EP0436828A2 - Heat exchanger for cooling hot reaction gas - Google Patents

Heat exchanger for cooling hot reaction gas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0436828A2
EP0436828A2 EP90123071A EP90123071A EP0436828A2 EP 0436828 A2 EP0436828 A2 EP 0436828A2 EP 90123071 A EP90123071 A EP 90123071A EP 90123071 A EP90123071 A EP 90123071A EP 0436828 A2 EP0436828 A2 EP 0436828A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
cooling
heat exchanger
tube plate
cooling medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90123071A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0436828A3 (en
EP0436828B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Brücher
Wolfgang Kehrer
Dieter Bormann
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Deutsche Babcock Borsig AG
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Deutsche Babcock Borsig AG
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Priority to AT90123071T priority Critical patent/ATE99409T1/en
Publication of EP0436828A2 publication Critical patent/EP0436828A2/en
Publication of EP0436828A3 publication Critical patent/EP0436828A3/en
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Publication of EP0436828B1 publication Critical patent/EP0436828B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having bent portions or being assembled from bent tubes or being tubes having a toroidal configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0075—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for syngas or cracked gas cooling systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger for cooling hot reaction gas with the aid of a cooling medium with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a known heat exchanger (DE-PS 28 18 892) contains a tube plate which consists of a thick tube sheet, which is penetrated by the gas-carrying tubes with the formation of annular gaps, and consists of a thin tube sheet into which the gas-carrying tubes are welded.
  • the thin tube sheet is connected on the outer circumference to the thick tube sheet and is supported on it by the gas-carrying tubes.
  • a supply line for the cooling medium opens into the space between the two tube sheets and enters the interior of the heat exchanger through the annular gaps.
  • the known heat exchanger has the disadvantage that particles contained in the water serving as a cooling medium are deposited on the inside of the thin tube sheet and there can lead to overheating.
  • a standing heat exchanger with a tube bundle held in two tube plates is known (AT-PS 361 953), in which the upper tube plate arranged on the gas outlet side also
  • Cooling channels is provided. These cooling channels are connected to the interior of the heat exchanger via the annular gaps surrounding the gas-carrying pipes.
  • the invention has for its object to design the generic heat exchanger such that the tube plate on the gas side has a small wall thickness and that the cooling medium is passed through the tube plate so that no solid particles from the cooling medium can deposit on the cooling medium side of the tube plate.
  • the tube plate of the heat exchanger according to the invention can be made thick overall and thus meet the requirement to withstand the high pressure of the cooling medium.
  • the wall thickness between the heat-emitting hot reaction gas and the high-pressure heat-absorbing boiling water serving as the cooling medium can be kept low. In this way, thermal stresses can be reduced and low wall temperatures can be achieved in the tube plate.
  • the cooling medium can be guided in the cooling channels in such a manner and at such a speed that the solid particles contained in the cooling medium cannot be deposited on the cooling medium side of the tube plate, but instead are washed away. Since the tube plate is higher than the lower edge of the surrounding jacket, the solid particles can collect below the tube plate in the lowest point of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger is of a standing type and consists of a jacket 1, which is closed at the top by a dome 2 and is provided with a flange 3 on its lower edge.
  • the heat exchanger stands on a gas supply chamber 4, the jacket of which is provided on the inside with a refractory lining 5.
  • a pressure-operated reactor (not shown), which can belong to an oil gasification plant.
  • the jacket 1 of the heat exchanger is separated from the gas supply chamber 4 by a tube plate 6.
  • the tube plate 6 has a smaller diameter than the jacket 1.
