EP0429355A1 - Device assuring a charge remains horizontal while being transferred from a higher to a lower level - Google Patents
Device assuring a charge remains horizontal while being transferred from a higher to a lower level Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0429355A1 EP0429355A1 EP90403278A EP90403278A EP0429355A1 EP 0429355 A1 EP0429355 A1 EP 0429355A1 EP 90403278 A EP90403278 A EP 90403278A EP 90403278 A EP90403278 A EP 90403278A EP 0429355 A1 EP0429355 A1 EP 0429355A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- carriage
- oven
- wheels
- pit
- rails
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0021—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of ceramic ware
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/38—Arrangements of devices for charging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
- F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
- F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0059—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising tracks, e.g. rails and wagon
- F27D2003/006—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising tracks, e.g. rails and wagon with a return track
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0059—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising tracks, e.g. rails and wagon
- F27D2003/0061—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising tracks, e.g. rails and wagon with means for changing track
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0085—Movement of the container or support of the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0093—Movement on a slope
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D2099/0083—Drives; Auxiliary drives
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to installations for cooking products such as bricks, tiles and the like.
- the products to be cooked are placed on supports positioned on wagons.
- the wagons loaded with raw products pass through a tunnel oven at a determined speed so that the products are properly cooked when the wagons come out of the oven.
- this body of water is not provided above the factory floor level, which would make it possible to keep the rails on a single horizontal plane, but in a pit.
- Lift tables are very expensive to manufacture when it comes to moving loads as large as the 80 tonnes of a wagon whose surface can reach 40 m2.
- the present invention aims to propose a new simple device capable of ensuring the passage of a wagon between two upper and lower levels while keeping it always perfectly horizontal.
- the device making it possible to ensure the passage of a load which must remain horizontal, such as a wagon transporting products requiring cooking, between an upper level and a lower level, according to the invention, is characterized in that it comprises a carriage provided with sections of rails, similar to those on which the wagon travels when it is at one of the upper or lower levels, in order to carry said wagon, said carriage being moved, by any suitable drive means, both vertically and horizontally in a movement during which said rail sections remain horizontal, between the upper level and the lower level.
- the carriage is of triangular section and is arranged in a pit also having a triangular section so that the wheels of the carriage, carried by its oblique lower side roll along an inclined ramp oblique, the upper part of the carriage remaining horizontal during movement which brings the rail elements carried by the carriage from a higher position where they are in the extension of the rails outside the oven carrying the wagons, to a lower position or they are as an extension of the interior rails placed in the oven and submerged.
- the trolley is provided with wheels situated on the same horizontal plane, the transition pit comprising as many inclined planes as there are sets of wheels, these inclined planes being parallel to each other so as to what the carriage moves while remaining parallel to itself.
- the carriage no longer has wheels but is carried by a set of parallel connecting rods forming a deformable parallelogram.
- FIG. 1 represents the general layout of a factory for manufacturing terracotta products such as brick tiles or the like.
- a wagon 4 can have an area of around 40m2 and weigh 80 tonnes when loaded.
- Factory 3 includes an oven 1 which can be of two kinds.
- the oven 1 can be a drying and baking oven, in which case the products loaded in 32 are not dried before being loaded on the wagons.
- the oven 1 can also be an oven in which only cooking is carried out, the drying of the products then being carried out in the manufacturing unit 31 before loading at 32.
- the wagon 4 runs on a track 33 generally parallel to the oven 1. It is then taken over by a ferry 34 which transports it transversely, to one of the auxiliary tracks 35 intended for storage or up to 'to track 36 of the oven 1. When it arrives in the axis of track 36, the ferry stops and the wagon is moved on the rails 30 of this track. The wagon 4 is then driven in the oven 1 on the rails 10 thereof. These rails 10 are immersed in a pit filled with a liquid which can for example be water and are at a level lower than that of the rails 30 of the factory.
- the wagon 4 At its exit from the oven, the wagon 4 is supported by a second transporter 37 which brings it either in the axis of an auxiliary track 35 or in the axis of the track 33.
- a second transporter 37 which brings it either in the axis of an auxiliary track 35 or in the axis of the track 33.
- the wagon When the wagon is back on track 33, it is unloaded at 38 from the cooked products which are conveyed to the shipping area 39 and then brought back empty to the loading area 32.
