EP0419900A1 - Antenna apparatus - Google Patents
Antenna apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0419900A1 EP0419900A1 EP90117062A EP90117062A EP0419900A1 EP 0419900 A1 EP0419900 A1 EP 0419900A1 EP 90117062 A EP90117062 A EP 90117062A EP 90117062 A EP90117062 A EP 90117062A EP 0419900 A1 EP0419900 A1 EP 0419900A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- alloy
- wireless equipment
- work hardening
- external
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/08—Means for collapsing antennas or parts thereof
- H01Q1/085—Flexible aerials; Whip aerials with a resilient base
Definitions
- This invention relates to an antenna apparatus used in a portable wireless equipment, for example.
- FIG. 1 is a view of configuration for showing an antenna apparatus used in the conventional type of portable wireless equipment, wherein 1 denotes a main body of the wireless equipment, 2 denotes an internal antenna arranged at an upper part of the main body 1 of the wireless equipment, 3 denotes a battery pack set at a side surface of a tranceiver section 4, 5 denotes an element part of the external antenna which is made of stainless steel for a spring in the prior art and used while being pulled out of its stored state in the main body 1 of the wireless equipment.
- a length of the external antenna is required to extend about 17 cm of ⁇ /2 ( ⁇ : a wave length) if an applied frequency is about 800 MHz.
- cap 6 denotes a cap part arranged at an extreme end of the element part 5, this cap constitutes the external antenna 8 together with the element part 5 and is used in such a way as it may easily be pulled out when the external antenna 8 stored in the main body 1 of the wireless equipment is pulled out of it.
- 7 denotes a holder part for the cap 6.
- a changing-over switch (not shown) arranged within the main body 1 of the wireless equipment is automatically changed over from the internal antenna to the external antenna 8 and the equipment can be used.
- This type of system had a problem that a predetermined length of the external antenna 8 may not be assured, a desired electrical characteristic as the external antenna 8 and a function of the external antenna 8 may not be sufficiently attained.
- the antenna apparatus of this invention is constructed such that the element part of the external antenna arranged in the wireless equipment is made of work hardening alloy.
- reference numeral 9 denotes an element of an external antenna made of work hardening alloy.
- the work hardening alloy is heat treated under a low temperature of 350°C to 400°C and a cold working dislocation is substantially remained to apply elasticity. It shows less variation in characteristic caused by an environmental temperature.
- the work hardening alloy there are Ni-Ti alloys and ternary alloys including Ni, Ti added with Co, for example.
- 10 denotes a resin tube for covering the element 9.
- 11 denotes a cap which is press fitted to one end of the element 9, i.e. an upper end of the element 9.
- 12 denotes a rigid member integrally formed with the cap 11.
- 13 denotes a holder which is fixed to a box of the wireless equipment so as to cause the element 9 of the antenna to be freely passed and to hold the element 9.
- 14 denotes a stopper arranged at the other end of the element 9 and engaged with the lower end of the holder 13 so as not to be pulled out of it. As illustrated in FIG. 2, this stopper 14 has a slight round corner at its extreme corner part.
- the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy to be used in the element 9 of the antenna will be described.
- application of the external force (stress) exceeding its elastic limit causes dislocations among its atoms to produce a plastic deformation and even if the external force is removed, the metal does not recover its original shape.
- material called as a work hardening Ni-Ti alloy application of the external force exceeding its elastic limit under its normal state causes its deformation and its dislocations due to the deformation is prevented by heat treating it at a low temperature of 350°C to 400°C and increasing its dislocation density, resulting in getting an elastic member and then if the external force is removed by this elastic member, the alloy may return to its original state.
- the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy shows its maximum recovering strain (about 4%) larger than a normal metal which is work hardened.
- FIG. 3 is a load-deflection diagram (practically measured at 20°C) showing that a sample piece of the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy is measured under a condition shown in FIG. 8(A).
- FIG. 3 in case of the work hardening material, as its stress or load is increased, its deflection or strain is gradually increased and in turn as its load is decreased, its deflection is also decreased and finally if its load is completely removed, its deflection shows at last a zero value.
