EP0434863B1 - Revolving press for pressing ceramic masses and process for operating the revolving press - Google Patents

Revolving press for pressing ceramic masses and process for operating the revolving press Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434863B1
EP0434863B1 EP89124129A EP89124129A EP0434863B1 EP 0434863 B1 EP0434863 B1 EP 0434863B1 EP 89124129 A EP89124129 A EP 89124129A EP 89124129 A EP89124129 A EP 89124129A EP 0434863 B1 EP0434863 B1 EP 0434863B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
press
piston
hydraulic motor
revolving
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP89124129A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0434863A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Händle
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Rieter-Werke Handle KG
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Rieter-Werke Handle KG
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Application filed by Rieter-Werke Handle KG filed Critical Rieter-Werke Handle KG
Priority to EP89124129A priority Critical patent/EP0434863B1/en
Priority to AT89124129T priority patent/ATE85553T1/en
Priority to ES198989124129T priority patent/ES2039828T3/en
Priority to DE8989124129T priority patent/DE58903547D1/en
Publication of EP0434863A1 publication Critical patent/EP0434863A1/en
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Publication of EP0434863B1 publication Critical patent/EP0434863B1/en
Priority to GR930400255T priority patent/GR3007037T3/el
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/10—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping in moulds carried on the circumference of a rotating drum
    • B28B5/12—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping in moulds carried on the circumference of a rotating drum intermittently rotated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/12—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space co-operating with moulds on the circumference of a rotating drum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a turret press for pressing ceramic materials, in particular for the production of clay bricks, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating such a turret press.
  • Turret presses according to the preamble of claim 1 have been known and in operation for decades (cf. FR-A-1284395).
  • the drive consists of an internal combustion engine or a high-performance electric motor, which uses mechanical gears to rotate the drum, the press piston to perform a vertical reciprocating movement, and the lifting device to perform a combined movement, consisting of a reciprocating movement directed towards the center of the drum Movement and a pivoting movement.
  • the conversion of the motor rotation into the linear movement required by the press piston is carried out by a cam eccentric, the conversion of the continuous motor rotation into a gradual movement of the drum through a Maltese cross.
  • the drum for the pressing process and thus also for the lifting process can be stopped for a predetermined period of time, but the movement of the lifting device combined from a reciprocating movement and a pivoting movement is a continuous movement, which means that the lifting device carries out a slight, albeit curved, movement at the time the compact is lifted, which can lead to changes or even damage to the folds, in particular in the case of delicate interlocking tiles.
  • power reducers are also required because the forces required to drive the drum and lifting device are significantly lower than those for the press piston.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore, the mentioned To overcome the disadvantages of conventional turret presses and to create a turret press for pressing ceramic masses in which the movement processes of the essential components can be changed in a simple and quick manner while maintaining a timely correspondence and can thus be adapted to the respective operating conditions, but the economic outlay is nevertheless within reasonable limits remains.
  • the solution to this problem results from the characterizing features of patent claim 1.
  • two separate hydraulic drives are used as the drive for the turret press, namely a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit which acts directly on the press piston and is driven at a high pressure required for the press pressure, and a hydraulic motor for which considerable lower hydraulic pressures are sufficient and the branching mechanical gear drives the drum and the lifting device.
  • the tactical correspondence is brought about by an electronic control device, whereby the combination of hydraulic drives and an electronic control device understandably does not pose any difficulties in changing the individual movement sequences of the various components without endangering the aforementioned tactical correspondence.
  • the lifting height and / or speed profile of the press ram can be changed, for example, as can the speed of rotation and / or the duration of the standstill phases of the drum, without endangering the cycle.
  • the turret press has a machine frame which consists of a base part 11, side stands 12 and a head part 13. These parts are non-positively connected to one another by means of hydraulically prestressed tie rods 14.
  • the machine frame 11, 12, 13 is thus a torsion and bending-resistant, self-supporting overall construction.
  • a shaft 15a on which a drum 15 is seated is rotatably mounted in the machine frame.
  • the drum 15 is a six-surface drum, with at least one lower mold (not shown) being attached to each of the six drum surfaces 15b.
  • a brake disc 16 is fastened on the rotary shaft 15a; the holding force is generated by means of hydraulic brake shoes 17.
  • the press piston 18a is located perpendicularly above the center of the drum 15.
  • At least one press mold (not shown) is attached to the lower end face of the press piston 18a, and the press piston 18 is guided in linear guides 19 in this way, for example by a adjustable 8-fold linear guide so that it can be moved up and down exactly vertically; this movement is brought about by a press cylinder 20 and two input cylinders 21 which can be actuated via proportional valves (not shown).