- the zones 32 and 38 could be merged into one.
- the auxiliary tracks 35 make it possible to remove a defective wagon but also to store throughout the week wagons of raw products which will be cooked during the weekend because it is absolutely out of the question to stop a cooking oven.
- FIGS 2 and 3 show a first embodiment of the invention.
- a ferry 34 which carries track elements 30a on which are the wheels 4a of a wagon 4.
- This ferry is shown in the position where it is located opposite an introductory airlock 2 placed at one end of a tunnel oven 1.
- This tunnel oven 1 comprises a pit F filled with water or other suitable liquid up to level E.
- immersed rails 10 on which go rolling the wheels 4a of the wagons 4, these wagons being provided with skirts, not shown which plunge into the liquid, below the level E.
- the pit F is extended at its two ends by a pit F ′, the bottom of which is constituted by an inclined plane 85 and which has a vertical wall 85a at its lowest end and an inclined flange 85b at its highest end.
- This carriage has a chassis whose cross section is triangular, that is to say that it comprises a horizontal upper part 81, carrying sections of rails 80 intended to receive the wheels 4a of a wagon 4 and an oblique lower part 82, parallel to the bottom 85 of the pit F ′.
- This oblique lower part 82 carries the wheels 84 of the carriage 8.
- the carriage 8 is moved from the high position, shown in FIG. 2 to the low position shown in FIG. 3.
- the rail sections 80 When it is in the high position (FIG. 2), the rail sections 80 are at the same height as the rail sections 30a of the transporter 34 and in their extension. When it is in the low position ( Figure 3), the rail sections 80 are at the same height as the rails 10 of the tunnel 1 and in their extension.
- Figures 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the invention.
- the oven 1 is a tunnel oven in which the wagons circulate 4, charged with 41 batteries products to be cooked, on rails 10 immersed in a pit F filled with water or other suitable liquid.
- E the level of the liquid in the pit F.
- the wagons 4 are completely surrounded by a skirt dipping in the liquid at its lower periphery.
- an airlock 2 which we see at 21 and 23 the locations of the doors. This airlock makes it possible not to put the oven in direct communication with the factory in order to allow the maintenance of the pressure or vacuum regime of the oven when a wagon 4 enters it.
- the carriage 5 In the position shown in Figure 4, the carriage 5 is in its upper position for which the rails 50 which it carries are at the level of the rails 30 of the factory 3 and located in the extension thereof so that a wagon 4 can pass smoothly from the rails 30 to the rails 50 of the carriage 5.
- the carriage 5 is formed, in the example shown, in FIGS. 4 to 6, of three beams 51 each supporting a rail 50.
- the beams 51 are connected together by transverse beams 52 in order to form a frame whose solidity is further improved by beams 53 positioned to triangulate the assembly.
- the carriage is provided with wheels 54 intended to allow its movement, these wheels being arranged in the same horizontal plane.
- the numbers of wheels 54 and rails 50 of the carriage may be equal to the numbers of wheels and rails provided for the wagon although this is not essential.
- Said wheels 54 move on raceways making it possible to bring the carriage 5 from the position shown in FIG. 4 to that shown in FIG. 5.
- the raceways are formed of inclined planes 55 located in planes parallel to each other connecting at their upper and lower ends to horizontal planes 56, 57 respectively.
- An inclined plane by axle or an inclined plane by wheel of the carriage can be provided. In any case, it will be necessary to carry out as many parallel planes as there are axles.
- the carriage 5 thus passes, while remaining horizontal from its high position for which the wheels are on the horizontal planes 56 to its low position (shown in FIG. 5) for which the wheels 54 are on the horizontal planes 57.
- the rails 50 are in the extension of the rails 10 of the oven 1 so that the wagon 4 can move from the carriage 5 to the oven 1.
- the carriage 5 passes from one of its positions to the other by the action of at least one jack 6.
- the jack 6 is hung at a fixed point 60 on the bottom of the airlock 2 at one of its ends and at a fixed point on the carriage 5 in the median plane of the latter at the other end.
- the carriage 5 When, as shown, the carriage 5 carries three rails 50, it will be preferred to use two jacks 61, 62 whose attachment points are located symmetrically with respect to the median plane occupied by the beam 51.
