EP0452769A1 - Monitoring printing and cutting quality in a production plant for making packages - Google Patents
Monitoring printing and cutting quality in a production plant for making packages Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0452769A1 EP0452769A1 EP91105523A EP91105523A EP0452769A1 EP 0452769 A1 EP0452769 A1 EP 0452769A1 EP 91105523 A EP91105523 A EP 91105523A EP 91105523 A EP91105523 A EP 91105523A EP 0452769 A1 EP0452769 A1 EP 0452769A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- window
- waste
- printing
- marks
- image
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
- B41F33/0081—Devices for scanning register marks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D5/007—Control means comprising cameras, vision or image processing systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B31B50/006—Controlling; Regulating; Measuring; Improving safety
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/141—With means to monitor and control operation [e.g., self-regulating means]
- Y10T83/148—Including means to correct the sensed operation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/162—With control means responsive to replaceable or selectable information program
- Y10T83/166—Removable element carries program
- Y10T83/169—Indeterminate length, web or strand
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/525—Operation controlled by detector means responsive to work
- Y10T83/541—Actuation of tool controlled in response to work-sensing means
- Y10T83/543—Sensing means responsive to work indicium or irregularity
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a method and a device for controlling the quality of printing and cutting in a train of machines working with strip or sheet material with a view, for example, to the production of packaging.
- the production of packaging for example cardboard, corrugated or not, goes through at least three successive phases: printing, cutting and folding-gluing.
- the quality of the final product therefore depends on the quality of each phase taken individually.
- the present invention essentially relates to the control of the quality of printing and cutting.
- the printing control has been carried out visually after the printing machine, for example by flexography, that is to say that a person instructed on the requirements for the quality of printing can, after a fairly large practice, have enough knowledge, experience and skill to be able, after a quick look at the printing of different colors that has just been done in groups correspondents of a printing machine, to make a judgment on the quality of the printing, that is to say to decide whether or not the printing examined is acceptable.
- the printing machine continues its production which will be sent to the next phase, that is to say cutting; if the printing is not acceptable, the operator of the printing machine will be informed and will bring to the control of the printing machine the modifications necessary to correct the printing defect (s). It is recalled here that the printing can be done while the material is in the form of a continuous strip or in the form of successive sheets which pass.
- the quality control of the cutting is also carried out essentially visually and in the same way as the control of the printing, i.e. if, in the opinion of the operator or other qualified person, the value of the distance between the edge of a pose and the start of its printing is located within an order of magnitude given a priori, the cutting machine continues its production which will be routed, for example, to the folding phase- collage; if this is not the case, the operator will take the measures necessary to correct the positioning of the blank relative to the print.
- Figure 1 shows a machine comprising an introduction station 1, cutting 2, ejecting 3 (waste) and receiving 4 (poses or sides).
- the front edge of a sheet F taken from the package 5 is introduced into a clamp bar 6 moved by a chain of chains 7.
- the sheet F is then transported through the various work stations 2, 3, 4.
- the receiving station 4 only the waste remains on the gripper bar 6 front Df of sheet F.
- the front waste Df, removed from the clamp bar 6 in a place located on the return from the top of the chain train 7, will be removed from the machine by means of a conveyor belt 8. It it is recalled that each of these operations is carried out at a stop of the gripper bars 6.
- a camera 10 is provided placed above and in front of the front waste Df.
- FIG. 2 shows the part of the front waste Df located opposite and around the field of vision of the camera 10. At this stop, the waste Df is therefore held in place by clips 6a of the bar 6.
- the clips 6a are in taken with the extreme front edge B1 of the waste Df, this front edge B1 being opposite to that B2 formed by the line of separation S, that is to say of cutting, between the waste Df and the corresponding laying (not shown) , in other words by the shape of the cutting threads mounted on the cutting press.
- This dividing line S is not straight over the entire length of the waste Df, but is also composed of parts S1, S2 forming an angle between them, for example 90 °. Thereafter, two non-successive aligned parts S1, S2 will be designated by the term "cutout D".
- each mark corresponding to one of the five printing groups of a flexographic printing machine.
- Each R1-R5 mark therefore corresponds to a color.
- a number greater than or less than five brands can of course be envisaged.
- the camera therefore has the function of simultaneously reading the five marks R1-R5 and the cutout D when the waste Df is stopped; at each reading, the waste Df is lit by means of a flash, the control of which is synchronized with that of the cutting.
- the flash makes it possible to reduce as much as possible the ambient causes of error or inaccuracy of reading, such as, for example, the vibration of the waste Df in the direction of the chain of chains 7.
- the flash can be replaced by a continuous lighting with controlled exposure time.
- the computer unit is connected to the control panel of the "MACHINE ELECTRIC CONSOLE” machine using two supply lines at + 24 V and 0 V, a read command line “TOP LECTURE", d 'a line called “STOP MACHINE” allowing to interrupt the introduction of the sheets or to stop the cutting press, of a line making it possible to control an "intermediate system” when a fault is detected by the machine in order to facilitate sorting the operator.
- These 5 lines pass through a "MACHINE INTERFACE” element which has the function of realize the interface between the machine and the control unit.
- This front waste Dfm comprising the printed marks R1m-R5m and a cutout Dm, is chosen as follows: from the first printed sheets of a series and which leave the printing machine (not shown, but which, in the train of machines for packaging production, is before the cutting machine), is chosen, by a qualified and experienced person, a sheet F "model", that is to say satisfying very particularly the qualities of impression. It is also checked whether the five marks R1-R5 for locating colors are present and at the desired location, that is to say if each has actually been printed by the corresponding printing group.
- the “model” sheet is then introduced into the cutting machine and through its various stations 1-4.
- this first "model” sheet is stopped under the camera 10, the latter is positioned so that the assembly called "target” and constituted by the five marks R1m-R5m and the cut Dm of the "model” waste Dfm is positioned in the field of vision of the camera 10.
- the control device allows, from a main menu screen "MAIN MENU”, to choose, by means of the functional keys, to call submenus (see for example Figures 7 to 11).
- the operation or the scene of locating the reference target in the field of vision of the camera 10 is visible in the form of an active image on the screen of the control unit.
- a distance or a rimpedement of the camera 10 with respect to the waste Dfm can also contribute to the location of the "target”.
- the operator or other qualified person, is therefore also able to visually check on the screen "A" if the Dm cutout meets the conditions required for its position relative to that of the brands R1m-R5m. If this is not the case, a lateral displacement of the reading unit (camera + flash) is carried out so that the printing and cutting marks are positioned inside the field of vision of the camera.
- the quality control process involves a comparison of the position of the marks R1m-R5m and the cut Dm of the model Dfm waste with that of the marks R1-R5 and the cut D of a waste Df called “sample” resulting from the machine during production
- the control device makes it possible to calculate and memorize the position of the marks R1m-R5m and of the cutout Dm in the field of vision of the camera.
- the control unit is equipped with means allowing the opening, in the field of vision, of the first two spaces, called “windows” in which the probability of finding the marks R1m-R5m, or the Dm cutout, is the greatest.