  • the press piston 18a is therefore actuated by the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit controlled by proportional valves and consisting of the cylinders 20 and 21.
  • the compacts are removed from the lower molds by a lifting device designated by 22, which is capable of carrying out two separate movements, namely a linear reciprocating movement towards and away from the center of the drum 15, as well as a combined movement , consisting of a linear back and forth movement and a swivel movement.
  • 23 denotes a common hydrostatic rotary drive in the form of a hydraulic motor, which actuates the drum rotation via positively driven gears 23a, 24a and the lifting device 22 via positively guided cam mechanisms 23b, 24b.
  • an electronic control device is indicated, which is connected to a monitor 25a.
  • the turret press works as follows. From a feed device (not shown), a piece of clay is applied to one of the lower molds located on one of the side surfaces of the drum 15, in the exemplary embodiment shown to the lower mold of the drum surface pointing obliquely upward to the left in FIG. 2. The task takes place during a standstill phase of the drum. At the next rotation of the drum, this lower mold, filled with a piece of clay, then comes under the press piston 18a, and during the next standstill phase of the drum 15 it moves vertically downward and presses the upper mold located on its end face against the lower mold, so that the piece of clay is pressed into a compact. The press piston 18a then moves vertically upwards again.
  • the lower mold with the compact reaches a position which in FIG. 2 corresponds to the drum surface which points to the top right.
  • the lifting device moves perpendicularly to the drum surface mentioned, picks up the compact, moves back again and then swivels counterclockwise vertically downwards, in which the compact onto a - not shown - removal device is delivered.
  • the work process described corresponds in principle to the work process of conventional turret presses.
  • the special features explained below result from the design of the turret press according to the invention.
  • the lifting height and speed curve of the lifting movement of the press piston 18a can also be adjusted quickly and easily by means of the control unit 25, even during the press operation, in that the control device 25 adjusts the proportional valves mentioned for the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 20, 21 as desired.
  • Lift height and speed curve of the stroke can be optically displayed on the monitor 25a, so that the operator has an exact possibility of observation. Changes in the press nip, for example due to wear of the upper shape, or changes in the consistency of the clay material supplied can thus be determined immediately by the operator and taken into account.
  • a simple pressure relief valve also makes it possible to avoid damage to the pressure piece 18, for example if there is an extremely hard foreign body, for example a metal body, in the clay pad.
  • the lifting device 22 can be controlled in such a way that it moves linearly exactly perpendicularly to the lower mold as it approaches and is distant and only in starts pivoting a certain distance. An exact and gentle removal of the compact is achieved without impairing even the protruding, thin compact folds. A short standstill phase of the lifting device can be set at the time of sitting on the lower mold in order to improve the detachment process of the compact from the lower mold. Nevertheless, the necessary synchronization with the gradual rotation of the drum 15 is maintained because the lifting device and drum are driven by the same drive device, namely the hydraulic motor 23.
  • the hydraulic motor 23 can be followed by a worm gear, from which, on the one hand, the lifting device 22 is driven via a cam mechanism and, on the other hand, the drum 15 is driven via a cardan shaft and a step mechanism.
  • the lifting operations 22 and drum 15 are ensured in a coordinated manner with each other, i.e. for the lifting device a movement of a linear movement and a combined linear-pivoting movement, possibly with a standstill phase, and for the drum of a gradual rotary movement, coordinated with the linear up and down movement of the press ram.
  • the electronic control device 25 can be configured in any way; for example, in addition to the screen 25a, a printer can be connected that prints the respective values and curves. It is usually the case that with such Turret presses to produce a variety of different brick shapes. The following procedure is particularly advantageous.
  • the optimum data for the respective brick model that is to say the movement data for the drum, the press piston, the lifting device and, if appropriate, the feed device, are first determined in test runs. The resulting optimal data are then stored in a memory in association with the respective brick model. If a particular brick model is then to be produced during the actual operation of the turret press, the operator only has to enter the model code in the control unit 25; the special knowledge otherwise required for setting the turret press is therefore not necessary. If, during operation, the screen 25a shows deviations from the target values, conclusions can be drawn immediately, for example that the consistency of the sound supplied does not correspond to the required standard.
  • the turret press can be a so-called multi-field press, ie a press in which there are two or more sub-molds on each drum surface; of course, the same number of upper molds must then be provided on the end face of the press piston.
  • multi-field press ie a press in which there are two or more sub-molds on each drum surface; of course, the same number of upper molds must then be provided on the end face of the press piston.
  • the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit it is essential that it is a hydraulic direct drive with control options and high performance.
  • hydraulic motor and for the mechanical gearboxes connected to it but it is also essential here the most exact and easy controllability by electronic means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Control Of Presses (AREA)