- Such a device has a very compact design, which makes it easier to produce a structure capable of supporting very heavy loads.
- the use of the jack 6 ensures that the movement will be done at low speed and smoothly so as not to risk overturning the stacks 41 of products, this even with very inclined raceways in order to reduce the length of the horizontal displacement.
- the rails 30 of the factory are in the extension of the rails 10 of the oven 1 while being at a higher level, this is why the carriage 5 moves horizontally in a direction parallel to the rails 30, 10 , 50.
- An identical device is used in the airlock leaving the oven.
- L 'assembly of the carriage 7 and connecting rods 71 form, seen in profile, a deformable parallelogram which passes from the high position shown in solid lines to the low position, shown in dotted lines.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne d'une manière générale les installations de cuisson de produits tels que briques, tuiles et autres.The present invention relates generally to installations for cooking products such as bricks, tiles and the like.
De manière connue en soi, les produits à cuire sont disposés sur des supports positionnés sur des wagons. Les wagons chargés de produits crus traversent un four tunnel à une vitesse déterminée afin que les produits soient convenablement cuits lorsque les wagons ressortent du four.In a manner known per se, the products to be cooked are placed on supports positioned on wagons. The wagons loaded with raw products pass through a tunnel oven at a determined speed so that the products are properly cooked when the wagons come out of the oven.
Afin de limiter les pertes de chaleur, il est connu de faire circuler les wagons dans une étendue de liquide, par exemple de l'eau. A cet effet, les rails sur lesquels circulent les wagons sont alors submergés et les wagons sont totalement entourés d'une jupe métallique dont la périphérie inférieure est continuellement dans le liquide.In order to limit the heat losses, it is known to circulate the wagons in an expanse of liquid, for example water. To this end, the rails on which the wagons run are then submerged and the wagons are completely surrounded by a metal skirt whose lower periphery is continuously in the liquid.
Pour des raisons de sécurité facilement compréhensibles ladite étendue d'eau n'est pas prévue au-dessus du niveau du sol de l'usine, ce qui permettrait de garder les rails sur un plan unique horizontal, mais dans une fosse.For easily understandable safety reasons, this body of water is not provided above the factory floor level, which would make it possible to keep the rails on a single horizontal plane, but in a pit.
Le fait de prévoir ainsi une fosse permet de ne pas risquer une inondation de l'usine mais oblige à prévoir des moyens assurant le passage des wagons du niveau du sol de l'usine sur lequel ils roulent durant les opérations de chargement, déchargement et stockage au niveau nettement plus bas du four.The fact of thus providing a pit makes it possible not to risk a flooding of the factory but obliges to provide means ensuring the passage of the wagons from the ground level of the factory on which they run during the loading operations, unloading and storage at the significantly lower level of the oven.
Le problème du passage des wagons d'un niveau haut à un niveau bas est compliqué par de nombreux facteurs:
- les wagons étant chargés de piles de produits à cuire, ils doivent rester constamment pratiquement horizontaux,
- les wagons chargés peuvent peser jusqu'à 80 tonnes,
- usuellement les wagons sont munis d'un nombre de roues pouvant atteindre 16,
- usuellement également il est prévu de 2 à 4 rails de roulement pour supporter et guider les wagons,
- les dimensions des postes nécessaires à l'introduction et à l'extraction des wagons dans et hors du four de cuisson sont déjà très importantes et il est souvent impossible d'intégrer dans une usine des installations nouvelles de grandes dimensions.The problem of moving cars from high to low is complicated by many factors:
- the wagons being loaded with piles of products to be cooked, they must remain constantly almost horizontal,
- loaded wagons can weigh up to 80 tonnes,
- usually the wagons are provided with a number of wheels up to 16,
- usually also 2 to 4 running rails are provided to support and guide the wagons,
- the dimensions of the stations necessary for the introduction and extraction of the wagons in and out of the baking oven are already very large and it is often impossible to integrate new plants of large dimensions in a factory.
De plus, il est bien entendu nécessaire d'effectuer le changement de niveau à l'entrée et à la sortie du four ce qui nécessite deux installations.In addition, it is of course necessary to carry out the level change at the inlet and at the outlet of the oven, which requires two installations.
