EP0463063A1 - Laminated article with hinge. - Google Patents
Laminated article with hinge.Info
- Publication number
- EP0463063A1 EP0463063A1 EP90905074A EP90905074A EP0463063A1 EP 0463063 A1 EP0463063 A1 EP 0463063A1 EP 90905074 A EP90905074 A EP 90905074A EP 90905074 A EP90905074 A EP 90905074A EP 0463063 A1 EP0463063 A1 EP 0463063A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- leaves
- laminating film
- thickness
- laminated article
- laminating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019892 Stellar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D1/00—Pinless hinges; Substitutes for hinges
- E05D1/02—Pinless hinges; Substitutes for hinges made of one piece
Definitions
- This inventions relates to an improved laminated article with an improved integral flexible hinge and methods for manufacturing laminated articles.
- a flexible hinge is disclosed that attempts to solve the stress and durability problems associated with the folding of a copier cover plate.
- the design solution involves setting back one end of the edges of the cover plate at an angle to avoid shearing forces.
- Another example of a flexible hinge is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,615,035 for the lid of a pharmaceutical box.
- the unique assembly problems associated with a box lid are solved by a tongue and groove design.
- Another example of a flexible hinge is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,167,207 for a plastic container.
- the need for a firm container body yet a flexible hinge is solved by having integral hinge anchor lugs on the container adapted to engage a separate flexible hinge assembly.
- the present invention involves the joining of two or more laminated leaves of an article together.
- the problem of joining laminated leaves together inexpensively such that they might fold against each other easily and tightly has been approached in the past in two predominant ways.
- the most common solution is that employed in restaurant menu construction.
- the leaves in this case are pages, printed side by side on a single sheet of paper.
- This sheet of paper is then laminated by conventional means with relatively thin laminating film (usually a polypropylene/mylar film of approximately 0.008 centimeters or less), and subsequently folded in half to create a crude hinge apparatus.
- laminating film usually a polypropylene/mylar film of approximately 0.008 centimeters or less
- the advantage of this process is that it is easy to accomplish.
- the web of the hinge apparatus is the exact same material and thickness as the leaves, the hinge apparatus of this type exhibits a significant bending resistance.
- hinges of this type of construction have the disadvantage that the leaves are very limited in their degree of pivot and ease of pivot.
- the web of the hinge apparatus exhibits memory. Memory is defined as the tendency of the web via bending resistance to cause the leaves to retreat to a prior position after manipulation to a new position. Memory is most commonly observed when a menu is opened flat on a table top; the menu resists the 180° angle and the pages retreat toward the closed position.
- the two sheets are aligned by hand, edge to edge with a small gap, and then taped by hand with the book tape (preferably on both the front and back sides of the joint) .
- the advantage of this method is that it overcomes some of the disadvantages mentioned above. There are, however, disadvantages with this method as well.
- the tape is not invisible, there is a distinct line at its edges that partially clouds the image underneath it.
- the tape's adhesive is not as permanent as the laminated pages.
- the tape's adhesive is subject to oozing at warm temperatures. Finally, the tape's adhesive collects dirt at the edge of the tape.
- the present invention avoids these disadvantages.
- the present invention provides a laminated article of two or more leaves with an improved hinge and methods for manufacturing the same. When the leaves are to display printed matter, the present invention provides hingedly joined leaves in a suitable format for such articles as maps, menus,
- This improved hinge pivots easily. Moreover, the bending resistance of the web does not act to change the position of the leaves it connects.
- the hinge opens from 0 to 360° and yet allows rigid, substantial leaves.
- the hinge is integral and invisible in its attachment, and yet is as durable as the leaves it connects. The invention thereby solves the incompatibility problem associated with monolithic designs. Furthermore, the improved hinge neither gathers dirt nor obscures any image that might be printed on the leaves in any way. Importantly, this improved hinge is simple, inexpensive, and readily assembled in quantity.