- Table 1 is a comparison table of a restoring angle ⁇ ′ and a restoring rate ⁇ in respect to a bending angle ⁇ of a prior art spring steel and the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy of the preferred embodiment (Ni 48: Tu 50: Co 2).
- FIG. 4 is an illustrative view for getting data shown in Table 1, wherein one end of the antenna 15 is defined as a fixed point 16, an external force is applied at a point spaced apart by about 7 cm from the fixed point 16 to bend the antenna up to a bending angle ⁇ and a restoring angle ⁇ ′ attained when the external force is removed is measured.
- a dotted line indicates a position of the antenna to which the external force is applied and an alternate long and short dash line indicates a position of the antenna from which the external force is removed.
- the antenna 15 is made of prior art spring steel and work hardening Ni-Ti alloy to be compared to it, a length of the antenna 15 is about 14 cm and a diameter of it is about 2 mm.
- a restoring rate ⁇ is calculated as a ratio of a restoring angle ⁇ ′ with respect to a bending angle ⁇ , i.e. ( ⁇ ′/ ⁇ ).
- both spring steel and work hardening Ni-Ti alloy have a restoring rate of 100%.
- the bending angle is more than 45°, a certain difference is generated in the restoring rate ⁇ between them.
- the presence of substantial difference of the restoring rate ⁇ between the work hardening Ti-Ni alloy and the prior art spring steel may influence a substantial antenna height and its direction and further it may provide a further influence against an electrical characteristic of the antenna.
- a polarization A generated by the element 9 in perpendicular to its axial direction is distributed into one polarization a1 generated in perpendicular to a length l1 from its bending point to the fixed point and the other polarization b1 generated in perpendicular to a length l2 of the element 9 from the bending point to the free end, thereby the characteristics of antenna (a radiation efficiency) is reduced.
- An electrical resistance of the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy is 50 to 100 ⁇ -cm which is slightly larger than 10 ⁇ -cm of the prior art spring steel and even if this fact, in view of its electrical resistance, this invention can be applicable practically as an antenna apparatus without any difference at all.
- FIG. 6 is a structural view showing another preferred embodiment of the antenna apparatus of this invention.
- 17 denotes an element of the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy wound helically and 18 denotes a resin tube for use in covering the helical element 17.
- 11 denotes a cap
- 12 denotes a rigid part
- 13 denotes a holder
- 14 denotes a stopper in the same way as that shown in FIG. 2.
- the restoring rate in respect to the element 17 is larger than that shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 7(a) even if a length of element L2 of the antenna is larger than a size L1 of a box 20 of the wireless equipment, the antenna is constructed such that the element 9 of the antenna can be stored completely in the box 20 of the wireless equipment.
- 21 denotes a storing tube arranged in the box 20 of the wireless equipment, the tube extends from a head part 20a to a bottom part 20b of the box 20 of the wireless equipment.
- a bending part 22 is arranged at the bottom part 20b and further the tube extends at the bottom part 20b.
- the element 9 of the antenna is made of work hardening Ni-Ti alloy as described above, and as indicated by a dotted line of FIG. 7(a), it is bent at the bending part 22 of the storing tube 21 due to an ultra-elastic feature and it is stored within the storing tube 21.
- a length of the storing tube 21 is slightly longer than a length of the element 9 of the antenna.
- the element 9 of the antenna is applied to perform a wireless communication
- the element 9 of the antenna is pulled out of the box 20 of the wireless equipment and even if the element 9 is pulled out of the box 20 of the wireless equipment, the element 9 is constructed by the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy, so that it rises in a straight line as shown by a solid line of FIG. 7(a).
- FIG. 7(a) 24 denotes rigid parts fixed to the element 9 of the antenna which are arranged at a forward part and a rearward part of the bending part 22 while being stored in the box 20 of the wireless equipment.
- This arrangement is made so as to enable the element 9 of the antenna to be easily slid within the storing tube 21.
- the stopper 14 arranged at the element 9 of the antenna is formed in an arcular form at its extreme end, its sliding in the storing tube 21 can more easily be performed.
- FIG. 7(b) it shows a case in which the box 25 of the wireless equipment has a special shape of circle.
- 26 denotes a storing tube arranged within the box 25 of the wireless equipment and this tube has a large bent part 27.
- Other elements are the same as those shown in FIG. 7(a).
