EP0430766A2 - Anode for an X-ray tube - Google Patents

Anode for an X-ray tube Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0430766A2
EP0430766A2 EP90403294A EP90403294A EP0430766A2 EP 0430766 A2 EP0430766 A2 EP 0430766A2 EP 90403294 A EP90403294 A EP 90403294A EP 90403294 A EP90403294 A EP 90403294A EP 0430766 A2 EP0430766 A2 EP 0430766A2
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Prior art keywords
layer
anode
layers
anode according
interposed
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EP90403294A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0430766A3 (en
Inventor
Jean-Marie Cabinet Ballot-Schmit Penato
Emile Cabinet Ballot-Schmit Gabbay
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General Electric CGR SA
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General Electric CGR SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
    • H01J35/108—Substrates for and bonding of emissive target, e.g. composite structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/08—Targets (anodes) and X-ray converters
    • H01J2235/088—Laminated targets, e.g. plurality of emitting layers of unique or differing materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray tube anode, more particularly a rotating anode of the type comprising a base body carrying a target formed by a surface layer of an X-ray emitting material.
  • X-rays are obtained under the effect of electronic bombardment of a layer of a target material, that is to say generally a material to high atomic number, refractory and good conductor of heat such as, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, or an alloy containing at least one of these elements.
  • a target material that is to say generally a material to high atomic number, refractory and good conductor of heat such as, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, or an alloy containing at least one of these elements.
  • the target layer is bombarded over a small area called the focal point, which constitutes the source of the radiation.
  • the rotating anodes are generally formed by a base body or substrate forming a block of regular shape such as a disc, a cone or the like, and on which is deposited one or more layers of an X-ray emissive material or target material.
  • the adhesion of the target material layer on the base body is improved by the deposition of an intermediate bonding layer, thus creating a certain continuity between the emissive material and the material forming the substrate, for example by surface diffusion of the fastening material in the other two materials or vice versa. This continuity can promote the propagation of cracks generated in the emissive material.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to remedy these drawbacks by proposing an anode comprising a particular structure preventing the propagation of cracks generated in the emissive material towards the base body or substrate, or vice versa.
  • an anode for an X-ray tube for example, a rotating anode, comprising a base body or substrate on which a target is formed by a layer of target material, characterized in that it comprises at least one layer interposed between said target layer and the substrate, made of a material having a "plasticity" higher than that of the material forming the substrate and the target material.
  • This layer of plastic material absorbs and attenuates the stresses generated by the formation of a crack in the target material or the substrate. Thus, the risks of cracking of this material being much more weak, due to its ability to deform, the propagation of these will be stopped or markedly attenuated. This layer of plastic material can also reduce the risk of these cracks forming by absorbing deformations of the layer of emissive material.
  • plasticity of a material it is necessary to understand the faculty of the material to be deformed permanently.
  • a material having a high ductility has a high plasticity.
  • the invention provides a second embodiment of the invention consisting in interposing between the target layer and the substrate a multi-layer structure consisting of several superimposed layers parallel to the target layer and formed alternately by a material to high plasticity and a material with low plasticity.
  • a bonding layer is interposed between, on the one hand, the target layer and the layer of plastic material or the multi-layer structure and, on the other hand, between the substrate or body base and plastic layer or multi-layer structure.
  • the bonding layers constitute the external layers of the multi-layer structure.
  • the material or materials forming the plastic layer or the multi-layer structure must, of course, have a melting temperature higher than the operating temperature of the anode, and in particular that of the hearth.
  • these materials must have the property suitable for the invention, such as plasticity, at all operating temperatures of the tube.
  • these operating temperatures are between that of the environment and 1400 ° C.
  • the materials suitable for the invention are in particular metallic elements or metallic alloys.
  • the material constituting the plastic layer or the layers of the multi-layer structure is an alloy of elements constituting the target layer, such as for example, an alloy of tungsten or molybdenum, the plasticity of this alloy being controlled by its composition.
  • the basic body may be constituted by a carbon block, metallic or made of composite material such as a carbon-carbon composite machined to a desired shape, or by several elements formed from identical or different materials and assembled, for example, by brazing.
  • the layers constituting the plastic layer, the multi-layer structure, the target layer and possibly the bonding layers are successively deposited on the surface of the base body by the usual techniques such as chemical vapor deposition and deposition processes.
  • chemical vapor deposition and deposition processes physics in vapor phase, better known respectively by the English acronyms CVD and P.V.D., electrolysis, plasma torch, for example.
  • the invention also relates to an X-ray tube comprising a rotating anode as described above.
  • an X-ray tube comprises, in an empty enclosure, not shown, a cathode 1 situated opposite an anode 2.
  • the cathode 1 is inserted in a focusing optics assembly 3 allowing the electron beam 4 emitted by the cathode to be guided and focused on a small surface 5 of the anode 2 called the focal point.
  • the emission of the electron beam 4 by the cathode is generated by high temperature heating of a filament (not shown).
  • the anode 2 receives the electron beam 3 and re-emits X-radiation referenced 6, in particular in the direction of a use window 17 provided, for example, on the envelope of the tube.
  • the anode 2 is mounted on an axis, not illustrated, driven in rotation.
  • the focus 5 is a crown of small width defined on the surface of the anode 2.
  • the anode 2 comprises a base body or substrate 7, having a cone shape in the example illustrated, on the outer surface of which is arranged a set of layers whose structure is illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the outermost layer 8 is the target layer constituted by an X-ray emitting material. Interposed between the substrate 7 and this target layer 8, a layer 9, made of a material plastic is deposited. In the illustrated embodiment, a bonding layer 10, 11 is deposited between on the one hand the substrate and the layer 9 and on the other hand the layer 9 and the target layer 8.
  • the target layer 8 and the bonding layers 10 and 11 are identical to the first embodiment.
  • a multi-layer structure 12 is interposed between the target layer 8 and the substrate 7.
  • This structure consists of a stack of layers 13, 14 made of materials having different plasticity characteristics.
  • the layers 13 have a high plasticity while the layers 14 are not deformable.
  • This succession of interfaces between plastic layer and non-plastic layer further reduces the ease of propagation of a crack.
  • An example of the composition of such a structure will be given below.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to anodes for X-ray tubes. The invention relates to an anode for an X-ray tube including a base body (7) or substrate on which a target is provided by a layer (8) of target material, characterised in that it comprises at least one layer (9) interposed between the said substrate (7) and the said target layer (8), and consisting of a material having a higher plasticity than that of the substrate (7) and of the target layer (8). <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne une anode de tube à rayons X, plus particulièrement une anode tournante du type comprenant un corps de base portant une cible formée par une couche superficielle d'un matériau émissif de rayons X.The invention relates to an X-ray tube anode, more particularly a rotating anode of the type comprising a base body carrying a target formed by a surface layer of an X-ray emitting material.