- the present invention is an improved hingedly joined laminated article of the type wherein two or more leaves having a thickness are spaced apart so as to form one or more gaps having a width, and wherein a bottom sheet of laminating film having a thickness contacts one side of the two or more leaves, and wherein a top sheet of laminating film having a thickness contacts the other side of the two or more leaves and contacts the bottom sheet of laminating film at one or more gaps to form one or more webs having a bending resistance, the combination with the one or more webs of a means for preventing said bending resistance from acting to substantially change the position of said leaves.
- the preventing means comprises means for providing sufficient leave weight such that said leaves exert enough moment force via gravity to overcome said bending resistance of said webs.
- the present invention is an improved hingedly joined laminated article of the type wherein two or more leaves having a thickness are spaced apart so as to form one or more gaps having a width, and wherein a bottom sheet of laminating film having a thickness contacts one side of the two or more leaves, and wherein a top sheet of laminating film having a thickness contacts the other side of the two or more leaves and contacts the bottom sheet of laminating film at one or more gaps to form one or more webs having a bending resistance, the improvement comprising means for preventing the bending resistance from acting to substantially change the position of the leaves and means for aligning the leaves.
- the aligning means comprises one or more integrally connected tabs bridging the gaps between the leaves.
- the method of the present invention comprises the steps of a) loading two or more leaves into a feed tray having multiple compartments and b) laminating the two or more leaves.
- the feed tray is used for introducing leaves into a laminating machine and comprises a means for supporting a plurality of leaves and a means for aligning the leaves.
- the method of the present invention comprises the steps of a) die cutting a single leave to yield two or more leaves separated by one or more gaps bridged by one or more tabs and b) laminating the two or more leaves.
- Figure 1 is a side view of one embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 2 is a top view of a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG 3 is a perspective view of the feed tray used in the manufacturing of one embodiment of the article of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a side view of the feed tray of
- FIG. 1 shown in contact with the laminating machine.
- the present invention concerns an improved laminated article of two or more leaves with an improved hinge and methods for manufacturing laminated articles.
- the article might be anything utilizing a hinge to join one or more of its components (menu, book, container etc.).
- the leaves may be made of a number of different materials (such as paper, cardboard, wood, plastic, Masonite, aluminum, and steel) . Where it is desired that printed matter be displayed, the leaves may contain printed matter or the laminating material may have printed matter.
- the present invention contemplates an improvement over the article of the type having two or more leaves having a thickness, which are spaced apart so as to form one or more gaps having a width, wherein a bottom sheet of laminating film having a thickness contacts one side of the two or more leaves, and wherein a top sheet of laminating film having a thickness contacts the other side of the two or more leaves and contacts the bottom sheet of laminating film at one or more gaps to form one or more webs having a bending resistance.
- the present invention contemplates a means for preventing the bending resistance from acting to substantially change the position of the leaves.
- the preventing means comprises means for providing sufficient leave weight such that the leaves exert enough moment force via gravity to overcome the bending resistance of the one or more webs.
- FIG 1 shows one embodiment of a hingedly joined laminated article of the present invention. From Figure 1 it is clear that this embodiment of a hingedly joined laminated article comprises a bottom sheet of laminating film (24) (usually a polypropylene/mylar film or similar material) which is bonded in a lamination process to the underside of the three leaves (22a, 22b, 22c) and to a top sheet of laminating film (20) at the gaps (27) to form webs (28). Similarly, the top sheet of laminating film (20) is bonded in a lamination process to the top side of the three leaves (22a, 22b, 22c) and to the bottom sheet of laminating film (24) at the webs (28).
- laminating film usually a polypropylene/mylar film or similar material
- the preferred thickness of the top (20) and bottom (24) sheets of laminating film is approximately 0.008 centimeters.
- the leaves (22a, 22b, 22c) are between approximately 0.04 and 0.12 centimeters in thickness, between approximately 21 and 23 centimeters in width, and between approximately 27 and 29 centimeters in length.
- the gaps (27) between the leaves (22a, 22b and 22b, 22c) are slightly (approximately 0.08 centimeters) greater than the combined thickness of twice the thickness of one leave and four times the thickness of a sheet of laminating film.
- the invention may comprise more than three leaves joined together in this manner.
- a series of four or more leaves connected in a fanfold, two directional fold, or other folding arrangement is possible.