Abstract

A revolving press for the pressing of ceramic masses, especially for the production of clay bricks, is improved in that the drive is a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic piston/cylinder unit independent of this, the hydraulic motor setting the drum in rotation via branching mechanical gears and moving to and fro and pivoting the lifting-off device in the direction of the drum centre point, whereas the hydraulic piston/cylinder unit moves the press plunger to and fro directly in the vertical direction. The timing of the movement cycles is guaranteed by an electronic control unit which controls the hydraulic motor, the mechanical gears and the piston/cylinder unit. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Revolverpresse zum Verpressen keramischer Massen, insbesondere zum Herstellen von Tonziegeln, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Revolverpresse.The invention relates to a turret press for pressing ceramic materials, in particular for the production of clay bricks, according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates to a method for operating such a turret press.

Revolverpressen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sind seit Jahrzehnten bekannt und in Betrieb (vgl. FR-A-1284395). Dabei besteht der Antrieb aus einem Verbrennungsmotor oder einem Elektromotor hoher Leistung, der über mechanische Getriebe die Trommel zu einer Drehbewegung, den Pressenkolben zu einer vertikalen Hin- und Herbewegung und die Abhebevorrichtung zu einer kombinierten Bewegung, bestehend aus einer auf den Trommelmittelpunkt gerichteten Hin- und Herbewegung und einer Schwenkbewegung, veranlaßt. Die Umsetzung der Motor-Drehbewegung in die vom Pressenkolben benötigte Linearbewegung erfolgt dabei durch einen Nocken-Exzenter, die Umsetzung der kontinuierlichen Motor-Drehbewegung in eine schrittweise Bewegung der Trommel durch ein Malteserkreuz. Die Verwendung eines einzigen Motors zum Antrieb von Trommel, Pressenkolben und Abhebevorrichtung erbringt zum einen den Vorteil einer vergleichsweise einfach zu erzielenden taktlichen Abstimmung der Bewegungsvorgänge der erwähnten Bauteile, zum anderen aber den Nachteil, daß diese Bewegungsvorgänge, wenn überhaupt, nur mit Schwierigkeiten den jeweiligen Erfordernissen angepasst werden können. So können beispielsweise Hubhöhe und Bewegungsablauf des Pressenkolbens nur dadurch verändert werden, daß die Exzenternocken gegen Nocken anderer Größe und Form ausgetauscht werden, was nur bei Stillstand der Presse möglich ist und vergleichsweise viel Zeit erfordert. Auch ein Ausgleich der Vergrößerung des Preßspalts zwischen Unter- und Oberform durch Abnützung ist nicht möglich; die Formen, insbesondere die bei jedem Preßvorgang beanspruchten Oberformen, müssen deshalb sehr häufig ausgetauscht werden. Auch der Abhebevorgang führt zu Problemen. So kann zwar durch die Verwendung des erwähnten Malteserkreuzes die Trommel für den Preßvorgang und damit auch für den Abhebevorgang für eine vorgegebene Zeitspanne angehalten werden, die aus einer Hin- und Herbewegung und einer Schwenkbewegung kombinierte Bewegung der Abhebevorrichtung jedoch ist eine fortlaufende Bewegung, was bedeutet, daß die Abhebevorrichtung bereits zum Zeitpunkt des Abhebens des Preßlings eine, wenn auch geringfügige gekrümmte Bewegung ausführt, was insbesondere bei feingliedrigen Falzziegeln zu Veränderungen oder gar Beschädigungen der Falze führen kann. Schließlich sind auch Leistungsuntersetzer erforderlich, weil die zum Antrieb von Trommel und Abhebevorrichtung erforderlichen Kräfte wesentlich geringer sind als diejenigen für den Pressenkolben.Turret presses according to the preamble of claim 1 have been known and in operation for decades (cf. FR-A-1284395). The drive consists of an internal combustion engine or a high-performance electric motor, which uses mechanical gears to rotate the drum, the press piston to perform a vertical reciprocating movement, and the lifting device to perform a combined movement, consisting of a reciprocating movement directed towards the center of the drum Movement and a pivoting movement. The conversion of the motor rotation into the linear movement required by the press piston is carried out by a cam eccentric, the conversion of the continuous motor rotation into a gradual movement of the drum through a Maltese cross. The use of a single motor for driving the drum, press piston and lifting device brings on the one hand the advantage of a comparatively easy to achieve tactical coordination of the movement processes of the components mentioned, but on the other hand the disadvantage that these movement processes are difficult, if at all, to meet the respective requirements can be customized. For example, the lifting height and sequence of movements of the press piston can only be changed by exchanging the eccentric cams for cams of other sizes and shapes, which is only possible when the press is at a standstill and requires a comparatively long time. It is also not possible to compensate for the enlargement of the press gap between the upper and lower mold by wear; the molds, in particular the upper molds used in each pressing process, must therefore be replaced very frequently. The withdrawal process also leads to problems. Thus, by using the Maltese cross mentioned, the drum for the pressing process and thus also for the lifting process can be stopped for a predetermined period of time, but the movement of the lifting device combined from a reciprocating movement and a pivoting movement is a continuous movement, which means that the lifting device carries out a slight, albeit curved, movement at the time the compact is lifted, which can lead to changes or even damage to the folds, in particular in the case of delicate interlocking tiles. Finally, power reducers are also required because the forces required to drive the drum and lifting device are significantly lower than those for the press piston.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, die erwähnten Nachteile üblicher Revolverpressen zu überwinden und eine Revolverpresse zum Verpressen keramischer Massen zu schaffen, bei der unter Beibehaltung einer taktgerechten Übereinstimmung die Bewegungsvorgänge der wesentlichen Bauteile auf einfache und schnelle Weise veränderbar und damit den jeweiligen Betriebsbedingungen anpaßbar sind, der wirtschaftliche Aufwand dabei aber trotzdem in vertretbaren Grenzen bleibt. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.The object of the present invention is therefore, the mentioned To overcome the disadvantages of conventional turret presses and to create a turret press for pressing ceramic masses in which the movement processes of the essential components can be changed in a simple and quick manner while maintaining a timely correspondence and can thus be adapted to the respective operating conditions, but the economic outlay is nevertheless within reasonable limits remains. The solution to this problem results from the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

