EP0446460B1 - Halogen incandescent lamp having a single pinch - Google Patents

Halogen incandescent lamp having a single pinch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0446460B1
EP0446460B1 EP90124460A EP90124460A EP0446460B1 EP 0446460 B1 EP0446460 B1 EP 0446460B1 EP 90124460 A EP90124460 A EP 90124460A EP 90124460 A EP90124460 A EP 90124460A EP 0446460 B1 EP0446460 B1 EP 0446460B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
luminous element
halogen lamp
webs
lamp according
bulb
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EP90124460A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0446460A3 (en
EP0446460A2 (en
Inventor
Karl Stadler
Roland Stark
Rüdiger Klam
Rupert Mühlberger
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Osram GmbH
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Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Publication of EP0446460A3 publication Critical patent/EP0446460A3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/18—Mountings or supports for the incandescent body

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a halogen incandescent lamp pinched on one side according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a halogen incandescent lamp pinched on one side is known, in which a glass tube, which is arranged in the lamp axis, holds a U-shaped filament.
  • the tube is not formed from the piston material, but separately. It protrudes freely from the pump nozzle into the inside of the piston and holds the helix mechanically by means of a hole in the tube.
  • halogen incandescent lamp which also dispenses with a quartz beam
  • EP-OS 173 995 Another halogen incandescent lamp, which also dispenses with a quartz beam, is known from EP-OS 173 995.
  • the filament is only held by a frame wire that is melted into the pinch. If this lamp is designed for direct operation at mains voltage, the filament used for this must have a relatively high resistance and consequently a long length. For this reason, the luminous body is bent into two luminous arms and has an overall V-like or U-like shape.
  • the lamp arms can come into contact with the inner wall of the bulb, since the free length of the arms is relatively large and a certain spiral sag (approx. 10%) cannot be avoided. Ultimately, this will accelerate the blackening and shorten the lifespan.
  • glass webs which are formed from the material of the bulb, have a much higher temperature resistance. The reason is that with this technology there is additional cooling from the outside and heat dissipation to the outside and therefore the decomposition of the glass web is prevented.
  • the filament consists of two straight legs and a connecting part, so that it is bent in a U-shape or V-shape. However, it can also have more than two legs.
  • the connecting part between the two legs In the area of the connecting part between the two legs, it is fixed by a glass web, which holds the luminous element mechanically or by means of a pinch.
  • further glass webs can also be arranged along the two legs, which serve either as a fixing pinch or as a mechanical separation aid between the two legs.
  • the particularly intimate connection due to the pinching leads to excellent heat dissipation at this helix point, which prevents blackening and devitrification of the glass web and also leads to the fact that the pinched helical area practically no longer shines.
  • non-luminous connecting section in this sense can in particular be the curved connecting part.
  • the web can be solid (as a rod), but this is not completely satisfactory in terms of production technology and cooling.
  • the web is preferably of tubular design with a circular or oval cross section (i.e. as a longer furrow). This improves the cooling, since the heat-emitting surface is larger than the heat-radiating coil part.
  • An ideal operating behavior, even with a horizontal burning position, can be achieved if several glass webs are used, which are suitably distributed along the luminous element.
  • the first option is a mechanical bracket, e.g. the tube-like webs lie tight against the filament.
  • the webs thread a turn of the filament, so to speak.
  • the pitch of the secondary helix in the region of the web is advantageously chosen to be so large that it is adapted to the outside diameter of the web. This technique is described in more detail in parallel application no. ... (GR 90P5510).
  • the tubular one fixes Bridge the filament in that a piece of the filament is squeezed between two web halves.
  • the essential point in this connection is that the temperature of the glass web does not exceed a certain limit, because otherwise stresses occur or even the glass web softens. In the case of quartz glass, this limit temperature is around 800-900 ° C, while for tempered glass a temperature of around 600 ° C becomes critical. In the area of the pinching, the web thickness advantageously exceeds the external dimensions of the luminous element by at least 100%.
  • a continuously double-coiled filament can be squeezed into the glass webs.
  • a double-coiled filament can be equipped with single-coiled and therefore cooler sections, which in turn are melted into the glass webs.
  • the dimensions of the glass webs are chosen so that there is no significant impediment to the halogen cycle in the lamp bulb.
  • the inside diameter of the webs is typically 0.5 mm near the axis.
  • tubular webs are widened in a funnel shape, there are no excessively thin spots in the region of the transition to the piston wall, which would reduce the bursting pressure.
  • the wall thickness remains fairly homogeneous.
  • the webs are manufactured before the piston end is squeezed.
  • the filament is clamped by means of an interchangeable holder and inserted into the bulb, which is open on one side.
  • the lamp bulb is heated in the area of the future webs with burners and shaped by means of stamps, which are opposite each other.
  • stamps which are designed as conically tapering round rods, pressing two hollow, in particular funnel-shaped "glass fingers" into the bulb wall, which finally touch in the lamp axis (or in its vicinity).
  • the diameter of the funnel on the bulb wall and the degree of narrowing towards the lamp axis depend on the size of the heating zone on the bulb wall.
  • the absolute value of the glass tube diameter near the axis depends on the dimensions of the stamp.
  • a stopper on which the seam between the two stopper halves can still be recognized is advantageously left, which considerably simplifies production.
  • the filament lies exactly between the two "glass fingers” and is fixed to form the stopper.
  • the stamps have an oval or rectangular profile.
  • halogen incandescent lamp with a long service life 2000 hours
  • This also means that the overall length can be reduced by approx. 30% in comparison to standardized halogen incandescent lamps, since the frame structures in the vicinity of the pump stem are eliminated.
  • additional savings in filling quantities occur due to the smaller piston volume.
  • the pipe diameter can be reduced by approx. 20%.
  • a lamp that is particularly well adapted to the glass web technology is characterized by a bulb with an oval or the like. Cross section from. The "bridging" for the webs takes place in the direction of the short semi-axis, so that the wall thickness of the glass webs does not decrease too much towards the lamp axis and therefore remains fairly homogeneous.
  • the lamps according to the invention are suitable for direct operation at mains voltage, which should be understood to mean a range from approximately 80 V to 250 V. Typical wattages are 15 to 200 W. These lamps are used, for example, for general lighting purposes.
  • the invention is primarily suitable for the mounting of luminous bodies with two legs. However, this does not exclude the use for differently designed lamps, e.g. with four legs.
  • FIG. 1 shows a halogen incandescent lamp 1 for general lighting purposes with a power of 200 W, which is preferably suitable for direct connection to the 110 V network. It has a cylindrical piston 2 made of quartz glass with an outer diameter of approximately 12.5 mm with an inner diameter of 10.5 mm (with a tolerance of 0.8 mm) and a total length of approximately 35 mm. One end of the piston 2 is shaped into a dome 3 which has a pump tip 4 in the center. The other end of the piston is closed with a pinch seal 5.
  • the flask with a volume of 1.65 cm3 is filled with an inert gas mixture of 80% Kr and 20% N2, to which a halogen addition of 0.005% CBrClF2 is added.
  • the luminous element 6 is mechanically held by a glass web 9 which bears against the inside of the rounded part 7.
  • the web 9 is a glass tube which is formed from the material of the bulb and which extends transversely to the lamp axis and to the plane of the luminous element over the inside diameter of the bulb.
  • the glass tube 9 has a diameter of approximately 1.2 mm near the axis and widens toward the piston wall 2 'on both sides in the manner of a funnel 10 to approximately twice (or even four times) the diameter.
  • a plug 11 is left in the tube in the region of the lamp axis.
  • the two luminous limbs 8 merge at their pinch-side ends into short, simply coiled sections which act as power supply lines 12.
  • the luminous element 6 is tensioned in the bulb 2 in that the current leads 12 are melted into the pinch seal 5 and are welded there to sealing foils 13.
  • the power supply lines 12 with a total length of approx. 6 mm protrude from the pinch seal 5 approx. 1 - 2 mm into the piston volume, which is why the usual core pins can advantageously be dispensed with.
  • contact pins 14 are welded, which protrude beyond the end of the pinch seal 5 to the outside.
  • FIG. 1 A second exemplary embodiment, the structure of which essentially corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment, is shown in FIG. It is a 220 V halogen incandescent lamp with a power of 100 W.
  • the luminous element 15 is now bent in a U-shape.
  • the two legs 8 'of the U which run parallel to the lamp axis, are in turn subdivided into two luminous, double-coiled sections 16, which are each connected to one another by a single-coiled section 17.
  • the connecting part 18 of the U is also simply coiled. It is arranged transversely to the lamp axis in the vicinity of the pump tip 4, two short brackets 19 being angled through 90 ° and each extending to a section 16.
  • the luminous element 15 is fixed by an oval glass web, the two halves of which are designed as longitudinal furrows 20. They extend over most of the length of the connecting part 18, so that it is squeezed between the two longitudinal furrows 20.
  • the luminous element 15 is fixed in the region of the simply coiled sections 17 by a further glass web. It is a tube 21 with a circular cross-section which - like the oval tube - narrows increasingly like a funnel starting from the piston wall towards the center of the piston.
  • a stopper 22 is left in the tube, into which the simply coiled section 17 is squeezed in the middle. This holding technique is particularly suitable as an alternative to the mechanical holder described in the first embodiment when using a single glass tube.
  • FIG. 3a Another variant of this squeezing technique is shown in FIG. 3a.
  • the glass web narrows to a tube 21 of constant diameter, the central stopper 22 of which squeezes the luminous element section 17.
  • the plug has the shape of a solid cylinder.
  • the helix of the connection section 17 can be short-circuited by a core pin 36.
  • This technique is also particularly suitable for mechanically retaining webs, since effective cooling is particularly desirable here.
  • FIG. 3b An alternative embodiment (FIG. 3b) uses a tube 24 which narrows from the bulb wall in a funnel shape towards the center of the lamp, the inner walls of which converge and thus form the plug region 25 into which the section 17 of the luminous element is squeezed.
  • FIG. 4a shows a schematic cross section through the lamp according to FIG. 2 at the level of the two funnel-shaped glass tubes 21, which fix the two sections 17 by being pinched.
  • a flattened, e.g. oval or elliptical, cross section of the piston 2 ⁇ used (Fig. 4b).
  • the volume of the piston 2 ⁇ need not change compared to a cylindrical piston 2.
  • the semi-axis advantageously shortens in the direction of the glass webs, while the semi-axis extends transversely to the glass webs. In this way, a greater wall thickness of the glass tubes can be achieved compared to a cylindrical piston with the same volume.
  • FIG. 5 Another exemplary embodiment is finally shown in FIG. 5. It is a halogen incandescent lamp with an output of 50 W.
  • the luminous element 26 is continuously coiled and bent in a U-shape.
  • the fixation is carried out by two glass tubes 27. They squeeze the luminous element in the region of the two 90 ° bends between the legs 28 and the connecting part 29. However, the diameter of these webs is significantly larger (approx. Factor 1.4) than if a straight section of the filament was squeezed to fully enclose the 90 ° bend.
  • the two glass tubes 27 can also be attached to the transverse connecting part 29 without including the 90 ° bends.
  • the diameter of a glass web (or its height in the case of the furrow-like glass web) should be at least twice as large as the diameter of the lamp body area to be squeezed in order to ensure secure fixation.
  • an additional separating web 30 is also arranged approximately centrally in the lamp bulb, so that it extends at the level of the center of the leg between the two legs 28 and transversely to them.
  • the separating web prevents the two relatively long legs 28 from being knocked together.
  • the use of a dividing web 30 (or more) is always advantageous if one wants to avoid direct fixation of the filament legs or also the provision of single or uncoiled filament portions in the area of the otherwise doubly coiled Thigh is undesirable.
  • This separating web 30 is also designed as a funnel-shaped glass tube.
  • Core pins 36 at the level of the separating web 30 are also suitable here for premature blackening or the like. to prevent.
  • the halogen incandescent lamp of FIG. 5 described so far is mounted in an outer bulb 31 as an example.
  • the possibly two-part power supply lines 32 are squeezed into a plate foot 33, which is melted into the neck 34 of the evacuated outer bulb 31.
  • the outer bulb 31 carries a screw base 35.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown.
  • the individual features of different exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another. It is particularly suitable the invention also for halogen incandescent lamps for mains operation at 110 V. Furthermore, the two legs of the filament can be subdivided again.
  • the filling can also consist of other components known per se, for example CH2Br2 can be used as a halogen additive.
  • Hard glass is also suitable as the bulb material, the luminous element being provided with external contact pins or the like via solid current leads known per se, which are melted directly into the pinch seal. connected is.
  • the decision as to which type of glass webs is used in which number depends on the one hand on the temperature conditions and on the other hand on the free length of the lamp body sections and the shape of the lamp body. An indication of the free length is the voltage drop that occurs there. It should not exceed approx. 60 V.
  • the number of glass webs varies in particular depending on the power level of the lamp and the length of the filament and its stability with regard to sagging. For stiff lamps with high performance may be sufficient already a glass walkway. Under certain circumstances, more than three glass webs can be used for less stiff lamps with low power.
  • the invention provides an inexpensive halogen incandescent lamp with low power consumption down to 15 W for direct mains connection, as is of particular interest for general lighting.

