EP0436062B1 - Bleichen von Textilien mit Sauerstoff und Wasserstoffperoxid - Google Patents

Bleichen von Textilien mit Sauerstoff und Wasserstoffperoxid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0436062B1
EP0436062B1 EP90100237A EP90100237A EP0436062B1 EP 0436062 B1 EP0436062 B1 EP 0436062B1 EP 90100237 A EP90100237 A EP 90100237A EP 90100237 A EP90100237 A EP 90100237A EP 0436062 B1 EP0436062 B1 EP 0436062B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxygen
hydrogen peroxide
bleaching
cloth
peroxide solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90100237A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0436062A1 (de
Inventor
Lawrence Marvin Litz
Thomas John Bergman Jr.
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Praxair Technology Inc
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Praxair Technology Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Praxair Technology Inc filed Critical Praxair Technology Inc
Priority to DE69007267T priority Critical patent/DE69007267T2/de
Priority to EP90100237A priority patent/EP0436062B1/de
Priority to ES90100237T priority patent/ES2050278T3/es
Priority to CA002007213A priority patent/CA2007213A1/en
Priority to BR9000179A priority patent/BR9000179A/pt
Publication of EP0436062A1 publication Critical patent/EP0436062A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0436062B1 publication Critical patent/EP0436062B1/de
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • D06L4/15—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen using organic agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • D06L4/18—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen in a gaseous environment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the bleaching of textiles. More particularly, it relates to a process for the carrying out of such textile bleaching in an improved, more economical manner than in conventional processing.
  • cloth is first treated with caustic and is then passed into a bleach tank containing a bleaching solution consisting of hydrogen peroxide, water and a stabilizing agent at 37°C.
  • the hydrogen peroxide concentration is typically about 1.5% by weight.
  • the cloth is then passed from the bleach tank through a heater tube in which it is heated to about 90 - 99 °C. It is then folded into a tortuous shape and passed into a well-insulated vessel, referred to as a "J-box" because of its typical shape, wherein the desired contact time is provided between the cloth being bleached and the hydrogen peroxide in the bleaching solution.
  • the residence time in the J-box is typically about 60 - 90 minutes.
  • an oxygen-containing gas is introduced into an alkaline treatment liquid of a separate alkaline treatment stage preceding or following a bleching stage and/or of an alkaline bleaching stage.
  • the oxygen gas is to be dissolved in the treatment liquid or is to be spread or dispersed as uniformly as possible in the liquid.
  • a jet bleaching machine is used wherein the oxygen gas is introduced into the headspace of an autoclave, the intensive liquid flow in the jet machine creating a good contact between gas and liquid whereby oxygen is dissolved into the liquid.
  • oxygen is not particularly soluble, especially at elevated temperature, and the amount of dissolved oxygen that can be effectively utilized by the above method is likely to be quite limited.
  • the subject invention provides for a process for the bleaching of textiles comprising continuously passing a strip of textile cloth to be treated into a bleaching vessel, containing an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and an overhead oxygen-containing gas space, said cloth being immersed in said aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and being passed into said overhead oxygen-containing gas space following such immersion at least once prior to being passed from the bleaching vessel.
  • the amount of hydrogen peroxide required for textile bleaching is reduced by passing the cloth to be bleached alternately between an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and an oxygen-containing head space.
  • the objects of the invention are accomplished by the use of an oxygen bleaching operation, in conjunction with hydrogen peroxide bleaching, to substantially reduce the costs of the overall bleaching operation.
  • the invention not only enables the amount of hydrogen peroxide employed to be reduced significantly, but also requires less processing equipment than that employed in the conventional hydrogen peroxide process.
  • the J-box, the bleach tank and the heater tube of conventional practice are eliminated in favor of a single bleaching vessel in the practice of the invention.
  • the residence times employed in the practice of the invention are generally much lower than those required for conventional hydrogen peroxide textile bleaching.
  • oxygen textile bleaching is used to denote the process in which, in accordance with the practice of the invention, the cloth to be bleached is alternately passed between hydrogen peroxide and an oxygen-containing head space. It will be appreciated that oxygen is much less expensive than hydrogen peroxide, so that the savings in hydrogen peroxide consumption achieved in the practice of the invention renders the oxygen textile bleaching approach more economical to operate than the conventional hydrogen peroxide approach.
  • the cloth to be bleached represented generally by the numeral 1 is passed into and out of a caustic solution-containing vessel 2 through the use of suitable rollers 3, 4 and 5, with the cloth passing below liquid level 6 in said vessel for desired immersion in the caustic solution.
  • Cloth 1 upon such treatment with caustic, is passed through a series of squeeze rollers 7 for partial drying, it being understood that such processing sequence is generally the same as in conventional hydrogen peroxide processing.
  • cloth 1 leaving squeeze rollers 7 in the practice of the oxygen textile bleaching process of the invention is passed to an essentially gas-tight bleaching vessel 8, which contains aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution 9 at a desired concentration and an oxygen-containing gas space 10, with a gas-liquid interface being defined between said oxygen-containing gas space and said aqueous hydrogen peroxide within vessel 8.
  • Cloth 1 being treated enters vessel 8 through a pair of essentially gas-tight rollers 12, or a slit or some other suitable essentially gas-tight opening in said bleaching vessel 8.
  • cloth 1 passes alternately through a series of rollers 13 and 14.
  • Rollers 13 are positioned so as to pass cloth 1 through oxygen-containing head space 10 within vessel 8.
  • Rollers 14 are submerged below gas-liquid interface 11 so as to pass cloth 1 through aqueous hydrogen peroxide 9 within vessel 8.