  • Via an inwardly facing cone 7, the tube plate 6 is connected to the flange 3, which represents the lower edge of the jacket 1, in such a way that the tube plate 6 lies above the flange 3.
  • the cone 7, like the gas supply chamber, is provided with a fireproof covering 5.
  • the tube plate 6 is provided in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger with tube bores 8 through which tubes 9 are passed. There is an annular gap 10 between each tube 9 and the associated tube bore 8. The inlet ends of the tubes 9 are tightly welded into the tube plate 6 on the side against which the gas flows from the gas supply chamber 4.
  • each tube 9 is bent into a tube spiral, the end of which is connected to a connecting piece 11 which is guided through the jacket 1 just above the tube plate 6.
  • the gas from the gas supply chamber 4 flows through the tubes 9 and is thereby cooled by a cooling medium which is fed in the manner described later through a plurality of supply lines 12 into the interior 13 of the heat exchanger enclosed by the jacket 1.
  • Pressurized water serves as the cooling medium, which evaporates through the heat exchange with the hot gas and leaves the heat exchanger as steam via an outlet connection 14 in the dome 3.
  • the tube plate 6 is provided in the half facing the gas inlet with parallel cooling channels 15, which are open to the interior 13 of the heat exchanger.
  • the width of the cooling channels 15 is selected so that the cooling channels 15 cut the pipe bores 8.
  • the cooling channels 15 are preferably closed on one side by a cover 16 connected to the outer circumference of the tube plate 9. Adjacent cooling channels 15 can be closed at opposite ends.
  • Each cooling channel 15 is provided in the vicinity of the closed end with one of the supply lines 12 for the cooling medium. 2, the feed line 12 is guided from above through the tube plate 6 into the cooling channel 15 in question.
  • the cooling medium can also be fed laterally into the cooling channels 15. If adjacent cooling channels 15 are closed at opposite ends, this results in opposing flows of the cooling medium in adjacent cooling channels 15.
  • the cooling medium penetrates into the annular gaps 10 and generates a rotary flow around the tubes 9, which results in intensive cooling of these hot parts.
  • the water fed through the supply lines 12 enters the cooling channels 15, flows through them, partly rises through the annular gaps 10 and enters the interior 13 of the heat exchanger.
  • the remaining part of the cooling medium flows through the open ends of the cooling channels 15 directly into the interior 13.
  • Solid particles that are still contained in the cooling medium despite careful preparation are flushed out of the cooling channels 15 with the cooling medium stream and settle in the lowest point of the heat exchanger from.
  • This lowest point lies below the tube plate 6 in the annular space between the cone 7 and the jacket 1.
  • This annular space is unheated since the cone 7 is provided with the refractory lining 5 on the gas side.
  • a suction line 17 opens into the annular space, via which the deposited solid particles can be removed from the heat exchanger.
  • the tube plate 6 has emergency cooling properties in the event of a failure of the cooling medium supply and a subsequent interruption of the gas supply. In this case, the stored heat is still to be dissipated, which is done in that cooling medium is drawn in from the interior 13 through the cooling channels 15. This cooling medium flow ensures cooling of the tube plate 6.
  • cooling bores 18, which are open on both sides, can be passed through the tube plate 6 near the side exposed to the gas parallel to the cooling channels 15.
  • These cooling holes 18 have a smaller cross section than the cooling channels 15.
  • the internal cooling holes 18 open into the annular gaps 10.
  • the cooling channels 15 can also be divided into two superposed partial channels 20, 21 by a partition plate 19.
  • each sub-channel 20, 21 be provided with its own cooling medium connection.
  • the inner tube 22 carries colder cooling medium, for. B. fresh water, in the lower sub-channel 20, while the upper sub-channel 21 with warmer cooling medium, for. B. circulating water, is fed from the annular space between the inner tube 22 and the jacket of the feed line 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Details Of Measuring And Other Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