- FIG. 8(B) illustrates load-deflection curves for use in comparing a mechanical performance of each of a shape memory alloy having a transformation point Af of 18°C, a shape memory alloy having a transformation point Af of -15°C and work hardening alloy.
- the shape memory alloy having a transformation point Af of 18°C generates a shape memory effect in a range of 0°C to -20°C of environmental temperature, and as shown in the stage c) of FIG.
- the shape memory alloy having a transformation point Af of -15°C may generate a shape memory effect in a range of -20°C of environmental temperature, and further generates a permanent strain in a range of 40°C to 60°C of environmental temperature.
- the work hardening alloy merely generates a slight shape memory effect at an environmental temperature of -20°C in a range of -20°C to 60°C of the environmental temperature and it is effective as the element material for the external antenna.
- the antenna apparatus of this invention can be applied to the external antenna in a wireless equipment in which the internal antenna and the external antenna are provided and when the external antenna is pulled out of the box of the wireless equipment, the internal antenna is automatically changed over to the external antenna by using the antenna changing-over device disclosed in the gazette of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-21636/1987, for example.
- a rigid part is arranged at a lower end of the element of the antenna, this rigid part may operate the changing-over switch and then the internal antenna can be changed over to the external antenna.
- the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy has been described, and as shown in FIG. 8(C) and 8(D), the ternary alloy including Ni and Ti together with Co, for example, has a higher elastic modulus and elastic limit than those of a binary metal having only Ni and Ti and is particularly suitable for the element member of the external antenna.
- FIG. 8(C) shows load-deflection characteristics of a ternary alloy in comparison with the binary alloy (dotted lines) shown in the stage (b) of FIG. 8(B). As seen from FIG. 8(C), the ternary alloy has a higher elastic limit and a smaller residual deformation in a low temperature range than the binary alloy does.
- FIG. 8(C) shows load-deflection characteristics of a ternary alloy in comparison with the binary alloy (dotted lines) shown in the stage (b) of FIG. 8(B).
- the ternary alloy has a higher elastic limit and a smaller residual deformation in a low temperature range than the binary alloy does.
- each of the characteristic values has a thermo-sensitivity and at a low temperature, a residual strain is left or a bending load is decreased. Accordingly, it is effective to use material having a low transformation temperature.
- the element part of the external antenna of the wireless equipment is made of work hardening alloy, even if a large external force is applied to the external antenna, upon removal of the external force it can easily return back to its original state, so that it may reduce the bent state as found in the prior art even if it is used in a wide range of applied environmental temperature, for example, -20°C to 60°C. As a result, a deterioration of electrical characteristics of the external antenna can be improved.
- this invention since the element part of the external antenna is arranged to be inserted into or taken out of the box of the wireless equipment, this invention has an effect that the box of the wireless equipment can be made small in size.
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- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
Abstract
An antenna apparatus to be used in a wireless equipment is which an element part (9) of an external atenna is made of work hardening alloy and even if a large external force is applied to the element part, a removal of this external force causes the antenna to be recovered to its original state. A bending or breaking of the element part are prevented to reduce a deterioration of electrical characteristics of the external antenna. The element part can be bent and stored in a box of the wireless equipment, thereby the box of the wireless equipment can be reduced in size.
Description
- This invention relates to an antenna apparatus used in a portable wireless equipment, for example.
- As a configuration of this type of antenna apparatus a system disclosed in a gazette of Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-21636/1987 has been provided.
- FIG. 1 is a view of configuration for showing an antenna apparatus used in the conventional type of portable wireless equipment, wherein 1 denotes a main body of the wireless equipment, 2 denotes an internal antenna arranged at an upper part of the
main body 1 of the wireless equipment, 3 denotes a battery pack set at a side surface of atranceiver section main body 1 of the wireless equipment. - A length of the external antenna is required to extend about 17 cm of λ/2 (λ: a wave length) if an applied frequency is about 800 MHz.
