EP0428727A1 - Vacuum induction furnace - Google Patents

Vacuum induction furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0428727A1
EP0428727A1 EP89909909A EP89909909A EP0428727A1 EP 0428727 A1 EP0428727 A1 EP 0428727A1 EP 89909909 A EP89909909 A EP 89909909A EP 89909909 A EP89909909 A EP 89909909A EP 0428727 A1 EP0428727 A1 EP 0428727A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crucible
sections
heating coil
inductor
metallic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP89909909A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0428727A4 (en
Inventor
Sergei Leonidovich Sheffer
Alexandr Pavlovich Gubchenko
Boris Fedorovich Teslikov
Leon Lazarevich Tir
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VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO
Original Assignee
VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO
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Application filed by VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO filed Critical VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO-ISSLEDOVATELSKY PROEKTNO-KONSTRUKTORSKY I TEKHNOLOGICHESKY INST ELEKTROTERMICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIA VNIIETO
Publication of EP0428727A1 publication Critical patent/EP0428727A1/en
Publication of EP0428727A4 publication Critical patent/EP0428727A4/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02Induction heating
    • H05B6/22Furnaces without an endless core
    • H05B6/24Crucible furnaces
    • H05B6/26Crucible furnaces using vacuum or particular gas atmosphere
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B14/061Induction furnaces
    • F27B14/063Skull melting type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02Induction heating
    • H05B6/36Coil arrangements
    • H05B6/367Coil arrangements for melting furnaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B2014/008Continuous casting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/0806Charging or discharging devices
    • F27B2014/0818Discharging
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0015Induction heating
    • F27D2099/0018Relative movement of the coil and the charge during the heat treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to furnaces for melting metals, in particular to a vacuum induction furnace.
  • a vacuum induction furnace for the successive melting of ingots is known (LL Tir, NIFomin "Modern Methods of Melting Metal in an Induction Furnace", 1975, Verlag Energia (Moscow), p.50-51), which has a vacuum chamber with a crucible located therein contains, which consists of vertically placed cooled metallic sections, which are arranged around a base without a gap and are separated from one another by means of dielectric intermediate layers.
  • the crucible is surrounded by a heating coil, which is provided with a device for its reciprocating movement relative to the crucible.
  • a vacuum induction furnace (SU, A, 369362) which contains a cooled crucible, a metallic base which is located in the lower part of the crucible, and a heating coil surrounding the crucible, which are arranged coaxially in a vacuum chamber.
  • the side surface of the crucible is formed by three groups of vertical metal sections which are separated from one another by means of dielectric intermediate layers.
  • the heating coil is provided with a device for its reciprocating movement relative to the crucible along guides which are arranged on the outside of each group of the crucible sections.
  • the crucible in the known vacuum induction furnace, which ensures the production of elongated blocks in accordance with the quality thanks to a tight assembly of the crucible sections in the working zone of the heating coil, the crucible must also be dismantled in order to pull out the cast block produced.
  • the heating coil is removed from the crucible, the crucible sections being separated from one another, which means that the labor-intensive assembly of the crucible by hand is necessary to carry out a subsequent melt.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a vacuum induction furnace in which the design of the crucible and the arrangement of the heating coil would allow the need to remove the heating coil from the crucible sections when removing the ingot from the crucible and to eliminate conditions for to create a safe and convenient assembly of the crucible with the heating coil to carry out the re-melting of the casting block.
  • a cooled crucible which contains coaxially arranged in a vacuum chamber: a cooled crucible, the side surface of which is formed by at least three groups of vertically arranged metallic sections, which are separated from one another by dielectric intermediate layers, a cooled metallic base is located in the lower part of the crucible, and a heating coil which surrounds the crucible and with a device for its reciprocating movement relative to the crucible along longitudinal guides is provided, which are arranged on the outside of each group of metallic crucible sections, according to the invention a recess is made on the outer surface of each metallic crucible section in the upper part thereof, the height of which exceeds the height of the heating coil, while the depth is selected depending on the properties of the melting material is, each group of the metallic crucible sections is equipped with a device for their reciprocation in the radial direction.
  • the present invention makes it possible to increase the furnace output by 20 to 30%, to carry out the process of zone remelting of elongate ingots and to obtain blocks by remelting ingots of smaller diameter to ingots of larger diameter.
  • the vacuum induction furnace contains a vacuum chamber 1 with an upper cover 2. Inside the chamber 1, a cooled crucible 3 and a heating coil 4 surrounding it are arranged coaxially. In the lower part of the crucible 3 there is a cooled base 5 for a casting block 6 to be melted with a device 7 for its vertical movement.
  • the crucible 3 is formed by three groups 8 (FIG. 2) of vertical metal sections 9 which are separated from one another by dielectric intermediate layers 10. On the outer surface of each section 9 is a recess II (Fig. 1), the height of which is the height the heating coil 4 exceeds, while its depth is selected depending on the properties of the remelt, for example on the fluidity of the melt of the ingot 6. On the outside of each group 8 (FIG.
  • the work of the vacuum induction furnace according to the invention is explained using the example of zone remelting of a casting block and consists of the following.
  • the casting block 6 to be remelted is placed on the base 5, the heating coil 4 being moved with the aid of the device 7 into the upper end position, in which it is at the level of the depressions II, which are carried out on the outer surface of the sections 9 (FIG. 2) of the crucible 3 (FIG. 1).
  • the groups 8 (FIG. 2) of the sections 9 are pushed apart with the aid of the brackets 14 (FIG. 1) and the movement screws 15 of the devices for their back and forth movement in the radial direction in such a way that the outer surface of the recess II is the inner surface of the Heating coil 4 touches.
  • the heating coil 4 is moved into the upper end position with the aid of the device 13 up to the recesses II and the groups 8 (FIG. 2) of the sections 9 are pushed with the aid of the bracket 14 (FIG 1) and the movement screws 15 apart.
  • the chamber 1 is made leaky, the cover 2 is removed and, by means of the device 7, the base 5 together with the casting block 6 is brought into a position which is convenient for pulling the latter out of the oven. After the casting block has been pulled out, the whole process is repeated again.
  • the process of pulling the finished casting block 6 out of the crucible 3 is significantly simplified in the vacuum induction furnace according to the invention, and the possibility of damage to the walls of the crucible 3 by the casting block 6 when it is introduced for remelting is excluded.
  • the present invention can be used to melt high-melting chemically active metals, for zone remelting of cast blocks, for the continuous successive melting of ingots and for the crystallization thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Abstract

