EP0425471B1 - Cold work tool steel with high compression strength and use of these steels - Google Patents

Cold work tool steel with high compression strength and use of these steels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0425471B1
EP0425471B1 EP90890280A EP90890280A EP0425471B1 EP 0425471 B1 EP0425471 B1 EP 0425471B1 EP 90890280 A EP90890280 A EP 90890280A EP 90890280 A EP90890280 A EP 90890280A EP 0425471 B1 EP0425471 B1 EP 0425471B1
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Prior art keywords
cold work
work steel
steel according
steel
weight
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0425471A1 (en
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Karl Dipl.-Ing. Leban
Herbert Schweiger
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Voestalpine Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
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Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cold work steel according to the preamble of claim 1 and the use of this steel for components and tools.
  • Cold work tool steels are used to machine materials at temperatures below 250 ° C, especially at room temperatures. Such processing can be carried out by cutting or non-cutting, the components or tools being subjected to various stresses at the same time.
  • the dominant stress (s) or desired property (s) of the part such as compressive strength, hardness, toughness, wear resistance, edge retention, possibly erodibility and the like is usually taken into account by a corresponding choice of the composition of the cold work steel.
  • Cr steels with contents of 1.5 to 2.5% C and 10 ⁇ to 17% Cr such as steels according to DIN material no. 1.2379 or AISI type D 7 . Because of their high and coarse carbide content, which is usually arranged in rows, such steels have high wear resistance, but low toughness, so that it is difficult to bend Shear stresses can break or break out the part.
  • EP-A1 0 ⁇ 275475 discloses a wear-resistant cold work steel with a very high impact strength, which is produced by a powder metallurgical process and which has a composition of essentially 1.0 vom to 2.5% by weight of C, 6.5 to 11.0 ⁇ % by weight. % Cr and 3.0 ⁇ to 7.0 ⁇ wt .-% V, balance iron.
  • alloy with approximately 5% or approximately 8% Cr and a carbon content of approximately 1.0% or approximately 0.5% with additions of Mo, W and V, for example Steels according to DIN material no. 1.2363 or material no. 1.2362 as well as material no. 1.2345 or AISI type A2.
  • a die steel with improved impact strength contains according to SU 1.0 ⁇ 73.321 (Chemical Abstracts 10 ⁇ 0 Ges: 178630 ⁇ j) in% by weight Nb 0 ⁇ , 0 ⁇ 5 to 0 ⁇ , 1, Al 0 ⁇ , 0 ⁇ 3 to 0 ⁇ , 0 ⁇ 8 and Ca 0 ⁇ , 0 ⁇ 0 ⁇ 3 to 0 ⁇ , 0 ⁇ 0 ⁇ 5 in a steel base with essentially C 0 ⁇ , 75 to 0 ⁇ , 85, Cr 4.2 to 4.7, Mo 0 ⁇ , 7 to 1.0 ⁇ , W 1.7 to 2 and V 0 ⁇ , 8 to 1.
  • CH-A5 585 799 a super high-speed steel based on Mo with great chip removal with essentially in weight% 1.0 ⁇ 5 to 1.50 ⁇ C, 4.0 ⁇ to 5.0 ⁇ Cr, 5.0 ⁇ to 6.0 ⁇ W known, which in addition to iron also has 6.0 ⁇ 5 to 6.95 Mo, 2.16 to 4.5 V, 0 ⁇ , 1 to 4.0 ⁇ Nb and 0 ⁇ , 11 to 0 ⁇ , 25 N.
  • the alloy variants those with Cr contents of 10 ⁇ to 17% and those with 5 to 8% Cr, also have the disadvantage that they are usually not sufficiently resistant to tempering, and that with additional surface hardening by nitriding and / or carbonitriding or one Surface coating by means of CVD or PVD processes at temperatures between 350 ⁇ and 60 ⁇ 0 ⁇ ° C the hardness of the base material achieved by previous tempering is reduced.
