EP0454196A2 - Machine à tricoter circulaire pour la fabrication de bas, de chaussettes et similaires - Google Patents

Machine à tricoter circulaire pour la fabrication de bas, de chaussettes et similaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0454196A2
EP0454196A2 EP91200643A EP91200643A EP0454196A2 EP 0454196 A2 EP0454196 A2 EP 0454196A2 EP 91200643 A EP91200643 A EP 91200643A EP 91200643 A EP91200643 A EP 91200643A EP 0454196 A2 EP0454196 A2 EP 0454196A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
needles
cylinder
cams
track
cam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91200643A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0454196A3 (en
Inventor
Angelo Ghia
Giovanni Vignoni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IRMAC SpA
Original Assignee
IRMAC SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IRMAC SpA filed Critical IRMAC SpA
Publication of EP0454196A2 publication Critical patent/EP0454196A2/fr
Publication of EP0454196A3 publication Critical patent/EP0454196A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/20—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles with provision for narrowing or widening; with reciprocatory action, e.g. for knitting of flat portions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof
    • D04B9/56—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof heel or toe portions

Definitions

  • circular knitting machine indicates herein any type of circular knitting machine, whether of single or multi-cylinder, or of one or more feeds (yarn feed and loop formation point), able to manufacture ladies' stockings, men's socks or the like. For simplicity, reference will be made exclusively to single cylinder machines hereinafter.
  • a single cylinder circular knitting machine comprises substantially a fixed frame within which the so-called needle cylinder is suitably supported rotatable about its axis and comprises axial peripheral tricks in which latch needles, possibly jacks, and selector elements are inserted. Rigid with the upper part of the needle cylinder there is the sinker ring, the radial grooves of which carry the sinkers which cooperate with the needles in forming the knitted fabric.
  • the needle cylinder is surrounded by a skirt comprising the so-called cambox, formed from a series of cams which induce the upward and downward movements of the needles and possible jacks within the respective peripheral tricks of the needle cylinder.
  • the machine also comprises a certain number of yarn guides at each feed, ie yarn feed and loop formation point, and is provided with suitable mechanisms for causing the needle cylinder to rotate either continuously in one direction or to reciprocate in opposite directions during certain stages of the formation of the stocking or sock, and for controlling certain mobile cams of the cambox, the yarn guides and all those machine parts which do not occupy a fixed position during operation.
  • selector elements are associated with the needles and so-called actuators in the form of electromagnetic devices are provided which, when activated by electrical pulses originating from a central electronic programming unit, are able to act selectively on the selector elements to cause the respective needles and/or the possible jacks to interfere or not interfere via their butts with the cams of the cambox.
  • the present invention which relates to a circular knitting machine of the aforedescribed type as totally known in the art, refers in particular to that device or group of machine elements and members which operates during the construction of the heel and toe of the stocking or sock.
  • the cambox comprises appropriate cams which can be controlled so that they act on only one half of the needles in order to inactivate this half of the needles during the last cylinder revolution under continuous rotary motion.
  • these cams can be such as to act only on the long-butt needles and not on the short-butt needles, to raise all the long-butt needles to a level such that they can no longer interfere with the stitch formation cams and thus be inactivated, with the last formed loops being retained on their shafts.
  • the continuous rotary motion of the cylinder is normally anticlockwise about its axis.
  • a stage known as the "narrowing stage” followed by a stage known as the "narrowing and widening stage” occur.
  • left needles indicates those needles which have remained activated, ie in the case considered those short-butt needles lying within the cylinder peripheral region extending 90° leftwards (or clockwise) from the centre line of said short-butt needles, whereas “right needles” are those short-butt needles which lie within the opposite region extending 90° from said centre line.
  • the narrowing stage proceeds until only about one third of the short-butt needles, ie those within the region extending between 30° to the left and 30° to the right of the centre line of the short-butt needles, remain in operation.
  • the needle cylinder then returns to continuous rotation and the long-butt needles are returned to operation.
  • pickers associated with the cambox cans are used. These comprise two lateral narrowing pickers, one left and one right, associated with the left and right knocking-over cams respectively, plus a central widening picker. These pickers are very delicate moving members, subject to wear and frequent malfunction, and in addition to not allowing high operating speed during heel and toe construction they cause frequent needle breakage.
