EP0421200B1 - Method and apparatus for centrifuging high-viscosity material - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for centrifuging high-viscosity material Download PDFInfo
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- EP0421200B1 EP0421200B1 EP90118113A EP90118113A EP0421200B1 EP 0421200 B1 EP0421200 B1 EP 0421200B1 EP 90118113 A EP90118113 A EP 90118113A EP 90118113 A EP90118113 A EP 90118113A EP 0421200 B1 EP0421200 B1 EP 0421200B1
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- centrifuge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
- C13B—PRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- C13B30/00—Crystallisation; Crystallising apparatus; Separating crystals from mother liquors ; Evaporating or boiling sugar juice
- C13B30/04—Separating crystals from mother liquor
- C13B30/06—Separating crystals from mother liquor by centrifugal force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
Definitions
- Double centrifuges of the type mentioned above are used to carry out two centrifugal stages which are necessary or desired in terms of process technology as effectively as possible, energy-saving and at the same time requiring as little space or floor space as possible.
- An example of this is the double centrifuge described in DE-A-34 15 519 for the continuous spinning of the second sugar filling mass of the so-called B sugar.
- a further development consists in the two centrifugal drums, e.g. in DE-A-36 22 959, while maintaining the same process steps from above, to thereby avoid or dampen vibrations that result from the inevitable unbalance as a result of an uneven distribution of the filling materials.
- the invention has for its object, according to the known method with at least two spin stages spatially one above the other in a common housing, i.e. With a minimal footprint, this can also be done for highly viscous or / and lumpy suspensions, especially with a sugar filling product.
- centrifuged material supplied is reduced and homogenized in its viscosity by shear force before entering the preliminary centrifugation. that it can be supplied as a pre-spinning filler.
- the viscosity for example, of a sugar filling product to be treated in two or more centrifugal stages arranged one above the other is so high that even with a central task in the first spin stage, ie in a pre-accelerator usually present there, a uniform distribution of the filling mass on the top sieve drum can only be achieved to a limited extent. This means that if a double centrifuge with a drive according to DE-A-34 15 519 is used for such a product, the resulting unbalances would be extremely difficult to control. This is the reason why such double centrifuges are not used for such centrifuged goods.
- the additional process step according to the invention in which the centrifuged material is subjected to a shear force action in a mixing and homogenizing device before it enters the pre-accelerator of the first centrifugal stage, has also made it possible to also make highly viscous or / and lumpy suspensions, such as, for example, refill sugar to treat in two or more centrifugal stages lying one above the other, so that the advantages of this space-saving procedure can also be used for such difficult products. Due to the mechanical influence of shear force-producing mixing tools in the mixing and homogenizing stage, it is possible - by using the tixotropy of a suspension - to reduce the viscosity to such an extent that a even distribution is achieved even with off-center feeding. Under the action of shear, a suspension with lumps or other inhomogeneities is homogenized to such an extent that a creamy filling mass is formed.
- auxiliary medium to it before the viscosity is reduced and homogenized.
- the purpose of this auxiliary medium is to provide the amount of liquid that may be required to achieve a predetermined viscosity. But it can also serve as a lubricant.
- the filtrate spun off from the preliminary centrifugation can advantageously also be used in the case of sugar secondary product filling compound.
- auxiliary medium preferably to a temperature between 40 and 70 ° C.
- a continuously operating sieve centrifuge with at least two centrifugal drums which are arranged at a distance from one another and are connected to one another via a common centrifuge shaft driven from above and are housed in a common centrifuge housing, in which the centrifugal material to be treated coming from a feed line is an accelerator, is used to carry out the method according to the invention
- the upper centrifugal drum can be fed via a control valve and a feed line, in which a mixing and. on the centrifuge housing between the control valve and the feed line
- Homogenizing device is arranged with a rotor rotating in a housing with bottom and opening and a separate, external drive motor.
- the centrifuged material to be treated is fed to the mixing and homogenizing device via the control valve.
- the separate, external drive motor is also advantageous, since with this design a rotor speed that is independent of the spin speed can be freely selected and regulated.
- the direct construction of the mixing and homogenizing device on the centrifuge lid is also advantageous, since this eliminates the need for pipes and conveying devices.
- a two-stage centrifuge device is known from US-A-3, 074, 821, which provides a mixer before each centrifuge stage. These mixers are not comparable with the mixing and homogenizing device according to the invention but correspond to the usual mashers.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the mixing and homogenizing device is attached to the centrifuge housing by means of a base, that the rotor rotates about a vertical axis and is designed as a pot with a plate and pot wall, the upper edge of which consists of a flange and has a lid formed ring slot and the plate is provided with mixing tools generating shear forces.
- the centrifugal material can be placed exactly on the inner surface of the plate of the rotor.
- the centrifuged material which is reduced in viscosity and homogenized by the mixing tools, is guided upwards on the pot wall and into the interior of the housing via the ring slot formed by the flange of the rotor and a cover headed.
- the advantages of a rotor speed which can be selected independently of the spin speed are shown. This means that it can be optimally matched to the material to be treated.