Dans les tubes à rayons X, notamment ceux utilisés pour le diagnostic médical, le rayonnement X est obtenu sous l'effet d'un bombardement électronique d'une couche d'un matériau cible, c'est-à-dire généralement un matériau à numéro atomique élevé, réfractaire et bon conducteur de la chaleur comme, par exemple, le tungstène, le molybdène, ou un alliage contenant au moins un de ces éléments.In X-ray tubes, in particular those used for medical diagnosis, X-rays are obtained under the effect of electronic bombardment of a layer of a target material, that is to say generally a material to high atomic number, refractory and good conductor of heat such as, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, or an alloy containing at least one of these elements.

Ces éléments sont les plus couramment utilisés, mais l'invention n'est pas limitée à une anode avec un matériau émissif contenant ces éléments ou leurs alliages.These elements are the most commonly used, but the invention is not limited to an anode with an emissive material containing these elements or their alloys.

La couche cible est bombardée sur une faible surface appelée foyer, constituant la source du rayonnement. Les puissances instantanées importantes (de l'ordre de 100 KW) mises en jeu, et les petites dimensions du foyer ont depuis longtemps conduit à utiliser des anodes tournantes afin de répartir et évacuer le flux thermique sur une surface plus grande que le foyer.The target layer is bombarded over a small area called the focal point, which constitutes the source of the radiation. The large instantaneous powers (of the order of 100 KW) brought into play, and the small dimensions of the hearth have long led to the use of rotating anodes in order to distribute and dissipate the heat flux over a surface larger than the hearth.

Cette répartition et évacuation thermique est d'autant plus efficace que la vitesse linéaire de rotation de l'anode est élevée,This thermal distribution and evacuation is all the more efficient the higher the linear speed of rotation of the anode,

Toutefois, cette vitesse linéaire est limitée par la résistance mécanique de l'anode, et notamment les risques d'éclatement de celle-ci, éclatement dû à la formation de fissures, notamment dans le matériau formant la couche cible, ces fissures se propageant dans les autres matériaux constituant l'anode.However, this linear speed is limited by the mechanical strength of the anode, and in particular the risks of it bursting, bursting due to the formation of cracks, in particular in the material. forming the target layer, these cracks propagating in the other materials constituting the anode.