A heat exchanger for cooling hot reaction gas with a coolant. It rests on a gas-supply compartment (4) and has gas-conveying pipes (9) inside a jacket (1). It is separated from the gas-supply compartment by a tube sheet (6) that accommodates the gas-conveying pipes (9). The pipes extend loosely through the tube sheet, leaving annular gaps (10) and are connected tightly to the tube sheet on the side where the gas enters. The heat exchanger has at least one line (12) for supplying coolant to the side of the tube sheet that faces away from where the gas enters. The diameter of the tube sheet is shorter than that of the jacket. The tube sheet is connected to the lower edge of the jacket by way of an upward-tapering cone (7). The tube sheet is provided with cooling channels (15) that are open at least at one end and communicate with the lines that supply the coolant.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher zum Kühlen von heißem Reaktionsgas mit Hilfe eines Kühlmediums mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a heat exchanger for cooling hot reaction gas with the aid of a cooling medium with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.

Ein bekannter Wärmetauscher (DE-PS 28 18 892) enthält eine Rohrplatte, die aus einem dicken Rohrboden, der von den gasführenden Rohren unter Bildung von Ringspalten durchdrungen ist, und aus einem dünnen Rohrboden besteht, in den die gasführenden Rohre eingeschweißt sind. Der dünne Rohrboden ist am Außenumfang mit dem dicken Rohrboden verbunden und auf diesem über die gasführenden Rohre abgestützt. In den Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden Rohrböden mündet eine Zuführungsleitung für das Kühlmedium ein, das durch die Ringspalten in den Innenraum des Wärmetauschers eintritt. Abgesehen davon, daß hier die gasführenden und damit druckbelasteten Rohre als Anker für den dünnen Rohrboden eingesetzt sind, hat der bekannte Wärmetauscher den Nachteil, daß Partikel, die in dem als Kühlmedium dienenden Wasser enthalten sind, sich auf der Innenseite des dünnen Rohrbodens ablagern und dort zu Überhitzungen führen können.A known heat exchanger (DE-PS 28 18 892) contains a tube plate which consists of a thick tube sheet, which is penetrated by the gas-carrying tubes with the formation of annular gaps, and consists of a thin tube sheet into which the gas-carrying tubes are welded. The thin tube sheet is connected on the outer circumference to the thick tube sheet and is supported on it by the gas-carrying tubes. A supply line for the cooling medium opens into the space between the two tube sheets and enters the interior of the heat exchanger through the annular gaps. In addition to the fact that the gas-carrying and thus pressure-loaded pipes are used as anchors for the thin tube sheet, the known heat exchanger has the disadvantage that particles contained in the water serving as a cooling medium are deposited on the inside of the thin tube sheet and there can lead to overheating.

Weiterhin ist ein Wärmetauscher stehender Bauart mit einem in zwei Rohrböden gehaltenen Rohrbündel bekannt (AT-PS 361 953), bei dem der auf der Gasaustrittsseite angeordnete, obere Rohrboden mitFurthermore, a standing heat exchanger with a tube bundle held in two tube plates is known (AT-PS 361 953), in which the upper tube plate arranged on the gas outlet side also

Kühlkanälen versehen ist. Diese Kühlkanäle stehen über die die gasführenden Rohre umgebenden Ringspalten mit dem Innenraum des Wärmetauschers in Verbindung.Cooling channels is provided. These cooling channels are connected to the interior of the heat exchanger via the annular gaps surrounding the gas-carrying pipes.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den gattungsgemäßen Wärmetauscher derart auszubilden, daß dessen Rohrplatte auf der Gasseite eine geringe Wanddicke aufweist und daß das Kühlmedium so durch die Rohrplatte geführt wird, daß sich keine Feststoffpartikel aus dem Kühlmedium auf der Kühlmediumseite der Rohrplatte ablagern können.The invention has for its object to design the generic heat exchanger such that the tube plate on the gas side has a small wall thickness and that the cooling medium is passed through the tube plate so that no solid particles from the cooling medium can deposit on the cooling medium side of the tube plate.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen Wärmetauscher erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved in a generic heat exchanger according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die Rohrplatte des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauschers kann insgesamt dick ausgeführt werden und damit die Anforderung erfüllen, dem hohen Druck des Kühlmediums zu widerstehen. Durch die Anordnung der die Rohrplatte durchdringenden Kühlkanäle kann die Wanddicke zwischen dem wärmeabgebenden heißen Reaktionsgas und dem unter hohen Druck stehenden wärmeaufnehmenden, als Kühlmedium dienenden siedenden Wasser gering gehalten werden. Auf diese Weise können thermische Spannungen vermindert und niedrige Wandtemperaturen in der Rohrplatte erreicht werden. In den Kühlkanälen läßt sich das Kühlmedium in einer solchen Weise und mit einer solchen Geschwindigkeit führen, daß die in dem Kühlmedium enthaltenen Feststoffpartikel sich nicht auf der Kühlmediumseite der Rohrplatte ablagern können, sondern fortgespült werden. Da die Rohrplatte höher liegt als die Unterkante des umschließenden Mantels, können sich die Feststoffpartikel unterhalb der Rohrplatte in dem tiefsten Punkt des Wärmetauschers sammeln. Dieser tiefste Punkt kann zudem in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung unbeheizt sein. Bei einem Ausfall der Kühlmediumzufuhr und bei einer darauf folgenden Unterbrechung der Gasbeaufschlagung entsteht in den zum Mantel hin offenen Kühlkanälen eine Strömung des Kühlmediums, die eine zur Abführung der Restwärme ausreichende Notkühlung der Rohrplatte herbeiführt.The tube plate of the heat exchanger according to the invention can be made thick overall and thus meet the requirement to withstand the high pressure of the cooling medium. By arranging the cooling channels penetrating the tube plate, the wall thickness between the heat-emitting hot reaction gas and the high-pressure heat-absorbing boiling water serving as the cooling medium can be kept low. In this way, thermal stresses can be reduced and low wall temperatures can be achieved in the tube plate. The cooling medium can be guided in the cooling channels in such a manner and at such a speed that the solid particles contained in the cooling medium cannot be deposited on the cooling medium side of the tube plate, but instead are washed away. Since the tube plate is higher than the lower edge of the surrounding jacket, the solid particles can collect below the tube plate in the lowest point of the heat exchanger. This lowest point can also be unheated in an embodiment of the invention. In the event of a failure of the coolant supply and a subsequent interruption of the gas supply, a flow of the coolant arises in the cooling channels open towards the jacket, which leads to an emergency cooling of the tube plate which is sufficient to dissipate the residual heat.