Afin de faire passer le wagon d'un niveau à l'autre, on a déjà proposé d'utiliser soit des tables élévatrices, soit des transbordeurs inclinés mais ces installations posent toutes deux des problèmes de mise en oeuvre.In order to move the wagon from one level to another, it has already been proposed to use either lifting tables or inclined ferries, but these installations both pose implementation problems.
Les tables élévatrices sont très coûteuses à fabriquer lorsqu'il s'agit de déplacer des charges aussi importantes que les 80 tonnes d'un wagon dont la surface peut atteindre 40 m2.Lift tables are very expensive to manufacture when it comes to moving loads as large as the 80 tonnes of a wagon whose surface can reach 40 m2.
En ce qui concerne les transbordeurs inclinés, ceux-ci sont en premier lieu très complexes à réaliser de manière à maintenir le wagon toujours horizontal et cela d'autant plus que le nombre de roues est grand puisqu'il est nécessaire de prévoir des rails inclinés décalés d'un essieu à l'autre.As regards inclined ferries, these are first of all very complex to produce so as to keep the wagon always horizontal and this all the more so as the number of wheels is large since it is necessary to provide inclined rails offset from one axle to another.
Ces transbordeurs présentent également un gros inconvénient qui réside dans le fait qu'ils créent des fosses pleines d'eau à l'intérieur de l'usine ce qui pose des problèmes de sécurité et de circulation. De plus, la poussière présente dans l'usine peut tomber dans l'eau qui devient très rapidement boueuse.These ferries also have a major drawback which resides in the fact that they create pits full of water inside the plant, which poses safety and traffic problems. In addition, the dust present in the factory can fall into the water which quickly becomes muddy.
Ils ne permettent pas non plus de desservir de façon simple les voies situées de part et d'autre du four.They also do not allow the channels located on either side of the oven to be served in a simple manner.
La présente invention tend à proposer un nouveau dispositif simple capable d'assurer le passage d'un wagon entre deux niveaux supérieur et inférieur tout en maintenant celui-ci toujours parfaitement horizontal.The present invention aims to propose a new simple device capable of ensuring the passage of a wagon between two upper and lower levels while keeping it always perfectly horizontal.
A cet effet, le dispositif permettant d'assurer le passage d'une charge devant rester horizontale, telle qu'un wagon transportant des produits nécessitant une cuisson, entre un niveau supérieur et un niveau inférieur, selon l'invention, est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un chariot pourvu de tronçons de rails, semblables à ceux sur lesquels le wagon circule lorsqu'il est à l'un des niveaux supérieur ou inférieur, afin de porter ledit wagon, ledit chariot étant déplacé, par tout moyen moteur approprié, à la fois verticalement et horizontalement en un mouvement au cours duquel lesdits tronçons de rail demeurent horizontaux, entre le niveau supérieur et le niveau inférieur.To this end, the device making it possible to ensure the passage of a load which must remain horizontal, such as a wagon transporting products requiring cooking, between an upper level and a lower level, according to the invention, is characterized in that it comprises a carriage provided with sections of rails, similar to those on which the wagon travels when it is at one of the upper or lower levels, in order to carry said wagon, said carriage being moved, by any suitable drive means, both vertically and horizontally in a movement during which said rail sections remain horizontal, between the upper level and the lower level.
Suivant un premier exemple de réalisation de l'invention, le chariot est de section triangulaire et est disposé dans une fosse ayant également une section triangulaire de sorte que les roues du chariot, portées par son côté inférieur oblique roulent le long d'une rampe inclinée oblique, la partie supérieure du chariot demeurant horizontale pendant le déplacement qui amène les éléments de rail portés par le chariot depuis une position supérieure où ils sont dans le prolongement des rails extérieurs au four portant les wagons, jusqu'à une position inférieure ou ils sont dans le prolongement des rails intérieurs placés dans le four et immergés.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the carriage is of triangular section and is arranged in a pit also having a triangular section so that the wheels of the carriage, carried by its oblique lower side roll along an inclined ramp oblique, the upper part of the carriage remaining horizontal during movement which brings the rail elements carried by the carriage from a higher position where they are in the extension of the rails outside the oven carrying the wagons, to a lower position or they are as an extension of the interior rails placed in the oven and submerged.