  • the invention has for its object to use the effect of alloying elements in a certain concentration range synergistically and to create a cold work steel with high compressive strength, which has high hardness, toughness, wear resistance and erodability, with good cutting and punching tools formed from this steel Grindability and edge retention are present and, if applicable, when using methods for surface hardening and / or surface coating, which are to be carried out at elevated temperature, there is no decisive disadvantageous influence on the mechanical properties of the base material achieved by prior hardening.
  • the concentrations of the carbon content and the nitrogen content and the elements which preferably form carbides and / or nitrides are matched to one another in accordance with the carbon and nitrogen affinity and tendency to form carbide and / or nitride.
  • Excessively high carbon contents of over 1.5% result in proportionately large, even coarse carbide grains and thus poor toughness properties of the material, with contents below 0 ⁇ .6% the required mechanical properties, in particular the hardness, are not achieved.
  • Chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium are alloyed for the formation of carbide, whereby according to the invention the respective concentration of these elements takes into account the interaction or the mutual influence 50 ⁇ 0 ⁇ ° C are excreted sub-microscopically, cause high hardness or a quasi increase in secondary hardness and cause a high degree of temper resistance of the steel.
  • Aluminum and silicon, which elements make up the ⁇ region severely pinching off the alloy are necessary for several reasons. Surprisingly, the tempering behavior of the steel and its tempering resistance are significantly improved by these ferrite-forming elements in the concentration ranges claimed.
  • nitride formation takes place with a corresponding nitrogen content of the alloy, which nitrides hinder grain growth during hardening or during austenitizing at high temperatures.
  • Aluminum and silicon are advantageously effective for surface hardening by nitriding or carbonitriding and / or surface coating by means of a CVD or PVD or the like method.
  • Niobium is a very strongly carbide-forming element, and even finely separated niobium carbides are difficult to dissolve during hardening, even at high austenitizing temperatures.
  • high niobium contents at carbon concentrations of cold work steels lead to coarse niobium carbide grains, so that niobium is only added up to a maximum concentration of 0.5%.
  • the steels according to DIN material no. 1.2363 and material no. 1.2379 have a permissible specific pressure load of 2785 N / mm or 30 ⁇ 26 N / mm2 as well as a tempering hardness at 550 ° C of 56 HRC or 60 ° HRC .
  • the cold work steel according to the invention has at least a permissible specific compressive strength of 30-22 N / mm2, a tempering hardness of 63.5 HRC and compared to material no. 1.2379 a toughness improved by 28%.
  • the punch and die of steel A had a hardness of 63 HRC, and 64,629 punchings could be carried out. Despite an only slightly lower hardness of 62 HRC of steel D, only 20,751 punchings could be carried out, which corresponds to an additional output of the tool according to the invention by approx. 30%.
  • a steel B with the composition in% by weight was used for extrusion dies for pressing aluminum video heads.
  • the surface of the tool made of steel B was enriched with nitrogen in a bath nitriding process at approx. 570 ° C, after which the hardness of the base material was 63.5 HRC. 40 horr7,320 ⁇ pressings were carried out with this tool without excessive wear, whereas the steel D tool had to be eliminated after 239,865 pressings.

