EP0453850B1 - Device for applying and withdrawing a blanket cylinder in the printing unit of a sheet-fed offset printing machine - Google Patents

Device for applying and withdrawing a blanket cylinder in the printing unit of a sheet-fed offset printing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0453850B1
EP0453850B1 EP91105527A EP91105527A EP0453850B1 EP 0453850 B1 EP0453850 B1 EP 0453850B1 EP 91105527 A EP91105527 A EP 91105527A EP 91105527 A EP91105527 A EP 91105527A EP 0453850 B1 EP0453850 B1 EP 0453850B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
cylinders
throw
printing
working
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP91105527A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0453850A1 (en
Inventor
Dietrich Dettinger
Roland Höll
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Manroland AG
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MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG
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Priority to AT91105527T priority Critical patent/ATE101081T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/24—Cylinder-tripping devices; Cylinder-impression adjustments
    • B41F13/34—Cylinder lifting or adjusting devices
    • B41F13/40—Cylinder lifting or adjusting devices fluid-pressure operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for printing on and off the blanket cylinder according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • US Pat. No. 3,067,674 describes a device for starting and stopping pressure with an actuator which can be actuated by pressure medium acting on a toggle lever mechanism and this in turn pivots the eccentric bushes of the rubber cylinder.
  • the disadvantage here is that a three-point working cylinder is necessary for a two-stage printing on and off, which corresponds to a series connection of two double-acting working cylinders and which must be designed to be very expensive in terms of force in today's high-speed printing presses in order to operate the rubber cylinder at high printing speeds in the event of malfunctions to be separated from the impression cylinder quickly enough.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to improve a device for printing on and off of the aforementioned type in such a way that two-stage printing on and off is made possible with simple constructional means and furthermore a quick and safe printing off is ensured especially in the case of high-speed printing machines.
  • FIG. 1 shows a printing unit of an offset printing machine with a plate cylinder 1, a rubber cylinder 2 and a printing cylinder 3.
  • the cylinders are mounted on both sides with their pins in the frame walls of the offset printing machine.
  • the rubber cylinder 2 is mounted on both sides in eccentric bushes 4 for switching the pressure on and off. By pivoting the eccentric bushes 4, the rubber cylinder 2 can be released from the pressure cylinder 3 and from the plate cylinder 1.
  • the print setting process proceeds from the print shutdown as follows: If the channels of plate cylinder 1 and blanket cylinder 2 correspond to each other, i.e. the two cylinders face each other with their channels, by turning the eccentric bushes 4 by a certain angle, blanket cylinder 2 is turned on the plate cylinder 1 and continues to run until blanket cylinder 2 is optimal Has coloration and the first sheet to be printed has reached the printing cylinder 3. If the channels of the blanket cylinder 2 and the pressure cylinder 3 correspond, the pressure adjustment is carried out by turning the eccentric bushes 4 accordingly; thus the first sheet located on the printing cylinder 3 is printed.
  • Fig. 1 shows the three angular positions A, B, C of the eccentric bushing 4 and an eye 5 fastened to the eccentric bushing 4.
  • the plate and rubber cylinders 1, 2 as well as rubber and pressure cylinders 2, 3 are in contact with each other .
  • plate and blanket cylinders 1, 2 remain in contact with each other, but blanket and impression cylinders 2, 3 are separate.
  • Angular position C corresponds to the print stop - the rubber cylinder 2 has no contact with the other printing unit cylinders and has the largest gap to the printing cylinder 3.
  • the channels of the rubber and impression cylinders 2, 3 eccentric bushing 4 are rotated from position A to position B in order to print on the impression cylinder 3 to prevent if the sheet is missing. If the pressure is to be switched off completely (longer interruption), the eccentric bushing 4 is rotated in position C to avoid over-coloring of the rubber cylinder 2 when the channels of the plate and rubber cylinder 1, 2 correspond.
  • eccentric bushing 4 For the rotatability of the eccentric bushes 4, an eye 5 is attached to the latter, to which a tab 7 engages via hinge bolts 6 and which is connected via hinge bolts 8 to a release lever 9 of the release shaft 10.
  • Moving shaft 10 extends across the width of the machine and is supported in both frame walls.
  • the four-bar linkage formed from eccentric bushing 4 with eye 5, release lever 9 and bracket 7 is located on both sides of the machine.
  • the eccentric bushes 4 on both journals of rubber cylinder 2 can thus be rotated into positions A, B, C by correspondingly turning the pull-off shaft 10, and accordingly the axis of the rubber cylinder 2 can be moved parallel to the axes of the other cylinders.
  • this has a second lever 11 on a machine side, to which a toggle lever mechanism, which is formed from the brackets 13, 14 and hinge bolts 15, engages via hinge pins 12 and has its abutment in the hinge pin 16 and in an arm of the pressure assist lever 17 sits.
  • a toggle lever mechanism which is formed from the brackets 13, 14 and hinge bolts 15, engages via hinge pins 12 and has its abutment in the hinge pin 16 and in an arm of the pressure assist lever 17 sits.
  • Druckbeistellhebel 17 is rotatably mounted about a pin 18 fixed to the frame.
  • the toggle lever mechanism formed from the tabs 13, 14, is actuated by means of two parallel-arranged, double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C (FIG. 2). These working cylinders 21.B, 21.C are supported with their base fixed to the frame via swivel eyes 22.
  • the piston rods 23.B, 23.C of the double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C are connected to a coupling 26 by means of pivot pins 24, 25.
  • Tab 13 has a third hinge pin 21 with which it is articulated on coupling 26.
  • the stroke paths of the similar double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C are dimensioned such that the piston rods 23.B, 23.C in the extended state press the toggle lever mechanism of the brackets 13, 14 into the extended position, that is to say, the eye 5 of the eccentric bush 4 assumes position A (Fig. 1).
  • the extended state of the piston rods 23.B, 23.C thus corresponds to the pressure setting.
  • the double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C are advantageously cylinders which can be pressurized with compressed air, that is to say correspondingly double-acting pneumatic cylinders.
  • the compressed air is provided by a pressure pump of the printing press and passed to the cylinders via pressure lines, with compressed air stores also being provided.
  • the piston rods 23.B, 23.C can then be individually retracted and extended individually via the respective working chambers of the double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C associated with electrically controllable valves, in particular electrically switchable solenoid valves.
  • the double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C as hydraulic cylinders, in which case a corresponding hydraulic system effects the strokes of the piston rods 23.B, 23.C.
  • the advantage of designing the working cylinders 21.B, 21.C as a pneumatic cylinder lies in the well-known fact that the compressed air can be discharged via electrically switchable solenoid valves where it is no longer needed.
  • a hydraulic system requires a complex return system (oil circuit).
  • Compressed air is also required at many points in today's sheet-fed offset printing presses, so that the device for supplying and stopping the pressurized air according to the invention can be easily integrated into the pneumatics of the printing press if the system supplying the compressed air is designed accordingly.
  • Fig. 2 shows like Fig. 1 the extended position of the toggle lever of the tabs 13, 14, that is, the pressure adjustment. For this reason and the inhibiting effect of the eccentric bushes 4, there is also no reaction of the pressure between the blanket cylinder 2 and the pressure cylinder 3, in particular in the case of the so-called channel impacts (inlet and outlet of the channels) on the working cylinders 21.B, 21.C.
  • FIG. 3 shows this pressure cut-off with the rubber cylinder 2 still positioned towards the plate cylinder 1.
  • the toggle lever mechanism of the plates 13, 14 has been displaced into a kinked position by the retracted piston rod 23.B and the coupling 26 thereby pivoted away. Eye 5 of eccentric bushing 4 was pressed into position B by way of the release shaft 10 and release lever 9 (FIG. 1). If the pressure is to be switched on again, this is achieved by pressurizing the corresponding chamber of working cylinder 21.B. Piston rod 23.B thus extends and, via coupling 26, presses the toggle mechanism of the tabs 13, 14 back into its extended position.
  • the blanket cylinder 2 is turned off or on by the impression cylinder 3 (corresponding switching times for the solenoid valves) when the channels of the blanket cylinder 2 and the impression cylinder 3 correspond to one another. The last sheet is then still fully printed out or the rubber cylinder 2 does not touch the printing cylinder 3 without a sheet when printing is started.
  • the switching times for the operations described further below are taken from a switching device which detects the angular position of the printing press and forms control signals for the electrically switchable solenoid valves with appropriate commands (print off, rubber blanket coloring, etc.).
  • This switching device can be formed by a high-resolution rotary angle encoder running synchronously with the machine with a downstream computing device.
  • the rotary encoder can be located on a single-speed shaft on the feeder of the sheet-fed printing press.
  • the rubber cylinder 2 is switched off from the plate cylinder 1 - starting from the position according to FIG. 3 - by switching the working cylinder 21.C in such a way that the piston rod 23.C is immersed in its end position. This also takes place during the correspondence of the channels of the plate and rubber cylinders 1, 2.
  • the toggle lever mechanism of the tabs 13, 14 now assumes its completely kinked position (FIG. 4). 1 eye 5 is rotated from eccentric bushing 4 to position C.
  • the positioning of the rubber cylinder 2 against the impression cylinder 3 when the first sheet to be printed lies on the impression cylinder 3 - starting from the position according to FIG. 3 - is carried out by switching the corresponding chamber of working cylinder 21.B, such that piston rod 23.B extends into its end position.
  • the tabs 13, 14 of the toggle lever mechanism assume an extended position - the rubber cylinder 2 is engaged on the pressure cylinder 3.
  • the use of a three-point working cylinder has the following basic disadvantage. If the first working cylinder is extended, and if the second one downstream of it is also to be extended (against a force), then an unfolding force fully affects the first (pressurized) working cylinder. Because of the compressibility of the pressure medium, especially with compressed air, there is a more or less strong yielding of the first working cylinder or its piston rod.
  • the three-point working cylinder has another disadvantage. Because the two double-acting working cylinders are connected in series or in series, the stroke lengths (hence three approachable points) do not add up, but the forces of the working cylinders do not. This results in a simple manner from the fact that the second working cylinder must be supported on the first one upstream of it.
  • the rubber cylinder 2 is shut off from the pressure cylinder 3 by immersing the piston rod 23.B, i.e. pulling the hinge pin 27 of the toggle lever mechanism of the tabs 13, 14 downward via coupling 26 with the aid of a force-increasing lever action (FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • Hinge pin 25 acts as a counter bearing and is pressed forcefully upwards.
  • a force acts on the pivot pin 25 parallel to the direction of the piston rod 23.C in such a way that the pivot pin 25 tries to pull the piston rod 23.C beyond its upper end position.
  • the phase of lifting the blanket cylinder 2 from the printing cylinder 3 is particularly time-critical, since a too late, i.e. Lifting outside the channel, for example in the case of a missing sheet, due to the inking of the printing cylinder 3, requires a longer downtime because of the necessary cleaning of the printing cylinder 3. It is precisely in this phase that the repercussions that inevitably arise in a three-point working cylinder and are caused by the series connection, have a particularly negative effect on the reaction behavior. Because of the high compressibility of compressed air, the use of pneumatic three-point working cylinders is only possible with great effort (very high pressures).
  • Another advantage of a device according to the type of the invention results in a switching option with a very advantageous reaction behavior which has not yet been mentioned. If an irregularity is found in the sheet travel (eg double sheet handed over to the pre-gripper, winder), the pressure must be stopped completely by then placing the rubber cylinder 2 immediately at the greatest distance from the printing cylinder 3. Such situations have absolute priority, ie the gradual shutdown during the Channel correspondence between plate cylinder 1, blanket cylinder 2 and impression cylinder 3 has to be avoided, since a fold or double sheet entering the printing zone will cause tremendous shocks in the bearings of these cylinders and cause damage if the blanket is adjusted to the actual paper thickness from blanket cylinder 2 to impression cylinder 3 .
  • the pressure in correspondence of the channels of the rubber and pressure cylinders 2, 3 can be switched off by simultaneous pressurization of the working cylinders 21.B and 21.C, ie coupling 26 pulled by the piston rods 23.B and 23.C brings the toggle mechanism of the tabs 13, 14 - starting from the position according to FIG. 2 - immediately into the position according to FIG. 4. Due to the parallel arrangement of the working cylinders 21.B, 21.C, pivot pins 26 pull the total of the forces of the piston rods 23.B, 23.C, at the same time this pressure shutdown process only takes the time that a piston rod 23.B or 23.C needs for immersion.
  • the pressure starting and stopping device thus avoids a complicated, complex, and therefore also expensive three-point working cylinder and enables the use of two similar, double-acting and pressurized working cylinders in a simple manner.
  • the disadvantages resulting from the principle of a three-point working cylinder are not only avoided, but also supplemented by the advantages of a parallel connection.
  • a device according to the invention has a particularly favorable effect on the construction volume.
  • the switching times for the pressure switching on and off for the solenoid valves are provided by a switching device which detects the position of the printing unit cylinders in such a way that the switching on and off of the rubber cylinder 2 to / from the printing and plate cylinder 3, 1 takes place in the area of the opposite cylinder channels.
  • the switching times can be selected so that at the beginning of the channel correspondence, i.e. in the opposite pressure end areas of rubber, pressure cylinder 2, 3 or rubber, plate cylinder 2, 1, the corresponding solenoid valves are switched.
  • the sum of the dead and reaction times can be achieved by applying a correspondingly higher pressure medium, i.e. Avoid higher working pressures, but then requires a more complicated, complex and expensive design of the particularly pneumatic system.
  • the switching points for the solenoid valves are formed by the switching device not only as a function of the position of the printing unit cylinders relative to one another, but also as a function of the speed.
  • the switching device thus also detects the speed of rotation of the printing press, for example via a tachometer signal or the actual speed of the machine main drive control, and forms correspondingly advanced switching times.
  • the switching time for the corresponding switching on or off is at the beginning of the channel correspondence, for example, at high speed it is brought forward in proportion to the speed, i.e. it is placed in the area of, for example, the sheet still to be printed. This ensures that the rubber cylinder 2 is always switched on and off in the channel area.
  • the speed-dependent or printing-speed-dependent ballast angle can be selected in proportion to the speed, but also according to an empirically determined characteristic curve.
  • Such a configuration of a switching device thus additionally reduces the constructional complexity of a device for switching on and off the pressure according to the type of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rotary Presses (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Screen Printers (AREA)