- the suspension would not be liquefied or would not liquefy sufficiently; if the speed was too high, the centrifuged goods would be damaged, for example, in the case of a sugar secondary product filling mass, the crystals would break apart if the speed of the mixing tools was above 10 m / s.
- a possible reflux of the already reduced and homogenized filling compound can be prevented by connecting a downwardly facing collar to the flange of the rotor at a distance from the wall of the pot and by a cylinder engaging in the free space thereby formed, which engages on the floor the housing is attached.
- a helix which is guided from top to bottom and ends in the lower part in the region of the housing opening can be provided between the housing and the cylinder.
- connection of the mixing and homogenizing device to the feed line of the centrifuge is carried out in such a way that that a feed to the feed line connects to the housing opening via a sliding plate and that the feed consists of a tube, a rubber sleeve, a tubular sight glass and a connection.
- a guide cone connected to the control valve opens into the rotor and to this a line for the auxiliary medium is connected, which preferably opens tangentially.
- the guide cone is guided through the cover of the rotor in the middle and with great play.
- the double centrifuge 1 housed in a centrifuge housing 2 has the two superimposed centrifugal drums 3 and 4, which are driven by a common centrifuge shaft with an overhead motor 6. Both centrifugal drums 3 and 4 are each provided with a pre-accelerator 7.
- a mixing and homogenizing device 8 between the control valve 11 and the feed line 9, specifically arranged directly on the centrifuge housing 2.
- the feed line 9 leads to the pre-accelerator 7 of the upper centrifugal drum 3.
- the centrifuged material to be treated is fed to the mixing and homogenizing device 8 by means of a feed line 10 and a control valve 11.
- An auxiliary medium can be added to the centrifuged material by means of a line 12.
- the mixing and homogenizing device 8 is placed on the centrifuge housing 2 with its housing 16 and a base 14.
- a rotor 13 is provided within the housing 16 and is driven by a separate, external drive motor 22.
- the motor 22 is attached to a floor 15.
- the rotor 13 consists essentially of a pot 18, on the plate 20 mixing tools 17 are attached.
- the pot 18 is provided with a lid 25 which is supported on spacers 24 and thus forms an annular slot 19 as an outlet opening.
- the spacers 24 are seated on a flange 26 of the cylindrical cup wall 23.
- a downwardly projecting, cylindrical collar is attached to the outer circumference of the flange 26, which together with the cup wall 23 forms a free space.
- a cylinder 28 protrudes into this free space, the lower side of which is firmly connected to the floor 15.
- the feed 31 consists of a tube 32 to which a cylindrical sight glass 34 is connected by means of a rubber sleeve 33. This in turn is connected to the upper end of the feed line 9, not shown in FIG. 2, by means of a connecting sleeve 35.
- the mixing and homogenizing device 8 is closed at the top by a seal 39 by means of a cover 38.
- a guide cone 36 is tightly connected to the cover 38 and projects through the cover 25 into the pot 18 with play.
- the line 12 for the auxiliary medium opens into this guide cone (preferably tangentially).
- the control valve 11 is connected to the guide cone 36 by means of a flange 37.
- the poorly flowing spun material for example a sugar secondary product filling mass, falls on the center of the inner surface 40 of the plate 20, which rotates with its hub 21.
- the mixing tools 17 ensure a reduction in the viscosity and intimate homogenization of the centrifuged material, the auxiliary agent added via the line 12 simultaneously improving the homogenization and thus the reduction in the viscosity as a lubricant.
- the initially highly viscous centrifugal material receives a flowable or creamy consistency in the mixing and homogenizing device, so that it can emerge from the bowl 18 of the rotor 13 via the ring slot 19 and thus reach the helix 29.
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Abstract
Description
Verfahren zum Schleudern eines Schleudergutes in mindestens zwei kontinuierlich arbeitenden - Schleuderstufen, mit einer ersten Schleuderstufe, der Vorschleuderung, der das in dieser Stufe zu behandelnde Schleudergut ohne Fördereinrichtung, lediglich durch die Schwerkraftwirkung, zugeführt wird, mit einer Einmaischung für das Schleudergut aus der Vorschleuderung und mit einer zweiten Schleuderstufe, der Nachschleuderung, der das eingemaischte Schleudergut aus der Vorschleuderung, ebenfalls ohne Fördereinrichtung, lediglich durch die Schwerkraftwirkung, der Nachschleuderung zugeführt wird, wobei die Vor- und Nachschleuderung räumlich übereinander und zusammen mit der Einmaischung in einem gemeinsamen Zentrifugengehäuse angeordnet sind.Process for spinning a centrifugal material in at least two continuously operating - centrifugal stages, with a first centrifugal stage, the preliminary spin, to which the centrifugal material to be treated in this stage is fed without a conveyor, simply by the action of gravity, with a mashing in for the centrifuged material from the preliminary spin and with a second centrifugal stage, the re-centrifugation, which delivers the mashed-in centrifugal material from the preliminary centrifugation, also without a conveyor, only by the force of gravity, to the secondary centrifugation, the preliminary and secondary centrifugation being arranged spatially one above the other and together with the mashing in a common centrifuge housing.