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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kaltarbeitsstahl nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruch 1 und die Verwendung dieses Stahles für Bauteile und Werkzeuge.The invention relates to a cold work steel according to the preamble of claim 1 and the use of this steel for components and tools.

Kaltarbeitsstähle werden für die Bearbeitung von Werkstoffen bei Temperaturen unter 250̸°C, insbesondere bei Raumtemperaturen, eingesetzt. Eine derartige Bearbeitung kann spanabhebend oder spanlos erfolgen, wobei die Bauteile oder Werkzeuge gleichzeitig verschiedenen Beanspruchungen unterworfen sind. Der bzw. den dominierenden Beanspruchung(en) bzw.gewünschten Eigenschaft(en) des Teiles wie Druckfestigkeit, Härte, Zähigkeit Verschleißfestigkeit, Schneidhaltigkeit, gegebenenfalls Erodierbarkeit und dgl., wird zumeist durch eine entsprechende Wahl der Zusammensetzung des Kaltarbeitsstahles Rechnung getragen.Cold work tool steels are used to machine materials at temperatures below 250 ° C, especially at room temperatures. Such processing can be carried out by cutting or non-cutting, the components or tools being subjected to various stresses at the same time. The dominant stress (s) or desired property (s) of the part such as compressive strength, hardness, toughness, wear resistance, edge retention, possibly erodibility and the like is usually taken into account by a corresponding choice of the composition of the cold work steel.

Zur Erfüllung der Erfordernisse nach z.B. hoher Verschleißfestigkeit ist bekannt, Cr-Stähle mit Gehalten von 1,5 bis 2,5 % C und 10̸ bis 17% Cr, wie z.B. Stähle entsprechend DIN Werkstoff Nr. 1.2379 oder AISI- Typ D 7, einzusetzen.
Derartige Stähle weisen auf Grund ihres hohen und groben, zumeist zeilig angeordneten Karbidanteiles zwar hohe Verschleißfestigkeit, jedoch geringe Zähigkeit auf, so daß es bei Biege-oder Scherbeanspruchungen zu Brüchen oder Ausbrüchen des Teiles kommen kann.To meet the requirements for high wear resistance, for example, it is known to use Cr steels with contents of 1.5 to 2.5% C and 10̸ to 17% Cr, such as steels according to DIN material no. 1.2379 or AISI type D 7 .
Because of their high and coarse carbide content, which is usually arranged in rows, such steels have high wear resistance, but low toughness, so that it is difficult to bend Shear stresses can break or break out the part.