- the invention may comprise only two leaves joined together in this manner.
- An article according to the invention may have a wide variety of dimensions, film thicknesses, leave compositions, leave thicknesses, and gap sizes other than those shown in Example 1. Nonetheless, the invention preferably employs a relationship between these variable such that, in an open or closed horizontal position, the weight of the leaves (22a, 22b, 22c) exerts enough moment force (via gravity) to overcome the bending resistance of the webs (28) , which in turn is determined by the thickness of the film (20, 24), the size of the gap (27) (i.e., the width of the web) , and the subsequent radius of the web (28) (when in a closed position) .
- the invention will be such that the leaves of the articles will lie relatively flat in either an open or closed position.
- One method of this invention involves the use of a specially constructed feed tray for introducing leaves into a laminating machine.
- This method comprises the steps of a) loading two or more leaves into a feed tray having multiple compartments and b) laminating said two or more leaves.
- the method further comprises, prior to step b) , moving the feed tray such that the two or more leaves contact the rollers of a laminating machine.
- the laminating of step b) comprises bonding i) a bottom sheet of laminating film to one side of two or more leaves ii) a top sheet of laminating film to the other side of two or more leaves and iii) the bottom sheet of laminating film at one or more gaps to the top sheet of laminating film to form one or more webs.
- FIGs 3 and 4 show one embodiment of a feed tray (100) having a means for supporting a plurality of leaves and a means for aligning the leaves during the manufacture of one embodiment of the present invention (Example 1) .
- the supporting means comprises a flat bottom (101) having two sides (102 and 103) and four edges (104-107) .
- the aligning means comprises an end guard (108) perpendicularly attached near one edge (in this case, edge 104) of the flat bottom (101) and separation guards (109 and 110) perpendicularly attached to flat bottom (101) and positioned in substantially a perpendicular relationship to end guard (108) to define compart- ments (111-113) .
- the compartments (111-113) are separated from each other by approximately the width of the desired gaps (27) ( Figure 1) .
- the feed tray (100) has two side guards (114 and 115) perpendicularly attached to the flat bottom (101) near opposite edges (105 and
- feed tray (100) may have fewer side guards and even no side guards.
- leaves (22a, 22b, 22c) are shown in position for laminating.
- the design of the feed tray will vary depending on the number of leaves to be laminated. Where it is desired to manufacture a three leave article, the feed tray has three compartments, the width substan ⁇ tially equal to the width of the individual leaves and the length less than the length of the individual leaves (preferably two thirds of the length) .
- a loading tray (not shown) is secured to a loading table (not shown) , such that the loading tray is approximately 2.5 to 4.0 centimeters higher than the main surface of the table.
- In front of the loading tray is a space large enough to accommodate the feed tray and a guide which is aligned with one side of the loading tray.
- the loading tray is stocked with approximately 100 leaves.
- the feed tray (100) is then placed in front of the loading tray, aligned with the guide, and loaded by an operator who manually "drags” each leave from the loading tray into the compartments (111-113) of the feed tray (100) with the help of a rubber fingertip.
- the operator then moves the feed tray to the laminating machine (not shown) , aligns the edges (105-107) of the flat bottom (101) of the feed tray (100) with the machine's edge guide (not shown) , and pushes the feed tray (100) toward the lamination rollers (200) until the leaves (22a, 22b, 22c) simultaneously engage them ( Figure 4) .
- Addi ⁇ tional speed can be obtained through the use of another feed tray and operator, whereby one man loads the feed tray and the other feeds the laminating machine.
- FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the article of the present invention.
- This embodiment is an improved hingedly joined laminated article of the type wherein two or more leaves having a thickness are spaced apart so as to form one or more gaps having a width, wherein a bottom sheet of laminating film having a thickness contacts one side of two or more leaves, and wherein a top sheet of laminating film having a thickness contacts the other side of two or more leaves and contacts the bottom sheet of laminating film at one or more gaps to form one or more webs having a bending resistance;
- the improve ⁇ ment comprises means for preventing said bending resistance from acting to substantially change the position of the leaves and means for aligning the leaves during manufacture.