Kontinuierlich arbeitende Siebzentrifugen sind in vielfältiger Form bekannt. Doppelzentrifugen der obengenannten Art dienen dazu, zwei verfahrenstechnisch notwendige bzw. erwünschte Schleuderstufen möglichst effektiv, energiesparend bei gleichzeitig geringstmöglichem Stell- bzw. Grundflächenbedarf durchzuführen. Ein Beispiel dafür ist die in der DE-A-34 15 519 beschriebene Doppelzentrifuge für das kontinuierliche Schleudern der zweiten Zuckerfüllmasse des sogenannten B-Zuckers. Eine Weiterentwicklung besteht darin, die beiden Schleudertrommeln, wie z.B. in DE-A-36 22 959, unter Beibehaltung derselben Verfahrensschritte von oben anzutreiben, um dadurch Schwingungen, die sich aus der unvermeidlichen Unwucht infolge einer Ungleichverteilung der Füllmassen ergeben, zu vermeiden oder zu dämpfen.Continuously operating sieve centrifuges are known in a variety of forms. Double centrifuges of the type mentioned above are used to carry out two centrifugal stages which are necessary or desired in terms of process technology as effectively as possible, energy-saving and at the same time requiring as little space or floor space as possible. An example of this is the double centrifuge described in DE-A-34 15 519 for the continuous spinning of the second sugar filling mass of the so-called B sugar. A further development consists in the two centrifugal drums, e.g. in DE-A-36 22 959, while maintaining the same process steps from above, to thereby avoid or dampen vibrations that result from the inevitable unbalance as a result of an uneven distribution of the filling materials.
Für die Behandlung von hochviskosen oder / und zu Klumpenbildung neigenden Suspensionen, wie z.B. der Zuckerproduktfüllmasse, des sogenannten C-Zuckers, mußte auf Doppelzentrifugen trotz ihrer anerkannten Vorteile wegen der außerordentlich hohen Viskosität dieser Füllmassen bisher verzichtet werden. Bel solchen hochviskosen Füllmassen wurde dieser Verfahrensschritt unter Inkaufnahme des zusätzlichen Platzbedarfes, des Investitionsaufwandes und des erhöhten Energiebedarfes in einer zweiten separat stehenden Zentrifuge durchgeführt.For the treatment of highly viscous or / and clumping suspensions, such as the Sugar product filling compound, the so-called C-sugar, has so far had to do without double centrifuges despite their recognized advantages because of the extraordinarily high viscosity of these filling compounds. In the case of such highly viscous filling materials, this process step was carried out in a second, separate centrifuge, taking into account the additional space requirement, the investment and the increased energy requirement.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, entsprechend dem bekannten Verfahren mit mindestens zwei Schleuderstufen räumlich übereinander in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse, d.h. bei minimalem Grundflächenbedarf, dieses auch für hochviskose oder/und zur Klumpenbildung neigenden Suspensionen, insbesondere bei einer Zuckemachproduktfüllmasse durchzuführen.The invention has for its object, according to the known method with at least two spin stages spatially one above the other in a common housing, i.e. With a minimal footprint, this can also be done for highly viscous or / and lumpy suspensions, especially with a sugar filling product.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß zum Schleudern eines Schleudergutes in Form einer hochviskosen oder / und zur Klumpenbildung neigenden Suspension, insbesondere einer Zuckernachproduktfüllmasse, das zugeführte Schleudergut vor dem Eintritt in die Vorschleuderung durch Scherkrafteinwirkung in seiner Viskosität soweit herabgesetzt und homogenisiert wird, daß es als sämige Füllmasse der Vorschleuderung zugeführt werden kann.This object is achieved according to the invention in that for centrifuging a centrifugal material in the form of a highly viscous suspension and / or a tendency to form lumps, in particular a sugar secondary product filling mass, the centrifuged material supplied is reduced and homogenized in its viscosity by shear force before entering the preliminary centrifugation. that it can be supplied as a pre-spinning filler.
Die Viskosität beispielsweise einer Zuckemachproduktfüllmasse, die in zwei oder mehr räumlich übereinander angeordneten Schleuderstufen behandelt werden soll, ist so hoch, daß selbst bei zentrischer Aufgabe in die erste Schleuderstufe, d.h. in einen dort überlicherweise vorhandenen Vorbeschleuniger, eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Füllmasse auf die oberste Siebtrommel nur bedingt zu errechen ist. Das bedeutet, daß bei Einsatz einer Doppelzentrifuge mit untenliegendem Antrieb nach DE-A-34 15 519 für ein solches Produkt die daraus resultierenden Unwuchten äußerst schwer zu beherrschen wären. Darin ist der Grund zu sehen, warum solche Doppelzentrifugen für derartiges Schleudergut nicht eingesetzt werden.The viscosity, for example, of a sugar filling product to be treated in two or more centrifugal stages arranged one above the other is so high that even with a central task in the first spin stage, ie in a pre-accelerator usually present there, a uniform distribution of the filling mass on the top sieve drum can only be achieved to a limited extent. This means that if a double centrifuge with a drive according to DE-A-34 15 519 is used for such a product, the resulting unbalances would be extremely difficult to control. This is the reason why such double centrifuges are not used for such centrifuged goods.