Suivant un deuxième exemple de réalisation le chariot est muni de roues situées sur un même plan horizontal, la fosse de transition comportant autant de plans inclinés qu'il y a de trains de roues, ces plans inclinés étant parallèles les uns aux autres de façon à ce que le chariot se déplace en demeurant parallèlement à lui-même.According to a second embodiment, the trolley is provided with wheels situated on the same horizontal plane, the transition pit comprising as many inclined planes as there are sets of wheels, these inclined planes being parallel to each other so as to what the carriage moves while remaining parallel to itself.
Suivant un troisième exemple de réalisation le chariot n'a plus de roues mais est porté par un ensemble de bielles parallèles formant un parallélogramme déformable.According to a third embodiment, the carriage no longer has wheels but is carried by a set of parallel connecting rods forming a deformable parallelogram.
A titre d'exemples non limitatifs et pour faciliter la compréhension de l'invention, on a représenté aux dessins annexés :
- Figure 1, une vue schématique illustrant la circulation générale dans une résine de fabrication de tuiles, briques ou analogues;
- Figures 2 et 3, deux vues schématiques illustrant un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention;
- Figures 4 et 5 deux vues schématiques illustrant un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention;
- Figure 6 une vue en plan du chariot des figures 4 et 5;
- Figure 7, une vue illustrant le schéma de principe d'un troisième mode de réalisation.
- Figure 1, a schematic view illustrating the general circulation in a resin for manufacturing tiles, bricks or the like;
- Figures 2 and 3, two schematic views illustrating a first embodiment of the invention;
- Figures 4 and 5 two schematic views illustrating a second embodiment of the invention;
- Figure 6 a plan view of the carriage of Figures 4 and 5;
- Figure 7, a view illustrating the block diagram of a third embodiment.
La figure 1 représente l'implantation générale d'une usine de fabrication de produits en terre cuite tels que tuiles briques ou analogues.FIG. 1 represents the general layout of a factory for manufacturing terracotta products such as brick tiles or the like.
Ces produits sont fabriqués en terre crue en 31; puis chargés en 32 sur des wagons 4. Un wagon 4 peut avoir une surface de l'ordre de 40m² et peser 80 tonnes en charge.These products are made in raw earth in 31; then loaded in 32 onto
L'usine 3 comporte un four 1 pouvant être de deux sortes. Le four 1 peut être un four de séchage et de cuisson, auquel cas les produits chargés en 32 ne sont pas séchés avant leur chargement sur les wagons. Le four 1 peut également être un four dans lequel on n'assure que la cuisson, le séchage des produits étant alors effectué dans l'unité 31 de fabrication avant le chargement en 32.
Au moment de son chargement, le wagon 4 circule sur une voie 33 globalement parallèle au four 1. Il est ensuite pris en charge par un transbordeur 34 qui le transporte transversalement, jusqu'à l'une des voies auxiliaires 35 destinées au stockage ou jusqu 'à la voie 36 du four 1. Lorsqu' il arrive dans l'axe de la voie 36, le transbordeur s'arrête et le wagon est déplacé sur les rails 30 de cette voie. Le wagon 4 est alors entraîné dans le four 1 sur les rails 10 de celui-ci. Ces rails 10 sont immergés dans une fosse remplie d'un liquide pouvant par exemple être de l'eau et sont à un niveau inférieur à celui des rails 30 de l'usine.At the time of loading, the
A sa sortie du four, le wagon 4 est pris en charge par un second transbordeur 37 qui l'amène soit dans l'axe d'une voie auxiliaire 35 soit dans l'axe de la voie 33. Lorsque le wagon est de retour sur la voie 33, il est déchargé en 38 des produits cuits qui sont acheminés dans la zone d'expédition 39 puis ramené vide vers la zone de chargement 32.At its exit from the oven, the
Dans une variante, les zones 32 et 38 pourront être confondues en une seule.In a variant, the
Les voies auxiliaires 35 permettent de retirer un wagon défectueux mais également de stocker tout au long de la semaine des wagons de produits crus qui seront cuits durant le week-end car il est absolument hors de question d'arrêter un four de cuisson.The