- the aligning means comprises one or more integrally connected tabs bridging said gaps between said leaves.
- Figure 2 shows relatively thin (between approximately 0.08 and 0.16 centimeters) tabs (30a, 30b) bridging the gap between three leaves (26a, 26b, 26c) .
- the tabs (30a, 30b) could be more numerous, of various dimensions and positioned in many different ways other than that shown in Figure 2. It should be noted that the bigger the tabs, the better durability in manufacture. On the other hand, bigger tabs typically have higher bending resistance.
- the tab arrangement in this embodiment is accomplished by a method of manufacture comprising the steps of a) die cutting a single leave to yield two or more leaves separated by one or more gaps bridged by one or more tabs and b) laminating the two or more leaves.
- the laminating comprises bonding i) a bottom sheet of laminating film to one side of the two or more leaves ii) a top sheet of laminating film to the other side of the two or more leaves and iii) the bottom sheet of laminating film at one or more gaps to the top sheet to form one or more webs having a given bending resistance.
- the weight of said leaves exert enough moment force via gravity to overcome the bending resistance of said webs, when the article is in a substantially horizontal position.
- the number of leaves in the laminated article is not limited by the width of the laminating machine as in the first method, because the gaps in the die cut sheet may be posi ⁇ tioned perpendicular to the axial direction of the machine, allowing an almost infinite string of leaves per article. Rate of production is enhanced while waste is held to a minimum.
- This embodiment greatly facilitates mass production of the article by regis ⁇ tering the leaves during the lamination process, while having little negative effect on the bending characteristics of the webs (28) .
- This embodiment of the article may also comprise a series of three or more leaves connected in a fanfold, two directional fold, or other folding arrangement. Of course, the article may also comprise only two leaves.
- Step l Cartography is selected and configured, along with border and logos, to conform to an 11" by 17" layout.
- Step 2. This artwork is expanded in the 17" dimension such that at the hinges the artwork repeats itself for a short distance either side of the center line of the hinge.
- Step 3. Screens are shot of the artwork.
- Step 4. The artwork is printed (using a sheet press) four up (i.e. four repeating patterns) and registered on both sides of 23" by 35" heavy point paper sheets (16 point C2S Stellar - Gloss Cover Stock) .
- Printed sheets must be allowed to dry completely to avoid "offset marring" during ream cutting.
- Step 5 The long grain of the paper should be aligned perpendicular to the slots to be die cut.
- Sheets are ream cut into smaller sheets 11" by 17 11/64". This is necessary to preserve the integrity of the tabs; if one attempts to ream cut after the die cutting, the ream cutting damages and even rips the tabs.
- Step 6 Smaller sheets are die cut according to Figure 2 such that a slot is cut at each hinge leaving a small connecting tab at the top and bottom of each hinge. Die cutting is accomplished on an old Heidelburg Press using a steel rule die plugged with silicon to help eject the strip. Hand stripping completes the die cutting process.
- Step 7 Die cut sheets are fed into a laminating machine, such as a Ledco (Hemock, New York) Industrial 25 laminating machine, loaded with 18" Rexham Laminex (Charlotte, North Carolina) Permalam 3 mil laminating film, set at approximately 265°F and a relatively light pressure) , either by hand or with the aid of an automatic sheet feeder, such that the gaps are aligned with the axial direction of the machine. (The gaps could be aligned perpendicular to the axial direction of the machine, but bonding at the webs is then inferior.) Step 8. During lamination the side edges are trimmed.
- a laminating machine such as a Ledco (Hemock, New York) Industrial 25 laminating machine, loaded with 18" Rexham Laminex (Charlotte, North Carolina) Permalam 3 mil laminating film, set at approximately 265°F and a relatively light pressure) , either by hand or with the aid of an automatic sheet feeder, such that the gaps are aligned with the axial
- Step 9 After passing through the laminating machine, the laminated die cut sheets proceed through an automatic cut off machine which trims the top and bottom edges and drops the completed product into a receiving container.
- Step 10 (Optional)
- the final product normally will have sealed edges (i.e. the laminating film extends beyond the leaves) .
