Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
  • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
  • G03C1/0051—Tabular grain emulsions

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material, more specifically to a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which offers high sensitivity and high quality.
• tabular grains of silver halide have been actively investigated by many researchers since they are favorable for sensitivity improvement.
• tabular silver halide emulsions comprising silver iodobromide grains wherein silver iodide is localized are drawing much attention as having excellent properties.
• the localized silver iodide described above is produced by supplying a water-soluble silver salt and a water-soluble halide into an aqueous solution containing a protective colloid by the double jet method or the triple jet method and depositing them on silver halide crystals.
• Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection No. 58237/1987 and Japanese Patent Examined Publication No. 38692/1988 disclose a production method of producing a silver halide emulsion comprising twin crystals either by adding a portion of the silver iodide to be deposited in an aqueous halogen solution and carrying out a conversion reaction with a highly soluble halide or by adding a portion of the silver iodide to be deposited as such and depositing it on silver halide crystals.
• Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection No. 153428/1977 discloses a production method for a silver halide emulsion comprising twin crystals in which silver iodide crystals are first formed, and then silver ions and bromide ions are supplied by the double jet method and a silver iodobromide emulsion is formed.
• Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection No. 183644/1989 discloses a production method for a tabular silver halide in which fine grains of silver iodobromide crystal prepared outside the reactor are supplied to the reactor and deposited on the seed crystal.
• the prior art includes a tabular twin crystal emulsion with uniform grain size, described in Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection No. 14636/1986, and another tabular twin crystal emulsion wherein the relative standard deviation among the grains is not more than 20%, described in Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection No. 209445/1987.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which offers high sensitivity and high image quality, more specifically a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion which serves to accomplish the object described above and a method of its production.
• the object of the present invention described above is accomplished by the silver halide photographic light-sensitive material described below.
• twin crystal mentioned herein means a silver halide crystal wherein more than one twin plane is present in each grain.
• Detailed description of the morphological classification of twin crystals appears in a report by Klein and Moisar "Photographishe Korrespondenz", vol. 99, p. 99 and vol. 100, p.57.
• the two or more planes of the twin crystal may be parallel to each other or not.
• the silver halide emulsion of the present invention preferably mainly comprises two or more parallel twin planes, with further preference given to an even number of twin planes, ideally two twin planes.
• mainly comprising a twin crystal having two or more parallel twin planes means that the number ratio of grains of twin crystal grains having two or more parallel twin planes is not less than 50%, preferably not less than 60%, and ideally not less than 70%, as counted in the descending order of grain size.
• the twin crystal of the present invention may be any one of a twin crystal comprising ⁇ 111 ⁇ planes, a twin crystal comprising ⁇ 100 ⁇ planes and a twin crystal comprising both of them, but preference is given to a twin crystal comprising ⁇ 111 ⁇ planes.
• the ratio of the diameter of the circle converted from a projection of the grain at a right angle with respect to the twin plane and the distance (thickness) of two parallel extragranular surfaces be 1 to 20, more preferably between 1.2 and 8, and ideally between 1.5 and 5.0.
• mainly comprising twin crystals means that the number ratio of twin crystal grains to all grains is not less than 60%, preferably not less than 80%, and ideally between 95 and 100%.
• the silver iodobromide emulsion mainly comprising twin crystals is a monodispersed emulsion.
• the monodispersed silver halide emulsion means a silver halide emulsion wherein the weight of silver halide grains which fall in the grain size range ⁇ 20% of the average grain size d is not less than 70% of the total silver halide weight, preferably not less than 80%, and more preferably not less than 90%.
• average grain diameter d is defined as the grain diameter di which gives a maximum value for ni x di3, wherein di denotes the grain diameter and ni denotes the number of grains having a diameter of di (significant up to three digits, rounded off at the last digit).
• the grain diameter stated here is the diameter of a circle converted from a grain projection image with the same area.
• Grain size can be obtained by measuring the diameter of the grain or the area of projected circle on an electron micrograph taken at x 10000 to 50000 (the number of subject grains should be not less than 1000 randomly).