- This method of detecting and measuring position using a "window” is relatively well known in the technical field of image processing, a field to which it is possible to refer here for further information, since the present method of quality control uses it extensively.
- the control device allows, while the marks R1m-R5m and the cutout Dm are visible on the screen "A”, using the "TRACKBALL” to position, move, center and size a first window called “PRINT WINDOW” centered on all five brands R1m-R5m, and a second window relating to the Dm cut and called “CUT WINDOW”.
- PRINT WINDOW a first window centered on all five brands R1m-R5m
- CUT WINDOW a second window relating to the Dm cut and called "CUT WINDOW.
- the cut Dm is taken at a characteristic location, comprising a lateral cut S1 and a longitudinal cut S2; indeed, such a cut Dm, formed by two lines S1, S2 forming an angle between them, for example of 90 °, is detected and measured with much more speed, precision and reliability than another part of the line of cutting S being in the form of a simple straight line.
- search windows are also automatically determined by the system, namely 5 search windows relating to printing known as "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW", that is to say one window for each R1m mark. -R5m, and a search window relating to the so-called “CUT SEARCH WINDOW” cutout, as shown in FIG. 3 in which are shown, on an enlarged scale (for reasons of clarity) the Dm cutout and the five brands R1m -R5m relating to the Dfm model.
- the "CUT SEARCH WINDOW” window is represented centered on the Dm model cutout and a "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW” window is represented on each R1m-R5m mark.
- control unit also makes it possible to maintain statistical control of all the main results (see Figure 11), control which makes it possible to define the moment from which, for example, an alarm signal, visual or audible, must be transmitted to the operator ( Figure 10).
- Screen "A” ( Figure 8) includes an active image of a view of the marks and the cutting of a sample.
- the "B1" screen (figure 9) displays the parameters and results of each check.
- the screen "B2" (figure 10) is that relating to the alarm.
- Screen “C” gives an image of the marks and the breakdown of the "sample” waste (“SAMPLE”) simultaneously with those of the reference waste (“STANDARD").
- the "scrolling" concerning the alarm triggering level or the machine stop is within the limits of 1 to 200 in steps of 1.
- the computer unit can keep in non-volatile memory the last parameters used for the definition of a program, as well as those of the windows. These parameters will be the default values used during the next power up.
- the method described above can also provide a warning signal and / or an alarm signal during production after a predetermined number of sheets exhibiting an out of tolerance defect.
- These signals can be used to warn the operator, by optical or acoustic means, either to act directly on the machine by stopping production, or to mark the waste Df by any means such as ink, label, etc. .etc, or by activating an automatic waste ejection device.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
- Image Analysis (AREA)
- General Factory Administration (AREA)
- Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
- Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé et un dispositif de contrôle de qualité de l'impression et du découpage dans un train de machines travaillant de la matière en bande ou feuilles en vue, par exemple, de la production d'emballages.The subject of the present invention is a method and a device for controlling the quality of printing and cutting in a train of machines working with strip or sheet material with a view, for example, to the production of packaging.
La production d'emballages, par exemple en carton, ondulé ou non, passe par au moins trois phases successives : l'impression, le découpage et le pliage-collage. La qualité du produit final dépend donc de la qualité de chaque phase prise individuellement.The production of packaging, for example cardboard, corrugated or not, goes through at least three successive phases: printing, cutting and folding-gluing. The quality of the final product therefore depends on the quality of each phase taken individually.
La présente invention a essentiellement trait au contrôle de la qualité de l'impression et du découpage. Jusqu'à ce jour, le contrôle de l'impression a été effectué de manière visuelle après la machine d'impression, par exemple par flexographie, c'est-à-dire qu'une personne instruite au sujet des exigences requises quant à la qualité de l'impression peut, après une pratique assez grande, avoir suffisamment de connaissance, d'expérience et d'habilité pour être à même, après un rapide regard sur l'impression des différentes couleurs qui vient d'être effectuée dans les groupes correspondants d'une machine d'impression, de porter un jugement sur la qualité de l'impression, c'est-à-dire de décider si oui ou non l'impression examinée est acceptable. Si l'impression est acceptable, la machine d'impression continue sa production qui va être acheminée vers la phase suivante, c'est-à-dire de découpage; si l'impression n'est pas acceptable, l'opérateur de la machine d'impression en sera informé et apportera à la commande de la machine d'impression les modifications nécessaires à la correction du ou des défaut(s) d'impression. Il est ici rappelé que l'impression peut être faite alors que la matière est sous la forme d'une bande continue ou sous forme de feuilles successives qui défilent.The present invention essentially relates to the control of the quality of printing and cutting. Until now, the printing control has been carried out visually after the printing machine, for example by flexography, that is to say that a person instructed on the requirements for the quality of printing can, after a fairly large practice, have enough knowledge, experience and skill to be able, after a quick look at the printing of different colors that has just been done in groups correspondents of a printing machine, to make a judgment on the quality of the printing, that is to say to decide whether or not the printing examined is acceptable. If the printing is acceptable, the printing machine continues its production which will be sent to the next phase, that is to say cutting; if the printing is not acceptable, the operator of the printing machine will be informed and will bring to the control of the printing machine the modifications necessary to correct the printing defect (s). It is recalled here that the printing can be done while the material is in the form of a continuous strip or in the form of successive sheets which pass.
Le contrôle de qualité du découpage est aussi effectué essentiellement visuellement et de la même manière que le contrôle de l'impression, c'est à dire que si, de l'avis de l'opérateur ou autre personne qualifiée, la valeur de la distance entre le bord d'une pose et le début de son impression se situe à l'intérieur d'un ordre de grandeur donné à priori, la machine de découpage continue sa production qui va être acheminée, par exemple, vers la phase de pliage-collage; si ce n'est pas le cas, l'opérateur prendra les mesures nécessaires à la correction du positionnement de la découpe par rapport à l'impression.The quality control of the cutting is also carried out essentially visually and in the same way as the control of the printing, i.e. if, in the opinion of the operator or other qualified person, the value of the distance between the edge of a pose and the start of its printing is located within an order of magnitude given a priori, the cutting machine continues its production which will be routed, for example, to the folding phase- collage; if this is not the case, the operator will take the measures necessary to correct the positioning of the blank relative to the print.
Des considérations ci-dessus, il ressort les inconvénients suivants :
- le contrôle ne peut pas être permanent;
- seule une personne qualifiée et expérimentée peut effectuer les contrôles en question;
- le contrôle n'est pas fiable, c'est-à-dire qu'il y a grand risque d'erreur de jugement dû au manque de critères objectifs quant à la qualité de l'impression ou du découpage, risque qui peut être accentué par la fatigue de la personne;
- la personne de contrôle n'a pas les moyens de réaliser aisément un contrôle statistique de qualité, c'est-à-dire de tenir en cours de production un décompte du nombre de feuilles satisfaisant à certains critères de qualité relatifs soit à l'impression, soit au découpage, par exemple un contrôle centralisé, simple et simultané des quatre principaux types de contrôle de qualité qui seront décrits par la suite relatifs à l'impression et au découpage dans un train de machines de fabrication d'emballages;
- enfin, un tel contrôle est lassant, répétitif et très fatiguant.