- 6 denotes a cap part arranged at an extreme end of the
element part 5, this cap constitutes theexternal antenna 8 together with theelement part 5 and is used in such a way as it may easily be pulled out when theexternal antenna 8 stored in themain body 1 of the wireless equipment is pulled out of it. 7 denotes a holder part for thecap 6. - In the prior art, in case of performing a wireless communication through the
external antenna 8, when theexternal antenna 8 is pulled out of themain body 1 of the wireless equipment, a changing-over switch (not shown) arranged within themain body 1 of the wireless equipment is automatically changed over from the internal antenna to theexternal antenna 8 and the equipment can be used. - In case of such a wireless equipment as described above, if a substantial force is applied to the
external antenna 8 due to accidental troubles such as a striking of theexternal antenna 8 against an obstacle article during its use or its dropping as well, theelement 5 of theexternal antenna 8 is sometimes kept in its bent condition even after its external force is removed. - This type of system had a problem that a predetermined length of the
external antenna 8 may not be assured, a desired electrical characteristic as theexternal antenna 8 and a function of theexternal antenna 8 may not be sufficiently attained. - It is an object of this invention to provide a new antenna apparatus in which the element part of the external antenna is prevented from being bent or broken when a substantial external force is removed even if it is applied to it and then a deterioration of characteristics of the external antenna is improved.
- It is another object of this invention to provide a small-sized antenna apparatus.
- The antenna apparatus of this invention is constructed such that the element part of the external antenna arranged in the wireless equipment is made of work hardening alloy.
-
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view for showing a main body of a wireless equipment to which a prior art antenna apparatus is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a structural view for showing the antenna apparatus of one preferred embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram of a deflection-load characteristic of a work hardening alloy.
- FIG. 4 is an illustrative view for measuring a restoring angle ϑ′ in respect to a bending angle ϑ of a work hardening alloy.
- FIG. 5 is an illustrative view for showing an electrical influence caused by a bending of the element part of the external antenna.
- FIG. 6 is a structural view for showing the antenna apparatus of another preferred embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 7(a) and (b) is a structural view for showing the antenna apparatus of still another preferred embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing elasticity of work hardening alloys in respect to temperature conditions.
- Referring now to the drawings, some preferred embodiments of this invention will be described in detail. In FIG. 2,
reference numeral 9 denotes an element of an external antenna made of work hardening alloy. The work hardening alloy is heat treated under a low temperature of 350°C to 400°C and a cold working dislocation is substantially remained to apply elasticity. It shows less variation in characteristic caused by an environmental temperature. As the work hardening alloy, there are Ni-Ti alloys and ternary alloys including Ni, Ti added with Co, for example. - In the drawings, 10 denotes a resin tube for covering the
element 9. 11 denotes a cap which is press fitted to one end of theelement 9, i.e. an upper end of theelement 9. 12 denotes a rigid member integrally formed with thecap 11. 13 denotes a holder which is fixed to a box of the wireless equipment so as to cause theelement 9 of the antenna to be freely passed and to hold theelement 9. 14 denotes a stopper arranged at the other end of theelement 9 and engaged with the lower end of theholder 13 so as not to be pulled out of it. As illustrated in FIG. 2, thisstopper 14 has a slight round corner at its extreme corner part. - The work hardening Ni-Ti alloy to be used in the
element 9 of the antenna will be described. In case of a general type of metallic material, application of the external force (stress) exceeding its elastic limit causes dislocations among its atoms to produce a plastic deformation and even if the external force is removed, the metal does not recover its original shape. However, in case of material called as a work hardening Ni-Ti alloy, application of the external force exceeding its elastic limit under its normal state causes its deformation and its dislocations due to the deformation is prevented by heat treating it at a low temperature of 350°C to 400°C and increasing its dislocation density, resulting in getting an elastic member and then if the external force is removed by this elastic member, the alloy may return to its original state. The work hardening Ni-Ti alloy shows its maximum recovering strain (about 4%) larger than a normal metal which is work hardened. - FIG. 3 is a load-deflection diagram (practically measured at 20°C) showing that a sample piece of the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy is measured under a condition shown in FIG. 8(A). As apparent from FIG. 3, in case of the work hardening material, as its stress or load is increased, its deflection or strain is gradually increased and in turn as its load is decreased, its deflection is also decreased and finally if its load is completely removed, its deflection shows at last a zero value.
- For example, a comparison between a spring steel used as an element of the prior art antenna and the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy shows the following results.