Les figures 2 et 3 représentent un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention. On y a représenté de façon schématique un transbordeur 34 qui porte des éléments de voie 30a sur lesquelles se trouvent les roues 4a d'un wagon 4. Ce transbordeur est représenté dans la position où il se trouve en face d'un sas d'introduction 2 placé à l'une des extrémités d'un four tunnel 1. Ce four tunnel 1 comporte une fosse F remplie d'eau ou autre liquide approprié jusqu'au niveau E. Dans cette fosse longitudinale F sont immergés des rails 10 sur lequel vont rouler les roues 4a des wagons 4, ces wagons étant munis de jupes, non représentées qui plongent dans le liquide, au-dessous du niveau E.Figures 2 and 3 show a first embodiment of the invention. There is shown schematically a
La fosse F est prolongée à ses deux extrémités par une fosse F′ dont le fond est constitué par un plan incliné 85 et qui comporte une paroi verticale 85a à son extrémité la plus basse et un rebord incliné 85b à son extrémité la plus haute.The pit F is extended at its two ends by a pit F ′, the bottom of which is constituted by an
Dans cette fosse F′ roule un chariot 8, muni de roues 84. Ce chariot a un châssis dont la section transversale est triangulaire, c'est-à-dire qu'il comporte une partie supérieure horizontale 81, portant des tronçons de rails 80 destinés à recevoir les roues 4a d'un wagon 4 et une partie inférieure oblique 82, parallèle au fond 85 de la fosse F′. Cette partie inférieure, oblique, 82 porte les roues 84 du chariot 8.In this pit F ′ rolls a carriage 8, provided with
Par tout moyen mécanique non représenté, tel qu'un palan, un vérin, une crémaillère ou analogue, le chariot 8 est déplacé depuis la position haute, représentée à la figure 2 à la position basse représentée à la figure 3.By any mechanical means not shown, such as a hoist, a jack, a rack or the like, the carriage 8 is moved from the high position, shown in FIG. 2 to the low position shown in FIG. 3.
Lorsqu'il est à la position haute (figure 2), les tronçons de rails 80 sont à la même hauteur que les tronçons de rails 30a du transbordeur 34 et dans leur prolongement. Lorsqu'il est à la position basse (figure 3), les tronçons de rails 80 sont à la même hauteur que les rails 10 du tunnel 1 et dans leur prolongement.When it is in the high position (FIG. 2), the
On voit ainsi qu'avec un faible déplacement on assure, par mouvement à la fois vertical et horizontal, c'est-à-dire oblique, un transfert du wagon 4 d'un niveau à l'autre. La fosse F′ est de relativement faibles dimensions puisqu'elle est d'environ 25% plus grande qu'un wagon 4 et de surcroît elle est presque entièrement recouverte par le sas 2 ; de sorte qu'elle est très à l'abri des poussières.It can thus be seen that with a small displacement, movement by
Les figures 4 et 5 représentent un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention. On voit une portion du transbordeur 34 portant les rails 30a destinés à porter le wagon 4, qui, dans cette figure n'est pas représenté comme dans le cas des figures 1 à 3, le four 1 est un four tunnel dans lequel circulent les wagons 4, chargés de piles 41 de produits à cuire, sur des rails 10 immergés dans une fosse F remplie d'eau ou autre liquide approprié. On voit en E le niveau du liquide dans la fosse F. De manière connue et non représentée, les wagons 4 sont totalement entourés par une jupe trempant dans le liquide à sa périphérie inférieure.Figures 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the invention. We see a portion of the
A l'entrée du four 1 se trouve un sas 2 dont on voit en 21 et 23 les emplacements des portes. Ce sas permet de ne pas mettre le four en communication directe avec l'usine afin de permettre le maintien du régime de pression ou de dépression du four lors de l'entrée d'un wagon 4 dans celui-ci.At the entrance to the oven 1 is an
Comme dans le cas précédent, le transfert d'un niveau à l'autre est réalisé au moyen d'un chariot 5.As in the previous case, the transfer from one level to the other is carried out by means of a