Noch wesentlich schwieriger gestaltet sich das Verteilungsproblem bei einer gemäß DE-A-36 22 959 oben angetriebenen Doppelzentrifuge, weil das Schleudergut in diesem Falle außermittig aufgegeben werden muß. Es würde sich aufgrund der hohen Viskosität zwangsläufig eine ungleichförmige Verteilung auf die oberste Zentrifugentrommel ergeben. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen zusätzlichen Verfahrensschritt, bei dem das Schleudergut in einer Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung vor seinem Eintritt in den Vorbeschleuniger der ersten Schleuderstufe einer Scherkraft-Einwirkung unterworfen wird, ist es möglich geworden, auch hochviskose oder/und zu Klumpenbildung neigende Suspensionen, wie z.B. Zuckernachproduktfüllmasse, in zwei oder mehr räumlich übereinander liegenden Schleuderstufen zu behandeln, so daß sich auch für solche schwierigen Produkte die Vorteile dieser platzsparenden Verfahrensweise nutzen lassen. Durch den mechanischen Einfluß von Scherkraft erzeugenden Mischwerkzeugen in der Misch- und Homogenisierstufe gelingt es nämlich - die Tixotropie einer Suspension ausnutzend - die Viskosität so weit herabzusetzen, daß eine gleichmäßige Verteilung selbst bei außermittiger Zuführung erreicht wird. Unter der Scherkrafteinwirkung wird auch eine Suspension mit Klumpen oder sonstigen Inhomogenitäten soweit homogenisiert, daß eine sämige Füllmasse entsteht.The distribution problem is even more difficult with a double centrifuge driven according to DE-A-36 22 959 above, because in this case the centrifuged material has to be given up off-center. The high viscosity would inevitably result in a non-uniform distribution over the top centrifuge drum. The additional process step according to the invention, in which the centrifuged material is subjected to a shear force action in a mixing and homogenizing device before it enters the pre-accelerator of the first centrifugal stage, has also made it possible to also make highly viscous or / and lumpy suspensions, such as, for example, refill sugar to treat in two or more centrifugal stages lying one above the other, so that the advantages of this space-saving procedure can also be used for such difficult products. Due to the mechanical influence of shear force-producing mixing tools in the mixing and homogenizing stage, it is possible - by using the tixotropy of a suspension - to reduce the viscosity to such an extent that a even distribution is achieved even with off-center feeding. Under the action of shear, a suspension with lumps or other inhomogeneities is homogenized to such an extent that a creamy filling mass is formed.
Je nach Konsistenz des zu behandelnden Schleudergutes kann es vorteilhaft oder gar notwendig sein, diesem vor der Viskositätsherabsetzung und Homogenisierung ein Hilfsmedium zuzusetzen. Aufgabe dieses Hilfsmediums ist es, die eventuell zur Erreichung einer vorgegebenen Viskosität notwendige Flüssigkeitsmenge bereitzustellen. Sie kann aber auch als Gleitmittel dienen.Depending on the consistency of the centrifuge to be treated, it may be advantageous or even necessary to add an auxiliary medium to it before the viscosity is reduced and homogenized. The purpose of this auxiliary medium is to provide the amount of liquid that may be required to achieve a predetermined viscosity. But it can also serve as a lubricant.
Als Hilfsmittel kann vorteilhaft das aus der Vorschleuderung abgeschleuderte Filtrat auch im Falle von Zuckernachproduktfüllmasse die Melasse verwendet werden.As an aid, the filtrate spun off from the preliminary centrifugation can advantageously also be used in the case of sugar secondary product filling compound.
Je nach Schleudergut kann es angebracht wein, das Hilfsmedium aufzuheizen, vorzugsweise auf eine Temperatur zwischen 40 und 70° C.Depending on the centrifuge, it may be appropriate to heat the auxiliary medium, preferably to a temperature between 40 and 70 ° C.
Zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dient eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Siebzentrifuge mit mindestens zwei mit Abstand übereinander angeordneten und über eine gemeinsame, von oben angetriebene Zentrifugenwelle miteinander verbundenen Schleudertrommeln, die in einem gemeinsamen Zentrifugengehäuse untergebracht sind, bei der das aus einer Zufürleitung kommende zu behandelnde Schleudergut einem Beschleuniger der oberen Schleudertrommel über ein Regelventil und eine Speiseleitung zuführbar ist, bei der auf dem Zentrifugengehäuse zwischen dem Regelventil und der Speiseleitung eine Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung mit einem in einem Gehäuse mit Boden und Öffnung umlaufenden Rotor und einem separaten, außenliegenden Antriebsmotor angeordnet ist.A continuously operating sieve centrifuge with at least two centrifugal drums, which are arranged at a distance from one another and are connected to one another via a common centrifuge shaft driven from above and are housed in a common centrifuge housing, in which the centrifugal material to be treated coming from a feed line is an accelerator, is used to carry out the method according to the invention the upper centrifugal drum can be fed via a control valve and a feed line, in which a mixing and. on the centrifuge housing between the control valve and the feed line Homogenizing device is arranged with a rotor rotating in a housing with bottom and opening and a separate, external drive motor.