Abstract

Instead of a frame, a halogen incandescent lamp (1) has one or more glass webs (20, 21) as coil holders, which are constructed from the material of the bulb (2). The luminaire body (15) is fused in between the web halves. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Anmeldung steht in engem Zusammenhang mit den drei Parallelanmeldungen Nr. EP-A-0 446 458, EP-A-446 459 und EP-A-0 446 461.The application is closely related to the three parallel applications Nos. EP-A-0 446 458, EP-A-446 459 and EP-A-0 446 461.

Die Erfindung betrifft eine einseitig gequetschte Halogenglühlampe nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a halogen incandescent lamp pinched on one side according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der SU-A-1 112 442 ist eine einseitig gequetschte Halogenglühlampe bekannt, bei der ein Glasrohr, das in der Lampenachse angeordnet ist, eine U-förmige Wendel haltert. Das Rohr ist nicht aus dem Kolbenmaterial gebildet, sondern separat. Es ragt frei vom Pumpstutzen aus in das Kolbeninnere hinein und haltert die Wendel rein mechanisch mittels einer Bohrung im Rohr.From SU-A-1 112 442 a halogen incandescent lamp pinched on one side is known, in which a glass tube, which is arranged in the lamp axis, holds a U-shaped filament. The tube is not formed from the piston material, but separately. It protrudes freely from the pump nozzle into the inside of the piston and holds the helix mechanically by means of a hole in the tube.

Eine andere Halogenglühlampe, die ebenfalls auf einen Quarzbalken verzichtet, ist aus der EP-OS 173 995 bekannt. Der Leuchtkörper ist lediglich durch einen Gestelldraht, der in die Quetschung eingeschmolzen ist, gehaltert. Wenn diese Lampe für den direkten Betrieb an Netzspannung konzipiert ist, muß der hierfür verwendete Leuchtkörper einen relativ hohen Widerstand und folglich eine große Länge besitzen. Der Leuchtkörper ist aus diesem Grund in zwei leuchtende Arme gebogen und weist insgesamt eine V-ähnliche oder U-ähnliche Gestalt auf.Another halogen incandescent lamp, which also dispenses with a quartz beam, is known from EP-OS 173 995. The filament is only held by a frame wire that is melted into the pinch. If this lamp is designed for direct operation at mains voltage, the filament used for this must have a relatively high resistance and consequently a long length. For this reason, the luminous body is bent into two luminous arms and has an overall V-like or U-like shape.