Abstract

A device for impression throw-on and throw-off of a rubber cylinder 2 in the printing unit of an offset printing machine is proposed, the rubber cylinder 2 being mounted on both sides in eccentric bushes 4 and the pivoting movement of the eccentric bushes 4 leading to impression throw-on and throw-off taking place by means of a toggle mechanism formed by the tabs 13 and 14. Two double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C, which are arranged in parallel, are connected at their piston rods 23.B, 23.C to a coupler 26. Coupler 26 is articulated on tab 13. Working cylinders 21.B, 21.C can be acted upon both individually and simultaneously with compressed air so that especially in the latter case a particularly rapid throw-off of the rubber cylinder 2 from the printing cylinder 3 and plate cylinder 1 is ensured. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Druckan- und -abstellung des Gummizylinders gemäß dem Oberbegriff des ersten Patentanspruches.The invention relates to a device for printing on and off the blanket cylinder according to the preamble of the first claim.

Aus der DE-PS 934 407 ist es beispielsweise bekannt, den in Exzenterbuchsen gelagerten Gummizylinder des Druckwerks einer Offsetdruckmaschine in zwei Phasen und frei wählbarer Zwischendauer an den Druckzylinder anzustellen. Zum Voreinfärben wird der Gummizylinder zunächst an den Plattenzylinder angestellt, dann erst folgt ein Anstellen an den Druckzylinder. Erreicht wird dies durch einen kurvengesteuerten Rollenhebel mit einer zweistufigen Klinkenkupplung. Das An- und Abstellen erfolgt dabei im Bereich der gegenüberliegenden Zylinderkanäle. Nachteilig bei solchartigen Lösungen ist aber die ungünstige Maschinendynamik gerade bei schnellaufenden Druckmaschinen durch das harte Einrasten der Schaltklinke und das damit verbundene hohe zusätzlich vom Hauptantrieb aufzubringende Antriebsmoment.From DE-PS 934 407 it is known, for example, to press the rubber cylinder of the printing unit of an offset printing machine, which is mounted in eccentric bushes, in two phases and with a freely selectable intermediate time on the printing cylinder. For pre-inking, the rubber cylinder is first placed on the plate cylinder, only then is it placed on the printing cylinder. This is achieved by a cam-controlled roller lever with a two-stage jack clutch. The starting and stopping takes place in the area of the opposite cylinder channels. However, the disadvantage of such solutions is the unfavorable machine dynamics, particularly in the case of high-speed printing presses, due to the hard latching of the pawl and the associated high drive torque to be additionally applied by the main drive.

Um den in Exzenterbuchsen gelagerten Gummizylinder ohne stoßartig vom Hauptantrieb aufzubringendes Drehmoment von Druck- und Plattenzylinder in zwei Stufen an- und abzustellen, ist es aus der DE 3 232 171 A1 und der DD 86 631 bekannt, die Bewegung der Exzenterbuchsen mittels durch Druckmittel beaufschlagbare doppeltwirkende und nacheinander schaltbare Arbeitszylinder hervorzurufen. Nachteilig ist hierbei der recht hohe konstruktive Aufwand sowie die damit verbundene Masse, den die dort vorgesehenen Lagerhebel des Gummizylinders bewirken und ferner daß die Wirkung der Arbeitzylinder einer reinen Reihen- bzw. Hintereinanderschaltung entspricht, wodurch die Kraftentfaltung des einen Arbeitszylinders stets auf den mit ihm zusammenwirkenden anderen Arbeitszylinder zurückwirkt.In order to switch the rubber cylinder mounted in eccentric bushings on and off in two stages without sudden torque from the main drive of the printing and plate cylinders, it is known from DE 3 232 171 A1 and DD 86 631 that the movement of the eccentric bushings by means of double-acting pressurized by pressure medium and successively switchable working cylinders. The disadvantage here is the very high design effort and the associated mass, which the bearing levers provided there cause the blanket cylinder and also that the effect of the working cylinder corresponds to a pure series or series connection, whereby the power delivery of a working cylinder always has an effect on the other working cylinder interacting with it.