Das zu behandelnde Schleudergut wird dabei über das Regelventil der Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung zugeführt. Vorteilhaft ist auch der separate, außenliegende Antriebsmotor, da mit dieser Konzeption ein von der Schleuderdrehzahl unabhängige Drehzahl des Rotors frei wähl- und regelbar ist. Vorteilhaft ist auch der direkte Aufbau der Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung auf dem Zentrifugendeckel, da hierdurch Leitungen und Fördereinrichtungen entbehrlich sind.The centrifuged material to be treated is fed to the mixing and homogenizing device via the control valve. The separate, external drive motor is also advantageous, since with this design a rotor speed that is independent of the spin speed can be freely selected and regulated. The direct construction of the mixing and homogenizing device on the centrifuge lid is also advantageous, since this eliminates the need for pipes and conveying devices.
Durch die US-A-3, 074, 821 ist eine zweistufige Zentrifugenvorrichtung bekannt geworden, die vor jeder Zentrifugenstufe einen Mischer vorsieht. Diese Mischer sind nicht mit der erfindungsgemäßen Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung vergleichbar sondern entsprechen den üblichen Maischern.A two-stage centrifuge device is known from US-A-3, 074, 821, which provides a mixer before each centrifuge stage. These mixers are not comparable with the mixing and homogenizing device according to the invention but correspond to the usual mashers.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung mittels eines Sockels auf dem Zentrifugengehäuse befestigt ist, daß der Rotor sich um eine vertikale Achse dreht und als Topf mit Platte und Topfwand ausgebildet ist, dessen oberer Rand einen aus einem Flansch und einem Deckel gebildeten Ringschlitz aufweist und dessen Platte mit Scherkräfte erzeugenden Mischwerkzeugen versehen ist.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the mixing and homogenizing device is attached to the centrifuge housing by means of a base, that the rotor rotates about a vertical axis and is designed as a pot with a plate and pot wall, the upper edge of which consists of a flange and has a lid formed ring slot and the plate is provided with mixing tools generating shear forces.
Durch die vertikale Drehachse ist die genau mittige Aufgabe des Schleudergutes auf die Innenfläche der Platte des Rotors möglich. Das durch die Mischwerkzeuge in seiner Viskosität herabgesetzte und homogenisierte Schleudergut wird an der Topfwand nach oben geleitet und über den von dem Flansch des Rotors und einem Deckel gebildeten Ringschlitz in den Gehäuseinnenraum geleitet. Insbesondere bei einem mit Mischwerkzeugen, z.B. Stiften ausgestatteten Rotor zeigen sich die Vorteile einer unabhängig von der Schleuderdrehzahl wählbaren Rotordrehzahl. Sie kann dadurch optimal auf das zu behandelnde Schleudergut abgestimmt werden. Bei zu geringer Geschwindigkeit der Mischwerkzeuge würde nämlich die Suspension nicht oder nicht ausreichend verflüssigt, bei einer zu hohen Geschwindigkeit würde das Schleudergut ggf. Schaden nehmen, z.B. würden im Falle einer Zuckernachproduktfüllmasse bei einer Unfangsgeschwindigkeit der Mischwerkzeuge über 10 m/s die Kristalle zerschlagen.Due to the vertical axis of rotation, the centrifugal material can be placed exactly on the inner surface of the plate of the rotor. The centrifuged material, which is reduced in viscosity and homogenized by the mixing tools, is guided upwards on the pot wall and into the interior of the housing via the ring slot formed by the flange of the rotor and a cover headed. In particular in the case of a rotor equipped with mixing tools, for example pins, the advantages of a rotor speed which can be selected independently of the spin speed are shown. This means that it can be optimally matched to the material to be treated. If the speed of the mixing tools were too low, the suspension would not be liquefied or would not liquefy sufficiently; if the speed was too high, the centrifuged goods would be damaged, for example, in the case of a sugar secondary product filling mass, the crystals would break apart if the speed of the mixing tools was above 10 m / s.
Einem möglichen Rückfluß der bereits in der Viskosität herabgesetzten und homogenisierten Füllmasse kann dadurch vorgebeugt werden, daß sich an den Flansch des Rotors ein nach unten weisender Kragen mit einem Abstand zur Topfwand anschließt und daß in den dadurch gebildeten Freiraum ein Zylinder eingreift, der auf dem Boden des Gehäuses befestigt ist.A possible reflux of the already reduced and homogenized filling compound can be prevented by connecting a downwardly facing collar to the flange of the rotor at a distance from the wall of the pot and by a cylinder engaging in the free space thereby formed, which engages on the floor the housing is attached.