Gemäß der Erfindung werden also als Antrieb für die Revolverpresse zwei gesonderte hydraulische Antriebe verwendet, nämlich ein hydraulisches Kolben-Zylinder-Aggregat, das unmittelbar auf den Pressenkolben einwirkt und mit einem für den Pressendruck erforderlichen hohen Druck gefahren wird, und einem Hydromotor, für den beträchtlich geringere hydraulische Drücke genügen und der über sich verzweigende mechanische Getriebe die Trommel und die Abhebevorrichtung antreibt. Die taktliche Übereinstimmung wird dabei durch eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung herbeigeführt, wobei es durch die Kombination hydraulischer Antriebe und einer elektronischen Steuereinrichtung verständlicherweise keine Schwierigkeiten bereitet, die einzelnen Bewegungsabläufe der verschiedenen Bauteile zu verändern, ohne dabei die erwähnte taktliche Übereinstimmung zu gefährden. Wie später im einzelnen noch erläutert werden wird, können damit beispielsweise Hubhöhe und/oder Geschwindigkeitsverlauf des Pressenstempels verändert werden, ebenso wie Drehgeschwindigkeit und/oder Dauer der Stillstandsphasen der Trommel, ohne Gefährdung der Taktübereinstimmung.According to the invention, two separate hydraulic drives are used as the drive for the turret press, namely a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit which acts directly on the press piston and is driven at a high pressure required for the press pressure, and a hydraulic motor for which considerable lower hydraulic pressures are sufficient and the branching mechanical gear drives the drum and the lifting device. The tactical correspondence is brought about by an electronic control device, whereby the combination of hydraulic drives and an electronic control device understandably does not pose any difficulties in changing the individual movement sequences of the various components without endangering the aforementioned tactical correspondence. As will be explained in detail later, the lifting height and / or speed profile of the press ram can be changed, for example, as can the speed of rotation and / or the duration of the standstill phases of the drum, without endangering the cycle.

In den Unteransprüchen sind besonders zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Revolverpresse gekennzeichnet, sowie ein Betriebsverfahren, mit dessen Hilfe es möglich ist, die Bewegungsabläufe der Revolverpresse verschiedenen Preßlingsmodellen anzupassen, ohne daß dabei die Revolverpresse von Personen langjähriger praktischer Erfahrung bedient werden müßte.Particularly useful embodiments of the turret press according to the invention are characterized in the subclaims, as well as an operating method with the aid of which it is possible to determine the movement sequences to adapt the turret press to various compact models without the turret press having to be operated by people with many years of practical experience.

Auf der Zeichnung ist eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Revolverpresse beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 skizzenhaft die Revolverpresse in Vorderansicht und
  • Fig. 2 skizzenhaft die Revolverpresse in Seitenansicht.
An example of the turret press according to the invention is shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 sketchy the turret in front view
  • Fig. 2 sketchy the turret in side view.

Gemäß der Zeichnung weist die Revolverpresse einen Maschinenrahmen auf, der aus einem Basisteil 11, Seitenständern 12 und einem Kopfteil 13 besteht. Diese Teile sind mittels hydraulisch vorgespannter Zuganker 14 kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden. Der Maschinenrahmen 11, 12, 13 ist somit eine verwindungs- und biegesteife, selbsttragende Gesamtkonstruktion. Im Maschinengestell ist drehbar eine Welle 15a gelagert, auf der eine Trommel 15 sitzt. Bei der Trommel 15 handelt es sich um eine sechsflächige Trommel, wobei auf jeder der sechs Trommelflächen 15b zumindest eine - nicht gezeichnete - Unterform angebracht ist. Zum Arretieren der Trommel 15 in ihren jeweiligen Stoppositionen ist auf der Drehwelle 15a eine Bremsscheibe 16 befestigt; die Haltekraft wird mittels hydraulisch beaufschlagter Bremsbacken 17 erzeugt.According to the drawing, the turret press has a machine frame which consists of a base part 11, side stands 12 and a head part 13. These parts are non-positively connected to one another by means of hydraulically prestressed tie rods 14. The machine frame 11, 12, 13 is thus a torsion and bending-resistant, self-supporting overall construction. A shaft 15a on which a drum 15 is seated is rotatably mounted in the machine frame. The drum 15 is a six-surface drum, with at least one lower mold (not shown) being attached to each of the six drum surfaces 15b. To lock the drum 15 in its respective stop positions, a brake disc 16 is fastened on the rotary shaft 15a; the holding force is generated by means of hydraulic brake shoes 17.