Aus EP-A1 0̸275475 ist ein nach einem pulvermetallurgischen Verfahren hergestellter, verschleißfester Kaltarbeitsstahl mit sehr hoher Schlagfestigkeit bekannt, welcher eine Zusammensetzung vom im wesentlichen 1,0̸ bis 2,5 Gew.-% C, 6,5 bis 11,0̸ Gew.-% Cr und 3,0̸ bis 7,0̸ Gew.-% V, Rest Eisen aufweist.
Um Kaltarbeitswerkzeuge mit guter Zähigkeit herzustellen, ist bekannt, Legierungen mit ca. 5% oder ca. 8 % Cr und einem Kohlenstoffgehalt von ca. 1,0̸ % oder ca. 0̸,5 % mit Zusätzen von Mo, W und V, wie beispielsweise Stähle gemäß DIN Werkstoff Nr. 1.2363 oder Werkstoff Nr. 1.2362 sowie Werkstoff Nr 1.2345 oder AISI Typ A2, einzusetzen. Diese Stähle können bei günstiger Gefügeausbildung bzw. Karbidstruktur gute Zähigkeitseigenschaften und ausreichendes Erodier- sowie Schleifverhalten aufweisen, ihr Verschleißwiderstand und die Druckfestigkeit sind jedoch für einige Anwendungsgebiete nicht befriedigend. Ein Gesenkstahl mit verbesserter Schlagzähigkeit enthält gemäß SU 1.0̸73.321 ( Chemical Abstracts 10̸0̸:178630̸j) in Gew.-% Nb 0̸,0̸5 bis 0̸,1, Al 0̸,0̸3 bis 0̸,0̸8 und Ca 0̸,0̸0̸3 bis 0̸,0̸0̸5 in einer Stahlbasis mit im wesentlichen C 0̸,75 bis 0̸,85, Cr 4,2 bis 4,7, Mo 0̸,7 bis 1,0̸, W 1,7 bis 2 und V 0̸,8 bis 1. Weiters ist aus CH-A5 585 799 ein Superschnellstahl auf Mo-Basis mit großer Spanleistung mit im wesentlichen in Gew.-% 1,0̸5 bis 1,50̸ C, 4,0̸ bis 5,0̸ Cr, 5,0̸ bis 6,0̸ W bekannt , welcher neben Eisen außerdem 6,0̸5 bis 6,95 Mo, 2,16 bis 4,5 V, 0̸,1 bis 4,0̸ Nb und 0̸,11 bis 0̸,25 N aufweist. Den Legierungsvarianten, jenen mit Cr-Gehalten von 10̸ bis 17 % und jenen mit 5 bis 8 % Cr, haftet weiters der Nachteil an, daß sie zumeist nicht ausreichend anlaßbeständig sind, und daß bei einer zusätzlichen Oberflächenhärtung durch Nitrieren und/oder Karbonitrieren oder einer Oberflächenbeschichtung mittels CVD-oder PVD-Verfahrens bei Temperaturen zwischen 350̸ und 60̸0̸°C die durch vorherige Vergütung erreichte Härte des Grundmateriales verringert wird.EP-A1 0̸275475 discloses a wear-resistant cold work steel with a very high impact strength, which is produced by a powder metallurgical process and which has a composition of essentially 1.0 vom to 2.5% by weight of C, 6.5 to 11.0̸% by weight. % Cr and 3.0̸ to 7.0̸ wt .-% V, balance iron.
In order to produce cold work tools with good toughness, it is known to alloy with approximately 5% or approximately 8% Cr and a carbon content of approximately 1.0% or approximately 0.5% with additions of Mo, W and V, for example Steels according to DIN material no. 1.2363 or material no. 1.2362 as well as material no. 1.2345 or AISI type A2. With a favorable microstructure or carbide structure, these steels can have good toughness properties and sufficient erosion and grinding behavior, but their wear resistance and compressive strength are not satisfactory for some areas of application. A die steel with improved impact strength contains according to SU 1.0̸73.321 (Chemical Abstracts 10̸0 Ges: 178630̸j) in% by weight Nb 0̸, 0̸5 to 0̸, 1, Al 0̸, 0̸3 to 0̸, 0̸8 and Ca 0̸, 0̸0̸3 to 0̸, 0̸0̸5 in a steel base with essentially C 0̸, 75 to 0̸, 85, Cr 4.2 to 4.7, Mo 0̸, 7 to 1.0̸, W 1.7 to 2 and V 0̸, 8 to 1. Furthermore, is from CH-A5 585 799 a super high-speed steel based on Mo with great chip removal with essentially in weight% 1.0̸5 to 1.50̸ C, 4.0̸ to 5.0̸ Cr, 5.0̸ to 6.0̸ W known, which in addition to iron also has 6.0̸5 to 6.95 Mo, 2.16 to 4.5 V, 0̸, 1 to 4.0̸ Nb and 0̸, 11 to 0̸, 25 N. The alloy variants, those with Cr contents of 10̸ to 17% and those with 5 to 8% Cr, also have the disadvantage that they are usually not sufficiently resistant to tempering, and that with additional surface hardening by nitriding and / or carbonitriding or one Surface coating by means of CVD or PVD processes at temperatures between 350̸ and 60̸0̸ ° C the hardness of the base material achieved by previous tempering is reduced.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Wirkung von Legierungselementen in einem bestimmten Konzentrationsbereich synergetisch zu nutzen und einen Kaltarbeitsstahl mit hoher Druckfestigkeit zu schaffen, der hohe Härte, Zähigkeit, Verschleißfestigkeit und Erodierbarkeit aufweist, wobei bei aus diesem Stahl gebildeten Schnitt- und Stanzwerkzeugen eine gute Schleifbarkeit und Schneidhaltigkeit vorliegen und gegebenenfalls bei Anwendung von Verfahren zur Oberflächenhärtung und/oder Oberflächenbeschichtung, die bei erhöhter Temperatur durchzuführen sind, kein entscheidend nachteiliger Einfluß auf die durch vorherige Vergütung erreichten mechanischen Eigenschaften des Grundmaterials gegeben ist.The invention has for its object to use the effect of alloying elements in a certain concentration range synergistically and to create a cold work steel with high compressive strength, which has high hardness, toughness, wear resistance and erodability, with good cutting and punching tools formed from this steel Grindability and edge retention are present and, if applicable, when using methods for surface hardening and / or surface coating, which are to be carried out at elevated temperature, there is no decisive disadvantageous influence on the mechanical properties of the base material achieved by prior hardening.