A vacuum induction furnace comprises, coaxially mounted in a vacuum chamber (1), a crucible (3), a metal bottom plate (5) located in the lower part of the crucible (3), and an inductor (4) embracing the crucible (3). The crucible (3) consists of at least three groups (8) of vertically mounted metal sections (9) mutually separated by dielectric washers (10). The external surface of each metal section (9) is provided with a recess (11) whose height exceeds that of the inductor (4), whereas its depth is chosen depending on the characteristics of the metal to be cast, and each group (8) of sections (9) is provided with a mechanism for its reciprocating movement in the radial direction. To remove the finished ingot (6) from the crucible (3) the inductor (4) is moved to its extreme upper position at which it is located at the level of the recesses (11) provided on the external surfaces of the sections (9) of the crucible (3). For that purpose the inductor (4) is provided with a mechanism (13) for its reciprocating movement in relation to the crucible (3) along guides (12) mounted outside each group (8) of sections (9) of the crucible (3). After that, the groups (8) of sections (9) of the crucible (3) are driven apart by means of clamps (14) and motion screws (15) of their mechanisms for movement in the radial direction, thus significantly facilitating the process of removing the finished ingot (6) from the crucible (3).

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Öfen zum Schmelzen von Metallen, insbesondere auf einen Vakuuminduktionsofen.The invention relates to furnaces for melting metals, in particular to a vacuum induction furnace.