En effet, les anodes tournantes sont généralement formées par un corps de base ou substrat formant un bloc de forme régulière telle qu'un disque, un cône ou analogue, et sur lequel est déposée une ou plusieurs couches d'un matériau émissif de rayons X ou matériau cible. Généralement, l'adhérence de la couche de matériau cible sur le corps de base est améliorée par le dépôt d'une couche intermédiaire d'accrochage, créant ainsi une certaine continuité entre le matériau émissif et le matériau formant le substrat, par exemple, par diffusion superficielle du matériau d'accrochage dans les deux autres matériaux ou inversement. Cette continuité peut favoriser la propagation des fissures générées dans le matériau émissif.Indeed, the rotating anodes are generally formed by a base body or substrate forming a block of regular shape such as a disc, a cone or the like, and on which is deposited one or more layers of an X-ray emissive material or target material. Generally, the adhesion of the target material layer on the base body is improved by the deposition of an intermediate bonding layer, thus creating a certain continuity between the emissive material and the material forming the substrate, for example by surface diffusion of the fastening material in the other two materials or vice versa. This continuity can promote the propagation of cracks generated in the emissive material.

L'invention a notamment pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant une anode comprenant une structure particulière évitant la propagation des fissures générées dans le matériau émissif vers le corps de base ou substrat, ou inversement.The object of the invention is in particular to remedy these drawbacks by proposing an anode comprising a particular structure preventing the propagation of cracks generated in the emissive material towards the base body or substrate, or vice versa.

A cet effet, l'invention propose une anode pour tube à rayons X, par exemple, une anode tournante, comprenant un corps de base ou substrat sur lequel une cible est formée par une couche de matériau cible, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins une couche interposée entre ladite couche cible et le substrat, constituée en un matériau présentant "une plasticité" plus élevée que celle du matériau formant le substrat et du matériau cible.To this end, the invention provides an anode for an X-ray tube, for example, a rotating anode, comprising a base body or substrate on which a target is formed by a layer of target material, characterized in that it comprises at least one layer interposed between said target layer and the substrate, made of a material having a "plasticity" higher than that of the material forming the substrate and the target material.

Cette couche de matériau plastique absorbe et atténue les contraintes générées par la formation d'une fissure dans le matériau cible ou le substrat. Ainsi, les risques de fissure de ce matériau étant nettement plus faibles, par suite de son aptitude à se déformer, la propagation de celles-ci sera stoppée ou nettement atténuée. Cette couche de matériau plastique peut également diminuer le risque de formation de ces fissures par absorption des déformations de la couche de matériau émissif.This layer of plastic material absorbs and attenuates the stresses generated by the formation of a crack in the target material or the substrate. Thus, the risks of cracking of this material being much more weak, due to its ability to deform, the propagation of these will be stopped or markedly attenuated. This layer of plastic material can also reduce the risk of these cracks forming by absorbing deformations of the layer of emissive material.

Par plasticité d'un matériau, il faut comprendre la faculté du matériau à se déformer de manière permanente. Ainsi, à titre d'exemple, un matériau ayant une ductilité élevée présente une plasticité élevée.By plasticity of a material, it is necessary to understand the faculty of the material to be deformed permanently. Thus, by way of example, a material having a high ductility has a high plasticity.

Pour renforcer cet effet, l'invention propose un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention consistant à interposer entre la couche cible et le substrat une structure multi-couches constituée de plusieurs couches superposées parallèlement à la couche cible et formées alternativement par un matériau à plasticité élevée et un matériau à plasticité faible.To reinforce this effect, the invention provides a second embodiment of the invention consisting in interposing between the target layer and the substrate a multi-layer structure consisting of several superimposed layers parallel to the target layer and formed alternately by a material to high plasticity and a material with low plasticity.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, une couche d'accrochage est interposée entre, d'une part, la couche cible et la couche en matériau plastique ou la structure multi-couches et, d'autre part, entre le substrat ou corps de base et la couche en matériau plastique ou la structure multi-couches.According to another characteristic of the invention, a bonding layer is interposed between, on the one hand, the target layer and the layer of plastic material or the multi-layer structure and, on the other hand, between the substrate or body base and plastic layer or multi-layer structure.