Die US-PS 3 067 674 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung zur Druckan- und -abstellung mit einem durch Druckmittelbeaufschlagung betätigbaren Stellglied, welches auf ein Kniehebelgetriebe wirkt und dieses seinerseits die Exzenterbuchsen des Gummizylinders verschwenkt. Nachteilig ist hierbei, daß für eine zweistufige Druckan- und -abstellung ein Drei-Punk-Arbeitszylinder nötig ist, welcher einer Reihenschaltung zweier doppelt wirkender Arbeitszylinder entspricht und der bei schnellaufenden Druckmaschinen heutigen Typs kräftemäßig sehr aufwendig gestaltet sein muß, um bei hohem Drucktempo den Gummizylinder bei Störungen schnell genug vom Druckzylinder zu trennen.US Pat. No. 3,067,674 describes a device for starting and stopping pressure with an actuator which can be actuated by pressure medium acting on a toggle lever mechanism and this in turn pivots the eccentric bushes of the rubber cylinder. The disadvantage here is that a three-point working cylinder is necessary for a two-stage printing on and off, which corresponds to a series connection of two double-acting working cylinders and which must be designed to be very expensive in terms of force in today's high-speed printing presses in order to operate the rubber cylinder at high printing speeds in the event of malfunctions to be separated from the impression cylinder quickly enough.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es somit eine Vorrichtung zur Druckan- und -abstellung obengenannter Gattung so zu verbessern, daß zweistufiges Druckan- und -abstellen mit einfachen konstruktiven Mitteln ermöglicht wird und ferner ein schnelles und sicheres Druckabstellen gerade bei schnellaufenden Druckmaschinen gewährleistet ist.The object of the present invention is therefore to improve a device for printing on and off of the aforementioned type in such a way that two-stage printing on and off is made possible with simple constructional means and furthermore a quick and safe printing off is ensured especially in the case of high-speed printing machines.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des ersten Patentanspruches. Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen in Verbindung mit der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen.The object is achieved by the characterizing features of the first claim. Further developments result from the subclaims in connection with the description and the drawings.

Nachstehend wird eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beschrieben. In den zugehörigen Zeichnungen zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Druckan- und -abstellvorrichtung gemäß dem Stand der Technik,
Fig. 2
die Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung in Druckanstellung,
Fig. 3
obige Vorrichtung in der Stellung mit vom Druckzylinder abgestelltem Gummizylinder,
Fig. 4
die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 2 in der Stellung mit vom Plattenzylinder abgestelltem Gummizylinder.
An advantageous embodiment of the invention is described below. In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1
a pressure switching device according to the prior art,
Fig. 2
the device according to the invention in pressure setting,
Fig. 3
the above device in the position with the rubber cylinder turned off from the impression cylinder,
Fig. 4
the device of FIG. 2 in the position with rubber cylinder parked from the plate cylinder.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Druckwerk einer Offsetdruckmaschine mit einem Plattenzylinder 1, einem Gummizylinder 2 und einem Druckzylinder 3. Die Zylinder sind beidseitig mit ihren Zapfen in den Gestellwänden der Offsetdruckmaschine gelagert. Zur Druckan- und -abstellung ist der Gummizylinder 2 beidseitig in Exzenterbuchsen 4 gelagert. Durch Verschwenken der Exzenterbuchsen 4 kann der Gummizylinder 2 von Druckzylinder 3 und vom Plattenzylinder 1 gelöst werden.1 shows a printing unit of an offset printing machine with a plate cylinder 1, a rubber cylinder 2 and a printing cylinder 3. The cylinders are mounted on both sides with their pins in the frame walls of the offset printing machine. The rubber cylinder 2 is mounted on both sides in eccentric bushes 4 for switching the pressure on and off. By pivoting the eccentric bushes 4, the rubber cylinder 2 can be released from the pressure cylinder 3 and from the plate cylinder 1.

Bei heutigen Offsetdruckmaschinen läuft der Druckanstellvorgang ausgehend von der Druckabstellung wie folgt ab:
Wenn die Kanäle von Plattenzylinder 1 und Gummizylinder 2 miteinander korrespondieren, d.h. die beiden Zylinder mit ihren Kanälen gegenüber-stehen, wird durch Verdrehen der Exzenterbuchsen 4 um einen bestimmten Winkelbetrag Gummizylinder 2 an den Plattenzylinder 1 angestellt und läuft solange mit, bis Gummizylinder 2 eine optimale Einfärung aufweist und der erste zu bedruckende Bogen auf dem Druckzylinder 3 angelangt ist. Bei Korrespondenz der Kanäle von Gummizylinder 2 und Druckzylinder 3 erfolgt durch entsprechendes Weiterdrehen der Exzenterbuchsen 4 die Druckanstellung; somit wird der erste auf den Druckzylinder 3 befindliche Bogen bedruckt.In today's offset printing presses, the print setting process proceeds from the print shutdown as follows:
If the channels of plate cylinder 1 and blanket cylinder 2 correspond to each other, i.e. the two cylinders face each other with their channels, by turning the eccentric bushes 4 by a certain angle, blanket cylinder 2 is turned on the plate cylinder 1 and continues to run until blanket cylinder 2 is optimal Has coloration and the first sheet to be printed has reached the printing cylinder 3. If the channels of the blanket cylinder 2 and the pressure cylinder 3 correspond, the pressure adjustment is carried out by turning the eccentric bushes 4 accordingly; thus the first sheet located on the printing cylinder 3 is printed.

Fig. 1 zeigt die drei Winkelstellungen A, B, C der Exzenterbuchse 4 bzw. eines an der Exzenterbuchse 4 befestigten Auges 5. In Winkelstellung A haben sowohl Platten- und Gummizylinder 1, 2, als auch Gummi- und Druckzylinder 2, 3 miteinander Kontakt. In Winkelstellung B bleiben Platten- und Gummizylinder 1, 2 miteinander in Kontakt, Gummi- und Druckzylinder 2, 3 sind aber getrennt. Winkelstellung C entspricht der Druckabstellung - der Gummizylinder 2 hat keinen Kontakt zu den übrigen Druckwerkszylindern und weist den größten Spalt zum Druckzylinder 3 auf.Fig. 1 shows the three angular positions A, B, C of the eccentric bushing 4 and an eye 5 fastened to the eccentric bushing 4. In the angular position A, the plate and rubber cylinders 1, 2 as well as rubber and pressure cylinders 2, 3 are in contact with each other . In angular position B, plate and blanket cylinders 1, 2 remain in contact with each other, but blanket and impression cylinders 2, 3 are separate. Angular position C corresponds to the print stop - the rubber cylinder 2 has no contact with the other printing unit cylinders and has the largest gap to the printing cylinder 3.

Bei Ausbleiben lediglich eines Bogens (falsche Anlage) wird bei Korrespondenz der Kanäle von Gummi- und Druckzylinder 2, 3 Exzenterbuchse 4 von Stellung A nach Stellung B verdreht, um ein Bedrucken des Druckzylinders 3 bei fehlendem Bogen zu verhindern. Soll der Druck ganz abgestellt werden (längere Unterbrechung) wird zur Vermeidung einer Überfärbung des Gummizylinders 2 bei Korrespondenz der Kanäle von Platten- und Gummizylinder 1, 2 Exzenterbuchse 4 in Stellung C verdreht.If only one sheet is missing (wrong system), the channels of the rubber and impression cylinders 2, 3 eccentric bushing 4 are rotated from position A to position B in order to print on the impression cylinder 3 to prevent if the sheet is missing. If the pressure is to be switched off completely (longer interruption), the eccentric bushing 4 is rotated in position C to avoid over-coloring of the rubber cylinder 2 when the channels of the plate and rubber cylinder 1, 2 correspond.

Zur Verdrehbarkeit der Exzenterbuchsen 4 ist an dieser ein Auge 5 angebracht, an welches über Gelenkbolzen 6 eine Lasche 7 greift und diese über Gelenkbolzen 8 mit einem Abrückhebel 9 der Abrückwelle 10 verbunden ist. Abrückwelle 10 erstreckt sich über die Breite der Maschine und ist in beiden Gestellwänden gelagert. Das aus Exzenterbuchse 4 mit Auge 5, Abrückhebel 9 und Lasche 7 als Koppel gebildete Viergelenk befindet sich an beiden Seiten der Maschine. Durch entsprechendes Verdrehen der Abrückwelle 10 sind somit die Exzenterbuchsen 4 an beiden Zapfen von Gummizylinder 2 in die Stellungen A, B, C verdrehbar, dementsprechend die Achse des Gummizylinders 2 parallel zu den Achsen der übrigen Zylindern bewegbar.For the rotatability of the eccentric bushes 4, an eye 5 is attached to the latter, to which a tab 7 engages via hinge bolts 6 and which is connected via hinge bolts 8 to a release lever 9 of the release shaft 10. Moving shaft 10 extends across the width of the machine and is supported in both frame walls. The four-bar linkage formed from eccentric bushing 4 with eye 5, release lever 9 and bracket 7 is located on both sides of the machine. The eccentric bushes 4 on both journals of rubber cylinder 2 can thus be rotated into positions A, B, C by correspondingly turning the pull-off shaft 10, and accordingly the axis of the rubber cylinder 2 can be moved parallel to the axes of the other cylinders.