Zugrundeliegender Stand der TechnikUnderlying state of the art

Es ist ein Vakuuminduktionsofen zum aufeinanderfolgenden Aufschmelzen von Gussblöcken bekannt (L.L. Tir, N.I.Fomin "Moderne Methoden des Schmelzens von Metall im Induktionsofen", 1975, Verlag Energia (Moskau), S.50-51), der eine Vakuumkammer mit einem darin befindlichen Tiegel enthält, welcher aus vertikal aufgestellten gekühlten metallischen Sektionen besteht, die um einen Untersatz herum ohne Spalt angeordnet sind und mittels dielektrischer Zwischenlagen voneinander getrennt sind. Der Tiegel ist von einer Heizspule umgeben, die mit einer Vorrichtung zu ihrer hin- und hergehenden Bewegung relativ zum Tiegel versehen ist.A vacuum induction furnace for the successive melting of ingots is known (LL Tir, NIFomin "Modern Methods of Melting Metal in an Induction Furnace", 1975, Verlag Energia (Moscow), p.50-51), which has a vacuum chamber with a crucible located therein contains, which consists of vertically placed cooled metallic sections, which are arranged around a base without a gap and are separated from one another by means of dielectric intermediate layers. The crucible is surrounded by a heating coil, which is provided with a device for its reciprocating movement relative to the crucible.

Ein derartiger Ofen hat jedoch eine begrenzte Leistung, die dadurch bedingt ist, dass man nach dem Aufschmelzen eines jeden Gussblocks gezwungen ist, diesen Gussblock nach einem teilweisen Abbau von Tiegel und Heizspule herauszuziehen, weil das in die zwischen den Sektionen vorhandenen Spalte gelangte erstarrte Metall trotz der Schwindung des Gussblocks dessen freies Herausziehen aus dem Tiegel zum Teil behindert.However, such an oven has a limited output, which is due to the fact that after each casting block has been melted, one is forced to pull this casting block out after a partial dismantling of the crucible and the heating coil, because the solidified metal that has got into the gaps between the sections is despite this the shrinkage of the ingot partially hindered its free withdrawal from the crucible.

Bekannt ist ein Vakuuminduktionsofen (SU, A, 369362), der einen gekühlten Tiegel, einen metallischen Untersatz, der sich im unteren Teil des Tiegels befindet, und eine den Tiegel umgebende Heizspule enthält, welche in einer Vakuumkammer gleichachsig angeordnet sind. Die Seitenfläche des Tiegels ist von drei Gruppen vertikal aufgestellter metallischer Sektionen gebildet, die mittels dielektrischer Zwischenlagen voneinander getrennt sind. Die Heizspule ist mit einer Vorrichtung zu ihrer hin- und hergehenden Bewegung relativ zum Tiegel längs Führungen versehen, die auf der Aussenseite jeder Gruppe der Tiegelsektionen angeordnet sind.A vacuum induction furnace (SU, A, 369362) is known which contains a cooled crucible, a metallic base which is located in the lower part of the crucible, and a heating coil surrounding the crucible, which are arranged coaxially in a vacuum chamber. The side surface of the crucible is formed by three groups of vertical metal sections which are separated from one another by means of dielectric intermediate layers. The heating coil is provided with a device for its reciprocating movement relative to the crucible along guides which are arranged on the outside of each group of the crucible sections.