- control cannot be permanent;
- only a qualified and experienced person can carry out the checks in question;
- the control is not reliable, that is to say that there is a great risk of error in judgment due to the lack of objective criteria as to the quality of printing or cutting, a risk which can be accentuated by the fatigue of the person;
- the control person does not have the means to easily carry out a statistical quality control, that is to say to keep during production a count of the number of sheets satisfying certain quality criteria relating to either printing , is cutting, for example a centralized, simple and simultaneous control of the four main types of quality control which will be described below relating to printing and cutting in a train of packaging manufacturing machines;
- finally, such control is tiresome, repetitive and very tiring.
La présente invention a pour but d'éliminer les inconvénients ci-dessus. Ce but est atteint grâce à un procédé selon la revendication 1 et un dispositif selon la revendication 6. En vue de faciliter la compréhension de l'invention, il sera maintenant décrit un mode de réalisation de l'invention en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel :
- la figure 1 montre une vue d'ensemble sous forme de schéma d'une machine de découpage complétée par un schéma bloc des principaux éléments relatifs au contrôle de qualité de l'impression et du découpage;
- la figure 2 montre partiellement un déchet frontal provenant d'une machine de découpage et muni de marques de repérage de couleurs;
- les figures 3 à 6 montrent des schémas de variations de position des marques de repérage;
- les figures 7 à 11 montrent le contenu de différents écrans destinés à l'opérateur du procédé.
- FIG. 1 shows an overall view in the form of a diagram of a cutting machine supplemented by a block diagram of the main elements relating to the quality control of printing and cutting;
- FIG. 2 partially shows a frontal waste coming from a cutting machine and provided with color marking marks;
- FIGS. 3 to 6 show diagrams of variations in the position of the registration marks;
- Figures 7 to 11 show the content of different screens intended for the process operator.
La figure 1 montre une machine comprenant une station d'introduction 1, de découpage 2, d'éjection 3 (de déchets) et de réception 4 (de poses ou flancs). En résumé, le bord frontal d'une feuille F prise du paquet 5 est introduite dans une barre à pinces 6 déplacée par un train de chaînes 7. La feuille F est ensuite transportée au travers des diverses stations de travail 2, 3, 4. Après la station de réception 4, seul subsiste sur la barre à pinces 6 le déchet frontal Df de la feuille F. Le déchet frontal Df, ôté de la barre à pinces 6 dans un endroit situé sur le retour par le haut du train de chaînes 7, sera évacué de la machine au moyen d'un tapis roulant 8. Il est rappelé que chacune de ces opérations est effectuée à un arrêt des barres à pinces 6.Figure 1 shows a machine comprising an
A un arrêt de la barre à pinces 6 situé après la station de réception 4, mais avant l'arrêt de l'évacuation du déchet frontal Df, est prévue une caméra 10 placée au-dessus et en face du déchet frontal Df.At a stop of the gripper bar 6 situated after the
La figure 2 montre la partie du déchet frontal Df située en face et autour du champ de vision de la caméra 10. A cet arrêt, le déchet Df est donc maintenu en place par des pinces 6a de la barre 6. Les pinces 6a sont en prise avec le bord extrême frontal B1 du déchet Df, ce bord frontal B1 étant opposé à celui B2 constitué par la ligne de séparation S, c'est-à-dire de découpage, entre le déchet Df et la pose correspondante (non représentée), en d'autres termes par la forme des filets coupeurs montés sur la presse de découpage. Cette ligne de séparation S n'est pas droite sur toute la longueur du déchet Df, mais est aussi composée de parties S1, S2 formant entre elles un angle, par exemple 90°. Par la suite, deux parties alignées non successives S1, S2 seront désignées par le terme "découpe D".FIG. 2 shows the part of the front waste Df located opposite and around the field of vision of the
A proximité immédiate de la découpe D ont été imprimées, de façon connue, cinq marques de repérage de couleur R1-R5, chaque marque correspondant à un des cinq groupes imprimeurs d'une machine d'impression par flexographie. Chaque marque R1-R5 correspond donc à une couleur. Un nombre supérieur ou inférieur à cinq marques peut bien sûr être envisagé.In the immediate vicinity of cutout D, five color reference marks R1-R5 have been printed in a known manner, each mark corresponding to one of the five printing groups of a flexographic printing machine. Each R1-R5 mark therefore corresponds to a color. A number greater than or less than five brands can of course be envisaged.
Pour que la caméra 10 puisse lire les marques R1-R5 avec suffisamment de précision, de sûreté et de rapidité, les conditions suivantes doivent, de préférence, être remplies :
- les marques R1-R5 sont alignées sur le milieu longitudinal du déchet Df;
- les carrés et rectangles ne sont pas autorisés pour les marques R1-R5;
- entre chaque marque R1-R5 un écart minimum e de 3 mm est requis;
- la distance minimale entre chaque marque R1-R5 et les deux bords longitudinaux du déchet Df est de 5 mm;
- chaque marque R1-R5 a une hauteur h et largeur l de 3 à 6 mm;
- la disposition des cinq marques R1-R5 par rapport à la découpe D doit être telle qu'elles se trouvent toutes (c'est-à-dire marques et découpe) dans un unique champ de vision de la
caméra 10; - à l'endroit de la découpe D il est utile de prévoir un arrière-fond qui la mette nettement en contraste de manière à faciliter la lecture au moyen de la
caméra 10; et - la
caméra 10 doit, de préférence, être montée légèrement déplaçable dans le sens longitudinal du déchet Df pour qu'elle puisse être positionnée exactement en face des marques R1-R5 et de la découpe D. Une telle caméra 10 a une profondeur de champ de ± 2 mm et une distance de 350 mm par rapport à l'objet.
- the marks R1-R5 are aligned on the longitudinal middle of the waste Df;
- squares and rectangles are not allowed for the R1-R5 marks;
- between each R1-R5 mark a minimum gap e of 3 mm is required;
- the minimum distance between each mark R1-R5 and the two longitudinal edges of the waste Df is 5 mm;
- each mark R1-R5 has a height h and width l of 3 to 6 mm;
- the arrangement of the five marks R1-R5 with respect to the cut D must be such that they are all (that is to say, marks and cut) in a single field of vision of the
camera 10; - at the location of the cutout D it is useful to provide a background which brings it into sharp contrast so as to facilitate reading by means of the
camera 10; and - the
camera 10 should preferably be mounted slightly movable in the longitudinal direction of the waste Df so that it can be positioned exactly opposite the marks R1-R5 and the cutout D. Such acamera 10 has a depth of field of ± 2 mm and a distance of 350 mm from the object.