Es hat sich im Betrieb gezeigt, daß dieses an sich erfolgversprechende Konzept mit zwei wesentlichen Nachteilen verknüpft ist. Zum einen zeigen diese Lampen eine hohe Erschütterungsempfindlichkeit. Bei Schlagbeanspruchung der brennenden Lampe können die beiden Arme des Leuchtkörpers in Kontakt kommen und die dann noch stromdurchflossenen Wendelabschnitte brennen wegen Überlastung durch. Dies wird dadurch verursacht, daß die volle Netzspannung nur mehr an einem Bruchteil (im allg. die Hälfte) der Drahtlänge anliegt.It has been shown in the company that this concept, which is promising in itself, is linked to two major disadvantages. On the one hand, these lamps show a high sensitivity to vibrations. If the burning lamp is subjected to impact, the both arms of the filament come into contact and the filament sections which are still energized burn out due to overload. This is caused by the fact that the full mains voltage is only present at a fraction (generally half) of the wire length.

Zum anderen kann es unter Umständen bei waagerechter Brennlage zu einer Berührung der Leuchtkörperarme mit der Kolbeninnenwand kommen, da die freie Länge der Arme relativ groß ist und ein gewisser Wendeldurchhang (ca. 10 %) nicht vermieden werden kann. Letztendlich wird hierdurch die Schwärzung beschleunigt und die Lebensdauer verkürzt.On the other hand, in a horizontal burning position, the lamp arms can come into contact with the inner wall of the bulb, since the free length of the arms is relatively large and a certain spiral sag (approx. 10%) cannot be avoided. Ultimately, this will accelerate the blackening and shorten the lifespan.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine einseitig gequetschte Halogenglühlampe mit langer Lebensdauer bereitzustellen, die sich besonders einfach und kostensparend herstellen läßt und besonders automatisierungsfreundlich ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a halogen lamp which is squeezed on one side and has a long service life, which can be produced in a particularly simple and cost-saving manner and is particularly easy to automate.

Diese Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungen finden sich in den Unteransprüchen.This object of the invention is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. Particularly advantageous designs can be found in the subclaims.

Bei der Suche nach einem besonders einfachen Konzept für den Aufbau einer einseitig gequetschten Lampe ist es naheliegend zu versuchen, das Gestell weiter zu vereinfachen und damit auch automatisierungsfreundlicher zu gestalten. Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt nun einen entscheidenden Durchbruch dar, der in eine ganz andere Richtung zielt. Anstatt das Gestell lediglich zu verändern, wird darauf völlig verzichtet. Seine Aufgabe übernehmen jetzt aus dem Material der Kolbenwand gebildete Glasstege. Ursprüngliche Versuche, in den Kolben eingeführte, separate Haltestege aus Glas zu verwenden, schlugen fehl. Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß diese Haltestege der hohen Temperaturbelastung nicht standhalten, weshalb die gewünschte hohe Lebensdauer (2000 Std.) nicht erreicht wurde.When looking for a particularly simple concept for the construction of a lamp that is squeezed on one side, it is obvious to try to further simplify the frame and thus make it more automation-friendly. The present invention now represents a decisive breakthrough that aims in a completely different direction. Instead of simply changing the frame, it is completely dispensed with. Do his job now glass webs formed from the material of the piston wall. Initial attempts to use separate glass webs inserted into the flask failed. It has been found that these holding bars do not withstand the high temperature loads, which is why the desired long service life (2000 hours) has not been achieved.

Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, daß Glasstege, die aus dem Material des Kolbens gebildet sind, eine weit höhere Temperaturbeständigkeit aufweisen. Die Ursache ist, daß bei dieser Technik eine zusätzliche Kühlung von außen und Wärmeableitung nach außen erfolgt und deshalb die Zersetzung des Glasstegs verhindert wird.Surprisingly, it has been shown that glass webs, which are formed from the material of the bulb, have a much higher temperature resistance. The reason is that with this technology there is additional cooling from the outside and heat dissipation to the outside and therefore the decomposition of the glass web is prevented.

Der Leuchtkörper besteht aus zwei geraden Schenkeln und einem Verbindungsteil, so daß er insgesamt U- oder V-förmig gebogen ist. Er kann jedoch auch mehr als zwei Schenkel aufweisen.The filament consists of two straight legs and a connecting part, so that it is bent in a U-shape or V-shape. However, it can also have more than two legs.

Im Bereich des Verbindungsteils zwischen den beiden Schenkeln wird er durch einen Glassteg fixiert, der den Leuchtkörper mechanisch oder mittels einer Einquetschung haltert. Zusätzlich können auch entlang der beiden Schenkel weitere Glasstege angeordnet sein, die entweder als eine fixierende Einquetschung oder auch als eine mechanische Trennhilfe zwischen den beiden Schenkeln dienen. Die besonders innige Verbindung durch die Einquetschung führt zu einer hervorragenden Wärmeableitung an dieser Wendelstelle, die eine Schwärzung und Entglasung des Glasstegs verhindert und außerdem dazu führt, daß der eingequetschte Wendelbereich praktisch nicht mehr leuchtet.In the area of the connecting part between the two legs, it is fixed by a glass web, which holds the luminous element mechanically or by means of a pinch. In addition, further glass webs can also be arranged along the two legs, which serve either as a fixing pinch or as a mechanical separation aid between the two legs. The particularly intimate connection due to the pinching leads to excellent heat dissipation at this helix point, which prevents blackening and devitrification of the glass web and also leads to the fact that the pinched helical area practically no longer shines.

Von seiner Funktion her betrachtet, leuchtet entweder der gesamte Leuchtkörper oder er ist in einzelne leuchtende Abschnitte gegliedert, wobei nichtleuchtende (d.h. eigentlich schwächer leuchtende) Verbindungsabschnitte dazwischen liegen. Ein nichtleuchtender Verbindungsabschnitt in diesem Sinne kann insbesondere das gebogene Verbindungsteil sein.In terms of its function, either the entire luminous element lights up or it is divided into individual luminous sections, with non-luminous (i.e. actually weaker luminous) connecting sections between them. A non-luminous connecting section in this sense can in particular be the curved connecting part.

Der Steg kann im Prinzip massiv (als Stab) ausgebildet sein, was jedoch fertigungstechnisch und hinsichtlich der Kühlung nicht vollständig befriedigt. Bevorzugt ist der Steg rohrartig mit kreisförmigem oder auch ovalem Querschnitt (d.h. als längere Furche) ausgebildet. Dadurch wird die Kühlung verbessert, da die wärmeabgebende Oberfläche größer als der wärmeeinstrahlende Wendelteil ist. Ein ideales Betriebsverhalten, auch bei waagerechter Brennlage, läßt sich erzielen, wenn mehrere Glasstege verwendet werden, die geeignet entlang des Leuchtkörpers verteilt sind.In principle, the web can be solid (as a rod), but this is not completely satisfactory in terms of production technology and cooling. The web is preferably of tubular design with a circular or oval cross section (i.e. as a longer furrow). This improves the cooling, since the heat-emitting surface is larger than the heat-radiating coil part. An ideal operating behavior, even with a horizontal burning position, can be achieved if several glass webs are used, which are suitably distributed along the luminous element.