Mit 18 ist ein Druckstück bezeichnet, dessen Pressenkolben 18a sich senkrecht über dem Mittelpunkt der Trommel 15 befindet. An der unteren Stirnfläche des Pressenkolbens 18a ist zumindest eine - nicht gezeichnet - Pressenform angebracht, und der Pressenkolben 18 ist in Linearführungen 19 derart geführt, etwa durch eine verstellbare 8-fach-Linearführung, daß er exakt in der Vertikalen auf- und abbewegbar ist; diese Bewegung wird durch einen Preßzylinder 20 und zwei Eingangszylinder 21 bewirkt, die über - nicht gezeichnete - Proportionalventile betätigbar sind. Die Betätigung des Pressenkolbens 18a erfolgt also durch das von Proportionalventilen gesteuerte, aus den Zylindern 20 und 21 bestehende hydraulische Kolben-Zylinder-Aggregat.18 with a pressure piece is designated, the press piston 18a is located perpendicularly above the center of the drum 15. At least one press mold (not shown) is attached to the lower end face of the press piston 18a, and the press piston 18 is guided in linear guides 19 in this way, for example by a adjustable 8-fold linear guide so that it can be moved up and down exactly vertically; this movement is brought about by a press cylinder 20 and two input cylinders 21 which can be actuated via proportional valves (not shown). The press piston 18a is therefore actuated by the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit controlled by proportional valves and consisting of the cylinders 20 and 21.

Die Abnahme der Preßlinge aus den Unterformen erfolgt durch eine mit 22 bezeichnete Abhebevorrichtung, die in der Lage ist, zwei gesonderte Bewegungsabläufe durchzuführen, nämlich eine lineare Hin- und Herbewegung in Richtung zum Mittelpunkt der Trommel 15 hin und von diesem weg, sowie eine kombinierte Bewegung, bestehend aus einer linearen Hin- und Herbewegung und einer Schwenkbewegung. Mit 23 ist ein gemeinsamer hydrostatischer Drehantrieb in Form eines Hydromotors bezeichnet, der über zwangsgeführte Getriebe 23a, 24a die Trommeldrehung und über zwangsgeführte Kurvengetriebe 23b, 24b die Abhebevorrichtung 22 betätigt.The compacts are removed from the lower molds by a lifting device designated by 22, which is capable of carrying out two separate movements, namely a linear reciprocating movement towards and away from the center of the drum 15, as well as a combined movement , consisting of a linear back and forth movement and a swivel movement. 23 denotes a common hydrostatic rotary drive in the form of a hydraulic motor, which actuates the drum rotation via positively driven gears 23a, 24a and the lifting device 22 via positively guided cam mechanisms 23b, 24b.

Bei 25 ist eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung angedeutet, die mit einem Monitor 25a verbunden ist.At 25, an electronic control device is indicated, which is connected to a monitor 25a.

Die Revolverpresse arbeitet folgendermaßen. Von einer - nicht gezeichneten - Aufgabevorrichtung wird ein Tonbatzen auf eine der auf einer der Seitenflächen der Trommel 15 befindliche Unterform aufgebracht, bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel auf die Unterform der in Fig. 2 schräg nach links oben weisenden Trommelfläche. Die Aufgabe erfolgt während einer Stillstandsphase der Trommel. Bei der nächsten Trommeldrehung gelangt dann diese mit einem Tonbatzen angefüllte Unterform unter den Pressenkolben 18a, und dieser bewegt sich während der nächsten Stillstandsphase der Trommel 15 vertikal nach unten und preßt die an seiner Stirnfläche befindliche Oberform gegen die Unterform, so daß der Tonbatzen zu einem Preßling verpreßt wird. Der Pressenkolben 18a bewegt sich dann wieder vertikal nach oben. Nach der nächsten Schrittdrehung der Trommel 15 gelangt die Unterform mit dem Preßling in eine Position, welche in Fig. 2 der Trommelfläche entspricht, die nach rechts oben weist. Während der nun folgenden Stillstandsphase bewegt sich die Abhebevorrichtung senkrecht zur erwähnten Trommelfläche an diese heran, nimmt den Preßling auf, bewegt sich wiederum zurück und schwenkt dann gegen den Uhrzeigersinn in eine Position senkrecht nach unten, in welcher der Preßling auf eine - nicht gezeichnete - Abfördervorrichtung abgegeben wird. Insoweit entspricht der beschriebene Arbeitsvorgang prinzipiell dem Arbeitsvorgang üblicher Revolverpressen.Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Revolverpresse ergeben sich jedoch die nachfolgend erläuterten Besonderheiten.The turret press works as follows. From a feed device (not shown), a piece of clay is applied to one of the lower molds located on one of the side surfaces of the drum 15, in the exemplary embodiment shown to the lower mold of the drum surface pointing obliquely upward to the left in FIG. 2. The task takes place during a standstill phase of the drum. At the next rotation of the drum, this lower mold, filled with a piece of clay, then comes under the press piston 18a, and during the next standstill phase of the drum 15 it moves vertically downward and presses the upper mold located on its end face against the lower mold, so that the piece of clay is pressed into a compact. The press piston 18a then moves vertically upwards again. After the next step rotation of the drum 15, the lower mold with the compact reaches a position which in FIG. 2 corresponds to the drum surface which points to the top right. During the now following standstill phase, the lifting device moves perpendicularly to the drum surface mentioned, picks up the compact, moves back again and then swivels counterclockwise vertically downwards, in which the compact onto a - not shown - removal device is delivered. In this respect, the work process described corresponds in principle to the work process of conventional turret presses. However, the special features explained below result from the design of the turret press according to the invention.

