EP0433755B1 - Device for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets - Google Patents

Device for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0433755B1
EP0433755B1 EP90123193A EP90123193A EP0433755B1 EP 0433755 B1 EP0433755 B1 EP 0433755B1 EP 90123193 A EP90123193 A EP 90123193A EP 90123193 A EP90123193 A EP 90123193A EP 0433755 B1 EP0433755 B1 EP 0433755B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile
stacking
height
sheets
piles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90123193A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0433755A1 (en
Inventor
Giancarlo Masini
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Civiemme SRL
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Civiemme SRL
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Publication of EP0433755A1 publication Critical patent/EP0433755A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B27/00—Bundling particular articles presenting special problems using string, wire, or narrow tape or band; Baling fibrous material, e.g. peat, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B27/08—Bundling paper sheets, envelopes, bags, newspapers, or other thin flat articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/42—Piling, depiling, handling piles
    • B65H2301/422—Handling piles, sets or stacks of articles
    • B65H2301/4223—Pressing piles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S414/00—Material or article handling
    • Y10S414/10—Associated with forming or dispersing groups of intersupporting articles, e.g. stacking patterns
    • Y10S414/12—Associated with forming or dispersing groups of intersupporting articles, e.g. stacking patterns including means pressing against top or end of group

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets.
  • a stacking device of this type has already become known from the applicant's EP-A-0 215 341.
  • a fixed device for feeding the lower and the upper cover plate for the stack is provided on one side of the stack formation stack, more precisely in the area of the upper stop of the stack stack formation.
  • a station for compressing and tying the stacks is provided on the other side of the shaft for forming the stacks consisting of arches.
  • a trolley-like device is provided which is provided with vertically arranged side parts which form delimiting bars. that lie against the sides of the sheet stack.
  • the lower cover plate is then placed on the fork when it has reached its upper position, namely after the fork has stopped in its upper end position. Since the finished stack is also temporarily stopped in the downward movement in order to allow the top cover plate to be placed on it, additional waiting times in the order of 4 to 5 seconds per cycle occur in automatic stacking devices for safety reasons. These delays do not occur with stacking devices to be loaded by hand. Therefore, a time saving in the order of magnitude of 20 to 30% is achieved for the conveying process of the stack.
  • the operator In the manually loaded stackers, the operator usually places the lower cover plate on the fork during the upward movement of the fork and the upper cover plate is placed on the finished stack of sheets after the stack has been placed on the roller conveyor. In other words, the operator places the top cover plate on the one hand Stack and with the other hand, she begins to move this stack in the direction of the pressing and tying device.
  • An increase in performance in automatically operating, vertically arranged stacking devices could be achieved by faster removal of the sheet stacks or by increasing the pre-stacking stroke, which is defined by the upper position of the swiveling blade and the upper position of the fork. Shortening the conveying process of the sheet stacks has very narrow limits due to the safety periods to be observed. An increase in the pre-stacking stroke would lead to an increase in the height of the stacking device. If one assumes that in the known stacking devices for stacks with a stack height of 1 m, the stacking devices are still directly accessible and usable in order to carry out monitoring and maintenance work, it is obvious to the person skilled in the art that an increase in the height of the stacking devices by e.g. . B.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a vertical, automatically operating stacking device which, at a predetermined working height for creating a given stacking height, optionally leaves the possibility of creating stacks of this given height or stacks with a substantially higher stacking height.
  • the proposed stacking device requires a limited number of components that require little space, are easy to manufacture and work safely and reliably, and do not impair or restrict access to the stacking device, and no larger space is required to set up the stacking device.
  • the vertical stacking device according to the invention is identified overall by 1.
  • an inclined roller conveyor 3 is provided, as well as a lower one Roller conveyor 4, which runs under a shaft 5 to form a stack 6, and under a pressing and binding station 7.
  • the pressing and binding station 7 is equipped with two pressure cylinders 8 and has a binding or tying device 9.
  • a movable carriage for the finished stack 6 is generally identified by 10.
  • the carriage 10 has z. B. on each side on two rods 11 and 12 which extend over the entire height of the finished stack 6 located in the shaft 5.
  • the carriage 10 is slidably mounted on guides 13.
  • the fork 14 is movable between an upper layer 0, which is shown with solid lines, and a lower layer, which is shown with dashed lines.
  • a blade for interrupting the arc flow B is identified by 15.
  • the blade 15 is shown in FIG. 3 in its upper waiting position.
  • 16 with a stop for the cover plates 17, which are housed in a plate feeder 18, is indicated.
  • the lateral rods 11 and 12 are provided divided and are operatively connected to an intermediate piston-cylinder unit 19.
  • Another piston-cylinder unit 20 is assigned to the device 18 for feeding the plates.
  • a piston-cylinder unit 21 is also assigned to the stop 16 for the cover plates 17.
  • a photo cell 24 is used to detect the downward moving upper end of the finished stack.
  • the photocell 24 is arranged in accordance with the upper end position I of the interference stroke Z, as explained in more detail below.
  • the photocell 24 can be arranged in a fixed or displaceable manner.
  • the device 18 can be moved via a piston-cylinder unit 20, specifically the plate feed device can be moved to two different heights.
  • the upper cover plate is fed once by the plate feeder 18 in position I, which corresponds to the uppermost layer and is located within the pre-stacking stroke H, the lower cover plate using the plate store 18 in the lower position O, in a known manner is fed.
  • the pre-stacking stroke H it is possible to produce stacks with a stack height that extends from the lower roller conveyor 4 to level I and is higher than level 0 of the fork 14 when it is in its uppermost position and opposite plane 0 forms an interference stroke Z located in the interior of the pre-stacking stroke H.
  • the side rods 11 and 12 of the carriage 10 are designed to be retractable at their upper end so as not to bump against the plate feeder 18 in its lowermost position.
  • the side rods 11, 12 are designed with a variable length, with the interposition of piston-cylinder units 19.
  • a piston-cylinder unit 21 is assigned to the end stop 16 of the cover plates 17.
  • an interference stroke Z is carried out within the actual pre-stacking stroke H, which serves both as an actual pre-stacking stroke and as an end stroke for the previous stack and enables the upper cover plate to be placed on it.
  • the same stacking device can be used to create stacks with a greater overall height than with conventional pre-stacking stroke H, without the provision of an interference stroke.
  • the Stacking device according to the above invention with the same stacking height, compared to other stacking devices with the same structure, the possibility can be created to produce the sheet stack in a shorter time. It follows that the Stacking device according to the invention can also be assigned to modern rotary printing machines with a high level of performance.
  • the time for forming and transporting the sheet stack is about 10% less compared to the usual manufacturing times.
  • the movements that is to say the lifting movements of the fork and the shovel, remain unchanged.
  • the prerequisite for a single production cycle for the creation and removal of the sheet stacks is automatically maintained, according to which the time required for the removal of the sheet stack is less than the time for performing the pre-stacking stroke.
  • the downward movement of the blade 15 is always - with the aid of a photo cell or similar device - with a safety distance of z. B. 3 cm above the top layer I of the plate feeder 18 to feed the cover plates stopped.
  • This arrangement serves to prevent the blade 15 from moving back prematurely, which would result in the arches of the pre-stack falling freely. Due to the weight differences between the light stop 16 for the cover plates and the heavy plate feeder 18, which can have a weight of 60 to 70 kg, and therefore slower is movable, 18 independent piston-cylinder units 20, 21 are provided for the stop 16 and the plate feeder.
  • the structure of the plate feeder 18 for feeding the cover plates and the means for moving the plate feeder 18, the stop for the cover plates and the upper end of the lateral limiting rods of the movable carriage can be chosen as desired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pile Receivers (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)