  • cloth 1 is alternately passed between the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution 9 and oxygen-containing head space 10, with such alternate passing of the cloth through said separate portions of bleaching vessel 8 comprising the oxygen textile bleaching process of the invention.
  • cloth 1 is shown leaving bleaching vessel 8 through essentially gas-tight rollers 15 or other essentially gas-tight opening for passage to a suitable rinse and dry zone 16 before being passed to collection roller 17 for storage and subsequent distribution, processing and use.
  • processing subsequent to treatment of cloth 1 in bleaching vessel 8 will be understood to be essentially as in conventional hydrogen peroxide processing.
  • the number of such rollers employed in any particular application shall be determined by the desired residence time within vessel 8, and the number of times that cloth 1 should be dipped into the hydrogen peroxide solution, or passed alternately through said hydrogen peroxide solution and oxygen-containing head space sequence for the desired level of bleaching of a given textile material.
  • the cloth in any event for purposes of the invention, should be treated at least once after immersion in a hydrogen peroxide solution. In preferred embodiments, the cloth is passed through the oxygen-containing atmosphere before and after at least one such immersion in the hydrogen peroxide solution.
  • rollers 14 are illustrated as being fully submerged in aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution 9, and rollers 13 are similarly positioned as being entirely within gas space 10, it will be appreciated that such rollers can be positioned in any convenient manner so as to achieve the desired alternate processing of the cloth being bleached.
  • rollers 14 need not be completely submerged below the gas-liquid interface, so long as the desired passage of the cloth into the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution 9 is achieved.
  • the liquid level is typically quite low in the practice of the invention, with the gas-liquid interface generally being up to about the top of rollers 14 in preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be understood, however, that it is not necessary to employ the roller-box arrangement discussed above.
  • any suitable apparatus wherein the cloth being treated is alternately passed between hydrogen peroxide and an oxygen-containing gas space, with at least one, and preferably two or more, such passes depending upon the residence time desired and the other factors pertaining to a given application.
  • the operating conditions employed in the practice of the invention can be varied depending upon the particular textile cloth being processed, the degree of bleaching desired, and various other factors pertaining to the overall technical and economic requirements of a particular bleaching operation.
  • the practice of the invention as a more economical alternative to the conventional hydrogen peroxide bleaching may be of paramount importance, with the savings in hydrogen peroxide costs, reduction in capital costs and reduced residence times obtainable in the practice of the invention being desired.
  • the alternate processing sequence of the invention may be used to achieve a desirable overall bleaching result more favorable than that obtainable by conventional processing, even though each of the various potential areas of improvement, i.e., hydrogen peroxide savings, capital cost reduction and/or residence time reduction, are not utilized so as to maximize the benefits obtainable in each such area for a given bleaching operation.
  • each of the various potential areas of improvement i.e., hydrogen peroxide savings, capital cost reduction and/or residence time reduction
  • the cloth processed in the practice of the invention will be understood to include any textile material that can be effectively bleached by the conventional hydrogen peroxide bleaching approach.
  • Other bleaching agents that are sometimes employed, for particular bleaching applications include sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid.
  • the advantage of using hydrogen peroxide over the other known bleaching agents is that hydrogen peroxide does not react with proteins in the fiber of the fabric.
  • the treatment of cottons with bleaching agent solutions usually begins with the rolling of the cloth into a caustic-containing vessel where it is contacted with caustic, typically 4% NaOH, at about 70°C for preliminary desizing purposes. It will be appreciated that, in the bleaching of particular textile materials, it may not be necessary to employ such caustic desizing step prior to the actual bleaching step.
  • Residence times of cloth within the bleaching vessel of the invention will range from about 30 to about 90 minutes, depending on the desired extent of bleaching, the textile being bleached, the hydrogen peroxide concentration employed, the liquid level of the hydrogen peroxide and the ratio of the residence time in the hydrogen peroxide solution and in the oxygen-containing head space in each alternate sequence and/or in the overall passage of the cloth being treated through the bleaching vessel.
  • the invention in particular applications, can achieve a significant reduction in residence time as compared to conventional hydrogen peroxide processing.
  • the hydrogen peroxide concentration employed in the practice of the invention can be at the levels employed for conventional hydrogen peroxide bleaching, i.e. typically about 1.5% by weight or more, but are preferably significantly lower depending on the overall factors pertaining to a given application.
  • aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions having hydrogen peroxide concentrations as low as about 0.1% by weight, or less can be employed in the oxygen textile bleaching process and apparatus of the invention. Concentrations of less than 1.5% and down to about 0.1% are generally preferred.
  • both the hydrogen peroxide and the oxygen-containing gas employed in the bleaching vessel may be heated to from about 70°C to about 100°C, preferably from about 70°C to about 90°C, although temperatures outside this range may also be employed in particular applications.
  • oxygen-containing head space within the bleaching vessel.
  • essentially pure oxygen may be used, and is generally preferred, but air or another suitable oxygen-containing gas may be employed.
  • the gas-tight rollers, or other form of gas-tight openings, at the inlet and discharge end of the bleaching vessel are not necessary, but may be employed to assure against any undesired discharge of vapor from the vessel.
  • Example 1 A laboratory experiment was performed, as in Example 1 above, except that sodium sulfite, at various concentrations, was added to the hydrogen peroxide solution.
  • Sodium sulfite is known to increase the oxidation potential of oxygen.
  • the concentration of sodium sulfite was varied, in a series of comparative tests, from 0% to 2% by weight of the overall solution.