La caméra a donc pour fonction de lire simultanément les cinq marques R1-R5 et la découpe D lorsque le déchet Df est à l'arrêt; à chaque lecture, le déchet Df est éclairé au moyen d'un flash dont la commande est synchronisée avec celle de la machine de découpage. Le flash permet de diminuer au maximum les causes ambiantes d'erreur ou d'imprécision de lecture, telles que, par exemple, la vibration du déchet Df dans le sens du train de chaînes 7. Le flash peut être remplacé par un éclairage continu à temps d'exposition contrôlé.The camera therefore has the function of simultaneously reading the five marks R1-R5 and the cutout D when the waste Df is stopped; at each reading, the waste Df is lit by means of a flash, the control of which is synchronized with that of the cutting. The flash makes it possible to reduce as much as possible the ambient causes of error or inaccuracy of reading, such as, for example, the vibration of the waste Df in the direction of the chain of
Comme cela est montré dans la figure 1, à l'unité de lecture désignée par "CAMERA-FLASH" est associé une unité informatique comprenant :
- des moyens de traitement d'image "IMAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM";
- des moyens de dialogue avec l'opérateur "OPERATOR INTERFACE" effectué à l'aide d'un moniteur "MONITOR" et d'un petit panneau de contrôle muni des touches de fonction de la "TRACKBALL" telles que "STORE", "SELECT" et "STOP" et de quelques touches optionnelles (non représentées). Comme on le verra par la suite, des messages "MESSAGE" propres à l'utilisation du système peuvent être visualisés au bas de l'écran afin de guider l'opérateur. La "TRACKBALL" peut aussi être remplacée par d'autres moyens de dialogue opérateur-machine, tel que "souris".
- image processing means "IMAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM";
- means of dialogue with the operator "OPERATOR INTERFACE" carried out using a "MONITOR" monitor and a small control panel provided with "TRACKBALL" function keys such as "STORE", "SELECT "and" STOP "and some optional keys (not shown). As will be seen below, "MESSAGE" messages specific to the use of the system can be viewed at the bottom of the screen to guide the operator. The "TRACKBALL" can also be replaced by other means of operator-machine dialogue, such as "mouse".
L'unité informatique est reliée au tableau de commande de la machine "MACHINE ELECTRIC CONSOLE" à l'aide de deux lignes d'alimentation à + 24 V et 0 V, d'une ligne de commande de lecture "TOP LECTURE", d'une ligne dite "STOP MACHINE" permettant d'interrompre l'introduction des feuilles ou d'arrêter la presse de découpage, d'une ligne permettant de piloter un "système intercalaire" lorsqu'un défaut est détecté par la machine afin de faciliter le tri de l'opérateur. Ces 5 lignes passent au travers d'un élement "MACHINE INTERFACE" qui a pour fonction de réaliser l'interface entre la machine et l'unité de contrôle.The computer unit is connected to the control panel of the "MACHINE ELECTRIC CONSOLE" machine using two supply lines at + 24 V and 0 V, a read command line "TOP LECTURE", d 'a line called "STOP MACHINE" allowing to interrupt the introduction of the sheets or to stop the cutting press, of a line making it possible to control an "intermediate system" when a fault is detected by the machine in order to facilitate sorting the operator. These 5 lines pass through a "MACHINE INTERFACE" element which has the function of realize the interface between the machine and the control unit.
Dans une première phase d'apprentissage, dite "TEACHING", du contrôle de qualité, au moyen de l'unité de lecture "CAMERA-FLASH" et de l'unité informatique "IMAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM", il est possible de lire et de mémoriser les marques R1m-R5m et la découpe Dm d'un déchet frontal dit "modèle de référence Dfm", c'est-à-dire satisfaisant tous les critères de qualité imposés pour la production.In a first learning phase, called "TEACHING", of quality control, by means of the "CAMERA-FLASH" reading unit and the "IMAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM" computer unit, it is possible to read and memorize the marks R1m-R5m and the cutting Dm of a frontal waste called "reference model Dfm", that is to say satisfying all the quality criteria imposed for production.
Ce déchet frontal Dfm, comportant les marques imprimées R1m-R5m et une découpe Dm, est choisi de la manière suivante : parmi les premières feuilles imprimées d'une série et qui sortent de la machine d'impression (non représentée, mais qui, dans le train de machines pour production d'emballages, se trouve avant la machine de découpage), est choisie, par une personne qualifiée et expérimentée, une feuille F "modèle", c'est-à-dire satisfaisant tout particulièrement aux qualités d'impression. Il est aussi vérifié si les cinq marques R1-R5 de repérage de couleurs sont présentes et à l'endroit souhaité, c'est-à-dire si chacune a été réellement imprimée par le groupe imprimeur correspondant.This front waste Dfm, comprising the printed marks R1m-R5m and a cutout Dm, is chosen as follows: from the first printed sheets of a series and which leave the printing machine (not shown, but which, in the train of machines for packaging production, is before the cutting machine), is chosen, by a qualified and experienced person, a sheet F "model", that is to say satisfying very particularly the qualities of impression. It is also checked whether the five marks R1-R5 for locating colors are present and at the desired location, that is to say if each has actually been printed by the corresponding printing group.
La feuille "modèle" est ensuite introduite dans la machine de découpage et au travers de ses diverses stations 1-4. Quand cette première feuille "modèle" est à l'arrêt sous la caméra 10, cette dernière est positionnée de manière que l'ensemble nommé "cible" et constitué par les cinq marques R1m-R5m et la découpe Dm du déchet "modèle" Dfm soit positionné dans le champ de vision de la caméra 10. Pour faciliter cette mise en place de la lecture, le dispositif de contrôle permet, à partir d'un écran menu principal "MAIN MENU", de choisir, au moyen des touches fonctionnelles, d'appeler des sous-menus (voir pour exemple les figures 7 à 11). Aussi, l'opération ou la scène de localisation de la cible de référence dans le champ de vision de la caméra 10 est visible sous forme d'image active sur l'écran de l'unité de contrôle. Lors de l'installation du système, un éloignement ou un rapprochement de la caméra 10 par rapport au déchet Dfm peut aussi contribuer à la localisation de la "cible".The "model" sheet is then introduced into the cutting machine and through its various stations 1-4. When this first "model" sheet is stopped under the
Durant cette première phase "TEACHING", l'opérateur, ou autre personne qualifiée, est donc aussi en mesure de contrôler visuellement sur l'écran "A" si la découpe Dm satisfait aux conditions requises quant à sa position par rapport à celle des marques R1m-R5m. Si cela n'est pas le cas, un déplacement latéral de l'unité de lecture (caméra + flash) est effectué afin que les marques d'impression et de découpe soient positionnées à l'intérieur du champ de vision de la caméra.During this first "TEACHING" phase, the operator, or other qualified person, is therefore also able to visually check on the screen "A" if the Dm cutout meets the conditions required for its position relative to that of the brands R1m-R5m. If this is not the case, a lateral displacement of the reading unit (camera + flash) is carried out so that the printing and cutting marks are positioned inside the field of vision of the camera.