• a highly monodispersed emulsion preferred for the present invention has a distribution width of not more than 20%, more preferably not more than 15%, defined as follows:
• grain size is measured by the method described above, and average grain size is expressed in arithmetic mean.
• the average grain size of the silver halide emulsion of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 10.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.2 to 5.0 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 0.3 to 3.0 ⁇ m.
• the silver halide emulsion of the present invention preferably comprises a silver iodobromide having an average silver iodide content of 4 to 20 mol%, more preferably 5 to 15 mol%.
• the silver halide emulsion of the present invention may contain silver chloride as long as the effect of the present invention is not interfered with.
• the silver halide emulsion of the present invention meets the relationship of J1 > J2 when the average silver iodide content (J1) obtained by fluorescence X-ray analysis and the average value (J2) of measurements of silver iodide content obtained on silver halide crystal at a point over 80% apart from the core in the direction of grain diameter by X-ray microanalysis are compared.
• Silver halide grains are dispersed in an electron microscopic grid on an electron microscope in combination with an energy dispersion type X-ray analyzer, and magnification power is set so that a single grain appears in the CRT field under cooling with liquid nitrogen.
• the intensity of AgL ⁇ ray and that of IL ⁇ ray are integrated for a given period. From the IL ⁇ /AgL ⁇ intensity ratio and a calibration curve prepared in advance, the silver iodide content can be calculated.
• the center of the grain is the center of an tangential circle.
• the emulsion of the present invention satisfies the requirements that when the average silver iodide content for each silver halide grain is measured by the X-ray microanalysis technique described above, the relative standard deviation should be not more than 20%, preferably not more than 15%, and ideally not more than 12%.
• the relative standard deviation is obtained by multiplying by 100 the value obtained by dividing by the average silver iodide content the standard deviation of silver iodide content for a given number of emulsion grains, for example, 100 emulsion grains.
• the silver halide emulsion of the present invention is characterized by the presence of a signal over a range of not less than 1.5 degrees of diffraction angle at a maximum peak height x 0.13 of (420) X-ray diffraction using CuK ⁇ ray as the irradiation source. It is more preferable that a signal exists over a range of not less than 1.5 degrees, still more preferably not less than 1.8 degrees, and ideally not less than 2.0 degrees, of diffraction angle at a maximum peak height x 0.15.
• the signal preferably exists continuously.
• the existence of a signal means that the signal has an intensity exceeding the maximum peak height at the maximum peak height x 0.13 or 0.15.
• a more preferred mode of the silver halide emulsion of the present invention is such that the (420) X-ray diffraction signal described above, obtained using Cuk ⁇ ray as the irradiation source, has two or three peaks, with further preference given to the possession of three peaks.
• X-ray irradiation source various characteristic X-rays can be used, of which CuK ⁇ ray, wherein Cu is the target, is most commonly used.
• the determination can be achieved with reference to, for example, Kiso Bunseki Kagaku Koza 24 "X-ray Analysis", published by Kyoritsu Shuppan.
• the emulsion of the present invention preferably satisfies the following requirements.
• the average silver iodide content (J1) obtained by fluorescent X-ray analysis and the grain surface silver iodide content (J3) obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry maintain the relationship of J1 > J3.
• the emulsion Prior to X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, the emulsion is pre-treated as follows: First, a pronase solution is added to the emulsion, followed by gelatin decomposition with stirring at 40°C for 1 hour. Then, centrifugation is conducted to precipitate the emulsion grains. After removing the supernatant, an aqueous solution of pronase is added, followed by further gelatin decomposition under the same conditions as above. The sample thus treated is re-centrifuged. After removing the supernatant, distilled water is added to disperse the emulsion grains therein, followed by centrifugation and decantation. After this washing procedure is repeated in three cycles, the emulsion grains are dispersed in ethanol. The resulting dispersion is thinly applied over a mirror-polished silicon wafer to yield a subject sample.