  • the inclusion of sodium sulfite in the bleaching solution was found to improve the cloth's brightness by as much as 33%.
  • sodium sulfite serves to significantly enhance the bleaching performance of the invention.
  • the addition of sodium sulfite to the aqueous bleaching solution was also found to help decrease the overall consumption of hydrogen peroxide during the bleaching operation.
  • sodium sulfite to the hydrogen peroxide solution, as a useful oxidation enhancer.
  • such sulfite may be employed in an amount in the range of from about 0.1% to about 4%, preferably from about 1% to about 3%, by weight based on the weight of the overall hydrogen peroxide solution, although quantities outside this range may also be employed.
  • sulfur dioxide is conveniently employed in an amount within the range of from about 0.1% to about 4%, preferably from about 1% to about 3%, by volume based on the overall volume of the oxygen-containing head space or other oxygen-containing atmosphere employed in the practice of the invention. It will be understood that quantities outside this range may also be employed, as can combinations of such sodium sulfite and sulfur dioxide, or other oxidation enhancing additives.
  • the oxygen textile bleaching approach of the invention can result, in practical commercial applications, in at least a 25%, and typically more than 50%, reduction in the amount of hydrogen peroxide employed and consumed.
  • high-purity oxygen for use in the practice of the invention is far less expensive than the additional amount of hydrogen peroxide otherwise required for conventional hydrogen peroxide bleaching, the invention is clearly less costly to operate than the conventional process.
  • the invention represents a further significant advance in the art in another manner arising out of the ability to reduce the amount of hydrogen peroxide required for suitable bleaching action.
  • a substantial cost associated with bleaching operations is that associated with the spent aqueous hydrogen peroxide removal step.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Verfahren zum Bleichen von Textilien, bei dem ein Streifen von zu behandelndem Textiltuch (1) kontinuierlich in einen Bleichbehälter (8) eingebracht wird, der eine wässrige Wasserstoffperoxidlösung (9) enthält und einen sauerstoffhaltigen Überkopf-Gasraum (10) aufweist, wobei das Tuch in die wässrige Wasserstoffperoxidlösung eingetaucht und danach mindestens einmal in den sauerstoffhaltigen Überkopf-Gasraum geleitet wird, bevor es aus dem Bleichbehälter herausgebracht wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der Streifen von zu behandelndem Tuch (1) in den sauerstoffhaltigen Überkopf-Gasraum (10) des Bleichbehälters (8) eingebracht und dann in die Wasserstoffperoxidlösung (9) eingetaucht und von dieser mindestens einmal in den Gasraum herausgezogen wird, bevor er aus dem Bleichbehälter herausgebracht wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, bei dem der Streifen aus Tuch (1) mindestens zweimal alternierend in die Wasserstoffperoxidlösung (9) eingetaucht und aus dieser heraus in den sauerstoffhaltigen Gasraum (10) gezogen wird, bevor er aus dem Bleichbehälter (8) herausgebracht wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei dem die wässrige Wasserstoffperoxidlösung (9) eine Wasserstoffperoxidkonzentration von 0,1 bis 1,5 Gew.% hat.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem die Wasserstoffperoxidlösung (9) und die sauerstoffhaltige Atmosphäre auf 70 °C bis 100 °C erhitzt werden.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem die Wasserstoffperoxidlösung (9) und die sauerstoffhaltige Atmosphäre auf 70 °C bis 90 °C erhitzt werden.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem die sauerstoffhaltige Atmosphäre auf 70 °C bis 100 °C erhitzt wird und die Wasserstoffperoxidlösung (9) auf einer Temperatur gehalten wird, die zwischen einem unter der Umgebungstemperatur liegenden Wert und etwa 70 °C liegt.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei dem die Wasserstoffperoxidlösung auf etwa Umgebungstemperatur gehalten wird.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, bei dem die Verweildauer des zu behandelnden Tuches (1) in dem Bleichbehälter (8) zwischen 30 und 90 Minuten liegt.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, bei dem der Wasserstoffperoxidlösung (9) Natriumsulfit zugesetzt wird, um das Oxidationspotential von Sauerstoff in dem Bleichverfahren zu steigern.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, bei dem die Natriumsulfitkonzentration zwischen 1% und 4 % des Gewichts der Lösung (9) liegt.
  12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, bei dem der sauerstoffhaltigen Atmosphäre Schwefeldioxid zugesetzt wird, um das Oxidationspotential von Sauerstoff in dem Bleichverfahren zu steigern.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, bei dem das Schwefeldioxid in einer Menge im Bereich von 0,1 bis 4 Vol.% bezogen auf das Gesamtvolumen der sauerstoffhaltigen Atmosphäre verwendet wird.
  14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, bei dem der sauerstoffhaltige Gasraum (10) im wesentlichen reinen Sauerstoff enthält.
  15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, bei dem der sauerstoffhaltige Gasraum (10) Luft enthält.
  16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, bei dem der sauerstoffhaltige Gasraum (10) mindestens etwa 35 Vol.% Sauerstoff enthhält.
  17. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, bei dem der Streifen aus Tuch (1) über im wesentlichen gasdichte Öffnungen in den Bleichbehälter (8) hinein- und aus diesem herausgelangt.
  18. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, bei dem der Streifen aus Tuch (1) durch eine Lösung von kaustischem Alkali geleitet und das Tuch mindestens teilweise getrocknet wird, bevor es in den Bleichbehälter (8) eingebracht wird.
  19. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 18, bei dem der Streifen aus Tuch (1) nach dem Herausbringen aus dem Bleichbehälter (8) gespült und getrocknet wird.
  20. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Textiltuch (1) Baumwolltuch ist.
EP90100237A 1990-01-05 1990-01-05 Bleichen von Textilien mit Sauerstoff und Wasserstoffperoxid Expired - Lifetime EP0436062B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69007267T DE69007267T2 (de) 1990-01-05 1990-01-05 Bleichen von Textilien mit Sauerstoff und Wasserstoffperoxid.
EP90100237A EP0436062B1 (de) 1990-01-05 1990-01-05 Bleichen von Textilien mit Sauerstoff und Wasserstoffperoxid
ES90100237T ES2050278T3 (es) 1990-01-05 1990-01-05 Blanqueo de textiles con oxigeno y peroxido de hidrogeno.
CA002007213A CA2007213A1 (en) 1990-01-05 1990-01-05 Oxygen bleaching of textiles
BR9000179A BR9000179A (pt) 1990-01-05 1990-01-17 Processo para alvejamento textil com peroxido de hidrogenio e processo aperfeicoado para o alvejamento de texteis