Etant donné, comme on le verra par la suite, que le procédé de contrôle de qualité passe par une comparaison de la position des marques R1m-R5m et de la découpe Dm du déchet modèle Dfm avec celle des marques R1-R5 et de la découpe D d'un déchet Df dit "échantillon" résultant de la machine en cours de production, il est nécessaire que le dispositif de contrôle permette de calculer et mémoriser la position des marques R1m-R5m et de la découpe Dm dans le champ de vision de la caméra. Dans ce but, l'unité de contrôle est équipée des moyens autorisant l'ouverture, dans le champ de vision, de deux premiers espaces, nommés "fenêtres" dans lesquels la probabilité de trouver les marques R1m-R5m, ou la découpe Dm, est la plus grande. Ce procédé de détection et mesure de position à l'aide de "fenêtre" est relativement bien connu dans le domaine technique du traitement d'image, domaine auquel il est possible ici de se reférer pour de plus amples informations, puisque le présent procédé de contrôle de qualité y fait abondamment recours.Given, as we will see later, that the quality control process involves a comparison of the position of the marks R1m-R5m and the cut Dm of the model Dfm waste with that of the marks R1-R5 and the cut D of a waste Df called "sample" resulting from the machine during production, it is necessary that the control device makes it possible to calculate and memorize the position of the marks R1m-R5m and of the cutout Dm in the field of vision of the camera. For this purpose, the control unit is equipped with means allowing the opening, in the field of vision, of the first two spaces, called "windows" in which the probability of finding the marks R1m-R5m, or the Dm cutout, is the greatest. This method of detecting and measuring position using a "window" is relatively well known in the technical field of image processing, a field to which it is possible to refer here for further information, since the present method of quality control uses it extensively.
Ainsi donc, le dispositif de contrôle permet, alors que les marques R1m-R5m et la découpe Dm sont visibles sur l'écran "A", à l'aide de la "TRACKBALL" de positionner, déplacer, centrer et dimensionner une première fenêtre dite "PRINT WINDOW" centrée sur l'ensemble des cinq marques R1m-R5m, et une seconde fenêtre relative à la découpe Dm et dite "CUT WINDOW". Il est simplement rappelé ici que lesdites fenêtres ont pour but de limiter d'une part le champ de vision pour la recherche des modèles de référence (c'est-à-dire forme et position) pendant la phase d'apprentissage automatique du système et d'autre part le nombre de modèles susceptibles d'être pris en considération; en effet, le déchet frontal Dfm peut présenter des taches qui pourraient être considérées, par erreur, comme modèles. Un tel risque d'erreur peut aussi être provoqué par les barres à pinces 6a. En d'autres termes, lors du traitement d'image, les fenêtres "PRINT WINDOW" et "CUT WINDOW" vont permettre d'indiquer à l'élément "IMAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM" dans quel endroit du champ de vision l'unité de contrôle doit chercher le constituant correspondant de la "cible" (c'est-à-dire les marques R1m-R5m ou la découpe Dm) de manière à diminuer les risques d'erreur provoqués par une confusion de ce constituant avec un autre élément similaire situé dans le champ de vision de la caméra.
Des considérations ci-dessus au sujet du traitement d'image, il est maintenant aussi possible de comprendre pourquoi la découpe Dm est prise en un endroit caractéristique, comportant une découpe latérale S1 et une découpe longitudinale S2; en effet, une telle découpe Dm, formée de deux lignes S1, S2 formant entre elles un angle, par exemple de 90°, est détectée et mesurée avec beaucoup plus de rapidité, de précision et de fiabilité qu'une autre partie de la ligne de découpage S se présentant sous la forme d'une simple ligne droite.Thus, the control device allows, while the marks R1m-R5m and the cutout Dm are visible on the screen "A", using the "TRACKBALL" to position, move, center and size a first window called "PRINT WINDOW" centered on all five brands R1m-R5m, and a second window relating to the Dm cut and called "CUT WINDOW". It is simply recalled here that said windows are intended to limit on the one hand the field of vision for the search for reference models (that is to say shape and position) during the automatic learning phase of the system and on the other hand the number of models likely to be taken into consideration; indeed, the front waste Dfm can present spots which could be considered, by mistake, as models. Such a risk of error can also be caused by the clamp bars 6a. In other words, during image processing, the "PRINT WINDOW" and "CUT WINDOW" windows will make it possible to indicate to the element "IMAGE PROCESSING SYSTEM" where in the field of vision the control unit must seek the corresponding constituent of the "target" (that is to say the marks R1m-R5m or the cutout Dm) so as to reduce the risks of error caused by a confusion of this constituent with another similar element located in the field of view of the camera.
From the above considerations regarding image processing, it is now also possible to understand why the cut Dm is taken at a characteristic location, comprising a lateral cut S1 and a longitudinal cut S2; indeed, such a cut Dm, formed by two lines S1, S2 forming an angle between them, for example of 90 °, is detected and measured with much more speed, precision and reliability than another part of the line of cutting S being in the form of a simple straight line.
Comme cela est possible d'être déduit de la figure 2, le choix et l'utilisation des deux fenêtres "PRINT WINDOW" et "CUT WINDOW" ne posent pas de difficultés particulières, étant donné :
- qu'il est aisément possible de centrer la fenêtre "CUT WINDOW" autour de la découpe Dm, fenêtre qui, sans englober de marques R1m-R5m, possède toutefois une dimension encore suffisante. Il en va de même pour la fenêtre "PRINT WINDOW" qui doit être suffisamment grande pour englober toutes les marques R1m-R5m. Il faut ajouter que les fenêtres sont positionnées par défaut et qu'il est aussi possible de changer leur dimension.
- that it is easily possible to center the "CUT WINDOW" window around the cutout Dm, a window which, without including marks R1m-R5m, has however still a sufficient dimension. The same goes for the "PRINT WINDOW" window which must be large enough to include all the R1m-R5m brands. It should be added that the windows are positioned by default and that it is also possible to change their size.
A ce moment, au moyen de la touche "STORE", il est possible de mémoriser l'image et donc la "cible" de référence, l'unité de contrôle calculant et mémorisant la position de chaque marque R1m-R5m et de la découpe Dm du déchet de référence Dfm.At this moment, by means of the "STORE" key, it is possible to memorize the image and therefore the reference "target", the control unit calculating and memorizing the position of each mark R1m-R5m and the cut Dm of the reference waste Dfm.
En vue de comparer par la suite, comme mentionné plus haut, le déchet modèle Dfm à un déchet "échantillon" de production Df, il est aussi nécessaire, durant la phase "TEACHING" du processus de contrôle, d'introduire, dans l'unité de contrôle, les critères relatifs à chaque type de contrôle.In order to compare later, as mentioned above, the model waste Dfm to a "sample" waste from production Df, it is also necessary, during the "TEACHING" phase of the control process, to introduce, in the control unit, the criteria relating to each type of control.
Le présent contrôle de qualité a trait essentiellement à quatre types, à savoir :
- la présence de toutes les couleurs.
- le bon positionnement des cinq couleurs (problème du repérage latéral et longitudinal). La tolérance de positionnement est fixée, par exemple, à ± 5/10 mm.
- le fait que la feuille ne soit pas tournée de 180°.
- la position de la feuille dans la barre à pinces 6 en référence à deux axes x et y. La tolérance du positionnement de la découpe est de 1 mm.
- the presence of all colors.
- the correct positioning of the five colors (problem of lateral and longitudinal location). The positioning tolerance is fixed, for example, ± 5/10 mm.
- the fact that the sheet is not turned 180 °.
- the position of the sheet in the clip bar 6 with reference to two axes x and y. The tolerance for positioning the cutout is 1 mm.