Zwei prinzipielle Alternativen der Haltewirkung der Stege sind möglich. Die erste Möglichkeit besteht in einer mechanischen Halterung, wobei z.B. die rohrartigen Stege am Leuchtkörper straff anliegen. Eine weitere Variante besteht darin, daß die Stege eine Windung des Leuchtkörpers sozusagen auffädeln. Vorteilhaft ist die Steigung des Sekundärgewendels im Bereich des Steges so groß gewählt, daß sie dem Außendurchmesser des Steges angepaßt ist. Diese Technik ist in der Parallelanmeldung Nr. ... (GR 90P5510) näher beschrieben.Two basic alternatives to the holding effect of the webs are possible. The first option is a mechanical bracket, e.g. the tube-like webs lie tight against the filament. Another variant is that the webs thread a turn of the filament, so to speak. The pitch of the secondary helix in the region of the web is advantageously chosen to be so large that it is adapted to the outside diameter of the web. This technique is described in more detail in parallel application no. ... (GR 90P5510).

Bei der zweiten Möglichkeit fixiert der rohrartige Steg den Leuchtkörper dadurch, daß ein Stück des Leuchtkörpers zwischen zwei Steghälften eingequetscht ist. Der wesentliche Punkt in diesem Zusammenhang ist, daß die Temperatur des Glasstegs einen gewissen Grenzwert nicht überschreitet, weil sonst Spannungen auftreten oder sogar der Glassteg erweicht. Diese Grenztemperatur liegt im Fall von Quarzglas bei etwa 800 - 900 °C, während bei Hartglas bereits eine Temperatur in der Größenordnung von 600 °C kritisch wird. Im Bereich der Einquetschung übersteigt vorteilhaft die Stegdicke die äußeren Abmessungen des Leuchtkörpers um mindestens 100 %.In the second option, the tubular one fixes Bridge the filament in that a piece of the filament is squeezed between two web halves. The essential point in this connection is that the temperature of the glass web does not exceed a certain limit, because otherwise stresses occur or even the glass web softens. In the case of quartz glass, this limit temperature is around 800-900 ° C, while for tempered glass a temperature of around 600 ° C becomes critical. In the area of the pinching, the web thickness advantageously exceeds the external dimensions of the luminous element by at least 100%.

Eine weitere Einsatzmöglichkeit für derartige Stege ist die eines Trennmittels zwischen zwei parallelen Schenkeln des Leuchtkörpers.Another possible application for such webs is that of a release agent between two parallel legs of the filament.

Bei geringen Temperaturen in der Lampe (i.a. korrespondierend zu kleiner Leistung, beispielsweise 50 W) kann ein durchgehend doppelt gewendelter Leuchtkörper in die Glasstege eingequetscht werden. Bei mittleren Temperaturen in der Lampe (i.a. korrespondierend zu mittlerer Leistung, beispielsweise 75 - 150 W) kann ein doppelt gewendelter Leuchtkörper mit einfach gewendelten und daher kühleren Abschnitten ausgestattet sein, die ihrerseits in die Glasstege eingeschmolzen werden. Bei hohen Temperaturen in der Lampe (i.a. korrespondierend zu Leistungen über 150 W) ist es schließlich vorteilhaft, den doppelt gewendelten Leuchtkörper mit ungewendelten Abschnitten zu versehen, die eine erheblich geringere Temperatur besitzen. Eine zusätzliche Kühlung ist durch Kernstifte möglich, die im Bereich der Stege den Leuchtkörper kurzschließen, so daß seine Temperatur stark abgesenkt wird.At low temperatures in the lamp (generally corresponding to low power, for example 50 W), a continuously double-coiled filament can be squeezed into the glass webs. At medium temperatures in the lamp (generally corresponding to medium power, for example 75-150 W), a double-coiled filament can be equipped with single-coiled and therefore cooler sections, which in turn are melted into the glass webs. At high temperatures in the lamp (generally corresponding to powers over 150 W), it is finally advantageous to provide the double-coiled filament with uncoiled sections that have a considerably lower temperature. Additional cooling is possible using core pins that short-circuit the filament in the area of the webs, so that its temperature is lowered sharply.

Für einfach gewendelte Leuchtkörper gelten diese Überlegungen entsprechend.These considerations apply accordingly to single-filament lamps.

Diese Abschnitte mit verringerter Temperatur verhindern außerdem eine verstärkte Schwärzung und Entglasung, die zu Frühausfällen führen könnten. Allgemein wird die Leistungsdichte in diesen Abschnitten erheblich verringert. Umgekehrt sind, wie der Fachmann weiß, die Wärmeverluste bei doppelter Wendelung am geringsten.These reduced temperature sections also prevent increased blackening and devitrification, which could lead to early failures. In general, the power density in these sections is significantly reduced. Conversely, as the person skilled in the art knows, the heat losses are lowest with double coiling.

Diese Technik schafft eine extrem vereinfachte Halterung des Leuchtkörpers und ist sehr einfach herzustellen. Zudem werden die Abmessungen der Glasstege so gewählt, daß keine nennenswerte Behinderung des Halogenkreislaufs im Lampenkolben auftritt. Der Innendurchmesser der Stege beträgt in Achsnähe typisch 0,5 mm.This technology creates an extremely simplified mounting of the filament and is very easy to manufacture. In addition, the dimensions of the glass webs are chosen so that there is no significant impediment to the halogen cycle in the lamp bulb. The inside diameter of the webs is typically 0.5 mm near the axis.

Dadurch, daß die rohrartigen Stege trichterförmig aufgeweitet sind, treten keine zu dünnen Stellen im Bereich des Übergangs zur Kolbenwand auf, die den Berstdruck mindern würden. Die Wanddicke bleibt ziemlich homogen.Because the tubular webs are widened in a funnel shape, there are no excessively thin spots in the region of the transition to the piston wall, which would reduce the bursting pressure. The wall thickness remains fairly homogeneous.

Die Herstellung der Stege erfolgt vor dem Quetschen des Kolbenendes. Der Leuchtkörper wird mittels einer Wechselaufnahme gespannt und in den einseitig offenen Kolben eingeführt. Der Lampenkolben wird im Bereich der zukünftigen Stege mit Brennern erhitzt und mittels Stempel geformt, die jeweils einander gegenüberliegen. Diese Technik hat den großen Vorteil, daß die Lage des Leuchtkörpers durch diesen Vorgang nicht mehr nachträglich dejustiert werden kann. Jeder Steg läßt sich besonders einfach herstellen, indem die beiden Stempel, die als konisch zulaufende Rundstäbe ausgebildet sind, zwei hohle, insbesondere trichterförmige "Glasfinger" in die Kolbenwand eindrücken, die sich schließlich in der Lampenachse (oder in deren Nähe) berühren. Der Durchmesser des Trichters an der Kolbenwand und der Grad der Verengung zur Lampenachse hin hängen von der Größe der Aufheizzone an der Kolbenwand ab. Der absolute Wert des Glasrohrdurchmessers in Achsnähe hängt von den Abmessungen des Stempels ab. Im Bereich der Nahtstelle zwischen den beiden "Glasfingern" wird vorteilhaft ein Stopfen, an dem die Naht zwischen den beiden Stopfenhälften noch erkennbar sein kann, stehengelassen, was die Herstellung erheblich vereinfacht. Im Fall der Einquetschtechnik liegt der Leuchtkörper genau zwischen den beiden "Glasfingern" und wird unter Bildung des Stopfens fixiert. Im Fall der Herstellung der furchenartigen Glasstege haben die Stempel ein ovales oder rechteckiges Profil.The webs are manufactured before the piston end is squeezed. The filament is clamped by means of an interchangeable holder and inserted into the bulb, which is open on one side. The lamp bulb is heated in the area of the future webs with burners and shaped by means of stamps, which are opposite each other. This technique has the great advantage that the position of the filament can no longer be subsequently adjusted by this process. Each web can be produced particularly easily by the two stamps, which are designed as conically tapering round rods, pressing two hollow, in particular funnel-shaped "glass fingers" into the bulb wall, which finally touch in the lamp axis (or in its vicinity). The diameter of the funnel on the bulb wall and the degree of narrowing towards the lamp axis depend on the size of the heating zone on the bulb wall. The absolute value of the glass tube diameter near the axis depends on the dimensions of the stamp. In the area of the interface between the two "glass fingers", a stopper on which the seam between the two stopper halves can still be recognized is advantageously left, which considerably simplifies production. In the case of the squeezing technique, the filament lies exactly between the two "glass fingers" and is fixed to form the stopper. In the case of the production of the furrow-like glass webs, the stamps have an oval or rectangular profile.