• X-ray photoelectron spectrometric determination is made using, for example, the ESCA/SAM560 model spectrometer, produced by PHI Co., under conditions of Mg-K ⁇ ray as the excitation X-ray, 15 KV of X-ray source voltage, 40 mA of X-ray source current and 50 eV of pass energy.
• composition ratio is calculated from the integrated intensity in each peak by the relative sensitivity coefficient method.
• the composition ratio is obtained as an atomic number percent ratio using relative sensitivity coefficients of 5.10, 0.81 and 4.592 respectively for Ag3d, Br3d and I3d3/2.
• the silver halide emulsion of the present invention has a phase of high silver iodide content in each grain.
• the silver iodide content of the high silver iodide content phase is preferably 15 to 45 mol%, more preferably 20 to 42 mol%, and ideally 25 to 40 mol%.
• the high silver iodide content phase of the silver halide grains of the present invention is covered with a lower silver iodide content phase or silver chlorobromide phase.
• the average silver iodide content of the lower silver iodide content phase, which forms the outermost phase, is preferably not more than 6 mol%, ideally 0 to 4 mol%. Also, another phase containing silver iodide (intermediate phase) may be present between the outermost phase and the high silver iodide content phase.
• the silver iodide content of the intermediate phase is preferably 10 to 22 mol%, and ideally 12 to 20 mol%.
• another silver halide phase may be present in the center of the inner high silver iodide content phase, between the inner high silver iodide content phase and the intermediate phase, and between the intermediate phase and the outermost phase.
• the volume of the outermost phase be 4 to 70 mol% of the entire grain volume, more preferably 10 to 50 mol%. It is desirable that the volume of the high silver iodide content phase be 10 to 80% of the entire grain volume, more preferably 20 to 50%, and still more preferably 20 to 45%.
• the volume of the intermediate phase is preferably 5 to 60%, more preferably 20 to 55%, of the entire grain volume.
• Each of these phases may be a single phase of uniform composition, or a group of phases of uniform composition with its composition varying in steps. It may also be a continuous phase wherein continuous composition change occurs in any phase, and may be a combination thereof.
• Another mode of embodiment of the present invention is such that the silver iodide content changes continuously from the grain center toward outside, rather than a substantially uniform phase of silver iodide localized in each grain.
• the silver iodide content preferably decreases monotonously from the point of maximum silver iodide content toward the outside.
• the silver iodide content at the point of maximum silver iodide content is preferably 15 to 45 mol%, more preferably 25 to 40 mol%.
• the silver halide be a silver iodobromide or silver chlorobromide with a grain surface phase silver iodide content of not more than 6 mol%, with particular preference given to a silver iodobromide having a silver iodide content of 0 to 4 mol%.
• the silver halide emulsion of the present invention can be used in combination with other emulsions as long as the effect of the present invention is not interfered with.
• silver halide grains (A) mainly comprising monodispersed twin crystals containing two or more kinds of halogen three elements are necessary: (1) monodispersed silver halide grains in the course of growth to (A), (2) silver halide grains (B) (referred to as AgX fine grains) with a solubility product lower than that of the growing grains, and (3) a supplementary AgX component supplied, along with AgX fine grains, to precipitate the mixed crystal on the seed grains.
• the monodispersed seed grains for the present invention mainly comprise twin crystals.
• twin crystals mainly comprising twin crystals
• the number ratio of twin crystals exceeds 50%, preferably not less than 80%, and ideally not less than 95%.
• Monodispersed twin crystal seed grains can be obtained by ripening multiple twin crystal nucleus grains in the presence of a silver halide solvent to form spherical twin crystal seed grains, as described in Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection No. 6643/1986, for instance.
• this method comprises the following processes (a) and (b).
• the mother liquid is a solution (including the silver halide emulsion) used for preparation of the silver halide emulsion until a finished photographic emulsion is obtained.
• the silver halide grains formed in the nucleus grain formation process described above are twin crystal grains comprising a silver iodobromide containing 0 to 5 mol% silver iodide.