Durch das wechselweise Verschließen der Kanalenden gemäß Patentanspruch 2 werden in benachbarten Kühlkanälen einander entgegengerichtete Strömungen des Kühlmediums eingestellt. Diese bewirken in den die gasführenden Rohre umgebenden Ringspalten eine Drehströmung, die eine sehr intensive Kühlung in diesem Bereich zur Folge hat.By alternately closing the channel ends according to claim 2, opposite flows of the cooling medium are set in adjacent cooling channels. These cause a rotary flow in the annular gaps surrounding the gas-carrying pipes, which results in very intensive cooling in this area.

Mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
schematisch den Längsschnitt durch einen Wärmetauscher,
Fig. 2
die Einzelheit Z nach Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
den Schnitt III - III nach Fig. 2 und
Fig. 4
die Einzelheit Z nach Fig. 1 gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform.
Several embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
schematically the longitudinal section through a heat exchanger,
Fig. 2
the detail Z according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
the section III - III of Fig. 2 and
Fig. 4
the detail Z of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment.

Der Wärmetauscher ist von stehender Bauart und besteht aus einem Mantel 1, der oben durch eine Kuppel 2 verschlossen und an seiner Unterkante mit einem Flansch 3 versehen ist. Der Wärmetauscher steht auf einer Gaszuführungskammer 4 auf, deren Mantel auf der Innenseite mit einer feuerfesten Verkleidung 5 versehen ist. An die Gaszuführungskammer 4 schließt sich ein nicht dargestellter, unter Druck betriebener Reaktor an, der zu einer Ölvergasungsanlage gehören kann.The heat exchanger is of a standing type and consists of a jacket 1, which is closed at the top by a dome 2 and is provided with a flange 3 on its lower edge. The heat exchanger stands on a gas supply chamber 4, the jacket of which is provided on the inside with a refractory lining 5. Connected to the gas supply chamber 4 is a pressure-operated reactor (not shown), which can belong to an oil gasification plant.