- Table 1 is a comparison table of a restoring angle ϑ′ and a restoring rate η in respect to a bending angle ϑ of a prior art spring steel and the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy of the preferred embodiment (Ni 48: Tu 50: Co 2).
- FIG. 4 is an illustrative view for getting data shown in Table 1, wherein one end of the
antenna 15 is defined as afixed point 16, an external force is applied at a point spaced apart by about 7 cm from thefixed point 16 to bend the antenna up to a bending angle ϑ and a restoring angle ϑ′ attained when the external force is removed is measured. In FIG. 4, a dotted line indicates a position of the antenna to which the external force is applied and an alternate long and short dash line indicates a position of the antenna from which the external force is removed. - In this case, the
antenna 15 is made of prior art spring steel and work hardening Ni-Ti alloy to be compared to it, a length of theantenna 15 is about 14 cm and a diameter of it is about 2 mm. A restoring rate η is calculated as a ratio of a restoring angle ϑ′ with respect to a bending angle ϑ, i.e. (ϑ′/ϑ). - As apparent from Table 1, if the bending angle ϑ is about 30°, both spring steel and work hardening Ni-Ti alloy have a restoring rate of 100%. However, if the bending angle is more than 45°, a certain difference is generated in the restoring rate η between them.
- It is an important thing that in case of the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy, even if the bending angle is 90°, the restoring rate η is 100%. In this case, the restoring rate η of the prior art spring steel is 72% and has a remarkable difference with respect to it.
- In this way, the presence of substantial difference of the restoring rate η between the work hardening Ti-Ni alloy and the prior art spring steel may influence a substantial antenna height and its direction and further it may provide a further influence against an electrical characteristic of the antenna.
- For example, as shown in FIG. 5, in case that a bending is generated from the point P of the
element 9 at an angle ϑ, a polarization A generated by theelement 9 in perpendicular to its axial direction is distributed into one polarization a₁ generated in perpendicular to a length ℓ₁ from its bending point to the fixed point and the other polarization b₁ generated in perpendicular to a length ℓ₂ of theelement 9 from the bending point to the free end, thereby the characteristics of antenna (a radiation efficiency) is reduced. - An electrical resistance of the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy is 50 to 100 µΩ-cm which is slightly larger than 10 µΩ-cm of the prior art spring steel and even if this fact, in view of its electrical resistance, this invention can be applicable practically as an antenna apparatus without any difference at all.
- FIG. 6 is a structural view showing another preferred embodiment of the antenna apparatus of this invention. In FIG. 6, 17 denotes an element of the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy wound helically and 18 denotes a resin tube for use in covering the
helical element 17. - 11 denotes a cap, 12 denotes a rigid part, 13 denotes a holder and 14 denotes a stopper in the same way as that shown in FIG. 2.
- In case of a still further preferred embodiment, since the
element 17 of the antenna is constructed by the helical work hardening Ni-Ti alloy, the restoring rate in respect to theelement 17 is larger than that shown in FIG. 2. - Then, in FIG. 7(a), even if a length of element L₂ of the antenna is larger than a size L₁ of a
box 20 of the wireless equipment, the antenna is constructed such that theelement 9 of the antenna can be stored completely in thebox 20 of the wireless equipment. In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 7(a), 21 denotes a storing tube arranged in thebox 20 of the wireless equipment, the tube extends from ahead part 20a to abottom part 20b of thebox 20 of the wireless equipment. Abending part 22 is arranged at thebottom part 20b and further the tube extends at thebottom part 20b. - The
element 9 of the antenna is made of work hardening Ni-Ti alloy as described above, and as indicated by a dotted line of FIG. 7(a), it is bent at thebending part 22 of thestoring tube 21 due to an ultra-elastic feature and it is stored within thestoring tube 21. A length of thestoring tube 21 is slightly longer than a length of theelement 9 of the antenna. - In case that the
element 9 of the antenna is applied to perform a wireless communication, theelement 9 of the antenna is pulled out of thebox 20 of the wireless equipment and even if theelement 9 is pulled out of thebox 20 of the wireless equipment, theelement 9 is constructed by the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy, so that it rises in a straight line as shown by a solid line of FIG. 7(a). - In FIG. 7(a), 24 denotes rigid parts fixed to the