  • the technical problem which it is the object of the present invention to solve is therefore, in general terms, to enable, in a circular knitting machine for the manufacture of stockings, socks and the like, the heel and toe of the stocking or sock to be formed in an exactly equal manner as in the traditional art, but by using instead of the lateral and central pickers other machine members such as suitable cams in combination with the selection system, these not being subject to the disturbances and problems suffered by the pickers.
  • This problem is solved according to the invention in that with that feed of the machine in which the narrowing and widening are effected during the heel and toe formation there are associated two selection actuators positioned before and after the feed with respect to the cylinder rotation direction and arranged to cause individual needles to rise, selectively and with the aid of cams, to a high inactivation track during the rotation of the needle cylinder when under reciprocating rotary motion, there being provided in a region substantially opposite said feed a lowering cam which is arranged to act, during both the cylinder anticlockwise and clockwise rotary motion, on the inactivated needles in the high track to cause them to descend to a high working track.
  • Said lowering cam can be positioned within a region between 150° and 210° from the machine feed, although normally it is positioned about 180° from it.
  • This lowering cam is used primarily during the narrowing and widening stage, ie during the stage in which those needles which during the previous narrowing stage had been inactivated have now to be returned to operation, however the lowering cam can also be in its working state during the narrowing stage.
  • the cam In the first case, ie in which the lowering cam is to be used only during the narrowing and widening stage, the cam must be controllable so that it can be moved from an inactive position to an active position and vice versa, whereas in the second case it can be fixed in the active position.
  • the lowering cam provided according to the invention in practice replaces the central or widening picker of traditional machines, in the sense that as the selection system is unable to lower the needles situated out of operation in the high position, said lowering cam is able at each alternate cylinder revolution to cause those inactivated needles in the high position to descend into the high operating track, the selection system then returning the desired number of needles into the high inactivation position, as required.
  • the heel and toe of the stocking or sock can be formed either with that half of the needles with long butts, leaving all the short-butt needles inactivated in the low position, or with that half of the needles with short butts.
  • other movable raising cams are associated with said lowering cam to the left and right of it, to move the long-butt needles into the high inactivation position during the formation of the heel and toe of the stocking or sock.
  • the needle selection system is used in the formation of the heel and toe of the stocking or sock, this system comprising associating a selector element with each needle and using electromagnetic actuators cooperating with these selector elements. Such selection systems are known.
  • each selector element can consist of a single part which on one side cooperates with the actuator and on the other side acts directly on the respective needle.
  • the selector element can also consist of more than one part, in which one part cooperates with the actuator and another part acts on the respective needle either directly or via an interposed jack.
  • single-part or multi-part selector elements with or without an interposed jack are used. In the embodiments described hereinafter reference is made to two possible selector element constructions.
  • the electromagnetic actuators are also known and can be of various constructions. They will therefore only be described and illustrated in a general manner.
  • the single-cylinder circular knitting machine comprises, in the considered embodiment, a needle cylinder indicated schematically by 10, mounted rotatable about its axis 11 within a frame, not shown, and arranged to be rotated either with continuous motion in the direction (anticlockwise or outward ) indicated by the arrow 12, or with reciprocating motion in the sense of one revolution in the direction of the arrow 12 and the next revolution in the direction (clockwise or return) indicated by the arrow 13 and so on, about its axis 11.
  • a needle cylinder indicated schematically by 10 mounted rotatable about its axis 11 within a frame, not shown, and arranged to be rotated either with continuous motion in the direction (anticlockwise or outward ) indicated by the arrow 12, or with reciprocating motion in the sense of one revolution in the direction of the arrow 12 and the next revolution in the direction (clockwise or return) indicated by the arrow 13 and so on, about its axis 11.
  • each needle 15 being provided with a long or short butt 15a, and each jack 16 with a butt 16a.
  • each selector element consists of a spring part 17 with a butt 17a designed to act on the respective jack 16, and a part 18 pivoted at 18b and retained by a spring 18c, the part 18 being provided with a plurality of teeth 18a for cooperation with electromagnetic actuators, described hereinafter.
  • the machine is provided with only one yarn feed and loop formation point (feed), the relative yarn guides 19 being indicated schematically in Figure 2.
  • feeds may be provided, in known manner, but that shown is a feed assigned to the formation of the heel and toe of a stocking or sock.
  • the cambox skirt shown in development in Figure 2, is rigid with the machine frame and comprises in known manner for the feed in question an upper central cam 20, a left knocking-over cam 21 and a right knocking-over cam 22.