Zur Erzeugung des Verdrehens der Abrückwelle 10 weist diese auf einer Maschinenseite einen zweiten Hebel 11 auf, an den über Gelenkbolzen 12 ein aus den Laschen 13, 14 und Gelenkbolzen 15 gebildetes Kniehebelgetriebe angreift, das sein Widerlager im Gelenkbolzen 16 hat und in einem Arm des Druckbeistellhebels 17 sitzt. Druckbeistellhebel 17 ist drehbar um einen gestellfesten Bolzen 18 gelagert.To generate the rotation of the release shaft 10, this has a second lever 11 on a machine side, to which a toggle lever mechanism, which is formed from the brackets 13, 14 and hinge bolts 15, engages via hinge pins 12 and has its abutment in the hinge pin 16 and in an arm of the pressure assist lever 17 sits. Druckbeistellhebel 17 is rotatably mounted about a pin 18 fixed to the frame.

In der Druckan-Stellung (Auge 5 von Exzenterbüchse 4 in Stellung A) nimmt das aus den Laschen 13, 14 gebildete Kniehebelgetriebe eine gestreckte Lage ein, d.h. die Gelenkbolzen 12, 15, 16 liegen nahezu auf einer Linie. In dieser Druckan-Stellung ist über Beistellhebel 17 die Druckbeistellung von Gummizylinder 2 zu Druckzylinder 3 einstellbar. So ist am oberen Arm des Druckbeistellhebels 17 eine Spindelmutter 19 angebracht, welche von einer sich in ihrer axialen Richtung maschinenfest abstützenden Stellspindel 20 getrieben wird und durch ein Handrad maschinenaußenseitig verstellbar ist. Verdrehen der Verstellspindel 20 bewirkt über Druckbeistellhebel 17, den gestreckten Kniehebel 13, 14, die Abrückwelle 10 ein Verdrehen der Exzenterbuchsen 4 und somit die Anstellkraft des Gummizylinders 2 zum Druckzylinder 3. Stellung A entspricht somit einer bestimmten Druckbeistellung. Die Stellungen B, C der Exzenterbuchsen 4 mit Auge 5 beziehen sich daher stets auf die Stellung A, d.h. sie verändern sich mit dieser (andere Druckbeistellung).In the Druckan position (eye 5 of the eccentric bush 4 in position A), the toggle lever mechanism formed from the tabs 13, 14 assumes an extended position, ie the hinge pins 12, 15, 16 lie almost in line. In this Druckan position, the pressure supply from blanket cylinder 2 to pressure cylinder 3 can be adjusted via set lever 17. Thus, a spindle nut 19 is attached to the upper arm of the pressure control lever 17, which is driven by an adjusting spindle 20 that is supported in a machine-fixed manner in its axial direction and is adjustable on the outside of the machine by a handwheel. Rotation of the adjusting spindle 20 causes the release shaft 10 via the pressure adjusting lever 17, the extended toggle lever 13, 14 Rotation of the eccentric bushes 4 and thus the contact force of the rubber cylinder 2 to the pressure cylinder 3. Position A thus corresponds to a certain pressure supply. The positions B, C of the eccentric bushes 4 with the eye 5 therefore always refer to the position A, ie they change with this (other pressure provision).

Nach Art der Erfindung ist nun vorgesehen, das Kniehebelgetriebe, gebildet aus den Laschen 13, 14 über zwei parallel angeordnete, jeweils doppelt wirkende mit Druckmittel beaufschlagbare Arbeitszylinder 21.B, 21.C zu betätigen (Fig. 2). Diese Arbeitszylinder 21.B, 21.C sind mit ihrem Boden über Schwenkaugen 22 gestellfest abgestützt. Die Kolbenstangen 23.B, 23.C der doppeltwirkenden Arbeitszylinder 21.B, 21.C sind über Gelenkbolzen 24, 25 mit einer Koppel 26 verbunden. Lasche 13 weist einen dritten Gelenkbolzen 21 auf, mit dem sie an Koppel 26 angelenkt ist. Die Hubwege der gleichartigen doppeltwirkenden Arbeitszylinder 21.B, 21.C sind dabei so bemessen, so daß die Kolbenstangen 23.B, 23.C im ausgefahrenen Zustand über Koppel 26 das Kniehebelgetriebe der Laschen 13, 14 in die gestreckte Lage drücken, also Auge 5 der Exzenterbuchse 4 Stellung A einnimmt (Fig. 1). Der ausgefahrene Zustand der Kolbenstangen 23.B, 23.C entspricht somit der Druckanstellung.According to the type of the invention, it is now provided that the toggle lever mechanism, formed from the tabs 13, 14, is actuated by means of two parallel-arranged, double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C (FIG. 2). These working cylinders 21.B, 21.C are supported with their base fixed to the frame via swivel eyes 22. The piston rods 23.B, 23.C of the double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C are connected to a coupling 26 by means of pivot pins 24, 25. Tab 13 has a third hinge pin 21 with which it is articulated on coupling 26. The stroke paths of the similar double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C are dimensioned such that the piston rods 23.B, 23.C in the extended state press the toggle lever mechanism of the brackets 13, 14 into the extended position, that is to say, the eye 5 of the eccentric bush 4 assumes position A (Fig. 1). The extended state of the piston rods 23.B, 23.C thus corresponds to the pressure setting.

Bei den doppeltwirkenden Arbeitszylindern 21.B, 21.C handelt es sich dabei vorteilhafterweise um Zylinder, die mit Druckluft beaufschlagbar sind, also um entsprechend doppelt wirkende Pneumatik-Zylinder. Die Druckluft wird dabei von einer Druckpumpe der Druckmaschine bereitgestellt und über Druckleitungen zu den Zylinder geleitet, wobei zusätzlich noch Druckluftspeicher vorgesehen sind. Über den jeweiligen Arbeitskammern der doppeltwirkenden Arbeitszylindern 21.B, 21.C zugeordnete elektrisch ansteuerbare Ventile, insbesondere elektrisch schaltbare Magnetventile sind dann die Kolbenstangen 23.B, 23.C jeweils einzeln ein-und ausfahrbar. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, die doppeltwirkenden Arbeitszylinder 21.B, 21.C als Hydraulik-Zylinder auszuführen, wobei dann eine entsprechende Hydraulikanlage die Hübe der Kolbenstangen 23.B, 23.C bewirkt. Der Vorteil der Ausführung der Arbeitszylinder 21.B, 21.C als Pneumatik-Zylinder liegt aber in der bekannten Tatsache, daß die Druckluft über elektrisch schaltbare Magnetventile dort abgelassen werden kann, wo sie nicht mehr gebraucht wird. Eine hydraulische Anlage macht jedoch ein aufwendiges Rückführsystem (Ölkreislauf) nötig. Auch wird bei den heutigen Bogen-Offsetdruckmaschinen an vielen Stellen Druckluft benötigt, so daß bei entsprechender Auslegung der die Druckluft liefernden Anlage die Vorrichtung zur Druckan- und -abstellung nach der Erfindung in einfacher Weise in die Pneumatik der Druckmaschine integrierbar ist.The double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C are advantageously cylinders which can be pressurized with compressed air, that is to say correspondingly double-acting pneumatic cylinders. The compressed air is provided by a pressure pump of the printing press and passed to the cylinders via pressure lines, with compressed air stores also being provided. The piston rods 23.B, 23.C can then be individually retracted and extended individually via the respective working chambers of the double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C associated with electrically controllable valves, in particular electrically switchable solenoid valves. Of course, it is also possible to design the double-acting working cylinders 21.B, 21.C as hydraulic cylinders, in which case a corresponding hydraulic system effects the strokes of the piston rods 23.B, 23.C. The advantage of designing the working cylinders 21.B, 21.C as a pneumatic cylinder lies in the well-known fact that the compressed air can be discharged via electrically switchable solenoid valves where it is no longer needed. A hydraulic system, however, requires a complex return system (oil circuit). Compressed air is also required at many points in today's sheet-fed offset printing presses, so that the device for supplying and stopping the pressurized air according to the invention can be easily integrated into the pneumatics of the printing press if the system supplying the compressed air is designed accordingly.