Dans la position représentée à la figure 4, le chariot 5 est dans sa position haute pour laquelle les rails 50 qu'il porte sont au niveau des rails 30 de l'usine 3 et situés dans le prolongement de ceux-ci afin qu'un wagon 4 puisse passer sans encombre des rails 30 aux rails 50 du chariot 5.In the position shown in Figure 4, the
Le chariot 5 est formé, dans l'exemple représenté, aux figures 4 à 6, de trois poutres 51 supportant chacune un rail 50.The
Les poutres 51 sont reliées entre elles par des poutres transversales 52 afin de former un cadre dont la solidité est encore améliorée par des poutres 53 positionnées afin de trianguler l'ensemble.The
Le chariot est muni de roues 54 destinées à permettre son déplacement, ces roues étant disposées dans un même plan horizontal.The carriage is provided with
Les nombres de roues 54 et de rails 50 du chariot pourront être égaux aux nombres de roues et de rails prévus pour le wagon bien que ceci ne soit pas indispensable.The numbers of
Lesdites roues 54 se déplacent sur des chemins de roulement permettant d'amener le chariot 5 de la position représentée à la figure 4 à celle représentée à la figure 5.Said
Les chemins de roulement sont formés de plans inclinés 55 situés dans des plans parallèles les uns aux autres se raccordant à leurs extrémités supérieure et inférieure à des plans horizontaux 56, 57 respectivement. On peut prévoir un plan incliné par essieu ou un plan incliné par roue du chariot. De toutes manières, il sera nécessaire de réaliser autant de plans parallèles qu'il y a d'essieux.The raceways are formed of
Ces chemins de roulement permettent de déplacer le chariot 5 à la fois en translation horizontale et en translation verticale, simultanément ou non.These raceways make it possible to move the
Le chariot 5 passe ainsi, tout en restant horizontal de sa position haute pour laquelle les roues sont sur les plans horizontaux 56 à sa position basse (représentée à la figure 5) pour laquelle les roues 54 sont sur les plans horizontaux 57.The
Dans la position basse, les rails 50 sont dans le prolongement des rails 10 du four 1 de manière à ce que le wagon 4 puisse se déplacer du chariot 5 vers le four 1.In the low position, the
Le chariot 5 passe de l'une de ses positions à l'autre par l'action d'au moins un vérin 6.The
Le vérin 6 est accroché en un point fixe 60 sur le fond du sas 2 à l'une de ses extrémités et en un point fixe du chariot 5 dans le plan médian de celui-ci à l'autre extrémité.The
Lorsque comme représenté, le chariot 5 porte trois rails 50, on préfèrera mettre en oeuvre deux vérins 61, 62 dont les points d'attache sont situés de manière symétrique par rapport au plan médian occupé par la poutre 51.When, as shown, the
Un tel dispositif est de conception très compacte ce qui rend plus facile à réaliser une structure capable de supporter de très lourdes charges.Such a device has a very compact design, which makes it easier to produce a structure capable of supporting very heavy loads.
De plus, l'utilisation du vérin 6 permet d'assurer que le déplacement se fera à faible vitesse et sans heurt afin de ne pas risquer de renverser les piles 41 de produits, ceci même avec des chemins de roulement très inclinés afin de réduire la longueur du déplacement horizontal.In addition, the use of the
Dans l'exemple représenté, les rails 30 de l'usine sont dans le prolongement des rails 10 du four 1 tout en étant à un niveau supérieur, c'est pourquoi le chariot 5 se déplace horizontalement dans une direction parallèle aux rails 30, 10, 50.In the example shown, the
On ne sortirait pas du cadre de l'invention en proposant un chariot dont les roues 54 se déplaceraient sur des chemins de roulement de direction perpendiculaire ou même oblique par rapport à celle des rails 30, 10, 50. De telles dispositions nécessiteraient uniquement de prévoir le sas d'entrée 2 de taille un peu plus importante transversalement.It would not be departing from the scope of the invention to provide a carriage, the
La mise en oeuvre de plans horizontaux 56 et 57 aux extrémités des chemins de roulement permet d'obtenir des positions stables du chariot 5 sans devoir activer les moyens de commande ce qui assure une bonne sécurité du dispositif.The implementation of
Un dispositif identique est mis en oeuvre dans le sas de sortie du four.An identical device is used in the airlock leaving the oven.