  • To the left and right of the upper central cam 20 there are disposed respectively a left raising cam 23 and a right raising cam 24, there being provided on a ring 25 a left raising cam 27 and a right raising cam 26 which can be partially inserted such that when inserted they act only on the long-butt needles, and allow the short-butt needles to pass along the ring 25. All the cams described up to this point are designed to act on the butts 15a of the needles 15.
  • the cambox comprises a further lowering cam 28, comprising a left flank 28a and a right flank 28b, and arranged to cause those needles which have been brought to a track 100 above the level of the upper central cam 20 to descend to a high working track 101 which interferes with the cams 21 and 22.
  • the cam 28 also therefore acts on the butts 15a of the needles 15.
  • the cambox comprises a left raising cam 29 and a right raising cam 31.
  • a left raising cam 34 and a right raising cam 35 are provided to act on the butts 17a of the parts 17 of the selector elements. These cams can act on the parts 17 of the elements only if their butt 17a projects from the cylinder 10, ie if said parts 17 are not pressed elastically into the relative tricks of the cylinder which holds them.
  • two electromagnetic actuators namely a left actuator 32 and a right actuator 33, are associated with the feed.
  • Each actuator is provided in known manner with a certain number of levers, such as the lever 32a, equal to the number of teeth 18a provided in the parts 18 of the selector elements, each lever 32a being moved by a respective electromagnet, when energized, into a radial activated position from an inclined deactivated position assumed by the lever 32a when its electromagnet is not energized. If during the rotation of the cylinder a selector element passes in which the part 18 is provided with a tooth 18a at the level of the lever 32a, this latter swivels said part 18 about the pivot 18b in the sense of urging it the relative part 17 into the cylinder trick (see Figure 3) to thus move its butt 17a out of the range of action of the raising cam 34 or 35.
  • Figure 2 shows by means of other vertical lines at 90°, 180° and 270° the four sectors into which the cambox skirt is divided.
  • cambox can comprise further cams, not shown, which however do not require mention in the description of operation of the machine during the formation of the heel or toe of the stocking or sock.
  • the heel or toe of a stocking or sock is formed in the following manner.
  • the cams 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24 are moved into their working position, if not already in this position.
  • the cams 26 and 27 are partially inserted so as to act only on the long-butt needles, the short--butt needles being discarded by leaving them in a low non-working track.
  • the cams 29 and 31 are also inserted to act on the jacks 16, and the cams 34 and 35 are inserted to act on the selector elements selected by the actuators as already described.
  • the actuators 32, 33 are activated, ie the electromagnets of all their levers 32a are energized by signals originating from the central electronic unit.
  • the narrowing stage can commence, with reciprocating rotary motion of the cylinder 10.
  • This reciprocating motion begins with a first revolution of the cylinder 10 in the clockwise or return direction (in accordance with the arrow 13).
  • the cam 27 allows the short-butt needles to pass without raising them, but raises all the long-butt needles onto the cam 21 which causes them to rise into their loop forming state towards the upper central cam 20, from which the needles are lowered to reach the right knocking-over cam 22. Subsequently, those long-butt needles which have operated are raised by the cam 26 onto a low working track 102.
  • a first narrowing of the active long-butt needles is effected by inactivating the first left needle.
  • the lever 32a of the actuator 32 corresponding to the tooth 18a of the part 18 of the selector element relative to this needle is deactivated, so that its part 17 is raised by the cam 34 to move the respective jack 16 into interference with the cam 29 (see dashed line in Figure 2).
  • This then raises the selector 16 and the respective needle 15 into interference with the cam 23.
  • This cam then moves the first left long-butt needle to a level such that the needle is able to rise above the central cam 20 to the track 100 and hence out of operation.
  • said left needle inactivated by the actuator 32 encounters the left flank 28a of the lowering cam 28, which returns the needle in question onto the high working track 101.
  • the third reciprocating revolution of the cylinder now takes place, this being a new clockwise return revolution (in the direction of the arrow 13).
  • a third long-butt needle has to be inactivated, namely the second left needle.
  • the first left needle had remained inactivated in the high track 100, whereas the first right needle had been transferred to the high working track 101. Consequently, during this third revolution the second left needle has to be inactivated and the first right needle again inactivated, using for this purpose respective deactivated levers 32a of the actuator 32 in the already described manner.
  • deactivated levers 32a of the actuator 32 inactivate the third left needle and again inactivate the two first right needles which had remained in the high working track 101 at the end of the fourth revolution.
  • deactivated levers 32a of the actuator 32 inactivate the third left needle and again inactivate the two first right needles which had remained in the high working track 101 at the end of the fourth revolution.
  • five long-butt needles do not operate during the fifth revolution, at the end of which the first three left needles are in the high working track 101 and the first two right needles are inactivated in the track 100 above the central cam 20.