Fig. 2 zeigt wie Fig. 1 die gestreckte Lage des Kniehebels der Laschen 13, 14, also die Druckanstellung. Aus diesem Grunde und der hemmenden Wirkung der Exzenterbuchsen 4 findet auch keine Rückwirkung des Druckes zwischen Gummizylinder 2 und Druckzylinder 3, insbesondere bei den sogenannten Kanalstößen (Ein- und Auslaufen der Kanäle) auf die Arbeitszylinder 21.B, 21.C statt.Fig. 2 shows like Fig. 1 the extended position of the toggle lever of the tabs 13, 14, that is, the pressure adjustment. For this reason and the inhibiting effect of the eccentric bushes 4, there is also no reaction of the pressure between the blanket cylinder 2 and the pressure cylinder 3, in particular in the case of the so-called channel impacts (inlet and outlet of the channels) on the working cylinders 21.B, 21.C.

Soll lediglich der Gummizylinder 2 vom Druckzylinder 3 abgestellt werden (z.B. fehlender oder zu später Bogen an der Anlage), so wird über entsprechende Ansteuerung eines Magnetventils die entsprechende Kammer des Arbeitszylinders 21.B mit Druckluft beaufschlagt, so daß Kolbenstange 23.8 mit maximaler Geschwindigkeit in seine eingefahrene Stellung eintaucht (Fig. 3).If only the rubber cylinder 2 is to be turned off from the pressure cylinder 3 (e.g. missing or late sheet on the system), the corresponding chamber of the working cylinder 21.B is pressurized with appropriate actuation of a solenoid valve, so that piston rod 23.8 moves at maximum speed into it retracted position immersed (Fig. 3).

Fig. 3 zeigt diese Druckabstellung bei weiterhin zum Plattenzylinder 1 angestelltem Gummizylinder 2. Das Kniehebelgetriebe der Laschen 13, 14 ist durch die eingefahrene Kolbenstange 23.B und die dadurch abgeschwenkte Koppel 26 in eine eingeknickte Lage versetzt worden. Über Abrückwelle 10 und Abrückhebel 9 wurde Auge 5 von Exzenterbuchse 4 in die Position B gedrückt (Fig. 1). Soll der Druck wieder angestellt werden, so wird dies durch Druckmittelbeaufschlagung der entsprechenden Kammer von Arbeitszylinder 21.B erreicht. Kolbenstange 23.B fährt somit aus und drückt über Koppel 26 das Kniehebelgetriebe der Laschen 13, 14 wieder in seine gestreckte Lage.FIG. 3 shows this pressure cut-off with the rubber cylinder 2 still positioned towards the plate cylinder 1. The toggle lever mechanism of the plates 13, 14 has been displaced into a kinked position by the retracted piston rod 23.B and the coupling 26 thereby pivoted away. Eye 5 of eccentric bushing 4 was pressed into position B by way of the release shaft 10 and release lever 9 (FIG. 1). If the pressure is to be switched on again, this is achieved by pressurizing the corresponding chamber of working cylinder 21.B. Piston rod 23.B thus extends and, via coupling 26, presses the toggle mechanism of the tabs 13, 14 back into its extended position.

Wie vorgesehen, wird der Gummizylinder 2 vom Druckzylinder 3 ab- bzw. angestellt (entsprechende Schaltzeitpunkte für die Magnetventile), wenn die Kanäle von Gummizylinder 2 und Druckzylinder 3 miteinander korrespondieren. So wird der letzte Bogen dann noch voll ausgedruckt bzw. der Gummizylinder 2 setzt beim Druckanstellen nicht auf dem Druckzylinder 3 ohne Bogen auf. Die Schaltzeitpunkte für die noch weiter unten beschriebenen Operationen werden einer Schalteinrichtung entnommen, welche die Winkelstellung der Druckmaschine detektiert und bei entsprechenden Kommandos (Druck ab, Gummituch einfärben usw.) Stellsignale für die elektrisch schaltbaren Magnetventile bildet. Diese Schalteinrichtung kann durch einen hochauflösenden mit der Maschine synchron laufenden Drehwinkelgeber mit nachgeschalteter Recheneinrichtung gebildet sein. Der Drehwinkelgeber kann sich dabei an einer Eintourenwelle am Anleger der Bogendruckmaschine befinden.As provided, the blanket cylinder 2 is turned off or on by the impression cylinder 3 (corresponding switching times for the solenoid valves) when the channels of the blanket cylinder 2 and the impression cylinder 3 correspond to one another. The last sheet is then still fully printed out or the rubber cylinder 2 does not touch the printing cylinder 3 without a sheet when printing is started. The switching times for the operations described further below are taken from a switching device which detects the angular position of the printing press and forms control signals for the electrically switchable solenoid valves with appropriate commands (print off, rubber blanket coloring, etc.). This switching device can be formed by a high-resolution rotary angle encoder running synchronously with the machine with a downstream computing device. The rotary encoder can be located on a single-speed shaft on the feeder of the sheet-fed printing press.

Das Abstellen des Gummizylinders 2 vom Plattenzylinder 1 erfolgt - ausgehend von der Stellung nach Fig. 3 - durch Schalten von Arbeitszylinder 21.C, derart, daß Kolbenstange 23.C in seine Endlage eintaucht. Auch dies erfolgt während der Korrespondenz der Kanäle von Platten- und Gummizylinder 1, 2. Das Kniehebelgetriebe der Laschen 13, 14 nimmt nun seine vollständig abgeknickte Stellung ein (Fig. 4). Gemäß Fig. 1 ist Auge 5 von Exzenterbuchse 4 nach Position C verdreht.The rubber cylinder 2 is switched off from the plate cylinder 1 - starting from the position according to FIG. 3 - by switching the working cylinder 21.C in such a way that the piston rod 23.C is immersed in its end position. This also takes place during the correspondence of the channels of the plate and rubber cylinders 1, 2. The toggle lever mechanism of the tabs 13, 14 now assumes its completely kinked position (FIG. 4). 1 eye 5 is rotated from eccentric bushing 4 to position C.

Druckanstellen, ausgehend von der Stellung nach Fig. 4 erfolgt nun in umgekehrter Reihenfolge. Während der Kanalkorrespondenz von Platten- und Gummizylinder 1, 2 wird die entsprechende Kammer von Arbeitszylinder 21.C geschaltet - Kolbenstange 23.C fährt aus und drückt über Koppel 26 die Laschen 13 und 14 in die Stellung nach Fig. 3. Gummizylinder 2 liegt nun am Plattenzylinder 1 an und wird eingefärbt.Pressure starting from the position shown in Fig. 4 is now done in reverse order. During the channel correspondence of plate and rubber cylinders 1, 2, the corresponding chamber is switched by working cylinder 21.C - piston rod 23.C extends and presses tabs 13 and 14 into the position according to FIG. 3 via coupling 26. Rubber cylinder 2 is now located on the plate cylinder 1 and is colored.

Das Anstellen des Gummizylinders 2 an den Druckzylinder 3, wenn der erste zu bedruckende Bogen auf dem Druckzylinder 3 liegt - ausgehend von der Stellung nach Fig. 3 - erfolgt durch Schalten der entsprechenden Kammer von Arbeitszylinder 21.B, derart, daß Kolbenstange 23.B in seine Endlage ausfährt. Die Laschen 13, 14 des Kniehebelgetriebes nehmen eine gestreckte Stellung ein - der Gummizylinder 2 ist am Druckzylinder 3 angestellt.The positioning of the rubber cylinder 2 against the impression cylinder 3 when the first sheet to be printed lies on the impression cylinder 3 - starting from the position according to FIG. 3 - is carried out by switching the corresponding chamber of working cylinder 21.B, such that piston rod 23.B extends into its end position. The tabs 13, 14 of the toggle lever mechanism assume an extended position - the rubber cylinder 2 is engaged on the pressure cylinder 3.

Die bisher beschriebenen drei Stellungen des Gummizylinders 2 zum Platten-und Druckzylinder 1, 3, wurde durch drei Stellungen des Gelenkbolzens 27 erreicht, entsprechend den Winkelstellungen des Kniehebelgetriebes der Laschen 13, 14 nach den Figuren 2, 3 und 4. Diese drei Stellungen des Kniehebelgetriebes, also des Gelenkbolzens 27 wären prinzipiell auch durch einen sogenannten Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylinder (pneumatisch, hydraulisch) mit entsprechender Ansteuerung möglich. Ein Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylinder entspricht dabei einer Hintereinanderschaltung zweier jeweils doppelt wirkender Arbeitszylinder, wobei der dem ersten Arbeitszylinder nachgeschaltete Zylinder sich beispielsweise mit seinem Schwenkauge auf der Kolbenstange des ersten abstützt. Mit einem solchen Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylinder wären die drei beschriebenen Positionen des Gelenkbolzens 27 in vollkommen äquivalenter Weise anfahrbar. Die Verwendung eines Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylinders weist aber folgenden grundsätzlichen Nachteil auf. Ist der erste Arbeitszylinder ausgefahren, und soll der diesem nachgeschaltete zweite ebenfalls (gegen eine Kraft) ausgefahren werden, so wirkt eine sich entfaltende Kraft voll auf den ersten (unter Druck stehenden) Arbeitszylinder zurück. Wegen der Kompressibilität des Druckmittels, insbesondere bei Druckluft, ergibt sich ein mehr oder weniger starkes Nachgeben des ersten Arbeitszylinders, bzw. dessen Kolbenstange.The previously described three positions of the rubber cylinder 2 relative to the plate and pressure cylinder 1, 3 was achieved by three positions of the articulated bolt 27, corresponding to the angular positions of the toggle mechanism of the tabs 13, 14 according to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4. These three positions of the toggle mechanism , that is, the pivot pin 27 would in principle also be possible by means of a so-called three-point working cylinder (pneumatic, hydraulic) with appropriate control. A three-point working cylinder corresponds to a series connection of two double-acting working cylinders, the cylinder following the first working cylinder being supported, for example, with its pivoting eye on the piston rod of the first. With such a three-point working cylinder, the three positions of the pivot pin 27 described could be approached in a completely equivalent manner. However, the use of a three-point working cylinder has the following basic disadvantage. If the first working cylinder is extended, and if the second one downstream of it is also to be extended (against a force), then an unfolding force fully affects the first (pressurized) working cylinder. Because of the compressibility of the pressure medium, especially with compressed air, there is a more or less strong yielding of the first working cylinder or its piston rod.