Diese Aufgabe wird gattungsgemäß durch die Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, gelöst.This object is generally achieved by the invention as characterized in the claims.

Beim erfindungsgemäßen Kaltarbeitsstahl ist es wichtig, daß der Kohlenstoffgehalt sowie der Stickstoffgehalt und die bevorzugt Karbide-und/oder Nitride bildenden Elemente entsprechend der Kohlenstoff- und Stickstoffaffinität und Neigung zur Karbid- und/oder Nitridbildung in ihren Konzentrationen aufeinander abgestimmt sind.
Zu hohe Gehalte an Kohlenstoff von über 1,5 % bewirken anteilsmäßig große, auch grobe Karbidkörner und damit schlechte Zähigkeitseigenschaften des Werkstoffes, bei Gehalten unter 0̸,6 % werden die geforderten mechanischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere die Härte, nicht erreicht. Chrom, Molybdän, Wolfram und Vanadin sind zur Karbidbildung zulegiert, wobei erfindungsgemäß die jeweilige Konzentration dieser Elemente der Wechselwirkung bzw. der gegenseitigen Beeinflussung Rechnung trägt.Dabei ist wichtig,daß bei der Wärmebehandlung diejenigen Karbide in Lösung gehen, die beim Anlassen bei Temperaturen von über 50̸0̸°C submikroskopisch ausgeschieden werden, hohe Härte bzw. einen quasi Sekundärhärteanstieg bewirken und eine weitgehende Anlaßbeständigkeit des Stahles verursachen. Aluminium und Silizium , welche Elemente das γ-Gebiet der Legierung stark abschnüren, sind aus mehreren Gründen erforderlich. Überraschenderweise wird von diesen ferritbildenden Elementen in den beanspruchten Konzentrationsbereichen das Vergütungsverhalten des Stahles und dessen Anlaßbeständigkeit wesentlich verbessert. Weiters erfolgt eine Nitridbildung bei entsprechendem Stickstoffgehalt der Legierung, welche Nitride ein Kornwachstum bei der Härtung bzw. beim Austenitisieren bei hohen Temperaturen behindern. Für eine Oberflächenhärtung durch Nitrieren oder Karbonitrieren und/oder eine Oberflächenbeschichtung durch ein CVD-oder PVD-oder dergleichen-Verfahren sind Aluminium und Silizium vorteilhaft wirksam. Niob ist ein sehr stark karbidbildendes Element, wobei auch fein ausgeschiedene Niobkarbide bei der Härtung, auch bei hohen Austenitisierungstemperaturen, nur schwer aufgelöst werden.
Hohe Niobgehalte bei Kohlenstoffkonzentrationen von Kaltarbeitsstählen führen jedoch zu groben Niobkarbidkörnern, so daß Niob nur bis zu einer maximalen Konzentration von 0̸,5% zulegiert wird.In the cold work steel according to the invention it is important that the concentrations of the carbon content and the nitrogen content and the elements which preferably form carbides and / or nitrides are matched to one another in accordance with the carbon and nitrogen affinity and tendency to form carbide and / or nitride.
Excessively high carbon contents of over 1.5% result in proportionately large, even coarse carbide grains and thus poor toughness properties of the material, with contents below 0̸.6% the required mechanical properties, in particular the hardness, are not achieved. Chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium are alloyed for the formation of carbide, whereby according to the invention the respective concentration of these elements takes into account the interaction or the mutual influence 50̸0̸ ° C are excreted sub-microscopically, cause high hardness or a quasi increase in secondary hardness and cause a high degree of temper resistance of the steel. Aluminum and silicon, which elements make up the γ region severely pinching off the alloy are necessary for several reasons. Surprisingly, the tempering behavior of the steel and its tempering resistance are significantly improved by these ferrite-forming elements in the concentration ranges claimed. Furthermore, nitride formation takes place with a corresponding nitrogen content of the alloy, which nitrides hinder grain growth during hardening or during austenitizing at high temperatures. Aluminum and silicon are advantageously effective for surface hardening by nitriding or carbonitriding and / or surface coating by means of a CVD or PVD or the like method. Niobium is a very strongly carbide-forming element, and even finely separated niobium carbides are difficult to dissolve during hardening, even at high austenitizing temperatures.
However, high niobium contents at carbon concentrations of cold work steels lead to coarse niobium carbide grains, so that niobium is only added up to a maximum concentration of 0.5%.