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90100237A EP0436062B1 (de) 1990-01-05 1990-01-05 Bleichen von Textilien mit Sauerstoff und Wasserstoffperoxid

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0436062A1 EP0436062A1 (de) 1991-07-10
EP0436062B1 true EP0436062B1 (de) 1994-03-09

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EP90100237A Expired - Lifetime EP0436062B1 (de) 1990-01-05 1990-01-05 Bleichen von Textilien mit Sauerstoff und Wasserstoffperoxid

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EP (1) EP0436062B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69007267T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2050278T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6074437A (en) * 1998-12-23 2000-06-13 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Bleaching with polyoxometalates and air or molecular oxygen
GB0004988D0 (en) * 2000-03-01 2000-04-19 Unilever Plc Composition and method for bleaching a substrate
CN114525637B (zh) * 2022-02-24 2024-03-08 王海彬 一种纺织生产用原料漂白装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1480541A (en) * 1923-07-19 1924-01-15 Roessler & Hasslacher Chemical Manufacture of articles from woven goods
DE3207157C1 (de) * 1982-02-27 1983-06-09 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur Herstellung von halbgebleichten Zellstoffen
WO1989005881A1 (en) * 1987-12-21 1989-06-29 Aga Aktiebolag A method of bleaching cotton

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2050278T3 (es) 1994-05-16
DE69007267T2 (de) 1994-06-16
EP0436062A1 (de) 1991-07-10
DE69007267D1 (de) 1994-04-14

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