• the nucleus grain formation process for the present invention is defined as a process which precedes the seed grain formation process, which may include a grain growth period after the period of from initiation of addition of the water-soluble silver salt in the protective colloid solution to substantial termination of formation of new crystal nuclei.
• the size distribution of nucleus grains is not subjected to limitation, whether it is monodispersed or polydispersed.
• the polydispersion mentioned herein means that the coefficient of variation for grain sizes (the same as the distribution width described above) exceeds 25%.
• the nucleus grains of the present invention preferably contain twin crystal grains in a number ratio of at least 50% to all nucleus grains, more preferably not less than 70%, and ideally not less than 90%.
• the seed grain formation process wherein the nucleus grains obtained in the nucleus grain formation process are ripen in the presence of a silver halide solvent to yield seed grains comprising monodispersed spherical grains is described below.
• Ripening in the presence of a silver halide solvent (hereinafter simply referred to as ripening) is considered as different from Ostwald ripening, in which in the presence of larger grains and smaller grains, the smaller ones dissolve while the larger ones grow, which result in wider grain size distribution.
• substantially monodispersed spherical seed grains are obtained by ripening the mother liquid after being subjected to the nucleus grain formation process in which twin crystal nucleus grains are formed using a silver halide having a silver iodide content of 0 to 5 mol% described above in the presence of a 10 ⁇ 5 to 2.0 mol/mol silver halide solvent.
• substantially monodispersed means that the distribution width as defined above is less than 25%.
• said spherical grains preferably account for not less than 60% of the all seed grains, more preferably not less than 80%, and it is still more preferable that they account for almost all seed grains.
• Examples of the silver halide solvent used in the seed grain formation process of the present invention include (a) the organic thioethers described in US Patent Nos. 3,271,157, 3,531,289 and 3,574,628, Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection Nos. 1019/1979 and 158917/1979, and Japanese Patent Examined Publication No. 30571/1983, (b) the thiourea derivatives described in Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection Nos. 82408/1978, 29829/1980 and 77737/1980, (c) the AgX solvents described in Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection Nos.
• solvents can be used in combination of two or more kinds.
• preferred solvents include thioethers, thiocyanates, thioureas, ammonia and bromides, with further preference given to a combination of ammonia and bromide.
• the pH be 3 to 13 and the temperature be 30 to 70°C, with further preference given to a pH of 6 to 12 and a temperature of 35 to 50°C.
• an emulsion containing preferred seed grains was obtained by ripening a combination of 0.4 to 1.0 mol/l ammonia and 0.03 to 0.5 mol/l potassium bromide at a pH of 10.8 to 11.2 and a temperature of 35 to 45°C for 30 seconds to 10 minutes.
• an water-soluble silver salt may be added during the seed grain formation process of the present invention.
• a combination of silver halide grains (B) with a lower solubility product than that of seed grains and a supplementary AgX component are selected according to the halide composition of the silver halide grains (A) as follows.
• the fine AgX grains supply at least 50%, more preferably not less than 70%, and ideally not less than 90% of a halide component of silver halide grains (A) whose salt with silver is lower in solubility than the seed grains.
• the seed grains preferably exist in the mother liquor along with hydrophilic protective colloid in advance of the fine grains and the supplementary AgX component, and the fine grains of AgX and the supplementary AgX component are continuously supplied to this mother liquid.
• Continuous supply includes the addition of fine grains of AgX and supplementary AgX component according to consumption of fine grains of AgX and supplementary AgX component, which addition may be conducted intermittently or in a number of stages.
• the supplementary AgX component is preferably a soluble silver salt and soluble halide, which soluble silver salt is exemplified by silver nitrate and which soluble bromide exemplified by potassium bromide and ammonium bromide.
• the supplementary AgX component may contain a part of the halogen component supplied from the fine grains of AgX as long as it does not interfere with the performance.
• the fine grains of AgX are preferably monodispersed. Also, its average grain size should not always be fine, but the average grain size is normally not more than 0.7 ⁇ m, preferably 0.3 to 0.005 ⁇ m.