element 9 of the antenna which are arranged at a forward part and a rearward part of the bendingpart 22 while being stored in thebox 20 of the wireless equipment. This arrangement is made so as to enable theelement 9 of the antenna to be easily slid within the storingtube 21. In addition, since thestopper 14 arranged at theelement 9 of the antenna is formed in an arcular form at its extreme end, its sliding in the storingtube 21 can more easily be performed. - In FIG. 7(b), it shows a case in which the
box 25 of the wireless equipment has a special shape of circle. 26 denotes a storing tube arranged within thebox 25 of the wireless equipment and this tube has a largebent part 27. Other elements are the same as those shown in FIG. 7(a). - FIG. 8(B) illustrates load-deflection curves for use in comparing a mechanical performance of each of a shape memory alloy having a transformation point Af of 18°C, a shape memory alloy having a transformation point Af of -15°C and work hardening alloy. As shown in the stage (a) of FIG. 8(B), the shape memory alloy having a transformation point Af of 18°C generates a shape memory effect in a range of 0°C to -20°C of environmental temperature, and as shown in the stage c) of FIG. 8(B), the shape memory alloy having a transformation point Af of -15°C may generate a shape memory effect in a range of -20°C of environmental temperature, and further generates a permanent strain in a range of 40°C to 60°C of environmental temperature.
- To the contrary, the work hardening alloy merely generates a slight shape memory effect at an environmental temperature of -20°C in a range of -20°C to 60°C of the environmental temperature and it is effective as the element material for the external antenna.
- It is of course apparent that the antenna apparatus of this invention can be applied to the external antenna in a wireless equipment in which the internal antenna and the external antenna are provided and when the external antenna is pulled out of the box of the wireless equipment, the internal antenna is automatically changed over to the external antenna by using the antenna changing-over device disclosed in the gazette of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-21636/1987, for example.
- At this time, a rigid part is arranged at a lower end of the element of the antenna, this rigid part may operate the changing-over switch and then the internal antenna can be changed over to the external antenna.
- In the preferred embodiments described above, the work hardening Ni-Ti alloy has been described, and as shown in FIG. 8(C) and 8(D), the ternary alloy including Ni and Ti together with Co, for example, has a higher elastic modulus and elastic limit than those of a binary metal having only Ni and Ti and is particularly suitable for the element member of the external antenna. FIG. 8(C) shows load-deflection characteristics of a ternary alloy in comparison with the binary alloy (dotted lines) shown in the stage (b) of FIG. 8(B). As seen from FIG. 8(C), the ternary alloy has a higher elastic limit and a smaller residual deformation in a low temperature range than the binary alloy does. FIG. 8(D) shows tension-strain curves of the binary and ternary alloys as results of tension tests, in which the elastic moduli and elastic limits thereof are read as follows.
Table 2 E′ [kgf/mm²] Y′ [kgf/mm²] Ni-Ti ALLOY 4,400 56.0 Ni-Ti-Co ALLOY 5,150 66.2 - Even in case of the work hardening alloy, each of the characteristic values has a thermo-sensitivity and at a low temperature, a residual strain is left or a bending load is decreased. Accordingly, it is effective to use material having a low transformation temperature.
- As described above, according to this invention, since the element part of the external antenna of the wireless equipment is made of work hardening alloy, even if a large external force is applied to the external antenna, upon removal of the external force it can easily return back to its original state, so that it may reduce the bent state as found in the prior art even if it is used in a wide range of applied environmental temperature, for example, -20°C to 60°C. As a result, a deterioration of electrical characteristics of the external antenna can be improved.
- In addition, since the element part of the external antenna is arranged to be inserted into or taken out of the box of the wireless equipment, this invention has an effect that the box of the wireless equipment can be made small in size.
Claims (6)
1. An antenna apparatus characterized in that an element part of an external antenna arranged in a wireless equipment is made of work hardening alloy.
2. An antenna apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the work hardening alloy is of Ni-Ti alloy.
3. An antenna apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the work hardening alloy contains at least one metal in addition to Ni-Ti.
4. An antenna apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the work hartening alloy is wound in a helical form to get the element part of the external antenna.