Bei vergleichenden Untersuchungen wurde gefunden, daß die Stähle gemäß DIN Werkstoff Nr. 1.2363 und Werkstoff Nr. 1.2379 eine zulässige spezifische Druckbelastung von 2785 N/mm bzw. 30̸26 N/mm² sowie eine Anlaßhärte bei 550̸°C von 56 HRC bzw. 60̸ HRC aufweisen. Der erfindungsgemäße Kaltarbeitsstahl hat mindestens eine zulässige spezifische Druckbelastbarkeit von 30̸22 N/mm², eine Anlaßhärte von 63,5 HRC und gegenüber Werkstoff Nr. 1.2379 eine um 28 % verbesserte Zähigkeit.In comparative investigations it was found that the steels according to DIN material no. 1.2363 and material no. 1.2379 have a permissible specific pressure load of 2785 N / mm or 30̸26 N / mm² as well as a tempering hardness at 550 ° C of 56 HRC or 60 ° HRC . The cold work steel according to the invention has at least a permissible specific compressive strength of 30-22 N / mm², a tempering hardness of 63.5 HRC and compared to material no. 1.2379 a toughness improved by 28%.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments.

Beispiel 1:Example 1:

Aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Stahl A mit einer Zusammensetzung von in Gew.-%
C = 0̸,89
Si = 0̸,98,
Mn = 0̸,43
Cr = 8,96
Mo = 1,82
V = 0̸,38
Al = 1,33
Nb = 0̸,0̸4
N = 0̸,0̸28
und einer Legierung D gemäß Werkstoff Nr. 1.2379 mit
C = 1,53
Si = 0̸,32
Mn = 0̸,31
Cr = 11,15
Mo = 0̸,64
V = 0̸,92
wurden gleichartige Stanzwerkzeuge für die Herstellung von Ventilscheiben aus 17% Cr-Stahl mit einer Festigkeit von 624 N/mm² und einer Dicke von 1 mm hergestellt. Der Stempel und die Matrize des Stahles A wiesen eine Härte von 63 HRC auf, es konnten 64.629 Stanzungen durchgeführt werden. Trotz einer nur geringfügig niedrigeren Härte von 62 HRC des Stahles D waren nur 20̸.751 Stanzungen durchführbar, was einer Mehrleistung des erf indungsgemäßen Werkzeuges um ca. 30̸0̸ % entspricht.From a steel A according to the invention with a composition of in% by weight
C = 0̸, 89
Si = 0̸, 98,
Mn = 0̸, 43
Cr = 8.96
Mo = 1.82
V = 0̸, 38
Al = 1.33
Nb = 0̸, 0̸4
N = 0̸, 0̸28
and an alloy D according to material no. 1.2379 with
C = 1.53
Si = 0̸, 32
Mn = 0̸, 31
Cr = 11.15
Mo = 0̸, 64
V = 0̸, 92
Similar stamping tools for the production of valve disks from 17% Cr steel with a strength of 624 N / mm² and a thickness of 1 mm were produced. The punch and die of steel A had a hardness of 63 HRC, and 64,629 punchings could be carried out. Despite an only slightly lower hardness of 62 HRC of steel D, only 20,751 punchings could be carried out, which corresponds to an additional output of the tool according to the invention by approx. 30%.