• an optimum addition rate is selected which does not result in the formation of new nuclei or occurrence of Ostwald ripening of growing grains. It is preferable to use ammoniac silver nitrate to prepare the supplementary Agx component.
• the mother liquid is kept at a temperature of 10 to 80°C, preferably 20 to 75°C, a pAg of 6 to 11, preferably 7.5 to 10.5, and a pH of 5 to 11, preferably 5.5 to 10.
• an AgX grain adsorbing substance other than gelatin may be added.
• Such adsorptive substances include compounds used in the relevant field as sensitizing dyes, as antifogging agents, or as stabilizers or heavy metal ions. Examples of the adsorptive substance described above are given in Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection No. 7040/1987.
• at least one kind of antifogging agent or stabilizer is preferably added upon preparation of the seed emulsion since emulsion fogging is reduced and time stability is improved.
• heterocyclic mercapto compounds and/or azaindene compounds are preferred.
• heterocyclic mercapto compounds and azaindene compounds are described in detail in Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection No. 41848/1988, which serve for the present invention.
• the addition amount of the heterocyclic mercapto compound or azaindene compound is not limited, it is preferably added in a ratio of 1 x 10 ⁇ 5 to 3 x 10 ⁇ 2 mol, more preferably 5 x 10 ⁇ 5 to 3 x 10 ⁇ 3 mol per mol AgX.
• a proper amount is selected according to AgX grain preparation conditions, average grain size and type of the compound described above.
• the finished emulsion after being provided with a given set of grain properties are desalted by a known method after AgX grain formation.
• Desalting can be accomplished by use of a flocculent gelatin, etc. used to desalt AgX grains as seed grains described in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 81373/1987 and 9047/1988, or by the noodle washing method wherein gelatin is gelled, or by the flocculation method utilizing an inorganic polyvalent anionic substance such as sodium sulfate, anionic surfactant, anionic polymer (e.g., polystyrenesulfonic acid).
• an inorganic polyvalent anionic substance such as sodium sulfate, anionic surfactant, anionic polymer (e.g., polystyrenesulfonic acid).
• the silver halide emulsion should have been subjected to physical ripening, chemical ripening and spectral sensitization. Additives used in these processes are described in Research Disclosure Nos. 17643, 18716 and 308119 (hereinafter referred to as RD17643, RD18716 and RD308119, respectively).
• Couplers can be used for the present invention. Examples thereof are described in the above Research Disclosures.
• the additives used for the present invention can be added by, for example, the dispersion method described in RD308119 XIV.
• the light-sensitive material of the present invention may be provided with auxiliary layers such as a filter layer and an interlayer as described in the above RD308119 VII-K.
• the light-sensitive material of the present invention can have various layer structures such as ordinary layer structure, reverse layer structure and unit structure as described in the above RD308119 VII-K.
• the present invention is applicable to various color light-sensitive materials represented by color negative films for ordinary or movie use, color reversal films for slides or televisions, color papers, color positive films, and color reversal papers.
• the light-sensitive material of the present invention can be developed by the ordinary processes described in the above RD17643 pp. 28-29, RD18716 p. 647 and RD308119 XIX.
• aqueous solution containing 5 wt% ossein gelatin was added to a reaction vessel, and 1 mol of a 3.5 N aqueous solution of silver nitrate and 1 mol of a 3.5 N aqueous solution of potassium iodide were added at constant rate over a period of 30 minutes with stirring at 40°C.
• a pAg of 13.5 was maintained by a conventional method of pAg control.
• the resulting silver iodide was found to be a mixture of ⁇ -AgI and ⁇ -AgI of 0.06 ⁇ m in average grain size.
• This emulsion is referred to as AgI fine grain emulsion.
• a monodispersed spherical seed emulsion was prepared as follows:
• solutions B3 and C3 were added by the double jet method over a period of 30 seconds to form cores.
• pBr was maintained between 1.09 and 1.15.