Avantageusement, dans le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, les couches d'accrochage constituent les couches externes de la structure multi-couches.Advantageously, in the second embodiment of the invention, the bonding layers constitute the external layers of the multi-layer structure.

Le ou les matériaux formant la couche plastique ou la structure multi-couches doivent, bien entendu, présenter une température de fusion supérieure à la température de fonctionnement de l'anode, et notamment de celle du foyer.The material or materials forming the plastic layer or the multi-layer structure must, of course, have a melting temperature higher than the operating temperature of the anode, and in particular that of the hearth.

De plus, ces matériaux doivent présenter la propriété convenable pour l'invention, comme la plasticité, à toutes les températures de fonctionnement du tube.In addition, these materials must have the property suitable for the invention, such as plasticity, at all operating temperatures of the tube.

Généralement, ces températures de fonctionnement sont comprises entre celle de l'ambiance et 1400°C.Generally, these operating temperatures are between that of the environment and 1400 ° C.

Les matériaux convenables pour l'invention sont notamment des éléments métalliques ou alliages métalliques.The materials suitable for the invention are in particular metallic elements or metallic alloys.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le matériau constituant la couche plastique ou les couches de la structure multi-couches est un alliage d'éléments constituant la couche cible, comme par exemple, un alliage de tungstène ou de molybdène, la plasticité de cet alliage étant contrôlée par sa composition.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the material constituting the plastic layer or the layers of the multi-layer structure is an alloy of elements constituting the target layer, such as for example, an alloy of tungsten or molybdenum, the plasticity of this alloy being controlled by its composition.

On peut également citer, à titre d'exemple, le tantale, le niobium, leurs alliages comme matériaux présentant une plasticité convenable pour l'invention. La forme et le ou les matériaux formant le corps de base ou substrat ne sont pas critiques pour l'invention. Ainsi, à titre d'exemple, le corps de base peut être constitué par un bloc de carbone, métallique ou en matériau composite tel qu'un composite carbone-carbone usiné à une forme désirée, ou par plusieurs éléments formés en matériaux identiques ou différents et assemblés, par exemple, par brasage.Mention may also be made, by way of example, of tantalum, niobium, their alloys as materials having a plasticity suitable for the invention. The shape and the material or materials forming the base body or substrate are not critical to the invention. Thus, by way of example, the basic body may be constituted by a carbon block, metallic or made of composite material such as a carbon-carbon composite machined to a desired shape, or by several elements formed from identical or different materials and assembled, for example, by brazing.

Les couches constituant la couche plastique, la structure multi-couches, la couche cible et éventuellement les couches d'accrochage sont déposées successivement sur la surface du corps de base par les techniques habituelles telles que les procédés de dépôt chimique en phase vapeur et de dépôt physique en phase vapeur, plus connus respectivement par les acronymes anglo-saxons C.V.D. et P.V.D., d'électrolyse, torche à plasma, par exemple.The layers constituting the plastic layer, the multi-layer structure, the target layer and possibly the bonding layers are successively deposited on the surface of the base body by the usual techniques such as chemical vapor deposition and deposition processes. physics in vapor phase, better known respectively by the English acronyms CVD and P.V.D., electrolysis, plasma torch, for example.

L'invention a également pour objet un tube à rayons X comprenant une anode tournante telle que décrite ci-dessus.The invention also relates to an X-ray tube comprising a rotating anode as described above.

D'autres buts, avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement au vu des exemples donnés ci-dessous de modes de réalisations de l'invention,et de la description de ces modes de réalisation faite en référence aux figures annexées données uniquement à titre indicatif et dans lesquelles

  • - la figure 1 est une représentation schématique et de principe d'un tube à rayons X,
  • - la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'une anode conforme à l'invention,
  • - la figure 3 est une vue schématique à échelle agrandie de la partie II de la figure 2 selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, et
  • - la figure 4 est une vue schématique à échelle agrandie de la partie II de la figure 2 selon un second mode de réalisation de l'inventeur.
Other objects, advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear more clearly in the light of the examples given below of embodiments of the invention, and of the description of these embodiments made with reference to the appended figures given only at indicative title and in which
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic and principle representation of an X-ray tube,
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of an anode according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view on an enlarged scale of part II of FIG. 2 according to a first embodiment of the invention, and
  • - Figure 4 is a schematic view on an enlarged scale of part II of Figure 2 according to a second embodiment of the inventor.