En relation avec ces quatre types de contrôle, les performances suivantes sont souhaitées :
- la cadence d'analyse est de 8'000 feuilles/heure.
- la tolérance de la mesure en phase production consiste en ce que le système doit accepter une variation de positionnement de la cible de ± 5mm dans les deux directions x et y.
- la précision de la mesure doit être inférieure à cinq fois la tolérance minimale de positionnement des couleurs,
soit 0,1 mm. - la reconnaissance et l'identification d'un défaut doivent être automatiques.
- l'initialisation du contrôle doit être automatique, c'est-à-dire recourir au minimum possible d'interventions de l'opérateur.
- the analysis rate is 8,000 sheets / hour.
- the tolerance of the measurement in production phase is that the system must accept a variation of positioning of the target of ± 5mm in both directions x and y.
- the measurement accuracy must be less than five times the minimum tolerance for color positioning, i.e. 0.1 mm.
- recognition and identification of a defect must be automatic.
- the initialization of the control must be automatic, that is to say use the minimum of operator intervention.
Sur l'écran "B1" (Fig. 7), il est montré comment il est possible, à partir d'une touche "SELECT", de choisir quel est le paramètre à introduire, puis de le modifier à l'aide de la "TRACKBALL" par "scrolling", puis de le mémoriser à l'aide de la touche "STORE" et retourner ensuite, grâce à la touche "STOP", au "MAIN MENU".On the screen "B1" (Fig. 7), it is shown how it is possible, from a "SELECT" key, to choose which parameter is to be entered, then to modify it using the "TRACKBALL" by "scrolling", then memorize it using the "STORE" key and then return, using the "STOP" key, to the "MAIN MENU".
Durant la phase "TEACHING", sont aussi déterminées automatiquement par le système six fenêtres de recherche, à savoir 5 fenêtres de recherche relatives à l'impression dites "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW", c'est-à-dire une fenêtre pour chaque marque R1m-R5m, et une fenêtre de recherche relative à la découpe dite "CUT SEARCH WINDOW", comme cela est représenté à la figure 3 dans laquelle sont représentée, à échelle agrandie (pour des raisons de clarté) la découpe Dm et les cinq marques R1m-R5m relatives au modèle Dfm. La fenêtre "CUT SEARCH WINDOW" est représentée centrée sur la découpe modèle Dm et une fenêtre "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" est représentée sur chaque marque R1m-R5m.During the "TEACHING" phase, six search windows are also automatically determined by the system, namely 5 search windows relating to printing known as "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW", that is to say one window for each R1m mark. -R5m, and a search window relating to the so-called "CUT SEARCH WINDOW" cutout, as shown in FIG. 3 in which are shown, on an enlarged scale (for reasons of clarity) the Dm cutout and the five brands R1m -R5m relating to the Dfm model. The "CUT SEARCH WINDOW" window is represented centered on the Dm model cutout and a "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" window is represented on each R1m-R5m mark.
Il est à remarquer que ces fenêtres "... SEARCH" ont aussi pour fonction de raccourcir le temps nécessaire à la détection et au calcul de la position de chaque constituant de la "cible" de manière que l'unité de contrôle puisse effectuer son travail à la cadence de production de la machine, c'est-à-dire selon une cadence d'analyse de 8000 feuilles/heure. Lors de la détermination des fenêtres de recherche, certaines précautions sont à prendre de manière à ce que, par exemple, la découpe Dm ne puisse pas se trouver dans la fenêtre "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" relative à la marque R1m, ou l'inverse, c'est-à-dire que la première marque R1m ne doit pas se trouver dans la fenêtre "CUT SEARCH WINDOW"; ou encore une marque quelconque R1m-R5m ne doit pas se trouver dans 1a fenêtre "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" d'une autre marque avoisinante. En vue de remplir ces conditions, le calcul d'une fenêtre "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" peut être obtenu, par exemple, de la manière suivante :
- d =
- distance entre deux marques R1m-R2m (= 6 mm)
- t =
- tolérance impression - découpe fixée par l'opérateur lors du "SET UP" (= 1 mm)
- l =
- dimension d'une marque (= 4 mm)
- x = y =
- dimension de la fenêtre "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" relative à la marque R1m
- d =
- distance between two marks R1m-R2m (= 6 mm)
- t =
- printing tolerance - cutout fixed by the operator during the "SET UP" (= 1 mm)
- l =
- dimension of a mark (= 4 mm)
- x = y =
- dimension of the "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" window relating to the R1m mark
Pour la première fenêtre "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" de la marque R1 :
For the first window "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" of the R1 brand:
Pour les fenêtres "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" suivantes :
For the following "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" windows:
A ce sujet, il faut préciser qu'un compromis doit être établi ici entre une fenêtre ni trop petite qui présenterait le danger de ne plus tolérer une variation d'impression assez grande, ni trop grande de manière à ne pas augmenter inutilement le temps de recherche.On this subject, it should be specified that a compromise must be established here between a window neither too small which would present the danger of no longer tolerating a fairly large print variation, or too large so as not to unnecessarily increase the time of research.
Les six fenêtres de recherche étant trouvées, l'opération de contrôle peut alors être réalisée selon les étapes suivantes :
- 1) Saisie de l'image "échantillon" de chaque déchet frontal Df successif en cours de production.
- 2) Recherche de la position de la découpe D dans la fenêtre "CUT SEARCH WINDOW". La comparaison de cette position avec celle de la découpe de référence Dm mémorisée durant la phase "TEACHING" permet de calculer la variation de position x et y (voir fig. 3).
- 3) Corriger selon la même variation x et y la position des fenêtres "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW"
- 4) Rechercher la présence et la position de la marque R1 au moyen du modèle relatif à la marque R1 par l'intermédiaire de la corrélation entre le modèle de référence R1m et la marque "échantillon" R1 à l'intérieur de la fenêtre "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW". Le résultat donne la position x1, y1 (voir figure 4) de la marque R1 où le "shape score" est le plus élevé entre la marque de référence R1m et la marque "échantillon" R1. Cette recherche est réalisée pour les quatre autres marques, d'où: x2, y2; x3, y3; x4, y4; x5, y5.
- 5) Contrôler si oui ou non l'inversion à 180° de la feuille a eu lieu en vérifiant si au moins une marque R1-R5 est trouvée.
- 6) Contrôler si oui ou non toutes les couleurs sont présentes en vérifiant si le nombre de marques R1-R5 trouvées est égal au nombre (c'est-à-dire cinq dans le présent cas) de marques modèles R1m-R5m.