Insgesamt wird somit eine Halogenglühlampe mit langer Lebensdauer (2000 Std.) vorgestellt, die extrem stoßfest ist und sich für eine einfache Konstruktion mit wenig Bauteilen eignet. Dies führt außerdem dazu, daß im Vergleich zu standardisierten Halogenglühlampen die Baulänge um ca. 30 % verkleinert werden kann, da die Gestellaufbauten in der Nähe des Pumpstengels entfallen. Als Nebeneffekt treten dabei aufgrund des kleineren Kolbenvolumens noch zusätzliche Einsparungen bei den Füllmengen auf. Der Rohrdurchmesser kann um ca. 20 % verkleinert werden.Overall, a halogen incandescent lamp with a long service life (2000 hours) is presented, which is extremely shockproof and is suitable for simple construction with few components. This also means that the overall length can be reduced by approx. 30% in comparison to standardized halogen incandescent lamps, since the frame structures in the vicinity of the pump stem are eliminated. As a side effect, additional savings in filling quantities occur due to the smaller piston volume. The pipe diameter can be reduced by approx. 20%.

Allgemein gilt: Je größer die zu überbrückende Innenabmessung des Kolbens ist, desto größer ist der Wanddickenunterschied im rohrartigen Glassteg. Eine besonders gut an die Glassteg-Technik angepaßte Lampe zeichnet sich durch einen Kolben mit ovalem o.ä. Querschnitt aus. Der "Brückenschlag" für die Stege erfolgt dabei in Richtung der kurzen Halbachse, so daß die Wandstärke der Glasstege nicht zu stark zur Lampenachse hin abnimmt und daher ziemlich homogen bleibt.In general, the larger the internal dimension of the piston to be bridged, the greater the difference in wall thickness in the tubular glass web. A lamp that is particularly well adapted to the glass web technology is characterized by a bulb with an oval or the like. Cross section from. The "bridging" for the webs takes place in the direction of the short semi-axis, so that the wall thickness of the glass webs does not decrease too much towards the lamp axis and therefore remains fairly homogeneous.

Die Lampen gemäß der Erfindung eignen sich für den direkten Betrieb an Netzspannung, worunter ein Bereich von ca. 80 V bis 250 V verstanden werden soll. Typische Wattstufen sind 15 bis 200 W. Diese Lampen werden beispielsweise für Allgemeinbeleuchtungszwecke verwendet.The lamps according to the invention are suitable for direct operation at mains voltage, which should be understood to mean a range from approximately 80 V to 250 V. Typical wattages are 15 to 200 W. These lamps are used, for example, for general lighting purposes.

Die Erfindung eignet sich hauptsächlich für die Halterung von Leuchtkörpern mit zwei Schenkeln. Dies schließt jedoch nicht die Verwendung auch für anders gestaltete Leuchtkörper aus, z.B. mit vier Schenkeln.The invention is primarily suitable for the mounting of luminous bodies with two legs. However, this does not exclude the use for differently designed lamps, e.g. with four legs.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigt schematisch

Figur 1
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Halogenglühlampe in Seitenansicht mit einem Glassteg und einem unterbrochen gewendelten Leuchtkörper
Figur 2
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Halogenglühlampe mit mehreren Glasstegen unter Benutzung eines Furchenstegs in zwei Seitenansichten, jeweils um 90° gedreht
Figur 3
alternative Ausführungen für ein Detail aus Figur 2b in Vergrößerung (Fig. 3a und 3b)
Figur 4
ein Detail aus Fig. 2b im Querschnitt (Fig. 4a) sowie eine alternative Ausführung (Fig. 4b)
Figur 5
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel in Seitenansicht unter Verwendung mehrerer Glasstege und eines durchgehend gewendelten Leuchtkörpers
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of several exemplary embodiments. It shows schematically
Figure 1
a first embodiment of a halogen incandescent lamp in side view with a glass web and an interrupted filament
Figure 2
a second embodiment of a halogen lamp with several glass webs using a furrow bar in two side views, each rotated by 90 °
Figure 3
alternative versions for a detail from FIG. 2b on an enlarged scale (FIGS. 3a and 3b)
Figure 4
a detail from Fig. 2b in cross section (Fig. 4a) and an alternative embodiment (Fig. 4b)
Figure 5
a further embodiment in side view using several glass webs and a continuously coiled filament

Figur 1 zeigt eine Halogenglühlampe 1 für Allgemeinbeleuchtungszwecke mit einer Leistung von 200 W, die sich bevorzugt für den direkten Anschluß an das 110 V-Netz eignet. Sie besitzt einen zylindrischen Kolben 2 aus Quarzglas mit einem Außendurchmesser von etwa 12,5 mm bei einem Innendurchmesser von 10,5 mm (mit einer Toleranz von 0,8 mm) und einer Gesamtlänge von etwa 35 mm. Das eine Ende des Kolbens 2 ist zu einer Kuppe 3 geformt, die mittig eine Pumpspitze 4 aufweist. Das andere Ende des Kolbens ist mit einer Quetschdichtung 5 verschlossen. Der Kolben mit einem Volumen von 1,65 cm³ ist mit einer Inertgasmischung aus 80 % Kr und 20 % N₂ gefüllt, der ein Halogenzusatz aus 0,005 % CBrClF₂ beigefügt ist.FIG. 1 shows a halogen incandescent lamp 1 for general lighting purposes with a power of 200 W, which is preferably suitable for direct connection to the 110 V network. It has a cylindrical piston 2 made of quartz glass with an outer diameter of approximately 12.5 mm with an inner diameter of 10.5 mm (with a tolerance of 0.8 mm) and a total length of approximately 35 mm. One end of the piston 2 is shaped into a dome 3 which has a pump tip 4 in the center. The other end of the piston is closed with a pinch seal 5. The flask with a volume of 1.65 cm³ is filled with an inert gas mixture of 80% Kr and 20% N₂, to which a halogen addition of 0.005% CBrClF₂ is added.

Ein V-förmig gebogener Leuchtkörper 6, der doppelt gewendelt ist, erstreckt sich über nahezu die gesamte Innenlänge des Kolbenvolumens, wobei das Verbindungsteil 7 des V, das abgerundet ist, in der Nähe der Kuppe 3 angeordnet ist, während die beiden geraden Schenkel 8 des V, die die eigentlich leuchtenden, etwa 15 mm langen Wendelarme bilden, sich vom Verbindungsteil 7 zur Quetschdichtung 5 erstrecken und sich dabei zur Quetschdichtung 5 hin leicht von der Lampenachse weg nach außen öffnen. Während die beiden Schenkel 8 doppelt gewendelt sind, ist das Verbindungsteil 7 ungewendelt (oder auch einfach gewendelt). Der Leuchtkörper 6 wird durch einen Glassteg 9 mechanisch gehaltert, der innen an der Rundung des Verbindungsteils 7 anliegt. Der Steg 9 ist ein Glasrohr, das aus dem Material des Kolbens gebildet ist und sich quer zur Lampenachse und zur Ebene des Leuchtkörpers über den Innendurchmesser des Kolbens erstreckt. Das Glasrohr 9 hat in Achsnähe einen Durchmesser von ca. 1,2 mm und weitet sich zur Kolbenwand 2' hin auf beiden Seiten nach Art eines Trichters 10 etwa auf den doppelten (oder auch vierfachen) Durchmesser auf. Im Bereich der Lampenachse ist ein Stopfen 11 im Rohr belassen.A V-shaped lamp body 6, which is double coiled, extends over almost the entire inner length of the bulb volume, the connecting part 7 of the V, which is rounded, in the Arranged near the dome 3, while the two straight legs 8 of the V, which form the actually luminous, about 15 mm long filament arms, extend from the connecting part 7 to the pinch seal 5 and thereby to the pinch seal 5 slightly outward from the lamp axis to open. While the two legs 8 are double coiled, the connecting part 7 is uncoiled (or simply coiled). The luminous element 6 is mechanically held by a glass web 9 which bears against the inside of the rounded part 7. The web 9 is a glass tube which is formed from the material of the bulb and which extends transversely to the lamp axis and to the plane of the luminous element over the inside diameter of the bulb. The glass tube 9 has a diameter of approximately 1.2 mm near the axis and widens toward the piston wall 2 'on both sides in the manner of a funnel 10 to approximately twice (or even four times) the diameter. A plug 11 is left in the tube in the region of the lamp axis.