Description

Die vorstehende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum automatischen, vertikalen Stapeln von Boegen.The present invention relates to a device for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets.

Eine Stapelvorrichtung dieser Art ist bereits aus dem EP-A-0 215 341 der Anmelderin bekannt geworden. In dieser Vorveroeffentlichung ist auf einer Seite des Schachtes zur Bildung des Stapels, genauer gesagt im Bereich des oberen Anschlags der Gabel zur Bildung der Stapel, eine fest angeordnete Vorrichtung zum Zufuehren der unteren und der oberen Abdeckplatte fuer den Stapel vorgesehen. Auf der anderen Seite des Schachtes zur Bildung der aus Boegen bestehenden Stapel, ist eine Station zum Verdichten und Verschnueren der Stapel vorgesehen. Zum Abfoerdern des fertigen Stapels, aus dem Schacht in die Press- und Schnuervorrichtung, ist eine wagenartige Einrichtung vorgesehen, die mit senkrecht angeordneten Seitenteilen versehen ist, die Begrenzungsstaebe bilden, die an den Seiten des Bogenstapels anliegen.A stacking device of this type has already become known from the applicant's EP-A-0 215 341. In this prior publication, a fixed device for feeding the lower and the upper cover plate for the stack is provided on one side of the stack formation stack, more precisely in the area of the upper stop of the stack stack formation. On the other side of the shaft for forming the stacks consisting of arches, a station for compressing and tying the stacks is provided. In order to remove the finished stack from the shaft into the pressing and tying device, a trolley-like device is provided which is provided with vertically arranged side parts which form delimiting bars. that lie against the sides of the sheet stack.

Es ist bekannt, dass aus Sicherheitsgruenden in automatischen, vertikal angeordneten Stapelvorrichtungen der Zyklus zum Abfoerdern des Bogenstapels laenger ist als der Zyklus zum Abfoerdern der Pakete in vertikalen handbetriebenen Stapelvorrichtungen.It is known that for safety reasons in automatic, vertically arranged stacking devices, the cycle for conveying the sheet stack is longer than the cycle for conveying the packets in vertical, manually operated stacking devices.

Bei automatischen Stapelvorrichtungen wird die untere Abdeckplatte dann auf die Gabel aufgelegt, wenn diese in ihrer oberen Lage angelangt ist, und zwar nach dem Anhalten der Gabel in ihrer oberen Endlage. Da der fertige Stapel auch in der Abwaertsbewegung voruebergehend angehalten wird, um ein Auflegen der oberen Abdeckplatte zu ermoeglichen, entstehen in automatischen Stapelgeraeten aus Sicherheitsgruenden zusaetzliche Wartezeiten in der Groessenordnung von 4 bis 5 Sekunden pro Zyklus. Diese Verzoegerungen treten bei von Hand zu beschickenden Stapelgeraeten nicht auf. Daher wird fuer den Abfoerdervorgang der Stapel eine Zeitersparnis in der Groessenordnung von 20 bis 30 % erzielt. In den von Hand beschickten Stapelgeraeten legt die Bedienungsperson ueblicherweise die untere Abdeckplatte schon waehrend der Aufwaertsbewegung der Gabel auf diese auf und die obere Abdecktafel wird auf den fertig gebildeten Bogenstapel nach Absetzen des Stapels auf die Rollenbahn abgelegt. Mit anderen Worten, mit der einen Hand legt die Bedienungsperson die obere Abdeckplatte auf den Stapel und mit der anderen Hand beginnt sie, diesen Stapel bereits in Richtung der Press- und Verschnuervorrichtung zu verfahren.In the case of automatic stacking devices, the lower cover plate is then placed on the fork when it has reached its upper position, namely after the fork has stopped in its upper end position. Since the finished stack is also temporarily stopped in the downward movement in order to allow the top cover plate to be placed on it, additional waiting times in the order of 4 to 5 seconds per cycle occur in automatic stacking devices for safety reasons. These delays do not occur with stacking devices to be loaded by hand. Therefore, a time saving in the order of magnitude of 20 to 30% is achieved for the conveying process of the stack. In the manually loaded stackers, the operator usually places the lower cover plate on the fork during the upward movement of the fork and the upper cover plate is placed on the finished stack of sheets after the stack has been placed on the roller conveyor. In other words, the operator places the top cover plate on the one hand Stack and with the other hand, she begins to move this stack in the direction of the pressing and tying device.