- 7) Contrôler si oui ou non les conditions d'erreur de repérage des couleurs sont respectées. Pour ce contrôle, dans la figure 3 est représenté le cas où ces conditions sont respectées et où seule intervient l'erreur de "reproductibilité" de positionnement du déchet Df dans le champ de vision de la caméra, erreur due à la machine, c'est-à-dire, par exemple, à une variation de position de la barre à pinces 6 à l'arrêt. Dans ce cas, les conditions de repérage de couleur sont donc satisfaites. Dans la figure 5, est représenté le cas où il n'y a pas d'erreur de "reproductibilité" mais où il y a erreur de repérage de la deuxième marque R2. A l'aide de la fenêtre "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" relative à la deuxième marque R2m, il est possible de calculer l'écart entre la position de la marque échantillon R2 et celle du modèle de référence R2m. Cet écart, corrigé de l'erreur de "reproductibilité" mentionnée plus haut, sera désigné par X2 et Y2. Un calcul identique ayant été effectué pour toutes les marques R1-R5, la sommation suivante
permettra de conclure si un défaut de repérage existe ou pas. - 8) Contrôler si oui ou non les conditions relatives à la précision de découpage sont remplies. Le contrôle est effectué en calculant la valeur moyenne de l'erreur de repérage, c'est-à-dire si n est le nombre de marques
The six search windows being found, the control operation can then be carried out according to the following steps:
- 1) Capture of the "sample" image of each successive front waste Df during production.
- 2) Search for the position of the cutout D in the "CUT SEARCH WINDOW" window. The comparison of this position with that of the reference cutout Dm stored during the "TEACHING" phase makes it possible to calculate the variation in position x and y (see fig. 3).
- 3) Correct according to the same variation x and y the position of the windows "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW"
- 4) Find the presence and position of the R1 mark using the R1 mark model by means of the correlation between the reference model R1m and the "sample" mark R1 inside the "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" window. The result gives the position x1, y1 (see FIG. 4) of the mark R1 where the "shape score" is the highest between the reference mark R1m and the mark "sample" R1. This research is carried out for the other four brands, hence: x2, y2; x3, y3; x4, y4; x5, y5.
- 5) Check whether or not the 180 ° inversion of the sheet has taken place, checking whether at least one mark R1-R5 is found.
- 6) Check whether or not all the colors are present by checking whether the number of marks R1-R5 found is equal to the number (that is to say five in this case) of model marks R1m-R5m.
- 7) Check whether or not the error conditions for color registration are observed. For this control, in FIG. 3 is represented the case where these conditions are respected and where only the error of "reproducibility" of positioning of the waste Df intervenes in the field of vision of the camera, error due to the machine, it that is to say, for example, to a variation in position of the gripper bar 6 when stopped. In this case, the color registration conditions are therefore satisfied. In FIG. 5, the case is shown where there is no “reproducibility” error but where there is an error in locating the second mark R2. Using the "PRINT SEARCH WINDOW" window relating to the second mark R2m, it is possible to calculate the difference between the position of the sample mark R2 and that of the reference model R2m. This difference, corrected for the "reproducibility" error mentioned above, will be designated by X2 and Y2. An identical calculation having been carried out for all the brands R1-R5, the following summation
will allow you to conclude whether or not a locating defect exists. - 8) Check whether or not the conditions relating to cutting precision are fulfilled. The check is carried out by calculating the average value of the locating error, i.e. if n is the number of marks
Ensuite, si, après soustraction, à ces valeurs ex et ey,
- de l'erreur de position initiale x, y relative à la découpe D, et
- de la tolérance de l'opérateur,
le résultat est différent de zéro, cela indique que les conditions de positionnement de la découpe par rapport à l'impression ne sont pas respectées.Then, if, after subtraction, from these values ex and ey,
- the initial position error x, y relative to the cut D, and
- operator tolerance,
the result is different from zero, this indicates that the conditions for positioning the cutout with respect to printing are not respected.
A ce sujet, il est possible, dans la figure 6, de voir le cas où, par exemple, les marques R2 et R4 sont celles qui sont décalées au maximum par rapport aux autres marques R1, R3 et R5, ce décalage étant égal à 2 mm; il en résulte que
On this subject, it is possible, in FIG. 6, to see the case where, for example, the marks R2 and R4 are those which are offset as much as possible with respect to the other marks R1, R3 and R5, this offset being equal to 2 mm; it follows that
Ainsi donc, sont réalisés les quatre types de contrôle souhaités sur chaque déchet frontal Df défilant devant la caméra 10.Thus, the four types of control desired are carried out on each front waste Df running past the
Tous les paramètres et résultats des contrôles sont affichés sur l'écran "B1" de la manière représentée à la figure 9.All the parameters and results of the checks are displayed on the screen "B1" as shown in FIG. 9.
L'unité de contrôle permet aussi de maintenir un contrôle statistique de tous les principaux résultats (voir figure 11), contrôle qui permet de définir l'instant à partir duquel, par exemple, un signal d'alarme, visuel ou sonore, doit être transmis à l'opérateur (figure 10).The control unit also makes it possible to maintain statistical control of all the main results (see Figure 11), control which makes it possible to define the moment from which, for example, an alarm signal, visual or audible, must be transmitted to the operator (Figure 10).
L'écran "A" (figure 8) comprend une image active d'une vue des marques et de la découpe d'un échantillon.Screen "A" (Figure 8) includes an active image of a view of the marks and the cutting of a sample.
L'écran "B1" (figure 9) affiche les paramètres et les résultats de chaque contrôle.The "B1" screen (figure 9) displays the parameters and results of each check.
L'écran "B2" (figure 10) est celui relatif à l'alarme.The screen "B2" (figure 10) is that relating to the alarm.
L'écran "C" donne une image des marques et de la découpe du déchet "échantillon" ("SAMPLE") simultanément à celles du déchet de référence ("STANDARD").Screen "C" gives an image of the marks and the breakdown of the "sample" waste ("SAMPLE") simultaneously with those of the reference waste ("STANDARD").
Au sujet de l'écran "B1", il faut ajouter :
- que les valeurs de défaut sont mises en évidence au moyen de l'inverse video;
- que le "scrolling" des tolérances s'effectue dans les ± 0.3 à 2 mm (
pas 0,1 mm) pour le repérage des couleurs, et de 0,5 à 10 mm (pas de 0,1 mm) pour la précision de découpage.
- that the default values are highlighted by means of the reverse video;
- that the "scrolling" of the tolerances takes place within ± 0.3 to 2 mm (step 0.1 mm) for the identification of the colors, and from 0.5 to 10 mm (step of 0.1 mm) for the precision of cutting.
Quant à l'écran "B2", le "scrolling" concernant le niveau de déclenchement de l'alarme ou l'arrêt de la machine est compris dans les limites de 1 à 200 par pas de 1.As for the "B2" screen, the "scrolling" concerning the alarm triggering level or the machine stop is within the limits of 1 to 200 in steps of 1.
Il est possible de modifier les valeurs et les tolérances au moyen de la "TRACKBALL" uniquement après avoir utilisé la touche "SELECT".It is possible to modify the values and tolerances using the "TRACKBALL" only after using the "SELECT" key.
A l'aide de la touche "SCREEN", il est possible d'obtenir successivement les écrans "B1", "B2" ainsi que les informations statistiques disponibles.Using the "SCREEN" key, it is possible to successively obtain the screens "B1", "B2" as well as the available statistical information.