Die beiden Leuchtkörper-Schenkel 8 gehen an ihren quetschungsseitigen Enden in kurze einfach gewendelte Abschnitte über, die als Stromzuführungen 12 fungieren. Der Leuchtkörper 6 ist im Kolben 2 dadurch gespannt, daß die Stromzuführungen 12 in die Quetschdichtung 5 eingeschmolzen sind und dort an Dichtungsfolien 13 verschweißt sind. Die Stromzuführungen 12 mit einer Gesamtlänge von ca. 6 mm ragen aus der Quetschdichtung 5 ca. 1 - 2 mm in das Kolbenvolumen hinein, weshalb vorteilhaft auf die sonst üblichen Kernstifte verzichtet werden kann. Am äußeren Ende der Folien 13 sind Kontaktstifte 14 angeschweißt, die über das Ende der Quetschdichtung 5 hinaus nach außen ragen.The two luminous limbs 8 merge at their pinch-side ends into short, simply coiled sections which act as power supply lines 12. The luminous element 6 is tensioned in the bulb 2 in that the current leads 12 are melted into the pinch seal 5 and are welded there to sealing foils 13. The power supply lines 12 with a total length of approx. 6 mm protrude from the pinch seal 5 approx. 1 - 2 mm into the piston volume, which is why the usual core pins can advantageously be dispensed with. At the outer end of the films 13 contact pins 14 are welded, which protrude beyond the end of the pinch seal 5 to the outside.

Ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel, dessen Aufbau im wesentlichen mit dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel übereinstimmt, ist in Figur 2 dargestellt. Es handelt sich um eine 220 V-Halogenglühlampe mit einer Leistung von 100 W. Der Leuchtkörper 15 ist jetzt U-förmig gebogen. Die beiden parallel zur Lampenachse geführten Schenkel 8′ des U sind selbst wiederum in zwei leuchtende, doppelt gewendelte Abschnitte 16 untergliedert, die jeweils durch einen einfach gewendelten Abschnitt 17 miteinander verbunden sind. Auch das Verbindungsteil 18 des U ist einfach gewendelt. Es ist quer zur Lampenachse in der Nähe der Pumpspitze 4 angeordnet, wobei zwei kurze Bügel 19 um 90° abgewinkelt sind und sich jeweils zu einem Abschnitt 16 erstrecken.A second exemplary embodiment, the structure of which essentially corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment, is shown in FIG. It is a 220 V halogen incandescent lamp with a power of 100 W. The luminous element 15 is now bent in a U-shape. The two legs 8 'of the U, which run parallel to the lamp axis, are in turn subdivided into two luminous, double-coiled sections 16, which are each connected to one another by a single-coiled section 17. The connecting part 18 of the U is also simply coiled. It is arranged transversely to the lamp axis in the vicinity of the pump tip 4, two short brackets 19 being angled through 90 ° and each extending to a section 16.

In Höhe des Verbindungsteils 18 wird der Leuchtkörper 15 von einem ovalen Glassteg fixiert, dessen beide Hälften als Längsfurchen 20 ausgebildet sind. Sie erstrecken sich über den größten Teil der Länge des Verbindungsteils 18, so daß dieses zwischen den beiden Längsfurchen 20 eingequetscht ist. Zusätzlich ist der Leuchtkörper 15 im Bereich der einfach gewendelten Abschnitte 17 jeweils durch einen weiteren Glassteg fixiert. Es handelt sich um ein Rohr 21, mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt, das sich - wie auch das ovale Rohr - nach Art eines Trichters von der Kolbenwand ausgehend zur Kolbenmitte hin zunehmend verengt. In Höhe des Leuchtkörpers ist ein Stopfen 22 im Rohr belassen, in den der einfach gewendelte Abschnitt 17 mittig eingequetscht ist. Diese Haltetechnik eignet sich insbesondere auch als Alternative für die im ersten Ausführungsbeispiel beschriebene mechanische Halterung bei Verwendung eines einzigen Glasrohrs.At the level of the connecting part 18, the luminous element 15 is fixed by an oval glass web, the two halves of which are designed as longitudinal furrows 20. They extend over most of the length of the connecting part 18, so that it is squeezed between the two longitudinal furrows 20. In addition, the luminous element 15 is fixed in the region of the simply coiled sections 17 by a further glass web. It is a tube 21 with a circular cross-section which - like the oval tube - narrows increasingly like a funnel starting from the piston wall towards the center of the piston. At the level of the luminous element, a stopper 22 is left in the tube, into which the simply coiled section 17 is squeezed in the middle. This holding technique is particularly suitable as an alternative to the mechanical holder described in the first embodiment when using a single glass tube.

Eine andere Variante dieser Einquetschtechnik ist in Figur 3a gezeigt. Ausgehend vom trichterförmigen Ansatz 23 an der Kolbenwand, verengt sich der Glassteg zu einem Rohr 21 konstanten Durchmessers, dessen mittiger Stopfen 22 den Leuchtkörperabschnitt 17 einquetscht. Der Stopfen hat die Form eines Vollzylinders. Um eine verbesserte Kühlung im Bereich des einfach gewendelten Verbindungsabschnitts 17 zu erzielen, kann das Gewendel des Verbindungsabschnitts 17 durch einen Kernstift 36 kurzgeschlossen sein. Diese Technik eignet sich insbesondere auch bei mechanisch halternden Stegen, da hier eine wirksame Kühlung besonders wünschenswert ist.Another variant of this squeezing technique is shown in FIG. 3a. Starting from the funnel-shaped extension 23 on the bulb wall, the glass web narrows to a tube 21 of constant diameter, the central stopper 22 of which squeezes the luminous element section 17. The plug has the shape of a solid cylinder. In order to achieve an improved cooling in the area of the single-helix connection section 17, the helix of the connection section 17 can be short-circuited by a core pin 36. This technique is also particularly suitable for mechanically retaining webs, since effective cooling is particularly desirable here.

Eine alternative Ausführungsform (Fig. 3b) verwendet ein von der Kolbenwand aus stetig trichterförmig zur Lampenmitte hin sich verengendes Rohr 24, dessen Innenwände konvergieren und so den Stopfenbereich 25 bilden, in den der Abschnitt 17 des Leuchtkörpers eingequetscht ist.An alternative embodiment (FIG. 3b) uses a tube 24 which narrows from the bulb wall in a funnel shape towards the center of the lamp, the inner walls of which converge and thus form the plug region 25 into which the section 17 of the luminous element is squeezed.

Figur 4a zeigt einen schematisierten Querschnitt durch die Lampe gemäß Figur 2 in Höhe der beiden trichterförmigen Glasrohre 21, die die beiden Abschnitte 17 durch eine Einquetschung fixieren.FIG. 4a shows a schematic cross section through the lamp according to FIG. 2 at the level of the two funnel-shaped glass tubes 21, which fix the two sections 17 by being pinched.