Aber im bekannten Vakuuminduktionsofen, der eine qualitätsgerechte Erzeugung länglicher Blöcke dank einem dichten Zusammenbau der Tiegelsektionen in der Arbeitszone der Heizspule gewährleistet, ist ebenfalls ein Abbau des Tiegels zum Herausziehen des hergestellten Gussblocks erforderlich. Dazu wird die Heizspule vom Tiegel abgenommen, wobei die Tiegelsektionen voneinander getrennt werden, wodurch zur Durchführung einer nächstfolgenden Schmelze der abermalige arbeitsintensive Zusammenbau des Tiegels von Hand notwendig ist.However, in the known vacuum induction furnace, which ensures the production of elongated blocks in accordance with the quality thanks to a tight assembly of the crucible sections in the working zone of the heating coil, the crucible must also be dismantled in order to pull out the cast block produced. For this purpose, the heating coil is removed from the crucible, the crucible sections being separated from one another, which means that the labor-intensive assembly of the crucible by hand is necessary to carry out a subsequent melt.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Vakuuminduktionsofen zu schaffen, bei dem die konstruktive Ausführung des Tiegels und die Anordnung der Heizspule es gestatten würden, die Notwendigkeit des Abnehmens der Heizspule von den Tiegelsektionen beim Herausziehen des Gussblocks aus dem Tiegel zu beseitigen und Bedingungen für einen ungefährlichen und bequemen Zusammenbau des Schmelztiegels mit der Heizspule zur Durchführung des abermaligen Aufschmelzens des Gussblocks zu schaffen.The present invention has for its object to provide a vacuum induction furnace in which the design of the crucible and the arrangement of the heating coil would allow the need to remove the heating coil from the crucible sections when removing the ingot from the crucible and to eliminate conditions for to create a safe and convenient assembly of the crucible with the heating coil to carry out the re-melting of the casting block.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass im Vakuuminduktionsofen, enthaltend gleichachsig in einer Vakuumkammer angeordnete: einen gekühlten Tiegel, dessen Seitenfläche von mindestens drei Gruppen vertikal aufgestellter metallischer Sektionen gebildet ist, die durch dielektrische Zwischenlagen voneinander getrennt sind, einen gekühlten metallischen Untersatz, der sich im unteren Teil des Tiegels befindet, und eine Heizspule, die den Tiegel umgibt und mit einer Vorrichtung zu ihrer hin- und hergehenden Bewegung relativ zum Tiegel längs Führungen versehen ist, die auf der Aussenseite jeder Gruppe der metallischen Tiegelsektionen angeordnet sind, erfindungsgemäss an der Aussenfläche jeder metallischen Tiegelsektion im oberen Teil derselben eine Vertiefung ausgeführt ist, deren Höhe die Höhe der Heizspule übersteigt, während die Tiefe in Abhängigkeit von den Eigenschaften des Schmelzgutes gewählt wird, wobei jede Gruppe der metallischen Tiegelsektionen mit einer Vorrichtung zu ihrer Hin- und Herbewegung in radialer Richtung ausgestattet ist.The object is achieved in that in the vacuum induction furnace, which contains coaxially arranged in a vacuum chamber: a cooled crucible, the side surface of which is formed by at least three groups of vertically arranged metallic sections, which are separated from one another by dielectric intermediate layers, a cooled metallic base is located in the lower part of the crucible, and a heating coil which surrounds the crucible and with a device for its reciprocating movement relative to the crucible along longitudinal guides is provided, which are arranged on the outside of each group of metallic crucible sections, according to the invention a recess is made on the outer surface of each metallic crucible section in the upper part thereof, the height of which exceeds the height of the heating coil, while the depth is selected depending on the properties of the melting material is, each group of the metallic crucible sections is equipped with a device for their reciprocation in the radial direction.

Die vorliegende Erfindung gestattet es, die Ofenleistung um 20 bis 3O% zu steigern, den Prozess des Zonenumschmelzens länglicher Gussblöcke durchzuführen und Blöcke durch Umschmelzen von Gussblöcken kleineren Durchmessers zu Gussblöcken grösseren Durchmessers zu erhalten.The present invention makes it possible to increase the furnace output by 20 to 30%, to carry out the process of zone remelting of elongate ingots and to obtain blocks by remelting ingots of smaller diameter to ingots of larger diameter.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Im folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung an einem konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel derselben und anhand von Zeichnungen erläutert, in denen es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 die Gesamtansicht des Vakuuminduktionsofens, im Längsschnitt, gemäss der Erfindung;
  • Fig. 2 metallische Sektionen des gekühlten Tiegels, im Querschnitt, gemäss der Erfindung.
The present invention is explained below using a specific exemplary embodiment of the same and with reference to drawings, in which it shows:
  • Figure 1 shows the overall view of the vacuum induction furnace, in longitudinal section, according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 metallic sections of the cooled crucible, in cross section, according to the invention.