  • the long-butt needle narrowing stage proceeds in the described manner during subsequent reciprocating revolutions of the cylinder until only about one third of the long-butt needles remain in operation, namely those within the central part, around the centre line 38, of the 180° peripheral region, indicated by 37 in Figure 1, of the cylinder 10.
  • the narrowing stage terminates with a clockwise or return revolution of the cylinder 10, with those left needles which have not operated during this revolution being returned by the cam 28 to the high working track 101, and those right needles which have not operated during that revolution remaining inactivated in the high track 100.
  • the narrowing and widening stage then commences with an anticlockwise or outward revolution of the cylinder.
  • the actuator 33 operates with its levers, and as during the last return revolution of the narrowing stage, as stated, the number of right needles which did not operate was one less than the number of left needles which did not operate, this missing right needle is inactivated by deactivating the relative lever of the actuator 33.
  • this outward revolution again using relative deactivated levers of the actuator 33, those left needles which at the end of the preceding return revolution had been returned to the high working track 101 have also to be inactivated.
  • the total number of long-butt needles to operate is to be increased by one, the total number of left needles to be inactivated must be two less than the number of left needles which at the end of the preceding return revolution had been transferred to the high working track 101.
  • two left needles more and one needle less will have operated than in the last return revolution of the narrowing stage, and the situation will be such that all the left needles which have not operated will be inactivated in the high track 100, whereas all the right needles which have not operated will be returned by the cam 28 to the high working track 101.
  • the actuator 32 operates, and by corresponding deactivated levers 32a inactivates one left needle more than the number of left needles which did not operate during the preceding revolution, whereas of those right needles which had been returned to the high working track 101, all except two are again inactivated.
  • two more long-butt needles operate during this second revolution of the stage under consideration, namely one left needle and one right needle.
  • the lowering cam 28 provided for this purpose according to the invention as a replacement for the central picker is essential only during the narrowing and widening stage, whereas it is not essential during the preceding narrowing-only stage. Consequently according to a modification this lowering cam 28 located substantially opposite the yarn feed and loop formation point (feed) could be made inactive during the initial narrowing-only stage in the formation of the heel and toe of the stocking or sock, and be activated only during the second narrowing and widening stage.
  • the selector elements of the selection system each consist of two parts, with a jack inserted between one of these parts and the relative needle.
  • selector elements each consisting of only one part can be used.
  • Such an embodiment is shown in Figure 4, in which the selector element is indicated by 117.
  • This selector element 117 is provided with a butt 117a corresponding to the butt 17a of the part 17 of the selector element of Figure 3, and is also provided with a tooth 117b corresponding to the tooth 18a of the part 18 of the initially considered selector element.
  • the selector element 117 also comprises a butt 117c, corresponding to the butt 16a of the jack 16, which in this embodiment is not provided as the selector element 117 acts directly on the relative needle 15.
  • the selector elements can each consist of two parts, one for cooperating with the actuators 32 33, and the other for acting in this case directly on the respective needle without the interposition of a jack.
  • This latter part of the selector element must be provided with a butt, such as the butt 117a of Figure 4, to cooperate with the cams 34 and 35, and with a butt, such as the butt 117c of Figure 4, to cooperate with the cams 29, 31, and the first part must be provided with a tooth such as the tooth 117b of Figure 4, to cooperate with the levers of the actuators 32, 33.
  • the raising cam 42 is made to partially enter into a position in which it acts only on the long butts, allowing the short butts to grazingly pass them. Consequently only the long-butt needles are moved upwards out of operation into the track 100 above the central cam 20 by the cam 42.
  • the two raising cams 40 and 41 are moved into their inactive positions, whereas the lowering cam 43 is entered to move into normal operation all the long-butt needles which were inactivated during the formation of the heel or toe of the stocking or sock.
  • the cam 43 is then also returned to its inactive position and normal continuous rotary movement of the cylinder recommences, with all its needles operating.
  • the lowering cam 28 could be used for this purpose.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
EP19910200643 1990-03-30 1991-03-22 Circular knitting machine for manufacturing stockings, socks and the like Withdrawn EP0454196A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT19897A IT1239515B (it) 1990-03-30 1990-03-30 Macchina circolare per maglieria per la fabbricazione di calze, calzini e simili
IT1989790 1990-03-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0454196A2 true EP0454196A2 (fr) 1991-10-30
EP0454196A3 EP0454196A3 (en) 1992-03-04