En se référant à la figure 1, un tube à rayons X comprend, dans une enceinte vide non représentée, une cathode 1 située en vis à vis d'une anode 2. La cathode 1 est insérée dans un ensemble d'optique de focalisation 3 permettant de guider et focaliser le faisceau d'électrons 4 émis par la cathode sur une petite surface 5 de l'anode 2 appelée foyer.Referring to FIG. 1, an X-ray tube comprises, in an empty enclosure, not shown, a cathode 1 situated opposite an anode 2. The cathode 1 is inserted in a focusing optics assembly 3 allowing the electron beam 4 emitted by the cathode to be guided and focused on a small surface 5 of the anode 2 called the focal point.

L'émission du faisceau d'électrons 4 par la cathode est générée par un chauffage à haute température d'un filament (non représenté).The emission of the electron beam 4 by the cathode is generated by high temperature heating of a filament (not shown).

L'anode 2 reçoit le faisceau d'électrons 3 et réémet un rayonnement X référencé 6, notamment en direction d'une fenêtre d'utilisation 17 prévue, par exemple, sur l'enveloppe du tube.The anode 2 receives the electron beam 3 and re-emits X-radiation referenced 6, in particular in the direction of a use window 17 provided, for example, on the envelope of the tube.

L'anode 2 est montée sur un axe, non illustré, entraîné en rotation. Ainsi, le foyer 5 est une couronne de faible largeur définie sur la surface de l'anode 2. On décrira maintenant en référence aux figures 2, 3 et 4 deux modes de réalisation de l'invention.The anode 2 is mounted on an axis, not illustrated, driven in rotation. Thus, the focus 5 is a crown of small width defined on the surface of the anode 2. We will now describe with reference to Figures 2, 3 and 4 two embodiments of the invention.

L'anode 2 comprend un corps de base ou substrat 7, ayant une forme de cône dans l'exemple illustré, sur la surface extérieure duquel est disposé un ensemble de couches dont la structure est illustrée dans les figures 3 et 4.The anode 2 comprises a base body or substrate 7, having a cone shape in the example illustrated, on the outer surface of which is arranged a set of layers whose structure is illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Ainsi, dans un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, la couche la plus externe 8 est la couche cible constituée par un matériau émissif de rayonnement X. Interposée entre le substrat 7 et cette couche cible 8, une couche 9, en un matériau plastique est déposée. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, une couche d'accrochage 10, 11 est déposée entre d'une part le substrat et la couche 9 et d'autre part la couche 9 et la couche cible 8.Thus, in a first embodiment of the invention, the outermost layer 8 is the target layer constituted by an X-ray emitting material. Interposed between the substrate 7 and this target layer 8, a layer 9, made of a material plastic is deposited. In the illustrated embodiment, a bonding layer 10, 11 is deposited between on the one hand the substrate and the layer 9 and on the other hand the layer 9 and the target layer 8.

On donnera ci-dessous un exemple de l'épaisseur et de la composition de ces différentes couches.

Figure imgb0001
An example of the thickness and composition of these different layers will be given below.
Figure imgb0001

Dans un second mode de réalisation, illustré par la figure 4, la couche cible 8 et les couches d'accrochage 10 et 11 sont identiques au premier mode de réalisation. Selon l'invention, une structure multi-couches 12 est interposée entre la couche cible 8 et le substrat 7. Cette structure est constituée par un empilement de couches 13, 14 réalisées en matériaux présentant des caractéristiques de plasticité différentes. Ainsi, les couches 13 présentent une plasticité élevée tandis que les couches 14 ne sont pas déformables. Cette succession d'interfaces entre couche plastique et couche non plastique diminue encore la facilité de propagation d'une fissure. On donnera ci-dessous un exemple de la composition d'une telle structure.

Figure imgb0002
In a second embodiment, illustrated by FIG. 4, the target layer 8 and the bonding layers 10 and 11 are identical to the first embodiment. According to the invention, a multi-layer structure 12 is interposed between the target layer 8 and the substrate 7. This structure consists of a stack of layers 13, 14 made of materials having different plasticity characteristics. Thus, the layers 13 have a high plasticity while the layers 14 are not deformable. This succession of interfaces between plastic layer and non-plastic layer further reduces the ease of propagation of a crack. An example of the composition of such a structure will be given below.
Figure imgb0002

Un autre exemple de structure 12 est donné ci-dessous

Figure imgb0003
Another example of structure 12 is given below.
Figure imgb0003

Claims (16)