Der Mantel 1 des Wärmetauschers ist von der Gaszuführungskammer 4 durch eine Rohrplatte 6 getrennt. Die Rohrplatte 6 weist einen geringeren Durchmesser als der Mantel 1 auf. Über einen nach innen weisenden Konus 7 ist die Rohrplatte 6 mit dem die Unterkante des Mantels 1 darstellenden Flansch 3 derart verbunden, daß die Rohrplatte 6 oberhalb des Flansches 3 liegt. Der Konus 7 ist ebenso wie die Gaszuführungskammer mit einer feuerfesten Verkleidung 5 versehen.The jacket 1 of the heat exchanger is separated from the gas supply chamber 4 by a tube plate 6. The tube plate 6 has a smaller diameter than the jacket 1. Via an inwardly facing cone 7, the tube plate 6 is connected to the flange 3, which represents the lower edge of the jacket 1, in such a way that the tube plate 6 lies above the flange 3. The cone 7, like the gas supply chamber, is provided with a fireproof covering 5.

Die Rohrplatte 6 ist in Längsrichtung des Wärmetauschers mit Rohrbohrungen 8 versehen, durch die Rohre 9 hindurchgeführt sind. Dabei besteht zwischen jedem Rohr 9 und der dazugehörenden Rohrbohrung 8 ein Ringspalt 10. Die Eintrittsenden der Rohre 9 sind auf der von dem Gas aus der Gaszuführungskammer 4 angeströmten Seite in die Rohrplatte 6 dicht eingeschweißt.The tube plate 6 is provided in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger with tube bores 8 through which tubes 9 are passed. There is an annular gap 10 between each tube 9 and the associated tube bore 8. The inlet ends of the tubes 9 are tightly welded into the tube plate 6 on the side against which the gas flows from the gas supply chamber 4.

Die Rohre 9 sind oberhalb der Rohrplatte 6 geradlinig nach oben bis in die Nähe der Kuppel 3 geführt. Anschließend ist jedes Rohr 9 zu einer Rohrspirale gebogen, deren Ende mit einem Anschlußstutzen 11 verbunden ist, der kurz oberhalb der Rohrplatte 6 durch den Mantel 1 hindurchgeführt ist.The tubes 9 are straight above the tube plate 6 up to the vicinity of the dome 3. Then each tube 9 is bent into a tube spiral, the end of which is connected to a connecting piece 11 which is guided through the jacket 1 just above the tube plate 6.

Das Gas aus der Gaszuführungskammer 4 durchströmt die Rohre 9 und wird dabei durch ein Kühlmedium gekühlt, das in der später beschriebenen Weise durch mehrere Zuführungsleitungen 12 in den von dem Mantel 1 umschlossenen Innenraum 13 des Wärmetauschers eingespeist wird. Als Kühlmedium dient unter Druck stehendes Wasser, das durch den Wärmetausch mit dem heißen Gas verdampft und als Dampf über einen Auslaßstutzen 14 in der Kuppel 3 den Wärmetauscher verläßt.The gas from the gas supply chamber 4 flows through the tubes 9 and is thereby cooled by a cooling medium which is fed in the manner described later through a plurality of supply lines 12 into the interior 13 of the heat exchanger enclosed by the jacket 1. Pressurized water serves as the cooling medium, which evaporates through the heat exchange with the hot gas and leaves the heat exchanger as steam via an outlet connection 14 in the dome 3.

Die Rohrplatte 6 ist in der dem Gaseintritt zugewandten Hälfte mit parallelen Kühlkanälen 15 versehen, die zum Innenraum 13 des Wärmetauschers hin offen sind. Die Breite der Kühlkanäle 15 ist so gewählt, daß die Kühlkanäle 15 die Rohrbohrungen 8 anschneiden. Vorzugsweise sind die Kühlkanäle 15 einseitig durch einen mit dem Außenumfang der Rohrplatte 9 verbundenen Deckel 16 verschlossen. Dabei können benachbarte Kühlkanäle 15 an gegenüberliegenden Enden verschlossen sein.The tube plate 6 is provided in the half facing the gas inlet with parallel cooling channels 15, which are open to the interior 13 of the heat exchanger. The width of the cooling channels 15 is selected so that the cooling channels 15 cut the pipe bores 8. The cooling channels 15 are preferably closed on one side by a cover 16 connected to the outer circumference of the tube plate 9. Adjacent cooling channels 15 can be closed at opposite ends.