Um den Abfluß des vorbehandelten Schleudergutes aus der Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung zu erleichtern und kontinuierlich zu gestalten, kann zwischen dem Gehäuse und dem Zylinder eine von oben nach unten geführte Wendel vorgesehen ist, die im unteren Teil im Bereich der Gehäuseöffnung endet.In order to facilitate and continuously design the outflow of the pretreated centrifuged material from the mixing and homogenizing device, a helix which is guided from top to bottom and ends in the lower part in the region of the housing opening can be provided between the housing and the cylinder.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des Anschlusses der Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung an die Speiseleitung der Zentrifuge erfolgt in der Weise,
daß sich an die Gehäuseöffnung über ein Gleitblech eine Zuführung zur Speiseleitung anschließt und daß die Zuführung aus einem Rohr, einer Gummimuffe, einem rohrförmigen Schauglas und einer Verbindung besteht.An advantageous embodiment of the connection of the mixing and homogenizing device to the feed line of the centrifuge is carried out in such a way that
that a feed to the feed line connects to the housing opening via a sliding plate and that the feed consists of a tube, a rubber sleeve, a tubular sight glass and a connection.
Für den Fall, daß dem zu behandelnden Schleudergut ein flüssiges Hilfsmedium zugesetzt werden muß, ist vorgesehen, daß in den Rotor ein mit dem Regelventil verbundene Leitkonus mündet und an diesem eine Leitung für das Hilfsmedium angeschlossen ist, die vorzugsweise tangential mündet. Der Leitkonus wird dazu mittig und mit großem Spiel durch den Deckel des Rotors geführt.In the event that a liquid auxiliary medium has to be added to the centrifuged material to be treated, it is provided that a guide cone connected to the control valve opens into the rotor and to this a line for the auxiliary medium is connected, which preferably opens tangentially. For this purpose, the guide cone is guided through the cover of the rotor in the middle and with great play.
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Doppelzentrifuge in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt und im folgenden näher beschrieben.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Schnitt durch die Doppelzentrifuge mit Misch- und Homogenisierstufe sowie zwei Schleuderstufen,
- Fig. 2
- einen Schnitt durch die Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung.
Show it:
- Fig. 1
- a section through the double centrifuge with mixing and homogenizing stage and two spinning stages,
- Fig. 2
- a section through the mixing and homogenizing device.
Die in einem Zentrifugengehäuse 2 untergebrachte Doppelschleuder 1 weist die beiden übereinanderliegenden Schleudertrommeln 3 und 4 auf, die von einer gemeinsamen Zentrifugenwelle mit obenliegendem Motor 6 angetrieben werden. Beide Schleudertrommeln 3 und 4 sind jeweils mit einem Vorbeschleuniger 7 versehen.The double centrifuge 1 housed in a
Anstelle der bisherigen, direkten Einführung des zu schleudernden Gutes( ist erfindungsgemäß eine Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung 8 zwischen dem Regelventil 11 und der Speiseleitung 9 und zwar direkt auf dem Zentrifugengehäuse 2 angeordnet. Die Speiseleitung 9 führt zum Vorbeschleuniger 7 der oberen Schleudertrommel 3. Das zu behandelnde Schleudergut wird mittels einer Zuführleitung 10 und einem Regelventil 11 der Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung 8 zugeführt. Mittels einer Leitung 12 kann ein Hilfsmedium dem Schleudergut zugesetzt werden. Die Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung 8 ist mit ihrem Gehäuse 16 und einem Sockel 14 auf dem Zentrifugengehäuse 2 aufgesetzt. Innerhalb des Gehäuses 16 ist ein Rotor 13 vorgesehen, der von einem separaten, außenliegenden Antriebsmotor 22 angetrieben wird. Der Motor 22 ist an einem Boden 15 befestigt. Im wesentlichen besteht der Rotor 13 aus einem Topf 18, auf dessen Platte 20 Mischwerkzeuge 17 befestigt sind. Nach oben hin ist der Topf 18 mit einem Deckel 25 versehen, der auf Distanzstücken 24 abgestützt ist und damit einen Ringschlitz 19 als Austrittsöffnung bildet. Die Distanzstücke 24 sitzen auf einem Flansch 26 der zylinderförmigen Topfwand 23. Am äußeren Umfang des Flansches 26 ist ein nach unten ragender, zylinderförmiger Kragen angebracht, der zusammen mit der Topfwand 23 einen Freiraum bildet. In diesen Freiraum ragt ein Zylinder 28 hinein, der mit seiner unteren Seite fest mit dem Boden 15 verbunden ist. Zwischen dem Zylinder 28 und der Gehäusewand 16 ist eine von oben nach unten verlaufende Wendel 29 angeordnet, auf der das vorbehandelte Schleudergut, die Füllmasse, gut fließbar der Gehäuseöffnung 30 zugeleitet wird. Am unteren Ende der Wendel 29 ist ein Gleitblech 41 vorgesehen, mit dem die Zuführung des Schleudergutes in die Gehäuseöffnung 30 erleichtert wird. Von hier fließt die Füllmasse über die Zuführung 31 in die Speiseleitung 9. Die Zuführung 31 besteht aus einem Rohr 32, an das mittels einer Gummimuffe 33 ein zylinderförmiges Schauglas 34 angeschlossen ist. Dieses wiederum ist mittels einer Verbindungsmuffe 35 mit demoberen Ende der in Fig. 2 nicht dargestellten Speiseleitung 9 verbunden.Instead of the previous, direct introduction of the material to be spun (is, according to the invention, a mixing and