Hubhöhe und Geschwindigkeitsverlauf der Hubbewegung des Pressenkolbens 18a sind, auch während des Pressenbetriebs, schnell und einfach mittels der Steuereinheit 25 verstellbar, und zwar dadurch, daß die Steuereinrichtung 25 die erwähnten Proportionalventile für die hydraulische Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 20, 21 wunschgemäß verstellt. Dabei können auf dem Monitor 25a Hubhöhe und Geschwindigkeitsverlauf des Hubs optisch dargestellt werden, so daß die Bedienungsperson eine exakte Beobachtungsmöglichkeit hat. Veränderungen des Preßspalts, etwa durch Abnutzung der Oberform, oder Veränderungen der Konsistenz des zugeführten Tonmaterials können somit sofort von der Bedienungsperson festgestellt und ihnen Rechnung getragen werden. Durch ein einfaches Überdruckventil ist es darüberhinaus möglich, Beschädigungen des Druckstücks 18 zu vermeiden, etwa wenn sich im Tonbatzen ein extrem harter Fremdkörper, etwa ein Metallkörper,befindet. Die Abhebevorrichtung 22 kann so gesteuert werden, daß sie sich bei Annäherung und Entfernung von der Unterform exakt senkrecht zu dieser linear bewegt und erst in einem gewissen Abstand zu schwenken beginnt. Damit wird eine exakte und schonende Abnahme des Preßlings erreicht, ohne Beeinträchtigung selbst weit vorstehender, dünner Preßlingsfalze. Dabei kann eine kurze Stillstandsphase der Abhebevorrichtung im Zeitpunkt des Aufsitzens auf der Unterform eingestellt werden, um so den Ablösevorgang des Preßlings von der Unterform zu verbessern. Trotzdem bleibt dabei die erforderliche Synchronisation mit der schrittweisen Drehung der Trommel 15 erhalten, weil ja Abhebevorrichtung und Trommel von derselben Antriebsvorrichtung, nämlich dem Hydromotor 23 angetrieben werden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist darauf hinzuweisen, daß beispielsweise dem Hydromotor 23 ein Schnekkengetriebe nachgeschaltet werden kann, von dem einerseits über ein Kurvengetriebe die Abhebevorrichtung 22 und andererseits über eine Kardanwelle und ein Schrittgetriebe die Trommel 15 angetrieben wird. Selbstverständlich sind für diese Getriebe zahlreiche Auslegungen möglich, wesentlich ist nur, daß für Abhebevorrichtung 22 und Trommel 15 die erwähnten Bewegungsvorgänge in zueinander abgestimmter Weise sichergestellt sind, also für die Abhebevorrichtung eine Bewegung aus einer Linearbewegung und einer kombinierten Linear-Schwenkbewegung gegebenenfalls mit Stillstandsphase, und für die Trommel einer schrittweisen Drehbewegung, abgestimmt auf die lineare Auf- und Abbewegung des Pressenstempels.The lifting height and speed curve of the lifting movement of the press piston 18a can also be adjusted quickly and easily by means of the control unit 25, even during the press operation, in that the control device 25 adjusts the proportional valves mentioned for the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 20, 21 as desired. Lift height and speed curve of the stroke can be optically displayed on the monitor 25a, so that the operator has an exact possibility of observation. Changes in the press nip, for example due to wear of the upper shape, or changes in the consistency of the clay material supplied can thus be determined immediately by the operator and taken into account. A simple pressure relief valve also makes it possible to avoid damage to the pressure piece 18, for example if there is an extremely hard foreign body, for example a metal body, in the clay pad. The lifting device 22 can be controlled in such a way that it moves linearly exactly perpendicularly to the lower mold as it approaches and is distant and only in starts pivoting a certain distance. An exact and gentle removal of the compact is achieved without impairing even the protruding, thin compact folds. A short standstill phase of the lifting device can be set at the time of sitting on the lower mold in order to improve the detachment process of the compact from the lower mold. Nevertheless, the necessary synchronization with the gradual rotation of the drum 15 is maintained because the lifting device and drum are driven by the same drive device, namely the hydraulic motor 23. In this context, it should be pointed out that, for example, the hydraulic motor 23 can be followed by a worm gear, from which, on the one hand, the lifting device 22 is driven via a cam mechanism and, on the other hand, the drum 15 is driven via a cardan shaft and a step mechanism. Of course, numerous designs are possible for these gears, the only essential thing is that the lifting operations 22 and drum 15 are ensured in a coordinated manner with each other, i.e. for the lifting device a movement of a linear movement and a combined linear-pivoting movement, possibly with a standstill phase, and for the drum of a gradual rotary movement, coordinated with the linear up and down movement of the press ram.

Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, die - nicht gezeichnete - Aufgabevorrichtung ähnlich der Abhebevorrichtung 22 zu gestalten, wobei dann gegebenenfalls der Antrieb der Aufgabevorrichtung ebenfalls durch den Hydromotor 23 erfolgt.Of course, it is also possible to design the feed device - not shown - similar to the lifting device 22, in which case the feed device may also be driven by the hydraulic motor 23.

Die elektronische Steuervorrichtung 25 kann beliebig ausgestaltet werden; so kann beispielsweise zusätzlich zum Bildschirm 25a ein Drucker angeschlossen sein, der die jeweiligen Werte und Kurven ausdruckt. Meist ist es so, daß mit derartigen Revolverpressen eine Mehrzahl unterschiedlicher Ziegelformen hergestellt werden soll. Besonders vorteilhaft geht man dann folgendermaßen vor. In Probeläufen werden zunächst die optimalen Daten für das jeweilige Ziegelmodell ermittelt, also die Bewegungsdaten für die Trommel, den Pressenkolben, die Abhebevorrichtung und gegebenenfalls die Aufgabevorrichtung. Die sich dabei ergebenden Optimaldaten werden dann in Zuordnung zu dem jeweiligen Ziegelmodell in einem Speicher abgelegt. Soll dann während des eigentlichen Betriebs der Revolverpresse ein bestimmtes Ziegelmodell hergestellt werden, dann hat die Bedienungsperson lediglich den Modellcode in die Steuereinheit 25 einzugeben; die ansonsten erforderlichen speziellen Fachkenntnisse für das Einstellen der Revolverpresse sind somit nicht erforderlich. Zeigt während des Betriebs der Bildschirm 25a Abweichungen von den Sollwerten an, dann können daraus sofort Schlüsse gezogen werden, etwa daß die Konsistenz des zugeführten Tons nicht der erforderlichen Norm entspricht.The electronic control device 25 can be configured in any way; for example, in addition to the screen 25a, a printer can be connected that prints the respective values and curves. It is usually the case that with such Turret presses to produce a variety of different brick shapes. The following procedure is particularly advantageous. The optimum data for the respective brick model, that is to say the movement data for the drum, the press piston, the lifting device and, if appropriate, the feed device, are first determined in test runs. The resulting optimal data are then stored in a memory in association with the respective brick model. If a particular brick model is then to be produced during the actual operation of the turret press, the operator only has to enter the model code in the control unit 25; the special knowledge otherwise required for setting the turret press is therefore not necessary. If, during operation, the screen 25a shows deviations from the target values, conclusions can be drawn immediately, for example that the consistency of the sound supplied does not correspond to the required standard.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern es sind diesem gegenüber zahlreiche Abwandlungen möglich, ohne den Bereich der Erfindung zu verlassen. So kann es sich bei der Revolverpresse um eine sogenannte Mehrfelderpresse handeln, also eine Presse, bei welcher sich auf jeder Trommelfläche zwei oder mehr Unterformen befinden; selbstverständlich muß dann auf der Stirnfläche des Pressenkolbens dieselbe Anzahl von Oberformen vorgesehen sein. Für die konstruktive Ausgestaltung des hydraulischen Kolben-Zylinder-Aggregats sind verschiedene Möglichkeiten gegeben, wesentlich ist jedoch, daß es sich um einen hydraulischen Direktantrieb mit Steuermöglichkeit und hoher Leistungsfähigkeit handelt. Ebenfalls sind für den Hydromotor und für die an diesen anschließenden mechanischen Getriebe zahlreiche Konstuktionsmöglichkeiten vorhanden; wesentlich ist aber auch hier die möglichst exakte und einfache Steuerbarkeit auf elektronischem Wege.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown, but numerous modifications are possible compared to it without leaving the scope of the invention. For example, the turret press can be a so-called multi-field press, ie a press in which there are two or more sub-molds on each drum surface; of course, the same number of upper molds must then be provided on the end face of the press piston. There are various options for the design of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit, but it is essential that it is a hydraulic direct drive with control options and high performance. There are also numerous design options for the hydraulic motor and for the mechanical gearboxes connected to it; but it is also essential here the most exact and easy controllability by electronic means.

Claims (10)