Dem Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylinder haftet jedoch noch ein weiterer Nachteil an. Wegen der Hintereinander- bzw. Reihenschaltung der beiden doppeltwirkenden Arbeitszylinder addieren sich zwar die Hubwege (daher drei anfahrbare Punkte) nicht aber die Kräfte der Arbeitszylinder. Dies ergibt sich in einfacher Weise daraus, daß der zweite Arbeitszylinder sich auf dem ersten, ihm vorgeschalteten abstützen muß.However, the three-point working cylinder has another disadvantage. Because the two double-acting working cylinders are connected in series or in series, the stroke lengths (hence three approachable points) do not add up, but the forces of the working cylinders do not. This results in a simple manner from the fact that the second working cylinder must be supported on the first one upstream of it.

Nach der voranstehend beschriebenen Erfindung wird der Gummizylinder 2 vom Druckzylinder 3 abgestellt, indem Kolbenstange 23.B eintaucht, also diese über Koppel 26 unter kraftverstärkender Hebelwirkung den Gelenkbolzen 27 des Kniehebelgetriebes der Laschen 13, 14 nach unten zieht (Fig. 2 und 3). Gelenkbolzen 25 wirkt hierbei als Gegenlager und wird kräftemäßig dabei nach oben gedrückt. Auf Gelenkbolzen 25 wirkt somit eine Kraft parallel zur Richtung von Kolbenstange 23.C und zwar derart, daß Gelenkbolzen 25 Kolbenstange 23.C über dessen obere Endlage hinauszuziehen versucht. Da sich Kolbenstante 23.C aber in der ausgefahrenen Endlage befindet, wirkt Kolbenstange 23.C mit Arbeitszylinder 21.C wie eine starre Verbindung zwischen dem Schwenkauge 22 und dem Gelenkbolzen 25. Es findet somit keine Rückwirkung auf den Arbeitszylinder 21.C im Sinne von Federn oder Nachgeben statt.According to the invention described above, the rubber cylinder 2 is shut off from the pressure cylinder 3 by immersing the piston rod 23.B, i.e. pulling the hinge pin 27 of the toggle lever mechanism of the tabs 13, 14 downward via coupling 26 with the aid of a force-increasing lever action (FIGS. 2 and 3). Hinge pin 25 acts as a counter bearing and is pressed forcefully upwards. A force acts on the pivot pin 25 parallel to the direction of the piston rod 23.C in such a way that the pivot pin 25 tries to pull the piston rod 23.C beyond its upper end position. However, since the piston end 23.C is in the extended end position, the piston rod 23.C with the working cylinder 21.C acts like a rigid connection between the swivel eye 22 and the pivot pin 25. There is therefore no reaction on the working cylinder 21.C in the sense of FIG Feathers or giving way instead.

Bei den heute erreichbaren hohen Druckgeschwindigkeiten (20 000 Bogen/h) ist die Phase des Abhebens des Gummizylinders 2 vom Druckzylinder 3 besonders zeitkritisch, da ein zu spätes, d.h. außerhalb des Kanals erfolgendes Abheben beispielsweise bei fehlendem Bogen, wegen der Einfärbung des Druckzylinders 3, eine längere Stillstandszeit wegen der nötigen Reinigung vom Druckzylinder 3 bedingt. Daher wirken sich gerade in dieser Phase, die sich bei einem Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylinder zwangsläufig ergebenden und durch die Hintereinanderschaltung bedingten Rückwirkungen, besonders negativ auf das Reaktionsverhalten aus. Wegen der hohen Kompressibilität von Druckluft ist eine Verwendung von pneumatischen Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylindern nur unter hohem Aufwand (sehr hohe Drucke) möglich.At the high printing speeds that can be achieved today (20,000 sheets / h), the phase of lifting the blanket cylinder 2 from the printing cylinder 3 is particularly time-critical, since a too late, i.e. Lifting outside the channel, for example in the case of a missing sheet, due to the inking of the printing cylinder 3, requires a longer downtime because of the necessary cleaning of the printing cylinder 3. It is precisely in this phase that the repercussions that inevitably arise in a three-point working cylinder and are caused by the series connection, have a particularly negative effect on the reaction behavior. Because of the high compressibility of compressed air, the use of pneumatic three-point working cylinders is only possible with great effort (very high pressures).

Ein weiterer Vorteil einer Vorrichtung nach Art der Erfindung ergibt sich in einer noch nicht erwähnten Schaltmöglichkeit mit sehr vorteilhaftem Reaktionsverhalten. Wird im Bogenlauf eine Unregelmäßigkeit festgestellt (z.B. an dem Vorgreifer übergebener Doppelbogen, Wickler) muß der Druck sofort ganz abgestellt werden, indem dann der Gummizylinder 2 sofort auf den größten Abstand zum Druckzylinder 3 gestellt wird. Solche Situationen haben absolute Priorität, d.h. das stufenweise Druckabstellen während der Kanalkorrespondenz von Plattenzylinder 1, Gummizylinder 2 und Druckzylinder 3 hat zu unterbleiben, da eine in die Druckzone einlaufende Falte oder Doppelbogen bei der auf die eigentliche Papierstärke eingestellte Druckbeistellung von Gummizylinder 2 zu Druckzylinder 3 enorme Stöße in den Lagern dieser Zylinder bewirken und zu Schäden führen würde. Um dies zu verhindern ist der Druck bei Korrespondenz der Kanäle von Gummi- und Druckzylinder 2, 3 durch gleichzeitige Druckmittelbeaufschlagung der Arbeitszylinder 21.B und 21.C abschaltbar, d.h. Koppel 26 gezogen von den Kolbenstangen 23.B und 23.C bringt das Kniehebelgetriebe der Laschen 13, 14 - ausgehend von Stellung nach Fig. 2 - sofort in die Stellung nach Fig. 4. Durch die parellele Anordnung der Arbeitszylinder 21.B, 21.C zieht Gelenkbolzen 26 mit der Summe der Kräfte der Kolbenstangen 23.B, 23.C, gleichzeitig benötigt dieser Druckabstellvorgang aber nur diejenige Zeitspanne, die eine Kolbenstange 23.B oder 23.C zum Eintauchen benötigt. Ein gewöhnlicher Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylinder (Reihenschaltung) würde zwar bei gleichzeitiger Druckmittelbeaufschlagung der entsprechend hintereinander geschalteten Arbeitskammern den gleichen Geschwindigkeitsvorteil (Addition der Hubwege) ergeben, nicht jedoch eine Addition der in den Arbeitskammern erzeugten Kräfte. Dies ergibt sich zwangsläufig aus der Tatsache, daß die Arbeitskammern hintereinander geschaltet sind, somit sich die Hubwege zwar addieren, nicht jedoch die Kräfte.Another advantage of a device according to the type of the invention results in a switching option with a very advantageous reaction behavior which has not yet been mentioned. If an irregularity is found in the sheet travel (eg double sheet handed over to the pre-gripper, winder), the pressure must be stopped completely by then placing the rubber cylinder 2 immediately at the greatest distance from the printing cylinder 3. Such situations have absolute priority, ie the gradual shutdown during the Channel correspondence between plate cylinder 1, blanket cylinder 2 and impression cylinder 3 has to be avoided, since a fold or double sheet entering the printing zone will cause tremendous shocks in the bearings of these cylinders and cause damage if the blanket is adjusted to the actual paper thickness from blanket cylinder 2 to impression cylinder 3 . To prevent this, the pressure in correspondence of the channels of the rubber and pressure cylinders 2, 3 can be switched off by simultaneous pressurization of the working cylinders 21.B and 21.C, ie coupling 26 pulled by the piston rods 23.B and 23.C brings the toggle mechanism of the tabs 13, 14 - starting from the position according to FIG. 2 - immediately into the position according to FIG. 4. Due to the parallel arrangement of the working cylinders 21.B, 21.C, pivot pins 26 pull the total of the forces of the piston rods 23.B, 23.C, at the same time this pressure shutdown process only takes the time that a piston rod 23.B or 23.C needs for immersion. A normal three-point working cylinder (series connection) would give the same speed advantage (addition of the stroke paths) when pressure medium was simultaneously applied to the working chambers connected in series, but not an addition of the forces generated in the working chambers. This inevitably results from the fact that the working chambers are connected in series, so that the stroke distances add up, but not the forces.