Für die Wirksamkeit der Einquetschung genügt es, wenn die beiden Steghälften im Bereich des Stopfens 22 lediglich eine gemeinsame Nahtstelle 37 aufweisen, ohne homogen miteinander verschmolzen zu sein (Fig. 4b). Dies läßt sich vorteilhaft bei sämtlichen hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen anwenden.For the effectiveness of the pinching, it is sufficient if the two web halves in the area of the stopper 22 only have a common seam 37 without being homogeneously fused to one another (FIG. 4b). This can be used advantageously in all of the exemplary embodiments described here.

Besonders vorteilhaft wird bei Lampen mit relativ großem Kolbendurchmesser statt eines kreisförmigen Querschnitts ein abgeplatteter, z.B. ovaler oder auch elliptischer, Querschnitt des Kolbens 2˝ verwendet (Fig. 4b). Das Volumen des Kolbens 2˝ braucht sich dabei im Vergleich zu einem zylindrischen Kolben 2 nicht zu ändern. Dagegen verkürzt sich vorteilhaft die Halbachse in Richtung der Glasstege, während sich die Halbachse quer zu den Glasstegen verlängert. Auf diese Weise läßt sich eine größere Wandstärke der Glasrohre im Vergleich zu einem zylindrischen Kolben mit gleichem Volumen erzielen.In the case of lamps with a relatively large bulb diameter, a flattened, e.g. oval or elliptical, cross section of the piston 2˝ used (Fig. 4b). The volume of the piston 2˝ need not change compared to a cylindrical piston 2. In contrast, the semi-axis advantageously shortens in the direction of the glass webs, while the semi-axis extends transversely to the glass webs. In this way, a greater wall thickness of the glass tubes can be achieved compared to a cylindrical piston with the same volume.

Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel ist schließlich in Figur 5 gezeigt. Es handelt sich um eine Halogenglühlampe mit einer Leistung von 50 W. Der Leuchtkörper 26 ist durchgehend gewendelt und U-förmig gebogen. Die Fixierung erfolgt durch zwei Glasrohre 27. Sie quetschen den Leuchtkörper im Bereich der beiden 90°-Biegungen zwischen den Schenkeln 28 und dem Verbindungsteil 29 ein. Der Durchmesser dieser Stege ist jedoch deutlich größer (ca. Faktor 1,4) als bei einer Quetschung eines geraden Leuchtkörperabschnitts, um die 90°-Biegung voll einzuschließen. Alternativ können die beiden Glasrohre 27 auch am querliegenden Verbindungsteil 29 ansetzen, ohne die 90°-Biegungen einzuschließen.Another exemplary embodiment is finally shown in FIG. 5. It is a halogen incandescent lamp with an output of 50 W. The luminous element 26 is continuously coiled and bent in a U-shape. The fixation is carried out by two glass tubes 27. They squeeze the luminous element in the region of the two 90 ° bends between the legs 28 and the connecting part 29. However, the diameter of these webs is significantly larger (approx. Factor 1.4) than if a straight section of the filament was squeezed to fully enclose the 90 ° bend. Alternatively, the two glass tubes 27 can also be attached to the transverse connecting part 29 without including the 90 ° bends.

Im allgemeinen sollte der Durchmesser eines Glasstegs (bzw. dessen Höhe im Fall des furchenartigen Glasstegs) mindestens doppelt so groß sein wie der Durchmesser des einzuquetschenden Leuchtkörperbereichs, um eine sichere Fixierung zu gewährleisten.In general, the diameter of a glass web (or its height in the case of the furrow-like glass web) should be at least twice as large as the diameter of the lamp body area to be squeezed in order to ensure secure fixation.

Bei der 50 W-Lampe ist weiterhin ein zusätzlicher Trennsteg 30 in etwa mittig im Lampenkolben angeordnet, so daß er sich in Höhe der Schenkelmitte zwischen den beiden Schenkeln 28 und quer zu ihnen erstreckt. Der Trennsteg verhindert ein Zusammenschlagen der beiden relativ langen Schenkel 28. Die Verwendung eines Trennstegs 30 (oder auch mehrerer) ist immer dann vorteilhaft, wenn man eine direkte Fixierung der Leuchtkörperschenkel vermeiden will oder auch die Bereitstellung einfach oder ungewendelter Leuchtkörperabschnitte im Bereich der ansonsten doppelt gewendelten Schenkel unerwünscht ist. Dieser Trennsteg 30 ist ebenfalls als trichterförmiges Glasrohr ausgebildet.In the case of the 50 W lamp, an additional separating web 30 is also arranged approximately centrally in the lamp bulb, so that it extends at the level of the center of the leg between the two legs 28 and transversely to them. The separating web prevents the two relatively long legs 28 from being knocked together. The use of a dividing web 30 (or more) is always advantageous if one wants to avoid direct fixation of the filament legs or also the provision of single or uncoiled filament portions in the area of the otherwise doubly coiled Thigh is undesirable. This separating web 30 is also designed as a funnel-shaped glass tube.

Auch hier eignen sich Kernstifte 36 in Höhe des Trennstegs 30 dazu, eine vorzeitige Schwärzung o.ä. zu verhindern.Core pins 36 at the level of the separating web 30 are also suitable here for premature blackening or the like. to prevent.

Durch ihre verstärkte Kompaktifizierung eignen sich derartige Lampen besonders gut für den Einbau in einen Außenkolben.Due to their increased compactification, such lamps are particularly well suited for installation in an outer bulb.

In Figur 6 ist als Beispiel die bisher beschriebene Halogenglühlampe der Figur 5 in einem Außenkolben 31 montiert. Die evtl. zweiteiligen Stromzuführungen 32 sind in einem Tellerfuß 33 eingequetscht, der im Hals 34 des evakuierten Außenkolbens 31 eingeschmolzen ist. Der Außenkolben 31 trägt einen Schraubsockel 35.In FIG. 6, the halogen incandescent lamp of FIG. 5 described so far is mounted in an outer bulb 31 as an example. The possibly two-part power supply lines 32 are squeezed into a plate foot 33, which is melted into the neck 34 of the evacuated outer bulb 31. The outer bulb 31 carries a screw base 35.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Die einzelnen Merkmale verschiedener Ausführungsbeispiele können untereinander kombiniert werden. Insbesondere eignet sich die Erfindung auch für Halogenglühlampen für den Netzbetrieb an 110 V. Des weiteren können die beiden Schenkel des Leuchtkörpers nochmals unterteilt sein. Die Füllung kann auch aus anderen an sich bekannten Bestandteilen bestehen, z.B. kann als Halogenzusatz CH₂Br₂ verwendet werden. Als Kolbenmaterial eignet sich auch Hartglas, wobei der Leuchtkörper über an sich bekannte massive Stromzuführungen, die in die Quetschdichtung direkt eingeschmolzen sind, mit äußeren Kontaktstiften o.ä. verbunden ist. Die Entscheidung, welche Art von Glasstegen in welcher Zahl verwendet wird, hängt zum einen von den Temperaturverhältnissen und zum anderen von der freien Länge der Leuchtkörperabschnitte sowie der Gestalt des Leuchtkörpers ab. Ein Anhaltspunkt für die freie Länge ist der dort auftretende Spannungsabfall. Er sollte ca. 60 V nicht überschreiten.The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown. The individual features of different exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another. It is particularly suitable the invention also for halogen incandescent lamps for mains operation at 110 V. Furthermore, the two legs of the filament can be subdivided again. The filling can also consist of other components known per se, for example CH₂Br₂ can be used as a halogen additive. Hard glass is also suitable as the bulb material, the luminous element being provided with external contact pins or the like via solid current leads known per se, which are melted directly into the pinch seal. connected is. The decision as to which type of glass webs is used in which number depends on the one hand on the temperature conditions and on the other hand on the free length of the lamp body sections and the shape of the lamp body. An indication of the free length is the voltage drop that occurs there. It should not exceed approx. 60 V.