Die Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung 8 ist nach oben hin über eine Dichtung 39 mittels eines Deckels 38 verschlossen. Mit dem Deckel 38 ist ein Leitkonus 36 dicht verbunden und ragt mit Spiel durch den Deckel 25 in den Topf 18. In diesen Leitkonus mündet (vorzugsweise tangential) die Leitung 12 für das Hilfsmedium eingeführt. Mittels eines Flansches 37 wird das Regelventil 11 mit dem Leitkonus 36 verbunden.The mixing and homogenizing
Das schlecht fließende Schleudergut, beispielsweise eine Zuckernachproduktfüllmasse, fällt auf das Zentrum der Innenfläche 40 des Tellers 20, der mit seiner Nabe 21 rotiert. Die Mischwerkzeuge 17 sorgen für eine Herabsetzung der Viskosität und innige Homogenisierung des Schleudergutes, wobei das über die Leitung 12 zugegebene Hilfsmittel gleichzeitig als Gleitmittel die Homogenisierung und damit die Herabsetzung der Viskosität verbessert. Das zunächst hochviskose Schleudergut erhält in der Misch- und Homogenisiervorrichtung eine fließfähige bzw. sämige Konsistenz, so daß es über den Ringschlitz 19 aus dem Topf 18 des Rotors 13 austreten und damit auf die Wendel 29 gelangen kann. Von hier gleitet es über die Gehäuseöffnung 30 und die Zuführung 31 in die SpeiseleStung 9 und durch diese hindurch in den Vorbeschleuniger 7 der oberen Schleudertrommel 3. Jetzt wird das zu schleudernde Gut ohne Schwierigkeiten gleichmäßig auf die Siebfläche der Schleudertrommel 3 verteilt. Die weitere Verfahrensweise entspricht dem aus DE-A-36 22 959 bekannten Stand der Technik.The poorly flowing spun material, for example a sugar secondary product filling mass, falls on the center of the
Claims (10)
- Method for centrifuging solid material in at least two continuous working stages, having a first centrifuging stage, the pre-centrifuging, to which the solid material to be processed in this stage is fed without a transport means merely by gravity feed, having a mashing phase for the solid material from the pre-centrifuging stage, and having a second centrifuging stage, the after-centrifuging, to which the mashed solid material from the pre-centrifuging stage is fed also without a transport means merely by gravity feed, wherein the pre- and after-centrifuging stages are spatially disposed one above the other and are arranged together with the mashing phase in a common centrifuge housing, characterised in that to centrifuge a solid material in the form of a high-viscosity suspension or/and a suspension with a tendency to form lumps, in particular a sugar by-product filler, the supplied solid material is reduced in viscosity and homogenised prior to entering the pre-centrifuging stage by gravity feed in such a way that it may be fed to the pre-centrifuging stage in the form of a thick filler material.
- Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that an auxiliary agent is added to the solid material prior to its reduction in viscosity and homogenisation.
- Method according to Claim 2, characterised in that the filtrate centrifuged from the pre-centrifuging stage is used as auxiliary agent.
- Method according to Claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the auxiliary agent is heated, preferably to a temperature of between 40° and 70°C.
- Continuously operating screen-type centrifuge (1) for carrying out a method according to Claims 1 to 4, having at least two centrifugal drums (3, 4), which are spaced one above the other and are connected to one another via a centrifuge shaft (5) driven from above, said two centrifugal drums (3, 4) being accommodated in a common centrifuge housing (2), in which the solid material being fed from a supply pipe (10) for processing may be fed to an accelerator (7) of the upper centrifugal drum (3) via a control valve (11) and a feed pipe (9), characterised in that a mixer and homogeniser (8), which is provided with a rotor (13) revolving in a housing (16) with base (15) around a housing opening (30) and with a separate drive motor (22) located on the outside, is arranged on said centrifuge housing (2) between said control valve (11) and said feed pipe.
- Centrifuge according to Claim 5, characterised in that the mixer and homogeniser (8) is secured to the centrifuge housing (2) by means of a base (14); that the rotor (13) revolves around a vertical axis and is provided in the form of a bowl (18) with a plate (20) and a bowl wall (23), the upper edge of which has an annular slot (19) formed by a flange (26) and a cover (25), and the plate (20) of which is provided with mixing tools (17) generating shearing forces.
- Centrifuge according to Claim 5 or 6, characterised in that a downwardly pointing collar (27) is disposed at a distance from the bowl wall (23) on the flange (26) of the rotor (13), and that a cylinder (28) engages in the cavity thus formed and is secured to the base (15) of the housing (16).
- Centrifuge according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterised in that between the housing (16) and the cylinder (28), a spiral (29) running from top to bottom is provided, which terminates at its lower portion in the area of the housing opening (30), and that a delivery means (31) to the feed pipe (9) adjoins the housing opening (30) via a slide plate (41).
- Centrifuge according to Claim 8, characterised in that the delivery means (31) comprises a tube (32), a rubber sleeve (33), a cylindrical inspection glass (34) and a connection sleeve (35).