Beispiel 2:Example 2:

Für Fließpreßwerkzeuge zum Pressen von Videoköpfen aus Aluminium wurde ein Stahl B mit der Zusammensetzung von in Gew.-%
C = 1,0̸9
Si = 0̸,94
Mn = 0̸,36
Cr = 8,24
Mo = 2,14
W = 0̸,23
V = 0̸,54
Al = 1,0̸6
Nb = 0̸,0̸8
N = 0̸,0̸43
und eine Legierung D, wie im vorgehenden Beispiel angeführt, verwendet. Die Oberfläche des Werkzeuges aus STahl B wurde in einem Badnitrierverfahren bei ca. 570̸°C mit Stickstoff angereichert, wonach die Härte des Grundmaterials 63,5 HRC betrug. Mit diesem Werkzeug wurden 40̸7.320̸ Pressungen durchgeführt, ohne daß ein übermäßiger Verschleiß auftrat, wogegen das Werkzeug aus Stahl D nach 239.865 Pressungen auszuscheiden war.A steel B with the composition in% by weight was used for extrusion dies for pressing aluminum video heads.
C = 1.0̸9
Si = 0̸, 94
Mn = 0̸, 36
Cr = 8.24
Mo = 2.14
W = 0̸, 23
V = 0̸, 54
Al = 1.0̸6
Nb = 0̸, 0̸8
N = 0̸, 0̸43
and an alloy D as used in the previous example. The surface of the tool made of steel B was enriched with nitrogen in a bath nitriding process at approx. 570 ° C, after which the hardness of the base material was 63.5 HRC. 40 Werkzeug7,320̸ pressings were carried out with this tool without excessive wear, whereas the steel D tool had to be eliminated after 239,865 pressings.

Beispiel 3:Example 3:

Kaltprägewerkzeuge für ein Pilgern von nahtlosen Rohren aus Cr-Ni-Stahl wurden aus Stahl D , aus Stahl C mit einer Zusammensetzung von in Gew.-%
C = 1,22
Si = 0̸,81
Mn = 0̸,38
Cr = 7,63
Mo = 2,57
V = 1,0̸8
Al = 0̸,47
Nb = 0̸,15
N = 0̸,0̸21
und aus einem Stahl G mit einer Zusammensetzung von in Gew.-%
C = 0̸,96
Si = 0̸,34
Mn = 0̸,56
Cr = 5,0̸6
Mo = 0̸,93
V = 0̸,18
(Werkstoff Nr. 1.2363) erstellt.
Mit dem Stahl D konnten 6.120̸, mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Stahl C 12.764 und mit dem Stahl G 5.0̸87 Meter Fertigrohr erzeugt bzw. gepilgert werden.Cold stamping tools for a pilgrimage of seamless tubes made of Cr-Ni steel were made of steel D, steel C with a composition of in% by weight
C = 1.22
Si = 0̸, 81
Mn = 0̸, 38
Cr = 7.63
Mo = 2.57
V = 1.0̸8
Al = 0̸, 47
Nb = 0̸, 15
N = 0̸, 0̸21
and from a steel G with a composition of in% by weight
C = 0̸, 96
Si = 0̸, 34
Mn = 0̸, 56
Cr = 5.0̸6
Mo = 0̸, 93
V = 0̸, 18
(Material no.1.2363).
With the steel D 6,120̸, with the steel C according to the invention 12,764 and with the steel G 5.0̸87 meters of finished pipe could be produced or be pilgrimaged.