Comme option, il est possible de déplacer transversalement la caméra 10 au moyen d'un moteur avec une touche correspondante prévue sur le tableau.As an option, it is possible to move the
L'unité informatique peut conserver en mémoire non volatile les derniers paramètres utilisés pour la définition d'un programme, de même que ceux des fenêtres. Ces paramètres seront les valeurs de défaut utilisées lors de la prochaine mise sous tension.The computer unit can keep in non-volatile memory the last parameters used for the definition of a program, as well as those of the windows. These parameters will be the default values used during the next power up.
Enfin, il est clair qu'il est possible d'établir un asservissement entre le dispositif de contrôle décrit ci-dessus et la commande de positionnement soit des taquets de la table de marge de la station d'introduction 1 de la machine de découpage, soit des cylindres de chaque groupe imprimeur de la machine d'impression.Finally, it is clear that it is possible to establish a servo-control between the control device described above and the positioning control either of the tabs of the margin table of the
Le procédé décrit ci-dessus peut aussi fournir en cours de production un signal d'avertissement et/ou un signal d'alarme après un nombre prédéterminé de feuilles présentant un défaut hors tolérances. Ces signaux peuvent être utilisés pour avertir l'opérateur, par un moyen optique ou acoustique, soit d'agir directement sur la machine par arrêt de la production, soit de marquer le déchet Df par un moyen quelconque tel que encre, étiquette, ...etc, ou encore en actionnant un dispositif d'éjection automatique des déchets.The method described above can also provide a warning signal and / or an alarm signal during production after a predetermined number of sheets exhibiting an out of tolerance defect. These signals can be used to warn the operator, by optical or acoustic means, either to act directly on the machine by stopping production, or to mark the waste Df by any means such as ink, label, etc. .etc, or by activating an automatic waste ejection device.
De la description ci-dessus, il ressort donc que la présente invention permet :
- une inspection automatique, plus fiable, sévère et régulière dans le temps;
- un contrôle "on-line" à 100%, ce qui permet d'agir de suite en présence de défauts;
- une maîtrise constante du niveau de qualité; et
- une rentabilité plus élevée de l'installation par une économie du personnel de contrôle.
- automatic, more reliable, strict and regular inspection over time;
- 100% "on-line" control, which enables immediate action in the presence of faults;
- constant control over the level of quality; and
- higher profitability of the installation through savings in control personnel.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1301/90 | 1990-04-18 | ||
CH1301/90A CH682600A5 (en) | 1990-04-18 | 1990-04-18 | quality control method of the printing and cutting in a plant for producing packages. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0452769A1 true EP0452769A1 (en) | 1991-10-23 |
EP0452769B1 EP0452769B1 (en) | 1995-07-12 |
Family
ID=4207238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91105523A Expired - Lifetime EP0452769B1 (en) | 1990-04-18 | 1991-04-08 | Monitoring printing and cutting quality in a production plant for making packages |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5241483A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0452769B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2653729B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE124902T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2040533C (en) |
CH (1) | CH682600A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69111122T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0452769T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2074601T3 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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EP0453974A2 (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1991-10-30 | Bobst S.A. | Controlling the print and cut quality in a machine for the production of packagings |
EP0810092A1 (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 1997-12-03 | GRAFICHE EIKON S.r.l. | Apparatus and method for checking printed sheets |
EP0687997A3 (en) * | 1994-06-17 | 1998-09-16 | Bobst S.A. | Device for assuming the product quality of a packaging fabrication press |
DE102004014498A1 (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-10-13 | Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag | Printed substrate`s print quality e.g. color density, checking method, involves measuring each part of substrate with respect to measured print quality of respective parts, and concluding quality based on measurements of parts |
EP2722180A1 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-04-23 | Baumer hhs GmbH | Method and device for measuring and/or correcting registration marks |
EP3077307B1 (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2017-11-22 | Koenig & Bauer AG | Delivery unit of a sheet-processing machine and method for operating a sheet-processing machine |
WO2018192684A1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | Bobst Mex Sa | Device and method for inspecting exposure samples, discharge station and machine for processing sheet-shaped elements |
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GB9222380D0 (en) * | 1992-10-24 | 1992-12-09 | Univ Montfort | Registration in printing and other operations |
CA2123245A1 (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1995-03-30 | Alan F. Barney | System for controlling printing press and accessories and auxiliaries therefor |
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US5777879A (en) * | 1995-09-05 | 1998-07-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process-to-mark control system |
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US6059705A (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 2000-05-09 | United Container Machinery, Inc. | Method and apparatus for registering processing heads |
US6243618B1 (en) * | 1997-10-30 | 2001-06-05 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of marking number or the like and apparatus for marking the same |
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-
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- 1991-04-08 DK DK91105523.4T patent/DK0452769T3/en active
- 1991-04-08 DE DE69111122T patent/DE69111122T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-08 AT AT91105523T patent/ATE124902T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-08 ES ES91105523T patent/ES2074601T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-08 EP EP91105523A patent/EP0452769B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-16 CA CA002040533A patent/CA2040533C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-18 JP JP3086874A patent/JP2653729B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-18 US US07/687,241 patent/US5241483A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0453974A2 (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1991-10-30 | Bobst S.A. | Controlling the print and cut quality in a machine for the production of packagings |
EP0453974A3 (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1993-01-27 | Bobst S.A. | Controlling the print and cut quality in a machine for the production of packagings |
EP0687997A3 (en) * | 1994-06-17 | 1998-09-16 | Bobst S.A. | Device for assuming the product quality of a packaging fabrication press |
EP0810092A1 (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 1997-12-03 | GRAFICHE EIKON S.r.l. | Apparatus and method for checking printed sheets |
DE102004014498A1 (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-10-13 | Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag | Printed substrate`s print quality e.g. color density, checking method, involves measuring each part of substrate with respect to measured print quality of respective parts, and concluding quality based on measurements of parts |
EP2722180A1 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2014-04-23 | Baumer hhs GmbH | Method and device for measuring and/or correcting registration marks |
EP3077307B1 (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2017-11-22 | Koenig & Bauer AG | Delivery unit of a sheet-processing machine and method for operating a sheet-processing machine |
WO2018192684A1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | Bobst Mex Sa | Device and method for inspecting exposure samples, discharge station and machine for processing sheet-shaped elements |
KR20190140972A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2019-12-20 | 봅스트 맥스 에스에이 | Device and method for inspecting sample blanks, removal station and machine for processing elements in sheet form |
CN112895749A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-04 | 苏州市祥和印刷包装有限公司 | Production process and equipment based on intelligent system specification |
CN112895749B (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-08 | 苏州市祥和印刷包装有限公司 | Intelligent system-based specification production process and equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE124902T1 (en) | 1995-07-15 |
JPH04223172A (en) | 1992-08-13 |
CA2040533A1 (en) | 1991-10-19 |
DE69111122D1 (en) | 1995-08-17 |
ES2074601T3 (en) | 1995-09-16 |
EP0452769B1 (en) | 1995-07-12 |
CA2040533C (en) | 1997-08-12 |
CH682600A5 (en) | 1993-10-15 |
DK0452769T3 (en) | 1995-10-30 |
DE69111122T2 (en) | 1996-01-18 |
US5241483A (en) | 1993-08-31 |
JP2653729B2 (en) | 1997-09-17 |
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