Gerade bei den hohen Druckgeschwindigkeiten und den damit verbundenen kurzen Zeiträumen (Breite der Kanäle), in denen Gummizylinder 2 abgestellt werden muß, müßten hohe Kräfte aufgebracht werden, um Gummizylinder 2 abzustellen, also von den übrigen Druckzylindern weg zu bewegen (Trägheit der Masse). Zusätzlich ist noch eine Kraft bei Verdrehen der Exzenterbuchse 4 von Stellung A nach Stellung B gemäß Fig. 1 zu überwinden, da durch die Exzenterbuchsenlagerung in diesem Winkelbereich der Gummizylinder 2 stärker gegen Plattenzylinder 1 gedrückt wird (Überdrückung). In diesem Winkelbereich verringert sich der Abstand der Achsen von Plattenzylinder 1 und Gummizylinder 2. Diese hohen Kräfte bei hohen Druckgeschwindigkeiten in kürzester Zeit aufzubringen, wäre ein speziell für diesen Kräftefall zu konzipierender Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylinder nötig, der sich aber entsprechend aufwendig gestaltet.Especially with the high printing speeds and the associated short periods of time (width of the channels) in which blanket cylinder 2 has to be turned off, high forces would have to be applied to turn off blanket cylinder 2, i.e. to move them away from the other printing cylinders (inertia of the mass). In addition, a force has to be overcome when the eccentric bush 4 is rotated from position A to position B according to FIG. 1, since the eccentric bush bearing presses the blanket cylinder 2 more strongly against plate cylinder 1 in this angular range (overpressure). In this angular range, the distance between the axes of plate cylinder 1 and blanket cylinder 2 is reduced. It would be special to apply these high forces at high printing speeds in the shortest possible time A three-point working cylinder to be designed for this type of force is necessary, but it is correspondingly complex.

Die Druckan- und -abstellvorrichtung nach Art der Erfindung vermeidet somit einen kompliziert aufgebauten, aufwendigen, damit auch teuren Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylinder und ermöglicht in einfacher Weise die Verwendung zweier gleichartiger, doppeltwirkender und mit Druckmittel beaufschlagbaren Arbeitszylinder. Darüberhinaus werden die sich aus dem Prinzip eines Drei-Punkt-Arbeitszylinders ergebenden Nachteile nicht nur vermieden, sondern durch die Vorteile einer Parallelschaltung ergänzt. Auch sei noch bemerkt, daß sich eine Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung besonders günstig auf das Bauvolumen auswirkt.The pressure starting and stopping device according to the type of the invention thus avoids a complicated, complex, and therefore also expensive three-point working cylinder and enables the use of two similar, double-acting and pressurized working cylinders in a simple manner. In addition, the disadvantages resulting from the principle of a three-point working cylinder are not only avoided, but also supplemented by the advantages of a parallel connection. It should also be noted that a device according to the invention has a particularly favorable effect on the construction volume.

Wie bereits weiter oben beschrieben, werden die Schaltzeitpunkte zum Druckan- und -abstellen für die Magnetventile von einer Schalteinrichtung bereitgestellt, die die Stellung der Druckwerkszylinder dahingehend erfaßt, daß das An- bzw. Abstellen des Gummizylinders 2 zum/vom Druck- und Plattenzylinder 3, 1 im Bereich der jeweils gegenüberliegenden Zylinderkanäle erfolgt. Die Schaltzeitpunkte können dabei so gewählt sein, daß jeweils bei Beginn der Kanalkorrespondenz, d.h. bei genüberstehenden Druckendbereichen von Gummi-, Druckzylinder 2, 3 bzw. Gummi-, Plattenzylinder 2, 1 die entsprechenden Magnetventile geschaltet werden.As already described above, the switching times for the pressure switching on and off for the solenoid valves are provided by a switching device which detects the position of the printing unit cylinders in such a way that the switching on and off of the rubber cylinder 2 to / from the printing and plate cylinder 3, 1 takes place in the area of the opposite cylinder channels. The switching times can be selected so that at the beginning of the channel correspondence, i.e. in the opposite pressure end areas of rubber, pressure cylinder 2, 3 or rubber, plate cylinder 2, 1, the corresponding solenoid valves are switched.

Da aber eine gewisse Tot- und Reaktionszeit vergeht, bis Druckmittel in die Arbeitskammern eingeströmt ist, sich der nötige Druck in der Arbeitskammer aufgebaut hat und dementsprechend der Kolben allmählich maximale Fahrgeschwindigkeit erreicht, wandert mit zunehmender Druckgeschwindigkeit der Zeitpunkt bei dem beispielsweise der Gummizylinder 2 vom Druckzylinder 3 abgestellt ist, in Richtung Druckanfang, d.h. er wird zum Ende des Kanalbereiches hin verschoben. Weitere Erhöhung der Druckgeschwindigkeit bewirkt ferner, daß der Gummizylinder 2 seine Endlage beispielsweise bezüglich dem Abstellen vom Druckzylinder 3 noch nicht erreicht hat, wenn die Kanäle nicht mehr korrespondieren und sich bereits Druckbereiche gegenüberstehen. Der Gummizylinder 2 würde somit am Druckanfang evtl. einen zu geringen Spalt zum Druckzylinder 3 einnehmen. Entsprechendes gilt für den Abstellvorgang Gummi-, Plattenzylinder 2, 1, sowie die Druckanstellvorgänge. Letztgenannter Effekt tritt gnau bei dem Drucktempo ein, wenn die Summe aus Tot- und Reaktionszeit gleich dem Zeitraum der Kanalkorrespondenz der Druckwerkszylinder ist.However, since a certain dead time and reaction time passes until pressure medium has flowed into the working chambers, the necessary pressure has built up in the working chamber and accordingly the piston gradually reaches maximum travel speed, the time at which, for example, the rubber cylinder 2 moves from the pressure cylinder increases with increasing pressure speed 3 is turned off in the direction of the start of printing, ie it is moved towards the end of the channel area. A further increase in the printing speed also has the effect that the rubber cylinder 2 has not yet reached its end position, for example with respect to the turning off of the printing cylinder 3, when the channels no longer correspond and printing areas are already opposed to one another. The rubber cylinder 2 would thus be at the start of printing possibly take up too little gap to the pressure cylinder 3. The same applies to the shutdown process rubber, plate cylinder 2, 1, and the pressure adjustment processes. The last-mentioned effect occurs precisely at the printing speed if the sum of the dead time and reaction time equals the period of the channel correspondence of the printing unit cylinders.

Die Summe aus Tot- und Reaktionszeit läßt sich durch entsprechend höhere Druckmittelbeaufschlagung, d.h. höhere Arbeitsdrucke vermeiden, bedingt dann aber eine kompliziertere, aufwendige und teuere Auslegung des inbesonders pneumatischen Systems.The sum of the dead and reaction times can be achieved by applying a correspondingly higher pressure medium, i.e. Avoid higher working pressures, but then requires a more complicated, complex and expensive design of the particularly pneumatic system.

In einem gewissen Grad läßt sich dies bei hohen Druckgeschwindigkeiten vermeiden, wenn, wie erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, die Schaltpunkte für die Magnetventile von der Schalteinrichtung nicht nur in Abhängigkeit der Stellung der Druckwerkszylinder zueinander, sondern auch in Abhängigkeit der Drehzahl gebildet werden. Die Schalteinrichtung erfaßt somit auch die Drehgeschwindigkeit der Druckmaschine, beispielsweise über ein Tachosignal oder der Ist-Drehzahl der Maschinen-Hauptantriebssteuerung und bildet entsprechend vorverlegte Schaltzeitpunkte. Bei langsamlaufender Maschine liegt der Schaltzeitpunkt für den enstprechenden An- bzw. Abstellvorgang beispielsweise zu Beginn der Kanalkorrespondenz, bei hohem Tempo wird er drehzahlproportional vorverlegt, d.h. er wird in den Bereich beispielsweise des noch auszudruckenden Bogens gelegt. So ist gewährleistet, daß das An- und Abstellen des Gummizylinders 2 stets im Kanalbereich erfolgt.To a certain extent, this can be avoided at high printing speeds if, as provided according to the invention, the switching points for the solenoid valves are formed by the switching device not only as a function of the position of the printing unit cylinders relative to one another, but also as a function of the speed. The switching device thus also detects the speed of rotation of the printing press, for example via a tachometer signal or the actual speed of the machine main drive control, and forms correspondingly advanced switching times. When the machine is running slowly, the switching time for the corresponding switching on or off is at the beginning of the channel correspondence, for example, at high speed it is brought forward in proportion to the speed, i.e. it is placed in the area of, for example, the sheet still to be printed. This ensures that the rubber cylinder 2 is always switched on and off in the channel area.