Anode pour tube à rayons X comportant un corps de base (7) sur lequel une cible est formée par une couche (8) de matériau cible, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une structure multi-couches (12) interposée entre le substrat (7) et ladite couche cible (8), ladite structure (12) étant constituée de plusieurs couches (13, 14) superposées parallèlement à la couche cible (8), formées alternativement de couche de plasticité élevée ou faible.Anode for an X-ray tube comprising a base body (7) on which a target is formed by a layer (8) of target material, characterized in that it comprises a multi-layer structure (12) interposed between the substrate ( 7) and said target layer (8), said structure (12) consisting of several layers (13, 14) superimposed parallel to the target layer (8), formed alternately of high or low plasticity layer. Anode selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une couche d'accrochage (10) de la couche cible (8) sur la couche interposée (9) ou la structure interposée (12), et une couche d'accrochage (11) de la couche ou structure interposée sur le substrat (7).Anode according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a bonding layer (10) of the target layer (8) on the interposed layer (9) or the interposed structure (12), and a bonding layer ( 11) of the layer or structure interposed on the substrate (7). Anode selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que les couches d'accrochage précitées (10 et 11) constituent les couches externes de la structure multi-couches interposée (12).Anode according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the above-mentioned bonding layers (10 and 11) constitute the external layers of the interposed multi-layer structure (12). Anode selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau formant les couches de la structure multi-couches (12) est un alliage du matériau constituant la couche cible (8).Anode according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material forming the layers of the multi-layer structure (12) is an alloy of the material constituting the target layer (8). Anode selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les couches faisant la structure interposée (12) ont une épaisseur comprise entre 50 micromètres et 300 micromètres.Anode according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layers making up the interposed structure (12) have a thickness of between 50 micrometers and 300 micrometers. Anode selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le matériau formant les couches plastiques de la structure interposée (12) est un matériau présentant une propriété plastique aux températures de fonctionnement de l'anode.Anode according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material forming the plastic layers of the interposed structure (12) is a material having a plastic property at the operating temperatures of the anode. Anode selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ledit matériau plastique est un alliage de tungstène ou de molybdène avec un élément choisi dans le groupe comprenant le tantale.Anode according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said plastic material is an alloy of tungsten or molybdenum with an element chosen from the group comprising tantalum. Anode selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le matériau plastique est admis dans le groupe comprenant le tantale et leurs alliages.Anode according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plastic material is admitted to the group comprising tantalum and their alloys. Anode selon les revendications 2 à 8, caractérisée en ce que les couches d'accrochage (10, 11) sont formées par un alliage de tungstène ou de molybdène.Anode according to claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the bonding layers (10, 11) are formed by a tungsten or molybdenum alloy. Anode selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les couches de la structure interposée (12) sont constituées par un alliage de tungstène ou de molybdène avec un ou plusieurs éléments métalliques, la plasticité étant contrôlée par la composition de l'alliage.Anode according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layers of the interposed structure (12) consist of an alloy of tungsten or molybdenum with one or more metallic elements, the plasticity being controlled by the composition of the alloy . Anode selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le substrat (7) est un bloc en carbone composite carbone-carbone, métallique.Anode according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate (7) is a block of carbon composite carbon-carbon, metallic. Anode selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que le substrat (7) est une structure composite comprenant plusieurs éléments fabriqués en des matériaux différents.Anode according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the substrate (7) is a composite structure comprising several elements made of different materials. Tube à rayon X comprenant une anode selon l'une des revendications précédentes.X-ray tube comprising an anode according to one of the preceding claims. Tube selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'anode est tournante.
matériaux différents.Tube according to claim 13, characterized in that the anode is rotating.
different materials. Tube à rayon X comprenant une anode selon l'une des revendications précédentes.X-ray tube comprising an anode according to one of the preceding claims. Tube selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que l'anode est tournante.Tube according to claim 14, characterized in that the anode is rotating.
EP19900403294 1989-11-28 1990-11-21 Anode for an x-ray tube Withdrawn EP0430766A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8915633A FR2655191A1 (en) 1989-11-28 1989-11-28 ANODE FOR X-RAY TUBE.
FR8915633 1989-11-28

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EP0430766A2 true EP0430766A2 (en) 1991-06-05
EP0430766A3 EP0430766A3 (en) 1992-05-27

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US5138645A (en) 1992-08-11
EP0430766A3 (en) 1992-05-27
FR2655191A1 (en) 1991-05-31

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