 45 are guided on a longitudinal beam 53 and fastened to it. The longitudinal members 53 are partially drawn with dashed lines in the figure to indicate that, depending on the length of the longitudinal members 53, further structural units 45 can also be coupled to the existing structural units 45. An outlet wall 54, which prevents heat radiation as an insulation wall, can be fastened to the outside of the structural unit 45, which closes off the air duct. If further structural units 45 are to be coupled to one another, the outlet wall 54 is removed, the further structural units 45 are added, and the outlet wall 54 is plugged on to the last structural unit, i.e. to the outside through which the monofilaments 5 emerge into the environment.

Fig. 9 zeigt einen Auschnitt einer Leiste 49 in vergrößertem Maßstab, wie sie an den Profilleisten 41 der Strömungsgitter 14, 15 anliegt. Die Profilleisten 41 können, wie in der Figur gezeigt, auch Dichtungsstreifen 55 aufweisen die vom Anpreßdruck der Leiste 49 leicht verformt werden und damit den Arbeitskanal 46 zur Seitenwand 47 hin dicht abschließen.FIG. 9 shows a section of a bar 49 on an enlarged scale as it abuts the profile bars 41 of the flow grids 14, 15. The profile strips 41 can, as shown in the figure, also have sealing strips 55 which are easily deformed by the contact pressure of the strip 49 and thus seal the working channel 46 tightly from the side wall 47.

Claims (10)

  1. Process for orienting the fiber-like macromolecules of monofilaments (5) in a bundle via air of a certain temperature, characterized in that the monofilaments (5) are processed in any desired number of individual flow zones (29) arranged in series with one another, which extend orthogonally to the direction of travel of the monofilaments (5).
  2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that heated or cooled air is transported in the individual flow zones (29) and that the flow of air occurs orthogonally to the plane formed by the bundle of monofilaments (5).
  3. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cooled air is dehumidified before entering the flow zone (29).
  4. Air tunnel for processing monofilaments for the stretching or thermosetting process or the like, especially for performing the process according to claim 1, with an air circulation system and a working duct (4) through which the monofilaments (5) travel, which is made up of a lower part (12) and an upper part (13), which is movable while the lower part (12) is arranged in a stationary manner, characterized in that the air tunnel (1) consists of any desired number of modules (2), each of which has an upper part (13) and a lower part (12), an air heater (27) or an air cooler, and an air circulation unit (28), and which can be tightly coupled to one another at the ends of the modules (2), with the air circulation unit (28) guiding the air in a crossflow manner through the working duct (4).
  5. Air tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that the air cooler is coupled to an apparatus that dehumidifies the cooled air below its maximum H₂O load.
  6. Air tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper parts (13) of the air tunnel (1) can be pivoted and/or displaced, together or each individually, with respect to the lower part (12).
  7. Air tunnel according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the working duct (4) has a cross-sectional area that is delimited at the top and bottom by flow grids (14, 15).
  8. Air tunnel according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the modules (2) have side walls (6, 9) that consist of one- or multiple-part insulation panels and can be fastened to a frame (3) of the module (2).
  9. Air tunnel according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the modules (2) have a fresh air conduit and an exhaust air conduit, which connect one or both air flow chambers (32, 32′) with the outside.
  10. Air tunnel according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the upper part (13) and the lower part (12) are securely joined to one another and form a module (45) that has a working duct (46) that is provided along one side wall (47) with an opening (48) that can be tightly covered with a strip (49) by means of manually actuated or automatic closing means.
EP90903770A 1989-03-21 1990-03-03 Process and device for processing monofilaments Expired - Lifetime EP0464036B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3909175A DE3909175C3 (en) 1989-03-21 1989-03-21 Device for treating monofilaments
DE3909175 1989-03-21
PCT/DE1990/000158 WO1990011482A1 (en) 1989-03-21 1990-03-03 Process and device for processing monofilaments

Publications (2)

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EP0464036A1 EP0464036A1 (en) 1992-01-08
EP0464036B1 true EP0464036B1 (en) 1994-10-12

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EP90903770A Expired - Lifetime EP0464036B1 (en) 1989-03-21 1990-03-03 Process and device for processing monofilaments

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US (1) US5227175A (en)
EP (1) EP0464036B1 (en)
DE (2) DE8915647U1 (en)
WO (1) WO1990011482A1 (en)

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WO1990011482A1 (en) 1990-10-04
EP0464036A1 (en) 1992-01-08
US5227175A (en) 1993-07-13
DE3909175C3 (en) 1995-08-31
DE8915647U1 (en) 1990-12-13
DE3909175C2 (en) 1991-07-25
DE3909175A1 (en) 1990-09-27

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