5. An antenna apparatus characterized in that an element part of an external antenna arranged in a wireless equipment is made of work hardening alloy, and a bent storing part for bending said element part and storing it is arranged within a box of said wireless equipment.
6. An antenna apparatus as set forth in claim 1 or 5, wherein said element part of the external antenna is used in an environmental temperature of -20°C to 60°C.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP24962289A JPH03110901A (en) | 1989-09-26 | 1989-09-26 | Antenna system |
JP249622/89 | 1989-09-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0419900A1 true EP0419900A1 (en) | 1991-04-03 |
Family
ID=17195767
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90117062A Ceased EP0419900A1 (en) | 1989-09-26 | 1990-09-05 | Antenna apparatus |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0419900A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH03110901A (en) |
AU (1) | AU624732B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2025882C (en) |
NO (1) | NO176417C (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2266019B (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1995-12-13 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Radio with retractable antenna |
EP0819323A1 (en) * | 1995-04-06 | 1998-01-21 | MATTHEWS, Robert Lenes | Antenna |
WO2000028616A1 (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 2000-05-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson | Antenna arrangement at a mobile telephone |
WO2000039882A1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-07-06 | Chang Eung Soon | Antenna for portable wireless communications system and a method for manufacturing the same |
DE102012221189A1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-22 | Gabler Maschinenbau Gmbh | Antenna device for a submarine |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0654303U (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-22 | ニッセイ電機株式会社 | Antenna for wireless communication device |
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US3789418A (en) * | 1971-11-03 | 1974-01-29 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Flexible antenna formed of opposed convex laminated strips covered with a heat-shrunk hose |
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1989
- 1989-09-26 JP JP24962289A patent/JPH03110901A/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-08-31 AU AU62029/90A patent/AU624732B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-08-31 NO NO903822A patent/NO176417C/en unknown
- 1990-09-05 EP EP90117062A patent/EP0419900A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-09-20 CA CA 2025882 patent/CA2025882C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3229296A (en) * | 1964-01-10 | 1966-01-11 | Oliver E Saari | Submarine-type whip antenna designed for fully loaded and deflected condition |
DE1516762A1 (en) * | 1966-05-11 | 1969-08-28 | Kurt Hofmann | Transmitting or receiving device |
US3434674A (en) * | 1967-05-01 | 1969-03-25 | Dehavilland Aircraft Canada | Storable tubular extensible member device |
DE2345882B1 (en) * | 1973-09-12 | 1974-11-07 | Ver Deutsche Metallwerke Ag | Process for the production of a material with good spring properties |
US4598295A (en) * | 1984-09-07 | 1986-07-01 | General Electric Company | Replaceable radio antenna |
US4725845A (en) * | 1986-03-03 | 1988-02-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Retractable helical antenna |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2266019B (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1995-12-13 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Radio with retractable antenna |
US5534878A (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1996-07-09 | Nokia Mobile Phones Limited | Radio with retractable antenna |
EP0819323A1 (en) * | 1995-04-06 | 1998-01-21 | MATTHEWS, Robert Lenes | Antenna |
EP0819323A4 (en) * | 1995-04-06 | 1998-07-08 | Robert Lenes Matthews | Antenna |
WO2000028616A1 (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 2000-05-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson | Antenna arrangement at a mobile telephone |
WO2000039882A1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-07-06 | Chang Eung Soon | Antenna for portable wireless communications system and a method for manufacturing the same |
US6515637B1 (en) | 1998-12-24 | 2003-02-04 | Eung-Soon Chang | Antenna for portable wireless communications system and a method for manufacturing the same |
AU764363B2 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2003-08-14 | Eung-Soon Chang | Antenna for portable wireless communications system and a method for manufacturing the same |
DE102012221189A1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-22 | Gabler Maschinenbau Gmbh | Antenna device for a submarine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO176417B (en) | 1994-12-19 |
JPH03110901A (en) | 1991-05-10 |
AU6202990A (en) | 1991-04-11 |
AU624732B2 (en) | 1992-06-18 |
CA2025882A1 (en) | 1991-03-27 |
NO176417C (en) | 1995-03-29 |
NO903822D0 (en) | 1990-08-31 |
CA2025882C (en) | 1997-07-01 |
NO903822L (en) | 1991-03-27 |
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