• solution D3 was added over a period of 20 seconds, followed by ripening for 5 minutes.
• the KBr concentration was 0.071 mol/l and the ammonia concentration was 0.63 mol/l.
• this seed emulsion was a monodispersed spherical emulsion of 0.36 ⁇ m in average grain size and 18% in distribution width.
• This emulsion is hereinafter referred to as seed emulsion.
• solutions B1, C1 and D1 were added to solution A1 at 60°C by the double-jet precipitation method over a period of 114 minutes, and the seed crystal was grown until it reached 0.85 ⁇ m in diameter.
• Solutions B1 and C1 were added at an appropriate rate changed as a function of time according to the critical rate of grain growth to prevent the occurrence of small grains other than growing seed crystals and polydispersion due to Ostwald ripening.
• Supply of solution D1 i.e., the silver iodide fine grain emulsion, was performed while changing the ratio of its addition rate (molar ratio) to the addition rate of the aqueous solution of ammoniacal silver nitrate with respect to grain size (addition time) to prepare a multiple-layered core/shell emulsion (Table 1).
• the core/shell emulsion was desalted by a conventional method and then gelatin was added and dissolved therein.
• the entire amount of emulsion (10 mol) was diluted with distilled water to make a total quantity of 4250 ml.
• a pH of 5.80 and a pAg of 8.1 were maintained at 40°C.
• Em-1 This emulsion is hereinafter referred to as Em-1.
• an emulsion of 1.40 ⁇ m in average grain size of the present invention was prepared.
• a 0.407 mol equivalent seed emulsion was added to aqueous solution A2 of the composition described above while vigorously stirring the solution at a temperature of 60°C, and the pH and pAg were adjusted with acetic acid and an aqueous solution of potassium bromide.
• solutions B2 and C2 and an emulsion solution D2 containing fine grains of silver iodide were added at the flow rates shown in Table 3, respectively, by the triple jet method.
• Em-2 This emulsion is referred to as Em-2.
• the grain structure and volume ratio by internal phase of the Em-2 grain are given in Table 4.
• Example 3 of Japanese Patent Examined Publication No. 38692/1989 a silver iodobromide emulsion of 8.0 mol % in average silver iodide content containing tabular silver halide grains having a phase of high silver iodide content in the core was prepared.
• Solution A3 being kept at a pAg of 9.0 and a pH of 6.5 at 77°C was vigorously stirred, and solutions B3 ⁇ 1 and C3 ⁇ 1 were simultaneously added over a period of 10 seconds. Subsequently, solutions B3 ⁇ 2 and C3 ⁇ 2 were simultaneously added by the double jet method over a period of 65 minutes. Addition was once stopped 20 minutes after initiation of addition of solutions B3 ⁇ 2 and C3 ⁇ 1, and solution D3 was added over a period of 5 minutes, and then solutions B3 ⁇ 2 and C3 ⁇ 2 were again added.
• Em-A-1 This emulsion is referred to as Em-A-1.
• Em-A-2 A comparative emulsion Em-A-2 was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that solution A3 was kept at 65°C. This emulsion is referred to as Em-A-2.
• solutions B4 ⁇ 1 and C4 ⁇ 1 were added over a period of 30 seconds. Then, the pAg was raised to 10, and ripening was carried out for 30 minutes to yield a seed emulsion. Subsequently, solutions B4 ⁇ 2 and C4 ⁇ 2 in a equimolar ratio were added at a rate near the critical growth rate at a given temperature and given pAg to yield a core emulsion, followed by addition of the remaining portion of solution B4 ⁇ 2 and solution C4 ⁇ 3 in an equimolar ratio at a rate near the critical growth rate to cover the core grain to yield a core/shell grain emulsion. After completion of addition, desalting and washing were carried out by standard methods.
• Em-B-1 This emulsion is referred to as Em-B-1.
• Em-B-2 A comparative emulsion Em-B-2 was prepared in the same manner as with Em-B-1 of Comparative Example 3 except that solution A4 was kept at 45°C. This emulsion is referred to as Em-B-2.