Der drehzahl- bzw. druckgeschwindigkeitsabhängige Vorschaltwinkel kann dabei drehzahlproportional aber auch nach einer empirisch ermittelten Kennlinie gewählt sein. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung einer Schalteinrichtung reduziert den konstruktionstechnischen Aufwand einer Vorrichtung zur Druckan- und -abstellung nach Art der Erfindung somit zusätzlich.The speed-dependent or printing-speed-dependent ballast angle can be selected in proportion to the speed, but also according to an empirically determined characteristic curve. Such a configuration of a switching device thus additionally reduces the constructional complexity of a device for switching on and off the pressure according to the type of the invention.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
PlattenzylinderPlate cylinder
22nd
GummizylinderRubber cylinder
33rd
DruckzylinderImpression cylinder
44th
ExzenterbuchseEccentric bushing
55
Augeeye
66
GelenkbolzenHinge pin
77
LascheTab
88th
GelenkbolzenHinge pin
99
AbrückhebelRelease lever
1313
AbrückwelleBreakaway wave
1111
Hebellever
1212th
GelenkbolzenHinge pin
1313
LascheTab
1414
LascheTab
1515
GelenkbolzenHinge pin
1616
GelenkbolzenHinge pin
1717th
DruckbeistellhebelPressure control lever
1818th
Bolzenbolt
1919th
SpindelmutterSpindle nut
2020th
StellspindelAdjusting spindle
21.B21.B
ArbeitszylinderWorking cylinder
21.C21.C
ArbeitszylinderWorking cylinder
2222
SchwenkaugeSwivel eye
23.B23.B
KolbenstangePiston rod
23.C23.C
KolbenstangePiston rod
2424th
GelenkbolzenHinge pin
2525th
GelenkbolzenHinge pin
2626
KoppelPaddock
2727
GelenkbolzenHinge pin

Claims (5)

  1. Device for print throw on and throw off of a blanket cylinder in the printing unit of a offset sheet printing press wherein the blanket cylinder is mounted for throwing on and off relative to the plate and impression cylinder on both sides in eccentric bushes, the eccentric bushes are swivellable by means of a toggle lever drive supported on a counterbearing and pivoted to the toggle lever drive are adjusting means actuatable on subjecting to a pressure medium, characterised in that the adjusting means consists of two double acting working cylinders (21.B, 21.C) supported fixed to the framework and arranged in parallel, the piston rods (23.B, 23.C) of which are pivotally connected with a yoke (26) and yoke (26) is connected via a pivot pin (27) with the link (13) of the toggle lever drive constituted by the links (13, 14) and that the working cylinders (21.B, 21.C) can be subjected to a pressure medium for print throw on individually sequentially and for print throw off both individually sequentially and also simultaneously.
  2. Device according to claim 1 characterised in that the pivot pins (16) forming the counterbearing of the toggle lever drive formed from links (13, 14) is seated on a pressure adjustment lever (17) mounted about a pin (18) fixed to the frame, this is swivellable to change the pressure adjustment between blanket and impression cylinder (2, 3) by means of a spindle nut (19) and adjusting spindle (20), that link (13) engages via pivot pin (12) on the lever (11) of a throw off shaft (10) and this is pivoted at both ends of the blanket cylinder (2) via throw off lever, link (7) to which eyes (5) installed on the eccentric bush (9) is pivoted.
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2 characterised in that the double acting working cylinder (21.B, 21.C) is constructed as two similar pneumatic cylinders which can be subjected to compressed air and the compressed air feed to the corresponding working chambers of the working cylinders (21.B, 21.C) results via electrically controllable magnetic valves.
  4. Device according to claim 3 characterised in that to prepare the switching time points for the magnetic valves a switching device is provided which is constructed such that the position of the printing unit cylinders and also the print speed (rotational speed) are sensed and with increasing print speed as well as in dependence on this the switching time points are advanced in the direction of rotation of the printing unit cylinders in such a fashion so that at any printing speed the throwing on or off of the blanket cylinder (2) on to or away from the impression or plate cylinders (3, 1) takes place in the region of the cylinder channels.
  5. Device according to claim 4 characterised in that the switching device is so constructed that the switching time points are advanced proportionally relative to the print speed or following an empirically determined characteristic.
EP91105527A 1990-04-25 1991-04-08 Device for applying and withdrawing a blanket cylinder in the printing unit of a sheet-fed offset printing machine Expired - Lifetime EP0453850B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91105527T ATE101081T1 (en) 1990-04-25 1991-04-08 DEVICE FOR TURNING ON AND STOPPING A RUBBER CYLINDER IN THE PRINT UNIT OF A SHEET OFFSET PRESS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4013075 1990-04-25
DE4013075A DE4013075C1 (en) 1990-04-25 1990-04-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0453850A1 EP0453850A1 (en) 1991-10-30
EP0453850B1 true EP0453850B1 (en) 1994-02-02

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EP91105527A Expired - Lifetime EP0453850B1 (en) 1990-04-25 1991-04-08 Device for applying and withdrawing a blanket cylinder in the printing unit of a sheet-fed offset printing machine

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US5167187A (en)
EP (1) EP0453850B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2624583B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE101081T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4013075C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2050007T3 (en)

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US5272975A (en) * 1990-04-25 1993-12-28 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Throw-on/throw-off device for a blanket cylinder with a printing speed dependent control system for a sheet-fed offset press
DE4034323C2 (en) * 1990-10-29 1997-12-04 Kba Planeta Ag Pressure on and off device
JP2585995Y2 (en) * 1992-10-01 1998-11-25 株式会社小森コーポレーション Body attachment / detachment device
NL9302062A (en) * 1993-11-29 1995-06-16 Drent H H Maschf Bv Offset printing machine.
DE4407631C1 (en) * 1994-03-08 1995-10-19 Roland Man Druckmasch Method for starting / restarting the production run in a sheet-processing printing machine, in particular sheet-fed offset printing machine
DE19513378A1 (en) * 1995-04-08 1996-10-10 Roland Man Druckmasch Device for printing on and off
DE19543494C1 (en) * 1995-11-22 1997-05-15 Roland Man Druckmasch Adjustment device for printing unit cylinders
DE10066156B4 (en) * 1999-11-23 2005-11-17 Koenig & Bauer Ag Shaft for synchronizing a positioning movement
DE10014040B4 (en) * 1999-11-23 2005-07-21 Koenig & Bauer Ag Shaft for synchronizing a positioning movement
DE10057051B4 (en) * 1999-12-06 2011-03-10 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Method for starting a printing press
DE10052354B4 (en) * 2000-10-21 2004-08-26 Koenig & Bauer Ag Device for printing on and off a blanket cylinder to form a plate cylinder and an impression cylinder
DE10055278A1 (en) * 2000-11-08 2002-05-23 Koenig & Bauer Ag Device for duplication-free pressure switching
JP4370087B2 (en) * 2002-10-31 2009-11-25 リョービ株式会社 Support structure for offset printing machine blanket cylinder
DE10304495B4 (en) * 2003-02-05 2015-04-16 Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft Method and arrangement for the synchronization of a single electric drive
JP4603811B2 (en) * 2003-07-25 2010-12-22 ハイデルベルガー ドルツクマシーネン アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト Device for supplying and / or discharging a plate to a printing press
ITBO20030627A1 (en) * 2003-10-23 2005-04-24 Gd Spa PRINTING UNIT OF A TAPE FOR AN AUTOMATIC MACHINE.
EP1769914B1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2012-08-01 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG Film transfer device
US20080279587A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2008-11-13 Soenke Dehn Digital multi-color printing machine
DE102008010009A1 (en) 2008-02-20 2009-08-27 Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft Device for print positioning and print retraction of blanket cylinder to plate cylinder and impression cylinder, has eccentric blanket cylinder support with adjusting unit for engaging and disengaging blanket cylinder
DE102008045428A1 (en) * 2008-09-02 2010-03-04 Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft Sheet fed printing press, has machine control for determining contact pressure value from actual value of distance of casing surface of rubber and lacquer form cylinders to casing surface of pneumatic cylinders
JP2013240986A (en) * 2012-04-27 2013-12-05 Komori Corp Liquid transfer device, and liquid transfer method
DE102014116074A1 (en) 2014-11-04 2016-05-04 manroland sheetfed GmbH Control for sheetfed presses
DE102018206126A1 (en) * 2018-04-20 2019-10-24 Koenig & Bauer Ag Sheetfed
DE102021112079A1 (en) 2021-05-10 2022-11-10 Koenig & Bauer Ag Sheet-fed printing press with at least one printing unit and a method for setting the print on and/or print-off of rotary driven cylinders having cylinder channels of a printing unit of a sheet-fed printing press
DE102021112080A1 (en) 2021-05-10 2022-11-10 Koenig & Bauer Ag Method for operating a sheet-fed printing machine with at least one printing unit

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0453850A1 (en) 1991-10-30
JP2624583B2 (en) 1997-06-25
ATE101081T1 (en) 1994-02-15
ES2050007T3 (en) 1994-05-01
JPH04226354A (en) 1992-08-17
US5167187A (en) 1992-12-01
DE59100976D1 (en) 1994-03-17
DE4013075C1 (en) 1991-06-20

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