Beste Ausführungsform der ErfindungBest embodiment of the invention

Der Vakuuminduktionsofen enthält eine Vakuumkammer 1 mit einem oberen Deckel 2. Innerhalb der Kammer 1 sind ein gekühlter Tiegel 3 und eine diesen umgebende Heizspule 4 gleichachsig angeordnet. Im unteren Teil des Tiegels 3 befindet sich ein gekühlter Untersatz 5 für einen aufzuschmelzenden Gussblock 6 mit einer Vorrichtung 7 zu seiner Senkrechtbewegung. Der Tiegel 3 ist von drei Gruppen 8 (Fig. 2) vertikal aufgestellter metallischer Sektionen 9 gebildet, die durch dielektrische Zwischenlagen 10 voneinander getrennt sind. An der Aussenfläche jeder Sektion 9 ist eine Vertiefung II (Fig. 1) ausgeführt, deren Höhe die Höhe der Heizspule 4 übersteigt, während ihre Tiefe in Abhängigkeit von den Eigenschaften des Umschmelzgutes, beispielsweise vom Fliessvermögen der Schmelze des Gussblocks 6, gewählt wird. Auf der Aussenseite jeder Gruppe 8 (Fig. 2) der Sektionen 9 sind über die gesamte Höhe des Tiegels 3 (Fig. 1) Führungen 12 angeordnet, längs welchen die Heizspule 4 bewegt wird, die mit einer Vorrichtung 13 versehen ist. Im unteren Teil jeder Gruppe 8 (Fig. 2) der Sektionen 9 ist eine Vorrichtung zu ihrer Hin- und Herbewegung in radialer Richtung montiert, die beispielsweise in Form eines Bügels 14, welcher an den Sektionen 9 (Fig. 2) befestigt ist, und einer Bewegungsschraube 15 (Fig. 1), die an der Seitenwand der Vakuumkammer 1 angebracht ist, ausgeführt ist, in welcher Vakuumkammer die Erzeugung einer Schutzatmosphäre von einer Einrichtung 16 besorgt wird.The vacuum induction furnace contains a vacuum chamber 1 with an upper cover 2. Inside the chamber 1, a cooled crucible 3 and a heating coil 4 surrounding it are arranged coaxially. In the lower part of the crucible 3 there is a cooled base 5 for a casting block 6 to be melted with a device 7 for its vertical movement. The crucible 3 is formed by three groups 8 (FIG. 2) of vertical metal sections 9 which are separated from one another by dielectric intermediate layers 10. On the outer surface of each section 9 is a recess II (Fig. 1), the height of which is the height the heating coil 4 exceeds, while its depth is selected depending on the properties of the remelt, for example on the fluidity of the melt of the ingot 6. On the outside of each group 8 (FIG. 2) of the sections 9, guides 12 are arranged over the entire height of the crucible 3 (FIG. 1), along which the heating coil 4, which is provided with a device 13, is moved. In the lower part of each group 8 (Fig. 2) of the sections 9, a device for their back and forth movement in the radial direction is mounted, for example in the form of a bracket 14 which is attached to the sections 9 (Fig. 2), and a motion screw 15 (FIG. 1), which is attached to the side wall of the vacuum chamber 1, in which vacuum chamber the generation of a protective atmosphere is provided by a device 16.

Die Arbeit des erfingungsgemässen Vakuuminduktionsofens wird am Beispiel des Zonenumschmelzens eines Gussblocks erläutert und besteht in folgendem.The work of the vacuum induction furnace according to the invention is explained using the example of zone remelting of a casting block and consists of the following.