Claims (8)

  1. A cold work steel with high compression strength and the following composition in % by weight
       C 0.6 to 1.5
       Si 0.2 to 1.6
       Mn 0.2to 1.2
       Cr 5.0 to 10.0
       Mo to 3.0
       W to 6.0
       (Mo+2W) 1.0 to 3.0
       V 0.3 to 1.5
       Al 0.2 to 1.6
       Nb to 0.5
       N to 0.1
    the remainder being iron and impurities caused by production.
  2. A cold work steel according to Claim 1, characterised in that it has
       Nb 0.02 to 0.35
       N 0.01 to 0.06
    in % by weight.
  3. A cold work steel according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that it has
       C 0.8 to 1.3
       Si 0.7 to 1.4
       Mn 0.3 to 1.2
       Cr 6.0 to 9.0
       Mo to 3.0
       W to 3.0
       (Mo+2W) 1.0 to 3.0
       V 0.5 to 1.3
       Al 0.4 to 1.4
       Nb 0.04 to 0.3
       N 0.015 to 0.04
    in % by weight.
  4. A cold work steel according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that it has
       C 0.9 to 1.2
       Si 0.8 to 1.2
       Mn 0.3 to 1.0
       Cr 7.0 to 9.0
       Mo to 2.5
       W to 5.0
       (Mo+2W) 1.5 to 2.5
       V 0.6 to 1.2
       Al 0.5 to 1.3
       Nb 0.06 to 0.2
       N 0.02 to 0.35
    in % by weight.
  5. A use ofa cold work steel according to one of the previous Claims 1 to 4, for components and tools with a wearing course produced at elevated temperature.
  6. A use of a cold work steel according to Claim 5, characterised in that the layer near to the surface has a higher nitrogen and/or carbon content and, by way of example, is applied by nitriding, carbonitriding or carburizing at temperatures below 600° C, in particular between 350°C and 570°C.
  7. A use of a cold work steel according to Claim 5 characterised in that a hard material layer is applied using a CVD or PVD process or a similar process at temperatures below 600°C, in particular below 570°C.
  8. A use of cold work steel according to one of Claims 1 to 7, for punching tools.
EP90890280A 1989-10-23 1990-10-12 Cold work tool steel with high compression strength and use of these steels Expired - Lifetime EP0425471B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2423/89 1989-10-23
AT2423/89A AT393387B (en) 1989-10-23 1989-10-23 COLD WORK STEEL WITH HIGH PRESSURE STRENGTH AND USE OF THIS STEEL

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0425471A1 EP0425471A1 (en) 1991-05-02
EP0425471B1 true EP0425471B1 (en) 1994-12-14

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Country Status (12)

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EP (1) EP0425471B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2794641B2 (en)
KR (1) KR0170386B1 (en)
AT (1) AT393387B (en)
AU (1) AU631690B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9005350A (en)
DE (1) DE59008009D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0425471T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2068379T3 (en)
TW (1) TW199910B (en)
ZA (1) ZA908467B (en)

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JP3284092B2 (en) * 1997-12-05 2002-05-20 理研ダイヤモンド工業株式会社 Cutting and crushing cutter
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US6093303A (en) 1998-08-12 2000-07-25 Swagelok Company Low temperature case hardening processes
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US20030155045A1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-21 Williams Peter C. Lubricated low temperature carburized stainless steel parts
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU631690B2 (en) 1992-12-03
ATA242389A (en) 1991-03-15
KR910008158A (en) 1991-05-30
AU6492290A (en) 1991-04-26
KR0170386B1 (en) 1999-02-18
TW199910B (en) 1993-02-11
BR9005350A (en) 1991-09-17
DK0425471T3 (en) 1995-02-20
JPH03197649A (en) 1991-08-29
DE59008009D1 (en) 1995-01-26
AT393387B (en) 1991-10-10
EP0425471A1 (en) 1991-05-02
JP2794641B2 (en) 1998-09-10
ZA908467B (en) 1991-12-24
US5160553A (en) 1992-11-03
ES2068379T3 (en) 1995-04-16

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