Es ist ferner bekannt, dass Versuche unternommen werden, den Wirkungsgrad von Rotationsdruckmaschinen, die vor den beschriebenen Stapelvorrichtungen angeordnet sind, zu erhoehen. Diese Leistungssteigerung wird in Bogen pro Stunde gemessen.It is also known that attempts are being made to increase the efficiency of rotary printing presses which are arranged in front of the stacking devices described. This increase in performance is measured in sheets per hour.

Eine Zunahme der Leisungsfaehigkeit in automatisch arbeitenden, senkrecht angeordneten Stapelvorrichtungen koennte durch schnelleres Abfoerdern der Bogenstapel erzielt werden oder durch Vergroesserung des Vorstapelhubs, der von der oberen Lage der schwenkbaren Schaufel und der oberen Lage der Gabel definiert wird. Eine Verkuerzung des Abfoerdervorganges der Bogenstapel weist sehr enge Grenzen aufgrund einzuhaltender Sicherheitszeitraeume auf. Eine Vergroesserung des Vorstapelhubs wuerde zu einer Zunahme der Bauhoehe des Stapelgeraetes fuehren. Wenn man davon ausgeht, dass bei den bekannten Stapelgeraeten fuer Stapel mit einer Stapelhoehe von 1 m die Stapelgeraete noch direkt zugaenglich und bedienbar sind, um Ueberwachungs- und Instandhaltungsarbeiten durchzufuehren, so ist fuer den Fachmann einleuchtend, dass eine Vergroesserung der Bauhoehe der Stapelgeraete um z. B. 20 bis 40 cm, was auf eine Zunahme des Vorstapelhubs zurueckzufuehren ist, aus verschiedenen Gruenden in der Praxis nicht akzeptierbar ist. Stapelvorrichtungen mit derartig vergroesserter Bauhoehe wuerden die Verwendung von Stufen, Schemeln, Treppen, Handlaeufen, balkonartigen Anbauten und Sicherheitsvorrichtungen erforderlich machen. Diese Zusatzgeraete erfordern eine groessere Montageflaeche. Dieser Nachteil wirkt sich besonders schwerwiegend dann aus, wenn eine Serie von nebeneinanderliegenden Stapelgeraeten vorgesehen ist.An increase in performance in automatically operating, vertically arranged stacking devices could be achieved by faster removal of the sheet stacks or by increasing the pre-stacking stroke, which is defined by the upper position of the swiveling blade and the upper position of the fork. Shortening the conveying process of the sheet stacks has very narrow limits due to the safety periods to be observed. An increase in the pre-stacking stroke would lead to an increase in the height of the stacking device. If one assumes that in the known stacking devices for stacks with a stack height of 1 m, the stacking devices are still directly accessible and usable in order to carry out monitoring and maintenance work, it is obvious to the person skilled in the art that an increase in the height of the stacking devices by e.g. . B. 20 to 40 cm, which is due to an increase in the pre-stacking stroke from various reasons is not acceptable in practice. Stacking devices with such an increased overall height would require the use of steps, stools, stairs, handrails, balcony-like extensions and safety devices. These additional devices require a larger mounting area. This disadvantage is particularly serious when a series of stacking devices lying next to one another is provided.

Es ist weiter zu beruecksichtigen, dass bei Zunahme des Vorstapelhubs die Herstellungsmoeglichkeit von weniger hohen Paketen entsprechend eingeschraenkt wird.It must also be taken into account that as the pre-stacking stroke increases, the possibility of producing less high packages is correspondingly restricted.

Es ist nun Aufgabe der vorstehenden Erfindung, eine vertikale, automatisch arbeitende Stapeleinrichtung der genannten Art zu schaffen, mit der eine wesentliche Erhoehung des Wirkungsgrades erreicht werden kann, ohne dabei eine Zunahme der baulichen Abmessungen, besonders der Bauhoehe des Stapelgeraetes, in Kauf nehmen zu muessen. Eine weitere Aufgabe der vorstehenden Erfindung besteht darin, eine vertikale, automatisch arbeitende Stapelvorrichtung zu schaffen, die bei einer vorbestimmten Arbeitshoehe zur Erstellung einer gegebenen Stapelhoehe wahlweise die Moeglichkeit offenlaesst, Stapel dieser gegebenen Hoehe oder Stapel mit einer wesentlich hoeheren Stapelhoehe zu erstellen.It is an object of the above invention to provide a vertical, automatically operating stacking device of the type mentioned, with which a substantial increase in efficiency can be achieved without having to accept an increase in the structural dimensions, in particular the height of the stacking device . Another object of the present invention is to provide a vertical, automatically operating stacking device which, at a predetermined working height for creating a given stacking height, optionally leaves the possibility of creating stacks of this given height or stacks with a substantially higher stacking height.

Die erfindungsgemaesse Aufgabe wird mit einer vertikal angeordneten, automatisch arbeitenden Stapelvorrichtung fuer Boegen erreicht, bei der in einem Halterahmen eine schraeg angeordnete Rollenbahn und eine senkrecht dazu angeordneten Rollenbahn fuer die Aufnahme der hergestellten Stapel sowie ein Schacht zur Erstellung der Stapel vorgesehen sind, wobei der Schacht eine Strecke der Rollenbahn zur Aufnahme der Stapel abdeckt, mit einer Zusammenpress- und Verschnuerstation fuer die erstellten Stapel, die in einem Teilbereich der Rollenbahn, neben dem Schacht zur Bildung der Stapel angeordnet ist, mit einem Wagen mit verschwenkbaren Seitenteilen zum Verschieben jedes Stapels vom Schacht zur Erstellung der Stapel zu einer Verdichtungs- und Verschnuerstation der Stapel, mit einer Vorrichtung zum Auflegen einer unteren und der oberen Abdeckplatte auf der Gabel zur Aufnahme des Stapels bzw. auf der Oberseite des Stapels, mit Anschlagmitteln fuer die untere und die obere zugefuehrte Abdeckplatte, mit einer zurueckziehbaren Schaufel, die in den zur Stapelvorrichtung laufenden Bogenstrom einschiebbar und aus diesem Strom ausziehbar ist, und zur Vervollstaendigung der Bildung des jeweils herzustellenden Stapels dient, sowie zum anfaenglichen Bilden des Vorstapels des jeweils folgenden Stapels, mit Tastern zum Erkennen der Abwaertsbewegung des fertigen Stapels sowie mit Mitteln zum Bewegen, Steuern, Anhalten und Antreiben der Gabel und der Schaufel entsprechend dem Zyklus zum Erstellen und Abfoerdern der Stapel, wobei eine Vorfertigung des Vorstapels in einer Vorstapelzone und eine Vervollstaendigung des Stapels in der unter dem Schacht liegenden Zone erfolgt und das Ablegen des fertigen Stapels auf der darunterliegenden Rollenbahn erfolgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass

  • a) der Vorrichtung zum Zufuehren der unteren Abdeckplatte und der oberen Abdeckplatte, Einrichtungen zu deren hin- und hergehenden Bewegung in der Vertikalebene zwischen einer ersten Lage, die im wesentlichen der oberen Lage der Gabel fuer das Einschieben der unteren Platte entspricht und einer zweiten Lage der Vorrichtung zum Zufuehren der oberen Platten, zugeordnet sind, in der das Einschieben der oberen Abdeckplatte auf den Stapel erfolgt, wobei die zweite Lage der Vorrichtung zum Zufuehren der Platten, das heisst die Lage zum Einschieben der oberen Abdeckplatte auf den Stapel gegenueber der ersten Lage der Plattenzufuhreinrichtung einen Interferenzhub bildet, der in dem Vorstapelhub der Stapelvorrichtung liegt;
  • b) dem Endanschlag der Abdeckplatten Haltemittel zugeordnet sind, die in der vertikalen Ebene hin- und herbewegbar, zwischen einer unteren Lage, die der Beladestellung der unteren Abdeckplatte auf der Gabel und einer oberen Lage, die der Beladestellung der oberen Abdeckplatte in dem Vorstapelhub entspricht, angeordnet sind und
  • c) die Seitenteile des Verschiebewagens fuer den fertigen Stapel an ihrem oberen Ende durch zwischengeschaltete Einrichtungen in Vertikalrichtung zurueckziehbar ausgefuehrt sind zwischen einer ausgezogenen Verschiebelage zum Foerdern des Stapels, welche sich in bekannter Weise im wesentlichen der Beschickungslage der oberen Abdeckplatte entspricht und einer zurueckgezogenen Lage zur Rueckbewegung des Wagens in den Schacht zur Bildung der Stapel, wobei die zurueckgezogene Lage unter der oberen Lage der Gabel liegt.
The object according to the invention is achieved with a vertically arranged, automatically working stacking device for sheets, in which a sloping roller conveyor and a roller conveyor arranged perpendicular to it are provided in a holding frame for receiving the manufactured stacks and a shaft for creating the stacks, the shaft covers a stretch of the roller conveyor for receiving the stacks, with a compression and tying station for the created stacks, which is arranged in a partial area of the roller conveyor, next to the shaft for forming the stacks, with a trolley with pivotable side parts for moving each stack from the shaft to create the stack to a compression and tying station of the stack, with a device for placing a lower and the upper cover plate on the fork for receiving the stack or on the top of the stack, with lifting means for the lower and the upper supplied cover plate te, with a retractable shovel that can be inserted into the sheet stream running to the stacking device and pulled out of this stream, and serves to complete the formation of the stack to be produced in each case, and for the initial formation of the pre-stack of the respective subsequent stack, with buttons for recognizing the downward movement of the finished stack and with means for moving, controlling, Stopping and driving the fork and the bucket according to the cycle for creating and removing the stacks, prefabricating the pre-stack in a pre-stacking zone and completing the stack in the zone underneath the shaft, and depositing the finished stack on the roller conveyor underneath , characterized in that
  • a) the device for feeding the lower cover plate and the upper cover plate, devices for their reciprocating movement in the vertical plane between a first position which corresponds essentially to the upper position of the fork for inserting the lower plate and a second position of the Device for feeding the upper plates are assigned, in which the upper cover plate is pushed onto the stack, the second layer of the device for feeding the plates, that is to say the position for pushing the upper cover plate onto the stack opposite the first layer Plate feeder forms an interference stroke, which lies in the pre-stacking stroke of the stacking device;
  • b) the end stop of the cover plates are assigned holding means which can be moved back and forth in the vertical plane, between a lower position which corresponds to the loading position of the lower cover plate on the fork and an upper position which corresponds to the loading position of the upper cover plate in the Pre-stacking stroke corresponds, are arranged and
  • c) the side parts of the transfer carriage for the finished stack are designed to be retractable at their upper end by means of intermediary devices in the vertical direction between an extended displacement position for conveying the stack, which in a known manner corresponds essentially to the loading position of the upper cover plate and a retracted position for the return movement the trolley into the shaft to form the stacks, the retracted position being below the top position of the fork.

Weitere Merkmale der erfindungsgemaessen Vorrichtung koennen den untergeordneten Anspruechen sowie der nun folgenden Beschreibung entnommen werden.Further features of the device according to the invention can be found in the subordinate claims and in the description that follows.

Mit der vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung werden verschiedene Vorteile erzielt.Various advantages are achieved with the proposed device.

Die vorgeschlagene Stapelvorrichtung benoetigt eine beschraenkte Anzahl an Bauelementen, die einen geringen Platzbedarf aufweisen, einfach herstellbar sind und sicher und zuverlaessig arbeiten und den Zugang zur Stapeleinrichtung weder beeintraechtigen noch einschraenken und kein groesserer Platzbedarf zum Aufstellen des Stapelgeraetes notwendig ist.The proposed stacking device requires a limited number of components that require little space, are easy to manufacture and work safely and reliably, and do not impair or restrict access to the stacking device, and no larger space is required to set up the stacking device.

Ein weiterer Vorteil des vorgeschlagenen Stapelgeraetes ist darin zu sehen, dass die technische Lehre ohne bauliche Schwierigkeiten auch auf bereits bestehende Stapelvorrichtungen uebertragen werden kann.Another advantage of the proposed stacking device can be seen in the fact that the technical teaching without structural Difficulties can also be transferred to existing stacking devices.