Jeder Kühlkanal 15 ist in der Nähe des geschlossenen Endes mit einer der Zuführungsleitungen 12 für das Kühlmedium versehen. Gemäß Fig. 2 ist die Zuführungsleitung 12 von oben durch die Rohrplatte 6 in den betreffenden Kühlkanal 15 geführt. Das Kühlmedium kann auch seitlich in die Kühlkanäle 15 eingespeist werden. Sind benachbarte Kühlkanäle 15 an gegenüberliegenden Enden verschlossen, so ergeben sich daraus in benachbarten Kühlkanälen 15 entgegengerichtete Strömungen des Kühlmediums. Dabei dringt das Kühlmedium in die Ringspalten 10 ein und erzeugt eine Drehströmung rund um die Rohre 9, woraus eine intensive Kühlung dieser heißen Partien resultiert.Each cooling channel 15 is provided in the vicinity of the closed end with one of the supply lines 12 for the cooling medium. 2, the feed line 12 is guided from above through the tube plate 6 into the cooling channel 15 in question. The cooling medium can also be fed laterally into the cooling channels 15. If adjacent cooling channels 15 are closed at opposite ends, this results in opposing flows of the cooling medium in adjacent cooling channels 15. The cooling medium penetrates into the annular gaps 10 and generates a rotary flow around the tubes 9, which results in intensive cooling of these hot parts.

Das durch die Zuführungsleitungen 12 eingespeiste Wasser tritt in die Kühlkanäle 15 ein, durchströmt diese, steigt zum Teil durch die Ringspalten 10 auf und tritt in den Innenraum 13 des Wärmetauschers ein. Der restliche Anteil des Kühlmediums fließt durch die offenen Enden der Kühlkanäle 15 direkt in den Innenraum 13. Feststoffpartikel, die in dem Kühlmedium trotz sorgfältiger Aufbereitung noch enthalten sind, werden mit dem Kühlmediumstrom aus den Kühlkanälen 15 herausgespült und setzen sich in dem tiefsten Punkt des Wärmetauschers ab. Dieser tiefste Punkt liegt unterhalb der Rohrplatte 6 in dem Ringraum zwischen dem Konus 7 und dem Mantel 1. Dieser Ringraum ist unbeheizt, da der Konus 7 auf der Gasseite mit der feuerfesten Verkleidung 5 versehen ist. In den Ringraum mündet eine Absaugleitung 17 ein, über die die abgesetzten Feststoffpartikel aus dem Wärmetauscher entfernt werden können.The water fed through the supply lines 12 enters the cooling channels 15, flows through them, partly rises through the annular gaps 10 and enters the interior 13 of the heat exchanger. The remaining part of the cooling medium flows through the open ends of the cooling channels 15 directly into the interior 13. Solid particles that are still contained in the cooling medium despite careful preparation are flushed out of the cooling channels 15 with the cooling medium stream and settle in the lowest point of the heat exchanger from. This lowest point lies below the tube plate 6 in the annular space between the cone 7 and the jacket 1. This annular space is unheated since the cone 7 is provided with the refractory lining 5 on the gas side. A suction line 17 opens into the annular space, via which the deposited solid particles can be removed from the heat exchanger.

Die Rohrplatte 6 hat bei einem Ausfall der Kühlmediumzufuhr und bei einer darauf folgenden Unterbrechung der Gasbeaufschlagung Notkühleigenschaften. In diesem Fall ist noch die gespeicherte Wärme abzuführen, was dadurch geschieht, daß Kühlmedium aus dem Innenraum 13 durch die Kühlkanäle 15 angesaugt wird. Dieser Kühlmediumstrom sorgt für eine Kühlung der Rohrplatte 6.The tube plate 6 has emergency cooling properties in the event of a failure of the cooling medium supply and a subsequent interruption of the gas supply. In this case, the stored heat is still to be dissipated, which is done in that cooling medium is drawn in from the interior 13 through the cooling channels 15. This cooling medium flow ensures cooling of the tube plate 6.