- Centrifuge according to one of Claims 5 to 9, characterised in that a guide cone (36) connected to the control valve (11) feeds into the rotor (13) and a pipe (12) for the auxiliary agent is connected to this guide cone (36), preferably feeding tangentially therein.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3933136A DE3933136A1 (en) | 1989-10-04 | 1989-10-04 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SPINING A HIGH VISCOSITY PRODUCT |
DE3933136 | 1989-10-04 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0421200A2 EP0421200A2 (en) | 1991-04-10 |
EP0421200A3 EP0421200A3 (en) | 1991-11-06 |
EP0421200B1 true EP0421200B1 (en) | 1994-11-30 |
Family
ID=6390822
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90118113A Expired - Lifetime EP0421200B1 (en) | 1989-10-04 | 1990-09-20 | Method and apparatus for centrifuging high-viscosity material |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5300013A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0421200B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE114509T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3933136A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU667793B3 (en) * | 1995-03-07 | 1996-04-04 | Stg Holdings Pty Ltd | Centrifugal separations apparatus and blending apparatus therefor |
US6267899B1 (en) | 1997-04-22 | 2001-07-31 | Stg-Fcb Holdings Pty Ltd. | Centrifugal separation apparatus and method of using the same |
US5914145A (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 1999-06-22 | Packer; Scott | Method for removing contaminants from food |
US6095965A (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 2000-08-01 | Sortech Separation Technologies Ltd. | Centrifugal separator for dry components |
US6439394B1 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2002-08-27 | Sortech Separation Technologies, Ltd. | Separator for dry separation of powders |
DE10343376B4 (en) * | 2003-09-17 | 2008-01-24 | Braunschweigische Maschinenbauanstalt Ag | Continuous sieve centrifuge and process for the preparation of crystal suspensions |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US622408A (en) * | 1899-04-04 | aspinall | ||
US1322139A (en) * | 1919-11-18 | Centrifugal concentrator | ||
US617466A (en) * | 1899-01-10 | Apparatus for separating precious metals from their ores | ||
US1401291A (en) * | 1920-11-24 | 1921-12-27 | Enrique A Touceda | Centrifugal machine |
US1974679A (en) * | 1930-09-03 | 1934-09-25 | Centrifugal Engineering And Pa | Apparatus for purifying pulp stock |
US2085538A (en) * | 1936-07-10 | 1937-06-29 | Bird Machine Co | Resolution of suspensions of finely divided solids into substantially uniform solids fractions of varying average particle size |
US2097420A (en) * | 1937-06-26 | 1937-10-26 | Bird Machine Co | Centrifugal fractionation of finely divided solids into substantially uniform solids fractions of varying average particle size |
US2542456A (en) * | 1947-08-26 | 1951-02-20 | Laval Separator Co De | Standardizing centrifugally separable product |
DE901011C (en) * | 1952-05-30 | 1954-01-07 | Siemens Ag | Internal combustion engine |
GB794949A (en) * | 1956-08-09 | 1958-05-14 | Hepworth Machine Company Inc | Improvements in or relating to centrifugal strainer separators for continuous sugar drying |
NL97736C (en) * | 1957-05-22 | |||
US3048559A (en) * | 1958-12-10 | 1962-08-07 | Columbian Carbon | Method of compounding carbon black and rubber |
US3074821A (en) * | 1960-05-31 | 1963-01-22 | Imp Sugar Company | Method for making soft or brown sugar |
DE2014519B2 (en) * | 1970-03-25 | 1977-02-03 | Palyi, Leslie, Don Mills, Ontario (Kanada) | Centrifugal grain moistening plant - has perforated entry disc and concave plates rotating in cylindrical mesh jacket |
US3811614A (en) * | 1973-06-05 | 1974-05-21 | Atlantic Richfield Co | Method for centrifuging of tar sands froth |
US3998382A (en) * | 1974-11-01 | 1976-12-21 | Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Mechanism for degasification of a viscous liquid by means of centrifugal action |
GB1584776A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1981-02-18 | Gordon M | Centrifugal homogeniser |
DE2914207A1 (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1980-10-30 | Sanbloc Gmbh | Drainage pipe blockage warning device - using level switch to provide optical or acoustic alarm signal and having T=shaped chamber made of transparent material |
JPS5882208A (en) * | 1981-11-11 | 1983-05-17 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Laying method for wound self-supporting optical cable |
DE3415519A1 (en) * | 1984-04-26 | 1985-10-31 | Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Continuously operating screen-type centrifuge |
DE3620700A1 (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1987-12-23 | Kreyenberg Heiner | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISCHARGING WATER |
DE3622959C2 (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1996-12-12 | Dorr Oliver Deutschland | Continuously operating screen centrifuge with overhead drive |
-
1989
- 1989-10-04 DE DE3933136A patent/DE3933136A1/en active Granted
-
1990
- 1990-09-20 AT AT90118113T patent/ATE114509T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-09-20 EP EP90118113A patent/EP0421200B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-10-04 US US07/592,045 patent/US5300013A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0421200A3 (en) | 1991-11-06 |
DE3933136C2 (en) | 1992-03-19 |
EP0421200A2 (en) | 1991-04-10 |
US5300013A (en) | 1994-04-05 |
ATE114509T1 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
DE3933136A1 (en) | 1991-04-18 |
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