Die Moeglichkeit, mit ein und demselben Stapelgeraet Bogenstapel herkoemmlicher Hoehe unter Beruecksichtigung der Bauhoehe des Stapelgeraetes und Bogenstapel mit einer groesseren Stapelhoehe herstellen zu koennen, erlaubt eine freie Wahl der gewuenschten Stapelhoehe, sowie den Einsatz des Stapelgeraetes auch im Anschluss an Rotationsdruckmaschinen mit hohem Leistungsgrad.The possibility of being able to produce sheet piles of conventional height with one and the same stacking device, taking into account the height of the stacking device and sheet piles with a larger stacking height, allows a free choice of the desired stacking height, as well as the use of the stacking device also in connection with rotary printing machines with a high performance level.

Weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Einzelheiten des erfindungsgemaessen Stapelgeraetes sind der folgenden Beschreibung, unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefuegten Zeichnungen zu entnehmen. In den Zeichnungen ist schematisch eine Ausfuehrungsform des erfindungsgemaessen vertikalen Stapelgeraetes dargestellt, es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Vorderansicht des erfindungsgemaessen Stapelgeraetes;
  • Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht gemaess Pfeil A des Stapelgeraetes nach Fig. 1; und
  • Fig. 3 eine prinzipielle Seitenansicht des Geraetes zur Darstellung des erzielbaren Interferenzhubs.
Further features, advantages and details of the stacking device according to the invention can be found in the following description with reference to the attached drawings. An embodiment of the vertical stacking device according to the invention is shown schematically in the drawings, in which:
  • 1 shows a front view of the stacking device according to the invention;
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view according to arrow A of the stacking device according to FIG. 1; and
  • Fig. 3 is a basic side view of the device to illustrate the achievable interference stroke.

Das erfindungsgemaesse vertikale Stapelgeraet ist gesamthaft mit 1 gekennzeichnet.The vertical stacking device according to the invention is identified overall by 1.

Im Rahmengestell 2 des Stapelgeraetes 1 ist eine schraeg angeordnete Rollenbahn 3 vorgesehen, sowie eine untere Rollenbahn 4, die unter einem Schacht 5 zur Bildung eines Stapels 6, und unter einer Press- und Bindestation 7 verlaeuft. Die Press- und Bindestation 7 ist mit zwei Druckzylindern 8 ausgeruestet und weist eine Binde- oder Schnuervorrichtung 9 auf. Mit 10 ist gesamthaft ein verfahrbarer Wagen fuer den fertigen Stapel 6 gekennzeichnet. Der Wagen 10 weist z. B. auf jeder Seite zwei Stangen 11 und 12 auf, die sich ueber die gesamte Hoehe des fertigen, im Schacht 5 befindlichen Stapels 6 erstrecken. Der Wagen 10 ist verschiebbar auf Fuehrungen 13 gelagert. Die Gabel 14 ist zwischen einer oberen Lage 0, die mit durchgehenden Linien dargestellt ist, und einer unteren Lage, die mit gestrichelten Linien dargestellt ist, verfahrbar. Mit 15 ist eine Schaufel zum Unterbrechen des Bogenflusses B gekennzeichnet. Die Schaufel 15 ist in Fig. 3 in ihrer oberen Wartestellung dargestellt. Die Hoehe H, zwischen der oberen Lage II der Schaufel 15 und der Lage O der Gabel in ihrer oberen Stellung, bildet einen Stapelhub. Mit 16 wird ein Anschlag fuer die Abdeckplatten 17, die in einem Plattenspeiser 18 untergebracht sind, angedeutet. Entsprechend der Erfindung sind die seitlichen Stangen 11 und 12 geteilt vorgesehen und stehen mit einer zwischengeschalteten Kolben-Zylindereinheit 19 in Wirkverbindung. Eine weitere Kolben-Zylindereinheit 20 ist der Vorrichtung 18 zum Zufuehren der Platten zugeordnet. Im dargestellten Beispiel ist auch dem Anschlag 16 fuer die Abdeckplatten 17 eine Kolben-Zylindereinheit 21 zugeordnet. Eine Fotozelle 24 dient zum Erfassen des sich nach unten bewegenden oberen Endes des fertigen Stapels. Die Fotozelle 24 ist in Uebereinstimmung mit der oberen Endlage I des Interferenzhubs Z angeordnet, wie nachfolgend naeher erlaeutert. Die Fotozelle 24 kann fest oder verschiebbar angeordnet sein. Bevor die Arbeitsweise Paketbildung/Paketabfuhr entsprechend der Erfindung beschrieben wird, sei kurz der Arbeitsablauf in bekannten vertikalen Stapelgeraeten mit lagefest angeordneter Plattenzufuhreinrichtung 18 beschrieben.In the frame 2 of the stacking device 1, an inclined roller conveyor 3 is provided, as well as a lower one Roller conveyor 4, which runs under a shaft 5 to form a stack 6, and under a pressing and binding station 7. The pressing and binding station 7 is equipped with two pressure cylinders 8 and has a binding or tying device 9. A movable carriage for the finished stack 6 is generally identified by 10. The carriage 10 has z. B. on each side on two rods 11 and 12 which extend over the entire height of the finished stack 6 located in the shaft 5. The carriage 10 is slidably mounted on guides 13. The fork 14 is movable between an upper layer 0, which is shown with solid lines, and a lower layer, which is shown with dashed lines. A blade for interrupting the arc flow B is identified by 15. The blade 15 is shown in FIG. 3 in its upper waiting position. The height H, between the upper position II of the blade 15 and the position O of the fork in its upper position, forms a stacking stroke. 16 with a stop for the cover plates 17, which are housed in a plate feeder 18, is indicated. According to the invention, the lateral rods 11 and 12 are provided divided and are operatively connected to an intermediate piston-cylinder unit 19. Another piston-cylinder unit 20 is assigned to the device 18 for feeding the plates. In the illustrated For example, a piston-cylinder unit 21 is also assigned to the stop 16 for the cover plates 17. A photo cell 24 is used to detect the downward moving upper end of the finished stack. The photocell 24 is arranged in accordance with the upper end position I of the interference stroke Z, as explained in more detail below. The photocell 24 can be arranged in a fixed or displaceable manner. Before the operation of package formation / package removal according to the invention is described, the workflow in known vertical stacking devices with a plate feed device 18 arranged in a fixed position will be briefly described.