Bei dem abgenommenen Deckel 2 (Fig. 1) stellt man auf den Untersatz 5 den umzuschmelzenden Gussblock 6 auf, wobei man die Heizspule 4 mit Hilfe der Vorrichtung 7 in die obere Endstellung bewegt, bei welcher sie sich auf dem Niveau der Vertiefungen II befindet, die an der Aussenfläche der Sektionen 9 (Fig. 2) des Tiegels 3 (Fig. 1) ausgeführt sind. Die Gruppen 8 (Fig. 2) der Sektionen 9 schiebt man mit Hilfe der Bügel 14 (Fig. 1) und der Bewegungsschrauben 15 der Vorrichtungen zu ihrer Hin- und Herbewegung in radialer Richtung derart auseinander, dass die Aussenfläche der Vertiefung II die Innenfläche der Heizspule 4 berührt. Nach der Aufstellung des Gussblocks 6 werden die Gruppen 8 (Fig. 2) der Sektionen 9 mit Hilfe der Bügel 14 (Fig. 1) und der Bewegungsschrauben 15 bis zur Berührung mit dem Gussblock 6 zusammengedrückt. Danach senkt man die Heizspule 4 mit Hilfe der Vorrichtung 13 nach unten ab und bringt sie in die erforderliche Arbeitsstellung je nach den Umschmelzbedingungen des Gussblocks 6. Nach der Prüfung der Richtigkeit des Zusammenbaus der Sektionen 9 (Fig. 2) des Tiegels 3 (Fig. 1) und der Einstellung der Heizspule 4 wird die Kammer 1 mit dem Deckel 2 verschlossen, und man erzeugt in ihr die erforderliche Schutzatmosphäre (Vakuum, Inertgas). Hiernach wird die Heizspule 4 unter Spannung gesetzt und mit dem fortschreitenden Aufschmelzen des Gussblocks 6 mit einer vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeit bewegt, wobei die Heizspule 4 die Gruppen 8 (Fig. 2) der Sektionen 9 in der Schmelzzone des Gussblocks 6 (Fig. 1) dicht zusammendrückt und die erforderlichen Grössen der Spalte zwischen den Sektionen 9 (Fig. 2) in der Zone gewährleistet, wo sich die Metallschmelze befindet. Nach beendetem Umschmelzen des Gussblocks 6 (Fig. 1) bewegt man die Heizspule 4 mit Hilfe der Vorrichtung 13 in die obere Endstellung bis zu den Vertiefungen II und schiebt die Gruppen 8 (Fig. 2) der Sektionen 9 mit Hilfe der Bügel 14 (Fig. 1) und der Bewegungsschrauben 15 auseinander. Dann macht man die Kammer 1 undicht, nimmt den Deckel 2 ab und bringt mittels der Vorrichtung 7 den Untersatz 5 zusammen mit dem Gussblock 6 in eine Stellung, die zum Herausziehen des letzteren aus dem Ofen bequem ist. Nach dem Herausziehen des Gussblocks wiederholt sich der ganze Prozess von neuem.With the cover 2 removed (FIG. 1), the casting block 6 to be remelted is placed on the base 5, the heating coil 4 being moved with the aid of the device 7 into the upper end position, in which it is at the level of the depressions II, which are carried out on the outer surface of the sections 9 (FIG. 2) of the crucible 3 (FIG. 1). The groups 8 (FIG. 2) of the sections 9 are pushed apart with the aid of the brackets 14 (FIG. 1) and the movement screws 15 of the devices for their back and forth movement in the radial direction in such a way that the outer surface of the recess II is the inner surface of the Heating coil 4 touches. After the casting block 6 has been set up, the groups 8 (FIG. 2) of the sections 9 are pressed together using the brackets 14 (FIG. 1) and the movement screws 15 until they come into contact with the casting block 6. Then you lower the heating coil 4 using the device 13 downwards and brings them into the required working position depending on the remelting conditions of the casting block 6. After checking the correctness of the assembly of the sections 9 (FIG. 2) of the crucible 3 (FIG. 1) and the setting of the heating coil 4, the Chamber 1 is closed with the lid 2, and the required protective atmosphere (vacuum, inert gas) is generated in it. Thereafter, the heating coil 4 is energized and moved with the progressive melting of the casting block 6 at a predetermined speed, the heating coil 4 compressing the groups 8 (FIG. 2) of the sections 9 in the melting zone of the casting block 6 (FIG. 1) and ensures the required sizes of the gaps between the sections 9 (Fig. 2) in the zone where the molten metal is located. After the melting of the casting block 6 (FIG. 1), the heating coil 4 is moved into the upper end position with the aid of the device 13 up to the recesses II and the groups 8 (FIG. 2) of the sections 9 are pushed with the aid of the bracket 14 (FIG 1) and the movement screws 15 apart. Then the chamber 1 is made leaky, the cover 2 is removed and, by means of the device 7, the base 5 together with the casting block 6 is brought into a position which is convenient for pulling the latter out of the oven. After the casting block has been pulled out, the whole process is repeated again.