Um die Partien der Rohrplatte 6 zwischen den Kühlkanälen 15 zusätzlich zu kühlen, können parallel zu den Kühlkanälen 15 beidseitig offene Kühlbohrungen 18 durch die Rohrplatte 6 nahe der von dem Gas beaufschlagten Seite geführt sein. Diese Kühlbohrungen 18 weisen einen geringeren Querschnitt als die Kühlkanäle 15 auf. Die innenliegenden Kühlbohrungen 18 münden in die Ringspalten 10 ein.In order to additionally cool the parts of the tube plate 6 between the cooling channels 15, cooling bores 18, which are open on both sides, can be passed through the tube plate 6 near the side exposed to the gas parallel to the cooling channels 15. These cooling holes 18 have a smaller cross section than the cooling channels 15. The internal cooling holes 18 open into the annular gaps 10.

Die Kühlkanäle 15 können auch, wie in Fig. 4 gezeigt ist, durch eine Trennplatte 19 in zwei übereinanderliegende Teilkanäle 20, 21 aufgeteilt sein. Unter Verwendung einer als Doppelrohr ausgebildeten Zuführungsleitung 12 kann jeder Teilkanal 20, 21 mit einem eigenen Kühlmediumanschluß versehen sein. Dabei führt das Innenrohr 22 kälteres Kühlmedium, z. B. Frischwasser, in den unteren Teilkanal 20, während der obere Teilkanal 21 mit wärmerem Kühlmedium, z. B. Umlaufwasser, aus dem Ringraum zwischen dem Innenrohr 22 und dem Mantel der Zuführungsleitung 12 gespeist wird.As shown in FIG. 4, the cooling channels 15 can also be divided into two superposed partial channels 20, 21 by a partition plate 19. Using a feed pipe 12 designed as a double pipe, each sub-channel 20, 21 be provided with its own cooling medium connection. The inner tube 22 carries colder cooling medium, for. B. fresh water, in the lower sub-channel 20, while the upper sub-channel 21 with warmer cooling medium, for. B. circulating water, is fed from the annular space between the inner tube 22 and the jacket of the feed line 12.

Claims (7)