Auf der Gabel 14 befindet sich bereits eine Abdeckplatte 17. Die Schaufel 15 mit dem Vorstapel wird abgesenkt, bis der Vorstapel auf der Gabel 14 zu liegen kommt. Die Gabel 14 beginnt die Abwaertsbewegung, waehrend dieser Bewegung wird der Stapel 6 vervollstaendigt. Die Vervollstaendigung des Stapels 6 wird durch das Einfuehren der inzwischen nach oben verfahrenen Schaufel 15 in den Bogenstrom B beendet und z. B. durch einen Schalter 23 festgestellt. Der Vorgang zum Abtransport des Paketes sieht ein Absenken des Stapels, z. B. in 4 Sekunden vor, darauf folgt der Auflegevorgang der oberen Abdeckplatte 17, z. B. in 3 Sekunden, dann erfolgt ein schnelles Absenken des Stapels 6, z. B. in 1 Sekunde, und die Ablage des Stapels 6 auf der Rollenbahn 4. Es folgt ein Verschiebevorgang des Stapels 6 in die Verdichtungs-und Schnuerstation 7, 9. Dieser Vorgang erfolgt z. B. innerhalb von 4 Sekunden. Anschliessend wird eine Hubbewegung der Gabel 14 in die obere Position 0, z.B. innerhalb von 7 Sekunden durchgefuehrt. Es folgt ein Auflegen der unteren Abdeckplatte 17 auf die Gabel, z. B. in 3 Sekunden. Ein solcher Vorgang zum Vorbereiten und Abtransportieren des Stapels 6 erfordert also im dargestellten Beispiel eine Zeit von ca. 22 Sekunden. Die untere Abdeckplatte und die obere Abdeckplatte werden stets in der gleichen Lage zugefuehrt, das heisst mit einer fest angeordneten Plattenzufuhrvorrichtung 18.There is already a cover plate 17 on the fork 14. The blade 15 with the pre-stack is lowered until the pre-stack comes to rest on the fork 14. The fork 14 begins the downward movement, the stack 6 is completed during this movement. Completion of the stack 6 is ended by introducing the blade 15, which has meanwhile moved upward, into the arc stream B and z. B. detected by a switch 23. The process of transporting the package sees a lowering of the stack, e.g. B. in 4 seconds before, followed by the laying process of the upper cover plate 17, z. B. in 3 seconds, then a rapid lowering of the stack 6, z. B. in 1 second, and the stack of the stack 6 on the roller conveyor 4. There follows a displacement process of the stack 6 in the compression and Schnuerstation 7, 9. This process takes place z. B. within 4 seconds. The fork 14 is then moved to the upper position 0, for example within 7 seconds. There follows a placement of the lower cover plate 17 on the fork, for. B. in 3 seconds. Such a process for preparing and transporting the stack 6 requires a time of approximately 22 seconds in the example shown. The lower cover plate and the upper cover plate are always fed in the same position, that is to say with a fixed plate feed device 18.

Erfindungsgemaess ist die Vorrichtung 18 ueber eine Kolben-Zylindereinheit 20 bewegbar, und zwar kann die Plattenzufuhrvorrichtung in zwei verschiedene Hoehenlagen verfahren werden. In diesen Stellungen erfolgt einmal die Zufuhr der oberen Abdeckplatte durch den Plattenspeiser 18 in der Position I, die der obersten Lage entspricht und sich innerhalb des Vorstapelhubs H befindet, wobei die untere Abdeckplatte unter Verwendung des Plattenspeichers 18 in der unteren Stellung O, in bekannter Weise zugefuehrt wird. Durch Beibehalten eines unveraenderten Vorstapelhubs H besteht die Moeglichkeit, Stapel herzustellen, mit einer Stapelhoehe, die sich von der unteren Rollenbahn 4 bis zur Ebene I erstreckt, und hoeher als die Ebene 0 der Gabel 14 liegt, wenn diese in ihrer obersten Lage steht und gegenueber der Ebene 0 einen sich im Inneren des Vorstapelhubs H befindenden Interferenzhub Z bildet.According to the invention, the device 18 can be moved via a piston-cylinder unit 20, specifically the plate feed device can be moved to two different heights. In these positions, the upper cover plate is fed once by the plate feeder 18 in position I, which corresponds to the uppermost layer and is located within the pre-stacking stroke H, the lower cover plate using the plate store 18 in the lower position O, in a known manner is fed. By maintaining an unchanged pre-stacking stroke H, it is possible to produce stacks with a stack height that extends from the lower roller conveyor 4 to level I and is higher than level 0 of the fork 14 when it is in its uppermost position and opposite plane 0 forms an interference stroke Z located in the interior of the pre-stacking stroke H.

Aufgrund dieser hin- und hergehenden Bewegung des Plattenspeisers 18 zum Zufuehren der Abdeckplatten ist es notwendig, dass die seitlichen Stangen 11 und 12 des Wagens 10 an ihrem oberen Ende einfahrbar ausgefuehrt sind, um nicht gegen den Plattenspeiser 18 in seiner untersten Lage anzustossen. Zu diesem Zweck sind die seitlichen Stangen 11, 12 mit veraenderbarer Laenge, unter Zwischenschaltung von Kolben-Zylindereinheiten 19 ausgefuehrt. In aehnlicher Weise ist dem Endanschlag 16 der Abdeckplatten 17 eine Kolben-Zylindereinheit 21 zugeordnet.Because of this reciprocating movement of the plate feeder 18 for feeding the cover plates, it is necessary that the side rods 11 and 12 of the carriage 10 are designed to be retractable at their upper end so as not to bump against the plate feeder 18 in its lowermost position. For this purpose, the side rods 11, 12 are designed with a variable length, with the interposition of piston-cylinder units 19. In a similar manner, a piston-cylinder unit 21 is assigned to the end stop 16 of the cover plates 17.