Somit ist bei dem erfindungsgemässen Vakuuminduktionsofen der Vorgang des Herausziehens des fertigen Gussblocks 6 aus dem Tiegel 3 bedeutend vereinfacht, und die Möglichkeit einer Beschädigung der Wände des Tiegels 3 durch den Gussblock 6 bei dessen Einbringen zum Umschmelzen ist ausgeschlossen.Thus, the process of pulling the finished casting block 6 out of the crucible 3 is significantly simplified in the vacuum induction furnace according to the invention, and the possibility of damage to the walls of the crucible 3 by the casting block 6 when it is introduced for remelting is excluded.

Gewerbliche VerwertbarkeitCommercial usability

Die vorliegende Erfindung kann zum Schmelzen von hochschmelzenden chemisch aktiven Metallen, zum Zonenumschmelzen gegossener Blöcke, zum kontinuierlichaufeinanderfolgenden Aufschmelzen von Gussblöcken und zur Kristallisation derselben angewendet werden.The present invention can be used to melt high-melting chemically active metals, for zone remelting of cast blocks, for the continuous successive melting of ingots and for the crystallization thereof.

Claims (1)

Vakuuminduktionsofen, enthaltend gleichachsig in einer Vakuumkammer (1) angeordnete: einen gekühlten Tiegel (3), dessen Seitenfläche von mindestens drei Gruppen (8) vertikal aufgestellter metallischer Sektionen (9) gebildet ist, die durch dielektrische Zwischenlagen (10) voneinander getrennt sind, einen gekühlten metallischen Untersatz (5), der sich im unteren Teil des Tiegels (3) befindet, und eine Heizspule (4), die den Tiegel (3) umgibt und mit einer Vorrichtung (13) zu ihrer hin- und hergehenden Bewegung relativ zum Tiegel (3) längs Führungen (12) versehen ist, welche auf der Aussenseite jeder Gruppe (8) der metallischen Tiegelsektionen (9) angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Aussenfläche jeder metallischen Sektion (9) des Tiegels (3) im oberen Teil derselben eine Vertiefung (II) ausgeführt ist, deren Höhe die Höhe der Heizspule (4) übersteigt, während ihre Tiefe in Abhängigkeit von den Eigenschaften des Schmelzgutes gewählt wird, wobei jede Gruppe 8 der metallischen Sektionen (9) mit einer Vorrichtung zu ihrer Hin- und Herbewegung in radialer Richtung ausgestattet ist.Vacuum induction furnace, comprising coaxially arranged in a vacuum chamber (1): a cooled crucible (3), the side surface of which is formed by at least three groups (8) of vertically arranged metallic sections (9) which are separated from one another by dielectric intermediate layers (10) cooled metallic base (5), which is located in the lower part of the crucible (3), and a heating coil (4) which surrounds the crucible (3) and with a device (13) for its reciprocating movement relative to the crucible (3) is provided along guides (12) which are arranged on the outside of each group (8) of the metallic crucible sections (9), characterized in that on the outer surface of each metallic section (9) of the crucible (3) in the upper part the same a recess (II) is executed, the height of which exceeds the height of the heating coil (4), while its depth is selected depending on the properties of the melting material, each group 8 the metallic sections (9) is equipped with a device for their back and forth movement in the radial direction.
EP19890909909 1989-04-28 1989-04-28 Vacuum induction furnace Withdrawn EP0428727A4 (en)

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FR2711034A1 (en) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-14 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Levitation and melting apparatus and method of operation

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DE2717459C2 (en) * 1977-04-20 1982-07-29 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Process for the manufacture of a cold crucible
DE3316546C1 (en) * 1983-05-06 1984-04-26 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Cold crucible for melting and crystallizing non-metallic inorganic compounds
FR2548856A1 (en) * 1983-07-08 1985-01-11 Saphymo Stel Device for fusion by direct induction in a segmented cold cage

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Keine Entgegenhaltungen. *
See also references of WO9013781A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2711034A1 (en) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-14 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Levitation and melting apparatus and method of operation
US5528620A (en) * 1993-10-06 1996-06-18 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Levitating and melting apparatus and method of operating the same

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JPH04501166A (en) 1992-02-27
EP0428727A4 (en) 1991-10-23
WO1990013781A1 (en) 1990-11-15

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