- the side edges can be cut flush with the end of the leaves during lamination. Of course, the side edges can be cut even deeper such that even the tabs are cut away, to yield finished article without tabs.
- This improved hinge pivots easily and does not act to change the position of the leaves it con ⁇ nects.
- the hinge opens from 0 to 360° and yet allows rigid, substantial leaves.
- the improved hinge neither gathers dirt nor obscures any image that might be printed on the leaves or on the laminated film.
- the invention solves the incompatibility problem associated with monolithic designs.
- the hinge is 1) flexible, 2) integral and 3) invisible in its attachment.
- the article is made sturdy by the sturdy leave material under the flexible, laminated material. Because the invention allows for laminating in one piece, articles made according to the present inven ⁇ tion are readily and inexpensively assembled in quantity.
- the hinge arrangement could be used in the construction of articles other than those described above.
- a container could be built using this hinge arrangement whereby an article is laminated, and subsequently folded such that one leave becomes a lid and another leave becomes a tray part.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Hinges (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US32555689A | 1989-03-17 | 1989-03-17 | |
US325556 | 1989-03-17 | ||
PCT/US1990/001288 WO1990011426A1 (en) | 1989-03-17 | 1990-03-13 | Laminated article with hinge |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0463063A1 true EP0463063A1 (en) | 1992-01-02 |
EP0463063A4 EP0463063A4 (en) | 1992-09-30 |
EP0463063B1 EP0463063B1 (en) | 1996-10-09 |
Family
ID=23268376
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90905074A Expired - Lifetime EP0463063B1 (en) | 1989-03-17 | 1990-03-13 | Laminated article with hinge |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0463063B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE144021T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5278790A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2049001C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69028848T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0463063T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2094754T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1990011426A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0523977A1 (en) * | 1991-07-17 | 1993-01-20 | Leta-Fold Limited | A device for folding a sheet of paper for insertion into an envelope |
DE102006030958B4 (en) * | 2006-07-03 | 2010-11-04 | Werner Achilles Gmbh & Co. Kg | Foldable product and method for producing a plastic film finished product |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2390125A (en) * | 1944-09-13 | 1945-12-04 | Nat Blank Book Co | Binder case construction for books |
US2936680A (en) * | 1958-03-28 | 1960-05-17 | Edward H Copen | Card carriers and method of making same |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2486330A (en) * | 1946-11-15 | 1949-10-25 | Nat Blank Book Co | Binder case construction for books |
US2505743A (en) * | 1947-05-14 | 1950-04-25 | F L Russell Corp | Bookbinder |
US3206225A (en) * | 1961-02-02 | 1965-09-14 | Delbert A Oleson | Self-hinging laminated plastic folders |
-
1990
- 1990-03-13 DE DE69028848T patent/DE69028848T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-03-13 DK DK90905074.2T patent/DK0463063T3/en active
- 1990-03-13 AT AT90905074T patent/ATE144021T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-03-13 ES ES90905074T patent/ES2094754T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-03-13 EP EP90905074A patent/EP0463063B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-03-13 AU AU52787/90A patent/AU5278790A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-03-13 WO PCT/US1990/001288 patent/WO1990011426A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-03-13 CA CA002049001A patent/CA2049001C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2390125A (en) * | 1944-09-13 | 1945-12-04 | Nat Blank Book Co | Binder case construction for books |
US2936680A (en) * | 1958-03-28 | 1960-05-17 | Edward H Copen | Card carriers and method of making same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO9011426A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1990011426A1 (en) | 1990-10-04 |
ATE144021T1 (en) | 1996-10-15 |
CA2049001C (en) | 2000-02-01 |
DE69028848T2 (en) | 1997-04-30 |
AU5278790A (en) | 1990-10-22 |
DK0463063T3 (en) | 1997-03-03 |
ES2094754T3 (en) | 1997-02-01 |
CA2049001A1 (en) | 1990-09-18 |
EP0463063B1 (en) | 1996-10-09 |
DE69028848D1 (en) | 1996-11-14 |
EP0463063A4 (en) | 1992-09-30 |
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