Mit der vorgeschlagenen Bauweise wird innerhalb des eigentlichen Vorstapelhubs H ein Interferenzhub Z durchgefuehrt, der sowohl als tatsaechlicher Vorstapelhub als auch als Endhub fuer den vorangegangenen Stapel dient und das Auflegen der oberen Abdeckplatte ermoeglicht. Auf diese Weise koennen mit ein und derselben Stapeleinrichtung Stapel mit einer groesseren Bauhoehe als bei herkoemmlichem Vorstapelhub H, ohne die Vorsehung eines Interferenzhubes, erstellt werden. Mit einer Stapelvorrichtung gemaess der vorstehenden Erfindung kann bei gleicher Stapelhoehe, gegenueber anderen Stapelgeraeten mit gleichem Aufbau die Moeglichkeit geschaffen werden, den Bogenstapel in kuerzerer Zeit herzustellen. Daraus folgt, dass die erfindungsgemaesse Stapeleinrichtung auch modernen Rotationsdruckmaschinen mit hohem Leistungsgrad zugeordnet werden kann. Bei gleicher Hoehe des Bogenstapels ist die Zeit zur Bildung und zum Abtransport des Bogenstapels um ca. 10 % geringer gegenueber bisher ueblichen Fertigungszeiten. Bei den erfindungsgemaessen Stapelgeraeten bleiben die Bewegungen, das heisst die Hubbewegungen der Gabel und der Schaufel, unveraendert.With the proposed design, an interference stroke Z is carried out within the actual pre-stacking stroke H, which serves both as an actual pre-stacking stroke and as an end stroke for the previous stack and enables the upper cover plate to be placed on it. In this way, one and the same stacking device can be used to create stacks with a greater overall height than with conventional pre-stacking stroke H, without the provision of an interference stroke. With a stacking device according to the above invention, with the same stacking height, compared to other stacking devices with the same structure, the possibility can be created to produce the sheet stack in a shorter time. It follows that the Stacking device according to the invention can also be assigned to modern rotary printing machines with a high level of performance. With the same height of the sheet stack, the time for forming and transporting the sheet stack is about 10% less compared to the usual manufacturing times. In the case of the stacking devices according to the invention, the movements, that is to say the lifting movements of the fork and the shovel, remain unchanged.

Es bleibt auf jeden Fall die Voraussetzung fuer einen einzigen Herstellungszyklus zur Erstellung und zum Abtransport der Bogenstapel in automatischer Weise erhalten, wonach die notwendige Zeit fuer den Abtransport des Bogenstapels geringer ist als die Zeit zur Durchfuehrung des Vorstapelhubs. Aus Sicherheitsgruenden wird die nach unten gerichtete Bewegung der Schaufel 15 stets - unter Zuhilfenahme einer Fotozelle oder einer aehnlichen Einrichtung - mit einem Sicherheitsabstand von z. B. 3 cm ueber der obersten Lage I des Plattenspeisers 18 zum Zufuehren der Abdeckplatten angehalten. Diese Vorkehrung dient dazu, eine vorzeitige Ruecklaufbewegung der Schaufel 15, welche einen freien Fall der Bogen des Vorstapels zur Folge haette, zu vermeiden. Aufgrund der Gewichtsunterschiede zwischen dem leichten Anschlag 16 fuer die Abdeckplatten und dem schweren Plattenspeiser 18, der ein Gewicht von 60 bis 70 kg aufweisen kann und aus diesem Grund langsamer verfahrbar ist, sind fuer den Anschlag 16 und den Plattenspeiser 18 unabhaengige Kolben-Zylindereinheiten 20, 21 vorgesehen.In any case, the prerequisite for a single production cycle for the creation and removal of the sheet stacks is automatically maintained, according to which the time required for the removal of the sheet stack is less than the time for performing the pre-stacking stroke. For safety reasons, the downward movement of the blade 15 is always - with the aid of a photo cell or similar device - with a safety distance of z. B. 3 cm above the top layer I of the plate feeder 18 to feed the cover plates stopped. This arrangement serves to prevent the blade 15 from moving back prematurely, which would result in the arches of the pre-stack falling freely. Due to the weight differences between the light stop 16 for the cover plates and the heavy plate feeder 18, which can have a weight of 60 to 70 kg, and therefore slower is movable, 18 independent piston-cylinder units 20, 21 are provided for the stop 16 and the plate feeder.

In der Praxis koennen durch Verwendung der automatischen Stapelvorrichtung gemaess der vorstehenden Erfindung gegenueber herkoemmlichen Stapelvorrichtungen mit gleicher Hoehe und gleichem Vorstapelhub, sowie fest angeordnetem Plattenspeiser 18, Stapel mit gleicher Bauhoehe in kuerzerer Zeit oder unter Verwendung einer beweglichen Plattenzufuhrvorrichtung 18 Stapel mit groesserer Bauhoehe, mit Zeiten fuer den Abtransport, die sich im gleichen Groessenbereich wie die Zeiten fuer den Abtransport der Pakete mit geringerer Hoehe befinden, erstellt werden. In beiden Funktionsablaeufen des vertikal angeordneten, automatisch arbeitenden Stapelgeraets nach der Erfindung, ist ohne weiteres ein ordnungsgemaesser kontinuierlicher Abtransport des Bogenstromes, der auch mit hoher Geschwindigkeit von der Rotationsdruckmaschine angeliefert wird, moeglich.In practice, by using the automatic stacking device according to the above invention compared to conventional stacking devices with the same height and the same pre-stacking stroke, as well as fixedly arranged plate feeders 18, stacks with the same construction height can be produced in a shorter time or by using a movable plate feeder 18 stacks with a larger construction height, with times for the removal, which are in the same size range as the times for the removal of the parcels with a lower height. In both functional sequences of the vertically arranged, automatically operating stacking device according to the invention, a correct, continuous removal of the sheet stream, which is also delivered at high speed by the rotary printing press, is readily possible.