Die Zahl der Glasstege variiert insbesondere je nach der Leistungsstufe der Lampe und der Länge des Leuchtkörpers sowie dessen Stabilität hinsichtlich des Durchhängens. Für steife Leuchtkörper mit hoher Leistung genügt u.U. bereits ein Glassteg. Für weniger steife Leuchtkörper mit geringer Leistung können unter Umständen auch mehr als drei Glasstege Verwendung finden.The number of glass webs varies in particular depending on the power level of the lamp and the length of the filament and its stability with regard to sagging. For stiff lamps with high performance may be sufficient already a glass walkway. Under certain circumstances, more than three glass webs can be used for less stiff lamps with low power.

Mit der Erfindung steht eine preisgünstige Halogenglühlampe mit geringer Leistungsaufnahme bis herab zu 15 W für den direkten Netzanschluß zur Verfügung, wie sie für die Allgemeinbeleuchtung von besonderem Interesse ist.The invention provides an inexpensive halogen incandescent lamp with low power consumption down to 15 W for direct mains connection, as is of particular interest for general lighting.

Claims (14)

  1. Halogen lamp (1), pinched at one end, for operating from mains voltage, comprising
    a hermetically sealed bulb (2) made from transparent material, which defines a longitudinal axis,
    a filling of inert gas and a halogen-containing admixture,
    a luminous element (6; 15; 26) having at least two limbs and a connecting part, in particular a V-shaped or U-shaped luminous element,
    a glass web (9) which holds the luminous element (6; 15; 26) in the region of the connecting part (7) and
    a power supply system which is connected to the two limb ends of the luminous element,
    characterized in that the luminous element (6; 15; 26) is held exclusively by one or more webs (9; 20; 21; 27; 30) which are formed from the material of the bulb and extend essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis respectively between two points of the bulb side walls which are approximately opposite one another.
  2. Halogen lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the luminous element (6; 15; 26) defines a plane, the webs (9; 20; 21; 27; 30) extending transverse to the longitudinal axis and to the plane of the luminous element.
  3. Halogen lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one first glass web (9) is used which holds the luminous element in the region of the connecting part (7).
  4. Halogen lamp according to Claim 3, characterized in that at least two further glass webs (21) fix the luminous element in the region of the limb (8′).
  5. Halogen lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the luminous element (15; 26) is pinched at least at one part of the webs (20; 21; 27).
  6. Halogen lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the luminous element (6) is held mechanically at least by one part of the webs (9).
  7. Halogen lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the webs (9; 21; 27; 30) are of tubular shape.
  8. Halogen lamp according to Claim 7, characterized in that the webs widen in the shape of a funnel towards the bulb wall.
  9. Halogen lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the luminous element (15) is subdivided into a plurality of luminous sections (16) which are separated by one or more connecting section(s) (17), the luminous sections (16) being doubly spiralled and the connection section(s) (17) being singly spiralled or not being spiralled.
  10. Halogen lamp according to Claim 9, characterized in that the webs (21) hold the luminous element (15) in the region of the connecting sections (17).
  11. Halogen lamp according to Claim 3, characterized in that the luminous element (15) is bent in a U-shaped fashion and the web (20) which holds the luminous element (15) in the region of the connecting part (17) has an oval cross-section.
  12. Halogen lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bulb is a tube having a circular or flattened cross-section, the webs extending parallel to the shorter transverse axis in the latter case.
  13. Halogen lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that the helical sections (17) adjacent to a glass web (21; 30) are equipped with a core pin (36) for better cooling.
  14. Method for producing a halogen lamp according to Claim 1, characterized in that each web is formed by providing that after the insertion of the luminous element the lamp bulb, which is open at one end, is heated in a punctiform fashion using two burners, which are opposite one another, and is pressed in using two plungers.
EP90124460A 1990-03-15 1990-12-17 Halogen incandescent lamp having a single pinch Expired - Lifetime EP0446460B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4008367A DE4008367A1 (en) 1990-03-15 1990-03-15 ONE-SIDED CRUSHED HALOGEN BULB
DE4008367 1990-03-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0446460A2 EP0446460A2 (en) 1991-09-18
EP0446460A3 EP0446460A3 (en) 1992-02-26
EP0446460B1 true EP0446460B1 (en) 1995-11-08

Family

ID=6402318

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90124460A Expired - Lifetime EP0446460B1 (en) 1990-03-15 1990-12-17 Halogen incandescent lamp having a single pinch

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0446460B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2593589B2 (en)
KR (1) KR0156004B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE130123T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4008367A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2079426T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1000611A1 (en)
HU (1) HU207177B (en)

Cited By (1)

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EP1670037A1 (en) 2004-09-10 2006-06-14 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Incandescent lamp

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DE69400272T2 (en) * 1993-03-19 1997-01-02 Philips Electronics Nv Electric light bulb
EP0802561B1 (en) * 1996-04-19 2000-07-19 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Halogen lamp
DE29612757U1 (en) * 1996-07-24 1997-11-20 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Electric light bulb closed on one side
DE10236549A1 (en) 2002-08-08 2004-03-04 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Electric light bulb
DE102004028004A1 (en) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-29 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH A method of processing a lamp and lamp processed by such a method
DE102004033117A1 (en) * 2004-07-08 2006-01-26 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH halogen bulb
DE102004060918A1 (en) 2004-12-17 2006-06-22 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH PAR lamp arrangement
DE102005019113A1 (en) 2005-04-25 2006-10-26 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Halogen incandescent lamp and method for its production
DE102005019829A1 (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-02 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Reflector lamp with high voltage operation includes filament segments retained in a plane perpendicular with the lamp longitudinal axis by funnel-shaped pinches turned-in from the planar top
DE102005045644A1 (en) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-29 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Electric lamp with holding nubs for the filament
DE202006002562U1 (en) * 2006-02-17 2006-04-27 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Electric lamp with holding pinch for the lamp
DE202008009152U1 (en) 2008-07-08 2008-09-11 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung halogen bulb
DE102008032167A1 (en) 2008-07-08 2010-01-14 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung halogen bulb
DE102008054287A1 (en) 2008-11-03 2010-05-06 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Halogen bulb for operation on mains voltage
DE102008061776A1 (en) 2008-12-11 2010-06-17 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung halogen bulb
DE102008063622A1 (en) 2008-12-18 2010-06-24 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Halogen filament lamp for illuminating small vehicle, has piston comprising section which is provided with structure that acts as retroreflector, where infrared coating is provided in retroreflector

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US3237045A (en) * 1962-03-16 1966-02-22 Gen Electric Bent end electric lamp having lead wires anchored at ends of bend and provided with expansion portion
CA1245704A (en) 1984-09-04 1988-11-29 Arnold E. Westlund, Jr. Bridgeless tungsten halogen lamp

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1670037A1 (en) 2004-09-10 2006-06-14 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Incandescent lamp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1000611A1 (en) 1998-04-09
EP0446460A3 (en) 1992-02-26
ES2079426T3 (en) 1996-01-16
JP2593589B2 (en) 1997-03-26
ATE130123T1 (en) 1995-11-15
JPH04220943A (en) 1992-08-11
HU910853D0 (en) 1991-09-30
HUT57474A (en) 1991-11-28
DE4008367A1 (en) 1991-09-26
EP0446460A2 (en) 1991-09-18
DE59009860D1 (en) 1995-12-14
HU207177B (en) 1993-03-01
KR0156004B1 (en) 1998-11-16

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