Wärmetauscher zum Kühlen von heißem Reaktionsgas mit Hilfe eines Kühlmediums, der auf eine Gaszuführungskammer (4) aufgesetzt ist und gasführende Rohre (9) innerhalb eines Mantels (1) aufweist, der von der Gaszuführungskammer (4) durch eine die gasführenden Rohre (9) aufnehmende Rohrplatte (6) getrennt ist, wobei die gasführenden Rohre (9) durch Rohrbohrungen (8) in der Rohrplatte (6) unter Bildung von Ringspalten (10) geführt und auf der Gaseintrittsseite dicht mit der Rohrplatte (6) verbunden sind, und mindestens eine Zuführungsleitung (12) für das Kühlmedium an der dem Gaseintritt abgewandten Seite der Rohrplatte (6) endet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rohrplatte (6) einen geringeren Durchmesser als der Mantel (1) aufweist und über einen nach oben weisenden Konus (7) mit der Unterkante des Mantels (1) verbunden ist und daß die Rohrplatte (6) mit mindestens an einem Ende offenen mit den Zuführungsleitungen (12) für das Kühlmedium verbundenen Kühlkanälen (15) versehen ist.Heat exchanger for cooling hot reaction gas with the aid of a cooling medium, which is placed on a gas supply chamber (4) and has gas-carrying pipes (9) within a jacket (1), which receives from the gas supply chamber (4) through a gas-carrying pipes (9) Pipe plate (6) is separated, the gas-carrying pipes (9) being guided through pipe bores (8) in the pipe plate (6) to form annular gaps (10) and being tightly connected to the pipe plate (6) on the gas inlet side, and at least one Supply line (12) for the cooling medium ends on the side of the tube plate (6) facing away from the gas inlet, characterized in that the tube plate (6) has a smaller diameter than the jacket (1) and also has a cone (7) pointing upwards the lower edge of the jacket (1) is connected and that the tube plate (6) with at least one end open to the supply lines (12) for the cooling medium connected cooling channels (15) v is seen. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem geschlossenen Ende in jedem Kühlkanal (15) eine der Zuführungsleitungen (12) für das Kühlmedium mündet, daß die benachbarten Kühlkanäle (15) an gegenüberliegenden Enden einseitig geschlossen sind und daß die Kühlkanäle (15) die Rohrbohrungen (8) in der Rohrplatte (6) anschneiden.Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that at the closed end in each cooling channel (15) one of the supply lines (12) for the cooling medium opens, that the adjacent cooling channels (15) are closed on one side at opposite ends and that the cooling channels (15) cut the pipe bores (8) in the pipe plate (6). Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Konus (7) auf der von dem Reaktionsgas angeströmten Seite mit einer feuerfesten Verkleidung (5) versehen ist.Heat exchanger according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cone (7) is provided with a fire-resistant casing (5) on the side against which the reaction gas flows. Wärmetaucher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß parallel zu den Kühlkanälen (15) beidseitig offene Kühlbohrungen (18) durch die Rohrplatte (6) geführt sind.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that cooling bores (18) which are open on both sides are guided through the tube plate (6) parallel to the cooling channels (15). Wärmetauscher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlkanäle (15) und die Kühlbohrungen (18) in der der Gasseite zugewandten Hälfte der Rohrplatte (6) angeordnet sind.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cooling channels (15) and the cooling bores (18) are arranged in the half of the tube plate (6) facing the gas side. Wärmetauscher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kühlkanäle (15) durch eine Trennplatte (19) in zwei übereinanderliegende Teilkanäle (20, 21) getrennt sind, die mit jeweils einem eigenen Kühlmediumanschluß versehen sind.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cooling channels (15) are separated by a separating plate (19) into two superposed partial channels (20, 21) which are each provided with their own cooling medium connection. Wärmetauscher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gasführenden Rohre (9) geradlinig nach oben und anschließend als Spirale zu einem in der Nähe der Rohrplatte (6) angeordneten Austrittsstutzen (11) geführt sind.Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the gas-carrying pipes (9) are led straight upwards and then as a spiral to an outlet connection (11) arranged in the vicinity of the pipe plate (6).
EP90123071A 1990-01-10 1990-12-03 Heat exchanger for cooling hot reaction gas Expired - Lifetime EP0436828B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90123071T ATE99409T1 (en) 1990-01-10 1990-12-03 HEAT EXCHANGER FOR COOLING HOT REACTION GAS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4000527 1990-01-10
DE4000527A DE4000527A1 (en) 1990-01-10 1990-01-10 HEAT EXCHANGER FOR COOLING HOT REACTION GAS

Publications (3)

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EP0436828A2 true EP0436828A2 (en) 1991-07-17
EP0436828A3 EP0436828A3 (en) 1991-11-27
EP0436828B1 EP0436828B1 (en) 1993-12-29

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ID=6397827

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90123071A Expired - Lifetime EP0436828B1 (en) 1990-01-10 1990-12-03 Heat exchanger for cooling hot reaction gas

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EP (1) EP0436828B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06201290A (en)
AT (1) ATE99409T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4000527A1 (en)

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US5775412A (en) * 1996-01-11 1998-07-07 Gidding Engineering, Inc. High pressure dense heat transfer area heat exchanger
US5813453A (en) * 1996-06-01 1998-09-29 Deutsche Babcock-Borsig Ag Heat exchanger for cooling cracked gas
DE29610883U1 (en) * 1996-06-21 1997-10-16 Engelhardt, Wolfgang, Dipl.-Ing., 40545 Düsseldorf Heat exchanger
DE19833004A1 (en) * 1998-07-22 2000-01-27 Borsig Gmbh Heat exchanger for cooling a hot process gas
IT1403894B1 (en) * 2010-12-29 2013-11-08 Eni Spa HEAT EXCHANGER FOR HOT GAS COOLING AND HEAT EXCHANGE SYSTEM

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DE1953628A1 (en) * 1969-10-24 1971-05-06 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Tube bank heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5088551A (en) 1992-02-18
JPH06201290A (en) 1994-07-19
ATE99409T1 (en) 1994-01-15
DE4000527A1 (en) 1991-07-11
DE59004035D1 (en) 1994-02-10
EP0436828A3 (en) 1991-11-27
EP0436828B1 (en) 1993-12-29

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