• the tabular silver bromide grains (hereinafter referred to as seed crystal) thus formed was washed by the standard flocculation method and adjusted to a pH of 6.0 and a pAg of 7.5 at 40°C.
• the obtained tabular grains had an average projected area circle equivalent diameter of 0.4 ⁇ m.
• a 1/10 portion of this seed crystal was dissolved in 1 l of a solution containing 3 wt% gelatin, and this solution was kept at a temperature of 75°C and a pBr of 1.1.
• an aqueous solution containing 150 g of silver nitrate, a solution of potassium bromide and silver nitrate in a equimolar ratio containing 10 mol% of potassium iodide, and 250 ml of an aqueous solution of 3 wt% gelatin were added at increasing flow rate (the flow rate at completion of addition was 10 times that at initiation) by the triple jet method over a period of 80 minutes.
• the very fine grains which were formed by stirring and reaction in the mixer were immediately introduced into the reaction vessel continuously. Throughout this procedure, the mixer was kept at a temperature of 35°C and a pBr of 2.6. Then, desalting and washing were performed by conventional methods.
• Em-C-1 This emulsion is referred to as Em-C-1.
• a comparative emulsion Em-C-2 was prepared in the same manner as with Em-C-1 of Comparative Example 5 except that the amount of tabular silver bromide core grains used for seed grain growth was changed to 2.13 times that used in Comparative Example 5.
• figures for addition amount in silver halide photographic light-sensitive material are expressed in gram per m2 unless otherwise stated.
• silver halide and colloidal silver figures are given as silver content.
• sensitizing dyes figures are mol per mol silver.
• Layers of the following compositions were formed on a triacetyl cellulose film support in this order from the support side to yield a multiple-layered color photographic light-sensitive material sample No. 101.
• a coating aid Su-2 a dispersing agent Su-2, a viscosity increasing agent, hardeners H-1 and H-2, a stabilizer ST-1, an antifogging agent AF-1 and two kinds of AF-2 having an average molecular weight of 10,000 or 1,100,000, respectively, were added.
• Sample Nos. 102 through 104 were prepared in the same manner as with sample No. 101 except that the silver halide emulsions for layers 4, 5, 8 and 9 were changed as shown in Table 6. Each emulsion was subjected to optimum sensitization with gold and sulfur.
• Sample Nos. 101 through 104 thus prepared were exposed to white light through an optical wedge for 1/100 second, followed by the developing process described below.
• RMS granularity was determined by scanning the subject portion of each sample using a microdensitometer with an aperture of 1800 ⁇ m2 (slit width 10 ⁇ m, slit length 180 ⁇ m), and obtained results are expressed in 1000-fold value of the standard deviation for variance in density among more than 1000 times of density sampling.
• the RMS granularity of each of the green- and red-sensitive layers was determined using Wratten filter W-99 and W-26, respectively, produced by Eastman Kodak.
• sample No. 101 As seen in Table 7, with respect to the silver halide photographic light-sensitive material (sample No. 101) prepared with an emulsion of the present invention, noticeable sensitization was noted in comparison with the comparative samples. Moreover, sample No. 101 was found to tend to show reduced fog and improved granularity.
• sample Nos. 101 through 104 were exposed to white light through an optical wedge for 1/100 second, followed by the developing process, sensitometry and granularity evaluation described below; similar effects were confirmed.
• Stabilization was conducted by the 3-vessel-counter-current method, wherein the replenisher was fed to the final stabilizer tank and the overflow solution flew into the tank before the final tank.
• composition of the color developer used is as follows:
• composition of the color developer replenisher used is as follows:
• composition of the bleacher used is as follows:
• composition of the bleacher replenisher used is as follows:
• composition of the fixer and fixer replenisher used is as follows:
• composition of the stabilizer and stabilizer replenisher used is as follows:

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• 1990
  • 1990-02-19 JP JP3900490A patent/JPH03241336A/ja active Pending
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