Suivant un troisième mode de réalisation du dispositif (figure 7) le chariot 7, qui à la manière du chariot 5 est formé par des poutres portant des éléments de voies 70, est articulé sur le sol de chaque fosse F par des bielles 71. L'ensemble du chariot 7 et des bielles 71 forme, vu de profil, un parallélogramme déformable qui passe de la position haute représentée en traits pleins à la position basse, représentée en pointillé.According to a third embodiment of the device (Figure 7) the carriage 7, which in the manner of the
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8915414 | 1989-11-23 | ||
FR8915414A FR2654812A1 (en) | 1989-11-23 | 1989-11-23 | DEVICE FOR ENSURING THE PASSAGE OF A LOAD THAT MUST REMAIN HORIZONTAL BETWEEN AN UPPER LEVEL AND A LOWER LEVEL. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0429355A1 true EP0429355A1 (en) | 1991-05-29 |
Family
ID=9387713
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90403278A Withdrawn EP0429355A1 (en) | 1989-11-23 | 1990-11-21 | Device assuring a charge remains horizontal while being transferred from a higher to a lower level |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0429355A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH03175286A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6673890A (en) |
CS (1) | CS573290A3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI905778A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2654812A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUT55527A (en) |
PT (1) | PT95957A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0648993A1 (en) * | 1993-10-19 | 1995-04-19 | DANIELI & C. OFFICINE MECCANICHE S.p.A. | Heating and/or temperature-maintaining furnace for slabs |
FR2766742A1 (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-05 | Stein Heurtey | DEVICE FOR TRANSFERRING BETWEEN A FIRST PREHEATING ENCLOSURE AND A SECOND HEATING ENCLOSURE |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1531407A (en) * | 1924-08-12 | 1925-03-31 | United Eng Foundry Co | Charging machine for annealing furnaces |
FR995298A (en) * | 1949-09-15 | 1951-11-29 | Commanditaire Vennootschap Aro | Method of loading and unloading a multi-chamber furnace for firing brick and iron laths, and devices for carrying out said method |
FR1429594A (en) * | 1965-03-10 | 1966-02-25 | Pohlig Heckel Bleichert | Movable floor with rails for mining sedans |
US3633885A (en) * | 1970-03-20 | 1972-01-11 | Btu Eng Corp | Movable hearth furnace |
-
1989
- 1989-11-23 FR FR8915414A patent/FR2654812A1/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-11-19 AU AU66738/90A patent/AU6673890A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-11-20 CS CS905732A patent/CS573290A3/en unknown
- 1990-11-21 EP EP90403278A patent/EP0429355A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-11-22 FI FI905778A patent/FI905778A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-11-22 JP JP31570590A patent/JPH03175286A/en active Pending
- 1990-11-22 PT PT9595790A patent/PT95957A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-11-22 HU HU724890A patent/HUT55527A/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1531407A (en) * | 1924-08-12 | 1925-03-31 | United Eng Foundry Co | Charging machine for annealing furnaces |
FR995298A (en) * | 1949-09-15 | 1951-11-29 | Commanditaire Vennootschap Aro | Method of loading and unloading a multi-chamber furnace for firing brick and iron laths, and devices for carrying out said method |
FR1429594A (en) * | 1965-03-10 | 1966-02-25 | Pohlig Heckel Bleichert | Movable floor with rails for mining sedans |
US3633885A (en) * | 1970-03-20 | 1972-01-11 | Btu Eng Corp | Movable hearth furnace |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0648993A1 (en) * | 1993-10-19 | 1995-04-19 | DANIELI & C. OFFICINE MECCANICHE S.p.A. | Heating and/or temperature-maintaining furnace for slabs |
FR2766742A1 (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-05 | Stein Heurtey | DEVICE FOR TRANSFERRING BETWEEN A FIRST PREHEATING ENCLOSURE AND A SECOND HEATING ENCLOSURE |
EP0896196A1 (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-10 | Stein Heurtey | Installation for treating steel products |
US6074204A (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 2000-06-13 | Stein Heurtey | Device for transferring products in plants for metallurgical treating of said products |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2654812A1 (en) | 1991-05-24 |
PT95957A (en) | 1992-11-30 |
HUT55527A (en) | 1991-05-28 |
CS573290A3 (en) | 1992-03-18 |
FI905778A (en) | 1991-05-24 |
AU6673890A (en) | 1991-05-30 |
JPH03175286A (en) | 1991-07-30 |
FI905778A0 (en) | 1990-11-22 |
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