  1. Revolving press for pressing ceramic masses, in particular for the manufacture of clay tiles, having a machine frame, a multi-surface drum seated on a horizontal rotary shaft, with at least one bottom-half mould being arranged on each drum face, a thrust piece arranged above the drum with a press ram which can be moved vertically up and down and carries at least one top-half mould on its lower front face, a lifting device for lifting the pressed parts out of the bottom-half moulds and transferring them to a device for conveying them away, and a drive for the drum, the thrust piece and the lifting device, characterised by a combination of the following features:
    a) a hydraulic motor (23) which sets the drum (15) in rotation by way of branching mechanical gears (23a, 24a, 23b, 24b) and swivels the lifting device (22) and moves it to and fro in the direction of the centre of the drum,
    b) a hydraulic piston-and-cylinder unit (20, 21) which is independent of the hydraulic motor (23) and moves the piston (18a) of the press to and fro directly in the vertical direction,
    c) an electronic control unit (25) for controlling the hydraulic motor, the mechanical gears and the piston-and-cylinder unit for consistency of timing.
  2. Revolving press according to claim 1, characterised in that the gears (23a, 24a, 23b, 24b) connected downstream from the hydraulic motor (23) have worm shafts, Cardan shafts and cam gears.
  3. Revolving press according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that there is seated on the rotary shaft (15a) of the drum (15) a brake pressure plate (16) acted upon by hydraulically operated brake blocks (17).
  4. Revolving press according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the hydraulic piston-and-cylinder unit comprises a pressing cylinder (20), two feed cylinders (21) and proportional valves.
  5. Revolving press according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the piston (18a) of the press is guided in an eight-fold linear guiding device (19).
  6. Revolving press according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a video monitor (25a) and a memory are connected to the control unit (25).
  7. Revolving press according to one of claims 1 to 6, having an automatic feeding device, characterised in that the feeding device is driven by the hydraulic motor (23) by way of mechanical gears.
  8. Method for operating a revolving press according to one of claims 1 to 7 for the manufacture of different types of tile, characterised in that, first of all, in test operations for the various types of tile optimum data are determined for the height of lift and the variation in speed of lift of the piston (18a) of the press and for the speed of rotation and the stop times of the drum (15), these optimum data are stored in the memory of the control unit (25), and finally, as required, the stored data are read out of the memory by the control unit (25) by means of a code for the tile type and used as control signals.
  9. Method for the operation of a revolving press according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the permanent, continuous hydraulic motor (23) is operated at a hydraulic pressure of up to approximately 100 bar and the hydraulic piston-and-cylinder unit (20, 21) is operated at a pressure of up to approximately 300 bar.
  10. Method according to claim 8 and 9, characterised in that operation takes place at a pressing speed of 25 and more pressed parts per minute.
EP89124129A 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Revolving press for pressing ceramic masses and process for operating the revolving press Expired - Lifetime EP0434863B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89124129A EP0434863B1 (en) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Revolving press for pressing ceramic masses and process for operating the revolving press
AT89124129T ATE85553T1 (en) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 TURRET PRESS FOR PRESSING CERAMIC MASS AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE TURRET PRESS.
ES198989124129T ES2039828T3 (en) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 REVOLVER PRESS FOR THE COMPRESSION OF CERAMIC MASSES AND PROCEDURE FOR THE OPERATION OF THE REVOLVER PRESS.
DE8989124129T DE58903547D1 (en) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 REVOLVER PRESS FOR PRESSING CERAMIC MEASURES AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE REVOLVER PRESS.
GR930400255T GR3007037T3 (en) 1989-12-29 1993-02-11

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89124129A EP0434863B1 (en) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Revolving press for pressing ceramic masses and process for operating the revolving press

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434863A1 EP0434863A1 (en) 1991-07-03
EP0434863B1 true EP0434863B1 (en) 1993-02-10

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ID=8202287

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89124129A Expired - Lifetime EP0434863B1 (en) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 Revolving press for pressing ceramic masses and process for operating the revolving press

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0434863B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE85553T1 (en)
DE (1) DE58903547D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2039828T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3007037T3 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4401506C1 (en) * 1994-01-20 1995-05-11 Haendle Gmbh & Co Kg Mounting of a drum in a press for ceramic compositions, in particular for the production of roofing tiles
DE4401498A1 (en) * 1994-01-20 1995-08-03 Haendle Gmbh & Co Kg Ceramic mass press for making roof tiles
DE4401507A1 (en) * 1994-01-20 1995-08-03 Haendle Gmbh & Co Kg Guiding a pressure beam in the machine frame of a press, in particular roof tile press

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9111504U1 (en) * 1991-09-16 1991-11-21 Rieter-Werke Händle KG, 7750 Konstanz Revolver press for pressing ceramic masses
EP3486055A1 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-22 HÄNDLE GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau Roofing tile press

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH378757A (en) * 1961-01-09 1964-06-15 Fonderie Officine Meccaniche B Process and equipment for molding clay tiles in a continuous cycle
DE3540320A1 (en) * 1985-11-13 1987-05-14 Netzsch Maschinenfabrik Press for producing ceramic mouldings
IT1203434B (en) * 1987-04-02 1989-02-15 Mazzoni Spa G MOLDING EQUIPMENT TO FORM SOAP PIECES OR OTHER SUBSTANCES OF PASTY CONSISTENCY

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4401506C1 (en) * 1994-01-20 1995-05-11 Haendle Gmbh & Co Kg Mounting of a drum in a press for ceramic compositions, in particular for the production of roofing tiles
DE4401498A1 (en) * 1994-01-20 1995-08-03 Haendle Gmbh & Co Kg Ceramic mass press for making roof tiles
DE4401507A1 (en) * 1994-01-20 1995-08-03 Haendle Gmbh & Co Kg Guiding a pressure beam in the machine frame of a press, in particular roof tile press

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0434863A1 (en) 1991-07-03
GR3007037T3 (en) 1993-07-30
ES2039828T3 (en) 1993-10-01
DE58903547D1 (en) 1993-03-25
ATE85553T1 (en) 1993-02-15

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