Der Aufbau des Plattenspeisers 18 zum Zufuehren der Abdeckplatten sowie die Mittel zum Verfahren des Plattenspeisers 18, des Anschlages fuer die Abdeckplatten und des oberen Endes der seitlichen Begrenzungsstangen des verfahrbaren Wagens, koennen beliebig gewaehlt werden.The structure of the plate feeder 18 for feeding the cover plates and the means for moving the plate feeder 18, the stop for the cover plates and the upper end of the lateral limiting rods of the movable carriage can be chosen as desired.

Es faellt auch in den Schutzbereich der nachstehendem Ansprüche, konstruktive Aenderungen fuer die Antriebsmittel und Zeitmessmittel fuer die Schaufel und die Gabel vorzusehen.It also falls within the scope of protection of the following Demands to provide constructive changes for the drive means and timing means for the shovel and fork.

Claims (5)

  1. Device for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets, in which there are provided in a holding frame (2) an obliquely arranged roller track (3) and a roller track (4), arranged perpendicular thereto, for receiving the piles (6) produced, as well as a shaft (5) for producing the piles (6), said shaft (5) covering one stretch of the roller track (3) for receiving the piles (6), having a compression and tying station (7) for the piles (6) produced, which compression and tying station is arranged in a partial region of the roller track (4) next to the shaft (5) for forming the piles, having a carriage (10) with pivotable side parts (11, 12) for displacing each pile (6) from the shaft (5) for producing the piles to a compression and tying station (7) of the piles, having a device (18) for placing a lower and an upper covering plate (17) on the fork (14) for receiving the pile (6) or on the upper side of the pile (6), having stop means (16) for the lower and the upper covering plate (17) provided, having a retractable blade (15) which can be inserted in the flow (B) of sheets running to the stacking device (5) and can be withdrawn from said flow (B) and serves for completing the formation of the pile (6) to be produced in each case and for the initial formation of the preliminary pile of the subsequent pile in each case, having scanners for detecting the downward movement of the finished pile (6), and having means for moving, controlling, stopping and driving the fork (14) and the blade (15) in accordance with the cycle for producing and removing the pile (6), preforming of the preliminary pile taking place in a preliminary stacking zone (illegible) and completion of the pile (6) taking place in the zone located below the shaft (5), and the delivery of the finished pile (6) taking place on the roller track (4) located below it, characterised in that
    a) the device (18) for supplying the lower covering plate (17) and the upper covering plate (17) is assigned devices for moving said covering plates back and forth in the vertical plane between a first position (O), which corresponds substantially to the upper position of the fork (14) for inserting the lower plates (17), and a second position (I) of the device (18) for supplying the upper plates (17), in which second position (I) the insertion of the upper covering plate (17) onto the pile (6) takes place, the second position (I) of the device (18) for supplying the plates (17), that is to say the position for inserting the upper covering plate (17) onto the pile (6) compared to the first position (O) of the plate supply device (18), forming an interference height (Z) which lies in the preliminary stacking height (H) of the stacking device (1);
    b) the end stop (16) of the covering plates (17) is assigned holding means (21) which are arranged so as to be movable back and forth in the vertical plane between a lower position (O), which corresponds to the loading position of the lower covering plate (17) on the fork (14), and an upper position (I) which corresponds to the loading position of the upper covering plate (17) in the prestacking height (H), and
    c) the side parts of the displacement carriage (10) for the finished pile (6) are designed at their upper end so as to be retractable in the vertical direction by means of interposed devices (19) between an extended displacement position for conveying the pile (6), which, in a known manner, corresponds substantially to the loading position (I) of the upper covering plate (17), and a retracted position for returning the carriage (10) into the shaft (5) for forming the piles (6), the retracted position being located below the upper position (O) of the fork.
  2. Device according to Claim 1 for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets, characterised in that the distance (Z) between the two positions (O, I) for placing on the lower and the upper covering plate (17) in the height (H) of the preliminary pile, that is to say the interference height (Z), corresponds approximately to half or a sixth of the preliminary stacking height (H), advantageously to a quarter of the preliminary stacking height (H).
  3. Device for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets, according to Patent Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the means for the displacement back and forth of the plate supply device (18), the stop (16) for the covering plates (17) and the upper parts of the side boundary (11, 12) of the displaceable carriage (10) are formed by a piston-cylinder unit (20; 21; 19).
  4. Device according to one of the preceding claims for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets, characterised in that a fixedly arranged photocell (24) is provided for detecting the downwardly moving upper end of the finished pile (6) of sheets, which photocell is arranged in the vicinity of the preliminary stacking height (H) in alignment with the upper end (I) of the interference height (Z).
  5. Device for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets according to Patent Claim 4, characterised in that the photocell (24) is arranged so as to be vertically adjustable.
EP90123193A 1989-12-22 1990-12-04 Device for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets Expired - Lifetime EP0433755B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2281389 1989-12-22
IT02281389A IT1236921B (en) 1989-12-22 1989-12-22 AUTOMATIC VERTICAL STACKER FOR SIGNATURES.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0433755A1 EP0433755A1 (en) 1991-06-26
EP0433755B1 true EP0433755B1 (en) 1993-06-02

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EP90123193A Expired - Lifetime EP0433755B1 (en) 1989-12-22 1990-12-04 Device for the automatic vertical stacking of sheets

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US (1) US5215428A (en)
EP (1) EP0433755B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2033037C (en)
DE (1) DE59001616D1 (en)
IT (1) IT1236921B (en)
NO (1) NO175772C (en)

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Publication number Publication date
DE59001616D1 (en) 1993-07-08
NO905443L (en) 1991-06-24
US5215428A (en) 1993-06-01
IT8922813A0 (en) 1989-12-22
NO905443D0 (en) 1990-12-18
CA2033037C (en) 1994-12-13
EP0433755A1 (en) 1991-06-26
IT1236921B (en) 1993-04-26
NO175772B (en) 1994-08-29
IT8922813A1 (en) 1991-06-22
NO175772C (en) 1994-12-07

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