Family

ID=11162154

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910200643 Withdrawn EP0454196A3 (en) 1990-03-30 1991-03-22 Circular knitting machine for manufacturing stockings, socks and the like

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0454196A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0693541A (fr)
KR (1) KR920010354B1 (fr)
CS (1) CS87391A2 (fr)
IT (1) IT1239515B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2321649A (en) * 1997-01-29 1998-08-05 Sangiacomo Spa Reciprocatory knitting on circular knitting machine
WO2015055803A1 (fr) * 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Golden Lady Company S.P.A. Procédé et machine pour produire un article tricoté ayant un corps et des parties de jambe, et article ainsi obtenu

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3564871A (en) * 1968-04-04 1971-02-23 Roy D Faigenbaum Knit tubular fabric,method and apparatus for making the same
US4554801A (en) * 1982-08-13 1985-11-26 Glenoit Mills, Inc. Pile fabric method and apparatus
DE3522042A1 (de) * 1984-08-06 1986-02-13 Cesare Colosio S.r.l., Rezzato, Brescia Rundwirk- bzw. -strickmaschine
DE3620055A1 (de) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-08 Elitex Zavody Textilniho Vorrichtung zur nadelauswahl

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3564871A (en) * 1968-04-04 1971-02-23 Roy D Faigenbaum Knit tubular fabric,method and apparatus for making the same
US4554801A (en) * 1982-08-13 1985-11-26 Glenoit Mills, Inc. Pile fabric method and apparatus
DE3522042A1 (de) * 1984-08-06 1986-02-13 Cesare Colosio S.r.l., Rezzato, Brescia Rundwirk- bzw. -strickmaschine
DE3620055A1 (de) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-08 Elitex Zavody Textilniho Vorrichtung zur nadelauswahl

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2321649A (en) * 1997-01-29 1998-08-05 Sangiacomo Spa Reciprocatory knitting on circular knitting machine
GB2321649B (en) * 1997-01-29 2000-08-30 Sangiacomo Spa Improvement in single- or multiple-feed circular stocking knitting machines
WO2015055803A1 (fr) * 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Golden Lady Company S.P.A. Procédé et machine pour produire un article tricoté ayant un corps et des parties de jambe, et article ainsi obtenu
CN105793480A (zh) * 2013-10-17 2016-07-20 金莱迪公司 用于制造具有本体和腿部部件的针织产品的方法和机器以及由此获得的产品
CN105793480B (zh) * 2013-10-17 2018-02-09 金莱迪公司 用于制造具有本体和腿部部件的针织产品的方法和机器以及由此获得的产品
US10221509B2 (en) 2013-10-17 2019-03-05 Golden Lady Company S.P.A. Method and machine for producing a knitted article with body and leg pieces, and article thus obtained

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CS87391A2 (en) 1991-11-12
EP0454196A3 (en) 1992-03-04
KR920010354B1 (ko) 1992-11-27
IT1239515B (it) 1993-11-03
IT9019897A1 (it) 1991-09-30
JPH0693541A (ja) 1994-04-05
IT9019897A0 (it) 1990-03-30
KR910016999A (ko) 1991-11-05

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